Relevant bibliographies by topics / Crops and water – Oregon

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Academic literature on the topic 'Crops and water – Oregon'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 11 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Crops and water – Oregon"

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Regan, Richard P. "WATER CONSERVATION IN CONTAINER PRODUCTION NURSERIES—IRRIGATION SCHEDULING." HortScience 31, no. 6 (October 1996): 917D—917. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.31.6.917d.

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Applying only the amount of water needed by a plant, when it needs it, is a simple concept that can conserve water and reduce runoff. Simple, that is, when managing a single crop that covers an extensive area under several irrigation zones. Container production nurseries grow a large number of plants and each irrigation zone usually has a diverse grouping of taxa in various stages of development. In 1989, a nursery crop project at Oregon State University began to investigate irrigation scheduling for container-grown woody landscape plants. Crop coefficients (kc), used to adjust irrigation to specific production practices and crop characteristics, vary greatly for woody landscape plants. Woody plant kc values range from <1.0 to >5.0 during the production cycle. Plant taxa, growth stage, spacing, and pruning significantly influence kc of container-grown plants. Ilex crenata `Green Island' showed a reduction in water use (40%) immediately after pruning, but had similar kc values 60 days later. Grouping plants with similar kc values under the same irrigation zone is a very difficult task for a production nursery. It might be more practical to schedule irrigation for daily evapotranspiration, avoid placing new plantings next to mature crops, and only separate-out plants with very high or very low crop water requirements.
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Phillips, Claire L., Sarah E. Light, Hero T. Gollany, Stephanie Chiu, Thomas Wanzek, Kylie Meyer, and Kristin M. Trippe. "Can biochar conserve water in Oregon agricultural soils?" Soil and Tillage Research 198 (April 2020): 104525. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2019.104525.

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Wilder, Kris L., J. M. Hart, Arthur Poole, and David D. Myrold. "FATE OF APPLIED NITROGEN FERTILIZER ON OREGON CRANBERRIES." HortScience 25, no. 9 (September 1990): 1148c—1148. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.25.9.1148c.

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Little work has been done to establish the rate and timing of nitrogen fertilizer applications to optimize return from fertilizer expenditures and minimize potential for ground and surface water pollution in Oregon cranberries (Vaccinium macrocarpon Ait.). Predicting cranberry N requirements is difficult because cranberries require little N and soil tests for N are not helpful for perennial crops, especially when grown in shallow sandy soils. We used 15N-labeled ammonium sulfate to measure both plant uptake and movement of fertilizer N in a south coastal Oregon cranberry bed. A bed planted to the Stevens variety was fertilized with 15N-labelled ammonium sulfate at two rates (18 kg/ha and 36 kg/ha) applied at five phonological stages: popcorn, hook, flowering, early bud, and late bud. Plant N uptake and translocation were measured throughout the growing season in uprights, flowers, berries, and roots, Initial results indicate that when N was applied at popcorn stage approximately 12% of the N was present in the above-ground vegetative biomass at harvest. Incorporation of fertilizer N into the duff and mineral soil was measured. An estimate of fertilizer N leaching was made by trapping inorganic N below the root zone using ion exchange resin bags.
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Locascio, Salvadore J. "Management of Irrigation for Vegetables: Past, Present, and Future." HortTechnology 15, no. 3 (January 2005): 482–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech.15.3.0482.

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Vegetables are grown throughout the U.S. on various soil types and in various climates. Irrigation is essential to supplement rainfall in all areas to minimize plant water stress. In the U.S., irrigated vegetable production accounts for about 1.9 million ha or 7.5% of the irrigated area. California, Florida, Idaho, Washington, Texas, Nebraska, Oregon, Wisconsin, and Arizona account for 80% of the U.S. production of irrigated vegetables. In the U.S., surface and subsurface (seepage) irrigation systems were used initially and are currently used on 45% of all irrigated crops with a water use efficiency of 33%. Sprinkler or overhead irrigation systems were developed in the 1940s and are currently used extensively throughout the vegetable industry. Sprinkler systems are used on 50% of the irrigated crop land and have a water use efficiency of 75%. In the late 1960s, microirrigation (drip or trickle) systems were developed and have slowly replaced many of the sprinkler and some of the seepage systems. Microirrigation is currently used on 5% of irrigated crops. This highly efficient water system (90% to 95%) is widely used on high value vegetables, particularly polyethylene-mulched tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum), pepper (Capsicum annuum), eggplant (Solanum melongena), strawberry (Fragaria ×ananassa), and cucurbits. Some advantages of drip irrigation over sprinkler include reduced water use, ability to apply fertilizer with the irrigation, precise water distribution, reduced foliar diseases, and the ability to electronically schedule irrigation on large areas with relatively smaller pumps. Drip systems also can be used as subsurface drip systems placed at a depth of 60 to 90 cm. These systems are managed to control the water table, similar to that accomplished with subsurface irrigation systems, but with much greater water use efficiency. Future irrigation concerns include continued availability of water for agriculture, management of nutrients to minimize leaching, and continued development of cultural practices that maximize crop production and water use efficiency.
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Smiley, Richard W., and Stephen Machado. "Pratylenchus neglectus Reduces Yield of Winter Wheat in Dryland Cropping Systems." Plant Disease 93, no. 3 (March 2009): 263–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-93-3-0263.

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Wheat (Triticum aestivum) in low-precipitation regions of eastern Oregon and Washington is grown mostly as rainfed biennial winter wheat (10-month growing season) planted into cultivated fallow (14-month crop-free period). There are increasing trends for cultivated fallow to be replaced by chemical fallow and for spring cereals to be planted annually without tillage. Most fields are infested by the root-lesion nematodes Pratylenchus neglectus or P. thornei. A replicated multiyear experiment was conducted to compare cropping systems on soil infested by P. neglectus. Populations became greater with increasing frequency of the host crops mustard, pea, and wheat. Annual winter wheat had the highest P. neglectus populations, the lowest capacity to extract soil water, and a lower grain yield compared with wheat grown biennially or rotated with other crops. Populations of P. neglectus did not differ for cultivated versus chemical fallow. Lowest populations occurred in annual spring barley. Winter wheat yield was inversely correlated with the population of P. neglectus. Measures to monitor and to reduce the population of P. neglectus in Pacific Northwest wheat fields are recommended.
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Carlson, D. H., S. H. Sharrow, W. H. Emmingham, and D. P. Lavender. "Plant-soil-water relations in forestry and silvopastoral systems in Oregon." Agroforestry Systems 25, no. 1 (January 1994): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00705702.

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Hamm, P. B., D. S. Spink, G. H. Clough, and K. S. Mohan. "First Report of Bacterial Fruit Blotch of Watermelon in Oregon." Plant Disease 81, no. 1 (January 1997): 113. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis.1997.81.1.113a.

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Most of the watermelons, Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum. & Nakai, consumed in the Pacific Northwest during the summer months are grown in the southern Columbia Basin under dry (<5 cm rainfall), low relative humidity (46 to 57%), and high temperature (29 to 41°C) conditions, using transplants, plastic mulch, and drip irrigation. During May 1996, irregularly shaped, water-soaked lesions were observed on cotyledons and first true leaves of watermelon cv. Sangria transplants growing in a greenhouse. Similar lesions were observed later on older leaves in a commercial field of cv. Millionaire. Microscopic examination of symptomatic tissue revealed bacterial streaming, and isolation on nutrient agar consistently yielded numerous creamy to off-white bacterial colonies. Bacteria from purified, single colonies were Gram negative and rod shaped. Physiological characterization by the Biolog GN Bacterial Identification System (version 3.5) showed a similarity of 0.971 to the Biolog description for Acidovorax avenae subsp. citrulli. Pathogenicity of two strains was confirmed in three separate tests by hypodermic needle infiltration of cotyledons or by stab inoculation into hypocotyls of 12 to 24 21-day-old cv. Crimson Sweet seedlings with aqueous suspensions of bacteria containing approximately 6.0 × 108 CFU/ml. Inoculum was prepared from 48-h-old nutrient agar cultures. Test plants were incubated in the greenhouse at 21°C, under a 16-h photoperiod. Hypocotyl and cotyledon inoculations produced water-soaked lesions within 24 to 48 h on both the hypocotyl and cotyledons or just the cotyledon, respectively, on plants inoculated by either method. No symptoms developed on control plants infiltrated or stabbed with sterile water only. Isolations from three symptomatic seedlings yielded colonies similar in morphology to those used for inoculation. Tests of two purified cultures by Biolog indicated the bacteria were A. avenae subsp. citrulli. The symptomatic test plants were transplanted to fields, and the maturing melons developed large, dark green, water-soaked lesions with irregular margins. Similar fruit symptoms were seen in commercial fields. Labels on seed used in commercial production and in our tests warned of risks related to fruit blotch. This is the first report of bacterial fruit blotch of watermelon in Oregon. This disease may have a significant impact on watermelon production in the Columbia Basin.
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Johnson, D. E., P. E. Clark, L. L. Larson, K. D. Wilson, M. Louhaichi, T. Freeburg, and J. Williams. "Cattle use of off-stream water developments across a northeastern Oregon landscape." Journal of Soil and Water Conservation 71, no. 6 (November 1, 2016): 494–502. http://dx.doi.org/10.2489/jswc.71.6.494.

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Woods, Christopher P., Mark T. Stoelinga, John D. Locatelli, and Peter V. Hobbs. "Microphysical Processes and Synergistic Interaction between Frontal and Orographic Forcing of Precipitation during the 13 December 2001 IMPROVE-2 Event over the Oregon Cascades." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 62, no. 10 (October 1, 2005): 3493–519. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jas3550.1.

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Abstract On 13–14 December 2001 a vigorous cyclonic storm passed over the Pacific Northwest, producing heavy orographic precipitation over the Cascade Mountains. This storm was one of several studied during the second field phase of the Improvement of Microphysical Parameterization through Observational Verification Experiment (IMPROVE). A wide variety of in situ and remotely sensed measurements were obtained as this storm passed over the Oregon Cascades. These measurements provided a comprehensive dataset of meteorological state parameters (temperature, pressure, humidity, winds, and vertical air velocity), polarization Doppler radar measurements, and cloud microphysical parameters (cloud liquid water, particle concentrations, size spectra, and imagery). The 13–14 December case was characterized by the passage of a tipped-forward lower-tropospheric front that extended upward to a preceding vigorous upper cold-frontal rainband, which produced clouds up to ∼8–9 km. An important difference between this storm and those studied previously over the Washington Cascades was that the prefrontal low-level airflow over the Oregon Cascades was characterized by strong westerly (as opposed to weak easterly) cross-barrier flow. Consequently, as the upper cold-frontal band passed over the Oregon Cascades there was both strong ice particle production aloft and significant production of liquid water at lower levels in the orographic lifting zone. Airborne in situ measurements, ground-based microwave radiometer measurements, and observations of snow crystals showed the simultaneous presence of high ice crystal concentrations and relatively large values of cloud liquid water aloft, and heavily rimed particles reaching the ground. Analyses indicate that a synergistic interaction occurred between the frontal and orographic precipitation.
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Adams, Katherine A., John A. Barth, and R. Kipp Shearman. "Intraseasonal Cross-Shelf Variability of Hypoxia along the Newport, Oregon, Hydrographic Line." Journal of Physical Oceanography 46, no. 7 (July 2016): 2219–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jpo-d-15-0119.1.

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AbstractObservations of hypoxia, dissolved oxygen (DO) concentrations < 1.4 ml L−1, off the central Oregon coast vary in duration and spatial extent throughout each upwelling season. Underwater glider measurements along the Newport hydrographic line (NH-Line) reveal cross-shelf DO gradients at a horizontal resolution nearly 30 times greater than previous ship-based station sampling. Two prevalent hypoxic locations are identified along the NH-Line, as is a midshelf region with less severe hypoxia north of Stonewall Bank. Intraseasonal cross-shelf variability is investigated with 10 sequential glider lines and a midshelf mooring time series during the 2011 upwelling season. The cross-sectional area of hypoxia observed in the glider lines ranges from 0 to 1.41 km2. The vertical extent of hypoxia in the water column agrees well with the bottom mixed layer height. Midshelf mooring water velocities show that cross-shelf advection cannot account for the increase in outer-shelf hypoxia observed in the glider sequence. This change is attributed to an along-shelf DO gradient of −0.72 ml L−1 over 2.58 km or 0.28 ml L−1 km−1. In early July of the 2011 upwelling season, near-bottom cross-shelf currents reverse direction as an onshore flow at 30-m depth is observed. This shoaling of the return flow depth throughout the season, as the equatorward coastal jet moves offshore, results in a more retentive near-bottom environment more vulnerable to hypoxia. Slope Burger numbers calculated across the season do not reconcile this return flow depth change, providing evidence that simplified two-dimensional upwelling model assumptions do not hold in this location.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Crops and water – Oregon"

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Fulcher, Amy. "MODELING WATER USE IN NURSERY CROPS." UKnowledge, 2010. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/gradschool_diss/121.

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Water use is an important topic in the global agriculture community and is a critical input in nursery crop production. Several plants in the genus Cornus are important nursery crops. Not only are they economically relevant, they are found in grafted and seedling forms and parents and their hybrid are readily available in the trade, facilitating an assessment of water requirements. Anecdotal information suggests that Cornus taxa have differing stress tolerance and water use requirements. Research was conducted to characterize and model water use among Cornus taxa. Scanning electron microscopy and anatomy‐based micromorphological studies as well as transpiration chamber‐based studies revealed differences in the cuticle, epidermal thickness, stomatal density, total stomatal complex area, and gas exchange. A novel photosynthesis‐based irrigation model was developed and evaluated, first on a model crop, Hibiscus rosa‐sinensis, then with a range of Cornus taxa, including grafted specimens. The model allowed the identification of a setpoint or point at which irrigation is triggered. Producing plants under this model allowed a 27% reduction in water use while maintain growth when compared with controls.
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Sedibe, Moosa Mahmood. "Optimising water use efficiency for crop production." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/53541.

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Thesis (MScAgric)--University of Stellenbosch, 2003.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Poor water management and poor water use efficiency (WUE) have been identified as one of the major problems experienced by vegetable growers in most of the developing countries, including South Africa. This poor management and poor utilization of water have led to a drastic decline in the quality and quantity of available water. In South Africa agriculture uses about 50% of available water. Increasing water demand for domestic, industrial and mining uses, may decrease agriculture's share to less than the current 50%, henceforth, better utilization of this resource is imperative. Selection of a good irrigation system can limit water loss considerably. Some irrigation systems have a potential to save more water than others do. Since irrigation systems affect the WUE of crops, care should be taken when selecting an irrigation system under conditions of limited water quantity. Ebb-and- Flood watering systems have been introduced for effective sub-irrigation and nutrient delivery within closed systems. Such a system was adapted in South Africa, to develop a vegetable production unit for use by families in rural communities, while saving substantial amounts of water. A need to further improve the WUE of this system was subsequently identified. Two studies were conducted at the experimental farm of the University of Stellenbosch (Department of Agronomy). The first trial was conducted under controlled conditions in a glasshouse, and the second under open field conditions. In the first trial, Beta vulgaris (Swiss chard) and Amaranthus spp. ('Imbuya') were grown in two root media; gravel and pumice. In addition, an 'Ebb-and-Flood' and a 'Constant level' system were used with nutrient solutions at two electrical (EC) conductivity levels 1.80 and 3.60 mS cm-I. The results of this (2x2x2x2) factorial experiment indicated that a combination of the 'Ebb-and-Flood' system with gravel as a root medium produced the best results at a low EC, when 'imbuya' was used. A high total WUE was found with 'imbuya', (7.35 g L-I) at EC 1.80 mS cmicompared to a relatively low WUE of 5. 90 g L-I when the 3.60 mS cm-I nutrient solution was used. In the second trial, 'Imbuya's' foliage dry mass, leaf area and WUE was evaluated under field conditions at the Stellenbosch University experimental farm, during the summer of2002. The experimental farm (33°55'S, 18°52'E) is situated in the cooler coastal wine grape-producing region of South Africa with a relatively high annual winter rainfall. This trial was conducted on an alluvial soil, with clay content of 25% and a pH of 5.9 (KC!). A closed 'Ebb-and-Flood' system was compared with two open field irrigation systems ('Drip' and 'Flood') using nutrient solutions at two electrical conductivity levels (1.80 and 3.60 mS cm-i) in all three cases. Foliage dry mass, leaf area as well as WUE was best with 'Drip' irrigation, when a nutrient solution with an electrical conductivity of 3.60 mS cm-i was used. In spite of the fact that additional ground water was available for the soil grown 'Drip' and 'Flood' treatments, the 'Ebb-and-Flood' system outperformed the 'Flood' treatment, especially when the nutrient solution with an EC of 3.6 mS cm-i was used. Insufficient root aeration in the flooded soil could have been a contributing factor. The fact that the 'Ebb-and-Flood' and 'Drip' systems gave the best results when the high EC solution was used to fertigate the plants, may indicate that the plants could have hardened due to the mild EC stress, better preparing them to adapt to the extreme heat that was experienced in the field.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Swak: bestuur van water en 'n swak: water-gebruik-doeltreffendheid (WOD) is as een van die belangrikste probleme geïdentifiseer wat deur groente produsente in die meeste ontwikkelende lande, insluitend Suid-Afrika, ervaar word. Hierdie swak bestuur en benutting van water het daartoe bygedra dat 'n drastiese afname in die kwaliteit asook in die kwantiteit van beskikbare water ervaar word. In Suid-Afrika gebruik die landbou-sektor ongeveer 50% van die beskikbare water. Toenemende water behoeftes vir huisgebruik, industrieë en die mynbou mag hierdie 50% aandeel van die landbou sektor laat krimp. Beter benutting van hierdie skaars hulpbron is dus noodsaaklik. Die keuse van goeie besproeiingsisteme mag waterverliese merkbaar beperk aangesien sekere sisteme se water-besparingspotensiaal beter as ander is. Aangesien besproeiingstelsels die WOD van gewasse beïnvloed, is spesiale sorg nodig waar 'n besproeiingstelsel onder hierdie toestande van beperkte waterbronne gekies moet word. 'Ebb-en-Vloed' sisteme kan aangewend word om water en voedingselemente van onder in 'n wortelmedium te laat opstoot en in 'n geslote sisteem te laat terugdreineer. So 'n sisteem is in Suid-Afrika ontwikkel waarmee groente vir families in landelike gebiede geproduseer kan word terwyl water bespaar word. 'n Behoefte om die WOD van hierdie produksiesisteem verder te verbeter is egter geïdentifiseer. Twee ondersoeke is by die Universiteit van Stellenbosch se proefplaas (Departement Agronomie) gedoen. Die eerste proef is onder beheerde omgewingstoestande in 'n glashuis uitgevoer en die tweede onder veld toestande. In die eerste proef is Beta vulgaris (Snybeet) en Amaranthus spp. ('Imbuya') in twee tipes wortelmedia; gruis en puimsteen verbou. 'n 'Ebb-en-Vloed' asoook 'n 'Konstante vlak' besproeiingsisteem is gebruik terwyl voedingsoplossings ook by twee peile van elektriese geleiding (EC) teen 1.80 en 3.60 mS cm-I toegedien is. Die resultate van hierdie (2x2x2x2) fakroriaal eksperiment het aangetoon dat 'n kombinasie van die 'Ebb-en-Vloed' sisteem met gruis as 'n wortelmedium die beste resultate teen 'n lae EC lewer waar 'imbuya' gebruik is. Die WOD met 'imbuya' was hoog (7.35 g L-1) by 'n EC van 1.80 mS cm-I, vergeleke met 'n relatief lae WOD van 5. 90 g L-1 waar die 3.60 mS cm-I voedingsoplossing gebruik is. In die tweede proef is 'Imbuya' se droë blaarmassa, blaar oppervlakte en WOD onder veldtoestande op die Universiteit van Stellenbsoch se proefplaas in die somer van 2002 ge-evalueer. Die proefplaas (33°55'S, 18°52'E) is in die koeler kusstreke van die wyndruif produksiegebied in die winterreëngebied van Suid-Afrika geleë. Hierdie proef is op alluviale grond met 25% klei en 'n pH van 5.9 (KCi) uitgevoer. 'n Geslote 'Ebb-en-Vloed' sisteem is met twee veld-besproeiingsisteme vergelyk ('Drup' en 'Vloed') terwyl voedingsoplossings teen twee peile van elektriese geleiding (1.80 en 3.60 mS cm-I) in al drie gevalle gebruik is. Blaar droëmassa, blaaroppervlakte asook die WGD was die beste met 'Drup' besproeiing waar die EC van die voedingsoplossing 3.60 mS cm-I was. Ten spyte van die feit dat ekstra grondwater vir die 'Drup' and 'Vloed' behandelings beskikbaar was, het die 'Ebben- Vloed' stelsel beter as die 'Vloed' behandeling gedoen veral waar die voedingsoplossing se EC 3.6 mS cm-I was. Swak wortelbelugting was waarskynlik die rede waarom vloedbesproeiing swak produksie gelewer het. Die feit dat die 'Drup' en die 'Ebb-en-Vloed' behandelings in die veldproef die beste gedoen het waar die EC hoog was, mag moontlik met die gehardheid van die plante verband hou wat aan ekstreem warm en dor toestande blootgestel was.
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Jones, Cullen Brandon. "Groundwater-Surface Water Interactions near Mosier, Oregon." PDXScholar, 2016. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/3414.

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The town of Mosier, Oregon, is located near the east, dry end of the Columbia River Gorge, and the local area is known for cherry orchards that rely heavily on groundwater for irrigation. The CRBG groundwater system in Mosier has experienced groundwater declines of up to 60 meters due to over-pumping and or commingling. Declining groundwater levels have led to concerns over the sustainability of the resource, as it is the principle water source for irrigation and domestic use. Despite numerous previous studies of groundwater flow in CRBG aquifers here and elsewhere in the Columbia River basin, an aspect that has received relatively little attention is the interaction between groundwater and surface waters at locations where interflow zones are intersected by the surface waters. The objective of my research is to investigate how CRBG interflow zone exposures in Mosier Creek may be controlling groundwater elevations in the area. The methods used include: (1) geochemical analysis of well cuttings and detailed geologic mapping along area streams to identify interflow zones of individual CRBG flows, (2) analysis of stream discharge data and groundwater elevation data to confirm exchange of groundwater and surface waters, and (3) collection and analyses of 31 water samples from area wells, streams, and springs, to determine if waters from individual CRBG aquifers can be hydrochemically identified and to further constrain understanding of surface and groundwater interactions. My study confirms that the general elevation of the Pomona Member and Basalt of Lolo interflow zone creek exposure is coincident with the elevation where a change in slope of the decline trend in 2004 is seen in Mosier area well hydrographs. Furthermore, the results of stream discharge data indicated a close connection between drawdown from groundwater pumping during irrigation season and groundwater- surface water interaction. At the time of drawdown in the upper-most CRBG aquifer (Pomona), the stream transitions from gaining to losing water into the groundwater system. Elemental chemistry data indicates the Frenchman Springs Sentinel Gap aquifer waters are the most evolved waters in this study. Stable isotopic data reinforced this determination as the Sentinel Gap waters are the lightest, or most negative, with regard to δD and δ18O. Sentinel Gap samples were more depleted than other aquifer samples by 4.38 to 6.89 0/100 for δD and 0.39 to 0.59 0/100 for δ18O. The results of the general chemistry and isotope data reveal a more evolved chemical signature in lower watershed groundwater versus a less evolved signature for waters from wells located higher up on the Columbia Hills anticline. This was interpreted to be the result of the major structural features in the area providing for a more regional pathway of recharge in lower watershed groundwaters, versus a more local source of recharge for upper watershed groundwaters. There was also a pronounced commingled signature in the elemental ratios of lower watershed aquifer waters. The suspected mechanism of recharge to lower watershed wells is through younger Cascadian deposits upslope from the local watershed. The findings of this study reveal the importance of a detailed understanding of CRBG stratigraphy and its relation to surface waters, especially for other areas within the Yakima Fold Belt or Oregon and Washington. Studies that do not consider the influence that individual CRBG flows can have on groundwater-surface water interactions, and the groundwater system as a whole, run the risk of improperly assessing the groundwater resource for a region.
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Shukri, Ibrahim M. "Municipal water use: an Oregon case study." PDXScholar, 1985. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/523.

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There are two approaches to estimating the quantity of water required in an urban area: the requirements approach and the economic approach. The requirements approach extrapolates from past growth trends of the urban area. Water consumption and population are extrapolated into the future using a trend line based on prior years; the future requirements of the area are determined according to past experience. This approach served well when water was essentially a free good. But now that it is an economic good that requires production, the requirements approach tends to overestimate water requirements. The alternative is the economic approach which takes into account different characteristics of an urban area. Among these characteristics are economic, demographic, geographic and climatic. This approach leads to better use of information to estimate future water consumption. This dissertation is a cross-sectional analysis of municipal water districts in Oregon. It is based on the economic approach. Data on specified variables were collected by sampling and surveying more than 1,000 water districts in Oregon. The data were analyzed using Multiple Linear Regression. The general hypothesis of the study is that municipal water use in Oregon can be estimated by using independent variables other than size. Weather, per capita income, average price of water, marginal cost of water, the amount of fixed charge for basic water use, allowed quantity of basic water use, and non-residential connections were regressed on the per capita per day water consumption for residential, commercial, industrial and total users. The hypothesis was confirmed; price was a significant variable in the different uses of water. Climate was found to be significant in estimating the residential use. Variable charge as well as climate were found to be significant in commercial use. Fixed charge and sewage charge were somewhat significant in estimating the industrial use. The results of the study are consistent with the theory and the findings of previous studies. Three models were developed; a general model, a residential model and a non-residential model. These models helped to identify climate and price as effective variables in estimating water demand in the study area within the context of the economic approach.
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Al-Amoud, Ahmed Ibrahim. "A water management model for trickle irrigated row crops." Thesis, Cranfield University, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.292233.

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Naab, Jesse Bonaventure. "Interaction of canopy and root system in water use of potato." Thesis, University of Reading, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.308564.

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Manamathela, Sibongile Amelia. "The water footprint of selected crops within the Olifants/Doorn Catchment, South Africa." University of the Western Cape, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/4751.

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>Magister Scientiae - MSc
Rapidly increasing global population is adding more pressure to the agricultural sector to produce more food to meet growing demands. However the sector is already faced with a challenge to reduce freshwater utilisation as this sector is currently using approximately 70% of global water freshwater resources. In South Africa, the agriculture sector utilizes approximately 62% of freshwater resources and contributes directly about5% to the Gross Domestic Product. South Africa is a water scarce country receiving less than 500mm/year of precipitation in most parts of the country, and consequently approximately 90% of the crops are grown under irrigation. Studies have evaluated irrigation practices and crop water use in the country. However information is lacking on the full impact of South African horticultural products on freshwater resources. The water footprint concept can be used to indicate the total and source (blue/green) of water used to produce the crops. Information about water footprint (WF) can be used for identifying opportunities to reduce the water consumption associated with production of vegetables and fruits at the field to farm- gate levels, including the more effective use of rainfall (green water) as opposed to water abstracted from rivers and groundwater (Blue water). It can also be used to understand water related risks associated with the production of crops and facilitate water allocation and management at catchment/water management scale. While the potential value of water footprint information is well recognized there is still inadequate knowledge on how best to determine the water footprints of various crops within a local context. The aim of this study was to determine the water footprint and the crop water productivity of navel oranges, pink lady apples and potatoes produced with the Olifant/Doorn water management area in South Africa.The water footprint of the navel oranges, pink lady apples and potatoes assessed following the water footprint network method was 125 litres/ kg, 108 litres/kg and 65 litres/ kg respectively. The study concluded that water footprint studies should be carried out on the whole catchment instead of one farm in order to assess the sustainability of the process.
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Valdez, Aguilar Luis Alonso. "Effect of alkalinity in irrigation water on selected greenhouse crops." Texas A&M University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/2773.

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Effect of Alkalinity in Irrigation Water on Selected Greenhouse Crops. (August 2004) Luis Alonso Valdez Aguilar, B.S., Universidad Aut??noma de Nuevo Le??n, Mexico; M.S., Universidad Aut??noma Chapingo, Mexico Chair of Advisory Committee: Dr. David Wm. Reed Bicarbonate (HCO3-) and carbonate (CO32-) are the most important ions that determine alkalinity. When the carbonates accumulate in a growing medium, the growing medium solution pH reaches levels that cause plant growth inhibition, which is caused primarily by the transformation of soluble forms of Fe into insoluble forms. The general objective of this research was to provide information about the limits of tolerance to alkalinity in ornamental plants, and to study the interaction of ions such as ammonium (NH4+) and nitrate (NO3-) on the response of plants to alkalinity, as well as the effect of the counter-ions potassium (K+), sodium (Na+), cesium (Cs+), ammonium (NH4+) and rubidium (Rb+). The maximum SPAD index was estimated to occur at 0 mM of NaHCO3 in chrysanthemum, mini-rose, and hibiscus ??Bimini Breeze?? and ??Mango Breeze??. For vinca it was set at 2.64 mM. A 15% decrease from the maximum SPAD index was considered the threshold to declare the toxic concentration of NaHCO3, which was calculated based on the maximum SPAD index predicted by the models. The toxic concentration of NaHCO3 was set at 4.1, 1.1, 6.7, 3.1, and 6.3 mM of NaHCO3 in chrysanthemum, mini-rose, vinca, and hibiscus ??Mango Breeze?? and ??Bimini Breeze??, respectively. Hibiscus ??Bimini Breeze?? was considered tolerant to alkalinity, due to increased Fe-reduction capacity and acidification of the growing medium. In the hydroponic experiment, results showed that the NH4+:NO3- ratio altered the response of sunflower plants to alkalinity. Sunflower plants grew better in solutions containing 5 mM NaHCO3 prepared with a 0.25:0.75 NH4+:NO3- ratio. This was possible due to the reaction of NH4+ with the HCO3-, which reduced its buffering capacity. The response to HCO3--induced alkalinity was modified by the counter-cation of HCO3-. In bean plants, at low-to-intermediate levels of Na+ and HCO3- induced approximately same growth decrease. At high concentration, Na+ induced a decrease on shoot growth that exceeded the toxic effects of HCO3-. Thus, the toxic effect of Na+ is higher than that of HCO3- when its concentration is high. Rubidium was extremely toxic at concentrations of 7.5 mM.
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Mhlauli, Ntuthuzelo Columbus. "Growth analysis and soil water balance of selected vegetable crops." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/26200.

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Please read the abstract in the section 00front of this document
Dissertation (M Inst Agrar (Horticulture Science))--University of Pretoria, 2000.
Plant Production and Soil Science
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Juza, Holly Kay. "Water Quality Model for South Slough, Coos Bay, Oregon." PDXScholar, 1995. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/5046.

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The South Slough Estuary is located off Coos Bay along the southern coast of Oregon. It is divided into two channels that meet and continue to Coos Bay at the Charleston Harbor. There are six major contributing streams to South Slough. After rainfall events, the level of coliform bacteria in the slough increases because of stream bacteria loading. This is due to cattle grazing in the drainage areas, failed septic systems from private homes, and sewage sludge applied to the County landfill, which drains into the slough. The Oregon Health Division has enforced a Sanitation Management Plan for Commercial Shellfish Harvesting in South Slough that specifies closure of commercial shellfish harvesting for certain rainfall and flood events. The purpose of this study is to analyze and improve the current understanding of the hydraulics and water quality of the South Slough Estuary. This was achieved by calibrating the South Slough using the water quality model CEQUAL- W2. It was calibrated for the following parameters water surface elevations, velocity, temperature and total dissolved solids. A management analysis was also done analyzing the transport of bacteria and a conservative tracer. Model predictions for water surface elevations at one of the monitoring sites, Hinch Road Bridge, was significantly lower than measured elevations. There was an excellent correlation of velocity, and reasonable timing of peaks due to tidal effects. Model predictions for temperature and total dissolved solids match measured values well. To improve the accuracy of the model the following was recommended; install a raingage in the South Slough, measure temperature and constituent concentrations at inflow locations, survey the S4 current meter, new soundings performed of the Winchester Creek arm and at the Hinch Road Bridge gaging station, and investigate the possibility of an obstruction near the Hinch Road Bridge gaging station.
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Books on the topic "Crops and water – Oregon"

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Cuenca, Richard H. Oregon crop water use and irrigation requirements. Corvallis, Or: Water Resources Engineering Team, Oregon State University, 1992.

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Meeting, Universities Council on Water Resources. Proceedings: Cross currents in water policy : UCOWR 98, August 4-7, 1998, Hood River, Oregon. [Lincoln, Neb.?: UCOWR, 1998.

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Ontario. Ministry of Agriculture and Food. Water Quality For Greenhouse Crops. S.l: s.n, 1987.

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Edwards, Thomas K. Oregon ground-water quality. Denver, Colo: Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 1987.

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Edwards, Thomas K. Oregon ground-water quality. Denver, Colo: Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 1987.

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Edwards, Thomas K. Oregon ground-water quality. Denver, Colo: Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 1987.

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Altland, James Elmer. Common weeds in Oregon container crops. Corvallis, Or: Oregon State University, Extension Service, 2004.

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Ahuja, L. R., V. R. Reddy, S. A. Saseendran, and Qiang Yu, eds. Response of Crops to Limited Water. Madison, WI, USA: American Society of Agronomy and Soil Science Society of America, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/advagricsystmodel1.

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Neuman, Janet. Oregon water law: A comprehensive treatise on the law of water and water rights in Oregon. [Portland, Oregon]: [Janet Neuman], 2011.

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Mason, Robert George. Farm labor demand for six Oregon crops. Corvallis, OR: Agricultural Experiment Station, Oregon State University, 1989.

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Book chapters on the topic "Crops and water – Oregon"

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Sonneveld, Cees, and Wim Voogt. "Water Uptake and Water Supply." In Plant Nutrition of Greenhouse Crops, 103–25. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-2532-6_6.

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Dalei, A., C. R. Subudhi, and B. Panigrahi. "Water Requirement of Crops." In Modeling Methods and Practices in Soil and Water Engineering, 311–58. Oakville, ON ; Waretown, NJ : Apple Academic Press, [2016] |: Apple Academic Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b19987-15.

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Zahoor, Syed Ahsan, Shakeel Ahmad, Ashfaq Ahmad, Aftab Wajid, Tasneem Khaliq, Muhammad Mubeen, Sajjad Hussain, et al. "Improving Water Use Efficiency in Agronomic Crop Production." In Agronomic Crops, 13–29. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-32-9783-8_2.

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Maalik, U., M. Farid, M. Zubair, S. Ali, M. Rizwan, M. Shafqat, and H. K. Ishaq. "Rice Production, Augmentation, Escalation, and Yield Under Water Stress." In Agronomic Crops, 117–28. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-0025-1_7.

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Judge, Emma. "5. Cash crops." In Hands On Food, Water and Finance, 119–48. Rugby, Warwickshire, United Kingdom: Practical Action Publishing, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.3362/9781780445106.005.

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Mubeen, Khuram, and Khawar Jabran. "Alternate Wetting and Drying System for Water Management in Rice." In Agronomic Crops, 101–10. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-32-9783-8_6.

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Maalik, U., M. Farid, M. Zubair, S. Ali, M. Rizwan, M. Shafqat, and H. K. Ishaq. "Correction to: Rice Production, Augmentation, Escalation, and Yield Under Water Stress." In Agronomic Crops, C1. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-0025-1_32.

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Kimball, Bruce A. "Global Change and Water Resources." In Irrigation of Agricultural Crops, 627–53. Madison, WI, USA: American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, Soil Science Society of America, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/agronmonogr30.2ed.c17.

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Evett, Steven R. "Soil Water and Monitoring Technology." In Irrigation of Agricultural Crops, 23–84. Madison, WI, USA: American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, Soil Science Society of America, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/agronmonogr30.2ed.c2.

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Waśkiewicz, Agnieszka, Olimpia Gładysz, Monika Beszterda, and Piotr Goliński. "Water stress and vegetable crops." In Water Stress and Crop Plants, 393–411. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119054450.ch24.

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Conference papers on the topic "Crops and water – Oregon"

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Gregory S. Hendricks, Sanjay Shukla, Kent E. Cushman, Thomas A. Obreza, and Eugene. J. McAvoy. "Effects of Water and Nutrient Strategies on Water Quality and Crop Yield." In 2006 Portland, Oregon, July 9-12, 2006. St. Joseph, MI: American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.20668.

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V. Alchanatis, Y. Cohen, S. Cohen, M. Moller, M. Meron, J. Tsipris, V. Orlov, A. Naor, and Z. Charit. "Fusion of IR and Multispectral Images in the Visible Range for Empirical and Model Based Mapping of Crop Water Status." In 2006 Portland, Oregon, July 9-12, 2006. St. Joseph, MI: American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.20652.

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Erik Flojgaard Kristensen and Claus G. Sorensen. "Ridge tillage of organic row crops." In 2006 Portland, Oregon, July 9-12, 2006. St. Joseph, MI: American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.21016.

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Santiago Planas de Martí, Joan Ramon Rosell Polo, Emilio Gil Moya, Luís Val Monterola, and Alexandre Escolà Agustí. "Optimizing pesticide spray application in tree crops." In 2006 Portland, Oregon, July 9-12, 2006. St. Joseph, MI: American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.20630.

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E.A. Ajav and J.O. Ojediran. "Some Physical and Aerodynamics Properties of Three Nigerian Cereal Crops as Related to their Cleaning." In 2006 Portland, Oregon, July 9-12, 2006. St. Joseph, MI: American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.21463.

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Emilio Gil. "Inspection of Sprayers in Use: a European Sustainable Strategy to Reduce Pesticide Use in Fruit Crops." In 2006 Portland, Oregon, July 9-12, 2006. St. Joseph, MI: American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.20632.

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Timothy M. Harrigan, Dale R. Mutch, and Sieglinde S. Snapp. "Stabilizing Nutrient-Rich Farm Land with Manure Slurry-Enriched Seeding of Cover Crops in Diverse Cropping Systems." In 2006 Portland, Oregon, July 9-12, 2006. St. Joseph, MI: American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.21086.

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Randy L. Raper. "Using Non-inversion Tillage and Cover Crops to Increase Use of Conservation Agriculture in the Southern U.S." In 2006 Portland, Oregon, July 9-12, 2006. St. Joseph, MI: American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.20580.

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Heping Zhu, Richard C. Derksen, Charles R. Krause, H. Erdal Ozkan, Ross D. Brazee, Robert D. Fox, and Karl Losely. "Dynamic air velocity and spray deposition inside dense nursery crops with a multi-jet air-assist sprayer." In 2006 Portland, Oregon, July 9-12, 2006. St. Joseph, MI: American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.20628.

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Jose Deras and Steven Hall. "Design and Testing of Inexpensive Water Capture Devices for Water Quality Assessment." In 2006 Portland, Oregon, July 9-12, 2006. St. Joseph, MI: American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.20671.

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Reports on the topic "Crops and water – Oregon"

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Research Institute (IFPRI), International Food Policy. Blue and green water use by irrigated crops. Washington, DC: International Food Policy Research Institute, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2499/9780896298460_21.

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Water Management Institute, International. Changing to biofuel crops makes productive use of contaminated water. International Water Management Institute (IWMI), 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.5337/2012.002.

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Shukri, Ibrahim. Municipal water use: an Oregon case study. Portland State University Library, January 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/etd.523.

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Jones, Cullen. Groundwater-Surface Water Interactions near Mosier, Oregon. Portland State University Library, January 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/etd.5312.

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Tolbert, V. R., J. E. Lindberg, and T. H. Green. Soil and water quality implications of production of herbaceous and woody energy crops. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/634029.

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Pederson, Carl H., Rameshwar S. Kanwar, and Matthew J. Helmers. Impact of Liquid Swine Manure Application and Cover Crops on Ground Water Quality. Ames: Iowa State University, Digital Repository, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/farmprogressreports-180814-795.

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Pederson, Carl H., Rameshwar S. Kanwar, Matthew J. Helmers, and Antonio P. Mallarino. Impact of Liquid Swine Manure Application and Cover Crops on Ground Water Quality. Ames: Iowa State University, Digital Repository, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/farmprogressreports-180814-2111.

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Pederson, Carl H., Rameshwar S. Kanwar, Matthew J. Helmers, and Antonio P. Mallarino. Impact of Liquid Swine Manure Application and Cover Crops on Ground Water Quality. Ames: Iowa State University, Digital Repository, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/farmprogressreports-180814-2779.

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Pederson, Carl, Matt Helmers, Michelle Soupir, Ramesh Kanwar, and Antonio Mallarino. Impact of Liquid Swine Manure Application and Cover Crops on Nitrate in Subsurface Drainage Water. Ames: Iowa State University, Digital Repository, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/farmprogressreports-180814-1437.

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Pederson, Carl, Matt Helmers, Michelle Soupir, Ramesh Kanwar, and Antonio Mallarino. Impact of Liquid Swine Manure Application and Cover Crops on Nitrate in Subsurface Drainage Water. Ames: Iowa State University, Digital Repository, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/farmprogressreports-180814-1557.

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