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Journal articles on the topic 'Crop residue management Australia'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 19 February 2022

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1

Blair, Graeme J., Les Chapman, A. M. Whitbread, B. Ball-Coelho, P. Larsen, and H. Tiessen. "Soil carbon changes resulting from sugarcane trash management at two locations in Queensland, Australia, and in North-East Brazil." Soil Research 36, no. 6 (1998): 873. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/s98021.

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Sugarcane cropping produces a large amount of crop residues, which offers considerable scope for residue management. Soil samples, collected from 2 long-term experiments in Australia and an experiment in Pernambuco State, Brazil, were analysed for total carbon (CT) and for labile carbon (CL) by oxidation with 333 mM KMnO4. At the 2 locations in Australia, CT and CL concentrations were lower in the surface layer (0-1 cm) of the cropped soil compared with a nearby uncropped reference soil. Burning resulted in a greater loss in CT and CL at a depth of 0-1 cm than green cane trash management. At o

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2

Unkovich, Murray, Jeff Baldock, and Steve Marvanek. "Which crops should be included in a carbon accounting system for Australian agriculture?" Crop and Pasture Science 60, no. 7 (2009): 617. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/cp08428.

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Dryland agriculture is both a potential source and potential sink for CO2 and other greenhouse gases. Many carbon accounting systems apply simple emissions factors to production units to estimate greenhouse gas (GHG) fluxes. However, in Australia, substantial variation in climate, soils, and management across >20 Mha of field crop sowings and >30 Mha of sown pastures in the intensive land use zone, provides substantial challenges for a national carbon accounting system, and simple emission factors are unlikely to apply across the region. In Australia a model framework has been developed

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3

Bailey, P., and J. Comery. "Management of Heliothis punctigera on field peas in south-eastern Australia." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 27, no. 3 (1987): 439. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea9870439.

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Cypermethrin was found to be an effective substitute for DDT in controlling Heliothis punctigera in field peas. A single spray of cypermethrin prevented significant damage by larvae to field peas in trials in South Australia and Victoria over 3 seasons. Endosulfan was not as effective as cypermethrin. Bioassays of leaf discs dipped in cypermethrin showed that residues of 0.1 mg a.i. kg-1 caused 50% feeding inhibition, 0.43 mg a.i. kg-1 caused 90% feeding inhibition and concentrations above this caused increasing acute mortality to fourth instar larvae. Residues from field pea crops sprayed at

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4

Kirkegaard, J. A., S. J. Sprague, P. J. Hamblin, J. M. Graham, and J. M. Lilley. "Refining crop and livestock management for dual-purpose spring canola (Brassica napus)." Crop and Pasture Science 63, no. 5 (2012): 429. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/cp12163.

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Dual-purpose canola (Brassica napus) describes the use of a canola crop for grazed winter forage before seed production, a practice that has only recently been developed in southern Australia. Long-season winter canola has been grazed without yield penalty in higher rainfall zones of Australia (>650 mm) and the USA, but the potential areas are small. The feasibility to graze spring canola varieties across wider areas of the medium-rainfall (450–650 mm), mixed-farming zone in Australia is therefore of interest. We conducted a series of six field experiments involving a range of canola cultiv

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5

Hunt, J. R., C. Browne, T. M. McBeath, K. Verburg, S. Craig, and A. M. Whitbread. "Summer fallow weed control and residue management impacts on winter crop yield though soil water and N accumulation in a winter-dominant, low rainfall region of southern Australia." Crop and Pasture Science 64, no. 9 (2013): 922. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/cp13237.

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The majority of rain used by winter grain crops in the Mallee region of Victoria, Australia, falls during the cooler months of the year (April–October). However, rain falling during the summer fallow period (November–March) and stored as soil moisture contributes to grain yield. Strategies to better capture and store summer fallow rain include (i) retention of crop residues on the soil surface to improve water infiltration and evaporation; and (ii) chemical or mechanical control of summer fallow weeds to reduce transpiration. Despite the widespread adoption of no-till farming systems in the re

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Anderson, W. K., M. A. Hamza, D. L. Sharma, M. F. D'Antuono, F. C. Hoyle, N. Hill, B. J. Shackley, M. Amjad, and C. Zaicou-Kunesch. "The role of management in yield improvement of the wheat crop—a review with special emphasis on Western Australia." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 56, no. 11 (2005): 1137. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar05077.

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Modern bread wheat (Triticum aestivum) has been well adapted for survival and production in water-limited environments since it was first domesticated in the Mediterranean basin at least 8000 years ago. Adaptation to various environments has been assisted through selection and cross-breeding for traits that contribute to high and stable yield since that time. Improvements in crop management aimed at improving yield and grain quality probably developed more slowly but the rate of change has accelerated in recent decades. Many studies have shown that the contribution to increased yield from impr

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Jacob, Helen Spafford, David M. Minkey, Robert S. Gallagher, and Catherine P. Borger. "Variation in postdispersal weed seed predation in a crop field." Weed Science 54, no. 1 (February 2006): 148–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1614/ws-05-075r.1.

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Postdispersal weed seed predation by animals during the summer fallow period may lead to a reduction in the number of weeds that grow in the following winter cropping season. In this study, we investigated the patterns of weed seed removal, the influence of crop residue cover on seed removal, the types of granivores present and their seed preferences in a 16-ha postharvest cropping field in Western Australia during the summer months over 2 yr. Seed removal from caches was extremely variable (from 0 to 100%). Removal rates were generally highest along the edges of the field near bordering veget

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8

Lyon, Drew J., David R. Huggins, and John F. Spring. "Windrow Burning Eliminates Italian Ryegrass (Lolium perenne ssp. multiflorum) Seed Viability." Weed Technology 30, no. 1 (March 2016): 279–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1614/wt-d-15-00118.1.

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Windrow burning is one of several harvest weed seed control strategies that have been developed and evaluated in Australia to address the widespread evolution of multiple herbicide resistance in annual weeds. Herbicide-resistant Italian ryegrass populations are common in the Palouse region of eastern Washington and northern Idaho. Field and greenhouse studies were conducted to evaluate the effects of burning standing stubble and narrow windrows on the survival of Italian ryegrass seed on the soil surface and to determine the amount of crop residue remaining after both practices. Italian ryegra

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Mahajan, Gulshan, Amar Matloob, Michael Walsh, and Bhagirath S. Chauhan. "Germination Ecology of Two Australian Populations of African turnipweed (Sisymbrium thellungii)." Weed Science 66, no. 6 (September 14, 2018): 752–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/wsc.2018.55.

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AbstractAfrican turnipweed (Sisymbrium thellungiiO. E.Schulz) is an emerging problematic broadleaf weed of the northern grain region of Australia. Laboratory experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of temperature, light, salinity, pH, seed burial depth, and the amount of wheat crop residue on germination and emergence of two AustralianS. thellungiiweed populations (population C, cropped area; population F, fence line). Both populations behaved similarly across different environmental conditions, except in the residue study. Although the seeds of both populations ofS. thellungiicould

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Robertson, Fiona, Roger Armstrong, Debra Partington, Roger Perris, Ivanah Oliver, Colin Aumann, Doug Crawford, and David Rees. "Effect of cropping practices on soil organic carbon: evidence from long-term field experiments in Victoria, Australia." Soil Research 53, no. 6 (2015): 636. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sr14227.

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Despite considerable research, predicting how soil organic carbon (SOC) in grain production systems will respond to conservation management practices, such as reduced tillage, residue retention and alternative rotations, remains difficult because of the slowness of change and apparent site specificity of the effects. We compared SOC stocks (equivalent soil mass to ~0–0.3 m depth) under various tillage, residue management and rotation treatments in three long-term (12-, 28- and 94-year-old) field experiments in two contrasting environments (Mallee and Wimmera regions). Our hypotheses were that

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Robertson, M. J., G. J. Rebetzke, and R. M. Norton. "Assessing the place and role of crop simulation modelling in Australia." Crop and Pasture Science 66, no. 9 (2015): 877. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/cp14361.

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Computer-based crop simulation models (CSMs) are well entrenched as tools for a wide variety of research, development and extension applications. Despite this, critics remain and there are perceptions that CSMs have not contributed to impacts on-farm or in the research community, particularly with plant breeding. This study reviewed the literature, interviewed 45 stakeholders (modellers, institutional representatives and clients of modelling), and analysed the industry-funded project portfolio to ascertain the current state of use of CSMs in the grains industry in Australia, including scientif

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Angus, J. F., T. P. Bolger, J. A. Kirkegaard, and M. B. Peoples. "Nitrogen mineralisation in relation to previous crops and pastures." Soil Research 44, no. 4 (2006): 355. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sr05138.

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Most of the nitrogen (N) used by Australian crops is mineralised from the residues of previous crops and pastures. Net N mineralisation was studied in 2 field experiments in southern NSW, one comparing different residue-management and tillage systems during continuous cropping and the other comparing residues of annual and perennial pastures in a pasture–crop system. After 14 years of continuous cropping, soil total N concentration had decreased by 50%. Neither stubble retention nor direct drilling affected potential N mineralisation or the decrease in total N. However, soil mineral N in the f

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13

Silsbury, JH. "Grain yield of wheat in rotation with pea, vetch or medic grown with three systems of management." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 30, no. 5 (1990): 645. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea9900645.

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Pea (Pisum sativum L. cv. Alma), vetch (Vicia sativa L. cv. Languedoc) and annual medic (Medicago truncatula Gaertn. cv. Paraggio) were grown at Brinkworth, South Australia, in 1987 in large (0.75 ha) plots and subjected to 3 systems of management: (i) ploughing in at flowering as a green manure crop, (ii) harvesting for grain and ploughing in the dry residues, and (iii) harvesting for grain and removing the residues. A wheat crop was sown over the whole area in the following season (1988) and the effects of type of legume and management on grain yield and grain protein content were measured.

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Bhathal, J. S., and R. Loughman. "Ability of retained stubble to carry-over leaf diseases of wheat in rotation crops." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 41, no. 5 (2001): 649. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea00134.

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Increasingly, wheat rotations on sand-plain soils in Western Australia are being managed with stubble retention practices for reasons of moisture and soil conservation. A major concern in stubble retention practices is an associated increase in risk from septoria nodorum blotch (Phaeosphaeria nodorum) and yellow spot (Pyrenophora tritici-repentis). These pathogens frequently occur together in the region and survive in crop surface residues. The amount of disease carry-over on stubble is an important determinant of the severity of leaf diseases during the entire crop season. To provide a ration

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15

Abdallah, Ahmed M., Hanuman S. Jat, Madhu Choudhary, Emad F. Abdelaty, Parbodh C. Sharma, and Mangi L. Jat. "Conservation Agriculture Effects on Soil Water Holding Capacity and Water-Saving Varied with Management Practices and Agroecological Conditions: A Review." Agronomy 11, no. 9 (August 24, 2021): 1681. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11091681.

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Improving soil water holding capacity (WHC) through conservation agriculture (CA)-practices, i.e., minimum mechanical soil disturbance, crop diversification, and soil mulch cover/crop residue retention, could buffer soil resilience against climate change. CA-practices could increase soil organic carbon (SOC) and alter pore size distribution (PSD); thus, they could improve soil WHC. This paper aims to review to what extent CA-practices can influence soil WHC and water-availability through SOC build-up and the change of the PSD. In general, the sequestered SOC due to the adoption of CA does not

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16

Bell, M., N. Seymour, G. R. Stirling, A. M. Stirling, L. Van Zwieten, T. Vancov, G. Sutton, and P. Moody. "Impacts of management on soil biota in Vertosols supporting the broadacre grains industry in northern Australia." Soil Research 44, no. 4 (2006): 433. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sr05137.

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The grain-producing regions of northern New South Wales and southern and central Queensland are characterised by cropping systems that are strongly dependent on stored soil moisture rather than in-crop rainfall, and tillage systems that are increasingly reliant on zero or minimum tillage. Crops are grown relatively infrequently and crop rotations are dominated by winter and summer grains (wheat [Triticum aestivum L.] and sorghum [Sorghum bicolor L. Moench], respectively), with smaller areas of grain legumes and cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.). The grey, black, and brown Vertosols represent the

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17

Kleemann, Samuel G. L., Christopher Preston, and Gurjeet S. Gill. "Influence of Management on Long-Term Seedbank Dynamics of Rigid Ryegrass (Lolium rigidum) in Cropping Systems of Southern Australia." Weed Science 64, no. 2 (June 2016): 303–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1614/ws-d-15-00119.1.

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A field study was undertaken to investigate the influence of different management strategies on rigid ryegrass plant density and seedbank dynamics over 4 yr. Even though weed seedbank declined by 86% after oaten hay in year 1, the residual seedbank enabled rigid ryegrass to reinfest field peas the next year, and the population rebounded sharply when weed control relied solely on PPI trifluralin. However, use of POST clethodim followed by crop-topping for seed-set prevention of rigid ryegrass in field pea was highly effective and caused a further decline in the weed seedbank. Integration of eff

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18

Shabbir, Asad, Bhagirath S. Chauhan, and Michael J. Walsh. "Biology and management of Echinochloa colona and E. crus-galli in the northern grain regions of Australia." Crop and Pasture Science 70, no. 11 (2019): 917. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/cp19261.

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Echinochloa colona and E. crus-galli are two important annual grass weeds distributed throughout the summer cropping regions of Australia. Both species are highly problematic weeds, responsible for yield losses of up to 50% in summer grain crops. The success of Echinochloa species as weeds is attributed to their rapid growth, prolific seed production, seed dormancy and adaptability to a wide range of environments. Importantly, E. colona has evolved resistance to glyphosate in Australia, with resistant populations now widespread across the summer cropping regions. Fallow management of E. colona

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Chen, W., R. W. Bell, R. F. Brennan, J. W. Bowden, A. Dobermann, Z. Rengel, and W. Porter. "Key crop nutrient management issues in the Western Australia grains industry: a review." Soil Research 47, no. 1 (2009): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sr08097.

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In the present paper, we review 4 topics that were identified through extensive consultation with stakeholders as issues of high impact and influence for the grains industry: improving soil testing and interpretation; role of fluid fertilisers in the Western Australian (WA) grains industry; using spatial and temporal information to improve crop nutrient management, particularly for nitrogen; and developing recommendations for managing emerging nutrient deficiencies. The key findings are summarised below. To further improve soil testing and interpretation, the review suggests that future resear

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McNeill, A. M., and C. M. Penfold. "Agronomic management options for phosphorus in Australian dryland organic and low-input cropping systems." Crop and Pasture Science 60, no. 2 (2009): 163. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/cp07381.

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Maintenance of available phosphorus (P) is a problem faced by both conventional and organic systems but it is exacerbated in the latter given that manufactured inorganic sources of P fertiliser are not permitted under the International Federation of Organic Agriculture Movements certification guidelines. The focus of this paper is a discussion of potential agronomic strategies to assist in sustainable management of the soil P resource in organic and low-input broadacre farming systems within the Australian rain-fed cereal–livestock belt. The paper considers three broad strategies for agronomic

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Littleboy, M., DM Silburn, DM Freebairn, DR Woodruff, GL Hammer, and JK Leslie. "Impact of soil erosion on production in cropping systems .I. Development and validation of a simulation model." Soil Research 30, no. 5 (1992): 757. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sr9920757.

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A computer simulation model to analyse risks of soil erosion to long-term crop production is described. The model, called PERFECT, simulates interactions between soil type, climate, fallow management strategy and crop sequence. It contains six main modules; data input, water balance, crop growth, crop residue, erosion and model output. Modules are arranged in a framework that allows alternative modules to be used as required for the potential range of applications. The model contains dynamic crop growth models for wheat, sorghum and sunflower. Validation of PERFECT against small catchment and

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Loura, Deepak, Sahil, Singarayer Florentine, and Bhagirath Singh Chauhan. "Germination ecology of hairy fleabane (Conyza bonariensis) and its implications for weed management." Weed Science 68, no. 4 (April 16, 2020): 411–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/wsc.2020.28.

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AbstractHairy fleabane [Conyza bonariensis (L.) Cronquist] is a problematic weed in Australian no-till cropping systems. Consequently, a study was conducted to examine the effect of temperature, light, salt stress, osmotic stress, burial depth, and sorghum crop residue on germination and emergence in two populations (C and W: collected from chick pea [Cicer arietinum L.] and wheat [Triticum aestivum L.] fields, respectively) of C. bonariensis. Both populations were able to germinate over a wide range of alternating day/night temperatures (15/5 to 35/25 C); however, the C population had optimum

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Armstrong, R. D., J. Fitzpatrick, M. A. Rab, M. Abuzar, P. D. Fisher, and G. J. O'Leary. "Advances in precision agriculture in south-eastern Australia. III. Interactions between soil properties and water use help explain spatial variability of crop production in the Victorian Mallee." Crop and Pasture Science 60, no. 9 (2009): 870. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/cp08349.

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A major barrier to the adoption of precision agriculture in dryland cropping systems is our current inability to reliably predict spatial patterns of grain yield for future crops for a specific paddock. An experiment was undertaken to develop a better understanding of how edaphic and climatic factors interact to influence the spatial variation in the growth, water use, and grain yield of different crops in a single paddock so as to improve predictions of the likely spatial pattern of grain yields in future crops. Changes in a range of crop and soil properties were monitored over 3 consecutive

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Brennan, R. F., B. Penrose, and R. W. Bell. "Micronutrients limiting pasture production in Australia." Crop and Pasture Science 70, no. 12 (2019): 1053. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/cp19087.

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Low levels of plant-available micronutrients were an inherent feature of many agricultural soils in Australia, mostly due to the prevalence of highly weathered soil parent materials. The diagnosis and correction of the widespread deficiencies of micronutrients, especially copper (Cu), molybdenum (Mo) and zinc (Zn), were prerequisites for the development of productive, legume-based pastures in southern Australia. In subtropical and tropical regions, Mo deficiency commonly limited pasture-legume production. Soil treatments involving micronutrient fertiliser incorporated in soils, or applied as a

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Tozer, K. N., D. F. Chapman, P. E. Quigley, P. M. Dowling, R. D. Cousens, and G. A. Kearney. "Integrated management of vulpia in dryland perennial pastures of southern Australia." Crop and Pasture Science 60, no. 1 (2009): 32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/cp07445.

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Vulpia (Vulpia species C.C. Gmel.) are annual grass weeds that can reduce pasture quality and stock-carrying capacity of perennial pastures throughout southern Australia. To develop more effective strategies to control vulpia, an experiment was established in western Victoria (average annual rainfall 565 mm) in phalaris (Phalaris aquatica L.) pastures comparing the effects of control methods [comprising combinations of fertiliser addition (Fert), a single herbicide (simazine) application (Sim), and pasture rest from grazing (Rest)] on vulpia populations. A further herbicide treatment [paraquat

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Higgins, Vaughan, Caroline Love, and Tony Dunn. "Flexible adoption of conservation agriculture principles: practices of care and the management of crop residue in Australian mixed farming systems." International Journal of Agricultural Sustainability 17, no. 1 (December 20, 2018): 49–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14735903.2018.1559526.

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Page, K. L., R. C. Dalal, S. H. Reeves, W. J. Wang, Somasundaram Jayaraman, and Y. P. Dang. "Changes in soil organic carbon and nitrogen after 47 years with different tillage, stubble and fertiliser management in a Vertisol of north-eastern Australia." Soil Research 58, no. 4 (2020): 346. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sr19314.

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No-till (NT) farming has been widely adopted to assist in reducing erosion, lowering fuel costs, conserving soil moisture and improving soil physical, chemical and biological characteristics. Improvements in soil characteristics are often driven by the greater soil organic matter accumulation (as measured by soil organic carbon (SOC)) in NT compared to conventional tillage (CT) farming systems. However, to fully understand the effect of NT it is important to understand temporal changes in SOC by monitoring over an extended period. We investigated the long-term effect of NT and stubble retentio

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C., Pankhurst, Kirkby C., Hawke B., and Harch B. "Impact of a change in tillage and crop residue management practice on soil chemical and microbiological properties in a cereal-producing red duplex soil in NSW, Australia." Biology and Fertility of Soils 35, no. 3 (May 1, 2002): 189–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00374-002-0459-3.

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Taylor, J. A., A. Herr, and A. W. Siggins. "The influence of distance from landfill and population density on degree of wood residue recycling in Australia." Biomass and Bioenergy 33, no. 10 (October 2009): 1474–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biombioe.2009.07.003.

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Li, Yong, Weijin Wang, Steven Reeves, and Ram C. Dalal. "Simulation of N2O emissions and mitigation options for rainfed wheat cropping on a Vertosol in the subtropics." Soil Research 51, no. 2 (2013): 152. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sr12274.

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The Water and Nitrogen Management Model (WNMM) was applied to simulate nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from a wheat-cropped Vertosol under long-term management of no-till, crop residue retention, and nitrogen (N) fertiliser application in southern Queensland, Australia, from July 2006 to June 2009. For the simulation study, eight treatments of combinations of conventional tillage (CT) or no-till (NT), stubble burning (SB) or stubble retention (SR), and N fertiliser application at nil (0N) or 90 (90N) kg N/ha.year were used. The results indicated that WNMM satisfactorily simulated the soil water

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Dimes, JP, RL McCown, and PG Saffigna. "Nitrogen supply to no-tillage crops, as influenced by mulch type, soil type and season, following pasture leys in the semi-arid tropics." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 36, no. 8 (1996): 937. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea9960937.

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Past cropping research in the semi-arid tropics of northern Australia has shown that in this climate and on the predominantly sesquioxidic soils, recovery of fertiliser nitrogen (N) by crops is often low. Conceptually, no-tillage, legume ley farming offers features for coping better with the constraints of climate, soil and high fertiliser transport costs to this remote region. This paper summarises the N cycle in a system in which pastures provide N for successive crops, and mulch at the time of crop establishment is provided by the killing of new pasture growth. The aim was further to provid

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Walker, S. R., I. N. Taylor, G. Milne, V. A. Osten, Z. Hoque, and R. J. Farquharson. "A survey of management and economic impact of weeds in dryland cotton cropping systems of subtropical Australia." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 45, no. 1 (2005): 79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea03189.

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In dryland cotton cropping systems, the main weeds and effectiveness of management practices were identified, and the economic impact of weeds was estimated using information collected in a postal and a field survey of Southern Queensland and northern New South Wales. Forty-eight completed questionnaires were returned, and 32 paddocks were monitored in early and late summer for weed species and density. The main problem weeds were bladder ketmia (Hibiscus trionum), common sowthistle (Sonchus oleraceus), barnyard grasses (Echinochloa spp.), liverseed grass (Urochloa panicoides) and black bindwe

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Turner, Neil C., Nicholas Molyneux, Sen Yang, You-Cai Xiong, and Kadambot H. M. Siddique. "Climate change in south-west Australia and north-west China: challenges and opportunities for crop production." Crop and Pasture Science 62, no. 6 (2011): 445. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/cp10372.

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Predictions from climate simulation models suggest that by 2050 mean temperatures on the Loess Plateau of China will increase by 2.5 to 3.75°C, while those in the cropping region of south-west Australia will increase by 1.25 to 1.75°C. By 2050, rainfall is not expected to change on the Loess Plateau of China, while in south-west Australia rainfall is predicted to decrease by 20 to 60 mm. The frequency of heat waves and dry spells is predicted to increase in both regions. The implications of rising temperatures are an acceleration of crop phenology and a reduction in crop yields, greater risk o

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Ghaffariyan, Mohammad Reza, Mauricio Acuna, and Mark Brown. "Analysing the effect of five operational factors on forest residue supply chain costs: A case study in Western Australia." Biomass and Bioenergy 59 (December 2013): 486–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biombioe.2013.08.029.

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Chauhan, Bhagirath S., and Prashant Jha. "Glyphosate Resistance in Sonchus oleraceus and Alternative Herbicide Options for Its Control in Southeast Australia." Sustainability 12, no. 20 (October 9, 2020): 8311. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12208311.

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Sonchus oleraceus is becoming a hard-to-control weed in Australian cropping systems, especially in glyphosate-tolerant cotton and during summer fallows. Several biotypes of this weed have developed resistance to glyphosate as a result of common management practices under conservation agriculture systems in the country. A series of pot experiments were conducted to evaluate the effect of temperature on glyphosate efficacy and performance of several post-emergence and pre-emergence herbicides on a glyphosate-resistant (GR) and a glyphosate-susceptible (GS) biotype of S. oleraceus. At low tempera

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Bedard-Haughn, A. "Managing excess water in Canadian prairie soils: A review." Canadian Journal of Soil Science 89, no. 2 (May 1, 2009): 157–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjss07071.

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"Excess water" conditions develop when a soil is unable to transmit water, leading to the onset of saturated conditions harmful to soils and crops. Negative agricultural impacts include reduced trafficability, physical damage to crops under hypoxic or anoxic conditions, increased salinity or sodicity, reduced nutrient availability and uptake, and increased incidence of weeds and pests. There are two main objectives in managing landscapes prone to excess water, both of which must consider soil and landform characteristics. The first is to maximize infiltration and conductivity through tillage a

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Hulugalle, N. R., and F. Scott. "A review of the changes in soil quality and profitability accomplished by sowing rotation crops after cotton in Australian Vertosols from 1970 to 2006." Soil Research 46, no. 2 (2008): 173. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sr07077.

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In agricultural systems, soil quality is thought of in terms of productive land that can maintain or increase farm profitability, as well as conserving soil resources so that future farming generations can make a living. Management practices which can modify soil quality include tillage systems and crop rotations. A major proportion of Australian cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) is grown on Vertosols (~75%), of which almost 80% is irrigated. These soils have high clay contents (40–80 g/100 g) and strong shrink–swell capacities, but are frequently sodic at depth and prone to deterioration in soil

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Gupta, V., MM Roper, JA Kirkegaard, and JF Angus. "Changes in microbial biomass and organic matter levels during the first year of modified tillage and stubble management practices on a red earth." Soil Research 32, no. 6 (1994): 1339. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sr9941339.

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Farming practices involving stubble burning and excessive tillage in Australia have led to losses of organic matter from the soil. Crop residue retention and reduced tillage practices can reverse these trends, but changes in organic matter levels are evident only after a long term. Microbial biomass (MB), the living portion of soil organic matter, responds rapidly to changes in soil and crop management practices. We evaluated changes in microbial biomass and microbial activity in the first year following the modification of stubble management and tillage practices on a red earth near Harden, N

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39

Braunack, M. V. "Cotton farming systems in Australia: factors contributing to changed yield and fibre quality." Crop and Pasture Science 64, no. 8 (2013): 834. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/cp13172.

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This study was undertaken to identify factors in Australian cotton farming systems that influence yield and fibre quality of cotton and how these have changed with time after the wide adoption of Bollgard II® cultivars (containing the proteins Cry1Ac and Cry2Ab, providing easier control of Helicoverpa spp.) in the 2003–04 season. Data from Australian commercial cotton variety trials conducted from 2004 to 2011 were used to link management inputs, yield, and fibre quality. Restricted (residual) maximum likelihood (REML) and regression analyses were used to determine which factors had a signific

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40

Sinclair, K., and P. J. Beale. "Critical factors influencing no-till establishment of short-term ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum) into a kikuyu (Pennisetum clandestinum) pasture." Crop and Pasture Science 61, no. 2 (2010): 192. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/cp09071.

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In the subtropical dairy region of Australia, poor establishment of short-term ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum) oversown into tropical grass pastures is a common occurrence requiring re-sowing. A survey of subtropical dairy farmers was undertaken to relate management practices used in oversowing ryegrass to sward establishment and subsequent growth. Two glasshouse studies were also conducted to examine (1) the effect of temperature, ploidy, seeding depth, and mulch cover on ryegrass emergence and (2) the effect of temperature and ploidy on growth and development of ryegrass seedlings. Subtropical

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41

Hulugalle, N. R., T. B. Weaver, L. A. Finlay, and V. Heimoana. "Soil organic carbon concentrations and storage in irrigated cotton cropping systems sown on permanent beds in a Vertosol with restricted subsoil drainage." Crop and Pasture Science 64, no. 8 (2013): 799. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/cp12374.

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Long-term studies of soil organic carbon dynamics in two- and three-crop rotations in irrigated cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) based cropping systems under varying stubble management practices in Australian Vertosols are relatively few. Our objective was to quantify soil organic carbon dynamics during a 9-year period in four irrigated, cotton-based cropping systems sown on permanent beds in a Vertosol with restricted subsoil drainage near Narrabri in north-western New South Wales, Australia. The experimental treatments were: cotton–cotton (CC); cotton–vetch (Vicia villosa Roth. in 2002–06, Vic

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42

Rogers, M. E., A. R. Lawson, and K. B. Kelly. "Summer production and survival of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne) and tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea) genotypes in northern Victoria under differing irrigation management." Crop and Pasture Science 70, no. 12 (2019): 1163. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/cp18542.

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Perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) is the predominant perennial forage species used in temperate irrigated dairy-production systems in Australia. However, when temperatures are high, even with optimal irrigation strategies and nutrient inputs, dry matter (DM) production can be compromised. This research investigated the effects of perennial ryegrass and tall fescue genotypes and summer irrigation on (DM) production and survival. Ten perennial ryegrass cultivars, three hybrid ryegrasses and two cultivars of tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea (Schreb) Darbysh.) were sown in northern Victoria,

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Mason, MG. "Effect of management of previous cereal stubble on nitrogen fertiliser requirement of wheat." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 32, no. 3 (1992): 355. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea9920355.

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The effect of either burning stubble, or incorporating it in the soil, on the nitrogen (N) fertiliser requirement of the following wheat crop was examined over 10 years (1978-87) in a continuous wheat system at 2 sites (Wongan Hills and Nabawa), and in both continuous wheat and wheat-fallow systems at one site (Merredin). There were significant grain yield increases in response to N fertiliser in all years at Nabawa. At Wongan Hills there was no response in 1978 and 1985, a yield reduction in 1979, and a yield increase in all other years. At Merredin, there was no response in 1980, a yield dec

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Rab, M. A., P. D. Fisher, R. D. Armstrong, M. Abuzar, N. J. Robinson, and S. Chandra. "Advances in precision agriculture in south-eastern Australia. IV. Spatial variability in plant-available water capacity of soil and its relationship with yield in site-specific management zones." Crop and Pasture Science 60, no. 9 (2009): 885. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/cp08350.

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Spatial variability in grain yield can arise from variation in many different soil and terrain properties. Identification of important sources of variation that bear significant relationship with grain yield can help achieve more effective site-specific management. This study had three aims: (i) a geostatistical description/modelling of the paddock-level spatial structure in variability of plant-available water capacity (PAWC) and related soil properties, (ii) to determine optimal number of management zones in the paddock, and (iii) to assess if the variability in PAWC and related soil propert

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McCormick, Jeffrey I., Jim M. Virgona, and John A. Kirkegaard. "Growth, recovery, and yield of dual-purpose canola (Brassica napus) in the medium-rainfall zone of south-eastern Australia." Crop and Pasture Science 63, no. 7 (2012): 635. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/cp12078.

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The effect of grazing of vegetative canola (Brassica napus) with sheep on crop growth and yield was investigated in two field experiments (Expts 1 and 2) in 2008 at Wagga Wagga, New South Wales, Australia. The experiments included a range of cultivars, sowing rates, and grazing periods to investigate the influence of these factors on grazing biomass, crop recovery, and grain yield. Three spring canola cultivars (representing triazine-tolerant, conventional, and hybrid types) were used in both experiments and were sown at three sowing rates and grazed by sheep for 7 days in midwinter in Expt 1,

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Sá Antunes, Tathiana F., Marlonni Maurastoni, L. Johana Madroñero, Gabriela Fuentes, Jorge M. Santamaría, José Aires Ventura, Emanuel F. Abreu, A. Alberto R. Fernandes, and Patricia M. B. Fernandes. "Battle of Three: The Curious Case of Papaya Sticky Disease." Plant Disease 104, no. 11 (November 2020): 2754–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-12-19-2622-fe.

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Among the most serious problems in papaya production are the viruses associated with papaya ringspot and papaya sticky disease (PSD). PSD concerns producers worldwide because its symptoms are extremely aggressive and appear only after flowering. As no resistant cultivar is available, several disease management strategies have been used in affected countries, such as the use of healthy seeds, exclusion of the pathogen, and roguing. In the 1990s, a dsRNA virus, papaya meleira virus (PMeV), was identified in Brazil as the causal agent of PSD. However, in 2016 a second virus, papaya meleira virus

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47

Chadha, Aakansha, Singarayer Florentine, Bhagirath S. Chauhan, Benjamin Long, Mithila Jayasundera, Muhammad M. Javaid, and Christopher Turville. "Environmental factors affecting the germination and seedling emergence of two populations of an emerging agricultural weed: wild lettuce (Lactuca serriola)." Crop and Pasture Science 70, no. 8 (2019): 709. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/cp18594.

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Wild lettuce (Lactuca serriola L.) is a significant emerging agricultural and environmental weed in many countries. This invasive species is now naturalised in Australia and is claimed to cause significant losses within the agricultural industry. Sustainable management of wild lettuce has been hampered by a lack of detailed knowledge of its seed ecology. Laboratory-based studies were performed to examine the potential influence of environmental factors including temperature and light conditions, salinity, pH, moisture availability and burial depth on the germination and emergence of two spatia

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Khangura, R. K., and M. J. Barbetti. "Prevalence of blackleg (Leptosphaeria maculans) on canola (Brassica napus) in Western Australia." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 41, no. 1 (2001): 71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea00068.

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Canola crops were monitored throughout the Western Australian wheatbelt during 1996–99 to determine the incidence and severity of crown cankers caused by the blackleg fungus (Leptosphaeria maculans). All crops surveyed had blackleg. The incidence of crown canker was 48–100%, 15–100%, 9–94% and 48–100% during 1996, 1997, 1998 and 1999, respectively. The mean incidence of crown cankers statewide was 85, 63, 55 and 85% in 1996, 1997, 1998 and 1999, respectively. The severity of crown canker (expressed as percentage disease index) ranged between 30 and 96%, 3 and 94%, 5 and 78% and 21 and 96% duri

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Jiang, Y. M., Y. Wang, L. Song, H. Liu, A. Lichter, O. Kerdchoechuen, D. C. Joyce, and J. Shi. "Postharvest characteristics and handling of litchi fruit — an overview." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 46, no. 12 (2006): 1541. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea05108.

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Litchi (Litchi chinensis Sonn.) is a tropical to subtropical crop that originated in South-East Asia. Litchi fruit are prized on the world market for their flavour, semi-translucent white aril and attractive red skin. Litchi is now grown commercially in many countries and production in Australia, China, Israel, South Africa and Thailand has expanded markedly in recent years. Increased production has made significant contributions to economic development in these countries, especially those in South-East Asia. Non-climacteric litchi fruit are harvested at their visual and organoleptic optimum.

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Saral, Rohit, and Dr Sarvjeet Kukreja. "Crop residue its impact and management." International Journal of Chemical Studies 8, no. 6 (November 1, 2020): 1550–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.22271/chemi.2020.v8.i6v.10985.

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