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Journal articles on the topic 'Cropping systems'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 25 July 2025

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1

Tanaka, D. L., J. M. Krupinsky, M. A. Liebig, et al. "Dynamic Cropping Systems." Agronomy Journal 94, no. 5 (2002): 957–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/agronj2002.9570.

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2

Coulter, Jeffrey A. "Sustainable Cropping Systems." Agronomy 10, no. 4 (2020): 494. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10040494.

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Crop production must increase substantially to meet the needs of a rapidly growing human population, but this is constrained by the availability of resources such as nutrients, water, and land. There is also an urgent need to reduce negative environmental impacts from crop production. Collectively, these issues represent one of the greatest challenges of the twenty-first century. Sustainable cropping systems based on ecological principles, appropriate use of inputs, and soil improvement are the core for integrated approaches to solve this grand challenge. This special issue includes several re

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3

Gil, Juliana. "Multiple cropping systems." Nature Food 1, no. 10 (2020): 593. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s43016-020-00177-6.

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4

Stern, W. R. "Multiple cropping systems." Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment 19, no. 3 (1987): 272–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0167-8809(87)90006-5.

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5

Harris, P. M. "Multiple cropping systems." Agricultural Systems 25, no. 3 (1987): 238–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0308-521x(87)90024-2.

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6

Tanaka, D. L., J. M. Krupinsky, M. A. Liebig, et al. "Dynamic Cropping Systems." Agronomy Journal 94, no. 5 (2002): 957. http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/agronj2002.0957.

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7

Shibles, Richard. "Multiple cropping systems." Field Crops Research 18, no. 1 (1988): 87–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0378-4290(88)90061-5.

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8

Bremer, Eric, Ross McKenzie, Doon Paul, Ben Ellert, and Henry Janzen. "Evaluation of cropping systems." Crops & Soils 50, no. 1 (2017): 40–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/cs2017.50.0108.

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9

Hutchinson, Chad M., and Milton E. McGiffen. "640 Sustainable Cropping Systems." HortScience 34, no. 3 (1999): 558A—558. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.34.3.558a.

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The goals of sustainable agriculture include decreased reliance on synthetic nutrients and pesticides and improved environmental quality for the long-term benefit of the land, livelihood of growers, and their communities. Cropping systems that maximize these goals use alternative fertility and pest control options to produce crops with minimal soil erosion and nutrient leaching. Cropping system elements that can help achieve these goals include: reduced tillage, cover crops, and organic soil amendments. Cover crops are grown before the cash crop and used to replenish the soil with nitrogen and

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10

Jayakumar, K., and R. M. Alagappan. "Studies on Rice-Based Cropping Systems." International Rice Research Newsletter 15, no. 4 (1990): 31. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7179442.

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This article 'Studies on Rice-Based Cropping Systems' appeared in the International Rice Research Newsletter series, created by the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI). The primary objective of this publication was to expedite communication among scientists concerned with the development of improved technology for rice and for rice based cropping systems. This publication will report what scientists are doing to increase the production of rice in as much as this crop feeds the most densely populated and land scarce nations in the world.

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11

Y. J. Tsai, J. W. Jones, and J. W. Mishoe. "Optimizing Multiple Cropping Systems: A Systems Approach." Transactions of the ASAE 30, no. 6 (1987): 1554–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.30601.

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12

Boquet, Donald J., and Gary A. Breitenbeck. "Cropping Systems Trends and Advances." Crop Science 44, no. 6 (2004): 2285. http://dx.doi.org/10.2135/cropsci2004.2285.

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13

Klock, John. "Cropping Systems. Trends and Advances." Economic Botany 59, no. 2 (2005): 211–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1663/0013-0001(2005)059[0211:cstaa]2.0.co;2.

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14

Guo, Yufang. "Integrated cropping systems for smallholders." Nature Food 2, no. 10 (2021): 751. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s43016-021-00389-4.

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15

S. M., Shilpha. "Energetics in Various Cropping Systems." International Journal of Pure & Applied Bioscience 6, no. 4 (2018): 303–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.18782/2320-7051.6316.

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16

Lal, R. "Cropping Systems and Soil Quality." Journal of Crop Production 8, no. 1-2 (2003): 33–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j144v08n01_03.

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17

Peterson, G. A. "Cropping Systems: Trends and Advances." Soil Science 170, no. 1 (2005): 75–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00010694-200501000-00010.

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18

Hamza, M. A., and W. K. Anderson. "Soil compaction in cropping systems." Soil and Tillage Research 82, no. 2 (2005): 121–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2004.08.009.

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19

Timsina, Jagadish. "Cropping Systems: Trends and Advances." Agricultural Systems 83, no. 2 (2005): 225–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.agsy.2004.06.014.

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20

Malézieux, Eric. "Designing cropping systems from nature." Agronomy for Sustainable Development 32, no. 1 (2011): 15–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13593-011-0027-z.

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21

Parsad, Rajender, V. K. Gupta, and R. Srivastava. "Designs for cropping systems research." Journal of Statistical Planning and Inference 137, no. 5 (2007): 1687–703. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jspi.2006.09.018.

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22

Jensen, Erik S., Mark B. Peoples, and Henrik Hauggaard-Nielsen. "Faba bean in cropping systems." Field Crops Research 115, no. 3 (2010): 203–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2009.10.008.

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23

MILBOURN, GRAHAM. "New technology for cropping systems." Annals of Applied Biology 120, no. 2 (1992): 189–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-7348.1992.tb03416.x.

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24

Baldock, J. A., and B. D. Kay. "Soil aggregation and cropping systems." Soil and Tillage Research 8 (November 1986): 365. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0167-1987(86)90427-7.

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25

Schafer, R. L., and C. E. Johnson. "Soil dynamics and cropping systems." Soil and Tillage Research 16, no. 1-2 (1990): 143–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0167-1987(90)90026-a.

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26

Rashid, M. Harunur, BJ Shirazy, M. Ibrahim, and SM Shahidullah. "Cropping Systems and their Diversity in Khulna Region." Bangladesh Rice Journal 21, no. 2 (2018): 203–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/brj.v21i2.38207.

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This study includes the existing cropping pattern, cropping intensity and crop diversity of Khulna region. A pre-designed and pre-tested semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect the information and validated through organizing workshop. Single T. Aman cropping pattern was the most dominant cropping pattern in Khulna region existed in 17 out of 25 upazilas. Boro-Fallow-T. Aman cropping pattern ranked the second position distributed almost in all upazilas. Boro-Fish was the third cropping pattern in the region distributed to 17 upazilas with the major share in Chitalmari, Dumuria, Rupsh

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27

Muttaleb, MA, SM Shahidullah, M. Nasim, and A. Saha. "Cropping Systems and Land Use in Sylhet Region." Bangladesh Rice Journal 21, no. 2 (2018): 273–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/brj.v21i2.38211.

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Towards the sustainable food security for a particular area, the policymakers, researchers, extension and development agents need the detailed information of cropping patterns, cropping intensity and crop diversity. Sylhet, a potential region of enormous potentiality of growing crops across the haor area lying below the northeastern Himalyan foothills experience the highest rainfall in the world to make the basin prone to flashflood. That is why, a study was conducted in the region considering all the upazillas during 2016 using the pretested semi-structured questionnaire and validated by appr

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28

SAEIDI, Mahmoodreza, Yaghoub RAEI, Rouhollah AMINI, Akbar TAGHIZADEH, Bahman PASBAN-ESLAM, and Asal ROHI SARALAN. "Competition Indices of Safflower and Faba Bean Intercrops as Affected by Fertilizers." Notulae Scientia Biologicae 11, no. 1 (2019): 130–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.15835/nsb11110340.

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Cropping systems of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) with faba bean (Vicia faba L.) under different fertility were compared with sole cropping of each crop during 2015 and 2016 at the Research Farm of Tabriz University in Iran. The treatments were cropping systems (safflower and faba bean sole croppings, intercropping systems of safflower and faba bean with ratios of 1:1 and 2:1), and nutrient levels (100% chemical fertilizers, 60%, 30% chemical + biofertilizers and no fertilizer). A factorial set of treatments based on a randomized complete block design replicated three times was used. Cro

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29

Hawes, Young, Banks, et al. "Whole-Systems Analysis of Environmental and Economic Sustainability in Arable Cropping Systems: A Case Study." Agronomy 9, no. 8 (2019): 438. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy9080438.

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The long-term sustainability of crop production depends on the complex network of interactions and trade-offs between biotic, abiotic and economic components of agroecosystems. An integrated arable management system was designed to maintain yields, whilst enhancing biodiversity and minimising environmental impact. Management interventions included conservation tillage and organic matter incorporation for soil biophysical health, reduced crop protection inputs and integrated pest management strategies for enhanced biodiversity and ecosystem functions, and intercropping, cover cropping and under

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30

Paydar, Zahra, Neil Huth, Anthony Ringrose-Voase, et al. "Deep drainage and land use systems. Model verification and systems comparison." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 56, no. 9 (2005): 995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar04303.

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Deep drainage or drainage below the bottom of the profile usually occurs when rain infiltrates moist soil with insufficient capacity to store the additional water. This drainage is believed to be contributing to watertable rise and salinity in some parts of the Liverpool Plains catchment in northern New South Wales. The effect of land use on deep drainage was investigated by comparing the traditional long fallow system with more intense ‘opportunity cropping’. Long fallowing (2 crops in 3 years) is used to store rainfall in the soil profile but risks substantial deep drainage. Opportunity crop

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31

Dr., Anil Kumar Gupta. "CROPPING PATTERNS AND CROPPING SYSTEMS IN INDIA AND ITS DIFFERENCE: A REVIEW ARTICLE." International Journal of Current Pharmaceutical Review and Research 10, no. 1 (2018): 23–26. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12672591.

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The present study is indicated the overview about cropping system and cropping patters inindia Farmers made their crop selections based on physical, social, and economicconsiderations. On occasion, they rotate a specific crop combination over a period of timewhile cultivating a variety of crops on their farms. But it is noteworthy that the finest farmingtechniques always adhere to specific cropping patterns and cropping systems to increaseproductivity and preserve soil fertility

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32

Zarei, Fatemeh, and Somaye Baniasadi. "A Study on Sustainability of Contemporary Cropping Systems in Bam." Advances in Social Sciences Research Journal 7, no. 10 (2020): 78–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.14738/assrj.710.9080.

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The study was conducted in Bam in 2019 to develop an index to quantify sustainability of cropping systems in the region. The studied cropping systems included single-cropping systems (palm trees) and multi-cropping systems (citrus, palm trees and alfalfa). The studied indices included economic, social, agricultural indices, as well as, personal features, market access, features of communication, education-extension activities, sustainable agricultural knowledge, attitude towards sustainable agriculture, and obstacles facing sustainable agriculture. The results indicated that the amount of sust

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33

Kuipers, H. "Tillage machinery systems as related to cropping systems." Journal of Terramechanics 22, no. 3 (1985): 176. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-4898(85)90087-4.

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34

Shahidullah, SM, M. Nasim, MK Quais, and A. Saha. "Diversity of Cropping Systems in Chittagong Region." Bangladesh Rice Journal 21, no. 2 (2018): 109–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/brj.v21i2.38199.

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The study was conducted over all 42 upazilas of Chittagong region during 2016 using pre-tested semistructured questionnaire with a view to document the existing cropping patterns, cropping intensity and crop diversity in the region. The most dominant cropping pattern Boro−Fallow−T. Aman occupied about 23% of net cropped area (NCA) of the region with its distribution over 38 upazilas out 42. The second largest area, 19% of NCA, was covered by single T. Aman, which was spread out over 32 upazilas. A total of 93 cropping patterns were identified in the whole region under the present investigation

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35

Thaddeus Egboka, Nzube, Leonard Chimaobi Agim, Michael Akaninyene Okon, Nnaemeka Henry Okoli, Akaninyene Isaiah Afangide, and Philomena Nkem Okonjo. "POPULATION DENSITY OF ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZAL FUNGI AND PHYSICO-CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF SOILS AS AFFECTED BY CROPPING SYSTEMS." Journal CleanWAS 6, no. 1 (2022): 27–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.26480/jcleanwas.01.2022.27.32.

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Cropping pattern exerts significant impact on the population density of the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and on soil properties. The study examined the population of indigenous AMF communities as well as status of soil properties under different cropping systems in Aluu, Rivers state, Nigeria. Two farm sites of mono cropping and mixed cropping systems and a fallow land (which served as control) were sampled at 0 – 20 cm depth of soil. Soil samples were analyzed in the laboratory for their physical and chemical properties as well as for the estimation of AMF spore density and resulting da

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36

Khaliq, Abdul, Iqbal Hussain, Syed Ahtisham Masood, et al. "Economic Impact of Cotton-Raya Relay Cropping on Crop Yield and Soil Health: A Strategic Approach to Climate Resilience and Profit Maximization." Journal of Economic Impact 6, no. 3 (2024): 196–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.52223/econimpact.2024.6302.

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Climate change, soil degradation, and depletion of natural resources challenge agricultural productivity and economic sustainability. Developing resilient agricultural systems is crucial for food security amid these changes. Relay cropping, where one plant species is inter-seeded into an established crop, maintains continuous plant cover, optimizes resource use, and enhances climate resilience. Therefore, the objective of research was to assess the economic benefits of relay cropping systems in enhancing crop yield and improving soil health. It aims to identify how these practices contribute t

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37

Sri, Kadiveti Navya, D. K. Sinha, Tulika Kumari, K. M. Singh, and Nasim Ahmad. "Paddy-based Cropping Systems and their Sustainability: A Micro-level Study of Nellore District of Andhra Pradesh, India." Asian Journal of Agricultural Extension, Economics & Sociology 42, no. 10 (2024): 35–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ajaees/2024/v42i102560.

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A sustainable cropping system is needed to ensure profitable, productive and less risky crop production, particularly when the agricultural sector is experiencing climatic uncertainty and price volatility. Hence, the study aims to identify paddy-based cropping systems and their sustainability in the Nellore district of Andhra Pradesh. The study is based on primary data collected during 2022-23 with the help of a pre-structured schedule. The major cropping systems based on paddy were identified as system Ⅰ (paddy-groundnut), cropping system Ⅱ (paddy-paddy), & cropping system Ⅲ (paddy-cotton

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38

Shirazy, BJ, ABMJ Islam, MMR Dewan, and SM Shahidullah. "Crops and Cropping Systems in Dinajpur Region." Bangladesh Rice Journal 21, no. 2 (2018): 143–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/brj.v21i2.38202.

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The development of agricultural planning largely depends on the reliable and comprehensive statistics of the existing cropping patterns, cropping intensity and crop diversity of a particular area, which will provide a guideline to the policy makers, researchers, extensionists and development workers. A study was undertaken over all the upazilas of Dinajpur region during 2016 using pre-tested semi-structured questionnaire with a view to document of the existing cropping patterns, intensity and diversity for the region. The most important cropping pattern Boro-Fallow-T. Aman occupied about 41% o

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39

González-Cueto, Omar, Fidel Diego-Nava, Elvis López-Bravo, et al. "Energy Use Efficiency of Organic and Conventional Cropping Systems of Sugarcane." Transactions of the ASABE 63, no. 2 (2020): 259–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/trans.13544.

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HighlightsOrganic cropping systems were less efficient in energy use.Sugarcane for seed was the highest energy input due to the consumption of 12 t ha-1 of seed.The second largest part of the energy input was the fuel consumed during mechanized operations.Abstract.Analysis of energy use efficiency provides an assessment of non-renewable energy consumption; it is a useful indicator of environmental and long-term sustainability when comparing cropping systems. This study aimed to estimate the energy use efficiency of organic and conventional cropping systems of sugarcane for sugar production in

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40

Srivastava, Khusbhoo, H. S. Jat, M. D. Meena, Madhu Choudhary, A. K. Mishra, and S. K. Chaudhari. "Long term impact of different cropping systems on soil quality under silty loam soils of Indo-Gangetic plains of India." Journal of Applied and Natural Science 8, no. 2 (2016): 584–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.31018/jans.v8i2.841.

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In a multi-enterprise agriculture model, six different cropping systems have been evaluated at research farm of CSSRI Karnal for nutrient availability in surface soil. All the cropping systems left tremendous effect on soil quality. Among the different cropping systems, sorghum-berseem maintained lowest soil pH (8.14) followed by cowpea-cauliflower-potato cropping system (8.35). Sorghum-berseem cropping system was significantly build-up of soil fertility in terms of available nitrogen, (221.1kg/ha) and soil organic carbon (0.59%) as compared to other cropping systems. However, phosphorus (59.8

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41

C, JAYANTHI, RANGASAMY A, and CHINNUSAMY C. "COMPONENTS PRODUCTIVITY IN LOWLAND INTEGRATED FARMING SYSTEMS." Madras Agricultural Journal 84, April (1997): 208–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.29321/maj.10.a00872.

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Field investigations were carried out under lowland farming at the Department of Agronomy. Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore for two years (1993-94 and 1994-95) to identify best mix from among poultry, pigeon, fish and mushroom components with cropping as base activity in comparision with cropping alone, Productivity of each component was recorded on their economic products and expressed as rice grain equivalent yield after conversion on the basis of unit price. Results indicated that integration of cropping with components like fish and mushroom as well as poultry and pigeon resu

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42

Rashid, M. Harun Ar, ABMJ Islam, BJ Shirazy, and SM Shahidullah. "Cropping Systems and Land Use Pattern in Rajshahi Region." Bangladesh Rice Journal 21, no. 2 (2018): 237–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/brj.v21i2.38209.

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Attempts have been made in this paper to overview the existing cropping patterns, crops diversity and cropping intensity in Rajshahi region. The study was conducted in all the upazilas of four districts of Rajshahi region during 2014-15 using pre-tested semi-structured questionnaires. The most predominating crop in this area was rice where exclusive rice based patterns occupied 40.48% of NCA. Boro-Fallow-T. Aman was the dominant cropping pattern, occupied 22.83% of NCA in 27 upazilas out of 32. The second dominant cropping pattern in Rajshahi region was Boro-Fallow-Fallow. It occupied 7.23% of

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43

Broersma, K., N. G. Juma, and J. A. Robertson. "Plant residue and cropping system effects on N dynamics in a Gray Luvisolic soil." Canadian Journal of Soil Science 80, no. 2 (2000): 277–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/s99-070.

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Soil samples from differing cropping systems were amended with 15N-labeled plant residues having varying carbon to nitrogen (C:N) ratios to quantify N dynamics in a Gray Luvisolic soil. For non-amended cropping systems a significantly greater amount of total N was mineralized from the continuous legume (CL) than from the continuous grass (CG), barley/forage (BF) rotations, or continuous barley (CB) cropping systems. The addition of the fababean (Vicia faba L.) plant residue resulted in net N mineralization from most of the cropping systems. After 20 wk, 14.0%, 10.5% and 7.1% of the 15N was min

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44

Pelzer, E., C. Bourlet, G. Carlsson, R. J. Lopez-Bellido, E. S. Jensen, and M. H. Jeuffroy. "Design, assessment and feasibility of legume-based cropping systems in three European regions." Crop and Pasture Science 68, no. 11 (2017): 902. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/cp17064.

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Grain legumes in cropping systems result in agronomic and environmental benefits. Nevertheless, their areas in Europe have strongly decreased over the past decades. Our aim was to design locally adapted innovative cropping systems including grain legumes for three European local pedoclimatic contexts, to assess their sustainability, and to discuss their feasibility with stakeholders. The methodology included an initial diagnosis of the most frequent cropping systems and local improvement targets in each local context (e.g. improve legume profitability, limit diseases of legumes, reduce intensi

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45

RATHORE, V. S., N. S. NATHAWAT, B. MEEL, B. M. YADAV, and J. P. SINGH. "RELATIVE PRODUCTIVITY, PROFITABILITY AND WATER USE EFFICIENCY OF CROPPING SYSTEMS IN HOT ARID INDIA." Experimental Agriculture 50, no. 4 (2014): 549–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0014479714000052.

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SUMMARYThe choice of an appropriate cropping system is critical to maintaining or enhancing agricultural sustainability. Yield, profitability and water use efficiency are important factors for determining suitability of cropping systems in hot arid region. In a two-year field experiment (2009/10–2010/11) on loam sandy soils of Bikaner, India, the production potential, profitability and water use efficiency (WUE) of five cropping systems (groundnut–wheat, groundnut–isabgol, groundnut–chickpea, cluster bean–wheat and mung bean–wheat) each at six nutrient application rate (NAR) i.e. 0, 25, 50, 75

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46

C, JAYANTHI, RANGASAMY A, and CHINNUSAMY C. "Water budgeting for components in lowland integrated farming systems." Madras Agricultural Journal 87, september (2000): 411–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.29321/maj.10.a00486.

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Field investigations were carried out to estimate water budgeting for the allied components like cropping, poultry, pigeon, fish and mushroom linked in lowland integrated farming systems at Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore during 1993-96. Water requirement for the allied components was estimated by adopting standard methodology. Results revealed that cultivation of rice-greengram-maize and rice-sunnhemp-maize cropping systems each in 0.50 hectare consumed 182 ha cm of water totally in a year. Whereas 201 ha cm of water was needed for rice-soybean-sunflower and rice-gingelly-maize

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47

Kumar, B. V., and K. A. Reddy. "Rice-Based Cropping Systems for Andhra Pradesh." International Rice Research Newsletter 16, no. 4 (1991): 23–24. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7218418.

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This article 'Rice-Based Cropping Systems for Andhra Pradesh' appeared in the International Rice Research Newsletter series, created by the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI). The primary objective of this publication was to expedite communication among scientists concerned with the development of improved technology for rice and for rice based cropping systems. This publication will report what scientists are doing to increase the production of rice in as much as this crop feeds the most densely populated and land scarce nations in the world.

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48

Sidhu, M. S., T. S. Sahota, B. D. Sharma, and B. K. Dhaliwal. "Some Transplanted Rice-Based Cropping Systems." International Rice Research Newsletter 15, no. 3 (1990): 36. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7179318.

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This article 'Some Transplanted Rice-Based Cropping Systems' appeared in the International Rice Research Newsletter series, created by the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI). The primary objective of this publication was to expedite communication among scientists concerned with the development of improved technology for rice and for rice based cropping systems. This publication will report what scientists are doing to increase the production of rice in as much as this crop feeds the most densely populated and land scarce nations in the world.

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49

Kitavi, Everlyne Katilo, Charles Kimani Ndung’u, and Moses Mwangi. "Temporal variation in soil quality and carbon sequestration potential of different cropping systems in Arid and Semi-Arid parts of South Eastern Kenya." East African Journal of Agriculture and Biotechnology 7, no. 2 (2024): 221–34. https://doi.org/10.37284/eajab.7.2.2532.

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The use of incorrect agricultural methods and utilization of land, excessive inorganic chemical applications, misguided cultivation, and nutrient mining have all contributed to a considerable deterioration in soil health globally. To meet the requirements of growing inhabitants, farmers have turned to unsustainable methods including monoculture, excessive use of pesticides and fertilizers, and increased agricultural intensification. A study to determine the seasonal variation of soil quality under different cropping systems and carbon sequestration potential was done during the years 2018 and

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Hannukkala, Asko O., and Eeva Tapio. "Conventional and organic cropping systems at Suitia V: Cereal diseases." Agricultural and Food Science 62, no. 4 (1990): 339–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.23986/afsci.72908.

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Abstract:

The occurrence of diseases on barley and winter wheat was surveyed in a field experiment comparing four conventional and four organic cropping systems in 1982—88. On barley, foliar diseases were of minor importance regardless of the cropping system. On winter wheat, powdery mildew (Erysiphe graminis), yellow rust (Puccinia striiformis) and leaf blotch (Septoria nodorum) were more prevalent in conventional than in organic cropping systems. Root and foot rot diseases (Bipolaris sorokiniana, Fusarium spp. and Gaeumannomyces graminis) were frequent on barley and winter wheat in each cropping syste

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