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Journal articles on the topic 'Cross bones'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 11 February 2022

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1

Harris, Adrian. "Cross Bones Graveyard." Fieldwork in Religion 8, no. 2 (2013): 156–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1558/firn.v8i2.156.

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Cross Bones is an unconsecrated graveyard in south London that is the final resting place of around 15,000 bodies, mostly paupers and prostitutes. These are the outcast dead, unnamed and largely forgotten until construction workers began to unearth their bones in the early 1990s. A local urban Shaman became inspired by one of the spirits of Crossbones and soon Pagans began to honour the outcast dead with simple ceremonies and offerings. I begin with a short historical introduction concerning the origins of the Cross Bones graveyard and then I will briefly outline the significance of the text i

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2

Hong, Yuyu, Yuchang Pang, Haiquan Zhao, et al. "The Morphology of Cross-Beaks and BMP4 Gene Expression in Huiyang Bearded Chickens." Animals 9, no. 12 (2019): 1143. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani9121143.

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Bird beaks are important for biological purposes such as food intake, removing parasites, and defining phenotypic attributes. Cross-beaks are a threat to poultry health and are harmful to productivity, wasting some units in the poultry industry. However, there is still limited research on subtypes of cross-beaks and the genetic basis of cross-beaks as well. Here, we described the subtypes of cross-beaks in terms of left or right and upper or lower jaw bones. We evaluated the impact of cross-beaks on craniofacial bones and figured out the relationship between bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP4)

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Broshko, Ye O. "Variability of Structural and Biomechanical Parameters of Pelophylax Esculentus (Amphibia, Anura) Limb Bones." Vestnik Zoologii 48, no. 3 (2014): 239–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/vzoo-2014-0027.

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Abstract Variability of Structural and Biomechanical Prameters of Pelophylax esculentus (Amphibia, Anura) Limb Bones. Broshko Ye. O. — Structural and biomechanical parameters of Edible Frog, Pelophylax esculentus (Linnaeus, 1758), limb bones, namely, mass, linear dimensions, parameters of the shaft’s cross-sectional shape (cross-sectional area, moments of inertia, radiuses of inertia) were investigated. Some coefficients were also estimated: diameters ratio (df/ds), cross-sectional index (ik), principal moments of inertia ratio (Imax/Imin.). Coefficients of variation of linear dimensions (11.9

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4

Ozyigit, Gulsum, and Resat Ozcan. "Cross-Sectional Geometry of Equine Metacarpal and Metatarsal Bones." Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances 9, no. 6 (2010): 971–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/javaa.2010.971.975.

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5

Brown, Gregory J., and Joanne Bowen. "Animal bones from the Cross Street Back Lot privy." Historical Archaeology 32, no. 3 (1998): 72–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf03374261.

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6

Fotiadis, D. I., G. Foutsitzi, and C. V. Massalas. "Wave propagation in human long bones of arbitrary cross-section." International Journal of Engineering Science 38, no. 14 (2000): 1553–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0020-7225(99)00123-8.

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7

Cubo, J., and A. Casinos. "Biomechanical Significance of Cross-Sectional Geometry of Avian Long Bones." European Journal of Morphology 36, no. 1 (1998): 19–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1076/ejom.36.1.19.9029.

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8

Sadé, Jacob, and Michal Luntz. "Eustachian Tube Lumen: Comparison between Normal and Inflamed Specimens." Annals of Otology, Rhinology & Laryngology 98, no. 8 (1989): 630–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000348948909800812.

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This study presents measurements of the cross-sectional luminal area of the eustachian tube. Comparisons are made between the lumens of eustachian tubes obtained from temporal bones presenting acute or secretory otitis media and those from noninflamed temporal bones. The material consisted of 71 temporal bones obtained postmortem from individuals up to 2 years of age. Forty-six of these showed no middle ear inflammation, while 25 presented either acute or secretory otitis media. In both groups the lumens of all the eustachian tubes were patent, presenting no obstruction. The mean cross-section

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9

Shegal, CM, DG Lewallen, RA Robb, and JF Greenleaf. "Ultrasonic Imaging of Musculoskeletal System." Physiology 6, no. 1 (1991): 16–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/physiologyonline.1991.6.1.16.

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From tomographic images of ultrasonic attenuation and backscatter of animal bones, cross sections in any other plane can be computed by using advanced imaging software (ANALYZE). The resulting high-quality images very effectively discriminate between soft tissues and bones.

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10

Nally, Claire. "Cross Bones Graveyard: Excavating the Prostitute in Neo-Victorian Popular Culture." Journal of Victorian Culture 23, no. 2 (2018): 247–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jvc/vcx006.

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11

Hadley, C. B., and N. Milne. "Marsupial locomotion and the cross-sectional properties of their limb bones." HOMO 61, no. 3 (2010): 211. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jchb.2010.01.020.

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12

KIMURA, H., Y. IKUTA, and O. ISHIDA. "Carpal Tunnel Syndrome in Radial Dysplasia." Journal of Hand Surgery 26, no. 6 (2001): 533–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1054/jhsb.2001.0653.

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We treated three patients for carpal tunnel syndrome which developed more than 10 years after reconstructive surgery for radial dysplasia. All responded to decompressive surgery. The radial carpal bones were hypoplastic in all cases, and in two we measured the carpal tunnel with computed tomography (CT). This showed that the anteroposterior diameter and cross-sectional area of the carpal tunnel were small because of the hypoplasia of the carpal bones. We believe carpal tunnel syndrome occurs with radial dysplasia because of the narrow anteroposterior diameter and small cross-sectional area of

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13

Sedzielarz, Maija, and Christopher Robinson. "Measuring Growth on a Museum Field Trip: Dinosaur Bones and Tree Cross Sections." Teaching Children Mathematics 13, no. 6 (2007): 292–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.5951/tcm.13.6.0292.

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14

Tumusiime, Gerald, Gonzaga Gonza Kirum, and John Kukiriza. "The Number and Determinants of Nutrient foramina among dry human femur bones from the East African population: A Cross-section study." International Journal of Anatomy and Research 9, no. 3.3 (2021): 8091–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.16965/ijar.2021.152.

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Background: Nutrient foramina form important landmarks on the femur and other bones as the portal of entry for nutrient arteries. Nutrient arteries are important sources of blood supply for growing bones; and their variations may be due to congenital or acquired causes. These variations are important in anatomical comparisons, orthopaedic surgical practice and forensic medicine. Aims: This study aimed at establishing the number and determinants of the nutrient foramina among dry human femur bones from the East African population. Materials and methods: This was a cross-section study of 333 dry

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15

Saeed, Ifra, Ayesha Yousaf, and Muhammad Musharaf Baig. "A Radiographic Study on Prevalence of Sesamoid Bones of Feet in residents of Rawalpindi/Islamabad." Journal of Rawalpindi Medical College 24, no. 4 (2020): 353–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.37939/jrmc.v24i4.1452.

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Objective: The present study was conducted to evaluate distribution, prevalence, number and the commonest site of the sesamoid bones of foot in adult residents of Rawalpindi/Islamabad Material and Methods: Study Type: Descriptive Observational Cross-sectional Study Material and methods: Total of hundred patients were selected from the outpatient department of Radiology Holy Family Hospital Rawalpindi and SON-X Laboratory, Saidpur road Rawalpindi. Fifty were male and fifty were females. Anteroposterior and lateral view of foot radiographs were taken and studied for the prevale

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Saeed, Ifra, Ayesha Yousaf, and Muhammad Musharaf Baig. "A Radiographic Study on Prevalence of Sesamoid Bones of Feet in residents of Rawalpindi/Islamabad." Journal of Rawalpindi Medical College 24, no. 4 (2020): 353–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.37939/jrmc.v24i4.1452.

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Objective: The present study was conducted to evaluate distribution, prevalence, number and the commonest site of the sesamoid bones of foot in adult residents of Rawalpindi/Islamabad Material and Methods: Study Type: Descriptive Observational Cross-sectional Study Material and methods: Total of hundred patients were selected from the outpatient department of Radiology Holy Family Hospital Rawalpindi and SON-X Laboratory, Saidpur road Rawalpindi. Fifty were male and fifty were females. Anteroposterior and lateral view of foot radiographs were taken and studied for the prevale

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17

Shackelford, Laura, Fiona Marshall, and Joris Peters. "Identifying donkey domestication through changes in cross-sectional geometry of long bones." Journal of Archaeological Science 40, no. 12 (2013): 4170–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jas.2013.06.006.

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18

Hagihara, Yasuo, and Takashi Nara. "Diaphyseal cross-sectional geometry of the metatarsal bones in the Jomon population." American Journal of Physical Anthropology 166, no. 3 (2018): 745–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ajpa.23463.

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19

Zaki, Moushira Erfan, Ayman A. Azab, Walaa Yousef, Eslam Y. Wassal, and Hala T. El-Bassyouni. "Cross-sectional analysis of long bones in a sample of ancient Egyptians." Egyptian Journal of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine 46, no. 3 (2015): 675–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejrnm.2015.03.008.

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20

Warren, Hannah V. "the bones on the museum floor behind the do not cross tape." Minnesota review 2021, no. 96 (2021): 47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00265667-8851422.

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21

Rivas, Manuel, Luís del Valle, Carlos Alemán, and Jordi Puiggalí. "Peptide Self-Assembly into Hydrogels for Biomedical Applications Related to Hydroxyapatite." Gels 5, no. 1 (2019): 14. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/gels5010014.

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Amphiphilic peptides can be self-assembled by establishing physical cross-links involving hydrogen bonds and electrostatic interactions with divalent ions. The derived hydrogels have promising properties due to their biocompatibility, reversibility, trigger capability, and tunability. Peptide hydrogels can mimic the extracellular matrix and favor the growth of hydroxyapatite (HAp) as well as its encapsulation. Newly designed materials offer great perspectives for applications in the regeneration of hard tissues such as bones, teeth, and cartilage. Furthermore, development of drug delivery syst

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22

Asin, Javier, Brian G. Murphy, Monika A. Samol, Jose Polanco, Janet D. Moore, and Francisco A. Uzal. "Rickets in a Thoroughbred-cross foal: case report and review of the literature." Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation 33, no. 5 (2021): 987–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/10406387211025232.

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Rickets is a metabolic bone disease associated with failure of endochondral ossification and impaired osteoid mineralization in growing animals. As a consequence, affected individuals can develop gross and microscopic bone malformations. The most common causes of rickets in domestic species include vitamin D and phosphorus deficiency. Rickets has been described in multiple species; however, comprehensive postmortem characterizations with confirmatory histopathology in equids have not been published. A 6-mo-old, Thoroughbred-cross foal was diagnosed with rickets based on gross autopsy findings

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23

Gabra, Joseph, and Zong-Ming Li. "Carpal Tunnel Cross-Sectional Area Affected by Soft Tissues Abutting the Carpal Bones." Journal of Wrist Surgery 02, no. 01 (2013): 073–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0032-1329593.

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24

Lockwood, Paul, James Elliott, Andrew Nelson, and Samantha Harris. "Computed tomography head and facial bones review of a 2700 year old Egyptian mummy." BJR|case reports 6, no. 2 (2020): 20190076. http://dx.doi.org/10.1259/bjrcr.20190076.

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CT scanning techniques used in head and facial bones examination in the clinical environment can also be transferable to the imaging of post-mortem cases as a novel non-destructive and non-invasive investigation in forensic cases. We describe a study of the head and facial bones of a 2700-year-old Egyptian mummy. Cross-sectional investigation can lead to discovering unknown information of skeletal and soft tissue structures and anatomy to contribute to the knowledge of preserved mummified remains and the practice of palaeoradiology.

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25

Kwiecień, Małgorzata, Kornel Kasperek, Anna Winiarska-Mieczan, et al. "Effect of Caponisation on Bone Development in Native Male Chickens." Annals of Animal Science 19, no. 4 (2019): 991–1007. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/aoas-2019-0057.

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AbstractThe aim of the study was to determine the effect of caponisation on the morphometric traits and mechanical parameters of tibial and femoral bones in Greenleg Partridge cocks. The experiment involved 200 cocks. At the age of 8 weeks, 100 birds were subjected to surgical castration. At week 24, the birds were slaughtered and tibial and femoral bones were collected from 10 non-caponised cocks and 10 capons. The caponisation surgery had no effect on the weight and length of any of the long bones but resulted in reduction (P≤0.05) of the ash content in both bones and Ca in the femur. It als

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26

Boschin, Francesco, Clément Zanolli, Federico Bernardini, Francesco Princivalle, and Claudio Tuniz. "A Look from the Inside: MicroCT Analysis of Burned Bones." Ethnobiology Letters 6, no. 2 (2015): 258–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.14237/ebl.6.2.2015.365.

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MicroCT imaging is increasingly used in paleoanthropological and zooarchaeological research to analyse the internal microstructure of bone, replacing comparatively invasive and destructive methods. Consequently the analytical potential of this relatively new 3D imaging technology can be enhanced by developing discipline specific protocols for archaeological analysis. Here we examine how the microstructure of mammal bone changes after burning and explore if X-ray computed microtomography (microCT) can be used to obtain reliable information from burned specimens. We subjected domestic pig, roe d

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27

Zambrano M., Lilibeth A., David Kilroy, Arun Kumar, Michael D. Gilchrist, and Aisling Ní Annaidh. "The presence of Wormian bones increases the fracture resistance of equine cranial bone." PLOS ONE 16, no. 4 (2021): e0249451. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0249451.

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Wormian (intrasutural) bones are small, irregular bones, that are found in the cranial sutures of the skull. The occurrence of Wormian bones in human skulls has been well documented but few studies have detected the presence of such bones in domestic animals. Although some research has linked the presence of Wormian bones to bone pathology, its anatomical significance in healthy individuals is not known. To the best of our knowledge, no previous study has examined the biomechanical features of Wormian bone. This study uses microCT imaging of the parietal bone region to determine the frequency

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28

Deltoro, J., and Ana M. López. "Allometric growth patterns of limb bones in rabbits." Animal Production 46, no. 3 (1988): 461–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003356100019073.

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ABSTRACTRelative growth of length and thickness of femur, tibia, humerus and radius-ulna was studied using data from 320 rabbits from both sexes of two lines (New Zealand White and California). A cross-sectional design was used with slaughter points fixed at weekly intervals from 1 to 20 weeks of age. Carcass length was chosen as independent variable and two models were fitted to the data. Model 1 assumed the existence of one allometric change at some moment of the post-natal development and model 2 of a continuous change of the allometric coefficient throughout the experimental period.Most of

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29

Lasaygues, Philippe, Régine Guillermin, Eric Debieu, Jean‐Pierre Lefebvre, and Philippe Petit. "Cross‐sectional ultrasonic tomography of the medullary cavity of child bones ‐ Limits of resolution." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 123, no. 5 (2008): 3634. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.2934880.

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30

Azevedo, Patrick O., Ana E. Paiva, Gabryella S. P. Santos, et al. "Cross-talk between lung cancer and bones results in neutrophils that promote tumor progression." Cancer and Metastasis Reviews 37, no. 4 (2018): 779–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10555-018-9759-4.

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31

Bouxsein, M. L., K. H. Myburgh, M. C. H. van der Meulen, E. Lindenberger, and R. Marcus. "Age-related differences in cross-sectional geometry of the forearm bones in healthy women." Calcified Tissue International 54, no. 2 (1994): 113–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00296061.

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32

CRISTOFOLINI, LUCA, MASSIMILIANO BALEANI, ENRICO SCHILEO, et al. "DIFFERENCES BETWEEN CONTRALATERAL BONES OF THE HUMAN LOWER LIMBS: A MULTISCALE INVESTIGATION." Journal of Mechanics in Medicine and Biology 14, no. 03 (2014): 1450032. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219519414500328.

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This study addressed side asymmetry between human lower limb long bones. A multiscale approach was taken to investigate differences between contralateral femurs, tibias and fibulas, at body-level (total-body CT-scans, anatomical dissection), organ-level (volume and moments of areas; structural stiffness and strain distribution in bending and torsions) and tissue-level (mineral density, elastic modulus, hardness). Because of the large amount of measurements taken, the study was limited to two donors. However, high statistical power within the same donor was achieved thanks to a large number of

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33

Li, Si Min, Emrah Demirci, and Vadim V. Silberschmidt. "Analysis of Deformation Characteristics of Cortical Bone Tissue." Solid State Phenomena 188 (May 2012): 118–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.188.118.

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Numerical modeling of bones is necessary for design of efficient surgical cutting tools that can provide low cutting forces, reduce damage and prevent thermal necrosis of bone tissue. Development of realistic numerical models of cortical bone tissue requires deep knowledge of its deformation behaviour. Deformation mechanisms of bones differ from those of metals, polymers and composites since bones consist of a living tissue with hierarchical microstructure. The aim of this study is to analyse deformation characteristics of the cortical bone tissue from both experimental and numerical perspecti

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34

Amson, Eli. "Overall Bone Structure as Assessed by Slice-by-Slice Profile." Evolutionary Biology 46, no. 4 (2019): 343–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11692-019-09486-6.

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Abstract Quantifying the inner structure of bones is central to various analyses dealing with the phenotypic evolution of animals with an ossified skeleton. Computed tomography allows to assess the repartition of bone tissue within an entire skeletal element. Two parameters of importance for such analyses are the global compactness (Cg) and total cross-sectional area (Tt.Ar). However, no open-source, time-efficient methods are available to acquire these parameters for whole bones. A methodology to assess the variation of these parameters along a profile following one of the studied bone’s anat

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35

Matsuda, J. J., R. F. Zernicke, A. C. Vailas, V. A. Pedrini, A. Pedrini-Mille, and J. A. Maynard. "Structural and mechanical adaptation of immature bone to strenuous exercise." Journal of Applied Physiology 60, no. 6 (1986): 2028–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1986.60.6.2028.

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To investigate the adaptive responses of immature bone to increased loads, young (3-wk-old) White Leghorn roosters were subjected to moderately intense treadmill running for 5 or 9 wk. The training program induced significant increases in maximal O2 consumption and muscle fumarase activity in the 12-wk-old birds, demonstrating that growing chickens have the ability to enhance their aerobic capacity. The structural and mechanical properties of the runners' tarsometatarsus bones were compared with sedentary age-matched controls at 8 and 12 wk of age. Suppression of circumferential growth occurre

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36

Fussey, J. M., H. El-Maghraby, and D. Rejali. "Hyperpneumatisation of the craniocervical bones: an emerging aetiological pattern." Journal of Laryngology & Otology 128, no. 4 (2014): 381–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022215114000097.

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AbstractBackground:Hyperpneumatisation of the skull base and upper cervical vertebrae is a very rare condition of uncertain aetiology and pathophysiology.Case report:A case of extensive hyperpneumatisation of the craniocervical junction and upper three cervical vertebrae is described, in a patient who habitually performed the Valsalva manoeuvre to relieve the symptoms of a patulous eustachian tube. Reported symptoms of ear, neck and shoulder pain deteriorated after minor head trauma. There was a drastic radiological and clinical improvement after ceasing to perform the Valsalva manoeuvre.Discu

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37

Matsuura, Takashi, Kentaro Tokutomi, Michiko Sasaki, Michitsuna Katafuchi, Emiri Mizumachi, and Hironobu Sato. "Distinct Characteristics of Mandibular Bone Collagen Relative to Long Bone Collagen: Relevance to Clinical Dentistry." BioMed Research International 2014 (2014): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/769414.

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Bone undergoes constant remodeling throughout life. The cellular and biochemical mechanisms of bone remodeling vary in a region-specific manner. There are a number of notable differences between the mandible and long bones, including developmental origin, osteogenic potential of mesenchymal stem cells, and the rate of bone turnover. Collagen, the most abundant matrix protein in bone, is responsible for determining the relative strength of particular bones. Posttranslational modifications of collagen, such as intermolecular crosslinking and lysine hydroxylation, are the most essential determina

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38

Cubo, Jorge, and Adrià Casinos. "The variation of the cross-sectional shape in the long bones of birds and mammals." Annales des Sciences Naturelles - Zoologie et Biologie Animale 19, no. 1 (1998): 51–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0003-4339(98)80134-2.

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39

Beaupré, G. S., and D. R. Carter. "Warping of cross sections in the torsion of long bones with internal fracture fixation plates." Journal of Orthopaedic Research 5, no. 2 (1987): 296–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jor.1100050216.

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40

Chakravarthi, Kosuri Kalyan, Siddaraju K. S., Nelluri Venumadhav, and Sangeeta Atamaram Bali. "Anatomical and congenital variations of human dry sternum bone: its embryogenesis and clinical implications." International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences 6, no. 1 (2017): 300. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20175738.

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Background: The sternum is one of the skeleton parts with frequently detected variation in cross-sectional images or autopsy series. The anatomical or congenital variations of the sternum in the anterior chest wall may involve malignancies, injuries or severe traumas. The aim of the study was undertaken to evaluate the incidence of anatomical and congenital variations of human dry sternum bones.Methods: This study was carried out on 120 dry human sternum bones irrespective of age and sex at Varun Arjun medical college- Banthra, UP, KMCT Medical College, Manassery-Calicut and Melaka Manipal Med

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41

Tóth, Péter, Grace Hinton, Csaba Horváth, et al. "Bone mineral density and computer tomographic measurements in correlation with failure strength of equine metacarpal bones." Acta Veterinaria Brno 83, no. 1 (2014): 45–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.2754/avb201483010045.

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Information regarding bone mineral density and fracture characteristics of the equine metacarpus are lacking. The aim of this study was to characterize the relationship between mechanical properties of the equine metacarpal bone and its biomechanical and morphometric properties. Third metacarpal bones were extracted from horses euthanized unrelated to musculoskeletal conditions. In total, bone specimens from 26 front limbs of 13 horses (7.8 ± 5.8 years old) including Lipizzaner (n = 5), Hungarian Warmblood (n = 2), Holsteiner (n = 2), Thoroughbred (n = 1), Hungarian Sporthorse (n = 1), Friesia

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42

El-Anwar, Mohamed I., Mohamed M. El-Zawahry, Eman M. Ibraheem, Mohammad Zakaria Nassani, and Hisham ElGabry. "New dental implant selection criterion based on implant design." European Journal of Dentistry 11, no. 02 (2017): 186–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/1305-7456.208432.

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ABSTRACT Objective: A comparative study between threaded and plain dental implant designs was performed to find out a new criterion for dental implant selection. Materials and Methods: Several dental implant designs with a systematic increase in diameter and length were positioned in a cylindrical-shaped bone section and analyzed using finite element method. Four loading types were tested on different dental implant designs; tension of 50 N, compression of 100 N, bending of 20 N, and torque of 2 Nm, to derive design curves. Results: Better stress distribution on both spongy and cortical bone w

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43

Cool, SM, MB Bennet, and K. Romaniuk. "Age estimation of pteropodid bats (Megachiroptera) from hard tissue parameters." Wildlife Research 21, no. 3 (1994): 353. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr9940353.

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This investigation employed undecalcified thin (10 �m) and thick (100 �m) mid-root sections of surgically removed canine teeth, and thick sections of diaphyseal fore- and hind-limb bones from 14 fruit bats (Pteropus alecto and R poliocephalus) of known age, to attempt to establish a relationship between the chronological age of these animals and changes in the cross-sectional morphology of the hard tissues. Growth layers in bone, dentine and cementum were clearly visible in cross sections when viewed by Nomarski interference microscopy. The number of growth layers in the periosteal region of l

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44

Ouedraogo, E., P. Lasaygues, J. P. Lefebvre, M. Gindre, M. Talmant, and P. Laugier. "Contrast and Velocity Ultrasonic Tomography of Long Bones." Ultrasonic Imaging 24, no. 3 (2002): 139–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/016173460202400302.

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Our objective is to derive quantitative sound speed images of cortical bone using ultrasonic transmission tomography. Cortical bone is a highly refracting medium, i.e., the sound velocity changes abruptly across the interface between soft tissue and bone. It results in a loss of data compared to classical tomography in soft tissues. In order to correct for degradation by refraction effects, the classical acquisition procedure of projection data is modified; the transducers are oriented according to Snell's law of refraction with the aim of optimizing the sound propagation as parallel longitudi

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45

Stock, S. R., M. Laugesen, H. Birkedal, et al. "Precision lattice parameter determination from transmission diffraction of thick specimens with irregular cross sections." Journal of Applied Crystallography 52, no. 1 (2019): 40–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s1600576718017132.

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Accurate determination of lattice parameters from X-ray diffraction requires that the diffraction angles be measured very precisely, and significant errors result if the sample–detector separation differs from that assumed. Transmission diffraction from bones, which have a complex cross section and must be left intact, is a situation where this separation is difficult to measure and it may differ from position to position across the specimen. This article describes a method for eliminating the effect of variable sample cross section. Diffraction patterns for each position on the specimen are c

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Dumont, M., N. Zoeger, C. Streli, et al. "Synchrotron XRF analyses of element distribution in fossilized sauropod dinosaur bones." Powder Diffraction 24, no. 2 (2009): 130–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1154/1.3131803.

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Sauropod dinosaurs were typically one magnitude larger than any other living or extinct terrestrial animal. This sheer size of the sauropod leads to scale effects in their biology and physiology that still are inadequately understood. The only remnants of the sauropods are their fossilized bones. These fossilized bones have sustained burial for some hundred million years and thus may have experienced significant diagenetic changes. These diagenetic changes often do not affect bone preservation on the histological level, but may lead to significant alterations of the bone microstructure. Here t

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Rudyk, H. V. "The determination of mineral density indices of the thigh bone by densitometry data in rats, for experimental fumonizinotoxycosis." Scientific Messenger of LNU of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology 21, no. 93 (2019): 169–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.32718/nvlvet9330.

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The article deals with the analytical methods that have allowed to provide detailed information on the material content of bones and structural organizations of both inorganic and organic bone components. The information provided in the present search may increase the knowledge of the influence of fumonisins on the structure and bone in general. On the basis of osteometric measurements, the geometry of the transverse section of the middle diaphysis is determined. They included a definition both the external and internal diameters of the transverse section of the middle of the diaphysis (both i

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Chamova, Rositsa, Maria Panteleeva, and Eliyana Ivanova. "NUTRITION AS A BONES HEALTH FACTOR WITH SIGNIFICANT INFLUENCE." Journal of IMAB - Annual Proceeding (Scientific Papers) 26, no. 4 (2020): 3426–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.5272/jimab.2020264.3426.

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Osteoporosis is a global health problem with increasing importance. It is a chronic, debilitating disease characterized by low bone density and deterioration of the micro architectonics of bone tissue. Although genetic factors largely determine the bone size and density, factors such as healthy eating, good physical activity and avoiding alcohol and smoking also play a key role. At all ages, healthy eating is an important factor in bone health. Aim: To study the eating habits that are important for bone health in women from Varna. Methods: A cross-sectional study of the eating habits of 139 wo

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Welch, J. M., C. M. Weaver, and C. H. Turner. "Adaptations to free-fall impact are different in the shafts and bone ends of rat forelimbs." Journal of Applied Physiology 97, no. 5 (2004): 1859–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00438.2004.

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Impact exercise can have beneficial effects on the growing skeleton. To understand what changes it promotes in the shafts and ends of weight-bearing bones, we measured the effects of impact from repetitive free falls in growing rats. Fischer 344 female rats, 6.5 wk old, were assigned to one of three groups ( n = 10 each). Controls were not dropped, whereas those subjected to impact were dropped from 30 or 60 cm. Rats in both free-fall groups were dropped 10 times per day for 8 wk. Leg bones were mechanically tested, and their cross-sectional area (CSA), cross-sectional moments of inertia, and

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Wilson, Bob. "Displayed or Concealed? Cross Cultural Evidence for Symbolic and Ritual Activity Depositing Iron Age Animal Bones." Oxford Journal of Archaeology 18, no. 3 (1999): 297–305. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1468-0092.00085.

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