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1
Oleksenko, Olena. "Pedagogical Conditions of Training Future Managers of Foreign Economic Activity for Cross-Cultural Communication." International Letters of Social and Humanistic Sciences 65 (December 2015): 27–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.18052/www.scipress.com/ilshs.65.27.
Abstract:
The study reveals the pedagogical conditions of training future managers of foreign economic activity for cross-cultural communication. The analysis of the scientific research in this field has shown that the essence of the pedagogical conditions has not been generalized or systemized yet. On the base of the invariable vectors of the pedagogical process, the pedagogical conditions of training future managers of foreign economic activity for cross-cultural communication are outlined. They are: creating multicultural surrounding in the process of training managers for gaining experience in cross-cultural communication (organization); adaptive gradual management of the educational activity with due regards for personal, professional, communicative qualities of future managers of foreign economic activity (management); subject and subject interaction, directed at the optimal management of cross-cultural conflicts (communication).
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Atamanova, Inna, Sergey Bogomaz, and Tatyana Filippova. "Modern youth's value orientations and activity in a cross-cultural context." SHS Web of Conferences 68 (2019): 01005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/20196801005.
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Addressing the issue of youth's personal and professional development, taking into account their value orientations and psychological characteristics of their activity, seems to be relevant to the modern world's challenges. Cultural dimensions are believed to be the very factors that can contribute to a better understanding of the interplay between personal and environmental aspects when analysing the problem of high quality human resource development. The paper presents a cross-cultural study on cultural values characterising socio-economic and cultural settings of two countries and university students' basic values and parameters of their personal potential in the context of their activity. 307 university students from Tomsk (Russia) and 295 university students from Karaganda (Kazakhstan) participated in the study. The research tools involved a number of questionnaires aimed at exploring cultural dimensions, subjective evaluation of realisation of basic values in the urban environment and parameters of personal potential as factors of one's psychological system of activity. The study results revealed a number of statistically significant differences among the study participants. First, there was a difference in some cultural values, namely individualism, uncertainty avoidance and long-term orientation. Second, university students from Kazakhstan higher evaluated their urban environment in the context of possibility to realise their basic values. Third, the study participants from Kazakhstan showed higher scores in such parameters of their psychological system of activity as purposefulness, satisfaction with life, need for autonomy as well as the achievement and affiliation scales. Russian university students had higher scores in reflection which is a significant factor of one's self-determination. The results obtained are discussed in the context of modern youth's personal and professional development in a specific socio-economic and cultural environment.
3
Oleksenko, Olena. "Assessment Criteria of Future Managers' Preparation for Cross-Cultural Communication." International Letters of Social and Humanistic Sciences 68 (April 2016): 18–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.18052/www.scipress.com/ilshs.68.18.
Abstract:
The research is based on a set of scientific approaches, incorporating generative features of communicative and activity-oriented, dialogue, personality-oriented, culture-oriented, technological ones.The communication structure presented by the coherent aspects such as perceptive, communicating and interactive ones, along with the peculiarities of the process of cross-cultural communication (CCC) give grounds for defining the main components of the content of training future managers of foreign economic activity for CCC. They are motivating and orientating, conceptual and cognitive, communicating and activity-oriented. Within each component the basic criteria of evaluation of preparation of future managers of foreign economic activity for CCC are elaborated. Their availability is proved with the help of the definite indices.The conceptual and cognitive component is defined by the cognitive criterion according to which the efficiency and quality of mastered by students knowledge are assessed. The indices worked out within the cognitive criterion are knowledge quality (i.e. fullness and flexibility) and ways of acquiring new knowledge in CCC. On the base of the motivating and orientating component a subjective criterion is elaborated to evaluate the necessary professional and personal qualities of future specialists. It is represented by the indices of motivation for CCC preparation and reflexivity of communicating activity. Within the communicative and activity-oriented component an operational criterion is developed with the index of communicative skills and the index of skills to manage cross-cultural conflicts. On the base of the assessment criteria and indices the levels of future managers' preparation for CCC are differentiated into low, satisfactory, sufficient, high. The level characteristics are worked out and generalized in descriptions.
4
Varlamova, M. "Cross-cultural aspects of business negotiations." Galic'kij ekonomičnij visnik 72, no. 5 (2021): 103–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.33108/galicianvisnyk_tntu2021.05.103.
Abstract:
The features of conducting business negotiations with foreign partners, taking into account the influence of cultural factors are investigated in this paper. The systematization of approaches to understanding business negotiations is performed and it is determined that business negotiations are bilateral or multilateral processes of communication, as a result of which a joint decision concerning business interests realization is made. Scientific approaches to the cultures grouping by certain features, particularly, E. Hall, G. Hofstede and R. Lewis, Florence Clachon and Fred Strodbeck, D. Pinto, R. Gesteland, F. Trompenaars and C. Hampden-Turner are considered. Analysis of the manifestation of certain cultural features in relation to the representatives of the countries with which Ukraine currently has the most developed trade and economic relations is carried out. Accordingly, the probability of the need to negotiate the foreign economic activity implementation is rather high. The following countries are selected among them according to 2020 statistics: China, Poland, India, Spain, Italy, Russia, Belarus, Egypt, the Netherlands, Germany, Romania, Turkey, Hungary, USA, Belgium, Israel, Indonesia, Iraq, Moldova, Saudi Arabia, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, France and the Czech Republic. Using Hert Hofstede's approach and his theory of cultural dimensions for the listed countries, the indicators characterizing the manifestation of the distance of power, individualism, masculinity, avoidance of uncertainty, long-term orientation and indulgence are analyzed. The countries which cultures are the closest to Ukraine’s one are identified according to the above mentioned methodology, and, consequently, the construction of communications with their representatives is more understandable and is characterized by lower probability of misunderstandings due to cultural factors. For other countries the cultural features similar and different from Ukraine ones are defined. Taking into account these features, recommendations for planning and conducting business negotiations with representatives of other countries, aimed at increasing the benefits and opportunities for Ukraine in the process of making joint decisions with partners are given.
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Crespo, Nuno Fernandes. "Cross-cultural differences in the entrepreneurial activity of men and women: a fuzzy-set approach." Gender in Management: An International Journal 32, no. 4 (June 5, 2017): 281–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/gm-03-2016-0072.
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Purpose The aim of this paper is threefold: to identify the combinations of national culture dimensions that lead to high (or low) entrepreneurial activity (EA) for men and women, to understand the role of economic development as a relevant condition that combines with national culture dimensions to achieve high (or low) male or female EA and to identify the differences between the configurations that lead to those outcomes. Design/methodology/approach Using data from the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) and from the Hofstede Centre for 77 countries, this study uses a fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) to explore complex causal relations between national culture dimensions, the level of economic development (conditions) and the male and female EA (outcomes). Findings This research provides three major insights. First, it is not possible to talk about a single culture that promotes entrepreneurship, but instead in several entrepreneurial cultures. This is particularly interesting when distinguishing between genders, because there are configurations that are specific to one of the genders. Second, different levels of economic development (high/low) combine with national culture dimensions to produce different configurations that can lead to high EA. Third, differences found between the solutions for both genders are higher in the case of the configurations that lead to high EA than in the ones that lead to low EA. Practical implications These results are very important to governments and policy makers with the objective of stimulating the EA within their specific countries. When designing public policies to promote entrepreneurship, they should take into consideration the specific cultural context of the country. The cultural context of each country presents multiple dimensions; therefore, the design of public policies should not rely on single, occasional and unarticulated policies. There are countries where the cultural context only promotes EA for males or females. In those cases, the public policies should differentiate between men and women, to be equally effective. Originality/value By using a configurational approach, this study identifies several configurations of national culture dimensions and the level of economic development that lead to the same outcomes: high (or low) EA. Some of the configurations are specific to achieving only male or female EA (high or low).
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Zapukhliak, I., T. Onysenko, and V. Sabadosh. "THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE CULTURE OF WORK AND BEHAVIOR AT WORK: CROSS THE CULTURAL ASPECT." Bulletin of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. Economics, no. 217 (2021): 45–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/1728-2667.2021/217-4/4.
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The increase in the scale of economic activity in the process of expanded reproduction and development, the intensive use of factors of production lead to an exacerbation of not only socio-economic contradictions but also sharply raise the question of the need to solve the qualitative problems of economic growth. In order to form modern thinking as a prerequisite for the formation of a “road map” to ensure sustainable development, the authors revealed the nature of such a phenomenon today as the culture of labor. Which in the future allows to produce both new opportunities and new constraints and challenges in the field of social and labor development. The culture of work affects the general and individual economic behavior, for example, the propensity to entrepreneurship and willingness to delegate authority to subordinates. Trusting people are more likely to become entrepreneurs. At the same time, a high level of interpersonal trust increases their chances of being deceived, and a low level threatens to lose profits. Trusting business leaders give creative freedom to subordinates by delegating authority to them, while low-trust managers, on the other hand, try to keep power in their hands. As a result, there will be contradictions between formal, quantitative, and substantive indicators, spiritual motives and values, the inequality of the dominant parameters of the culture of labor in different sectors of the economy. That is why the study of the impact of cross-cultural aspects in management processes is becoming increasingly important. The article is devoted to the study of the system of influence of personal aspects of human development related to ethnicity, national culture, customs, traditions, etc., on behavior in a homogeneous environment. The mechanisms of formation of cross-cultural interaction of all participants of the management process are highlighted and the role of individual human characteristics in the process of economic activity is revealed. The necessity of introduction of measures of formation of successful organizational culture in the activity of subjects of managing is characterized.
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Moroz, S., V. Moroz, L. Gren’, and A. Pomaza-Ponomarenko. "MOTIVATION OF LABOUR ACTIVITY: CROSS-CULTURAL PECULIARITIES AND THEIR MANIFESTATION IN THE SYSTEM OF SOCIO-ECONOMIC RELATIONSHIPS." Financial and credit activity: problems of theory and practice 4, no. 35 (December 24, 2020): 530–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.18371/fcaptp.v4i35.222541.
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Varnavskaya, Inna. "Cultural Competence as a Factor Successful Professional Activity." Bulletin of Luhansk Taras Shevchenko National University 1, no. 1 (339) (2021): 31–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.12958/2227-2844-2021-1(339)-1-31-41.
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Article analyzes the problems of cultural competence as the main factor of successful professional activity of applicants for higher education in economic specialties, since the formation of personality culture as the most important condition for its self – organization and self-development is one of the leading tasks of modern education. A generally accepted and important characteristic of a specialist is a certain set of professional knowledge and skills, which may not coincide in the composition, structure, and severity of certain qualities in representatives of different types of activity. The article analyzes cultural competence and as a result of the study, it turns out that where emotional intelligence is powerless, a person with a well-developed emotional intelligence understands what all people have in common and what distinguishes each of us from the other. A culturally competent person, while also being a specialist in economic specialties, is able to determine which properties of a particular person are characteristic of all people, which are only for him, and which are neither universal nor unique. Therefore, he adapts quite easily to the Customs and traditions of the new environment: he gets into the habit of observing and consciously adapting to the new environment. The findings state that cultural competence is the result of a development process that requires long-term commitment. This is not a specific end product that can be achieved based on the results of a two-hour master class, it requires an active learning and practice process for a long time. It’s easier to talk about becoming culturally competent than to do it. Professionals who work with different ethnic and cultural groups and can therefore become more culturally competent by advancing through three main stages: developing awareness, acquiring knowledge, and developing and maintaining cross-cultural skills.
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Zaykova, Irina, and Irina Shilnikova. "Economic Translation: Theoretical and Practical Issues." SHS Web of Conferences 69 (2019): 00139. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/20196900139.
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The paper deals with theoretical and practical analysis of economic translation. It is considered from two points of view: as a process and a product of rendering. As a process it is a multistage complex act of cross-cultural bilingual communication that aims to produce the closest natural equivalent to the target text. It is also characterized by a high degree of equivalence of the source text. As a product economic translation is an equivalent of the source text which is not identical due to cultural and language differences. The study reveals the interdisciplinary character of economic translation that makes it difficult to define its status. It has different nominations (economic translation, commercial translation, etc.). The analysis shows that the term “economic translation” is wider. It is due to the fact that it functions in various areas of activity (business, economy, trade and etc.). This factor affects the source texts that are different in genres and styles. The practical part of the article is devoted to the most common mistakes specified by the classification of Andreea-Rosalia Oteanu: the reading of the English text and English lexical meaning. The authors present some examples, analyze and describe them.
10
Ordeñana, Xavier, Paul Vera-Gilces, Jack Zambrano-Vera, and Adriana Amaya. "Does all entrepreneurship matter? The contribution of entrepreneurial activity to economic growth." Academia Revista Latinoamericana de Administración 33, no. 1 (October 29, 2019): 25–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/arla-11-2018-0256.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper revisits the effect of entrepreneurship on economic growth. Design/methodology/approach Using a cross-country panel data set of 61 countries in the period 2002–2014, this paper empirically analyzes the differences in contribution to economic growth. Particularly, using an extension of the Cobb–Douglas production function, the authors show the role of entrepreneurship in developed and developing economies. Global entrepreneurship monitor data were used to estimate the proposed types of entrepreneurship. Findings Results indicate that economic growth can be explained by growth-oriented entrepreneurship, including developing economies. These results remain robust to a variety of specifications that include economic, social and cultural controls, and two ways of sorting countries by stage of development. Originality/value The authors split the total entrepreneurial activity (TEA) according to job expectations, in order to isolate the effect of entrepreneurial activity that is growth oriented (dynamic) and not (regular). Lastly, the empirical application presented comprises a more adequate timeframe to analyze the proposed relationship, determining possible differences for developed and developing economies.
11
Li, Shaomin, Seung Ho Park, and David Duden Selover. "The cultural dividend: a hidden source of economic growth in emerging countries." Cross Cultural & Strategic Management 24, no. 4 (October 2, 2017): 590–616. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ccsm-08-2016-0149.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to develop the theoretical linkage between culture and economic growth and empirically test the relationship by measuring culture and how it affects labor productivity. Design/methodology/approach This study uses a cross-section study of developing countries and regresses economic productivity growth on a set of control variables and cultural factors. Findings It is found that three cultural factors, economic attitudes, political attitudes, and attitudes towards the family, affect economic productivity growth. Originality/value Many economists ignore culture as a factor in economic growth, either because they discount the value of culture or because they have no simple way to quantify culture, resulting in the role of culture being under-researched. The study is the first to extensively examine the role of culture in productivity growth using large-scale data sources. The authors show that culture plays an important role in productivity gains across countries, contributing to the study of the effects of culture on economic development, and that culture can be empirically measured and linked to an activity that directly affects the economic growth – labor productivity.
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Wilson, Tony. "Global Constructions of ‘Korupsi’ in a Local Public Sphere: A Cross-Cultural Malaysian Reception Study." Media International Australia 102, no. 1 (February 2002): 113–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1329878x0210200112.
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Audience responses to television are at the heart of sense-making in the public sphere. Research on viewers' readings of economic, political and social events in news programs, invariably constructed around the activities of ‘significant’ individuals, is of particular consequence for understanding the functioning of a democracy. This paper is a cross-cultural reception study of how audiences come to interpret the program genre of television news. In a process of comprehension characterised by fusing/feuding horizons of understanding the world, viewers playfully accommodate the meaning of programs in their everyday lives. Analysis of television's reception should be tested against audience activity. Theory must be corroborated. Drawing from a significant literature discussing the phenomenology of ludic experience, the article theorises trans-cultural reception of Western (British) television by Asian (Malaysian) viewers as seriously ‘playful’. Academic assertions are assessed as illuminating audience response.
13
Chen, Chung-wen, John B. Cullen, and K. Praveen Parboteeah. "Are Manager-controlled Firms More Likely to Bribe than Shareholder-controlled Firms: A Cross-cultural Analysis." Management and Organization Review 11, no. 2 (June 2015): 343–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/mor.2015.16.
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ABSTRACTTo examine the bribing behavior of firms, we developed a cross-level moderation model using agency theory at the firm level and anomie theory at the societal level to investigate the relationship between manager control of firms and firm bribery activity. The results of this cross-cultural analysis using a sample of 1,799 firms from 38 nations showed that at the firm level, manager-controlled firms (MCFs) have a higher propensity to bribe than shareholder-controlled firms. At the country level, bribery is higher in MCFs (relative to shareholder-controlled firms) in societies with a low level of institutional collectivism, a high level of uncertainty avoidance, economic change, and income inequality. Contrary to the hypothesis, the relationship between bribery and manager control is stronger rather than weaker in societies with press freedom. Implications for future research and practices are discussed.
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Khachaturov, A. S., and T. G. Kupach. "Cross-border cooperation between Ukraine and the Republic of Moldova." Constructive geography and rational use of natural resources 2, no. 2 (2022): 43–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2786-4561.2022.2.2-8/13.
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After the start of the Russian invasion of Ukraine on February 24, 2022. Moldova accepted a significant number of Ukrainian refugees (over 100,000 people) and expressed support for Kyiv at the diplomatic level. Moldova continues to provide humanitarian support and cooperate to prevent the threat from the PMR. Ukraine's victory in the war will be an important milestone for increasing Kyiv's political role among European countries and further closer cooperation. Ukraine supports the integrity of Moldova and aims to achieve harmonious and friendly relations with it, so it can be assumed that even in the post-war period, the vector of bilateral relations will be aimed at deepening the cooperation of the border territories, both in the economic, cultural and tourist spheres. The nature of cross-border cooperation between Ukraine and the Republic of Moldova can be assessed as close and multifaceted. Within the framework of the three Euroregions, economic, environmental, cultural, and tourist activities are carried out. The cultural component of cooperation, in general, is quite widely and qualitatively presented at the expense of local diasporas and the openness of both sides for the development of local communities. It is connected with tourist activity, which at the moment is actually impossible due to hostilities, but has broad prospects in the future due to the unity of the ethno-cultural component of Bessarabia, which can be used for further joint development.
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Bayram, Tevfik, and Milka Donchin. "Determinants of health behavior inequalities: a cross-sectional study from Israel." Health Promotion International 34, no. 5 (July 16, 2018): 941–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/heapro/day054.
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Summary Health behaviors are shaped by the opportunities people have; and the choices they make according to these opportunities. Inequality in economic, cultural and social resources causes disparities in health and health behaviors. Jerusalem has a multiethnic structure, mainly made up of Jews and Arabs. Arabs and Ultra-Orthodox Jews are disadvantaged in terms of socio-economic and health indicators. The purpose of this study is to determine the factors associated with three health behaviors: physical activity (PA), fruit and vegetable consumption, and smoking. This cross-sectional study was conducted among 1682 adults from a stratified sample by age, sex and neighborhood from 2011 to 2015, in accordance with the Healthy Cities project. Univariate analyses were conducted by Chi-square test of independence; and multivariate analyses by logistic regression models. Of the total population, 12% do adequate amounts of PA; 17.6% consume adequate amounts of fruits/vegetables; and 19.4% are current smokers. Multivariate analyses indicates for both genders: ethnicity/religion and education level is associated with doing PA; ethnicity/religion, education and income level is associated with fruit/vegetable consumption; and ethnicity/religion, and age is associated with smoking. However, gender significantly modifies the effect of ethnicity/religion for all the three health behaviors. Gender disparities regarding health behaviors are higher among Arabs and Ultra-Orthodox Jews. In similar economic, cultural and social circumstances, men and women have similar health behaviors; and unequal opportunity to education and income creates a vicious gender inequality cycle. Therefore, to reduce health behavior inequalities, besides economic and cultural inequalities, social and gender inequalities should also be reduced.
16
Croce, Valeria. "With growth comes accountability: could a leisure activity turn into a driver for sustainable growth?" Journal of Tourism Futures 4, no. 3 (September 7, 2018): 218–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jtf-04-2018-0020.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to retrace the past development of the global tourism sector to identify past drivers of growth and try to understand which factors will shape the sector development in the long term. The paper also intends to initiate a discussion on critical areas the global sector needs to address if it wants to establish as a model for sustainable and inclusive growth. Design/methodology/approach This paper analyses the political, economic, socio-cultural and technological factors that influenced tourism growth. Findings The global tourism sector has experienced continuous expansion and diversification to become one of the largest and fastest-growing economic sectors in the world. With increased recognition of tourism contribution to economic growth and development, more opportunities will arise for tourism to take centre stage in the political and economic agendas worldwide. Such opportunities can be successfully realised only once the global tourism sector eventually engages to mitigate negative impacts. Research limitations/implications The paper is based on an extensive review of published literature; hence, it reflects the view major organisations dealing with tourism have on the future development of this sector. The factors included in this analysis have been prioritised based on the sector knowledge of the authors and may not be reflect other viewpoints. Practical implications Tourism could establish itself as a model that puts aspects such as the conservation, preservation and protection of the cultural and natural heritage at the heart of economic development. For global tourism to become a driver of socio-economic change, stronger guidance is needed to set priorities that would lead the sector to mitigate its negative impacts. The paper critically discusses some of those aspects that could become policy priorities for the next decades. Originality/value The main value of this piece of research is the extended, cross-disciplinary literature of the factors that conducted to the rapid and healthy growth of the tourism sector worldwide.
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Petrushenko, Yu, A. Kirilieva, A. Tuliakova, and Iu Tatarchenko. "STUDY OF CROSS-CULTURAL DIFFERENCES AS ONE OF THE FACTORS OF INFLUENCE ON DOING INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS." Vìsnik Sumsʹkogo deržavnogo unìversitetu 2021, no. 4 (2021): 116–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.21272/1817-9215.2021.4-14.
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The article determines that the modern internal and external environment of successful and long-term international activities is undergoing constant change. In order to ensure the efficiency of economic activity, it is necessary to form and apply modernized methods of doing business. A significant number of factors influencing the activities of companies on the world stage determines the interest in their study and structuring. It is proved that the key drivers of the impact of globalization on international business in hypercompetition are lowering barriers, increasing cross-border trade and investment, increasing global product production for global consumers, use of Internet and information technologies, the role of emerging economies in the world market. global quality systems and product standards. It should be noted that international business is focused on the implementation of specific measures to expand markets, services, capital, labor, search for new sources of production and financial resources, diversification of economic activities and more. Factors influencing business efficiency are investigated. The authors have identified the most important factors influencing international business and considered them in terms of three groups: domestic, microeconomic and macroeconomic factors. This is the way to structure the factors of influence will allow you to most effectively determine their positive effect and possible risks. The degree of influence of each group of factors is determined. In the framework of this research, the emphasis is on the characteristics of communicative cultural differences and their impact on international business. The problem of intercultural interaction has become one of the key areas of research on the effectiveness of international relations. The role of intercultural functions in the global business network is revealed. The company's success in the foreign market depends mainly on how well established professional communication with a foreign business partner and how well he knows the details of local culture for effective and professional negotiations.
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Ruotsala, Helena. "From Crime to Cultural Heritage." Anthropological Journal of European Cultures 18, no. 1 (March 1, 2009): 30–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/ajec.2009.180103.
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This article concentrates on one particular local cross-border activity carried on after the Second World War. This was a type of smuggling called joppaus in the local dialect, a practice which was enabled by the post-war economic recession and the scarcity of goods from which Finland suffered. This form of unauthorised economy is said to have been responsible for the rapid revival of the region and its inhabitants after the destruction inflicted by the war. The standard of living in the Tornio River Valley has been better than in the north of Finland in general, and this has been explained in part by this type of smuggling. Furthermore, in the last few decades joppaus has become part of the local cultural heritage.
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Bondаrchuk, Lаrysа, and Tаmаrа Podgurskа. "INTERCULTURAL COMMUNICATION IN LANGUAGE EDUCATION AT THE MODERN ECONOMIC UNIVERSITY (ON THE EXAMPLE OF STUDYING POLISH AS A FOREIGN LANGUAGE)." Scientific Journal of Polonia University 36, no. 5 (November 26, 2019): 59–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.23856/3606.
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The article is devoted to the problems of the use of cross-cultural communication in language education in modern economic university on the example of studies of Polish as a foreign language. Special attention is paid to introduction of design of situation of professional activity in the educational process, also to research work as an element of increase of the intercultural communication on studying Polish as a foreign language. It is underlined that the lexicographic component of professional education of students-economists is an important part of educational work.
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Blyznyuk, Tetyana Pavlivna. "ASSESSING READINESS OF STAFF IN UKRAINIAN AND MONGOLIAN MULTICULTURAL COMPANIES FOR CROSS-CULTURAL INTERACTION." SCIENTIFIC BULLETIN OF POLISSIA, no. 3(15) (2018): 32–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.25140/2410-9576-2018-3(15)-32-37.
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Urgency of the research. At the present stage of the world economic development cross-cultural interaction be-comes one of the most important aspects in the company's activity. Target setting. According to the socio-psychological law on the existence of a link between positive ethnic identity and ethnic tolerance, one can state that to assess readiness of an individual to cross-cultural interaction it is necessary to as-sess his ethnic identity. Actual scientific researches and issues analysis. At present a large number of methods to assess ethnic identity have been developed: a universal scale of ethnic identity and ethical self-identification, methodology "Ethnic Identity", a scale of express assessment of feelings, methodology for assessing positive aspects and uncertainty of ethnic identity, etc. Uninvestigated parts of general matters defining. Emic approach is the basic conceptual approach on which methods of assessing ethnic identity are based, and there is no etic approach. However, the combination of these two approaches is the basis for cross-cultural research. The research objective. The aim of the research is to assess readiness of the Ukrainian and Mongolian multinational companies’ staff for cross-cultural interaction on the basis of a comprehensive methodological approach for assessing ethnic identity and identifying behavioral strategies of staff in the process of cross-cultural interaction. The statement of basic materials. The staff in Ukrainian companies are characterized by the following types of behav-ioral strategy: 90% active "intermediaries", 10% passive "intermediaries". The staff of the Mongolian companies have the following behavioral strategies: 55% of active intermediar-ies, 5% of passive "intermediaries", 25% of active "national-ists", 5% of "Neurotic ethnophobes", and 10% of employees are inclined to the behavior of passive "intermediaries". Conclusions. The staff in Ukrainian multinational compa-nies in comparison with the staff of Mongolian companies have a more positive ethnic identity and are more ready for cross-cultural interaction.
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Nikolaeva, Elena V., Vladimir V. Zotov, and Aleksey Ye Popel. "Project activities in the ESP course in the context of students’ socio-professional self-determination at a non-linguistic university." Vestnik of Kostroma State University. Series: Pedagogy. Psychology. Sociokinetics 27, no. 4 (April 20, 2022): 284–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.34216/2073-1426-2021-27-4-284-291.
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The cardinal change of the technological and socio-economic paradigm all around the world makes investigations related to the problems of professional self-determination of the younger generation extremely topical. In the conditions of economic and cultural globalisation, an important component of the professional competence of university graduates is the ability to realise their professional skills and present developed projects in the English-language media space. The article reveals methodological possibilities of the project activity in the ESP course as a pedagogic support for the socio-professional self-determination of students in a non-linguistic university. It determines principles and methods of using specialised Internet resources for developing educational projects in English that contribute to students’ professional self-determination and their social adaptation in the international professional community. The authors suggest a typological classification of practice-oriented projects that can be implemented in the ESP course – informational (abstract-review), analytical (historical, socio-cultural, cross-cultural and other research projects) and creative (creation of an original content – design, models, technological solutions, etc.). It is concluded that the project activity in the ESP course, the results of which can be included in the professional portfolio, is a significant element of socio-professional self-determination of students of a non-linguistic university.
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Khotimah, Nurul. "FAKTOR PEMBEDA DALAM KOMUNIKASI LINTAS BUDAYA ANTARA WISATAWAN ASING DENGAN MASYARAKAT LOKAL DI DESA WISATA KANDRI GUNUNGPATI KOTA SEMARANG." An-Nida : Jurnal Komunikasi Islam 11, no. 1 (August 14, 2019): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.34001/an.v11i1.932.
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Cultural diversity is a necessity in the human community in the world. Cultures have different value systems, so they determine different life goals, and determine ways of communicating that are strongly influenced by language, rules and norms in each culture. So that every communication activity with other people always contains the potential for cross-cultural or intercultural communication, because it will always be in a "culture" that is different from other people. This study aims to find out how cultural differences between foreign tourists and local communities are examined based on the study of cross-cultural communication, so that they can be understood together and avoid culture shock. This research was conducted in the tourist village of Kandri, Gunungpati sub-district, Semarang city with the object of research of foreign tourists who came in the tourist village. The research method used is a qualitative field reserach. Data collection techniques in this study were interviews and observations. The results of the study show that the distinguishing factors in communication can be seen from the verbal and nonverbal language systems, economic systems, educational systems, cultures (values and norms), and religious systems.
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Hrynokh, N. V., V. I. Dmytruk, L. A. Diachenko, and A. O. Kniazevych. "Social and economic aspects of cross-border cooperation of Ukraine and Poland in the field of tourism." Journal of Geology, Geography and Geoecology 28, no. 3 (October 5, 2019): 432–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/111940.
Abstract:
The research is devoted to the disclosure of socio-economic aspects of cross- border cooperation in the field of tourism of Ukraine and Poland, which is important in today’s conditions of development of globalization processes and transformation of social relations. Such relationships are formed between people in different geographic areas, which determine their social mood and social behaviour. The signing of the visa-free travel agreement between Ukraine and the EU on 17 May 2017 and its entry into force on 11 June 2017 has become an important factor in the development of tourism in Ukraine and Poland, in particular within the border areas and in the context of cross-border cooperation of the Carpathian Euroregion. Tourists from Ukraine have better opportunities than before to travel to many European countries, and tourist migration contributes to the integration of peoples, building good-neighbourly relations and tolerance, economic, cultural, scientific and other forms of cooperation. That is why it is necessary to study the socio-economic aspects of the development of tourism in Ukraine and Poland at the level of the Carpathian Euroregion. The attention of the authors of this article is devoted to the study of the historical and cultural heritage of the four regions of Ukraine and the counties of Poland included in the Carpathian Euroregion as one of the important factors influencing the development of tourism. The article analyzes a number of key indicators of the activity of the subjects of the tourist market and the trends in their changes, as well as the geographical structure of tourist flows and the administrative and territorial division of the regions of the Ukrainian-Polish transboundary. Positive trends in the growth of a number of key indicators of tourism activity in Lviv region give reason to assert the high level of activity of tourism services market participants and that Lviv region has good preconditions for the development of many types of tourism , which can increase the flow of revenue to local budgets. Statistical materials of the Main Department of Statistics in Lviv Oblast have also made it possible to analyze the indicators for those areas that are part of the Carpathian Euroregion and characterize the specifics of the development of the tourism sector. It is proposed to form an updated marketing strategy for tourism management in Ukraine in the context of the changing conditions that have taken place in the tourist services market after the entry into force of the visa-free travel agreement between Ukraine and the EU, which will positively influence the development of tourism in Ukraine and Poland at the level of the Carpathian Euroregion.
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Oltean, Flavia Dana, and Manuela Rozalia Gabor. "Cross-Cultural Analysis of the Consumer Profile of Hunting Tourism and Trophy Hunting from Tradition to Protected Areas: Study Case on Romania and Spain." Land 10, no. 11 (November 10, 2021): 1218. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land10111218.
Abstract:
Hunting has major importance from many perspectives: As a product of leisure and recreation, as a tool for conservation and wildlife management, as the main economic activity in rural areas, or as a cultural heritage and traditional activity for countries around the world, especially for countries in Europe and Africa. Therefore, this research fills a gap in the literature and offers a cross-cultural opinion and perceptions of 198 hunters from Romania and Spain. The aim of the paper is to analyze the perceptions and opinions of hunters regarding hunting tourism through an online self-administrated questionnaire by convenience sampling using hunters associations from these countries. Among the values that identify hunting as an activity, hunters highlight the human values (friendship, company, ethics), ecological values (love of nature associated with hunting as a tool to understand and enjoy the natural environment), and social values (resources generated, hobby, effort). The respondents can self-criticize some components and aspects of hunting groups. Hunters believe that the future of this sector is moving towards commercial hunting, associated with purchasing power to ensure results. Regardless of the nationality of the hunters, their values related to this sector are similar.
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Lehtsalu, Liise, Sarah Moran, and Silvia Evangelisti. "Introduction: Perspectives on Women’s Religious Activities in Early Modern Europe and the Americas." Journal of Early Modern History 22, no. 1-2 (March 28, 2018): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15700658-17-00009.
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Abstract Proposing activity as a useful category of analysis, this special issue considers Catholic and Protestant women in Europe and the Americas in the sixteenth to the eighteenth centuries. We examine women in religious communities, which include both monastic communities as well as confessional communities. A close analysis of the social, economic, and cultural actions of these women religious challenges historiographical assumptions about monastic cloister and domestic space in the early modern period. In fact, we revisit monastic and domestic spaces to reveal them as stages for previously unexamined activity. This cross-denominational and transnational special issue highlights new spheres of women’s religious activity and raises new questions for the study of early modern women’s lives and their capacity to act in early modern society, economy, and culture.
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Levkulych, Vasyl, Lesya Chervona, Mykola Iehupov, and Oleksandr Mozolev. "Communicative resources of socio-economic development and pedagogical activity in the context of globalization challenges." SHS Web of Conferences 141 (2022): 03012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/202214103012.
Abstract:
From the point of view of the theory of social systems, culture is rather a wide field of possibilities that are revealed in human communication. This is our main initial methodological position, which in the future we recommend for use in socio-economic and humanitarian studies not so much in the regime of a rigid method that formats research, but as a cross-cutting value and ideological setting. Communication, as a message, can always give a different meaning to a report, but this is immediately apparent in social relationships. What does not work in such cases is the principle of communication, namely the difference between information and a message, which gives the message itself the character of an event that requires a reaction. It is at the level of intimate social relations, where the fundamental dependence of the realization of social freedom in the external social instance is manifested – even if it is a loved person. While multifunctional itself, morality can limit the scope of a functional specification. In this case, social interpenetration cannot be distinguished without taking into account interhuman relations. In addition, morality imposes its own limitations on the sphere of intimate relationships. After all, it is also impossible to deepen between people if it is associated with public morality. The model of a unified and standardized world (single and uniform) is being replaced by new concepts of globalization, containing the idea of preserving cultural diversity in people’s lives.
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Mukhametov, R. S. "Factors of International Activity of Russian Cities: The Results of the Empirical Analysis." MGIMO Review of International Relations 13, no. 6 (December 31, 2020): 153–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.24833/2071-8160-2020-6-75-153-174.
Abstract:
The international activities of governments at the subnational level have become widespread practice. Cooperation between local authorities, which began in Europe with the aim of promoting peace, international understanding, and reconciliation between peoples in the post-war period, has spread throughout the world over time. International cityto- city partnerships, also known as sister cities, have become an instrument for promoting economic development. The movement of sister cities is considered not only as a form of cross-border intermunicipal cooperation, but also as one of the aspects of paradiplomacy. One of the consequences of regionalization that swept post-Soviet Russia in the 1990s was the growth of foreign economic activity, international contacts of both Russian regions and cities. This is reflected in the signing of intermunicipal agreements. This research is aimed at determining the factors on which the international activity of Russian cities depends. The theoretical and methodological basis of the work was the concept of paradiplomacy in general and city diplomacy in particular. The author put forward several hypotheses in the framework of the approaches to high international activity of cities existing in the scientific literature. The database was a list of sister cities, including 150 Russian municipalities compiled by the International Association of Related Cities. Statistical calculations were performed by multiple linear regression. As a result of the study, it was found that a large number of sister cities are observed in Russian cities, which can be attributed to megacities and large cities. It was revealed that a high level of international activity of Russian cities is characteristic of municipalities located in border regions. It is shown that economic characteristics directly affect the number of contracts. The author came to the conclusion that the status of the administrative center of Russian regions positively affects on the number of sister cities. The article emphasizes the influence of the historical heritage of territories on the development of inter-municipal cultural cooperation. In conclusion, it is noted that the influence of demographic, geographical, economic, political, legal, and cultural-historical features of municipalities on the number of sister cities does not explain all cases. The author believes that the political factor has a certain explanatory power.
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Kharlamova, A., and A. Stavytskyy. "The Gender Issue in Entrepreneurship Activity: the Current Perception of Entrepreneurs." Bulletin of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. Economics, no. 210 (2020): 42–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/1728-2667.2020/210-3/6.
Abstract:
Today, the issue of gender and equal opportunities for women and men is raised more and more often. That is despite the fact that in developed countries there are very massive feminization trends. Нowever, the development of new technologies, the transition to online life brings gender issues to the fore in the context of new geoeconomic challenges, such as the development of creative industries, digitalization, rising unemployment, growing social and economic inequality. Looking to the future is impossible without understanding the impact of the past. This paper examines three countries, principle economic partners of Ukraine, which had a socialist past, although formed in different socio-cultural vectors, and those that show different rates of development and use different economic models. The working hypothesisis as follows: whether gender entrepreneurship differs in these countries. The database is taken from the Global Entrepreneurship Monitoring (GEM) and investigated using statistical and econometric methods. The results showed that with the maximum similarity of perceptions of entrepreneurs in analyzed countries, the gender difference still exists in the direction of greater entrepreneurial activity of women in the country, which shows higher economic performance today. It should be noted that the main problem and limitation of this study is the source of data, which is based on monitoring, which does not cover all countries of the world, so in particular it does not contain data on Ukraine. In addition, from the point of view of the input data collected by GEM, we have almost equal proportions of surveyed men and women, both in general and those engaged in entrepreneurial activities. But this is not fully representative. Because demographic composition in these countries differs. It is also worth noting that the GEM data is a survey conducted by a trusted institution in the country, which is not fully representative for cross-country comparison.
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Alepko, A. V. "Far Eastern Cultural Tourism as a Factor of Influence on Undergraduate Museum Studies." Higher Education in Russia 27, no. 7 (July 31, 2018): 130–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.31992/0869-3617-2018-27-7-130-135.
Abstract:
The article addresses the problem of undergraduate training in the field of cultural tourism, excursion activities and museology in the Far Eastern region of Russia. The author focuses on the features of the tourism sector development in Khabarovsk territory. A brief description of the archaeological collection of one of the most attractive Museums for tourists – the Khabarovsk Regional Museum of Local Lore is given. The article dwells on the content and features of the disciplines included in the curriculum of bachelors majoring in «Museology», taking into account the geographical location, socio-economic development and cross-cultural communications of the region. The author emphasizes the importance of historical and Museum studies in Russian and in regional education. The article comes to a conclusion that undergraduate training in the field of cultural tourism and excursion activities is in the coming decades quite a promising area of activity of the Khabarovsk State Institute of Culture.
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Meyer, Beata, and Anna Gardzińska. "Development of Tourism in a Cross-Border Area on the Example of the Zachodniopomorskie Voivodship and Mecklenburg-Vorpommern." Barometr Regionalny. Analizy i Prognozy 15, no. 1 (May 25, 2017): 89–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.56583/br.453.
Abstract:
Cross-border areas can be places of economic, social, cultural and tourism activity. Tourism development in such areas depends not only on the level of attractiveness of tourism assets and tourist infrastructure but, primarily, on the cooperation of many regional and local entities, expressed e.g. in the effective promotion of cross-border tourism products. The objective of the article is to identify determinants of tourism development and specify barriers to its development in the cross-border area of the Zachodniopomorskie Voivodship and Mecklenburg-Vorpommern. The desk research method was used for the purposes of this paper. An audit of the current tourist development of the researched area (based on data provided by the Polish and German Statistical Offices) was used to determine the area’s tourism potential. The significance of cooperation for the creation of cross-border tourist products was illustrated by case studies of selected projects. The Zachodniopomorskie Voivodship and the German Federal State of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern make up a cross-border area well placed for tourism development, on the account of numerous tourism assets, good tourism development and the activity and involvement of tourism entities in the implementation of common tourist initiatives. The obstacles in turn are mainly of an administrative and financial nature. The analyzed projects, realized in the researched area by Polish and German entities, indicate the key importance of cooperation in cross-border areas.
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Stepanova, Svetlana V. "Reflecting on the evolution of tourist and recreational development in the FinnishRussian borderland." Rozwój Regionalny i Polityka Regionalna, no. 45 (February 14, 2019): 87–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/rrpr.2019.45.07.
Abstract:
This article examines the development of tourism and recreation in the Finnish-Russian borderland as a new promising area of regional growth. The unique natural, historical, and cultural resources, and a favourable economic and geographical position are basic prerequisites for the development of tourism in the region. Historically, the barriers of state borders hampered the development of tourism; and tourism was seen as an activity bringing no economic benefits to regions since most Soviet citizens travelled as beneficiaries of social programs. As a result of the socioeconomic transformations in the Russian Federation, the openness of border regions under the influence of integration process taking place in the world community facilitates tourist mobility between neighbouring countries. The article describes an approach that considers the border regions of Northwest Russia as attractive destinations for tourists from neighboring countries. The author presents an approach that interprets cross-border tourist routes as an instrument for the conservation, reproduction, and promotion of natural, cultural, and historical heritage and as a means to boost business activities in border regions. The author analyses statistical and analytical data and does the content analysis of regional strategies for tourism and socioeconomic development. The article explores the practices of tourism and recreation development in a historical perspective and examines the effect of barrier and contact functions of state borders on tourism. The article identifies factors hindering tourism development and suggests measures to stimulate tourism as a regional economic activity.
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Zabelina, Ekaterina, Olga Deyneka, and Diana Tsiring. "Entrepreneurial attitudes in the structure of students’ economic minds." International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research 25, no. 8 (November 11, 2019): 1621–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijebr-04-2018-0224.
Abstract:
Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore how students’ entrepreneurial attitudes are related to their economic attitudes regarding business, investments, savings and consumption. The study presents a new research tool to analyze the characteristics of the economic mind – the economic attitudes questionnaire. Design/methodology/approach The method consists of a multiple-factorial questionnaire, a verification of reliability and internal validity (exploratory and confirmation factor analyses), a quantitative survey and a correlation analysis. Findings Two main ways of preparing students for a market economy are identified: one is connected to entrepreneurship, and the other to rational investment and financial planning. The complex nature of economic attitudes’ interaction is confirmed: by the direct relationships between entrepreneurial attitudes of students and investment activity, and between risk and satisfaction and consumer opportunities, as well as by the negative relationships between entrepreneurial attitudes and the level of mistrust to banking structures, unwillingness to make savings, unwillingness to share and financial pessimism. The economic attitudes questionnaire was developed and it showed sufficient validity and reliability on samples of student youth. Research limitations/implications The study was limited to Russian students. Originality/value Adapting the questionnaire to other cultures will allow conducting cross-cultural research of entrepreneurial attitudes, which may be relevant in the global economy.
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Terenina, Natalya. "Socio-geographic aspects of conservation of ethnocultural identity and traditional forms of natural use in Setomaa." Pskov Journal of Regional Studies 17, no. 4 (2021): 47. http://dx.doi.org/10.37490/s221979310017152-0.
Abstract:
The systems of traditional intercommunal interaction, the peculiarities of settlement and the features of the ethno-territorial economic specialization of Setos that have developed over the centuries allow highlighting the most significant factors that are important for the preservation of their cultural identity. Currently, the territorial specificity of ethnocultural unity was strongly influenced by three factors: firstly, this is the division of the traditional territory of residence of the ethnic group by state borders, and the difficulties of cross-border interaction have significantly increased during the COVID-19 pandemic, and secondly, these are trends in demographic processes — depopulation and migration outflow from rural areas, thirdly, determined by changes in the economic and technological structure of the craft traditions of the ethnos to the needs of the tourism sector. The purpose of the study is to identify, systemize and substantiate modern forms of transmission from generation to generation of the traditions of Seto trades and crafts in conditions of territorial and partly social disunity of the ethnic group. The methods of socio-economic and cultural interaction within and outside the traditional territory of settlement of this ethnic group were also studied. It is important to identify the elements of the traditional culture of Seto that have retained their relevance in the modern way of life, and along with them — meaningfully new types of economic activity of local and network Seto ethnocultural communities.
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Luna-Reyes, Luis Felipe, Douglas C. Derrick, Brent Langhals, and Jay F. Nunamaker. "Collaborative Cross-Border Security Infrastructure and Systems." International Journal of E-Politics 4, no. 2 (April 2013): 21–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jep.2013040102.
Abstract:
A long-standing problem in the US-Mexico bilateral agenda is migration. Although both countries have important agreements to promote economic exchange and trade, the events of 9/11 and other acts of terrorism have increased concerns about border security. Since the US-Mexico border is one of the most important borders in the world in terms of activity, securing it without interfering with the legitimate flow of people and goods, poses an important challenge. The purpose of this paper is to propose conceptual frameworks and models to facilitate collaboration across national borders, by discussing and considering key factors for collaborative US-Mexico Border Security Infrastructure and Systems. Border security technical solutions pose an interesting domain because there are a myriad of concerns (e.g., political, economic, social and cultural) outside the technical implementation that must be deliberated and examined. In this conceptual study, unique aspects of trust, governance, information sharing, culture, and technical infrastructure are identified as the key ingredients in a cross-border collaboration effort. A bi-national organizational network appears to be an effective institutional design to develop a better understanding of the problem, as well as required policies and technologies. This approach is consistent with experiments, research, and conclusions found in the European Union.
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HARTLEY, SANDRA ELAINE, and GILLIAN YEOWELL. "Older adults’ perceptions of adherence to community physical activity groups." Ageing and Society 35, no. 8 (June 10, 2014): 1635–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0144686x14000464.
Abstract:
ABSTRACTCommunity physical activity (PA) groups have come in to being worldwide to inspire older adults to engage in PA. However, there is limited evidence that older adults adhere to these groups, particularly those of a lower socio-economic status, with health conditions, from black and minority ethnic (BME) groups and men. This study aimed to explore experiences of attending PA groups from the viewpoint of community-living older adults, including those sub-groups of the population highlighted above. The purpose was to gain an understanding of what would influence long-term adherence to community PA groups. Eighteen participants aged 65 and above took part in three focus groups carried out in North West England. Thematic network analysis was used for theme generation and interpretation. Low-cost, universal locations are essential to enable older adults to engage regularly in PA, however, it is the social space that is created within these physical settings that is most influential in fostering their long-term adherence. Facilitating cross-cultural relationships and supporting older adults to have more control in shaping the PA environment will ensure that these settings are more conducive to the long-term adherence of diverse groups of older adults.
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BADALOV, Shahriyar. "ECONOMIC FACTORS AS ONE OF INTERCULTURAL FEATURES NEGOTIATING IN INTERNATIONAL MANAGEMENT." Annals of Spiru Haret University. Economic Series 18, no. 2 (June 29, 2018): 161–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.26458/1828.
Abstract:
Cultural varieties between negotiators are constant in international business negotiation processes. In our modern world, there is a rapid development of international connections in all kind of spheres of human activity. The major aim of this study is to analyse and develop knowledge on the characteristics of intercultural negotiation that will give opportunities to the national representatives to be determined to their particular types of cultures, as well as to endow the characteristics of different countries in some business spheres.On a regular basis, in order to manage the expectations of the other party to the negotiations, it is important to discover the values of the associated partner at the supply stage and to try to manage all the information in the negotiation process, understanding the values and context of the other party involved in the negotiation process in the right place in order to make somewhat useful expectations from the other side, which would help to escape new conflicts in various business bargaining processes.In general, is notable from everyone that culture impacts the time, the style, and the course of the negotiation process. If prevented, cross-cultural connections may weaken an organization’s position in the market, protect it from fulfilling its purposes and eventually lead to reverse of negotiation. The research paper is focused in the scientific discussion part on the impact of intercultural negotiations on the international business environment, it can ensure inspiration and guidance for entrepreneurs, as well as helping them to understand the complexity of economic factors as one of the intercultural negotiating features which is of more interest for the students who are working on cultural diversity and its impact on business. This research thoroughly connects the characteristics of various national cultures with different areas of international business and tries to show the relationship and complexity of international negotiation issues in different contexts. The article should be useful resource for experts, students and researchers who are conducting more research in this sphere.
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Aounallah-Skhiri, Hajer, Habiba Ben Romdhane, Pierre Traissac, Sabrina Eymard-Duvernay, Francis Delpeuch, Noureddine Achour, and Bernard Maire. "Nutritional status of Tunisian adolescents: associated gender, environmental and socio-economic factors." Public Health Nutrition 11, no. 12 (December 2008): 1306–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980008002693.
Abstract:
AbstractObjectiveTo assess the nutritional status of Tunisian adolescents and associated factors.DesignA cross-sectional study based on a national stratified random cluster sample.Subjects and methodsIn all, 1295 boys and 1577 girls aged 15–19 years, of whom 28·4 % had already left school. Socio-economic characteristics of the parents, anthropometric measurements, food behaviours and physical activity of the adolescents were recorded during home visits.ResultsPrevalence of underweight, overweight and obesity (WHO/National Center for Health Statistics reference) were, respectively, 8·1 %, 17·4 % and 4·1 % among boys and 1·3 %, 20·7 % and 4·4 % among girls; abdominal obesity was highly prevalent among both sexes. Prevalence of overweight differed by region (from 11·5 % to 22·2 %) and was higher in urban v. rural areas for males (21·7 % v. 10·4 %) but not for females (21·7 % v. 19·2 %). These differences were partially mediated by socio-economic and lifestyle factors for males. For females, influence of cultural factors is hypothesised. In rural areas, overweight was more prevalent among boys of higher economic level households, having a working mother or a sedentary lifestyle; for girls, prevalence increased with the level of education of the mother. In urban areas, prevalence of overweight was related to eating habits: it was higher for boys with irregular snacking habits and for girls skipping daily meals. Urban girls having left school were also more overweight.ConclusionOverweight and abdominal obesity in late adolescence have become a true public health problem in Tunisia with the combined effects of cultural tradition for girls in rural areas, and of rapid economic development for boys and girls in cities.
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Piazza, James A. "Types of Minority Discrimination and Terrorism." Conflict Management and Peace Science 29, no. 5 (November 2012): 521–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0738894212456940.
Abstract:
Qualitative research suggests that discrimination against minority groups precipitates terrorism in countries. This study adds to this body of research by determining which specific manifestations of minority discrimination—political, socioeconomic or cultural—are important and substantive predictors of terrorist activity. To do so, I conduct a series of negative binomial estimations and substantive effects simulations on a cross-national dataset of terrorist attacks and the treatment of minority groups in four specific areas: political participation and representation, economic status, religious and language rights. The results indicate that socioeconomic discrimination against minorities is the only consistently significant and highly substantive predictor of terrorism. The study concludes by discussing the implications of these findings to the scholarly literature on terrorism.
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Aldabergenov, N. "A Cross-cultural study of hardiness and well-being of students and student-athletes in Kazakhstan and Russia." Current Issues of Sports Psychology and Pedagogy 1, no. 1-2 (2021): 42–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.15826/spp.2021.1-2.3.
Abstract:
The article considers the problem of personal resources of young people, which can contribute to their adaptation to life in modern society. The main characteristics of social development are: industrial revolution, international integration, high dynamism of socio-economic and socio-cultural processes. It is proved that their future depends on the ability of young people to overcome life difficulties, to be ready to overcome external and internal difficulties. In this regard, it is extremely important to study the resilience of young people and the factors that determine them. The purpose of the study was to study the resilience of Kazakh youth depending on their involvement in sports, as well as to conduct a cross-cultural comparison of Kazakh and Russian youth in terms of resilience and well-being. Significant differences in the level of indicators of resilience among students engaged in sports compared with non-athletes students, both in the sample of Kazakhstan and Russia, were revealed. Correlation analysis showed that young people who plan their activities, know how to maintain the desired weight, exercise and positively evaluate their physical development indicators, as well as are focused on social activity and communication with people have a high level of resilience. The data obtained can be used in the development of strategies for working with the youth of Kazakhstan. Further investigation of the problem may be related to the development of trainings on the development of resilience, as well as the development of strategies for involving young people in active sports.
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T., Shedyakova, and Shapoval V. "THE MODERN FORMS OF CULTURAL DIFFERENTIATION AND THEIR ROLE IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS." Scientific Bulletin of Kherson State University. Series Economic Sciences, no. 41 (March 31, 2021): 7–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.32999/ksu2307-8030/2021-41-1.
Abstract:
The article is devoted to deepening the scientific and theoretical foundations of the study of the impact of cultural differences on the development of business relations in global conditions and substantiating the strategic priorities for the development of modern forms of international business. The article analyzes various approaches to defining the main features of economic behavior in the context of the implementation of varied forms of international business as a feature of an individual's activity, formed depending on his sociocultural norms, rules, traditions and determines the totality of various business models. The article describes the cultural features of the creation of integrated international business structures based on determining the degree of difference between the countries of the world in terms of socioeconomic and cultural indicators in the process of organizing international business. The presence of cultural differences, investigated in the article, on the main processes of international interaction made it possible to determine how intercultural factors affect various aspects of the activities of companies during their international cooperation, namely, on the formation of corporate culture, as well as on decision-making in international integrated business structures. The existence of cultural differences in the main processes of international interaction determined in the work allowed introducing of models of the functional dependence of economic behavior in the organization of various forms of international business from the influence of multicultural components. The study are based on the main approaches to measuring cultural variability in cross-cultural relations and differences in different countries of the world was also conducted, it shows which differences in national cultures are more significant than the impact of corporate culture. The theoretical principle of economic behavior’s analysis, which are formed under the influence of cultural factors, enables to describe the distance and differences in the economic activity of the state, taking into account the cultural factors that determine the values, principles and nature of the economical behavior in global markets, and to provide its effective adaptation to their exit.Keywords: international business, intercultural relations, cultural differentiation, cultural differences, business processes. Стаття присвячена поглибленню науково-теоретичних засад дослідження впливу культурних відмінностей на розвиток бізнес-відносин в глобальних умовах та обґрунтуванню стратегічних пріоритетів розвитку сучасних форм міжнародного бізнесу. В статті аналізуються різні підходи щодо визначення основних рис економічної поведінки в умовах реалізації різноманітних форм міжнародного бізнесу як особливості діяльності індивіда, яка формується залежно від соціально-культурних норм, правил, тра-дицій та обумовлює сукупність різноманітних бізнес-моделей. У роботі охарактеризовано культурологічні особливості створення інтегрованих міжнародних бізнес-структур на основі визначення ступеню розбіжності між країнами світу за соціально-економіч-ними та культурологічними показниками в процесі організації міжнародного бізнесу. Наявність культурних відмінностей, що до-сліджуються в статті, за основними процесами міжнародної взаємодії дозволила визначити, як міжкультурні фактори впливають на різні аспекти діяльності компаній під час їх міжнародної співпраці, а саме на формування корпоративної культури, а також на прийняття рішень у міжнародних інтегрованих бізнес-структурах.Ключові слова: міжнародний бізнес, міжкультурні відносини, культурна диференціація, культурні відмінності, бізнес-процеси.
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Khoirurrijal, Khoirurrijal. "PERAN PERGURUAN TINGGI DALAM MENGHADAPI MASYARAKAT EKONOMI ASEAN." Ri'ayah: Jurnal Sosial dan Keagamaan 1, no. 01 (June 2, 2016): 88. http://dx.doi.org/10.32332/riayah.v1i01.131.
Abstract:
ASEAN Economic Society forces the workers to compete for employment opportunities in ASEAN countries, especially local workers from South East Asia. The workers who have high job competition absolutely receive more benefit than others. Improving human resources is needed to face this situation, especially for University graduates, to create international graduates who have professional skills, language skills, and cross-cultural skills. To fulfill the international standard, the University must increase their lecturer quality, curriculum, and facilities. Universities are also to develop good cooperation ability with others institution and development student’s activity unit which is expected to create educated and skilled human resources. Indonesia will become the big country and capable of being “Man of the Match” or it could even be worse because of the its competition as the of joining MEA.
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Rosenberg, Ed. "Social Gerontology Theory." Europasian Journal of Medical Sciences 4 (December 27, 2022): 20–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.46405/ejms.v4i0.454.
Abstract:
This paper presents a review of social theories of aging including early theories based on role, disengagement, activity, and continuity, and more recent theories based on modernization, feminism, gerotranscendence, and interactionism. The elements, assumptions and possible biases, and strengths and weaknesses of each major theory are discussed. Since gerontology is multidisciplinary, the variety of theoretical perspectives can be viewed as a strength of this particular field. Similarly, the theories have foci representing micro and macro approaches, functional and conflict approaches, social structural and social psychological approaches, and historical and economic approaches. The possibility of Euro-centric and male-centric biases of theory should not be ignored. Cross-cultural research can further contribute to refining and strengthening the social gerontology knowledge base and its value informing a wider diversity of areas, including public health and medicine.
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Drozdowski, Grzegorz, and Paweł Dziekański. "Local Disproportions of Quality of Life and Their Influence on the Process of Green Economy Development in Polish Voivodships in 2010–2020." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 15 (July 27, 2022): 9185. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19159185.
Abstract:
Voivodships are centres of economic, social, and cultural life—they gather economic and social activities. This research aimed to evaluate the spatial differentiation of the quality of life in voivodships in Poland with the use of a synthetic measure. To achieve the research objective, the research methods used were literature analysis, statistical analysis, and synthetic measure. The Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to an Ideal Solution method was used to build synthetic measures. The choice of variables in 2010–2020 was largely conditioned by the availability of data collected in the regional system at the level of voivodships at the Local Data Bank of the Central Statistical Office. As a result of the analysis of voivodships in Poland, based on the quality of life measure, four groups were distinguished (according to the value of quartiles). In the group of the best voivodeships there were: Pomerania, Masovia, Lower Silesia, and West Pomeranian in 2010, and Masovia, Pomerania, Greater Poland, Lower Silesia, and Lesser Poland in 2020, and in the IV, the weakest group: Lodz Province, Podlasie Province, Lubusz Province, and Holy Cross in 2010, and Lodz Province, Podlasie Province, Holy Cross, and Lublin Province in 2020. The synthetic quality of life ranged from 0.37 to 0.56 in 2010 and from 0.39 to 0.64 in 2020. Regional authorities, taking care to improve economic potential, cause increasing the attractiveness of the area and attracting new entrepreneurs, create new jobs, and improve the quality of life of the inhabitants. Quality of life is shaped by economic activity and working conditions, health, education, free time and social relations, economic and physical security, and the quality of the natural environment. The results of the research conducted allow local governments to make comparisons. The conclusions drawn may allow them to identify potential directions for developing policy optimization.
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Khanin, Semen. "ESTABLISHMENT OF CREATIVE ECONOMY OF REGIONS UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF DETERMINANTS OF INTELLECTUAL AND INNOVATIVE DEVELOPMENT." Scientific bulletin of Polissia, no. 2(23) (2021): 71–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.25140/2410-9576-2021-2(23)-71-79.
Abstract:
The article examines the development of post-industrial economy in the direction of creative economy under the influence of intellectual and innovative determinants. The globalization tendencies that became the impetus for the formation of post-industrial social development and the formation of the creative economy of socio-economic systems are highlighted. Such globalization trends include: long-term active scientific and technical development, which caused the automation and computerization of production and technical processes and their management to increase the value of intellectual labor; opportunities to increase added value due to the results of intellectual work and making non-standard, creative decisions; general informatization and digitalization of economic activity; the need to constantly search for new competitive opportunities; directing efforts to find creative approaches to attract new consumers and increase demand for products and services; wide spread of market forms of economic relations and intensification of competition; directing efforts to generate new ideas and knowledge to expand the potential for economic systems; dissemination of free cross-border movement of economic resources; search for new opportunities to identify and use the latent potential of territories; stable legal regulation of interstate relations and trade operations; dissemination of technical capabilities and development of information and communication technologies. It is proved that the imperatives of formation of creative economy of regions under the influence of intellectual and innovative determinants include: globalization, scientific and technical, cultural, human-centric imperatives, digitalization of economic processes and compliance with the principles of sustainable developm
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Hrytsku, Veronika. "Conditions and resources of formation and development of tourism activity in Chernivtsi region as a cross-border region: social-geographical assessment and diagnostics." Visnyk of the Lviv University. Series Geography, no. 52 (June 27, 2018): 61–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vgg.2018.52.10169.
Abstract:
The article identifies the main conditions and resources for the formation and development of tourist activity in Chernivtsi region as a cross-border region. Due to its spatial predisposition, particular attention is paid to socio-geographical assessment and diagnosis of favourable and unfavourable factors, as well as those that determine the functional-sectoral structure and territorial organization of tourism activity. As a group of them, a socio-geographical position (cross-border provision,); settlement network, demo-reproduction situation and employment of the population; level of economic development; the potential of tourism services. In terms of population density, Chernivtsi Oblast is fourth in Ukraine and this figure is higher by 38.1 % than the average in Ukraine. The most populated are plain and foothill areas. The housing stock of the region is sufficient and corresponds to the national level – 22.1 m2/per inhabitant, better the living conditions are provided by the villagers (23.4 m2/person) than urban (20.2 m2/per person). The oblast has a considerable length and extensive network of communication paths. This contributes to the intensity of transportation, commodity exchange, the provision of the consumer market, increasing the opportunities for the transfer of tourists. However, in recent years, road construction has been at a much slower pace than in previous periods. The work of educational, medical, cultural and artistic institutions plays an important role in tourism employment. The article provides a detailed analysis of the functioning of the social infrastructure of the region. Bukovina as a cross-border region has many structural components of recreational resources; it is a region of multifaceted summer, winter, mountain-sports, mass cognitive-recreational rest. The use of statistical methods and quantitative indicators allowed to identify the features and specifics of tourism activity, to substantiate the prospects for improving the organization, structure and sustainable development. Key words: tourism activity, conditions, resources, population, employment, sustainable development, prospects.
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Bowers, J. "Sustainability, Agriculture, and Agricultural Policy." Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space 27, no. 8 (August 1995): 1231–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/a271231.
Abstract:
In this paper, the problem of achieving sustainable development in the context of the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) and other policy suggestions is examined. Sustainable development is defined as a commitment to conserve necessary biological, cultural, and aesthetic capital for future generations. This is not a costless process. Constraints are required on current economic activity, entailing sacrifices by the current generation, if sustainability requirements are to be met. Specific wildlife sites within the farmed landscape are critical to the sustainability programme. Conservation of these sites entails the continuation of specific and often technically obsolete farming practices. Their conservation cannot be ensured by the practice of efficient sustainable agriculture as advocated by the authors Pretty and Howes. Furthermore, those authors are wrong in believing that such agriculture could be profitable without continuing subsidy. The approach of the CAP is to make payments for the practices necessary to safeguard these sites. However, the economic sustainability of the CAP is doubtful. Its costs are excessive and reforms are not reducing the excessive financial burden and resource costs. Alternative reform packages involving conservation through cross-compliance have even greater resource costs. The ability to safeguard these critical sites in the long run is therefore questionable. This suggests there is a need to rethink sustainability requirements for cultural and biological diversity.
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Kim, Taeeung, So-Youn Park, and In-Hwan Oh. "Exploring the Relationship between Physical Activities and Health-Related Factors in the Health-Related Quality of Life among People with Disability in Korea." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 13 (June 26, 2022): 7839. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19137839.
Abstract:
The purpose of this study is to explore the relationship between modes (e.g., frequency and total time) of physical activity and health-related conditions of disabled people on their health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in Korea. This study is a cross-sectional research funded by the Ministry of Health and Welfare. Data was obtained from the 2017 disability survey. A total of 6549 people with disabilities (Mage = 61.92, SD = 17.36; Male = 55.98%) were analyzed in this study. The higher the frequency of physical activity for the disabled in Korea, the more positive the HRQoL (p < 0.001). Among the elderly disabled, the higher the severity of disability and educational degree, the lower the HRQoL (all p < 0.05). Disabled people who had fewer diseases and lived an independent socio-economic and cultural life had a higher HRQoL (all p < 0.001). This study revealed different dimensions of how health-related factors influence the quality of life of people with disabilities. More attention should be paid to supporting people in being independent and active, in order to help them maintain a healthy life. Especially, the barriers to physical activity faced by disabled people are multi-layered and multifaceted. Increasing the frequency of physical activity for disabled people is not only beneficial for their physical function, but also for their HRQoL. This study enables welfare promotion for disabled people through various policies and incentives. Further, this will be an opportunity to reduce the socio-economic burden on medical and health-related services related to the disabled population.
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Andrievskaya, Zhanna Viktorovna. "Russian model of globalization." KANT 42, no. 2 (March 15, 2022): 91–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.24923/2222-243x.2022-42.16.
Abstract:
The purpose of the study is to formulate a series of extremely clear and precise methodological principles that fix the Russian model of globalization, acting as an alternative to the American model of globalization. As a result, eight methodological principles of the Russian model of globalization are put forward, including (1) the principle of conservative preservation of local (local) diversity, (2) building fixed channels of intercultural interactions, (3) the formation of several unified platforms for dialogue and the development of joint activity programs, (4) the creation (development) of principles of international, interstate interaction, (5) the creation of principles of uniform socio-economic development, (6) the creation of fixed mechanisms of cross-cultural communication, (7) conservative preservation and retention in the integrity of local cultures, (8) maintaining the balance of centripetal and centrifugal forces in the global full-scale world.
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Rasmussen, Susan J. "Art as process and product: patronage and the problem of change in Tuareg blacksmith/artisan roles." Africa 65, no. 4 (October 1995): 592–610. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1161134.
Abstract:
AbstractThis article contributes to recent dialogues in anthropology and African humanities on the problematic translation and application of Western and non-Western aesthetic concepts—for example, ‘authentic’ ‘original’ and ‘touristic’—in the domain of artisan practices. It analyses, compares and contrasts art patronage among the Nigérien Tuareg in rural and urban social settings. The role of Tuareg ‘smiths’, a word variously translated in local conversation and ethnographic literature as ‘artisans’, ‘technicians’ and ‘jewellers’, suggests a need to revise cross-cultural perspectives on the ceremonial, aesthetic and commercial aspects of artisan activity. The article focuses upon changing roles, the materials craftsmen use and the beliefs surrounding blacksmiths. It argues that these complexes of action and belief have a bearing not solely upon art products but also on ritual and socio-economic processes to which producer, patron and audience contribute in different settings and contexts.
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Roomi, Muhammad Azam, José Manuel Saiz-Alvarez, and Alicia Coduras. "Measuring Sustainable Entrepreneurship and Eco-Innovation: A Methodological Proposal for the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM)." Sustainability 13, no. 7 (April 6, 2021): 4056. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13074056.
Abstract:
After the UN’s adoption of 17 Sustainable Development Goals in 2015, it became clear that the relationship between sustainability and entrepreneurship was an area for re-examination. Traditional measures of entrepreneurial success rested largely on economic indicators; observatories like the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) extended them, including cultural and social indicators. There is now a real need to measure and analyze the relationship between sustainable entrepreneurship and eco-innovation and drive positive economic activity outcomes, sustainable development, and social welfare. For GEM’s consideration, this paper proposes a reimagined tool by which to measure sustainable entrepreneurship and eco-innovation in businesses and assess their level of alignment with UN SDGs. Specifically, it presents a new measurement method, incorporating, but simplifying, a complex range of variables, which can be crystallized into a set of items (questions) to determine businesses’ commitment to entrepreneurship sustainability—social, economic, and environmental. The results can be cross-referenced with other relevant variables, and indicators proposed by the UN, to determine what causal or explanatory relationships might or might not exist. The proposal represents a valuable extension to existing data gathering tools, and will be of use to researchers and practitioners in the field of entrepreneurship—especially as its sustainability credentials and environmental impact are in the spotlight.