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Journal articles on the topic 'Crop rotation (Australia)'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 20 February 2023

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1

Norton, MR, R. Murison, ICR Holford, and GG Robinson. "Rotation effects on sustainability of crop production: the Glen Innes rotation experiment." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 35, no. 7 (1995): 893. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea9950893.

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This study, which commenced in 1921, is the longest running crop rotation experiment in the summer rainfall region of Australia. The 7 rotation treatments comprise various frequencies and combinations of maize and spring oat crops with and without autumn oats and red clover ley. The maize and oat yields are analysed separately using principles described by Paterson (1964). Spline regressions are used to describe the trends of yields with time and to make comparisons amongst the rotations. Yield performance of maize and oats was improved as legume ley duration increased, although as maize cropp

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2

Bhathal, J. S., and R. Loughman. "Ability of retained stubble to carry-over leaf diseases of wheat in rotation crops." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 41, no. 5 (2001): 649. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea00134.

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Increasingly, wheat rotations on sand-plain soils in Western Australia are being managed with stubble retention practices for reasons of moisture and soil conservation. A major concern in stubble retention practices is an associated increase in risk from septoria nodorum blotch (Phaeosphaeria nodorum) and yellow spot (Pyrenophora tritici-repentis). These pathogens frequently occur together in the region and survive in crop surface residues. The amount of disease carry-over on stubble is an important determinant of the severity of leaf diseases during the entire crop season. To provide a ration

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3

Schultz, JE. "Crop production in a rotation trial at Tarlee, South Australia." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 35, no. 7 (1995): 865. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea9950865.

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A crop rotation trial was established in 1977 on a hard-setting red-brown earth at Tarlee, South Australia, to monitor the long-term effect of intensive and traditional rotations on soil properties and crop production. The rotations involve wheat alternating with cereals, grain legumes, pasture, and fallow. There are 3 stubble + tillage treatments: remove stubble + cultivate, retain stubble + cultivate, retain stubble + no tillage. Three rates of nitrogen (0,40, 80 kg N/ha as ammonium nitrate) are applied to the wheat. Grain yield varied with seasonal conditions, and water use efficiencies wer

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4

Ewing, MA, AD Bathgate, RJ French, and CK Revell. "The role of crop and pasture legumes in rotations on duplex soils." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 32, no. 7 (1992): 971. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea9920971.

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Duplex soils are prominent in southern Australia and are generally low in fertility. Their agricultural performance is, therefore, suboptimal in most circumstances without an exogenous source of nitrogen. This is often supplied by legumes which are grown in rotation with non-leguminous crops. Both crop and pasture legumes are now widely used in southern Australia and the contribution that they make to the non-legume phase of rotations is through nitrogen fixation and through other mechanisms such as cereal disease breaks. We use a mathematical programming model, MIDAS (Model of an Integrated F

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5

Turner, NC. "Crop production on duplex soils: an introduction." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 32, no. 7 (1992): 797. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea9920797.

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Duplex or texture-contrast soils occur over about 60% of the agricultural areas of south-west Western Australia. Annual crops of wheat, barley, oats, and lupins predominate on these soils, grown in rotation with annual pastures. The climate is characterised by cool, wet winters and hot, dry summers. Crop production is restricted to the winter and spring and is limited by waterlogging in the wet winter months and by water shortage during grain filling in spring. Research on crop production on duplex soils has been undertaken for the past 8 years by a collaborative team from the CSIRO Dryland Cr

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6

Bell, Lindsay W., Andrew T. James, Mary Ann Augustin, Artur Rombenso, David Blyth, Cedric Simon, Thomas J. V. Higgins, and Jose M. Barrero. "A Niche for Cowpea in Sub-Tropical Australia?" Agronomy 11, no. 8 (August 19, 2021): 1654. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11081654.

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Pulses have emerged as important rotation crops in Australia. Some are in demand in agricultural production systems due to their high potential market value, because of their roles as grain or forage crops, their nitrogen fixation capability, and because they provide a disease break or improve soil health. While several pulse crops have been identified for winter-season cropping, there are few adapted legumes apart from mungbean that are appropriate for dryland summer cropping. Currently, short-duration crops of mungbean are commonly used, but yields are highly variable and susceptible to drou

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7

Hulugalle, N. R., and F. Scott. "A review of the changes in soil quality and profitability accomplished by sowing rotation crops after cotton in Australian Vertosols from 1970 to 2006." Soil Research 46, no. 2 (2008): 173. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sr07077.

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In agricultural systems, soil quality is thought of in terms of productive land that can maintain or increase farm profitability, as well as conserving soil resources so that future farming generations can make a living. Management practices which can modify soil quality include tillage systems and crop rotations. A major proportion of Australian cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) is grown on Vertosols (~75%), of which almost 80% is irrigated. These soils have high clay contents (40–80 g/100 g) and strong shrink–swell capacities, but are frequently sodic at depth and prone to deterioration in soil

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8

Cox, H. W., R. M. Kelly, and W. M. Strong. "Pulse crops in rotation with cereals can be a profitable alternative to nitrogen fertiliser in central Queensland." Crop and Pasture Science 61, no. 9 (2010): 752. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/cp09352.

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Empirical and simulation results from three crop rotations incorporating cereals, pulses and nitrogen (N) fertiliser application were examined over 4 years in a subtropical environment, central Queensland, Australia. The hypothesis was that pulse crops in rotation with cereals would be a viable alternative to applying N fertilisers and would improve farm business economic performance provided the yield potential of pulses were not compromised by planting into very low soil water situations. Empirical data and simulations with the Agricultural Production Systems Simulator model were used to giv

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9

Lawes, Roger, and Michael Renton. "The Land Use Sequence Optimiser (LUSO): A theoretical framework for analysing crop sequences in response to nitrogen, disease and weed populations." Crop and Pasture Science 61, no. 10 (2010): 835. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/cp10026.

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The break crop effect, where a non-cereal crop provides relief from soil pathogens, may increase soil nitrogen reserves for a cereal and help minimise populations of herbicide resistant weeds. It is widely used in agriculture to maximise the economic return and yield of cereal crops. In Western Australia, cereal crops are being grown with increasing frequency, at the expense of less profitable break crops and we have developed a land use sequence optimiser (LUSO) to analyse strategic break crop decisions across a suite of price, yield, nitrogen fertiliser cost, soil borne disease load and weed

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10

Hulugalle, Nilantha R., Bruce McCorkell, Viliami F. Heimoana, and Lloyd A. Finlay. "SHORT COMMUNICATION: Soil Properties Under Cotton-Corn Rotations in Australian Cotton Farms." Journal of Cotton Science 20, no. 4 (2016): 294–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.56454/fsng2773.

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During the past decade sowing corn (Zea mays L.) in rotation with cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) has gained popularity among many Australian cotton growers. Research on cotton-corn rotations in Australia is sparse, although anecdotal evidence suggests that subsequent cotton yields are increased. Our objective was to quantify the impact of sowing a corn rotation crop on soil properties of Vertisols under cotton-based farming systems on 18 farms within Australian cotton-growing regions. Each site had either corn or cotton sown during the preceding summer. Soil was sampled in transects from the s

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11

Armstrong, E. L., D. P. Heenan, J. S. Pate, and M. J. Unkovich. "Nitrogen benefits of lupins, field pea, and chickpea to wheat production in south-eastern Australia." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 48, no. 1 (1997): 39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/a96054.

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Nitrogen balances of narrow leaf lupin (Lupinus angustifolius L.), albus lupin (L. albus L.), field pea (Pisum sativum L.), chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.), and barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) sown over a range of dates were examined in 1992 in a rotation study at Wagga Wagga, NSW. Each N budget included assessment of dependence on fixed as opposed to soil N, peak aboveground biomass N, and N removed as grain or returned as unharvested aboveground crop residues. N balances of wheat sown across the plots in 1993 were assessed similarly in terms of biomass and grain yield. Yields, N2 fixation, and cro

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12

Vu, D. T., C. Tang, and R. D. Armstrong. "Tillage system affects phosphorus form and depth distribution in three contrasting Victorian soils." Soil Research 47, no. 1 (2009): 33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sr08108.

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Major changes in tillage practices have occurred over the past 2 decades across the diverse range of soil types and rainfall zones that characterise cropping systems in southern Australia. However, there has been little corresponding change in the management of nutrients, especially phosphorus (P). This study investigated the effects of tillage and crop rotations on the stratification and transformation of P in soil profiles from 3 tillage/rotation trials encompassing 3 agro-ecological zones of southern Australia. Soil samples were collected from field trials at Longerenong (Vertosol, average

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13

McDonald, GK. "The contribution of nitrogen fertiliser to the nitrogen nutrition of rainfed wheat crops in Australia: a review." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 29, no. 3 (1989): 455. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea9890455.

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Very little nitrogen (N) fertiliser is applied to wheat crops in Australia. Currently, about 105 t of N fertiliser (less than 20% of Australia's total consumption) are used annually at an average rate of 2-3 kg Nha. This scant use of N fertiliser over much of the Australian wheat belt N is because the N derived from a legume-dominant pasture ley is thought to provide a wheat crop's N requirement. However, trends in the grain protein content of Australian wheat and some other indices of soil fertility suggest that legume-based pastures have not always been able to supply all the N required for

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14

Marcroft, S. J., S. J. Sprague, S. J. Pymer, P. A. Salisbury, and B. J. Howlett. "Crop isolation, not extended rotation length, reduces blackleg (Leptosphaeria maculans) severity of canola (Brassica napus) in south-eastern Australia." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 44, no. 6 (2004): 601. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea03087.

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Due to the large increase of canola production in Australia, current blackleg cultural control recommendations (extended rotation length and isolation distance from canola stubble) are not adhered to by farmers in many canola-producing regions. Canola crops are increasingly being sown in short rotation and, in many instances, adjacent to paddocks containing canola stubble. In this study, the level of disease in commercial canola crops was determined for different rotations and distances from canola stubble. There was a strong relationship between the presence of canola stubble from the previou

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15

Whish, J. P. M., P. Castor, and P. S. Carberry. "Managing production constraints to the reliability of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) within marginal areas of the northern grains region of Australia." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 58, no. 5 (2007): 396. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar06179.

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The poor reliability of chickpea yield produced in the marginal (<600 mm rainfall) areas of the northern cropping zone is a constraint to the wide adoption of the crop. Chickpea is a valuable rotation crop and is currently the only viable winter grain legume suitable to this region. This paper uses results from in-crop monitoring and crop simulation, to identify practical management strategies to improve the reliability of chickpea crops in this region. APSIM-Chickpea successfully simulated the commercial yields of chickpea crops monitored during the study. Soil water at sowing and sowing d

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16

Thomson, C. J., C. K. Revell, N. C. Turner, M. A. Ewing, and I. F. Le Coultre. "Influence of rotation and time of germinating rains on the productivity and composition of annual pastures in Western Australia." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 49, no. 2 (1998): 225. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/a94082.

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A long-term rotation experiment located in south-western Australia was used to measure the effect of rotation and time of germinating rains on the productivity and botanical composition of grazed annual pastures in 2 contrasting seasons in an environment with an average annual rainfall of 325 mm. The density of self-regenerating seedlings of subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum), capeweed (Arctotheca calendula), and grasses (Lolium rigidum, Hordeum leporinum, Bromus diandrus) was greatly increased (approx. 3 times the density) when there was a second year of pasture after crop compared

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17

Sadras, Victor O., Jeff A. Baldock, Jim W. Cox, and W. D. Bellotti. "Crop rotation effect on wheat grain yield as mediated by changes in the degree of water and nitrogen co-limitation." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 55, no. 6 (2004): 599. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar04012.

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Theoretically, growth of stressed plants is maximised when all resources are equally limiting. The concept of co-limitation could be used to integrate key factors affected by crop rotation. This paper tested the hypothesis that the effect of crop rotation on the yield of wheat is partially mediated by changes in the degree of co-limitation between nitrogen and water. Four rotations were established on a sodic, supracalcic, red chromosol in a Mediterranean-type environment of southern Australia. Rotations included wheat grown after (a) faba bean harvested for grain, (b) faba bean incorporated a

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18

Kalkhoran, Sanaz Shoghi, David Pannell, Tas Thamo, Maksym Polyakov, and Benedict White. "Optimal lime rates for soil acidity mitigation: impacts of crop choice and nitrogen fertiliser in Western Australia." Crop and Pasture Science 71, no. 1 (2020): 36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/cp19101.

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Many agricultural soils are naturally acidic, and agricultural production can acidify soil through processes such as nitrogen (N) fixation by legumes and application of N fertiliser. This means that decisions about mitigation of soil acidity (e.g. through application of lime), crop rotation and N fertiliser application are interdependent. This paper presents a dynamic model to determine jointly the optimal lime application strategies and N application rates in a rainfed cropping system in Western Australia. The model accounts for two crop rotations (with and without a legume break crop), for t

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19

Hill, Matthew P., Sarina Macfadyen, and Michael A. Nash. "Broad spectrum pesticide application alters natural enemy communities and may facilitate secondary pest outbreaks." PeerJ 5 (December 19, 2017): e4179. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.4179.

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BackgroundPesticide application is the dominant control method for arthropod pests in broad-acre arable systems. In Australia, organophosphate pesticides are often applied either prophylactically, or reactively, including at higher concentrations, to control crop establishment pests such as false wireworms and earth mite species. Organophosphates are reported to be disruptive to beneficial species, such as natural enemies, but this has not been widely assessed in Australian systems. Neither has the risk that secondary outbreaks may occur if the natural enemy community composition or function i

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20

Mielenz, Henrike, Peter J. Thorburn, Robert H. Harris, Sally J. Officer, Guangdi Li, Graeme D. Schwenke, and Peter R. Grace. "Nitrous oxide emissions from grain production systems across a wide range of environmental conditions in eastern Australia." Soil Research 54, no. 5 (2016): 659. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sr15376.

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Nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from Australian grain cropping systems are highly variable due to the large variations in soil and climate conditions and management practices under which crops are grown. Agricultural soils contribute 55% of national N2O emissions, and therefore mitigation of these emissions is important. In the present study, we explored N2O emissions, yield and emissions intensity in a range of management practices in grain crops across eastern Australia with the Agricultural Production Systems sIMulator (APSIM). The model was initially evaluated against experiments conducted a

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21

Hulugalle, N. R., P. C. Entwistle, F. Scott, and J. Kahl. "Rotation crops for irrigated cotton in a medium-fine, self-mulching, grey Vertosol." Soil Research 39, no. 2 (2001): 317. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sr00035.

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Many cotton growers sow rotation crops after irrigated cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.), assuming that they will improve soil quality and maintain profitability of cotton. Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is the most common rotation crop, although more recently, legumes such as faba bean (Vicia Faba L.) and chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) have come into favour. This paper reports data on soil quality (organic C, nitrate-N, soil structure), yield (cotton lint and rotation crop grain yield, fibre quality), economic returns (gross margins/ha, gross margins/ML irrigation water), and management constraints

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22

Roget, DK, and AD Rovira. "The relationship between incidence of infection by the take-all fungus (Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici), rainfall and yield of wheat in South Australia." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 31, no. 4 (1991): 509. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea9910509.

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. This paper describes results obtained from an 8-year field trial on a calcareous sandy loam in South Australia. Different crop rotations resulted in varying percentages of plants with take-all [caused by Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici (Ggt)]. The results demonstrated that in a wheat-grass/medic pasture rotation, take-all caused an average annual yield loss in wheat of 29%. These yield losses were strongly correlated with disease incidence and rainfall in September (r2 = 0.91, P = 0.07) but only moderately correlated to disease incidence alone (r2 = 0.44, P = 0.09). The level of early i

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23

Siddique, K. H. M., and J. Sykes. "Pulse production in Australia past, present and future." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 37, no. 1 (1997): 103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea96068.

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Summary. Several cool- and warm-season pulse crops (grain legumes) are grown in rotation with cereals and pasture forming sustainable farming systems in Australia. Australian pulse production has increased rapidly over the past 25 years to about 2 x 106 t/year, mainly because of the increase in the area and yield of lupin production for stockfeed purposes. Pulses currently comprise only 10% of the cropping areas of Australia and this could be expanded to 16% as there are large areas of soil types suitable for a range of pulse crops and new better-adapted pulse varieties are becoming available.

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24

Osler, Graham H. R., Petra C. J. van Vliet, Craig S. Gauci, and Lynette K. Abbott. "Changes in free living soil nematode and micro-arthropod communities under a canola - wheat - lupin rotation in Western Australia." Soil Research 38, no. 1 (2000): 47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sr99050.

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Diversification of the crops used in wheat production systems provides alternative sources of income and can interrupt wheat pathogen lifecycles. Two important alternative crops in Western Australia are canola and lupins, which may both improve growth of following wheat. Improved growth of wheat following canola may be the consequence of biofumigation or increased root penetration by the wheat. Available nitrogen may be increased following lupins. We examined free-living soil fauna in a canola–wheat–lupin rotation near Moora, Western Australia, to determine the effects of these crops on the so

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25

Ward, P. R. "Predicting the impact of perennial phases on average leakage from farming systems in south-western Australia." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 57, no. 3 (2006): 269. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar04137.

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Rising watertables and dryland salinity in southern Australia are due to excess groundwater recharge after the replacement of native vegetation by annual crops and pastures. The inclusion of perennial plants into agricultural systems has been proposed as a possible method of recharge reduction, through the creation of a buffer (extra water storage capacity generated by the perennial in comparison with an annual crop or pasture). However, the role of perennial phases under conditions of highly episodic leakage is not well understood. In this paper, a simple Leakage/Buffer Model (LeBuM) was deve

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Baker, Jeanine, and Christopher Preston. "Canola (Brassica napus L.) seedbank declines rapidly in farmer-managed fields in South Australia." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 59, no. 8 (2008): 780. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar07436.

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Canola is an important crop in southern Australia, where it is used as part of the crop rotation to manage cereal diseases, improve wheat yields, and assist in integrated weed management programs. The potential release of herbicide-tolerant transgenic cultivars into Australia has raised concerns that volunteer canola may itself become an uncontrollable weed. This study examined the persistence of the canola seedbank in farmer-managed fields in 3 geographical areas of the South Australian cropping region for up to 3.5 years after the last canola crop was grown. In total, 66 fields from minimum-

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27

Robertson, Fiona, Roger Armstrong, Debra Partington, Roger Perris, Ivanah Oliver, Colin Aumann, Doug Crawford, and David Rees. "Effect of cropping practices on soil organic carbon: evidence from long-term field experiments in Victoria, Australia." Soil Research 53, no. 6 (2015): 636. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sr14227.

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Despite considerable research, predicting how soil organic carbon (SOC) in grain production systems will respond to conservation management practices, such as reduced tillage, residue retention and alternative rotations, remains difficult because of the slowness of change and apparent site specificity of the effects. We compared SOC stocks (equivalent soil mass to ~0–0.3 m depth) under various tillage, residue management and rotation treatments in three long-term (12-, 28- and 94-year-old) field experiments in two contrasting environments (Mallee and Wimmera regions). Our hypotheses were that

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Moore, Andrew D. "Opportunities and trade-offs in dual-purpose cereals across the southern Australian mixed-farming zone: a modelling study." Animal Production Science 49, no. 10 (2009): 759. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/an09006.

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Dual-purpose cereals are employed in the high-rainfall zone of southern Australia to provide additional winter forage. Recently there has been interest in applying this technology in the drier environments of South and Western Australia. It would therefore be useful to gain an understanding of the trade-offs and risks associated with grazing wheat crops in different locations. In this study the APSIM (Agricultural Production Systems Simulator) crop and soil simulation models were linked to the GRAZPLAN pasture and livestock models and used to examine the benefits and costs of grazing cereal cr

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29

Angus, J. F., A. F. van Herwaarden, D. P. Heenan, R. A. Fischer, and G. N. Howe. "The source of mineral nitrogen for cereals in south-eastern Australia." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 49, no. 3 (1998): 511. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/a97125.

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The relative importance of soil mineral nitrogen (N) available at the time of sowing ormineralised during the growing season was investigated for 6 crops of dryland wheat. The soil mineral N in the root-zone was sampled at sowing and maturity and the rate of net mineralisation in the top 10 cm was estimated by sequential sampling throughout the growing season, using an in situ method. Mineralisation during crop growth was modelled in relation to total soil N, ambient temperature, andsoil water content. Mineral N accumulated before sowing varied by a factor of 3 between the sites (from 67 to 19

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Borger, C. P. D., G. P. Riethmuller, and A. Hashem. "Emergence, survival and seed production of Enteropogon ramosus in a pasture - wheat rotation or continuous pasture rotation in the wheatbelt of Western Australia." Crop and Pasture Science 61, no. 8 (2010): 601. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/cp10135.

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Enteropogon ramosus is a native, perennial, C4 grass species found within the wheatbelt of Western Australia. Emergence, survival, seed production and seed dormancy of E. ramosus was investigated in a continuous pasture rotation, a pasture–minimum tillage wheat rotation, and a pasture–minimum tillage wheat rotation where a cultivation event at the beginning of the pasture year was used to kill all E. ramosus plants. The results indicated that E. ramosus could germinate throughout the year, although plant density (ranging annually from 0 to 17 plants m−2) was lowest in conditions of low rainfal

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31

Oliver, DP, JE Schultz, KG Tiller, and RH Merry. "The effect of crop rotations and tillage practices on cadmium concentration in wheat grain." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 44, no. 6 (1993): 1221. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar9931221.

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The cadmium concentrations in wheat grain were determined from three crop rotation x tillage experiments in South Australia. Generally, the concentrations in grain were highest in wheat grown after lupins and lowest in wheat grown after cereal. The high cadmium concentrations in grain from wheat/lupins plots could not be explained solely by acidification, thus indicating involvement of other processes in cadmium availability. While cadmium concentration in grain also increased with increasing rates of nitrogenous fertilizers, the results of cultivation practices were generally too inconsistent

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32

Anderson, W. K., M. A. Hamza, D. L. Sharma, M. F. D'Antuono, F. C. Hoyle, N. Hill, B. J. Shackley, M. Amjad, and C. Zaicou-Kunesch. "The role of management in yield improvement of the wheat crop—a review with special emphasis on Western Australia." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 56, no. 11 (2005): 1137. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar05077.

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Modern bread wheat (Triticum aestivum) has been well adapted for survival and production in water-limited environments since it was first domesticated in the Mediterranean basin at least 8000 years ago. Adaptation to various environments has been assisted through selection and cross-breeding for traits that contribute to high and stable yield since that time. Improvements in crop management aimed at improving yield and grain quality probably developed more slowly but the rate of change has accelerated in recent decades. Many studies have shown that the contribution to increased yield from impr

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33

Monjardino, M., D. J. Pannell, and S. B. Powles. "The economic value of pasture phases in the integrated management of annual ryegrass and wild radish in a Western Australian farming system." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 44, no. 3 (2004): 265. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea03050.

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Most cropping farms in Western Australia must deal with the management of herbicide-resistant populations of weeds such as annual ryegrass (Lolium rigidum Gaudin) and wild radish (Raphanus raphanistrum�L.). Farmers are approaching the problem of herbicide resistance by adopting integrated weed management systems, which allow weed control with a range of different techniques. One important question in the design of such systems is whether and when the benefits of including pasture in rotation with crops exceed the costs. In this paper, the multi-species resistance and integrated management mode

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34

Coventry, DR. "Acidification problems of duplex soils used for crop-pasture rotations." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 32, no. 7 (1992): 901. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea9920901.

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The acidification of duplex soils used for crop-pasture rotations has been reported widely in Australia in the winter dominant rainfall regions. At some locations induced soil acidity limits crop and pasture yield. The rate of soil acidification is affected by soil properties, agricultural management and rainfall. Rates of acid addition of 0.6-6 kmol H+/ha.year have been measured from long term crop pasture rotation experiments; these rates are comparable with values reported from pastoral studies in higher rainfall areas. Components of both the carbon and nitrogen cycles contribute to this ac

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Li, Guangdi D., Rajinder P. Singh, John P. Brennan, and Keith R. Helyar. "A financial analysis of lime application in a long-term agronomic experiment on the south-western slopes of New South Wales." Crop and Pasture Science 61, no. 1 (2010): 12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/cp09103.

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Management of Acid Soils Through Efficient Rotations (MASTER) is a long-term agronomic experiment commenced in 1992. There were 3 fundamental treatment contrasts in this experiment: (a) annual systems v. perennial systems; (b) limed v. unlimed treatments; and (c) permanent pastures v. pasture–crop rotations. The soil was acidic to depth with pH (in CaCl2) below 4.5 and exchangeable Al above 40% at 0.10–0.20 m when the experiment started. Lime was applied every 6 years to maintain soil pHCa at 5.5 in the 0–0.10 m soil depth. A financial analysis was undertaken to estimate potential benefits and

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Ridley, A. M., B. Christy, F. X. Dunin, P. J. Haines, K. F. Wilson, and A. Ellington. "Lucerne in crop rotations on the Riverine Plains. 1. The soil water balance." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 52, no. 2 (2001): 263. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar99165.

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Dryland salinity, caused largely by insufficient water use of annual crops and pastures, is increasing in southern Australia. A field experiment in north-eastern Victoria (average annual rainfall 600 mm) assessed the potential for lucerne grown in rotation with crops to reduce the losses of deep drainage compared with annual crops and pasture. Soil under lucerne could store 228 mm of water to 1.8 m depth. This compared with 84 mm under continuous crop (to 1.8 m depth), except in 1997–98 where crop dried soil by 162 mm. Between 1.8 and 3.25 m depth lucerne was able to create a soil water defici

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Chan, K. Y., M. K. Conyers, G. D. Li, K. R. Helyar, G. Poile, A. Oates, and I. M. Barchia. "Soil carbon dynamics under different cropping and pasture management in temperate Australia: Results of three long-term experiments." Soil Research 49, no. 4 (2011): 320. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sr10185.

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In addition to its important influence on soil quality and therefore crop productivity, soil organic carbon (SOC) has also been identified as a possible C sink for sequestering atmospheric carbon dioxide. Limited data are available on the impact of management practices on the rate of SOC change in agricultural soils in Australia. In this paper, results of three long-term trials (13–25 years) located near Wagga Wagga in temperate Australia were used to assess C dynamics under different tillage and stubble management practices, and under cropping intensities in pasture/crop rotations. Experiment

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Xu, R. K., D. R. Coventry, A. Farhoodi, and J. E. Schultz. "Soil acidification as influenced by crop rotations, stubble management, and application of nitrogenous fertiliser, Tarlee, South Australia." Soil Research 40, no. 3 (2002): 483. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sr00104.

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Soil acidification, as influenced by N fertiliser, stubble management, and crop rotations, was investigated using soil samples from a long-term rotation trial at Tarlee, South Australia. With the effects of combination of treatment inputs (wheat–lupin, stubble retention and N-fertiliser application), the pHCa (0–10 cm depth) declined from the starting value of 6.12 to 4.50 after a 14-year period. All of the treatments caused the soil pH to decrease. The mean acidification rates for the period 1978–1992 varied from 0.5 to 2.22 kmol H+/ha.year for different treatments. Although the rainfall at T

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Lawes, R. A., P. R. Ward, and D. Ferris. "Pasture cropping with C4 grasses in a barley–lupin rotation can increase production." Crop and Pasture Science 65, no. 10 (2014): 1002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/cp13442.

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In southern Australia, intercropping, pasture cropping and overcropping have evolved as techniques to address environmental problems such as dryland salinity and wind erosion and to utilise soil water outside the conventional winter-dominant growing season. We paired three winter-dormant pastures, including two subtropical C4 perennial species (Rhodes grass, Chloris gayana; Gatton panic, Megathyrsus maximus) and the summer-active perennial C3 legume siratro (Macroptilium atropurpureum), with a conventional barley (Hordeum vulgare)–lupin (Lupinus angustifolius) rotation to explore the extent to

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McCown, RL. "Being realistic about no-tillage, legume ley farming for the Australian semi-arid tropics." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 36, no. 8 (1996): 1069. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea9961069.

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There is a long tradition of expectation that, in time, land use in the better-endowed areas of Australia's semi-arid tropics would intensify from beef production on grassy woodlands to broadacre production of dryland crops. However, successive development attempts have yet to result in a substantial field crop industry. This paper reflects on a recent 20-year research and development episode in which ley farming, so successful in the wheat-sheep zone of southern Australia, was adapted and trialed in the tropical north. The system tested in the tropics was one which featured (i) coarse grain c

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Monjardino, M., D. J. Pannell, and S. B. Powles. "The economic value of haying and green manuring in the integrated management of annual ryegrass and wild radish in a Western Australian farming system." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 44, no. 12 (2004): 1195. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea03144.

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Most cropping farms in Western Australia must deal with the management of herbicide-resistant populations of weeds such as annual ryegrass (Lolium rigidum) and wild radish (Raphanus raphanistrum). Farmers are approaching the problem of herbicide resistance by adopting integrated weed management systems, which allow weed control with a range of different techniques. These systems include non-herbicide methods ranging from delayed seeding and high crop seeding rates to the use of non-cropping phases in the rotation. In this paper, the Multi-species RIM (resistance and integrated management) mode

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Postlethwaite, Yvonne L., and David R. Coventry. "Using grain sorghum for crop rotation in southern Australia: a farm approach to system development." Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment 95, no. 2-3 (May 2003): 629–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0167-8809(02)00199-8.

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Owen, K. J., T. G. Clewett, K. L. Bell, and J. P. Thompson. "Wheat biomass and yield increased when populations of the root-lesion nematode (Pratylenchus thornei) were reduced through sequential rotation of partially resistant winter and summer crops." Crop and Pasture Science 65, no. 3 (2014): 227. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/cp13295.

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The root-lesion nematode, Pratylenchus thornei, can reduce wheat yields by >50%. Although this nematode has a broad host range, crop rotation can be an effective tool for its management if the host status of crops and cultivars is known. The summer crops grown in the northern grain region of Australia are poorly characterised for their resistance to P. thornei and their role in crop sequencing to improve wheat yields. In a 4-year field experiment, we prepared plots with high or low populations of P. thornei by growing susceptible wheat or partially resistant canaryseed (Phalaris canariensis

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Hollaway, G. J., T. W. Bretag, and T. V. Price. "The epidemiology and management of bacterial blight (Pseudomonas syringae pv. pisi) of field pea (Pisum sativum) in Australia: a review." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 58, no. 11 (2007): 1086. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar06384.

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Bacterial blight caused by Pseudomonas syringae pv. pisi is an important, but sporadic, disease of field peas (Pisum sativum) in Australia. The presence of P. syringae pv. pisi reduces the profitability of peas due to yield loss and, in some cases, it also limits Australia’s export of peas to some countries. Pseudomonoas syringae pv. pisi is primarily a seed-borne pathogen, but infected pea trash can be an important source of inoculum. Alternative hosts and soil are not regarded as epidemiologically important sources of inoculum. P. syringae pv. pisi survives, multiplies and spreads epiphytica

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Walker, S. R., I. N. Taylor, G. Milne, V. A. Osten, Z. Hoque, and R. J. Farquharson. "A survey of management and economic impact of weeds in dryland cotton cropping systems of subtropical Australia." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 45, no. 1 (2005): 79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea03189.

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In dryland cotton cropping systems, the main weeds and effectiveness of management practices were identified, and the economic impact of weeds was estimated using information collected in a postal and a field survey of Southern Queensland and northern New South Wales. Forty-eight completed questionnaires were returned, and 32 paddocks were monitored in early and late summer for weed species and density. The main problem weeds were bladder ketmia (Hibiscus trionum), common sowthistle (Sonchus oleraceus), barnyard grasses (Echinochloa spp.), liverseed grass (Urochloa panicoides) and black bindwe

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Robertson, Michael, and Clinton Revell. "Perennial pastures in cropping systems of southern Australia: an overview of present and future research." Crop and Pasture Science 65, no. 10 (2014): 1084. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/cp14040.

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Addressing the opportunities and challenges for integrating perennial forages and shrubs into the mixed crop–livestock farming systems of southern Australia has been the focus of the Future Farm Industries Cooperative Research Centre EverCrop project. This overview discusses the use of perennial plants in cropping landscapes in terms of the concepts of ‘rotation, separation and integration’ and highlights the contribution of papers in this special issue of Crop and Pasture Science across a range of biophysical and socioeconomic factors. Drivers for the inclusion of perennial forage plants incl

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Armstrong, R. D., R. Perris, M. Munn, K. Dunsford, F. Robertson, G. J. Hollaway, and G. J. O. Leary. "Effects of long-term rotation and tillage practice on grain yield and protein of wheat and soil fertility on a Vertosol in a medium-rainfall temperate environment." Crop and Pasture Science 70, no. 1 (2019): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/cp17437.

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Fundamental changes in farming systems occurred throughout the medium-rainfall zone of southern Australia during the late 1990s. Pulse and canola crops replaced pastures and long-fallowing, and minimal-tillage practices were increasingly adopted. An experiment was established in 1998 to examine long-term effects of these changes on crop productivity and soil fertility. Nine rotation–tillage treatments based on 3- and 6-year cycles were compared by using wheat (Triticum aestivum) as a bioassay crop over 2001–17. Seasonal conditions during the study ranged from the Millennium Drought to the top

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Yunusa, I. A. M., W. D. Bellotti, A. D. Moore, M. E. Probert, J. A. Baldock, and S. M. Miyan. "An exploratory evaluation of APSIM to simulate growth and yield processes for winter cereals in rotation systems in South Australia." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 44, no. 8 (2004): 787. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea03121.

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The Agricultural Production Systems Simulator (APSIM) suite of models was used to predict dynamics in water and nitrogen in soil, as well as the growth and yield of sequential crops of wheat and barley in pasture–wheat–barley rotations, between 1995 and 1997 at Roseworthy, South Australia. The NWHEAT model satisfactorily predicted above-ground dry matter, leaf area index and grain yields for both crops in rotations with either grassy (Grass) or medic (Medic) pastures, including the lack of significant response of yield to nitrogen fertiliser applied to wheat at sowing. Simulation data for soil

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Roget, DK. "Decline in root rot (Rhizoctonia solani AG-8) in wheat in a tillage and rotation experiment at Avon, South Australia." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 35, no. 7 (1995): 1009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea9951009.

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Studies of a tillage x rotation field experiment begun in 1978 at Avon, South Australia, have demonstrated a decline in rhizoctonia root rot of wheat. In direct-drilled treatments the severity of rhizoctonia root rot culminated in 1983, with patches of poor plant growth accounting for up to 46% of the crop area, and then declined to negligible levels by 1990. Disease severity was significantly less in cultivated than direct-drilled treatments. In cultivated treatments the onset of decline was more difficult to determine, but by 1990 there was negligible rhizoctonia root rot in either tillage t

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Silsbury, JH. "Grain yield of wheat in rotation with pea, vetch or medic grown with three systems of management." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 30, no. 5 (1990): 645. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea9900645.

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Pea (Pisum sativum L. cv. Alma), vetch (Vicia sativa L. cv. Languedoc) and annual medic (Medicago truncatula Gaertn. cv. Paraggio) were grown at Brinkworth, South Australia, in 1987 in large (0.75 ha) plots and subjected to 3 systems of management: (i) ploughing in at flowering as a green manure crop, (ii) harvesting for grain and ploughing in the dry residues, and (iii) harvesting for grain and removing the residues. A wheat crop was sown over the whole area in the following season (1988) and the effects of type of legume and management on grain yield and grain protein content were measured.

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