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Journal articles on the topic 'Cross-border movements'
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1
Huesca, Robert. "Cross‐border justice movements andmaquiladoraworkers." Journal of Borderlands Studies 19, no. 2 (2004): 45–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08865655.2004.9695626.
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Kwanho Shin and 주원. "Cross-border Movements of Value-added through Trade." KUKJE KYUNGJE YONGU 22, no. 3 (2016): 27–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.17298/kky.2016.22.3.002.
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Rosatte, Rick, Dennis Donovan, Mike Allan, Laura Bruce, and Chris Davies. "Human-assisted Movements of Raccoons, Procyon lotor, and Opossums, Didelphis virginiana, between the United States and Canada." Canadian Field-Naturalist 121, no. 2 (2007): 212. http://dx.doi.org/10.22621/cfn.v121i2.450.
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Movements of Raccoons (Procyon lotor) (mean = 479 km) and Opossums (Didelphis virginiana) (mean = 688 km) by means of transport trailers and a train from the USA and Quebec into Ontario were significantly greater than Raccoon movements (mean = 15 km) from Ontario to New York State determined by mark-recapture. Human-assisted movements of wildlife could have significant impacts with respect to cross-border movements of diseases such as rabies. Proactive communication programs, especially at International border crossing areas, should be encouraged to decrease the occurrence of the unintentional movement of wildlife and associated diseases.
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tejerina, benjamín. "Cross-Border Mobilisations: Struggles, Protest and Movements in Europe." European Political Science 13, no. 2 (2014): 225–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/eps.2014.1.
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Choucri, Nazli. "Cross-border Movements of Populations in a ‘Fair Globalization’." Development 48, no. 1 (2005): 44–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.development.1100104.
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Tsapenko, I. P. "Cross-border Movements of Talents and Challenges of New Crises." South Russian Journal of Social Sciences 21, no. 2 (2020): 42–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.31429/26190567-21-2-42-61.
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Espaillat Lizardo, Monica. "Haiti and Cuba: Trans-Caribbean Conversations and Cross Border Movement." Caribbean Quilt 3 (April 15, 2015): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.33137/caribbeanquilt.v3i1.22588.
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Vasyuta, Evgeniya Aleksandrovna, and Denis Ushakov. "ASPECTS OF CROSS-BORDER MOBILITY IN THE CONTEXT OF HEALTH TOURISM." EUrASEANs: journal on global socio-economic dynamics, no. 5(18) (October 1, 2019): 48–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.35678/2539-5645.5(18).2019.48-54.
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International migration of medical personnel inevitably results in a shortage of personnel in the healthcare sector in those countries from which healthcare professionals migrate. This is generally because they strive for higher wages, favorable working conditions, educational opportunities, new professional experience, and career growth. Such movements involve crossing the borders of the states. These processes result in a change in the quantitative and qualitative composition of medical personnel in both "donor" and "recipient" countries, affecting the professional structure of personnel, demographic profile, and geographical allocation. Such socioeconomic changes certainly affect the effectiveness of healthcare systems and medical care in various regions. This article presents an overview of international migration of medical personnel from the analytical point of view, analyzing its underlying causes, revealing the relationship in the movement of patients and healthcare workers in the context of health tourism, and suggesting mechanisms for regulating the migration of medical personnel.
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Piper, Nicola. "Labor Migration, Trafficking and International Marriage: Female Cross-Border Movements into Japan." Asian Journal of Women's Studies 5, no. 2 (1999): 69–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/12259276.1999.11665849.
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Majaw, Baniateilang. "Indo-Bangladesh borderland issues in Meghalaya." South Asia Research 41, no. 1 (2020): 100–118. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0262728020966100.
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Based on direct observation and primary local perspectives, this article examines experiences of cross-border movements in the borderland between Meghalaya and Bangladesh. It shows that the Indo-Bangladesh border is indeed an international border, but remains extremely porous for local people, with wide-ranging implications that raise theoretical issues about notions of ‘border’, but also prompt serious questions about local development, safety, security and citizenship in these peripheral borderlands.
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Bauerkämper, Arnd. "Transnational Fascism: Cross-Border Relations between Regimes and Movements in Europe, 1922-1939." East Central Europe 37, no. 2-3 (2010): 214–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/187633010x534469.
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In recent debates about transnational and inter-cultural approaches in historiography, crossborder relations have usually assumed a positive connotation for mutually enriching the parties involved. However, research on bilateral relationships between Italian Fascism and German National Socialism and of fascist movements in other European states demonstrate that transnational exchange is normatively ambivalent, i.e. it can comply with our aims, wishes and expectations or not. This contribution will present evidence for the attractiveness of Italian Fascism and German Nazism throughout Europe in the 1920s and 1930s. Beyond high politics, cooperation between fascists extended to other areas, like recreation and public relations. Nevertheless, fascist movements and regimes appropriated foreign doctrines and policies selectively in order to avert the charge of copying foreign models. They also stressed their nationalist credentials. Yet hypernationalism was deeply ingrained in fascist ideology, too. Thus, cooperation between European fascists was continuously hampered by mutual antagonism. Altogether, fascist nationalism and transnationalism were interrelated rather than mutually exclusive. Nevertheless, cross-border cooperation between fascist movements should not be underestimated or reduced to wartime collaboration.
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Frederick, Howard H. "Computer Communications in Cross-Border Coalition-Building North American NGO Networking Against NAFTA." Gazette (Leiden, Netherlands) 50, no. 2-3 (1992): 217–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/001654929205000207.
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This article begins by outlining John Locke's concept of global civil society and how it is embodied in the global non-governmental movements for peace, human rights, social justice, and environmental preservation and sustainability. The article then summarizes the role that new globe-girdling communications technologies are now playing within the NGO movements and describes the emergence of one global computer network known as the Association for Progressive Communications (APC) which links more than 15.000 NGO computers in 95 countries. As one case in this dramatic trend, the paper then examines North American Free Trade Agreement, a market- and government-imposed plan to unite the economies of Mexico, the United States, and Canada.
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Fernández-Casanueva, Carmen. "Those Who “Don’t Move” Dynamics of Mobility at Two Crossing Points on the Guatemala-Mexico Borderland, from the Experience of Workers Who Vitalize the Region." Land 10, no. 1 (2020): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land10010019.
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Drawing on qualitative research carried out in 2018 at two crossing points at the Guatemala-Mexico border, I focus my attention on individuals enabling movement and border crossing. These include money changers (cambistas or cambiadores), so-called tricyclists (tricilceros, people whose activity facilitates the transport of merchandise), motorcycle taxi drivers (locally called tuk tuks), rafters (balseros o camareros, in charge of the rafts that cross the border river), and, in general, people directly linked to movements in the region and across the border. Local actors like them, often overlooked, are the cogs that allow one side of the border to be connected to the other. Mobility and this specific space are affected by their imprint, their actions, and by the way they relate to their environment. Their aim is to be able to remain and protect their livelihood; in order to be able to not move, they allow movement across the border, shaping mobility, and also immobility, in the borderland. They are key actors in the construction of the border dynamic, mobility, and the space surrounding the line that divides both countries geopolitically. Although they play a role in the construction of (im)mobility of this space, they are subjects whose lives, destinies, and opportunities are intimately linked to the interactions and dynamics that take place there.
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TROYANSKAYA, Mariya A. "Migration in the border region of Russia and Kazakhstan: Practical considerations." National Interests: Priorities and Security 17, no. 1 (2021): 4–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.24891/ni.17.1.4.
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Subject. The article discusses the specifics of migration processes in the border region of Russia and Kazakhstan. Objectives. I analyze practical aspects of migration in the border region of Russia and Kazakhstan and review what can be done to maintain the socio-economic stability and retain human capital in border regions of the Russian Federation. Methods. The study is based on methods of analysis, systematization, comparison and matching. Results. I point out the specifics of the Russian constituent entities that lie on the border with Kazakhstan. I indicate distinctions of outbound and inbound migration processes in the analyzable areas. The article presents the analysis of the migration growth in the Russian regions bordering on the Kazakh areas, monitoring of incoming and outgoing migrants along directions of their movement. The article illustrates the composition of migrants who arrive in and leave the Russian regions bordering on Kazakhstan. The article enlists what can be done to maintain the socio-economic stability and retain human capital in the border regions of respective constituent entities of the Russian Federation. Conclusions and Relevance. Most regions bordering on Kazakhstan see a negative migration growth and considerable numbers of cross-border migrants. There are also significant cross-regional movements in the regions. To maintain the socio-economic stability in the border regions as part of the national policy, the national structure of migration should be taken into consideration. The government should urgently take efforts to set up a versatile model that would help immigrants undergo the social adaptation and integrate into the Russian society.
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Vulevic, Ana, Rui Alexandre Castanho, José Manuel Naranjo Gómez, et al. "Accessibility Dynamics and Regional Cross-Border Cooperation (CBC) Perspectives in the Portuguese—Spanish Borderland." Sustainability 12, no. 5 (2020): 1978. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12051978.
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Accessibility plays a major role in achieving sustainable transport, and therefore urban and regional sustainability. The urban public transport system promotes mobility and realizes a large part of urban movements. Moreover, improving accessibility in order to promote sustainable transport requires the application of new concepts and indicators as a powerful tool in the process of creating a balanced urban transport system. In this regard, one of the main goals of this research is to present an overview of the relevant accessibility indicators and assessment of accessibility in regional Cross-Border Cooperation (CBC) in order to transcendence challenges and obstacles for sustainable transportation in these regions along of Portuguese-Spanish border. This paper focuses on the accessibility of cross-border cooperation scenarios along the border regions of Alto Alentejo (Portugal) and Badajoz (Spain) where the Case Study Research Method (CSR) made it possible to recognize accessibility as a key factor in territorial success. Also, accessibility analysis can assess improvements as well as regional imbalances. In addition, this methodology can be used to identify missing links, which requires new investments enabling long-term sustainability.
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Devereux, Michael B., and Viktoria V. Hnatkovska. "Borders and Nominal Exchange Rates in Risk-Sharing." Journal of the European Economic Association 18, no. 3 (2019): 1238–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jeea/jvz012.
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Abstract Models of risk-sharing predict that relative consumption growth rates are positively related to changes in real exchange rates. We investigate this hypothesis using a new multicountry and multiregional data set. Within countries, we find evidence for risk-sharing: episodes of high relative regional consumption growth are associated with regional real exchange rate depreciation. Across countries, however, the association is reversed: relative consumption and real exchange rates are negatively correlated. We define this reversal as a “border” effect. We find the border effect and show that it accounts for over half of the deviations from full risk-sharing. Since cross–border real exchange rates involve different currencies, it is natural to ask how much of the border effect is accounted for by movements in exchange rates. Our measures indicate that a large part of the border effect comes from nominal exchange rate fluctuations. We develop a simple open economy model that is consistent with the importance of nominal exchange rate variability in accounting for deviations from cross–country risk-sharing.
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Knotter, Ad. "Transnational Cigar-Makers: Cross-Border Labour Markets, Strikes, and Solidarity at the Time of the First International (1864–1873)." International Review of Social History 59, no. 3 (2014): 409–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020859014000443.
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AbstractSeveral authors have argued that one of the main goals of the International Working Men's Association was to control transnational labour markets. In the eyes of trade unionists, especially in Britain, uncontrolled cross-border migratory movements threatened to undermine wage standards and working conditions. Their solution was to organize internationally, both to prevent strike-breaking and wage-cutting by workers from abroad, and to support unions elsewhere to raise wage standards in their home countries. Cigar-makers operated on a cross-border labour market and were very prominent in the First International. In this article I describe the connections between the German, British, Dutch, Belgian, and American cigar-makers as migratory workers, and their actions to stimulate, support, and coordinate trade unions internationally. I argue that the international cooperation of cigar-makers was primarily motivated by a wish to regulate their cross-border labour market, not so much by an abstract ideal of international solidarity.
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Stillerman, Joel. "Transnational Activist Networks and the Emergence of Labor Internationalism in the NAFTA Countries." Social Science History 27, no. 4 (2003): 577–601. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0145553200012694.
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Recent accounts of transnational activism have examined a variety of social movement organizations (SMOs) but have paid little attention to labor transnationalism. This article utilizes and adapts this new transnational social movements scholarship to understand contemporary labor activism in the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) countries. Exploring the preexisting networks and intramovement cleavages that helped spawn labor opposition to NAFTA, it focuses on labor activists' complaints under the treaty's labor side accord. I explore how rising political opportunities associated with the treaty and its new institutions created new political arenas, targets for activists, and incentives for cross-border collaboration. The cross-border political exchanges that formed part of labor activists' strategies to utilize these new institutions helped activists create new movement frames, transnational identities, and coalitions. While these outcomes support the findings of literature on transnational SMOs, they point to the particular dilemmas labor activists faced in confronting these issues due to their vulnerability, the status of unions as formal organizations embedded in national institutional structures, and the difficulty of imagining policies and strategies that might be effective in this new transnational sphere.
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Gorodnichenko, Yuriy, and Oleksandr Talavera. "Price Setting in Online Markets: Basic Facts, International Comparisons, and Cross-Border Integration." American Economic Review 107, no. 1 (2017): 249–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.20141127.
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We document basic facts about prices in online markets in the United States and Canada, which is a rapidly growing segment of the retail sector. Relative to prices in regular stores, prices in online markets are more flexible and exhibit stronger pass-through (60–75 percent) and faster convergence (half-life less than two months) in response to movements of the nominal exchange rate. Multiple margins of adjustment are active in the process of responding to nominal exchange rate shocks. Properties of goods, sellers, and markets are systematically related to pass-through and the speed of price adjustment for international price differentials. (JEL F31, F41, L11, L81)
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Sautkin, Aleksandr. "Life and intellectual trajectory of Aurel Kolnai: crossing borders, defining himself." KANT 37, no. 4 (2020): 303–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.24923/2222-243x.2020-37.62.
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The article examines the role of cross-border movements in the development of philosophical discourse. The life and work of the Hungarian philosopher Aurel Kolnai, who spent most of his life in emigration, is analyzed. It is noted that the position of "outsidedness", taken by the philosopher, contributed to the formation of original socio-political ideas.
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Mawejje, Joseph, and Dorothy Nampewo. "Food prices, money growth and informal cross-border trade: evidence from Uganda." African Journal of Economic and Management Studies 9, no. 1 (2018): 72–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ajems-03-2017-0046.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the potential role of money supply and agricultural informal cross-border trade (ICBT) in Uganda’s food price processes. Design/methodology/approach The econometric analysis is based on two separate but complementary approaches: vector error correction modeling and Granger causality testing. Findings The results indicate that long-run domestic food prices adjust to money supply, agricultural output and exchange rate movements. However, the findings do not provide sufficient evidence to support the proposition that agricultural ICBT is an important long-run driver of food price in Uganda. The pair-wise Granger causality test results reveal a unidirectional causality from food prices to agricultural output; unidirectional causality from money supply to food prices; bidirectional causality between food prices and nominal exchange rates; unidirectional causality running from rainfall to food prices; and unidirectional causality running from agricultural ICBT to agricultural output. Social implications Understanding the underlying drivers of food inflation is critically important because food prices are critically important for food security, social stability and general household welfare. Originality/value The major innovation in this paper is attempt to model demand side determinants of food prices by focusing on the role of money and ICBT.
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Kay, Tamara. "Legal Transnationalism: The Relationship between Transnational Social Movement Building and International Law." Law & Social Inquiry 36, no. 02 (2011): 419–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-4469.2011.01237.x.
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This article examines the compelling enigma of how the introduction of a new international law, the North American Agreement on Labor Cooperation (NAALC), helped stimulate labor cooperation and collaboration in the 1990s. It offers a theory of legal transnationalism—defined as processes by which international laws and legal mechanisms facilitate social movement building at the transnational level—that explains how nascent international legal institutions and mechanisms can help develop collective interests, build social movements, and, ultimately, stimulate cross‐border collaboration and cooperation. It identifies three primary dimensions of legal transnationalism that explain how international laws stimulate and constrain movement building through: (1) formation of collective identity and interests (constitutive effects), (2) facilitation of collective action (mobilization effects), and (3) adjudication and enforcement (redress effects).
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Alcalde, Ángel. "The Transnational Consensus: Fascism and Nazism in Current Research." Contemporary European History 29, no. 2 (2020): 243–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0960777320000089.
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Transnational History emerged in the 1990s as a methodological perspective aiming to transcend the nation state as a prevalent unit of analysis. Akin to comparative history, transnational history focuses on transfers between countries and nations, cross-border exchanges and circulation of people and ideas, thus changing our understanding of modern historical phenomena and contributing to the development of global history. Today there is probably no modern historical subfield that has not heeded the new transnational insights. This review article argues that the history of fascism and national socialism have benefitted considerably from this epistemological advancement, and that this renewal has revolutionised our understanding of these ideologies, movements and regimes. Previously historians believed that fascism had emerged as a solution to the interwar crisis in different European nation states; ‘native’, ‘home-grown’ fascist movements, unique ultranationalist revolutionaries, spontaneously reacted to endogenous national problems and attempted a counterrevolution or national rebirth with different degrees of success. After the transnational turn, historians instead see fascism as a single transnational and global phenomenon that violently expanded throughout Europe and beyond by processes of transfer, mutual inspiration, hybridisation, interaction, entanglement and cross-border exchange.
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Ruiz-de-Oña Plaza, Celia. "Between divine and social justice: emerging climate-justice narratives in Latin American socio-environmental struggles." Geographica Helvetica 75, no. 4 (2020): 403–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gh-75-403-2020.
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Abstract. This exploratory study traces the emergence of climate justice claims linked to narratives of Latin American social movements for the defence of life and territory. I argue that in post-colonial settings, religious and historical injustices and socio-cultural factors act as constitutive elements of environmental and climate justice understandings which are grounded in territories immersed in neo-extractivism conflicts. Environmental and climate justice conceptualizations have overlooked the religious fact present in many Latin American socio-environmental movements. As a result, the intertwined notions of divine justice and social justice are unacknowledged. To illustrate this claim, I examine socio-environmental and climate justice claims in a cross-border region between Guatemala and Chiapas. This region has a common ethnic background but divergent historical trajectories across the border. Diverse nuances and intensities adopted by environmental and climate justice practices and narratives on both sides of the border are examined. The case study reveals the importance of religion as a force for collective action and as a channel for the promotion of place-based notions of climate justice. The text calls for the examination of the religious factor, in its multiple expressions, in the theories of climate and environmental justice.
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Stierl, Maurice. "Reimagining EUrope through the Governance of Migration." International Political Sociology 14, no. 3 (2020): 252–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ips/olaa007.
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Abstract In its own narrative, EUrope conceives of itself as a postnational and transborder project, often through tropes of movement and the transgression of borders. In light of this imaginary, recent mass migrations provoked a serious conundrum. How would the EUropean polity reconcile the dominant idea of itself with its desire to erect barriers to cross-border movements from the “Global South”? This article inquires into tensions between, first, Hungary and, second, Italy vis-à-vis the European Commission and other EU member states over the control and regulation of unauthorized migrations in 2015 and 2018. Both examples allude to divergent and conflictual ways of governing migration, often associated with different levels of governance, particularly the supranational and the national, and different values, particularly those of tolerance and intolerance vis-à-vis the “migrant other.” While the illusion of “EUropean” and “un-EUropean” ways of governing migration is meant to be kept intact, not least through a recoding of antimigrant violence, a closer look reveals the deep entanglement of forms of migration governance that has given rise to a thoroughly EUropean border regime. This article points to the need to develop a new conceptual vocabulary in order to capture the EUropeanness of the border.
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Holmes, Douglas R. "Fascism at eye level." Focaal 2019, no. 84 (2019): 62–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/fcl.2019.840105.
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Fascism in our time is emerging not as a single party or movement within a particular nation-state but rather as a dispersed phenomenon that reverberates across the continent nested within the political contradictions of the European Union. Rather than focusing on a specific group to determine whether it is or is not “fascist,” we must look at how diverse parties and movements are linked together in cross-border coalitions revealing the political ecology of contemporary fascism and the intricate division of labor that sustains it. Underwriting contemporary fascism is an “illiberal” anthropology that can colonize every expression of identity and attachment. From the motifs and metaphors of diverse folkloric traditions to the countless genres of popular culture, fascism assimilates new meanings and affective predispositions.
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VIEIRA, ANA CAROLINA ALFINITO, and SIGRID QUACK. "TRAJECTORIES OF TRANSNATIONAL MOBILIZATION FOR INDIGENOUS RIGHTS IN BRAZIL." Revista de Administração de Empresas 56, no. 4 (2016): 380–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0034-759020160403.
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ABSTRACT While research on episodes of transnational activism has advanced substantially in recent years, our knowledge about how long-term trajectories of cross-border activism affect the formation of national social movements and their capacity to influence domestic institutional change is still limited. This paper addresses this gap by analyzing transnational mobilization around the political and economic rights of indigenous groups in Brazil. We show that early pathways of transnational mobilization generated a set of ideational, organizational and institutional outcomes that enabled previously marginalized actors to shape the directions of institutional change within the country at the time of the Brazilian democratic transition. We identify three initially uncoordinated trajectories of transnational mobilization taking place in the late 1960s and 1970s and show how they converged over time through two social mechanisms - institutional cross-referencing and social networking - to form an increasingly tightly knit inter-sectoral social movement that was capable of influencing institution-building during the period of the National Constitutional Assembly (1978-1988). We conclude with a discussion of the linkages between transnational activism and national social movement formation.
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Anderson, William P., Hanna F. Maoh, and Kevin Gingerich. "Cross-border freight movements in the Great Lakes and St. Lawrence Region, with insights from passive GPS data." Canadian Geographer / Le Géographe canadien 63, no. 1 (2018): 69–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/cag.12486.
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Garnier, Philippe. "International Trade in Services: A Growing Trend among Highly Skilled Migrants with Special Reference to Asia." Asian and Pacific Migration Journal 5, no. 4 (1996): 367–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/011719689600500401.
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International trade in services gained worldwide recognition with the 1994 GATT Agreements in Marrakech. Its predominant role in international exchanges as well as its contribution to the development of a global economy is now widely acknowledged. An essential component of trade in services is cross-border movements of service providers. However, contemporary literature has focused on skilled migration in general without paying much attention to this major constituent and has resulted in confusion. On the one hand, there are international movements of skilled transients who emigrate for individual reasons in a long term perspective. On the other hand, there are skilled temporary migrants who perform services abroad without the intention or right to settle or seek employment in the host country. This study aims to clarify these differences using the example provided by the Asian Pacific region. Moreover, this study shows that the dynamics of skilled international migration is largely determined by the circulatory movement of skills of international service providers and has emerged as an essential component of economic development strategy of the countries in the region.
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Minh Huong, Le Thi. "The Role of World Oil Price in the Movements of the Asian Stock Market." International Journal of Innovation and Economic Development 6, no. 2 (2020): 7–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.18775/ijied.1849-7551-7020.2015.62.2001.
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This article contributed insight into the cross-border role of oil on Asia’s largest stock markets. The research conducted using VAR, GARCH_BEKK (1,1), and related tests such as stationarity, correlation, and causality tests in the analysis. The results obtained suggest that the time series of data ensure conditions for analysis. Asian stock prices are inversely related to oil prices in a correlation. At the same time, in considered stock markets, the Korean stock market and world oil prices appear to have a causal relationship with each other. Moreover, the tests of profitability and volatility in oil prices also indicate a link with the Korean stock market during the research period.
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Qi, Yue, Deng Di, and Tabouguia Kamgaing Christian. "Cross-cultural adaptation issues and strategies for Cameroonian students in China." Journal of African Media Studies 11, no. 3 (2019): 395–414. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/jams_00007_1.
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Migration is on the rise globally, and education is a major cause of cross-border movements. In the realm of the long-standing cultural differences among international students, the existing research by most western scholars shows the neglect of study on cultural adaptability of African students, particularly on the dual identity of being both foreigners and students. This research focuses on the cross-cultural adaptation of Cameroonian students, adopting both qualitative and quantitative research methods, emphasizing on the following three aspects: First, the current status of Cameroonian students in China, including their psychological adaptability to cross culture, academic achievement and social life. Second, the factors influencing cross-cultural adaptation of Cameroonian students in China. Third, the coping strategies for Cameroonian students’ cross-cultural conflicts. The research contributes to work on Sino-African experiences and more broadly to responses to China’s globalizing strategy.
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De Genova, Nicholas. "The Convulsive European Space of Mobilities." Political Anthropological Research on International Social Sciences 1, no. 1 (2020): 162–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/25903276-bja10003.
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Alarmist reactions to an ostensible “migrant” or “refugee crisis” in Europe have inadvertently lent an unprecedented prominence to the veritable and undeniable autonomy of (transnational, cross-border) migrant and refugee mobilities, replete with their heterogeneity of insistent, disobedient, and incorrigible practices of appropriating mobility and making claims to space. Between an asylum system predicated upon suspicion and a border regime ever increasingly dedicated to intensifying the purview of detention and deportation, on the one hand, and the increasing virulence of anti-immigrant racist populist movements, on the other, Europe—rather than a space of refuge or freedom—has become a space of rejection for most migrants and refugees. This dialectic of autonomous human mobilities and the forces arrayed to alternately govern, discipline, punish, and repel them render Europe a convulsive space, a space of convulsions.
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Clemens, Walter C. "Ethnic peace, ethnic conflict: Complexity theory on why the Baltic is not the Balkans." Communist and Post-Communist Studies 43, no. 3 (2010): 245–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.postcomstud.2010.07.003.
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As Communist rule weakened across East Central Europe and new governments emerged, the Baltic region differed from the Balkans in two ways that need to be explained. The first difference was the near absence of ethnic violence in Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania – compared to civil and cross-border war in most of the former Yugoslavia. The second contrast was the rapid consolidation of democracy and market economics in the Baltic countries compared to halting movements toward political and economic freedom in most Balkan polities.
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Genov, Tilen, Valeria Angelini, Ana Hace, et al. "Mid-distance re-sighting of a common bottlenose dolphin in the northern Adriatic Sea: insight into regional movement patterns." Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 96, no. 4 (2015): 909–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315415001241.
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Understanding animal movement patterns is not only important for providing insight into their biology, but is also relevant to conservation planning. However, in aquatic and wide-ranging species such as cetaceans, this is often difficult. The common bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) is the most common cetacean in the northern and central Adriatic Sea and has been the focus of long-term studies in some areas. All of the studied local populations show a relatively high degree of site fidelity, but their movements, ranging patterns or connectivity are not well understood. On 24 and 26 April 2014 a single adult bottlenose dolphin was observed and photographed alive off the Slovenian coast. The same individual was found dead on the shores of Goro, Italy, on 5 May 2014, about 130 km from the two sighting locations. The well-marked dorsal fin made the identification straightforward. The dolphin was found freshly dead, suggesting it had died very recently prior to being found. This indicates that the reported movement was a real one, rather than an artefact of currents. Although single cases cannot provide the basis for making population-level inferences, our observation shows that northern Adriatic bottlenose dolphins can make substantial movements in short periods of time and suggests that such movements could be more common than currently documented. Comparisons among photo-ID catalogues and stranding events can be highly informative, as they can provide useful information with implications for the cross-border conservation of mobile marine predators.
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Cseh, Fruzsina. "Folk Artisans and Dissidence in the Nomadic Generation of the 1970s and 1980s." Acta Ethnographica Hungarica 65, no. 1 (2020): 227–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/022.2020.00009.
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The dance house and folk artisans movements have developed into such a youth subculture in the cultural scope of the socialist Hungary, which the Kádárian cultural policy could support only partially, it was rather placed at the borderland between the ‘tolerated’ and ‘banned’ categories. The so-called Nomadic Generation was attached to the developing domestic dissident opposition just as well as to the cross border Hungarian intelligentsia through many threads, which seemed to be undesirable for those in power. This study outlines a general picture on the characteristics of the folklorist-movement of the 1970s and 1980s, thought to be dissident in nature, then it will show through examples of different life courses and case studies how the search for new paths materialized in folk handicrafts, and what impact this era exerted on the folk artisanship in the period after the political transition.
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Kołodziejczyk, Krzysztof. "Tourism management in national parks: Šumava and Bayerischer Wald (Bavarian Forest) in the Czech-German borderland." Journal of Mountain Science 18, no. 9 (2021): 2213–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11629-021-6853-9.
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AbstractAlong the Czech-German border there are four national parks, two Czech and two German, arranged in cross-border ‘pairs’. This article focuses on the southern ‘pair’ formed by the parks of Šumava and Bayerischer Wald (Bavarian Forest). The aim is to evaluate and compare tourism organization in their areas, taking into account selected aspects of management: the network of hiking trails with its related infrastructure, transport accessibility, a typology of tourist centers, as well as directions and destinations of tourist movements. Based on the results, it can be concluded that the availability of geographical space for tourists is much greater in the German than in the Czech national park, and the tourism infrastructure is clearly more extensive there, including the network of tourist trails. This is mainly due to the longer and fairly uninterrupted development of tourism in this area. Šumava National Park can be identified as a model in terms of how to adjust the directions of tourist movements and the layout of the tourist trail network to the needs of natural environment. On the basis of observations in both national parks, it is possible to indicate various solutions that, after appropriate adaptation, may bring benefits to other protected areas.
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Bocking, Paul. "The Trinational Coalition in Defense of Public Education and the Challenges of International Teacher Solidarity." Labor Studies Journal 45, no. 1 (2020): 114–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0160449x20901649.
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The ascendance of economic globalization, epitomized for the United States, Canada, and Mexico by the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), has been paralleled by the increasingly transnational scale of education policy. While national and regional governments remain the employers of public school teachers, the policies articulated by supranational institutions including the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) are ever more influential. Teacher internationalism has become increasingly significant for its capacity to both articulate shared analyses of the predominantly neoliberal character of global education policy and coordinate cross-border solidarity. The Trinational Coalition in Defense of Public Education emerged in the context of the end of Cold War labor politics and the signing of NAFTA in 1994. It has become an enduring network of established and dissident teachers’ unions and movements in Mexico, Canada, and the United States. This article assesses how the Trinational has confronted critical issues for labor internationalism. These include navigating national and international union tensions, facilitating grassroots cross-border radical unionist networks, horizontal power relations in North-South alliances, moving beyond rhetorical declarations to practical action, and the long-term sustainability of international solidarity.
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Rüegger, Seraina, and Heidrun Bohnet. "The Ethnicity of Refugees (ER): A new dataset for understanding flight patterns." Conflict Management and Peace Science 35, no. 1 (2015): 65–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0738894215611865.
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Introducing a new cross-national dataset on the ethnicity of refugees, covering the years 1975–2009, this study analyzes refugee flight patterns. We argue that the asylum destination of refugees is not haphazard but determined by trans-border ethnic linkages. Building on migration theories, we elaborate a theoretical framework for the direction of refugee movements, which includes spatial, temporal and cultural pull factors. The statistical results suggest that refugees flee to nearby countries with ethnic kin populations and a history of accepting other co-ethnic refugees. Thus, sub-national refugee characteristics, such as ethnicity, are essential to understanding the flight direction of refugees.
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Moss, Dana M. "Voice After Exit: Explaining Diaspora Mobilization for the Arab Spring." Social Forces 98, no. 4 (2019): 1669–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sf/soz070.
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AbstractResearch demonstrates that diaspora movements play a powerful role in contentious politics and social change in their homelands under a range of conditions. However, few have systematically explained the conditions that facilitate diaspora movements’ “voice” after “exit” across cases or over time. The article addresses this shortcoming by explaining how and to what extent diaspora movements became auxiliary forces for anti-regime rebellions during the Arab Spring. Using data that include 239 original interviews on Libyan, Syrian, and Yemeni mobilization from the US and Great Britain, the analysis finds that only some diaspora groups played a sustained, full-spectrum role in their home-country’s rebellion by broadcasting their allies’ claims, remitting resources homeward, representing the rebellion to external audiences, brokering between parties, and volunteering on the front lines. The article then demonstrates how differences in (1) the rebellion’s needs, (2) geopolitical support, (3) activist resources, and (4) access to the front lines produced variation in auxiliary activism by national group, host-country, and over time. In so doing, the article contributes to theories of transnationalism, social movements, diaspora politics, and cross-border contentious politics more generally.
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Niesen, Peter. "Introduction: Resistance, disobedience or constituent power? Emerging narratives of transnational protest." Journal of International Political Theory 15, no. 1 (2018): 2–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1755088218808065.
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Transnational social movements, campaigns and individual activists have described their activities in the traditional vocabularies of political dissent: as protest, opposition, contestation, dissidence or rebellion. Where strategies have involved illegal, well-publicised activities, the vocabularies of resistance and of civil disobedience have become an activist lingua franca. What all such descriptions have in common is that they paint a largely defensive picture of activist aims and self-understandings. In contrast, the emergence of the ‘global constitutionalist’ paradigm in international law and politics has re-introduced the category of constituent power. Transnational initiatives such as the Democracy in Europe Movement 2025 (DiEM25) have begun to frame their activities in a ‘constitutive’ and less in a ‘reactive’ language. When countering the challenges of cross-border domination, new collectives may grasp the chance for extra-institutional self-activation. The special issue aims to assess and compare the features and the various strengths and weaknesses of the respective languages of contestatory and constitutive politics.
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Leenders, Reinoud. "Collective Action and Mobilization in Dar'a: An Anatomy of the Onset of Syria's Popular Uprising." Mobilization: An International Quarterly 17, no. 4 (2012): 419–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.17813/maiq.17.4.gj8km668p18611hj.
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This article addresses how and why the popular mobilization in Syria took off in the "peripheral" Dar'a region. Accordingly, it focuses on the province's dense social networks involving clans, labor migration, cross-border movements, and crime. It argues that Dar'a's social networks were important early in Syrian protest for several reasons: (1) They served as sites where nonconforming views on Ba'ath subordination could develop and be shared. (2) They contributed to the transfer, circulation, and interpretation of information whereby the shifting opportunities emanating from events in the region were recognized and the regime's threats were framed in ways that compelled people to act. (3) They provided an important sense of solidarity and presented the background against which recruitment for mobilization took place. (4) Finally, they provided key skills and resources for mobilization to be effective. Thanks to their miscibility, Dar'a's dense social networks substituted for the role attributed to brokers in social movement theory. They effectively connected individuals of different origins and strata in an otherwise prohibitive authoritarian context.
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Grill, Andrea, Daniela Polic, Elia Guarento, and Konrad Fiedler. "Permeability of habitat edges for Ringlet butterflies (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae, Erebia Dalman 1816) in an alpine landscape." Nota Lepidopterologica 43 (February 14, 2020): 29–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/nl.43.37762.
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We tracked the movements of adult Ringlet butterflies (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae, Erebia Dalman, 1816) in high-elevation (> 1800 meters a.s.l.) grasslands in the Austrian Alps in order to test if an anthropogenic boundary (= an asphalt road) had a stronger effect on butterfly movement than natural habitat boundaries (trees, scree, or dwarf shrubs surrounding grassland sites). 373 individuals (136 females, 237 males) belonging to 11 Erebia species were observed in one flight season (July–August 2013) while approaching or crossing habitat edges. Erebia pandrose (Borkhausen, 1788) was the most abundant species with 239 observations. All species studied were reluctant to cross habitat boundaries, but permeability was further strongly affected by the border type. Additional variables influencing movement probability were species identity and the time of the day. In E. pandrose, for which we had sufficient observations to analyse this, individuals were more likely to cross a boundary in the morning and in the late afternoon than at midday. Erebia euryale (Esper, 1805) and E. nivalis Lorković & de Lesse, 1954 were more likely to leave a habitat patch than their studied congeners. The key result of our study is that the paved road had the lowest permeability among all edge types (0.1 likelihood of crossing when approaching the edge). A road cutting across a conservation area (viz. a national park) thus hinders inter-patch exchange among Ringlet butterflies in the alpine zone, even though theoretically they ought to be able to fly across.
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Machado, Helena, Rafaela Granja, and Nina Amelung. "Constructing Suspicion Through Forensic DNA Databases in the EU. The Views of the Prüm Professionals." British Journal of Criminology 60, no. 1 (2019): 141–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bjc/azz057.
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Abstract This article explores the fluid and flexible forms of constructing suspicion, which take shape in transnational governance of crime through forensic DNA databases. The empirical examples are the views of professionals engaged with the so-called Prüm system. This technological identification system was developed to enable DNA data exchange across EU Member States in the context of police and judicial cooperation to control cross-border crime and terrorism. We argue that suspicion is constructed through forms of deterritorializing and reterritorializing assumptions about criminality linked to the movements of suspect communities across the European Union. Transnational crime management is configured through narratives of global expansion of criminal mobility, technical neutrality of DNA identification and the reliance on criminal categorizations of particular national populations.
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Garrett, Geoffrey. "The Causes of Globalization." Comparative Political Studies 33, no. 6-7 (2000): 941–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/001041400003300610.
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The most important causes of globalization differ among the three major components of international market integration: trade, multinational production, and international finance. The information technology revolution has made it very difficult for governments to control cross-border capital movements, even if they have political incentives to do so. Governments can still restrict the multinationalization of production, but they have increasingly chosen to liberalize because of the macroeconomic benefits. Although the one-time Ricardian gains from freer trade are clear, whether trade is good for growth in the medium term is less certain. In the case of trade, the increasing interest of exporters in opening up domestic markets has had a powerful impact on the trend to liberalization. Cross-national variations in market integration still endure, but these are more the product of basic economic characteristics (such as country size and level of development) than political factors (such as regime type or the left-right balance of power).
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Warjiyo, Perry. "Changing Perspectives on Exchange Rates: Theory and Policy Implications." Buletin Ekonomi Moneter dan Perbankan 8, no. 3 (2007): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.21098/bemp.v8i3.138.
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This paper reviews theoretical and empirical perspectives pertaining to the nature and impacts of exchange rate movements on macroeconomic conditions, and their fundamental ramifications on macroeconomic and monetary policies. In particular, we show that, with increasing speed and scope of financial globalization and cross-border capital flows, the view on exchange rate has been changing from trade flows to financial asset views. Exchange rate movements have been exhibiting greater volatility beyond fundamentals and often deviate from equilibrium, driven by factors such as shifts in risk premia, investor preferences, as well as underlying economic and financial conditions. Policy implications from such a changing perspective on exchange rate have been pervasive. Exchange rate has not been singled out as an instrument for increasing a country’s external sector competitiveness in the modern literature of international finance. Rather, it constitutes an integral part of policy mix for coping with the impossible trinity of macroeconomic objectives in open economy, i.e. for benefiting from greater capital mobility while still maintaining stable exchange rate movements and domestic policy independence. The complete policy responses would include direct measures for stabilizing exchange rate, some forms of capital controls, and the implementation of inflation targeting framework of monetary policy.JEL Classification Numbers: E5, F3, F4Keywords: Monetary Policy, International Finance, Macroeconomic Aspects of International Trade and Finance
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Vanner, Catherine. "Toward a Definition of Transnational Girlhood." Girlhood Studies 12, no. 2 (2019): 115–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/ghs.2019.120209.
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In this article, I join a conversation about the definition and value of the term transnational girlhood. After surveying the fields of transnationalism, transnational feminism, and girlhood studies, I reflect on the representation of girls who act or are discussed as transnational figures. I critique the use of the term, analyze movements that connect girls across borders, and close by identifying four features of transnational girlhood: cross-border connections based on girls’ localized lived experiences; intersectional analysis that prioritizes the voices of girls from the Global South who, traditionally, have had fewer opportunities to speak than their Global North counterparts; recognition of girls’ agency and the structural constraints, including global structures such as colonialism, international development, and transnational capitalism, in which they operate; and a global agenda for change.
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Schneider, Jan, and Bernd Parusel. "Circular Migration between Fact and Fiction." European Journal of Migration and Law 17, no. 2-3 (2015): 184–209. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15718166-12342077.
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Political actors in the European Union and in the eu member states have arrived to maintain that managed circular migration can generate benefits both for the destination countries and for the countries of origin of the migrants. Despite the fact that Germany so far has barely engaged in fostering circular migration through distinct programmes, a not inconsiderable share of foreigners from third countries living in Germany today can be viewed as circular migrants. This paper takes an inventory of the extent and characteristics of such spontaneous back-and-forth cross border movements by providing a specific, clear-cut definition for circular migration and thus analysing stock data on third country nationals residing in Germany. Furthermore, we scrutinise the German legal framework with a view to its propensity to encourage patterns of circular migration.
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Nakibullah, Ashraf. "The Effect of Fixed Exchange Rates on Monetary Policy of the GCC Countries." Applied Economics and Finance 4, no. 2 (2016): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.11114/aef.v4i2.2053.
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The GCC member countries have maintained fixed exchange rates against the US dollar for a long time now. These countries also allow liberal cross-border capital movements. Given these arrangements, they have theoretically given up the monetary independence according to the trilemma stating that countries with fixed exchange rates cannot pursue both domestic monetary independence and free capital mobility. This paper tests trilemma for the GCC member countries excluding Saudi Arabia and the UAE due to the unavailability of the pertinent interest rates data from these countries. Using the most recent quarterly data for the period 2004 to 2015, the general finding is that these countries still have some monetary independence. Results for Qatar indicate that they can maintain a full monetary autonomy if the circumstances make them to do so.
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Hassaniyan, Allan. "Crossborder Kurdish Solidarity: An Endangered Aspect of Kurdishness." Kurdish Studies 7, no. 2 (2019): 135–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.33182/ks.v7i2.484.
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Cross-border kinship has been a particular hallmark of Kurdish identity and an important source of solidarity between Kurds of different regions within Kurdistan. However, this article argues that the values of cross-border Kurdish solidarity have been violated in the past, due to the collaboration of elements of the Kurdish movement with the Turkish, Iranian, Iraqi and Syrian states. Misconducted cross-border interaction has led to movement fragmentation, decline or/and termination, and to internecine violence between different sections of the Kurdish movement. This paper, reflecting on the interaction between the Iranian and Iraqi Kurdish movements from the 1960s to the 1990s, argues that the Iranian Kurdish movement has been disadvantaged and has faced multifaceted challenges and difficulties partially owing to this interaction.ABSTRACT IN KURMANJIHevgirtina wêdeyî sînoran: Aliyekî lawaz ê KurdayetiyêXizmîniya di navber û wêdeyî sînoran nî$aneyeke taybet a nasnameya kurdî ye ku bûye çavkaniyeke girîng a hevgirtinê di navbera kurdên ji herêmên cuda yên Kurdistanê. Ligel vê, ev gotar diyar dike ku di raboriyê de nirxên vê hevgirtina kurdan ya wêdeyî sînoran hatine pêpestkirin, bi taybetî ji ber hevkariya hindek pêkhateyên bizava neteweyî ya kurdî ligel dewletên Tirk, Îran, Iraq, û Sûriyeyê. Danûstandina wêdeyî sînoran ya xerab hatî rêvebirin bûye sebebê parçebûn, pa$ketin an/û têkçûnê, û tundûtîjiya kujende di navbera pêkhateyên cuda yên bizava kurdî de. Ev gotar berê xwe dide danûstandina di navbera bizavên kurdî yên Îranî û Iraqî yên ji 1960an heta 1990an, û diyar dike ku bizavan kurdî ya Îranî di rew$eke neguncaw de bûye û ketiye ber gelek dijwariyan ku be$ek jê ji ber vê danûstandinê bûne.ABSTRACT IN SORANISollîdarêtî kurdî le piştî sinûrekanewe: Xeter leser rehendî kurdbûnXizmayetî kurdan le herdû dîwî sinûrekanewe yekêke le xale cewherîyekanî nasnamey kurd û serçaweyekî giringî sollîdarêtîye lenêw kurdanî herême ciyawazekanî Kurdistanda. Bellam, em babete gengeşey ewe deka ke ew xizmayetîye le rabirdûda behoy hawkarîy bizûtnewe siyasîyekanî kurd legell dewlletanî Turkiya, Suriya, Êraq û Êranda pêşêl krawe. Xirap bekarhênanî peywendîyekanî herdû dîwî sinûr bote hoy pertbûn, pûkanewe yaxud kotayî hatinî peywendîyekan. Em babete tîşk dexate ser peywendîyekanî bizûtnewekanî kurdayetî le Êraq û Êran le 1960ekanewe ta 1990ekan. Bangeşey ewe dekat ke bizûtnewekanî kurd le Êran zereryan lew peywendîyane pê geyîşituwe û rûberûy allingarîy corawcor bûnetewe behoy ew peywendîyanewe.ABSTRACT IN ZAZAKIPiştgirîya kurdan a mîyansînorkîye: yew parçeyê kurdbîyayîşî binê tehluke de yoXisimîya mîyansînorkîye taybetmendîya girînge ya nasnameyê kurdan û seba piştgirîya mabênê kurdanê herêmanê Kurdîstanî yê cîya-cîyayan de çimeyêko muhîm bîyêne. Labelê na meqale de munaqeşe beno ke demo vîyarte de semedê hemkarîya tayê elementanê tevgerê kurdan bi dewletanê Tirkîya, Îran, Îraq û Sûrîye ra, erjê na piştgirîya kurdan a mîyansînorkîye ameyî îxlalkerdene. Seba ke têkilîyê mîyanê sînoran xelet îdare bîyî, tevger bî parçe-parçe, bî kêmî û/yan zî ame peynîye û bî sebebê şidetê mabênê beşanê tevgerê kurdan ê cîya-cîyayan. No nuşte têkilîyanê mabênê tevgeranê kurdan ê Îran û Îraqî yê serranê 1960an û 1990an ser o vindeno. Tede munaqeşe beno ke tevgerê kurdanê Îranî semedê nê têkilîyan ra kewto dezavantaj û raştê tewir bi tewir zorî û zehmetîyan ameyo.
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Junkui, Han. "Foreign NGOs in China in the Context of a Global Civil Society—With a Discussion of the Internationalization of Chinese NGOs." China Nonprofit Review 4, no. 1 (2012): 3–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18765149-12341235.
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Abstract Global civil society should be set up with NGOs and similar entities as organizational vectors, based on cross-border and trans-regional movements that have sprung out of the Millennium Development Goals. In this context, at the same time that foreign NGOs have made contributions to China, they have also encountered a number of obstacles. In the process of providing assistance to the government they have had to deal with the problem of a number of challenges and risks affecting sovereign states. As for Chinese NGOs, we need the help of foreign services to affect public diplomacy and improve China’s public image, however these activities are still in their early stages. Foreign Affairs is no trivial matter. Research into and the formulation of dedicated, specialized methods of administration and service of both external and internal entities urgently needs to be put on the agenda.