Journal articles: 'Cropping systems'

1

Tanaka, D. L., J. M. Krupinsky, M. A. Liebig, S. D. Merrill, R. E. Ries, J. R. Hendrickson, H. A. Johnson, and J. D. Hanson. "Dynamic Cropping Systems." Agronomy Journal 94, no. 5 (September 2002): 957–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/agronj2002.9570.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

2

Coulter, Jeffrey A. "Sustainable Cropping Systems." Agronomy 10, no. 4 (April 1, 2020): 494. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10040494.

Full text

Abstract:

Crop production must increase substantially to meet the needs of a rapidly growing human population, but this is constrained by the availability of resources such as nutrients, water, and land. There is also an urgent need to reduce negative environmental impacts from crop production. Collectively, these issues represent one of the greatest challenges of the twenty-first century. Sustainable cropping systems based on ecological principles, appropriate use of inputs, and soil improvement are the core for integrated approaches to solve this grand challenge. This special issue includes several review and original research articles on these topics for an array of cropping systems, which can advise implementation of best management practices and lead to advances in agronomics for sustainable intensification of crop production.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

3

Gil, Juliana. "Multiple cropping systems." Nature Food 1, no. 10 (October 2020): 593. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s43016-020-00177-6.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

4

Stern, W. R. "Multiple cropping systems." Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment 19, no. 3 (July 1987): 272–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0167-8809(87)90006-5.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

5

Harris, P. M. "Multiple cropping systems." Agricultural Systems 25, no. 3 (January 1987): 238–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0308-521x(87)90024-2.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

6

Tanaka, D. L., J. M. Krupinsky, M. A. Liebig, S. D. Merrill, R. E. Ries, J. R. Hendrickson, H. A. Johnson, and J. D. Hanson. "Dynamic Cropping Systems." Agronomy Journal 94, no. 5 (2002): 957. http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/agronj2002.0957.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

7

Shibles, Richard. "Multiple cropping systems." Field Crops Research 18, no. 1 (February 1988): 87–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0378-4290(88)90061-5.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

8

Bremer, Eric, Ross McKenzie, Doon Paul, Ben Ellert, and Henry Janzen. "Evaluation of cropping systems." Crops & Soils 50, no. 1 (January 2017): 40–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/cs2017.50.0108.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

9

Hutchinson, Chad M., and Milton E. McGiffen. "640 Sustainable Cropping Systems." HortScience 34, no. 3 (June 1999): 558A—558. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.34.3.558a.

Full text

Abstract:

The goals of sustainable agriculture include decreased reliance on synthetic nutrients and pesticides and improved environmental quality for the long-term benefit of the land, livelihood of growers, and their communities. Cropping systems that maximize these goals use alternative fertility and pest control options to produce crops with minimal soil erosion and nutrient leaching. Cropping system elements that can help achieve these goals include: reduced tillage, cover crops, and organic soil amendments. Cover crops are grown before the cash crop and used to replenish the soil with nitrogen and organic matter. Cover crops often also influence pest populations and can be selected based on site-specific growing conditions. Cover crops can be mulched on the soil surface to prevent erosion and weed emergence or can be tilled directly into the soil to incorporate nitrogen and organic matter. Green waste mulch is an increasingly used soil amendment. Many municipalities are encouraging farmers to use green waste mulch in farming systems as an alternative to green waste disposal in landfills. Reduced tillage was once restricted to large-seeded field crops but recent technical advances have made it a feasible option for vegetables and other horticultural crops. Alternative farming practices; however, are still only used by a small minority of growers. Increases in price for organic produce and changes in laws governing farming operations may increase adoption of alternatives to conventional agriculture.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

10

Y. J. Tsai, J. W. Jones, and J. W. Mishoe. "Optimizing Multiple Cropping Systems: A Systems Approach." Transactions of the ASAE 30, no. 6 (1987): 1554–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.30601.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

11

Boquet, Donald J., and Gary A. Breitenbeck. "Cropping Systems Trends and Advances." Crop Science 44, no. 6 (November 2004): 2285. http://dx.doi.org/10.2135/cropsci2004.2285.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

12

Klock, John. "Cropping Systems. Trends and Advances." Economic Botany 59, no. 2 (April 2005): 211–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1663/0013-0001(2005)059[0211:cstaa]2.0.co;2.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

13

Guo, Yufang. "Integrated cropping systems for smallholders." Nature Food 2, no. 10 (October 2021): 751. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s43016-021-00389-4.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

14

S. M., Shilpha. "Energetics in Various Cropping Systems." International Journal of Pure & Applied Bioscience 6, no. 4 (August 30, 2018): 303–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.18782/2320-7051.6316.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

15

Lal, R. "Cropping Systems and Soil Quality." Journal of Crop Production 8, no. 1-2 (February 2003): 33–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j144v08n01_03.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

16

Peterson, G. A. "Cropping Systems: Trends and Advances." Soil Science 170, no. 1 (January 2005): 75–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00010694-200501000-00010.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

17

Hamza, M. A., and W. K. Anderson. "Soil compaction in cropping systems." Soil and Tillage Research 82, no. 2 (June 2005): 121–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2004.08.009.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

18

Timsina, Jagadish. "Cropping Systems: Trends and Advances." Agricultural Systems 83, no. 2 (February 2005): 225–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.agsy.2004.06.014.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

19

Malézieux, Eric. "Designing cropping systems from nature." Agronomy for Sustainable Development 32, no. 1 (June 1, 2011): 15–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13593-011-0027-z.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

20

Parsad, Rajender, V. K. Gupta, and R. Srivastava. "Designs for cropping systems research." Journal of Statistical Planning and Inference 137, no. 5 (May 2007): 1687–703. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jspi.2006.09.018.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

21

Jensen, Erik S., Mark B. Peoples, and Henrik Hauggaard-Nielsen. "Faba bean in cropping systems." Field Crops Research 115, no. 3 (February 2010): 203–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2009.10.008.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

22

MILBOURN, GRAHAM. "New technology for cropping systems." Annals of Applied Biology 120, no. 2 (April 1992): 189–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-7348.1992.tb03416.x.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

23

Baldock, J. A., and B. D. Kay. "Soil aggregation and cropping systems." Soil and Tillage Research 8 (November 1986): 365. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0167-1987(86)90427-7.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

24

Schafer, R. L., and C. E. Johnson. "Soil dynamics and cropping systems." Soil and Tillage Research 16, no. 1-2 (April 1990): 143–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0167-1987(90)90026-a.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

25

Rashid, M. Harunur, BJ Shirazy, M. Ibrahim, and SM Shahidullah. "Cropping Systems and their Diversity in Khulna Region." Bangladesh Rice Journal 21, no. 2 (September 14, 2018): 203–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/brj.v21i2.38207.

Full text

Abstract:

This study includes the existing cropping pattern, cropping intensity and crop diversity of Khulna region. A pre-designed and pre-tested semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect the information and validated through organizing workshop. Single T. Aman cropping pattern was the most dominant cropping pattern in Khulna region existed in 17 out of 25 upazilas. Boro-Fallow-T. Aman cropping pattern ranked the second position distributed almost in all upazilas. Boro-Fish was the third cropping pattern in the region distributed to 17 upazilas with the major share in Chitalmari, Dumuria, Rupsha, Tala, Kalaroa, Mollahat, Terokhada, Bagerhat sadar, Fakirhat, Rampal and Phultala upazilas. Single Boro rice was recorded as the fourth cropping pattern covered 18 upazilas with the higher share in waterlogged area of Dumuria, Mollahat, Tala, Bagerhat sadar, Fakirhat and Rampal. The highest number of cropping patterns was recorded in Kalaroa (26) followed by Tala (24) and the lowest was reported in Mongla (5). The overall crop diversity index (CDI) for the region was 0.93. The highest CDI was in Tala (0.95) and the lowest in Dacope (0.42). The average cropping intensity (CI) of the Khulna region was 171% with the lowest in Mongla (101%) and the highest in Kalaroa (224%).Bangladesh Rice j. 2017, 21(2): 203-215

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

26

Muttaleb, MA, SM Shahidullah, M. Nasim, and A. Saha. "Cropping Systems and Land Use in Sylhet Region." Bangladesh Rice Journal 21, no. 2 (September 14, 2018): 273–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/brj.v21i2.38211.

Full text

Abstract:

Towards the sustainable food security for a particular area, the policymakers, researchers, extension and development agents need the detailed information of cropping patterns, cropping intensity and crop diversity. Sylhet, a potential region of enormous potentiality of growing crops across the haor area lying below the northeastern Himalyan foothills experience the highest rainfall in the world to make the basin prone to flashflood. That is why, a study was conducted in the region considering all the upazillas during 2016 using the pretested semi-structured questionnaire and validated by appropriate informants with a view to documenting the existing cropping patterns, cropping intensity and crop diversity in the region. As per the study the region is dominated by the rice based cropping pattern. The non-rice based cropping pattern are either few or the area under those cropping patterns are not enough to satisfy the non-rice food requirement of people of the region. Beside these, the cropping patterns and crop diversity appeared as below the expected level. Therefore, much thrust is needed to initiate research and development activities to diversify the single or double-cropped cropping pattern with the introduction of appropriate crops and crop varieties even other non-crop agricultural commodities.Bangladesh Rice j. 2017, 21(2): 273-288

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

27

SAEIDI, Mahmoodreza, Yaghoub RAEI, Rouhollah AMINI, Akbar TAGHIZADEH, Bahman PASBAN-ESLAM, and Asal ROHI SARALAN. "Competition Indices of Safflower and Faba Bean Intercrops as Affected by Fertilizers." Notulae Scientia Biologicae 11, no. 1 (March 21, 2019): 130–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.15835/nsb11110340.

Full text

Abstract:

Cropping systems of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) with faba bean (Vicia faba L.) under different fertility were compared with sole cropping of each crop during 2015 and 2016 at the Research Farm of Tabriz University in Iran. The treatments were cropping systems (safflower and faba bean sole croppings, intercropping systems of safflower and faba bean with ratios of 1:1 and 2:1), and nutrient levels (100% chemical fertilizers, 60%, 30% chemical + biofertilizers and no fertilizer). A factorial set of treatments based on a randomized complete block design replicated three times was used. Cropping system and fertility effects were significant for yield and yield components of each crop. Yield and yield components were increased with the integrated use of 60% chemical plus biofertilizers for both years, while seed yield was reduced by intercropping. Maximum land equivalent ratio (LER), relative value total (RVT), system productivity index (SPI) and monetary advantage index (MAI) were achieved in nutritive level of 60% chemical plus biofertilizers as intercropped plants in ratio of 1:1 for both years. The total actual yield loss (AYL) values were positive and greater than zero in all mixtures, indicating an advantage from intercropping over sole crops. Intercropped safflower had a higher relative crowding coefficient (RCC) than intercropped faba bean, indicating that safflower was more competitive than faba bean in intercropping systems. From this study, it is inferred that intercropping (safflower and faba bean) with integrated use of the reduced chemical and biofertilizers may give better overall yield and income than sole cropping of each crop species.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

28

Hawes, Young, Banks, Begg, Christie, Iannetta, Karley, and Squire. "Whole-Systems Analysis of Environmental and Economic Sustainability in Arable Cropping Systems: A Case Study." Agronomy 9, no. 8 (August 8, 2019): 438. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy9080438.

Full text

Abstract:

The long-term sustainability of crop production depends on the complex network of interactions and trade-offs between biotic, abiotic and economic components of agroecosystems. An integrated arable management system was designed to maintain yields, whilst enhancing biodiversity and minimising environmental impact. Management interventions included conservation tillage and organic matter incorporation for soil biophysical health, reduced crop protection inputs and integrated pest management strategies for enhanced biodiversity and ecosystem functions, and intercropping, cover cropping and under-sowing to achieve more sustainable nutrient management. This system was compared directly with standard commercial practice in a split-field experimental design over a six-year crop rotation. The effect of the cropping treatment was assessed according to the responses of a suite of indicators, which were used to parameterise a qualitative multi-attribute model. Scenarios were run to test whether the integrated cropping system achieved greater levels of overall sustainability relative to standard commercial practice. Overall sustainability was rated high for both integrated and conventional management of bean, barley and wheat crops. Winter oilseed crops scored medium for both cropping systems and potatoes scored very low under standard management but achieved a medium level of sustainability with integrated management. In general, high scores for environmental sustainability in integrated cropping systems were offset by low scores for economic sustainability relative to standard commercial practice. This case study demonstrates the value of a ‘whole cropping systems’ approach using qualitative multi-attribute modelling for the assessment of existing cropping systems and for predicting the likely impact of new management interventions on arable sustainability.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

29

Paydar, Zahra, Neil Huth, Anthony Ringrose-Voase, Rick Young, Tony Bernardi, Brian Keating, and Hamish Cresswell. "Deep drainage and land use systems. Model verification and systems comparison." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 56, no. 9 (2005): 995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar04303.

Full text

Abstract:

Deep drainage or drainage below the bottom of the profile usually occurs when rain infiltrates moist soil with insufficient capacity to store the additional water. This drainage is believed to be contributing to watertable rise and salinity in some parts of the Liverpool Plains catchment in northern New South Wales. The effect of land use on deep drainage was investigated by comparing the traditional long fallow system with more intense ‘opportunity cropping’. Long fallowing (2 crops in 3 years) is used to store rainfall in the soil profile but risks substantial deep drainage. Opportunity cropping seeks to lessen this risk by sowing whenever there is sufficient soil moisture. Elements of the water balance and productivity were measured under various farming systems in a field experiment for 4 years in the southern part of the catchment. The experimental results were used to verify APSIM (Agricultural Production Systems Simulator) by comparing them with predictions of production, water storage, and runoff. The verification procedure also involved local farmers and agronomists who assessed the credibility of the predictions and suggested modifications. APSIM provided a realistic simulation of common farming systems in the region and could capture the main hydrological and biological processes. APSIM was then used for long-term (41 years) simulations to predict deep drainage under different systems and extrapolate experimental results. The results showed large differences between agricultural systems mostly because differences in evapotranspiration contributed to differences in profile moisture when it rained. The model predicted that traditional long fallow farming systems (2 crops in 3 years) are quite ‘leaky’, with average annual deep drainage of 34 mm. However, by planting crops in response to the depth of moist soil (opportunity or response cropping), APSIM predicted a much smaller annual drainage rate of 6 mm. Opportunity cropping resulted in overall greater water use and increased production compared with long fallowing. Furthermore, modelling indicated that average annual deep drainage under continuous sorghum (3 mm) is much less than under either long fallow cropping or continuous wheat (39 mm), demonstrating the importance of including summer cropping, as well as increasing cropping frequency, to reducing deep drainage.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

30

Khaliq, Abdul, Iqbal Hussain, Syed Ahtisham Masood, Hafiz Abdul Rauf, Idrees Ahmad, Hafiz Muhammad Zia Ullah Ghazali, Saira Saleem, et al. "Economic Impact of Cotton-Raya Relay Cropping on Crop Yield and Soil Health: A Strategic Approach to Climate Resilience and Profit Maximization." Journal of Economic Impact 6, no. 3 (November 5, 2024): 196–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.52223/econimpact.2024.6302.

Full text

Abstract:

Climate change, soil degradation, and depletion of natural resources challenge agricultural productivity and economic sustainability. Developing resilient agricultural systems is crucial for food security amid these changes. Relay cropping, where one plant species is inter-seeded into an established crop, maintains continuous plant cover, optimizes resource use, and enhances climate resilience. Therefore, the objective of research was to assess the economic benefits of relay cropping systems in enhancing crop yield and improving soil health. It aims to identify how these practices contribute to climate resilience and maximize farm profitability, offering strategic insights for sustainable agriculture in the face of climate change. Brassica (Raya/Mustard) was sown in standing cotton as a relay crop on first week of October- using 3 kg seed/acre, and also a sole crop to compare the results. Economic analysis over three seasons shows that relay cropping consistently achieved higher net profits compared to sole cropping. Results showed that in 2022-23, cotton relay cropping yielded higher with a net profit of Rs. 66,950, compared to sole cotton and a net profit of Rs. 39,200. Relay cropping also improved soil health, with higher soil organic matter levels observed; for example, in 2022-23, cotton relay cropping had 0.78% soil organic matter compared to 0.63% in sole cotton. Although sole cropping offered higher yields for Brassica, relay cropping resulted in better soil nutrient levels. Overall, the relay cropping system yielded a combined net profit of Rs. 130,630 in 2022-23. These findings highlight relay cropping’s potential to enhance farm profitability and sustainability by addressing resource use inefficiencies, reducing input costs, and stabilizing yields, making it a strategic choice for climate resilience and economic stability.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

31

Shahidullah, SM, M. Nasim, MK Quais, and A. Saha. "Diversity of Cropping Systems in Chittagong Region." Bangladesh Rice Journal 21, no. 2 (September 14, 2018): 109–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/brj.v21i2.38199.

Full text

Abstract:

The study was conducted over all 42 upazilas of Chittagong region during 2016 using pre-tested semistructured questionnaire with a view to document the existing cropping patterns, cropping intensity and crop diversity in the region. The most dominant cropping pattern Boro−Fallow−T. Aman occupied about 23% of net cropped area (NCA) of the region with its distribution over 38 upazilas out 42. The second largest area, 19% of NCA, was covered by single T. Aman, which was spread out over 32 upazilas. A total of 93 cropping patterns were identified in the whole region under the present investigation. The highest number of cropping patterns was 28 in Naokhali sadar and the lowest was 4 in Begumganj of the same district. The lowest crop diversity index (CDI) was observed 0.135 in Chatkhil followed by 0.269 in Begumganj. The highest value of CDI was observed in Banshkhali, Chittagong and Noakhali sadar (around 0.95). The range of cropping intensity values was recorded 103−283%. The maximum value was for Kamalnagar upazila of Lakshmipur district and minimum for Chatkhil upazila of Noakhali district. As a whole the CDI of Chittagong region was 0.952 and the average cropping intensity at the regional level was 191%.Bangladesh Rice j. 2017, 21(2): 109-122

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

32

Zarei, Fatemeh, and Somaye Baniasadi. "A Study on Sustainability of Contemporary Cropping Systems in Bam." Advances in Social Sciences Research Journal 7, no. 10 (October 17, 2020): 78–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.14738/assrj.710.9080.

Full text

Abstract:

The study was conducted in Bam in 2019 to develop an index to quantify sustainability of cropping systems in the region. The studied cropping systems included single-cropping systems (palm trees) and multi-cropping systems (citrus, palm trees and alfalfa). The studied indices included economic, social, agricultural indices, as well as, personal features, market access, features of communication, education-extension activities, sustainable agricultural knowledge, attitude towards sustainable agriculture, and obstacles facing sustainable agriculture. The results indicated that the amount of sustainability index was lower than the mean value in 0.56% of the farms and this index was higher than the mean value in 0.44% of the others. Comparison of the mean value of sustainability indices in the studied cropping systems indicated that the mean indices of the type of cropping system, attitude towards sustainable agriculture and extension training activities in multi-cropping systems were more than single crops. The mean indices in social participation and the obstacles facing sustainable agriculture in single cropping systems was more than the multi-cropping ones. Some indices including social participation, sustainable agricultural knowledge and education-extension activities in multivariate regression model remained in the final model as variables that had the largest contribution in the rate of change in the dependent variable (sustainability) and explained = 60% of the changes in the dependent variable. The study showed that the sustainability of multi-cropping systems was more than the single-cropping ones.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

33

Thaddeus Egboka, Nzube, Leonard Chimaobi Agim, Michael Akaninyene Okon, Nnaemeka Henry Okoli, Akaninyene Isaiah Afangide, and Philomena Nkem Okonjo. "POPULATION DENSITY OF ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZAL FUNGI AND PHYSICO-CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF SOILS AS AFFECTED BY CROPPING SYSTEMS." Journal CleanWAS 6, no. 1 (2022): 27–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.26480/jcleanwas.01.2022.27.32.

Full text

Abstract:

Cropping pattern exerts significant impact on the population density of the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and on soil properties. The study examined the population of indigenous AMF communities as well as status of soil properties under different cropping systems in Aluu, Rivers state, Nigeria. Two farm sites of mono cropping and mixed cropping systems and a fallow land (which served as control) were sampled at 0 – 20 cm depth of soil. Soil samples were analyzed in the laboratory for their physical and chemical properties as well as for the estimation of AMF spore density and resulting data were analyzed statistically. Result shows that, soils of the mono cropping and mixed cropping systems are moderately acidic with mean pH values of 5.80 and 5.74, respectively, while the fallow land exhibits a strongly acid soil reaction (pH = 5.29). Concentrations of organic C (9.25 g kg-1), total N (0.97 g kg-1), exchangeable Ca2+ (3.63 cmol kg-1), available P (13.31 mg kg-1) and C:N ratio (7.87) as recorded in the mixed cropping system, were generally higher than the corresponding results in the fallow and mono cropping systems. Spore population of the AMF varied significantly (P < 0.05) across the cropping systems and was highest in the mixed cropping (157 spores 100 g-1 soil) followed by the fallow (144 spores 100 g-1 soil) while the mono cropping (123 spores 100 g-1 soil) had the lowest spore density. Significant negative (P < 0.05) correlations occurred between AMF spore population and soil pH in both the fallow (r = 0.689*) and mixed cropping (-0.670*) systems whereas correlation with C:N ratio was positively significant (P < 0.01) across the cropping systems. Adoption of mixed cropping rather than mono cropping practices should be encouraged in the studied area in order to enjoy maximum benefits of mycorrhizal symbiosis.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

34

Shirazy, BJ, ABMJ Islam, MMR Dewan, and SM Shahidullah. "Crops and Cropping Systems in Dinajpur Region." Bangladesh Rice Journal 21, no. 2 (September 14, 2018): 143–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/brj.v21i2.38202.

Full text

Abstract:

The development of agricultural planning largely depends on the reliable and comprehensive statistics of the existing cropping patterns, cropping intensity and crop diversity of a particular area, which will provide a guideline to the policy makers, researchers, extensionists and development workers. A study was undertaken over all the upazilas of Dinajpur region during 2016 using pre-tested semi-structured questionnaire with a view to document of the existing cropping patterns, intensity and diversity for the region. The most important cropping pattern Boro-Fallow-T. Aman occupied about 41% of net cropped area (NCA) of the region with its distribution over all the upazilas. The second largest area, 9% of NCA, was covered by Wheat-Fallow-T. Aman, which was spread over 18 upazilas. A total of 112 cropping patterns were identified in the whole region. The highest number of cropping patterns was identified 30 in Boda upazila of Panchagarh district while the lowest was 11 in Kaharol upazila of Dinajpur district. The lowest crop diversity index (CDI) was reported 0.708 in Birampur followed by 0.753 in Ghoraghat of Dinajpur. The highest CDI was reported 0.955 in Ranisonkail followed by 0.952 in Baliadangi of Thakurgaon. The range of cropping intensity was recorded 206-249% whereas the maximum value was found for Khansama of Dinajpur and minimum for Boda of Panchagarh district. As a whole, CDI and cropping intensity for Dinajpur region were calculated 0.924 and 229% respectively, which indicates that the land use and crop diversification is not quite enough for the national demand.Bangladesh Rice j. 2017, 21(2): 143-156

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

35

Sri, Kadiveti Navya, D. K. Sinha, Tulika Kumari, K. M. Singh, and Nasim Ahmad. "Paddy-based Cropping Systems and their Sustainability: A Micro-level Study of Nellore District of Andhra Pradesh, India." Asian Journal of Agricultural Extension, Economics & Sociology 42, no. 10 (September 17, 2024): 35–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ajaees/2024/v42i102560.

Full text

Abstract:

A sustainable cropping system is needed to ensure profitable, productive and less risky crop production, particularly when the agricultural sector is experiencing climatic uncertainty and price volatility. Hence, the study aims to identify paddy-based cropping systems and their sustainability in the Nellore district of Andhra Pradesh. The study is based on primary data collected during 2022-23 with the help of a pre-structured schedule. The major cropping systems based on paddy were identified as system Ⅰ (paddy-groundnut), cropping system Ⅱ (paddy-paddy), & cropping system Ⅲ (paddy-cotton). The profitability analysis revealed that the gross returns for cropping systems I, II and III were computed to be Rs. 281916.83, Rs. 259072.90 and Rs. 330072.45. The farmers realized the highest net income, Rs. 169222.62, under cropping system III. The net returns for the cropping systems Ⅰ and Ⅱ were obtained as Rs. 141282.24 and Rs. 127048.48, respectively. The sustainability indices of paddy-groundnut (cropping system I), paddy-paddy (cropping system II) and cropping system III (paddy-cotton) were computed as 42.88%, 50.86% and 60.93%, respectively, and the paddy-cotton cropping system came out as the most profitable and sustainable in the study area. The regression analysis revealed that factors like returns to cost ratio and the cost used for environmentally friendly inputs relative to the overall cost of cultivation were found significant in all three cropping systems.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

36

C, JAYANTHI, RANGASAMY A, and CHINNUSAMY C. "COMPONENTS PRODUCTIVITY IN LOWLAND INTEGRATED FARMING SYSTEMS." Madras Agricultural Journal 84, April (1997): 208–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.29321/maj.10.a00872.

Full text

Abstract:

Field investigations were carried out under lowland farming at the Department of Agronomy. Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore for two years (1993-94 and 1994-95) to identify best mix from among poultry, pigeon, fish and mushroom components with cropping as base activity in comparision with cropping alone, Productivity of each component was recorded on their economic products and expressed as rice grain equivalent yield after conversion on the basis of unit price. Results indicated that integration of cropping with components like fish and mushroom as well as poultry and pigeon resulted in higher productivity than cropping alone under lowland integrated farming system

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

37

Rashid, M. Harun Ar, ABMJ Islam, BJ Shirazy, and SM Shahidullah. "Cropping Systems and Land Use Pattern in Rajshahi Region." Bangladesh Rice Journal 21, no. 2 (September 14, 2018): 237–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/brj.v21i2.38209.

Full text

Abstract:

Attempts have been made in this paper to overview the existing cropping patterns, crops diversity and cropping intensity in Rajshahi region. The study was conducted in all the upazilas of four districts of Rajshahi region during 2014-15 using pre-tested semi-structured questionnaires. The most predominating crop in this area was rice where exclusive rice based patterns occupied 40.48% of NCA. Boro-Fallow-T. Aman was the dominant cropping pattern, occupied 22.83% of NCA in 27 upazilas out of 32. The second dominant cropping pattern in Rajshahi region was Boro-Fallow-Fallow. It occupied 7.23% of NCA of the region and existed in 28 upazilas. Wheat-Fallow-T. Aman was the 3rd dominant pattern and practiced in 4.34% of the NCA in 14 upazilas. The data also revealed that the wheat based patterns stands for 14.7% of NCA. Mustard-Boro-T. Aman was the 4th dominant cropping pattern. A total of 172 cropping patterns were recognized in this region and the maximum (36) numbers of cropping patterns were identified in Paba upazila nearly followed by Durgapur (35) and Chapainawabganj upazila (34) while the lower numbers of cropping patterns were identified in Charghat (11) followed by Bagha (12) upazila of Rajshahi district. The range of cropping intensity values was recorded 171−253%. The maximum value was for Badalgachhi of Naogaon district and minimum for Bagha of Rajshahi district. The overall CDI of Rajshahi region was calculated 0.970 and the average cropping intensity at regional level was 218%.Bangladesh Rice j. 2017, 21(2): 237-254

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

38

González-Cueto, Omar, Fidel Diego-Nava, Elvis López-Bravo, Ruslán Ferreira-Camacho, Diana Estefania Zambrano-Casanova, Luisa Maria Macias-Martinez, and Miguel Herrera-Suárez. "Energy Use Efficiency of Organic and Conventional Cropping Systems of Sugarcane." Transactions of the ASABE 63, no. 2 (2020): 259–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/trans.13544.

Full text

Abstract:

HighlightsOrganic cropping systems were less efficient in energy use.Sugarcane for seed was the highest energy input due to the consumption of 12 t ha-1 of seed.The second largest part of the energy input was the fuel consumed during mechanized operations.Abstract.Analysis of energy use efficiency provides an assessment of non-renewable energy consumption; it is a useful indicator of environmental and long-term sustainability when comparing cropping systems. This study aimed to estimate the energy use efficiency of organic and conventional cropping systems of sugarcane for sugar production in central Cuba. Estimation of the energy use efficiency included analysis of four cropping systems. The energy input in the field until harvest and transport to the sugar mill was the limit of this analysis. The results showed that organic cropping systems were less efficient in energy use because of the greater number of field operations, mainly for weed control by manual and mechanical cultivation. Organic cropping systems also had lower yield compared with conventional systems due to their use of low doses of organic products, instead of agrochemical fertilizers, for plant nutrition. In all cropping systems evaluated, sugarcane used for seed was the largest part of the energy input due to the consumption of 12 t ha-1 of seed, representing an average of 89% of the total energy input for the sugarcane cropping systems. The second largest part of the energy input was the fuel consumed during mechanized operations. Irrigation was the third largest part of the energy input for organic cropping systems and the second largest part of the energy input for conventional cropping systems. Keywords: Agricultural systems, Energy balance, Energy input, Energy output.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

39

Srivastava, Khusbhoo, H. S. Jat, M. D. Meena, Madhu Choudhary, A. K. Mishra, and S. K. Chaudhari. "Long term impact of different cropping systems on soil quality under silty loam soils of Indo-Gangetic plains of India." Journal of Applied and Natural Science 8, no. 2 (June 1, 2016): 584–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.31018/jans.v8i2.841.

Full text

Abstract:

In a multi-enterprise agriculture model, six different cropping systems have been evaluated at research farm of CSSRI Karnal for nutrient availability in surface soil. All the cropping systems left tremendous effect on soil quality. Among the different cropping systems, sorghum-berseem maintained lowest soil pH (8.14) followed by cowpea-cauliflower-potato cropping system (8.35). Sorghum-berseem cropping system was significantly build-up of soil fertility in terms of available nitrogen, (221.1kg/ha) and soil organic carbon (0.59%) as compared to other cropping systems. However, phosphorus (59.80 kg/ha) availability was higher in vegetable system followed by wheat-green gram cropping systems (48.85 kg/ha) than the other cropping systems. Vegetable system of multi-enterprise agriculture model showed more availability of Ca (3.20 me/L), Mg (2.63 me/L) and S (11.71 me/L) than other cropping systems. Higher amount of Fe (8.44 mg/kg) was observed in maize-wheat-green gram cropping system, whereas higher Mn (6.37 mg/kg) was noticed in sorghum-berseem fodder system than the other cropping system. Zn and Cu availability was relatively higher in vegetable system. Under prevailing climatic conditions of Karnal, sorghum-berseem fodder system was found to be the best with respect to soil quality and ready adaptability by the farmers as it was not much changed by climatic variability over the last 6 years. Vegetable system and fruits + vegetable were more or less similar in accelerating the availability of nutrients. Thus, leguminous crop (green gram) in any cropping system helped in improving the soil health, which is a good indicator of soil productivity.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

40

Kuipers, H. "Tillage machinery systems as related to cropping systems." Journal of Terramechanics 22, no. 3 (January 1985): 176. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-4898(85)90087-4.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

41

Pelzer, E., C. Bourlet, G. Carlsson, R. J. Lopez-Bellido, E. S. Jensen, and M. H. Jeuffroy. "Design, assessment and feasibility of legume-based cropping systems in three European regions." Crop and Pasture Science 68, no. 11 (2017): 902. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/cp17064.

Full text

Abstract:

Grain legumes in cropping systems result in agronomic and environmental benefits. Nevertheless, their areas in Europe have strongly decreased over the past decades. Our aim was to design locally adapted innovative cropping systems including grain legumes for three European local pedoclimatic contexts, to assess their sustainability, and to discuss their feasibility with stakeholders. The methodology included an initial diagnosis of the most frequent cropping systems and local improvement targets in each local context (e.g. improve legume profitability, limit diseases of legumes, reduce intensive use of chemical inputs in cropping systems), the design of innovative legume-based cropping systems during a common workshop, focusing on three aims ((i) decrease pesticide use, (ii) reduce mineral N fertiliser dependency, and (iii) increase yield stability of grain legume crops and other crops of the crop sequence), and their multicriteria sustainability assessment. Stakeholders meetings were organised in each local context to discuss the feasibility of implementing the innovative cropping systems in farmers’ fields (technical implementation of cropping systems and possibility of development of legume sectors). Four to five cropping systems were designed in each local context, with crop sequences longer than references. They included at least two grain legumes (pea, faba bean, chickpea, lentil or lupine), as sole crops or intercropped with cereals. Overall sustainability was similar or improved in 71% of the legume-based cropping systems compared with their corresponding references. Among the designed cropping systems, stakeholders identified feasible ones considering both technical issues and development of legume sectors. The results indicate that reintegrating more grain legumes in the three European local contexts tested will contribute to more sustainable farming systems.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

42

Broersma, K., N. G. Juma, and J. A. Robertson. "Plant residue and cropping system effects on N dynamics in a Gray Luvisolic soil." Canadian Journal of Soil Science 80, no. 2 (May 1, 2000): 277–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/s99-070.

Full text

Abstract:

Soil samples from differing cropping systems were amended with 15N-labeled plant residues having varying carbon to nitrogen (C:N) ratios to quantify N dynamics in a Gray Luvisolic soil. For non-amended cropping systems a significantly greater amount of total N was mineralized from the continuous legume (CL) than from the continuous grass (CG), barley/forage (BF) rotations, or continuous barley (CB) cropping systems. The addition of the fababean (Vicia faba L.) plant residue resulted in net N mineralization from most of the cropping systems. After 20 wk, 14.0%, 10.5% and 7.1% of the 15N was mineralized from fababean, barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) and fescue (Festuca rubra L.) amended residues, respectively, when averaged across cropping systems. Key words: Crop residues, cropping systems, Gray Luvisol, N mineralization, 15N, soil amendments

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

43

C, JAYANTHI, RANGASAMY A, and CHINNUSAMY C. "Water budgeting for components in lowland integrated farming systems." Madras Agricultural Journal 87, september (2000): 411–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.29321/maj.10.a00486.

Full text

Abstract:

Field investigations were carried out to estimate water budgeting for the allied components like cropping, poultry, pigeon, fish and mushroom linked in lowland integrated farming systems at Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore during 1993-96. Water requirement for the allied components was estimated by adopting standard methodology. Results revealed that cultivation of rice-greengram-maize and rice-sunnhemp-maize cropping systems each in 0.50 hectare consumed 182 ha cm of water totally in a year. Whereas 201 ha cm of water was needed for rice-soybean-sunflower and rice-gingelly-maize cropping systems in 0.45 ha each involved in integrated farming systems. Poultry, pigeon, fish and mushroom components utilized 0.02, 0.04, 15.84 and 1.37 ha cm of water for their production in a year. Integration of cropping with pigeon + fish mushroom utilized 218 ha cm as against 182 ha em of water with conventional cropping system alone. Integration of poultry and pigeon required very little quantity of water and total water requirement in integration of improved cropping with fish mushroom + poultry/pigeon was lesser than the water requirement of cropping alone in one hectare land area. Integrating efficient allied components with cropping results in effective water budgeting with better economic returns in lowland farming.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

44

RATHORE, V. S., N. S. NATHAWAT, B. MEEL, B. M. YADAV, and J. P. SINGH. "RELATIVE PRODUCTIVITY, PROFITABILITY AND WATER USE EFFICIENCY OF CROPPING SYSTEMS IN HOT ARID INDIA." Experimental Agriculture 50, no. 4 (March 27, 2014): 549–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0014479714000052.

Full text

Abstract:

SUMMARYThe choice of an appropriate cropping system is critical to maintaining or enhancing agricultural sustainability. Yield, profitability and water use efficiency are important factors for determining suitability of cropping systems in hot arid region. In a two-year field experiment (2009/10–2010/11) on loam sandy soils of Bikaner, India, the production potential, profitability and water use efficiency (WUE) of five cropping systems (groundnut–wheat, groundnut–isabgol, groundnut–chickpea, cluster bean–wheat and mung bean–wheat) each at six nutrient application rate (NAR) i.e. 0, 25, 50, 75, 100% recommended dose of N and P (NP) and 100% NP + S were evaluated. The cropping systems varied significantly in terms of productivity, profitability and WUEs. Averaged across nutrient application regimes, groundnut–wheat rotation gave 300–1620 kg ha−1 and 957–3365 kg ha−1 higher grain and biomass yields, respectively, than other cropping systems. The mean annual net returns were highest for the mung bean–wheat system, which returned 32–57% higher net return than other cropping systems. The mung bean–wheat and cluster bean–wheat systems had higher WUE in terms of yields than other cropping systems. The mung bean–wheat system recorded 35–63% higher WUE in monetary terms compared with other systems. Nutrients application improved yields, profit and WUEs of cropping systems. Averaged across years and cropping systems, the application of 100% NP improved grain yields, returns and WUE by 1.7, 3.9 and 1.6 times than no application of nutrients. The results suggest that the profitability and WUEs of crop production in this hot arid environment can be improved, compared with groundnut–wheat cropping, by substituting groundnut by mung bean and nutrients application.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

45

Millar, G. D., and W. B. Badgery. "Pasture cropping: a new approach to integrate crop and livestock farming systems." Animal Production Science 49, no. 10 (2009): 777. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/an09017.

Full text

Abstract:

Pasture cropping is a farmer-initiated concept of sowing a winter active cereal into a summer-active native perennial pasture. Proponents claim that by using pasture cropping they are able to maintain or improve the perennial pasture. Research was carried out on a Bothriochloa macra dominant pasture at Wellington, in the central western slopes of New South Wales, to compare pasture cropping to conventional no-till cropping and pasture only systems under different fertiliser rates and rotations. Key variables for the comparison included forage and crop production, pasture perenniality and ground cover, soil fertility and water use, and profitability. Our results show that pasture cropping can successfully retain perennial grasses and ground cover while still producing profitable cropping and grazing compared with continuous pasture. Crop yields from pasture cropping were less than 65% of those for conventional no-till cropping, which led to conventional no-till cropping having the greatest, but also most volatile, gross margin throughout the experiment. However, the lower input costs associated with pasture cropping reduced the effects of crop failure on farm profit. While soil moisture differences did not occur between treatments during the experiment, soil fertility, especially N, played a major role in determining crop yield. The role of pasture cropping in farming systems is discussed.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

46

Hannukkala, Asko O., and Eeva Tapio. "Conventional and organic cropping systems at Suitia V: Cereal diseases." Agricultural and Food Science 62, no. 4 (September 1, 1990): 339–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.23986/afsci.72908.

Full text

Abstract:

The occurrence of diseases on barley and winter wheat was surveyed in a field experiment comparing four conventional and four organic cropping systems in 1982—88. On barley, foliar diseases were of minor importance regardless of the cropping system. On winter wheat, powdery mildew (Erysiphe graminis), yellow rust (Puccinia striiformis) and leaf blotch (Septoria nodorum) were more prevalent in conventional than in organic cropping systems. Root and foot rot diseases (Bipolaris sorokiniana, Fusarium spp. and Gaeumannomyces graminis) were frequent on barley and winter wheat in each cropping system. B. sorokiniana infected stem bases and roots of barley more frequently in organic than in conventional cropping systems. During the first years of the study, a serious epidemic of G. graminis was recorded in certain organic cropping systems

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

47

Dewan, MMR, M. Harun Ar Rashid, M. Nasim, and SM Shahidullah. "Diversity of Crops and Cropping Systems in Jessore Region." Bangladesh Rice Journal 21, no. 2 (September 14, 2018): 185–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/brj.v21i2.38206.

Full text

Abstract:

Thorough understanding and a reliable database on existing cropping patterns, cropping intensity and crop diversity of a particular area are needed for guiding policy makers, researchers, extensionists and development workers for the planning of future research and development. During 2016 a study was accomplished over all 34 upazilas of Jessore region using pre-tested semi-structured questionnaire with a view to document the existing cropping patterns, cropping intensity and crop diversity in the region. The most dominant cropping pattern Boro−Fallow−T. Aman occupied 32.28% of net cropped area (NCA) of the region with its distribution in all upazilas. The second largest area, 5.29% of NCA, was covered by single Boro, which was spread over 24 upazilas. A total of 176 cropping patterns were identified in the whole region under the current investigation. The highest number of cropping patterns was identified 58 in Kushtia sadar upazila and the lowest was 11 in Damurhuda upazila of Chuadanga district. The lowest crop diversity index (CDI) was reported 0.852 in Narail sadar upazila followed by 0.863 in Jessore sadar upazila. The highest value of CDI was observed 0.981 in Daulatpur followed by 0.978 in Bheramara upazila of Kushtia district. The range of cropping intensity values was recorded 175−286%. The maximum value was for Sreepur of Magura district and minimum for Abhaynagar of Jessore district. As a whole the CDI of Jessore region was calculated 0.955 and the average cropping intensity at regional level was 229%.Bangladesh Rice j. 2017, 21(2): 185-202

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

48

Kitavi, Everlyne Katilo, Charles Kimani Ndung’u, and Moses Mwangi. "Temporal variation in soil quality and carbon sequestration potential of different cropping systems in Arid and Semi-Arid parts of South Eastern Kenya." East African Journal of Agriculture and Biotechnology 7, no. 2 (December 18, 2024): 221–34. https://doi.org/10.37284/eajab.7.2.2532.

Full text

Abstract:

The use of incorrect agricultural methods and utilization of land, excessive inorganic chemical applications, misguided cultivation, and nutrient mining have all contributed to a considerable deterioration in soil health globally. To meet the requirements of growing inhabitants, farmers have turned to unsustainable methods including monoculture, excessive use of pesticides and fertilizers, and increased agricultural intensification. A study to determine the seasonal variation of soil quality under different cropping systems and carbon sequestration potential was done during the years 2018 and 2019 in Kauwi and Zombe Wards of South Eastern Kenya. Five cropping systems namely, vegetable, cereal, fruit, and agroforestry were selected, whereas uncultivated land was considered as control. During the typical long (MAM) and short (OND) rainfall seasons, composite soil samples were taken from the cropping systems at random, making the treatment combinations ten. Each farming system had surface soil samples obtained from a depth of 0 to 15 centimetres. Two-way ANOVA was used to analyze the results. The results revealed that the influence of cropping systems on seasonal variation of soil quality parameters varied significantly (p<0.05). Further, the interaction between cropping systems and seasons significantly influenced soil pH and soil organic carbon. The short rain season registered lower soil pH values across all cropping systems. Soil Organic Carbon was found to be highest in vegetable-based cropping systems during short and long rain seasons. Electrical Conductivity was highest during the long rain season across all cropping systems. Soil bulk density was lowest during the short rains and under uncultivated land. NPK varied significantly across the cropping systems in the different rain seasons. Higher carbon stock was found in the Zombe ward as compared to the Kauwi ward. Carbon density values were noticed to be highest under Vegetable-based cropping systems in both study locations. This can be ascribed to the heavy application of organic and artificial fertilizers by farmers to increase yields and profits. Based on the results, Vegetable and agroforestry cropping systems were found to contain the highest amounts of soil carbon, and therefore, with the potential to sequester the highest amount of soil carbon. Both tiers of government should promote vegetable and agroforestry cropping systems to minimize the effects of climate change

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

49

Ghimire, Rajan, and Babu Ram Khanal. "Soil organic matter dynamics in semiarid agroecosystems transitioning to dryland." PeerJ 8 (October 20, 2020): e10199. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.10199.

Full text

Abstract:

Recent interest in improving soil health and agricultural sustainability recognizes the value of soil organic carbon (SOC) sequestration and nutrient cycling. The main goal of this study was to evaluate the response of various SOC and nitrogen (N) components in semiarid cropping systems transitioning from limited-irrigation to dryland and a restored grassland in the Southern High Plains of USA. Cropping systems evaluated include dryland winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)–sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.)–fallow with conventional tillage (DLCTF) and no-tillage (DLNTF), limited-irrigation winter wheat–sorghum–fallow with no-tillage and cover cropping (LINTC) and no-tillage fallow (LINTF), and an undisturbed grassland (NG). Soil samples were collected from 0–15 cm and 15–30 cm depths and analyzed for SOC, total N, inorganic N, and soil microbial biomass carbon (SMBC) contents. The CO2 and N2O release during a eight-weeks long laboratory incubation were also analyzed. Results show 14% and 13% reduction in SOC and total N from 0–30 cm depth with the transition from limited-irrigation to dryland cropping systems while 51% more SOC and 41% more total N with the transition to grassland. The SMBC was 42% less in dryland cropping systems and 100% more in NG than the limited-irrigation cropping systems. However, the grassland was N limited, with 93% less inorganic N in NG compared to only 11% less in dryland cropping systems than in limited-irrigation cropping systems. The microbial respiration measured as CO2-C was highest in NG, followed by limited-irrigation and dryland cropping systems. The N2O-N release showed the lowest rate of N loss from dryland cropping systems, followed by NG and limited-irrigation cropping systems. This study demonstrated loss of SOC and N in agroecosystems transitioned to dryland crop-fallow systems, with greater magnitude of change observed in the biologically active fraction of soil organic matter. Grassland restoration could be an important strategy to increase SOC and nutrients in hot, dry, semiarid agroecosystems transitioning to dryland.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

50

Y.P. Singh, Sandeep S. Tomar, Sushma Tiwari, Ravi S. Yadav, and S.K. Dubey. "Relay sowing of berseem (Trifolium alexandrinum) in mustard (Brassica juncea) improves system productivity, economics and soil fertility." Indian Journal of Soil Conservation 52, no. 3 (March 6, 2025): 261–66. https://doi.org/10.59797/ijsc.v52.i3.180.

Full text

Abstract:

Mustard-based mono-cropping systems have been experiencing a decline in productivity, economic profitability and soil quality in India's arid and semi-arid climate. An on-farm research study was conducted from 2017-18 to 2021-22 to address these issues. This study focused on the relay cropping of the legume fodder crop berseem (Trifolium alexandrinum L.) alongside standing mustard, which was grown after fallow, pearl millet, paddy and green gram-based cropping systems. Including berseem as a relay crop in mustard cultivation, significantly greater soil organic carbon and its stock, macro- and micronutrient availability in soil and use-efficiency of land. Enhancements physicochemical properties of soil led to an increase in seed yields of pearl millet, paddy and green gram by 10-15%, followed by a 9-14% increase in mustard yield as compared to the existing cropping systems. Notably, the highest seed yield of berseem occurred when it was relay seeded in a fallow-mustard cropping system, followed by green gram-mustard and pearl millet-mustard. The lowest yield was observed in paddy-mustard cropping systems. The studies revealed that the mustard equivalent yield (MEY) in the legume-based relayed berseem cropping systems increased by 33- 66%, resulting in an additional net profit ranging from ` 40,000-51,000 ha-1 as compared to traditional cropping systems. Water productivity was significantly enhanced by 5- 14% when relay cropping berseem in mustard-based systems. However, it declined by 15% when berseem was relayed after mustard was grown in the fallow kharif season. Overall, the trend for MEY and net returns under the relay cropping of berseem in mustard-based systems was ranked as follows: paddy-mustard > pearl millet-mustard > green gram-mustard > fallow-mustard. This study demonstrated that relay cropping of berseem within mustard-based cropping systems can improve crop productivity, increase net profitability, enhance water productivity and positively affect soil physicochemical properties.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Journal articles on the topic 'Cropping systems'

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles