To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Crop cultivating, planning.
Journal articles on the topic 'Crop cultivating, planning'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic 'Crop cultivating, planning.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Azad, Abul Kalam. "Determinants of Crop Diversification in Bangladesh: An Econometric Analysis." Asia-Pacific Journal of Rural Development 31, no. 2 (2021): 195–217. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/24551333211069752.
Full textAbstract:
This study aims to investigate the factors that influence household behaviour in cultivating the diversified crops on their cultivable land in Bangladesh. Cragg’s alternative tobit model has been applied to a unique rural household level dataset to find the catalysts of crop diversification. The results obtained portrayed a mixed impression of crop diversification in the country. The estimated results have revealed that the male head of household, the accessibility of information, a greater number of farming parcels and the availability of hired labour seem to govern the decision of a farming household to participate in non-rice crop production, while factors such as the total amount of land, agricultural extension service and irrigation facilities influence rice cultivation. Moreover, the findings obtained from the same Cragg’s alternative tobit model estimation for the Aman, Boro and Aus seasons have also revealed a similar depiction of crop diversification in Bangladesh.
2
Thilagavathi, N., and T. Amudha. "A novel methodology for optimal land allocation for agricultural crops using Social Spider Algorithm." PeerJ 7 (September 17, 2019): e7559. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.7559.
Full textAbstract:
In the current agricultural scenario, availability of suitable land for cultivation is less and profitable allocation of the land for cultivating crops seems to be a cumbersome task. Crop planning optimization is a major research field in agriculture, in which land optimization is a significant challenge, which falls under the category of combinatorial optimization problems. The main objective of the present research is to maximize the net income from agriculture through optimal land allocation. Bio-inspired algorithms are quite popular in solving combinatorial optimization problems. Social Spider Algorithm (SSA), a new bio-inspired algorithm, is used to solve land optimization problem in this research based on the simulation of cooperative behaviour of social spiders. The agricultural area chosen for case study is the Coimbatore region, located in Tamilnadu state, India and the relevant data for the crops are collected from Tamilnadu Agricultural University Coimbatore, India. The optimal planting area, crop productivity for various land holdings and the water requirements are computed by SSA and the results have shown better directions for agricultural planning to improve the profit with constrained land area and water limitations.
3
Aziz, Sherien Abdel, Martina Zeleňáková, Peter Mésároš, Pavol Purcz, and Hany Abd-Elhamid. "Assessing the Potential Impacts of the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam on Water Resources and Soil Salinity in the Nile Delta, Egypt." Sustainability 11, no. 24 (2019): 7050. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11247050.
Full textAbstract:
Several studies have reported that the construction of the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD) could have severe effects on the water resources in downstream countries, especially Egypt. These effects include changes in surface water level, groundwater levels in shallow and deep aquifers, saltwater intrusion, and increases in soil salinity, which could affect crop yields. This paper assesses the potential impacts of the GERD on the Nile Delta, Egypt. It includes the effects of reducing surface water levels (SWL) and changing the crop patterns at the groundwater levels (GWL), in addition to the effect of cultivating crops that consume less water on soil salinity. A pilot area is selected in the east of the Nile Delta for the assessment. The results of the study revealed that GWL is directly proportional to SWL. Comparing the case study of 2012, when SWL was reduced by 50%, the GWL decreased from 5.0 m to 2.0 m. After adjustment, the crop patterns from rice to other crops decreased the GWL to 1.30 m. Additionally, the results showed that there is a significant relationship between soil salinity and crop patterns. Soil salinity increased during the cultivation of the Delta with non-rice crops, such as grapes. Salinity increased from 0.45 S/m after 10 years of simulation to 0.48 S/m. This estimation highlights the undesirable effects of the GERD on Egypt’s water resources, soil salinity, crop yields, and national income.
4
Narayanamoorthy, A., N. Devika, R. Suresh, and K. S. Sujitha. "Efficiency and viability of drip method of irrigation in groundnut cultivation: an empirical analysis from South India." Water Policy 22, no. 6 (2020): 1109–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wp.2020.257.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Drip method of irrigation (DMI) has the potential to save substantial water and electrical energy as well as increase the productivity of crops. Studies conducted on different high value crops have confirmed the various benefits of DMI. However, not many studies have researched the income and resource impact of drip irrigation including its benefit–cost pattern using survey data in crops like groundnut, which is an important oilseed crop in India. In this paper, an attempt has been made to fill this gap by using survey data collected from a water-scarce district from Tamil Nadu State in India. The results show that DMI can save about 34% of cultivation cost, 36% of water and electrical energy and increase about 79% of productivity over the same crop cultivated under conventional flood method of irrigation. The drip adopters are also able to generate an additional farm business income of Rs 25,911/acre (1 USD = INR 74.92, 1 acre = 4,047 m2) over the non-drip adopters. The net present worth and benefit–cost ratio estimated using discounted cash flow technique shows that investment in drip irrigation is economically highly viable for groundnut cultivating farmers.
5
Sarker, Uttam Kumer, Md Salahuddin Kaysar, Md Romij Uddin, Md Alamgir Hossain, Sabry Hassan, and Mohamed M. Hassan. "Exploring Farmers’ Insight on Cropping Pattern for Sustainable Crop Production in Char Area of Bangladesh." Sustainability 14, no. 3 (2022): 1745. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14031745.
Full textAbstract:
Bangladesh is principally an agricultural country, where most people depend primarily upon their own farm production for endurance. In the char area, agriculture is multifaceted and labor-intensive, with a non-developed market, few technologies, and insufficient resources. Moreover, agroecological situations are multifarious for crop production. A study was performed in the chars of Rangpur, Gaibandha, Kurigram, and Lalmonirhat districts of Bangladesh to determine the existing situation of cropping patterns, farmers’ problems with crop cultivation, and probable solutions to minimize risk in crop production. Farmers, local leaders, and dealers, as well as both government and non-government personnel, were occupied in the study to congregate information on different aspects of crop production. The study indicated that the most dominant cropping pattern was T. Aman-Maize-Jute. Flood is the major climatic risk alleged by char dwellers. Additionally, char respondents are vulnerable, with more landless farmers, and dominated by crop cultivation compared to other professional work. In response to the accessible crop production risks, the char peoples are suggested to utilize some adjustment strategies in agriculture, such as implementing new or alternative cropping practices, rapid disease and pest management techniques, and cultivating short-duration varieties. The other outcomes of the study were designed to implement program planning and livelihood development of char people through attaining food security.
6
R, Shreedhar. "Multi Crop Optimization Using Linear Programming Model for Maximum Net Benefit." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 3.12 (2018): 797. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i3.12.16504.
Full textAbstract:
The water used for agriculture is 70% globally. This has resulted in new methods of saving water. Hence water saving techniques has to be practiced. In water resources planning and management, optimization techniques is used for limited use of resources such as such as water, land, production cost, manpower, fertilizers, seeds, and pesticides. For cultivating each crop, the land area needs to be planned properly. Hence the crop pattern has to be decided optimally depending on available water resources and on economic basis. Therefore farmer needs to be educated to adopt optimum cropping pattern which maximises the economic returns. Hence the study is taken up to optimize the allocation of land areas to crops. The objective function for multi crop model were formulated using linear programming for maximizing the net benefits. The study resulted in optimal cropping pattern for different water availabilities ranging from 2000 Ha-m to 5500 Ha-m. The maximum net benefit for the study area varied from Rs. 53.2 Crores for 2000 Ha-m water availability to Rs.78 Crores at 5000 Ha-m water availability.
7
Kalmykova, E. V., A. A. Novikov, N. Yu Petrov, and O. V. Kalmykova. "The effectiveness of resource-saving techniques for the cultivation of onions during irrigation in the conditions of the Lower Volga." Vegetable crops of Russia, no. 1 (March 19, 2020): 58–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.18619/2072-9146-2020-1-58-63.
Full textAbstract:
Relevance. The main areas under vegetables, including onions, are located in the south of Russia. Inclusion of vegetables in the list of food safety products with a threshold value of 90% will significantly increase the responsibility of agricultural workers at all levels for the production and sale of vegetable products. The purpose of the research is to justify the feasibility and effectiveness of cultivating promising varieties and hybrids of onions during irrigation in the Lower Volga region to obtain yields of 150 or more t/ha of high-quality products.Methods. For the first time in the area of chestnut soils, comprehensive scientific research was conducted on resource-saving techniques to increase the productivity of a vegetable crop in an extremely arid climate by regulating the physiological and biological processes during drip irrigation, and a system was developed for applying these techniques. Research in the experiment was carried out according to generally accepted methods.Results. The most significant increase in the onion crop was obtained on the variants of the complex application of the studied agricultural methods and amounted, on average, for 2011...2016 with an irrigation regime of 75...75...75% of HB on the standard variety Volgodonets – 159%, relative to the control, on a promising hybrid Octant F1 – 118%, on the hybrid – 125%. With the regime of 70...80...75% of HB on the Volgodonets standard grade – 155%, relative to control, on the promising Oktant F1 hybrid 113%, on the Valero F1 hybrid – 115%. When calculating the cultivation efficiency of this crop, economic data were obtained, the value of which allows us to conclude that when planning the growth of onion production efficiency, agricultural producers are recommended to introduce agricultural technology with a profitability of 253.63%: promising hybrid Octant F1, irrigation mode – differentiated, background N450P180K135+Mortar+Energy-M. Against this background, in the context of research on the variety and hybrids, the maximum return on production costs is 3.2 rubles. An analysis of data on a combination of crop-forming factors showed that for onions when cultivating promising hybrids Octant F1 and Valero F1, when planning yields of 130 and 150 t/ha, it is necessary to maintain a moisture level of 70...80...75% HB, and when grown without fertilizers and when planning 110 t/ha it is enough to create a permanent irrigation regime.
8
Zakarya, Yasser M., Mohamed M. Metwaly, Mohamed A. E. AbdelRahman, Mohamed R. Metwalli, and Georgios Koubouris. "Optimized Land Use through Integrated Land Suitability and GIS Approach in West El-Minia Governorate, Upper Egypt." Sustainability 13, no. 21 (2021): 12236. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su132112236.
Full textAbstract:
Land evaluation is imperative for its efficient use in agriculture. Therefore, this study aimed at assessing the suitability of a region in West El-Minia for cultivating some of the major crops using the geographical information system (GIS). The results focus on allocating space for cultivating sugar beet and utilizing the free period of sugar beet in other crops. This exploitation helps to maintain the quality of the land and increase its fertility by using crop rotation with integrated agricultural management. A machine learning technique was implemented using the random forest algorithm (RF) to predict soil suitability classes for sugar beet using geomorphology, terrain attribute and remote sensing data. Fifteen major crops were evaluated using a suitability multicriteria approach in GIS environment for crop rotation decisions. Soil parameters were determined (soil depth, pH, texture, CaCO3, drainage, ECe, and slope) to characterize the land units for soil suitability. Soils of the area were found to be Entisols; Typic Torrifluvents, Typic Torripsamments and Typic Torriorthents and Aridsols; Typic Haplocacids, Calcic Haplosalids and Sodic Haplocalcids. Overall, the studied area was classified into four suitability classes: high “S1”, moderate “S2”, marginal “S3”, and not suitable “N”. The area of each suitability class changed depending on the crop tested. The highest two crops that occupied S1 class were barley with 471.5 ha (representing 6.8% of the total study area) and alfalfa with 157.4 ha (2.3%). In addition, barley, sugar beet, and sorghum occupied the highest areas in S2 class with 6415.3 ha (92.5%), 6111.3 ha (88.11%) and 6111.3 ha (88.1%), respectively. Regarding the S3 class, three different crops (sesame, green pepper, and maize) were the most highly represented by 6151.8 ha (88.7%), 6126.3 ha (88.3%), and 6116.7 ha (88.2%), respectively. In the end, potato and beans occupied the highest areas in N class with 6916.9 ha (99.7%) and 6853.5 ha (98.8%), respectively. The results revealed that the integration of GIS and soil suitability system consists of an appropriate approach for the evaluation of suitable crop rotations for optimized land use planning and to prevent soil degradation. The study recommends using crop rotation, as it contributes to soil sustainability and the control of plant pests and diseases, where the succession of agricultural crops on a scientific basis aims at maintaining the balance of nutrients and fertilizers in the soil.
9
Shah, Ghulam-Muhammad, Farid Ahmad, Shailesh Panwar, Manbar S. Khadka, Ajaz Ali, and Suman Bisht. "Ocimum Sanctum [Tulsi]—An Alternative Additional Livelihood Option for the Poor and Smallholder Farmers." Sustainability 11, no. 1 (2019): 227. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11010227.
Full textAbstract:
The scope of Tulsi (Ocimum sanctum) as an alternative crop and means of livelihood, particularly for the rural poor, has not been extensively explored. Tulsi is in much demand for its medicinal and aromatic properties, particularly in Ayurveda. With increased depredation of cereal crops by wildlife, increased pest incidence, and decreasing availability of water for agriculture, an attempt was made to explore alternative livelihoods through Tulsi cultivation and value chain development. Using cross-sectional survey data of beneficiary households, the study employed the ordinary least squares method to examine the relationship between total crop income and the income from Tulsi for 2016 and 2017. The findings suggest that the average household’s gross profit more than doubled within a span of two years. Total crop income of beneficiary farmers increased by 0.8 percent for every 1 percent increase in income from Tulsi. Most importantly, the intervention has shown a tremendous adoption rate. Initially, in 2013, 200 farmers cultivated Tulsi on 8.72 hectors of unirrigated and fallow land in the five beneficiary villages, but by 2017, towards the end of the intervention period, 400 farmers were cultivating the crop on 19.6 hectors of unirrigated, fallow land in 19 villages in Chamoli District. Tulsi farming and value chain development intervention not only provided marginal and smallholder farmers in these villages with a sustainable alternative additional livelihood option but also an opportunity where they were able to sustainably generate income from unirrigated, fallow land.
10
Tong, Thi Hanh, Mai Phuong Pham, Thi Quyen Bui, et al. "Land Suitability Modeling For Ricecrop Based Qn An Integrated Multi-Criteria Decision Making In Quang Tri Province Qf Vietnam." GEOGRAPHY, ENVIRONMENT, SUSTAINABILITY 14, no. 3 (2021): 63–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.24057/2071-9388-2021-017.
Full textAbstract:
The present study was aimed to determine the potential cultivated lands for rice crop production in Vietnam. Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and the Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TQPSIS) were employed in order to analyze the structure of an ideal solution in agriculture that focuses mainly on environmental, economic, and social sustainability. A final ranking of alternative development solutions was also accomplished. Three major factors were taken into consideration during the process, including the economics, social concerns, and the environment, in order to develop a sustainable plan for rice and other grain crops in the future. The obtained results demonstrate that the area under investigation in Quang Tri province, which encompasses 192.49 km2 of land area, was extremely conducive to growing rice crops, with the majority of the arable lands suitable for cultivating rice varieties concentrated in Trieu Long District (63.14 km2) and Hai Lang District (56.87 km2). The main findings of the present work indicated that, it can link decision makers with the influencing variables of rice crop growing utilizing a hybrid method that can be successfully used based on GIS technique. To expand production, chemical soil characteristics and agricultural development strategies should be investigated further, particularly in the studied areas with greater success potential.
11
Tong, Thi Hanh, Mai Phuong Pham, Thi Quyen Bui, et al. "Land Suitability Modeling For Ricecrop Based Qn An Integrated Multi-Criteria Decision Making In Quang Tri Province Qf Vietnam." GEOGRAPHY, ENVIRONMENT, SUSTAINABILITY 14, no. 3 (2021): 63–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.24057/2071-9388-2021-017.
Full textAbstract:
The present study was aimed to determine the potential cultivated lands for rice crop production in Vietnam. Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and the Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TQPSIS) were employed in order to analyze the structure of an ideal solution in agriculture that focuses mainly on environmental, economic, and social sustainability. A final ranking of alternative development solutions was also accomplished. Three major factors were taken into consideration during the process, including the economics, social concerns, and the environment, in order to develop a sustainable plan for rice and other grain crops in the future. The obtained results demonstrate that the area under investigation in Quang Tri province, which encompasses 192.49 km2 of land area, was extremely conducive to growing rice crops, with the majority of the arable lands suitable for cultivating rice varieties concentrated in Trieu Long District (63.14 km2) and Hai Lang District (56.87 km2). The main findings of the present work indicated that, it can link decision makers with the influencing variables of rice crop growing utilizing a hybrid method that can be successfully used based on GIS technique. To expand production, chemical soil characteristics and agricultural development strategies should be investigated further, particularly in the studied areas with greater success potential.
12
Bumgarner, Natalie, Sheri Dorn, Esther McGinnis, et al. "Consumer Horticulture Advancement: Identifying Critical Research Areas and Cultivating Collaborations." HortTechnology 29, no. 6 (2019): 769–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech04422-19.
Full textAbstract:
Many fields of research converge to assess the impact of plants on human health, well-being, and nutrition. However, even with a recent history of horticulturists contributing to human–plant interaction work, much of the current research is conducted outside the context of horticulture and specifically outside of consumer horticulture (CH). To connect CH to research being conducted by other disciplines that explore the role of plants in improving human quality of life, a workshop was held on 1 Aug. 2018 in Washington, DC, at the American Society for Horticultural Science (ASHS) annual conference. The workshop focused on current food science, nutrition, and crop-breeding efforts to enhance nutrition and flavor, and human health and well-being research related to nature and plant interactions in an increasingly urban population. Following these presentations regarding potential research linkages and collaboration opportunities, a facilitated discussion identified ways to improve future CH research and foster collaborative work. Action items identified included connecting research and vocabulary to help cultivate an interest in plants in younger generations; supporting awareness of collaborative opportunities with health, nutrition, urban planning, and public health practitioners; ensuring CH is known to administrators; and taking responsibility for initiating communication with colleagues in these areas.
13
Shaloo, Rishi Pal Singh, Himani Bisht, et al. "Crop-Suitability Analysis Using the Analytic Hierarchy Process and Geospatial Techniques for Cereal Production in North India." Sustainability 14, no. 9 (2022): 5246. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14095246.
Full textAbstract:
Identification of cropland suitability is obligatory to adapting to the increased food needs driven by population expansion, environmental contamination, and climate change. Given this, the present study was conducted to assess cereal crops’ suitability in India’s Haryana state by integrating Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and geographic information system (GIS) technique. Multiple factors were considered for this study, such as rainfall, temperature, soil texture, drainage density, pH, organic carbon, electrical conductivity, and slope. The AHP technique was utilized to decide the weights of each individual parameter using experts’ opinions. The crop-suitability model was developed using the model builder module in ArcGIS 10.8, and each input parameter was reclassified as per the optimum crop-growth requirement and overlaid utilizing the reclassify tool and weighted overlay analysis. The crop suitability classes were estimated as highly suitable, S1 (6%); moderately suitable, S2 (71%); and marginally suitable, S3 (23%) for the calculated arable land for the wheat crop. Similarly, the crop suitability class of rice S2 (28%); S3 (72%), for sorghum S1 (28%); S2 (71%); S3 (1%), for maize S2 (85%); S3 (15%) and for pearl millet S1 (60%); S2 (40%) were also estimated. The study has observed that, as per the soil physico-chemical characteristics and climate, the area is moderately fertile. Therefore, agricultural production can be improved by cultivating the crop in highly and moderately suitable zones. Diversification of marginally suitable regions for crops other than that for which it is not suitable can be taken up, which will also ensure the income security of marginal farmers.
14
Eyhorn, Frank, Marrit van den Berg, Charlotte Decock, Harro Maat, and Ashish Srivastava. "Does Organic Farming Provide a Viable Alternative for Smallholder Rice Farmers in India?" Sustainability 10, no. 12 (2018): 4424. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su10124424.
Full textAbstract:
Smallholder rice farming is characterized by low returns and substantial environmental impact. Conversion to organic management and linking farmers to fair trade markets could offer an alternative. Engaging in certified cash-crop value chains could thereby provide an entry path to simultaneously reduce poverty and improve environmental sustainability. Based on comprehensive data from a representative sample of approximately 80 organic and 80 conventional farms in northern India, we compared yield and profitability of the main rotation crops over a period of five years. Contrary to the widespread belief that yields in organic farming are inevitably lower, our study shows that organic farmers achieved the same yields in cereals and pulses as conventional farmers, with considerably lower external inputs. Due to 45% lower production costs and higher sales prices, organic basmati cultivation was 105% more profitable than cultivating ordinary rice under conventional management. However, since holdings are small and the share of agricultural income of total household income is declining, conversion to organic basmati farming alone will not provide households a sufficiently attractive perspective into the future. We propose that future efforts to enhance the long-term viability of rice-based organic farming systems in this region focus on diversification involving higher value crops.
15
Hahirwa, Gumira Joseph. "The impact of subtle resistance to regional crop specialization: The case of maize farming in Rugeramigozi Marsh-Rwanda." Rwanda Journal of Social Sciences, Humanities and Business 2, no. 1 (2021): 81–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/rjsshb.v2i1.5.
Full textAbstract:
In the framework of the professionalization of the agricultural sector in Rwanda, a number of agricultural reforms including regional crop specialization, mono-cropping, use of improved seeds and chemical fertilisers among others have been initiated and have substantially contributed to the increase of agricultural products at the Rwandan local market. Even though the reform outcomes were promising, smallholder farmers had at the outset of the reform implementation opposed to the way crops were selected for their marshland and their reaction has influenced the reform implementation. This article explores the experience smallholder farmers have gone through during the initiation of new selected crops for their marshland, their reactions to the use of the mandatory seeds and the impact of their reactions. Findings reveal that farmers‘ discontents have slowed down cultivating maize because their preferred crop – the rice – considered more profitable was disregarded. To deter the implementation of growing maize, smallholder farmers have used strategic defiance in form of subtle argumentation, strategic silence, strategic apathy or indifference, ironical strategy among others and the impact of their stratagems have led to the amendment of the decision of growing undesirable crop(s) in their marshland. The latest data collected in October 2017 and January 2018 reveal clearly the blurred intentions behind farmers‘ reactions observed during the 2010 – 2012 research – they bring to light what they didn‘t dare to disclose then. This article shows finally that in any agricultural reform design, planners should consider all aspects upholding smallholder farmers‘ advantages and these are identifiable only if they participate proactively in the reform planning and implementation phases.
16
Dar, Manzoor H., Showkat A. Waza, Sarvesh Shukla, et al. "Drought Tolerant Rice for Ensuring Food Security in Eastern India." Sustainability 12, no. 6 (2020): 2214. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12062214.
Full textAbstract:
Drought and limited availability of water serve as the serious limitation for rice production in rainfed ecosystems. Among the major rainfed rice-cultivating areas, states of eastern India occupy one of the largest drought-prone ecologies in the world. Cultivating drought tolerant rice varieties can serve as the most coherent approach to ensure food security in these areas. International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), along with its national collaborators, has developed drought tolerant rice varieties possessing high yield along with desirable grain quality. One such conventionally bred line, IR74371-70-1-1, has been released with different names in the different countries: in India as Sahbhagi Dhan, in Nepal as Sukha Dhan 3, and in Bangladesh as BRRI Dhan 56. This indicates the suitability of this line to show better performance across the wide range of environments. Sahbhagi Dhan is a short duration variety that has genetic drought tolerance and is more efficient at extracting available moisture from the soil. During drought years, farmers cultivating Sahbhagi Dhan obtained the yield advantage of 0.8 to 1.6 t ha−1 over currently grown long duration as well as traditional varieties. In 2012, when the paddy crop was hit by drought, Sahbhagi Dhan revealed the yield advantage of more than a t ha−1, which reduced to 0.78 and 0.56 t ha−1 during non-drought years of 2013 and 2014, respectively. Data taken from head to head trials during 2017 showed that Sahbhagi Dhan exhibited better performance over the existing rice varieties grown by farmers even under non-drought conditions. The important feature of Sahbhagi Dhan is its evident impact under drought and no yield penalty under favorable conditions over the counterfactual varieties of the same duration. Along with better yield under drought, the important advantage of Sahbhagi Dhan is the short maturity duration of this variety. This allows the farmers to advance the succeeding crop and creates an opportunity for accommodating an additional crop under favorable rainfed ecology, thereby enhancing the cropping intensity. Since the majority of the farmers living in drought prone ecologies are socio-economically under privileged, Sahbhagi Dhan, along with other drought tolerant varieties, can serve as one of the most viable and deliverable technologies for eradicating poverty from these ecologies dependent on rainfed rice.
17
Hashimi, Rahmatullah, Eri Matsuura, and Masakazu Komatsuzaki. "Effects of Cultivating Rice and Wheat with and without Organic Fertilizer Application on Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Soil Quality in Khost, Afghanistan." Sustainability 12, no. 16 (2020): 6508. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12166508.
Full textAbstract:
The agricultural sector is the most important economic component in Afghanistan, as 80% of the population is involved. The improvement of cereal production is an urgent task to meet the nation’s demand for the staple within the limited arable land. To promote a sustainable crop production system, this study examined the soil quality to learn the basic knowledge of soil fertility and the environmental impact of different rice–wheat cropping systems in Khost, Afghanistan by using the life cycle assessment (LCA) method. The economic analysis of each farming system was conducted by the data gathered by the farmers’ interviews along with LCA data collection. The analysis considered the on-farm activities, which were required to produce 1 kg of wheat and rice. It included energy use, production, and farming inputs such as fertilizer and agrochemicals. Conventional farming with organic fertilizer application (CF+OF) was compared with conventional farming (CF). The LCA results showed the total greenhouse gas (GHG) emission was higher in rice production compared to wheat production. However, CO2 absorption by the crops was far greater than the total GHG emission in both systems and showed great potential for soil carbon sequestration for mitigation of global warming. The soil examination revealed the CF+OF system increased soil total carbon (TC), active C (AC), total N (TN), soil organic carbon storage (SCS), P, and K+ after four years of organic fertilizer application. The yield of each crop was slightly higher in the CF system; however, the CF+OF system increased net income by reducing the cost for fertilizer. The study concluded the CF+OF system can improve soil fertility in the long term while saving the farming operation cost. Further research is required to determine the best combination of practices to improve cattle manure characteristics and farm management for soil carbon sequestration to promote a sustainable farming system in the country.
18
Teklu, Desawi Hdru, Hussein Shimelis, Abush Tesfaye, and Seltene Abady. "Appraisal of the Sesame Production Opportunities and Constraints, and Farmer-Preferred Varieties and Traits, in Eastern and Southwestern Ethiopia." Sustainability 13, no. 20 (2021): 11202. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su132011202.
Full textAbstract:
Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) is an important oilseed crop with well-developed value chains. It is Ethiopia’s most valuable export commodity after coffee (Coffea arabica L.), contributing to socioeconomic development. The productivity of the crop is low and stagnant in Ethiopia and other major sesame growing regions in sub-Saharan Africa (<0.6 t/ha) due to a multitude of production constraints. The objective of this study was to document sesame production opportunities and constraints, as well as farmer- and market-preferred varieties and traits, in eastern and southwestern Ethiopia as a guide for large-scale production and breeding. A participatory rural appraisal (PRA) study was conducted in two selected sesame growing regions and four districts in Ethiopia. Data were collected from 160 and 46 sesame farmers through semistructured questionnaires and focus group discussions. Sesame is grown by all respondent farmers in the study areas for food and as a source of cash. Most respondent farmers (56%) reported cultivating sesame using seeds of unknown varieties often sourced from the informal seed sector. About 83% of the respondents reported lack of access to improved seeds as the most important production constraint, followed by low yield gains from cultivating the existing varieties (reported by 73.8% of respondents), diseases (69.4%), and low market price (68.8%). Other production constraints included insect pests (59.4%), lack of market information (55%), and high cost of seed (50%). The above constraints were attributed to the absence of a dedicated breeding programme, lack of a formal seed sector, poor extension services, and underdeveloped pre- and postharvest infrastructures. The most important market-preferred traits of sesame included true-to-type seed (reported by 36.3% of respondents), white seed colour (28.8%), and high seed oil content (23.8%). The vital farmer-preferred attributes included reasonable market price (reported by 11.3% of respondents), resistance to crop diseases (10.9%), drought tolerance (10.3%), resistance to crop insect pests (9.2%), higher seed yield (8.9%), higher thousand-seed weight (7.2%), higher oil content (6.3%), white seed colour (6.1%), early maturity (6.1%), and good oil qualities such as aroma and taste (5.7%). Therefore, there is a need for a dedicated sesame genetic improvement programme by integrating the above key production constraints and market- and farmer-preferred traits to develop and deploy new generation varieties to enhance the production, productivity, and adoption of sesame cultivars in Ethiopia.
19
Mehta, Kapil, Paluck Arora, Nitika Arora, and Aayushi Aayushi. "Enhancement of Smart Agriculture Using Internet of Things." ECS Transactions 107, no. 1 (2022): 7047–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/10701.7047ecst.
Full textAbstract:
Internet of Things (IoT) is an innovation that reprimands the fate of correspondence and registering. In present times, IoT services are availed in multiple domains like smart homes, shrewd traffic control, urban planning, health infrastructure, and so forth. The utility domain of Internet of Things is quite vast and can be actualized in diverse fields. This paper work is about the execution of Internet of Things in agriculture. The latest advancements of farming with utilization of Internet of Things in agribusiness strategies can be cost effective for agriculturalists. It can help in decreasing the yield wastages and bumper crop yields and help in curbing the issues of hunger and malnutrition. Smart cultivating depending upon Internet of Things advances would help the cultivators and agriculturalists in diminishing the waste and in enhancing the profitability going from the amount of manure used within required technical quality norms. The point is to innovate with a device which creates messages on various stages to advice agriculturalists and help government in their ambitious target of doubling the agriculturalists income by 2022 of 2015 base levels. The item will help agriculturalists by getting live information from the farmland to find a way to empower them to do shrewd cultivating by likewise expanding their harvest yields and sustainable use of inputs. The proposal is a basic engineering of Internet of Things sensors that gather data and send it over the Wi-Fi system to the server. The server can take activities relying upon the data.
20
Tesfaye, Wondimagegn, and Lemma Seifu. "Climate change perception and choice of adaptation strategies." International Journal of Climate Change Strategies and Management 8, no. 2 (2016): 253–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijccsm-01-2014-0017.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to analyze smallholder farmers’ perceptions of climate change and its adverse effects, identify major adaptation strategies used by farmers and analyze the factors that influence the choice of adaptation strategy by smallholder farmers in eastern Ethiopia. Design/methodology/approach – The study was based on a cross-sectional survey of 296 sample households selected from three districts in east Ethiopia. Data were collected with the aid of a semi-structured questionnaire and review of literature, documents and databases. Findings – The study provides empirical evidence that majority of farmers in the study area are aware of climate change patterns and their adverse effect on income, food security, diversity, forest resources, food prices and crop and livestock diseases. In response to these adverse effects, major adaptation strategies used by farmers include cultivating different crops, planting different crop varieties, changing planting dates, use of soil and water conservation techniques, conservation agriculture practices and engaging in non-farm income activities. Choice of adaptation strategies are influenced by gender of household head, household size, farm size, distance from market and number of farm plots. Practical implications – The study suggests that developing more effective climate change adaptation strategies need support from the government. Such an effort needs provision of the necessary resources such as credit, information and extension services on climate change adaptation strategies and technologies, and investing in climate smart and resilient projects. Originality/value – The study adopts multivariate probit model that models farmers’ simultaneous adaptation choice behavior which has been rarely addressed by previous researches.
21
Tavakoli-Hashjini, Ehsan, Annette Piorr, Klaus Müller, and José Luis Vicente-Vicente. "Potential Bioenergy Production from Miscanthus × giganteus in Brandenburg: Producing Bioenergy and Fostering Other Ecosystem Services while Ensuring Food Self-Sufficiency in the Berlin-Brandenburg Region." Sustainability 12, no. 18 (2020): 7731. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12187731.
Full textAbstract:
Miscanthus × giganteus (hereafter Miscanthus) is a perennial crop characterized by its high biomass production, low nutrient requirements, its ability for soil restoration, and its cultivation potential on marginal land. The development of the bioenergy sector in the state of Brandenburg (Germany), with maize as the dominant crop, has recently drawn attention to its negative environmental impacts, competition with food production, and uncertainties regarding its further development toward the state’s bioenergy targets. This study aimed to estimate the potential bioenergy production in Brandenburg by cultivating Miscanthus only on marginal land, thereby avoiding competition with food production in the Berlin-Brandenburg city-region (i.e., foodshed), after using the Metropolitan Foodshed and Self-sufficiency Scenario (MFSS) model. We estimated that by 2030, the Berlin-Brandenburg foodshed would require around 1.13 million hectares to achieve 100% food self-sufficiency under the business as usual (BAU) scenario, and hence there would be around 390,000 ha land left for bioenergy production. Our results suggest that the region would require about 569,000 ha of land of maize to generate 58 PJ—the bioenergy target of the state of Brandenburg for 2030—which is almost 179,000 ha more than the available area for bioenergy production. However, under Miscanthus plantation, the required area would be reduced by 2.5 times to 232,000 ha. Therefore, Miscanthus could enable Brandenburg to meet its bioenergy target by 2030, while at the same time avoiding the trade-offs with food production, and also providing a potential for soil organic carbon (SOC) sequestration of around 255,200 t C yr-1, leading to an improvement in the soil fertility and other ecosystem services (e.g., biodiversity), compared with bioenergy generated from maize.
22
Acharya, Biradar, Louhaichi, et al. "Finding a Suitable Niche for Cultivating Cactus Pear (Opuntia ficus-indica) as an Integrated Crop in Resilient Dryland Agroecosystems of India." Sustainability 11, no. 21 (2019): 5897. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11215897.
Full textAbstract:
Climate change poses a significant threat to agroecosystems, especially in the dry areas, characterized by abrupt precipitation pattern and frequent drought events. Ideal crops, tolerant to these events, such as cactus, can perform well under such changing climatic conditions. This study spatially maps land suitability for cactus (Opuntia ficus-indica) cultivation in India using the analytical hierarchical process (AHP). Nine essential growth factors that include the climate and edaphic components were considered for the period 2000 to 2007. About 32% of the total geographic area of the country is in the high to moderate suitable category. Remaining 46% falls under the marginally suitable and 22% under the low to very low suitable category. The suitability analysis, based on the precipitation anomaly (2008–2017), suggests a high probability of cactus growth in the western and east-central part of India. The relationship with aridity index shows a decreasing rate of suitability with the increase of aridity in the western and east-central provinces (β~−1 to −2). We conclude that integrating cactus into dryland farming systems and rangelands under changing climate can be one plausible solution to build resilient agro-ecosystems that provide food and fodder while enhancing the availability of ecosystem services.
23
Ayvaz-Çavdaroğlu, Nur. "A multiple criteria decision analysis for agricultural planning of new crop alternatives in Turkey." Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems 40, no. 6 (2021): 10737–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/jifs-201701.
Full textAbstract:
Agriculture is a crucial and strategic sector for developing countries. The agricultural sector in Turkey has been suffering from regression in recent years due to several reasons. In an attempt to reverse this process, we analyze the cultivation possibilities of high profit-margin crops in Turkish lands and develop a ranking among eight alternative crops. To perform a comprehensive analysis encompassing several dimensions, three MCDM methods are utilized; namely fuzzy AHP to determine the weights of evaluation criteria, and TOPSIS and PROMETHEE to develop a ranking among the crop alternatives. The crop alternatives are evaluated against several economic, technical, social and environmental criteria. The results favor the cultivation of soy bean, goji berry and buckwheat, while tamarind appears to be the least favored crop among the considered alternatives. The analysis results are enhanced with a sensitivity analysis.
24
Maat, Harro, and Tinde van Andel. "The history of the rice gene pool in Suriname: circulations of rice and people from the eighteenth century until late twentieth century." Historia Agraria. Revista de agricultura e historia rural 75 (June 1, 2018): 69–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.26882/histagrar.075e04m.
Full textAbstract:
Alongside the trans-Atlantic slave trade, plant species travelled from Africa to the Americas and back. This article examines the emerging rice gene pool in Suriname due to the global circulation of people, plants and goods. We distinguish three phases of circulation, marked by two major transitions. Rice was brought to the Americas by European colonizers, mostly as food on board of slave ships. In Suriname rice started off as a crop grown only by Maroon communities in the forests of the Suriname interior. For these runaway slaves cultivating several types of rice for diverse purposes played an important role in restoring some of their African culture. Rice was an anti-commodity that acted as a signal of protest against the slave-based plantation economy. After the end of slavery, contract labourers recruited from British India and the Dutch Indies also brought rice to Suriname. These groups grew rice as a commodity for internal and global markets. This formed the basis of a second transition, turning rice into an object of scientific research. The last phase of science-driven circulation of rice connected the late-colonial period with the global Green Revolution.
25
Panfilov, Andrey Vladimirovich, Vladimir Petrovich Belogolovtsev, Valery Genadievih Popov, Lyusya Aleksandrovna Ter-Sarkisova, Evgeny Nikolaevich Martynov, and Vyacheslav Vladimirovich Barbashin. "Mineral nutrition in the cultivation of agricultural crops in the crop rotation." Agrarian Scientific Journal, no. 12 (December 16, 2020): 34–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.28983/asj.y2020i12pp34-36.
Full textAbstract:
The article deals with the production of crops in agriculture using mineral nutrition. A fertilizer system that provides high-quality crop yields with the lowest cost per unit of production, steadily increases the fertility of irrigated soils. When developing the issue of crop planning, it is important to establish scientifically based doses of fertilizers. Stable yields of alfalfa are possible under the conditions of irrigation, fertilizers, plant protection products – a high crop of agriculture. An important stabilizing factor in crop irrigation is forest strips that allow you to maintain the timing of irrigation at wind speeds exceeding the permissible values for sprinklers. Optimal seeding rates and design of forest strips for obtaining high yields of alfalfa on irrigation have been established.
26
Charre-Medellín, Juan F., Jean-François Mas, and Laura A. Chang-Martínez. "Potential expansion of Hass avocado cultivation under climate change scenarios threatens Mexican mountain ecosystems." Crop and Pasture Science 72, no. 4 (2021): 291. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/cp20458.
Full textAbstract:
Analysis of potential areas for crop establishment is necessary for sustainable agricultural planning, conservation of natural ecosystems, and achievement of food security’s current global objective. This study aims to model the current potential distribution of the optimal areas for Hass avocado crop in Mexico, along with the likely impact of climate change on the crops and the surrounding mountain ecosystems in the state of Michoacán, the principal producer. The maximum entropy approach was used to model the current and future potential distribution of the avocado using points of presence of avocado cultivation in Mexico and climatic variables under 10 global climate models (GCMs) and three representative concentration pathways (RCPs) from the IPCC. We estimated a current potential area for the establishment of Hass avocado crops in Mexico of 54597 km2, associated with the temperate forests of the Transversal Volcanic Belt and the Sierra Madre del Sur. The loss of area for the establishment of avocado crops in Mexico was 31.1% under the most optimistic scenario, RCP 2.6, whereas 43.0% would be lost under the most pessimistic scenario, RCP 8.5. Currently, the potential distribution for the establishment of Hass avocado crops in the state of Michoacán is 22561 km2. Given optimistic scenarios RCP 2.6 and RCP 8.5 of climate change by 2050, temperate forests mountain would represent 59 and 72.3%, respectively, of the potential area for establishing avocado in the state. Commercial pressure and climate change can lead to forest mountain ecosystem deforestation to establish new avocado crops and exacerbate water resource scarcity problems, jeopardising the entire production system’s sustainability. Territorial planning should prioritise conservation policies to avoid land-use change and establish strategies to maintain avocado crop sustainability in the long-term under climate change scenarios.
27
Singhavara, Montri, Kamoltip Panyasit, and Sakkarin Nonthapot. "Planning rice cultivation in a large plot agricultural system." Decision Science Letters 11, no. 1 (2022): 11–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.5267/j.dsl.2021.10.003.
Full textAbstract:
This research aimed to study the approach of the community toward the decision to grow rice and economic crops, including appropriate resource allocation for use on a farm under a large plot agricultural system. The study areas were in Phan district, Chiang Rai province, Thailand, and the data were collected from a sampling of 400 field agriculturalists. The method used was to develop a mathematical model for growing crops with multi-objectives and in multi-periods, together with an agriculturist representative and experts in multiple-criteria decision-making (MCDM). This was to prioritize the importance of alternative crops and find the appropriate allocation of the resources to achieve the targeted goal. The results showed that agriculturists prioritized most toward the criteria for growing Japanese rice with a weight of 0.179 Kg., followed by transplanted rice, transplanted glutinous rice, garlic, sown paddy rice, and sown glutinous paddy rice, respectively. The study’s results also showed that the price fluctuation of the crop products resulted in more use of land and labor in order to increase the production to compensate for the low price, and this also resulted in the higher opportunity cost of growing transplanted rice. Therefore, growing transplanted rice during in season planting was considered the most effective way, while during the off season, either garlic or Japanese rice could be grown. A collective pattern for planning for using resources together in large plot agricultural areas, together with a clear marketing target would bring about effective use of the resources and reduce the risk in revenue from the fluctuation in prices and uncertainty of yields from drought. Moreover, technology development to solve the problem of the lack of labor would be deemed an important approach toward the enhancement of the competitiveness of agriculturists in the future as well.
28
Deng, Haiyan, Ruifa Hu, Carl Pray, and Yanhong Jin. "Perception and Attitude toward GM Technology among Agribusiness Managers in China as Producers and as Consumers." Sustainability 11, no. 5 (2019): 1342. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11051342.
Full textAbstract:
China is one of the biggest consumers of genetically modified (GM) products, importing maize, soybeans and canola, and producing GM cotton. The cultivation of GM food crop, however, is still not permitted. Many studies argue that consumers’ attitude toward GM food safety is a major barrier to GM food crop production in China. Recent studies suggest that special interest groups such as biotechnology scientists with an economic interest in biotechnology are more supportive of the technology than groups with nothing to gain. Others believe that agribusiness groups influence the debate about GM food production. This is the first study that examined agribusiness managers’ attitudes toward GM biosafety and their support for GM crop production. The sample was 160 firms in the seed, pesticide, feed and food processing industries. We found most agribusiness leaders are concerned about GM food consumption and oppose GM crop production. Using regression models, we found business managers’ attitudes toward GM crop cultivation are more supportive if they expect to profit, if they are already using GM crops in their firm or are doing research on GM crops.
29
Brunelli, Ricardo, and Christian Von Lücken. "Optimal Crops Selection using Multiobjective Evolutionary Algorithms." AI Magazine 30, no. 2 (2009): 96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aimag.v30i2.2212.
Full textAbstract:
Farm managers have to deal with many conflicting objectives when planning which crop to cultivate. Soil characteristics are extremely important when determining yield potential. Fertilization and liming are commonly used to adapt soils to the nutritional requirements of the crops to be cultivated. Planting the crop that will best fit the soil characteristics is an interesting alternative to minimize the need for soil treatment, reducing costs and potential environmental damages. In addition, farmers usually look for investments that offer the greatest potential earnings with the least possible risks. According to the objectives to be considered the crop selection problem may be difficult to solve using traditional tools. Therefore, this work proposes an approach based on Multiobjective Evolutionary Algorithms to help in the selection of an appropriate cultivation plan considering five crop alternatives and five objectives simultaneously.
30
Shiraki, Shutaro, Thin Mar Cho, Yutaka Matsuno, and Yoshiyuki Shinogi. "Evapotranspiration and Crop Coefficient of Ratoon Rice Crop Determined by Water Depth Observation and Bayesian Inference." Agronomy 11, no. 8 (2021): 1573. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11081573.
Full textAbstract:
Actual crop evapotranspiration (ET) and crop coefficient (Kc) of ratoon rice crop, which are necessary for irrigation planning, have been hardly reported. ET can be directly measured by lysimeter and eddy covariance but it is expensive, so it remains difficult to determine ET, especially in developing countries. The focus of this study was to evaluate the ET and Kc of ratoon cropping in a tropical region of Myanmar using a simplified method. Our method combined the manual observation of water depth in concrete paddy tanks and the ET model estimation using Bayesian parameter inference. The ET and Kc could be determined using this method with an incomplete observation dataset. The total ET of ratoon was 60–70% less than that of the main crop, but this difference was mainly attributed to climate conditions in each cultivation. The Kc regression curve between transplanted rice and ratoon crops was different because of the tillering traits. The results suggest that irrigation scheduling of ratoon cropping in the initial growth stage should take high crop water requirements into account. In addition, the productivity of ratoon crop is equivalent to transplanted rice, which was determined for cultivation in experiment conditions of small concrete tanks. Therefore, further study on ratoon in Myanmar is necessary for clarifying the viability of ratoon cropping.
31
Sampath, Prasanna Venkatesh, Gaddam Sai Jagadeesh, and Chandra Sekhar Bahinipati. "Sustainable Intensification of Agriculture in the Context of the COVID-19 Pandemic: Prospects for the Future." Water 12, no. 10 (2020): 2738. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w12102738.
Full textAbstract:
The COVID-19 pandemic is adversely impacting food and nutrition security and requires urgent attention from policymakers. Sustainable intensification of agriculture is one strategy that attempts to increase food production without adversely impacting the environment, by shifting from water-intensive crops to other climate-resistant and nutritious crops. This paper focuses on the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh by studying the impact of shifting 20% of the area under paddy and cotton cultivation to other crops like millets and pulses. Using FAO’s CROPWAT model, along with monsoon forecasts and detailed agricultural data, we simulate the crop water requirements across the study area. We simulate a business-as-usual base case and compare it to multiple crop diversification strategies using various parameters—food, calories, protein production, as well as groundwater and energy consumption. Results from this study indicate that reduced paddy cultivation decreases groundwater and energy consumption by around 9–10%, and a calorie deficit between 4 and 8%—making up this calorie deficit requires a 20–30% improvement in the yields of millets and pulses. We also propose policy interventions to incentivize the cultivation of nutritious and climate-resistant crops as a sustainable strategy towards strengthening food and nutrition security while lowering the environmental footprint of food production.
32
Emami, Farzad, and Manfred Koch. "Agricultural Water Productivity-Based Hydro-Economic Modeling for Optimal Crop Pattern and Water Resources Planning in the Zarrine River Basin, Iran, in the Wake of Climate Change." Sustainability 10, no. 11 (2018): 3953. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su10113953.
Full textAbstract:
For water-stressed regions/countries, like Iran, improving the management of agricultural water-use in the wake of climate change and increasingly unsustainable demands is of utmost importance. One step further is then the maximization of the agricultural economic benefits, by properly adjusting the irrigated crop area pattern to optimally use the limited amount of water available. To that avail, a sequential hydro-economic model has been developed and applied to the agriculturally intensively used Zarrine River Basin (ZRB), Iran. In the first step, the surface and groundwater resources, especially, the inflow to the Boukan Dam, as well as the potential crop yields are simulated using the Soil Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) hydrological model, driven by GCM/QM-downscaled climate predictions for three future 21th-century periods under three climate RCPs. While in all nine combinations consistently higher temperatures are predicted, the precipitation pattern are much more versatile, leading to corresponding changes in the future water yields. Using the basin-wide water management tool MODSIM, the SWAT-simulated water available is then optimally distributed across the different irrigation plots in the ZRB, while adhering to various environmental/demand priority constraints. MODSIM is subsequently coupled with CSPSO to optimize (maximize) the agro-economic water productivity (AEWP) of the various crops and, subsequently, the net economic benefit (NEB), using crop areas as decision variables, while respecting various crop cultivation constraints. Adhering to political food security recommendations for the country, three variants of cereal cultivation area constraints are investigated. The results indicate considerably-augmented AEWPs, resulting in a future increase of the annual NEB of ~16% to 37.4 Million USD for the 65%-cereal acreage variant, while, at the same time, the irrigation water required is reduced by ~38%. This NEB-rise is achieved by augmenting the total future crop area in the ZRB by about 47%—indicating some deficit irrigation—wherefore most of this extension will be cultivated by the high AEWP-yielding crops wheat and barley, at the expense of a tremendous reduction of alfalfa acreage. Though presently making up only small base acreages, depending on the future period/RCP, tomato- and, less so, potato- and sugar beet-cultivation areas will also be increased significantly.
33
Peltonen-Sainio, Pirjo, and Lauri Jauhiainen. "Come Out of a Hiding Place: How Are Cover Crops Allocated on Finnish Farms?" Sustainability 14, no. 5 (2022): 3103. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14053103.
Full textAbstract:
Cover crops (CCs) may provide many ecosystem services for crop production systems, and interest has increased in the cultivation of CCs among Finnish farmers. Piloting farmers applied for agricultural payments to support the cultivation of CCs (AP-CCs) in 2020. Novel data with a total of 34,515 field parcels with CCs from 5747 farms was used to assess how farmers allocated CCs depending on farm and parcel characteristics. Pioneering farmers often had conventional, large farms with cereal areas exceeding 25%, and expertise with special crop(s). Conventional farmers seemed to allocate CCs to large parcels. The allocation of CCs was not solely dictated by cash crops. Cover crops were planted more frequently in parcels close to waterways. Conventional farmers allocated CCs to parcels with a history of highly monotonous cereal sequencing. Hence, farmers seem to benefit from ecosystem services provided by CCs: increasing spatial diversity, reducing the environmental footprint, and improving soil health. This novel understanding is used to support the implementation of CCs beyond pilot farms and to develop a decision support system for their allocation. The ultimate goal is to support a transition towards more sustainable crop production systems with currently underutilized CCs in high-latitude conditions.
34
Mojid, Mohammad A., Farhana Y. Shibly, and Tapos K. Acharjee. "Trends of Water Requirements of Major Crops and Cropping Patterns in Bogura and Rajshahi Districts of Bangladesh." Agricultural Science 2, no. 1 (2020): p170. http://dx.doi.org/10.30560/as.v2n1p170.
Full textAbstract:
Reliable past trends of water requirements of individual crops and cropping patterns at local level, although crucially important for irrigation forecast and agricultural planning, are yet inadequate for the water-scarce Barind region of Bangladesh. This study, therefore, determined water requirements and their trends of eight major crops (aus, aman, boro, vegetables, mustard, sugarcane, wheat and potato) and six cropping patterns (aus–aman–boro, aus–aman–potato, aman–potato–fallow, vegetables–aman, aman–mustard–fallow and aus–fallow–wheat) of Bogura and Rajshahi districts of the Barind region. Water requirements were determined from crop, soil and weather data for the period 1985–2013 by using Soil-Water Balance via CropWat (SWBcropwat) model. Trends of rainfall, crop evapotranspiration (ETc) and irrigation requirement (IR) were determined with MAKESENS statistical tool. Monthly total rainfall revealed increasing trend in January, August and October but decreasing trend in the other months, with significant (p£0.05) trend in July in Bogura. Monthly total ETc decreased except in July and September, with significant trend in October–April/May. Seasonal ETc for the crops decreased significantly except for aman rice and sugarcane in Bogura and for aman rice in Rajshahi. ETc also decreased for the cropping patterns except for aman–mustard–fallow in Rajshahi. While effective rainfall (ER) for the crops and cropping patterns decreased only minimally, IR decreased significantly for boro, potato and vegetables in Bogura and for mustard and vegetables in Rajshahi. IR decreased for all cropping patterns, with significant trend for aus–aman–potato, aman–potato–fallow and vegetables–aman patterns. In response to changing cropping area, total volume of ETc increased gradually from 1985 to 2005 in Bogura and from 1985 to 2010 in Rajshahi for boro rice, but it decreased until 2005 before increasing for aus rice in both districts. After the year 2000, total volume of ETc decreased for wheat but increased for potato, indicating a shift from wheat to potato cultivation. Due to contrasting trends of ER and ETc and self-motivated shift in crop-choice, continuous adjustment of irrigation-based crop planning is necessary. The results of this study can guide future investigation for all other crops and cropping patterns to help planning agriculture of the study areas by choosing appropriate crops and cropping patterns based on available water resources.
35
Hong Diep, Nguyen Thi, Phan Ky Trung, Dinh Thi Cam Nhung, Nguyen Thi Thanh Huong, Pham Thanh Vu, and Le Anh Tuan. "Adaptation to saline intrusion for agriculture farming transformation in the coastal Ben Tre province, Vietnam." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 964, no. 1 (2022): 012019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/964/1/012019.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract This study aimed to evaluate the adaptive capacity (AC) of agriculture farming transformation to improve for the adaptability by saline intrusion of those culture systems in the coastal Ben Tre province. The primary data was collected by questionnaires in three coastal districts of Ba Tri, Thanh Phu and Binh Dai with 178 households to distribute on agriculture land use transformations. An Object-Based Image Analysis (OBIA) and multi-temporal image analysis approach was developed to detect how LULC changes during 2010-2020 in the coastal Ben Tre province using Landsat TM and OLI data. The MODIS (MOD09 8-day reflectance) data was processed into monthly NDVI maps with the Time Series Product Tool software package and then used to classify regionally common rice crops LULC types using unsupervised classification by ISODATA algorithm. Based on primary data collection, evaluating adaptation measures was assessed the compilation of modification options based on a detailed description and criteria including human, society, infrastructure and natural conditions by standardized a weight ranges of adaptive indicators in the agriculture land use changes. The results detected five agriculture land use transformation including rice-shrimp crop rotation to aquaculture, single rice crop to aquaculture, double rice crop to perennial plant/orchards, double rice crop to rice-shrimp crop rotation, and triple rice crop to double rice crop. The adaptability of these transformations conducted the shrimp-rice crop rotation to aquaculture in Binh Dai of strongly high adaptability. Next is followed by double rice crops to orchards and double rice crops to rice-shrimp crop rotation with high adaptability while the rice-shrimp crop rotation to aquaculture is only moderate in Thanh Phu. The low adaptability levels were identified on single rice crop to aquaculture and triple rice crop to double rice crop transformations due to tolerant condition of saltwater for rice crop cultivation. The studies results can further contribute to support adaptation planning in these sectors by using, developing and streamlining this framework to additional and different socio-ecological contexts.
36
R, R. Kiran Kumar, and K. Anji Reddy. "APPLICATIONS OF MACHINE LEARNING TECHNIQUES TO GENERATE CROP PREDICTIONS WITH BETTER PRECISION." ECS Transactions 107, no. 1 (2022): 19919–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/10701.19919ecst.
Full textAbstract:
In most parts of India, agriculture has become a risky business and farmers suffer a lot due to unpredictable yield. The risk is mainly due to availability of water resources for cultivation and getting profitable prices in market. Prices alter between very high and very low, so crop planning has become very important for farmers to minimize the losses. Machine learning techniques can help to understand the under laying patterns from mass data and this patterns can be used to help farmers for crop planning, also it would reduce the risk of crop failure and guarantee a maximum profit for farmers to sustain their livelihood. But human knowledge cultivation is not sufficient to cater for the demanding need due to the rapid growth in the world's human population. In order to address this problem, this paper has studied the use of machine learning tools. It experimented with more than 0,3 million data. This dataset identifies key parameters of cultivation collected from the Bangladesh Agriculture Department. This study compared the number of machine learning algorithms to neural networks.
37
Khafajeh, H., A. Banakar, S. Minaei, and M. Delavar. "Evaluation of AquaCrop model of cucumber under greenhouse cultivation." Journal of Agricultural Science 158, no. 10 (2020): 845–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021859621000472.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractWater consumption in agriculture is impossible without considering relations between water, soil and plant. In this regard, there are various models and developed software in order to evaluate relation between soil, water and crop growth stages. These models can be used for irrigation planning if properly optimized and applied. AquaCrop is one of the known crop models, which was developed by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. In order to optimize this model for crop production and irrigation management, an experiment was developed in a hydroponic cucumber greenhouse. Various parameters including water consumption volume, crop yield and leaf area index were measured during a season. A fuzzy control system was utilized for controlling temperature, relative humidity, planting bed moisture, light intensity and carbon dioxide values. The main purpose of designing a control system in the greenhouse is to achieve the desired values of temperature and relative humidity. In this model, evapotranspiration, irrigation requirements and crop yield were simulated. The results show that the AquaCrop model can estimate evapotranspiration with the least error in the greenhouse environment, which is controlled by a fuzzy controller. Also the system has estimated the crop yield and biomass of the product with a good degree of precision and it may support crop production in a greenhouse, including crop management and environmental control.
38
Teshome, Helen, Kindie Tesfaye, Nigussie Dechassa, Tamado Tana, and Matthew Huber. "Smallholder Farmers’ Perceptions of Climate Change and Adaptation Practices for Maize Production in Eastern Ethiopia." Sustainability 13, no. 17 (2021): 9622. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13179622.
Full textAbstract:
Climate change and variability is affecting maize (Zea mays L.) production in eastern Ethiopia but how farmers perceive the challenge and respond to it is not well documented. A study was conducted to analyze smallholder maize farmers’ perception of climate change/variability and identify their adaptation approaches and barriers for adaptation in the eastern highlands of Ethiopia. Meteorological data were assessed to provide evidence of the perceived change. A survey was conducted in six major maize-producing kebeles with a total of 364 respondents. A multi-stage sampling method was employed for selecting the sample units for the study. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and a multinomial logit model. The results indicated that 78% of the sampled smallholder maize farmers perceived increasing temperatures while 83% perceived decreasing amounts of rainfall. About 75% of the farmers indicated that they became aware of climate change and variability from their own experience and perceived deforestation as the main cause. The farmers perceived that drought, diseases and pests, dwindling soil fertility, and declining crop yields were the major impacts of climate change that affected maize production. The farmers’ major adaptation practices include adjusting planting dates, using improved maize varieties, intercropping, recommended mineral fertilizers, supplementary irrigation, and soil and water conservation measures. Econometric analysis revealed that low educational level, shortage of land, large family sizes, age, lack of access to irrigation water, lack of access to credit, and lack of access to extension services were the most important barriers to climate change adaptation in the area. It is concluded that farmers cultivating maize in the study area have perceived climate change and use certain adaptation strategies to counter its negative impacts on maize production. This implies that policies should be geared towards strengthening farmers’ efforts to adapt to climate change and alleviate the existing barriers in promoting adaptation strategies for enhancing the productivity of maize.
39
Saeidian, B., M. Saadi Mesgari, and M. Ghodousi. "OPTIMUM ALLOCATION OF WATER TO THE CULTIVATION FARMS USING GENETIC ALGORITHM." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XL-1-W5 (December 11, 2015): 631–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsarchives-xl-1-w5-631-2015.
Full textAbstract:
The water scarcity crises in the world and specifically in Iran, requires the proper management of this valuable resource. According to the official reports, around 90 percent of the water in Iran is used for agriculture. Therefore, the adequate management and usage of water in this section can help significantly to overcome the above crises. The most important aspect of agricultural water management is related to the irrigation planning, which is basically an allocation problem. The proper allocation of water to the farms is not a simple and trivial problem, because of the limited amount of available water, the effect of different parameters, nonlinear characteristics of the objective function, and the wideness of the solution space. Usually To solve such complex problems, a meta-heuristic method such as genetic algorithm could be a good candidate.<br><br> In this paper, Genetic Algorithm (GA) is used for the allocation of different amount of water to a number of farms. In this model, the amount of water transferable using canals of level one, in one period of irrigation is specified. In addition, the amount of water required by each farm is calculated using crop type, stage of crop development, and other parameters. Using these, the water production function of each farm is determined. Then, using the water production function, farm areas, and the revenue and cost of each crop type, the objective function is calculated. This objective function is used by GA for the allocation of water to the farms. The objective function is defined such that the economical profit extracted from all farms is maximized. Moreover, the limitation related to the amount of available water is considered as a constraint. In general, the total amount of allocated water should be less than the finally available water (the water transferred trough the level one canals). Because of the intensive scarcity of water, the deficit irrigation method are considered. In this method, the planning is on the basis of the optimum and limited allocation of water, and not on the basis of the each crop water requirement. According to the available literature, in the condition of water scarcity, the implementation of deficit irrigation strategy results in higher economical income. <br><br> The main difference of this research with others is the allocation of water to the farms. Whilst, most of similar researches concentrate on the allocation of water to different water consumption sections (such as agriculture, industry etc.), networks and crops.<br><br> Using the GA for the optimization of the water allocation, proper solutions were generated that maximize the total economical income in the entire study area. In addition, although the search space was considerably wide, the results of the implementation showed an adequate convergence speed. The repeatability test of the algorithm also proved that the algorithm is reasonably stable. In general the usage of GA algorithm can be considered as an efficient and trustable method for such irrigation planning problems.<br><br> By optimum allocation of the water to the farms with different areas and crop types, and considering the deficit irrigation method, the general income of the entire area can be improved substantially.
40
Sulyok, Dénes, and Tamás Rátonyi. "The Role of the 4M-ECO Agrieconomical Modell in the Crop Cultivation." Acta Agraria Debreceniensis, no. 13 (May 4, 2004): 170–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.34101/actaagrar/13/3406.
Full textAbstract:
Today, c for agricultural use are of ever increasing significance. These provide an opportunity for more accurate planning, and favourably influence the efficiency and economic performance of given enterprise. The relevant literature divides models according to various criteria. The most common is the division between optimising and non-optimising models. Non-optimising models generally endeavour to make the best use of technological lines, machine capacity, while optimising models are used to optimise revenue returns from sales or, occasionally, production costs. In our case, revenue and returns from sales were optimised. The models examined consist of several modules. Which include the following: plant cultivation modules, evaluations (assessment of situation, conception plan, complex corporate evaluation), supplementary sheets (sheets and charts for ancillary plant production, general costs of operation, summary and crops structure optimisation). With the help of the model, annual a particular can be made for an optimal crop structure the resources of the enterprise. This it becomes possible to define the largest net revenue on a corporate level.
41
Mutmaidah, Siti. "POTENSI TANAMAN PANGAN DAN PERKEBUNAN UNTUK PENGEMBANGAN WILAYAH KABUPATEN KEPAHIANG." JSEP (Journal of Social and Agricultural Economics) 11, no. 3 (2018): 22. http://dx.doi.org/10.19184/jsep.v11i3.8163.
Full textAbstract:
This study aims to determine the regional leading sector of Kepahiang Regency as the information and considerations in planning economic development. Secondary data such as time series of the Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP) of Kepahiang and Bengkulu in the period 2011-2014 are applied. Klassen Typology and Location Quotient (LQ) are tools of analysis. The results of the analysis based on two analysis tools indicate that the leading sector with the criterias developed, base, and competitive is agricultural sector. The results showed that the agricultural sector can be used as a leading sector in Kepahiang Regency with criteria of the advanced sector and grow rapidly and is the base sector. Seberang Musi Sub-district has the most potential for cultivation of food crops and plantations with 13 commodities that become the base sector. For the specialization of food crop base sector is Kaba wetan Subdistrict with 5 commodities with base criteria and for plantation crops Merigi and Seberang Musi subdistricts with 9 commodities crops.
42
Gureev, Ivan. "IMPROVEMENT OF WORKING UNITS FOR STRIP-TILL TECHNOLOGY." Vestnik of Kazan State Agrarian University 15, no. 3 (2020): 77–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/2073-0462-2020-77-83.
Full textAbstract:
When cultivating agricultural crops in the system of soil-protective ecologically safe farming, the Strip-Till technology is effective, which allows you to cultivate the soil in strips in the zone of rows and thereby limit the area of the field subject to loosening. The required indicators for loosening the strips in one pass are achieved by the milling tools. Their disadvantage is increased energy consumption. The purpose of the research is to improve the working units of soil-cultivating cutters for strip tillage in the direction of reducing energy consumption. An innovative milling cutter with different-sized knives has been created, which allows, while maintaining a given quality of soil crumbling, reducing the intensity of excessive grinding of the lower part of the milled layer to small erosive hazardous particles. On soil with a moisture content of 21% and a hardness of 1.6 MPa, comparative tests of the innovative and basic cutters were carried out. In the tests, the factors were changed - the depth of processing was in the range of 8-12 cm and the forward speed was from 0.61 to 1.09 m/s. The test results were presented in the form of mathematical models of the relationship of variable factors with the energy intensity of soil milling with innovative and basic structures. In accordance with the method of optimal planning of a multifactorial experiment, a central orthogonal compositional plan was used. An experiment-planning matrix was drawn up for each of the tested structures. With two factors, it contains a core for 2 × 2 = 4 experiments, four star points and one central experiment. By comparing the models, an average reduction of 15.8% in the energy intensity of strip milling of the soil with the use of innovations with the same quality of soil crumbling was established. This allows us to recommend the innovation for use as part of a complex of soil cultivation and seeding machines for cultivation of crops using Strip-Till technology
43
Argaw, Mesele Damte, Asfawesen GebreYohannes Woldegiorgis, Habtamu Aderaw Workineh, et al. "Access to malaria prevention and control interventions among seasonal migrant workers: A multi-region formative assessment in Ethiopia." PLOS ONE 16, no. 2 (2021): e0246251. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0246251.
Full textAbstract:
Background Mobile or seasonal migrant workers are at increased risk for acquiring malaria infections and can be the primary source of malaria reintroduction into receptive areas. The aim of this formative assessment was to describe access to malaria prevention and control interventions among seasonal migrant or mobile workers in seven regional states of Ethiopia. Methods A cross-sectional formative assessment was conducted using a qualitative and quantitative mixed-method design, between October 2015 and October 2016. Quantitative data were collected from organizations that employ seasonal migrant workers and were analyzed using Microsoft Excel and ArcGIS 10.8 (Geo-spatial data). Qualitative data were collected using in-depth interview from 23 key informants (7 seasonal migrant workers, and 16 experts and managers of development projects who had hired seasonal migrant workers), which were recorded, transcribed, translated, coded, and thematically analyzed. Results There were 1,017,888 seasonal migrant workers employed in different developmental organizations including large-scale crop cultivating farms, sugar cane plantations, horticulture, road and house construction work, and gold mining and panning. Seasonal migrant workers’ housing facilities were poorly structured and overcrowded (30 people living per 64 square meter room) limiting the use of indoor residual spraying (IRS), and forcing seasonal migrant workers not to use long lasting insecticidal treated nets (LLINs). Seasonal migrant workers are engaged in nighttime activities when employment includes watering farmlands, harvesting sesame, and transporting sugar cane from the field to factories. Despite such high-risk living conditions, access and utilization of preventive and curative services by the seasonal workers were limited. Informal migrant worker employment systems by development organizations and inadequate technical and financial support coupled with poor supply chain management limited the planning and delivery of malaria prevention and treatment strategies targeting seasonal migrant workers. Conclusions Seasonal migrant workers in seven regions of Ethiopia were at substantial risk of acquiring malaria. Existing malaria prevention, control and management interventions were inadequate. This will contribute to the resurgence of outbreaks of malaria in areas where transmission has been lowered. A coordinated action is needed among all stakeholders to identify the size of seasonal migrant workers and develop and implement a comprehensive strategy to address their healthcare needs.
44
DAS, H. P., and S. B. GAONKAR. "Impact of weather on lowland rice cultivation and planning decisions over humid tropical India." MAUSAM 51, no. 3 (2021): 261–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.54302/mausam.v51i3.1784.
Full textAbstract:
The present study investigates the effect of the climatic environment on three different varieties of paddy. Crop coefficient in different stages of growth, the consumptive uses and radiation use efficiency has been determined and discussed in each case. Ideal date which could give optimum yield, has been determined in two varieties. The yield was correlated with weather parameters for each of the phases of the crop growth by forward ranking method and a statistical prediction model developed. Path analysis was applied to the predictors thus selected and direct and indirect contribution of the predictors to yield determined and discussed.
45
Agafonova, Ludmila, Aldis Jansons, and Sarmīte Rancāne. "EFFICIENCY OF CULTIVATION OF CEREAL - PAPILIONACEOUS MIXTURES IN ORGANIC FARMING CONDITIONS." Environment. Technology. Resources. Proceedings of the International Scientific and Practical Conference 1 (August 3, 2015): 107. http://dx.doi.org/10.17770/etr2009vol1.1085.
Full textAbstract:
Cultivation of cereal-papilionaceous grass crop mixtures allows for more substantial use of soil fertility and higher harvests than in case of homogeneous sowings. In mixed sowings, legume crops do not lodge; photosynthesis and nitrogenous fixation conditions are better; losses of harvest are lower. Our research is directed to examination of interrelations between peas, spring wheat and spring barley, as well as to high harvests, balanced in proteins and amino acids. Experiments were conducted in 2007-2008 in Skriveri, Latvia at the Research Institute of Agriculture. In the issue of studies established that not only has legume component increased cereals capacity, it has also improved its quality. Thus, conducted field experiments showed high efficiency of use of mixed cereal- legume mixtures, which becomes apparent in higher levels of farming productivity. The best indices in organic field conditions had mixtures of peas (20%), spring barley (40%) and spring wheat (40%), where noted high harvest and high content of protein, balanced in amino acids. Therefore, in planning cereal- legume agrophytocenosis, one should use three components: peas, spring barley and spring wheat.
46
Suvanto, Hannele, Jarkko K. Niemi, and Merja Lähdesmäki. "Entrepreneurial identity and farmers' protein crop cultivation choices." Journal of Rural Studies 75 (April 2020): 174–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jrurstud.2020.01.022.
Full text
47
Bassett, Thomas J. "Breaking up the bottlenecks in food-crop and cotton cultivation in northern Côte d'Ivoire." Africa 58, no. 2 (1988): 147–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1160659.
Full textAbstract:
IntroductionIt is widely recognised that seasonal labour bottlenecks present major obstacles to peasant farmers seeking to expand agricultural output in sub-Saharan Africa. Evidence from Nigeria and Sierra Leone, for example, reveals that labour shortages and limited income to hire off-farm labour have historically constrained rural producers from intensifying and enlarging their agricultural operations (Norman et al., 1979: 42–7; Watts, 1983: 202–3; Richards, 1985: 96). Many attempts by colonial and contemporary African States to promote food crop and export crop production failed, in part, because of peasant resistance to the threat of subsistence insecurity associated with labour conflicts in the agricultural calendar. Richards's (1986) study of the failure of a series of labour-intensive wet rice cultivation projects in central Sierra Leone illustrates the degree to which peasant agricultural practices represent adjustments to labour-supply problems. Given the pervasiveness and importance of seasonal labour constraints in African agricultural systems, it is surprising that ‘few studies have provided insights into the adjustment in labor use resulting from the introduction of cash crops and new technologies’ (Eicher and Baker, 1982: 99).
48
Santos, Geise Macedo dos, Gisele Cemin, Taison Anderson Bortolin, and Vania Elisabete Schneider. "Edaphoclimatic Zoning: Methodology and Application to Apple Cultivation in a Brazilian Watershed." Revista Brasileira de Cartografia 72, no. 2 (2020): 190–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.14393/rbcv72n2-48890.
Full textAbstract:
The planning of land use and occupation is essential when it comes to seeking the best results in view of socioeconomic and environmental sustainability. In this context, Geographic Information Systems are tools that allow, through mapping, to identify physical and climatic characteristics aiming at the best result for a particular crop, which characterizes the edaphoclimatic zoning. This article aimed to elaborate and apply a methodology to create an edaphoclimatic zoning, focused on apple cultivation, having as study unit, the hydrographic basin of the Socorro River, located in countryside of the municipality of Vacaria, Brazil. Water demand and winter rest were considered as climatic parameters and pedology, areas of permanent preservation, and land use slope as physical parameters, obtaining a map with the representation of suitable and restricted areas. The results showed about 80% of the hydrographic basin corresponding to areas suitable for apple cultivation. The proposed methodology can be applied to other regions and other crops, thus supporting decision-making regarding land use and occupation, sensitivities and potenciality.
49
Sharififar, Amin, Hadi Ghorbani, and Haji Karimi. "Integrated Land Evaluation for Sustainable Agricultural Production by Using Analytical Hierarchy Process." Agriculture (Pol'nohospodárstvo) 59, no. 3 (2013): 131–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/agri-2013-0012.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract This study discusses sustainable agricultural production by land evaluation based on a multiple criteria approach. The study was carried out in the Bastam region located at the north Shahrood township of Semnan Province in the northeast of Iran. Soil, landscape and climatic data were collected to assess the study area based on its capability for cultivation of apple, tomato, wheat and white potato. Making the final decision for growing the most appropriate crop was based upon three criteria: (1) the physical suitability of the study area for crop cultivation; (2) environmental consideration; (3) economic benefit accruing from the production of each crop. The results of the assessment of the above criteria were incorporated using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) technique. Ultimately, wheat was found to be the most suitable crop for cultivation considering all the criteria in the study area. This study, therefore, was a step taken towards promoting sustainable agriculture by trying to introduce as efficient an approach as possible in land use planning, and selecting the most sustainable ways to put the land to optimum use.
50
Nilsson, Daniel, and Håkan Rosenqvist. "Profitability of Crop Cultivation in Small Arable Fields When Taking Economic Values of Ecosystem Services into Account." Sustainability 13, no. 23 (2021): 13354. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su132313354.
Full textAbstract:
Small arable fields are beneficial with regard to ecosystem services, e.g., concerning biodiversity. By selecting appropriate crops and cultivation practices, arable fields can also be used as carbon sinks. The objectives of this study were to investigate what impact field conditions (e.g., field size and shape) and payments (subsidies) for environmental benefits have on profitability. A dynamic simulation model was used to simulate machine operations in fields of two different shapes and five different sizes (from 0.75 to 12.00 ha). A wide range of crops cultivated in Sweden were investigated (fallow land and plantation of Norway spruce were also included). A perimeter-based subsidy was suggested in order to conserve and promote biodiversity, and an area- and crop-based subsidy was suggested in order to promote sequestration of soil organic carbon (SOC). The results showed that, without financial support and from a purely economic point of view, most field types investigated should be planted with Norway spruce. With currently available subsidies, e.g., EU Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) direct payments, hybrid aspen, poplar, fallow, and extensive ley cultivation are the most profitable crops. Perimeter-based subsidies favoured the net gain for small fields. As expected, a subsidy for sequestration of SOC favoured cultivation of specific SOC-sequestering crops such as ley, willow, and poplar. Our recommendation for future studies is to investigate a well-balanced combination of perimeter-based support and SOC sequestration support that benefits biodiversity and climate under different cultivation conditions.