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Kulich, Steve J. "Applying cross-cultural values research to "the Chinese"." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Philosophische Fakultät IV, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/16426.
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Diese Dissertation sucht eine Lücke in der Forschung zur interkulturellen Kommunikation (IKK) zu schließen, bietet damit eine umfassende interdisziplinäre Darstellung und Evaluation westlicher und chinesischer Werteforschung und beschreibt die Ergebnisse von in China durchgeführten Wertestudien, die die Wertetheorie von Schwartz erproben und erweitern. Band 1 enthält (1.) einen historischen Überblick über die Werteforschung und grundlegende Kulturkonzepte in verwandten Disziplinen; (2.) eine Kriterien basierte Analyse der Werteforschung; (3.) eine Abgrenzung des Wertekonzepts und Unterscheidung von anderen verwandten psychologischen Domänen; (4.) eine Neubetrachtung des Spannungsverhältnisses zwischen Moderne und Tradition hin zu einer cluster-basierten Wertematrix; (5.) einen Beitrag zur Bedeutung von Werten vor dem Hintergrund eines beschleunigten sozialen Wandels; (6.) einen historischen Überblick über die Beschreibung von chinesischen Werten aus verschiedenen Perspektiven und ihren Bezügen zur internationalen Forschung, sowie (7.) einen Überblick der aktuellen Werteforschung aus China. Band 2 beinhaltet eine multi-methodisch angelegte Stichprobenuntersuchung, die qualitativ und explorativ Sprache und Kultur anhand von chinesischen Begrifflichkeiten, Ausdrucksweisen und Sprichwörtern untersucht. Mittels einer statistischen Analyse von indigenen Daten wird eine quasi quantitative Untersuchungsmethode konstruiert, die eine Verbindung indigenen emischen Daten mit dem allgemeinen Untersuchungsrahmen für die Abbildung von Wertrelationen nach Schwartz herzustellen vermag. Als wichtigste Ergebnisse der Untersuchung sind: (1) Das universelle Model nach Schwartz wurde mit kleineren kontextbezogenen Modifikationen anhand der chinesischen Daten bestätigt, ebenso (2.) das stetige Auftreten von zehn „dichten kulturellen Clustern“ sowohl auf der Ebene der Kultur als auch des Individuums, womit eine Erweiterung der sieben Bereiche von Schwartz. (3.) Auf der theoretischen Ebene müssen neue Cluster/ Dimensionen beachtet werden, wobei empirisch belegbar eine Teilung von „Embeddedness“ und Egalitarianismus vorgeschlagen wird und es Hinweise darauf gibt, dass es Überschneidungen von Mastery und Hierarchiewerten gibt.This dissertation addresses a gap in intercultural communication research, providing a comprehensive interdisciplinary overview and evaluation of western and Chinese values studies, as well as devising multi-method studies among Chinese to test and expand Schwartz’s values theory. Volume 1 provides a(n) (1) extensive historical review of values and core culture concepts in related disciplines, (2) an integrated check-list of value studies critiques; (3) an attempted detangling of the values concept from other related psychological domains; (4) a rethinking of tradition-modernity assessments, proposing a matrix of co-existing value clusters; (5) the particular relevance of values in rapid social change; (6) a historical summary of Chinese values descriptions with links to international research; and (7) an extensive English review of recent Chinese mainland values research. Volume 2 reports multi-method probes including qualitative language and culture explorations at the term, expression and proverb unit of analysis as well as statistical analysis of indigenous data. It presents exploratory quasi-quantitative procedures for associating indigenous emic data with the Schwartz etic framework for values relation mapping. Consistent cultural clusters, emerging matrix dimensions, and fit statistics are analyzed to propose and analyze value set sub-scales. Main findings include (1) confirmation of the universal Schwartz model in these Chinese samples with some contextual modifications; (2) consistent appearance (at both cultural and individual levels) of ten “thick cultural clusters” that enhance and expand Schwartz’s seven domains; (3) theoretical expansion that in such contexts, new clusters/dimensions need to be considered, with robust evidence to split Embeddedness and Egalitariansm and evidence of some blended Mastery and Hiearchy value sets which deserve reconsideration for how they might reflect interdependent or collective culture reinterpretations. Keys are provided for future research, varied theoretical frameworks are reconsidered, and proposals put forward for a more historically-, contextually-, theoretically- and meaning-based values study research process.
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See, Harrison W. "Encounters across dialogic cross-cultural collaborative painting." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2022. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/2593.
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With a focus on studio painting, this PhD research explores collaboration as a mode of cultural exchange and dialogue and an intervention strategy regarding the limits of solo practice. This practice-led inquiry was motivated by experiences of cultural exchange and dialogue during earlier honours research undertaken in mainland China. While living, studying and painting in Shanghai, cross-cultural encounters prompted a curiosity for unfamiliar ideas, perspectives and practices while simultaneously provoking reflections on familiar ideas, perspectives and practices. This was an insightful experience that shifted both my notions of practice and culture. To emulate these insights, this doctoral research planned to collaborate with artists of Southeast Asia; however, with the advent of COVID-19, alternative collaborative paradigms emerged to explore.
Practice-led research was the discovery-led methodology used for this inquiry, alongside studio methods including reflexivity, journaling, studio practice and collaboration. Collaboration was dialogic, predominately informed by a synthesis between Charles Green’s (2001) notion of third hand and Mikhail Bakhtin’s (1981) dialogics. Through this synthesis, dialogic collaboration embraced difference in terms of relativity, not opposition. A curiosity towards plurality was facilitated that understood divergence as a serendipitous source of creativity. Dialogic collaboration was undertaken with contemporary artists from a range of cultural backgrounds, locations and creative disciplines. In adapting to COVID-19, international collaboration utilised postage, while Perth-based artists exchanged artworks locally. As restrictions eased, face-to-face collaboration also became possible. Informed by such collaborations, the final series of paintings titled Far-Away Island was developed.
Although not all collaborations were successful creatively, each offered its own unique insights. Collaboration proved to disrupt and expand familiar ways of thinking and making in the studio. Dialogic collaboration was also an effective means of exchanging cultural perspectives and ideas within a space that embraced dissensus. Exchanges within this space meant adopting a more pluralistic understanding of storytelling elements (tropes, themes, characters, archetypes and iconographies). Further, a renegotiation of storytelling itself occurred where narratives focused on the intersubjectivity and interconnectedness between elements rather than the elements themselves. It was also through this renegotiation of storytelling that the influence of videogames was acknowledged, explored and integrated into studio painting. Ultimately, dialogic collaboration proved an appropriate means of encountering cultural differences and a valuable source of self-reflection.
The implications of the research extend beyond studio practice and into the broader discourse around cultural exchange. With the world’s increasing cultural and political tensions, there is an emerging need for more nuanced approaches to cross-cultural exchange through which art can offer unique and alternative ways of thinking and working. Ways that accept and embrace the inevitability of untranslatable and incommensurable perspectives, practices and ideas intrinsic to cross-cultural spaces. Dialogic collaboration proved to be one such approach that acknowledges the complexities of cross-cultural exchange and accepts the potential for untranslatability and incommensurability.
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Nowak, Sarah Katherine. "Toward measurement of self-efficacy for cross-cultural research." Online access for everyone, 2008. http://www.dissertations.wsu.edu/Dissertations/Summer2008/s_nowak_061908.pdf.
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Drennan, Gerard. "Aspects of translation in psychological and psychiatric cross-cultural research." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/13548.
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This study investigates the process of translating English-language questionnaires and interview formats into Black African languages. The details of translation are invariably glossed in reports and publications on the use of translated psychological and psychiatric instruments. This results in a lack of clarity on how these translated instruments are produced and what difficulties are encountered in their development and use, suggesting the need for a detailed examination of the translation process. Researchers working in South Africa were interviewed with a semi-structured format in 1989. Extracts of the data gathered in eleven interviews is presented here with a focus on two aspects of the translation process. Firstly, problems in the evaluation of translation quality and the interpretation of the successful use of a translation are identified. It appears that theoretical confusion results in the under-utilisation of the opportunity for translation quality evaluation presented by translation strategies. An additional exploration of discourses tacit in the use of translated instruments with interpreters, and a consideration of the role of power and resistance in these contexts is undertaken. Secondly, a rationale for researchers' use of different types of translators is presented. Unexamined assumptions about cultural expertise implicit in the decision-making process associated with translation are identified. Recommendations are made as to areas that require further research and clarification.
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Romani, Laurence. "Relating to the other : paradigm interplay for cross-cultural management research." Doctoral thesis, Handelshögskolan i Stockholm, Institute of International Business (IIB), 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hhs:diva-1791.
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Hewett, Angela Dawn. "Menstrual attitudes and distress : a multidimensional approach to cross-cultural research." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.569580.
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Introduction: Much of the cross-cultural literature in menstrual cycle attitude and symptom reporting has previously taken a unidimensional approach to designating individuals to cultural groups. This approach may not sufficiently describe the participants, and therefore conclusions drawn from this type of research may be flawed. Little of the previous literature has endeavoured to bring together menstruation, mood, and culture in order to examine menstruation using a biopsychosocial model. Additionally, the concept of alexithymia has been attached to anxiety and mood, however there is a paucity of research that attempts to connect alexithymia to _I]lJnstruation . •••••••• .I • Method: Two questionnaire-based studies were carried out as part of this thesis. The first study was comprised of 322 participants from the US and UK who were Protestant or Catholic. These participants completed the MAQ, MDQ, HADS, a religion questionnaire, and demographic questionnaire. The second study consisted of 191 participants, all of whom were British and were either Protestant or Catholic. These participants completed the MDQ, HADS, TAS, and a demographic questionnaire. Results: The results from Study One showed that anxiety alone was able to predict menstrual cycle symptom reporting independently of the other explanatory variables. Religiosity was negatively significantly related to the menstrual attitude Bothersome. Very few differences in menstrual cycle attitude and symptom reporting could be found between national or religious groups; however, when anxiety caseness was added as a third variable, interactions between anxiety and national cultural group and anxiety and religious cultural group showed a graphed trend for menstrual cycle symptom reporting, although this was not significant in the multivariate regression models. The results from Study Two showed that the interaction patterns between anxiety and religious cultural group were not able to be replicated in a sample of students. Additionally, the Study Two results showed that alexithymia predicts menstrual cycle symptom reporting, and that it is a significant predictor even after anxiety has been controlled for. Conclusions: Menstrual cycle symptom reporting seems to be more affected by the experience of anxiety than cultural group membership, although the importance of investigating and discussing culture from a multidimensional perspective is still valid. Alexithymia was also shown to have an effect on menstrual cycle symptom reporting, and this effect was independent of the effect of anxiety. Support is given for the Psychosomatic Model and Social Psychological Model, along with the roles of stereotyping and the use of cultural idioms of distress. xii
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Ramsay, Robert Guy. "The application of cross-cultural research in emergency service work-trauma." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/13511.
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Work-trauma, conceptually related to post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), can impact general pathology as well as traumatic reactivity. Whilst usually associated with the emergency services, work-trauma occurs in all personnel repetitively exposed, as part of their job, to actual or potential traumatic incidents (such as fatalities, serious injuries, fires, riots, harassment, shooting incidents, rape incidents etc.). The (limited) understanding of work-trauma is essentially predicated on mono-cultural (North American) data and approaches. Although a useful start, this does not accommodate underlying cultural differences. It is argued these differences fundamentally impact reliability. Two approaches are used here to begin the application of cross-cultural factors to work-trauma: 1. Using sources based on Hofstede's cultural differences in individualism/collectivism, masculinity/feminism, power distance, and uncertainty avoidance, a link is established with certain stages of the eco-systemic model of traumatic reaction (Peterson et al, 1991). 2. A detailed review of the emergency service environment including examination stressors, call-out rates, and general pressure to perform as well as broader social differences in economic conditions, working hours, quality of life and several other factors quantifies the extensive differences researchers need to acknowledge. Using unique data from three cultural settings (Japan, Hong Kong and the UK), preliminary analysis suggests nine variables consistently associate with work-trauma symptomatology: age, child-bearing status, usual alcohol consumption, change in alcohol consumption, exercise frequency, social support from a partner, social support from a close friend, contemplation of counselling, and action on counselling. When applied to a model, however, cultural variations in were large. This begins to suggest diverse cultural experiences are impacting work-trauma. Although phenomena such as resistance to counselling, the 'macho ethic' and alcohol habits within the emergency services are - as expected - culturally consistent, this is in itself inadequate for understanding work-trauma. At a theoretical level, researchers need to further explore the documented aspects of the emergency service and social environments with a view to developing instruments which measure cultural diversity. At a practical level, given the culturally consistent alcohol habits in emergency services, future researchers should consider the use of emergency service personnel as front-line diagnosticians of work-trauma. Counselling needs are assessed in this light.
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Connolly, Lena Y., M. Lang, and D. S. Wall. "Information Security Behavior: A Cross-Cultural Comparison of Irish and US Employees." Taylor & Francis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/17906.
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YesThis study explores how aspects of perceived national culture affect the information security attitudes and behavior of employees. Data was collected using 19 semi-structured interviews in Ireland and the United States of America (US). The main findings are that US employees in the observed organizations are more inclined to adopt formalized information security policies and procedures than Irish employees, and are also more likely to have higher levels of compliance and lower levels of non-compliance.
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Abiola, Zulikat Wuraola. "The relationship between national cultures and managerial cultures in the petroleum industries in Anglophone and Francophone West Africa." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.266201.
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Treese, Donn. "Cross-cultural program evaluation of Nepali architecture course through qualitative research of alumni." Muncie, Ind. : Ball State University, 2009. http://cardinalscholar.bsu.edu/785.
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Li, Xuemei. "Identity re/construction of cross-cultural graduate students." Thesis, Kingston, Ont. : [s.n.], 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1974/1130.
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Hannula, Gustaf. "Monkey see, monkey do? An intercultural exploration of the dynamics between humans and non-human primates in a professional animal research setting." Scholarly Commons, 2007. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/677.
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This thesis is an exploration of the perceptions of a group of humans in interaction with a group of non-human primates in a professional animal research setting. The study is a novel investigation in the field of intercultural relations, exploring the values and beliefs of a group of research employees, and the intercultural competence and sensitivity these employees model in their interactions with the animals they work with. A focus group was conducted at the Oregon National Primate Research Center and 8 individuals working with non-human primates were interviewed. They were asked a series of 15 open-ended questions in order to explore their identification and appreciation of cultural differences, as well as their general strategies for adapting to cultural difference in the context of an animal research setting. The results of this meeting reflect a range of perceptions, attitudes, and beliefs relative to culture and the possibility of an intercultural relationship between species.
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Costello, Susan, and not supplied. "Crossing the borders: A critical approach to cross cultural social work education." RMIT University. Education, 2008. http://adt.lib.rmit.edu.au/adt/public/adt-VIT20090501.102211.
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This PhD by project outlines research conducted in 2007 on the Thai Burma border, introducing social work education to Burmese health and community workers. In addition to experiencing physical and social upheaval, workers have little access to general education or training in relation to their work with refugees and displaced people. A request from the director of a Refugee Health Clinic to provide social work education for local workers led to my research question: How do I develop and teach a culturally relevant, cross cultural, sustainable social work curriculum for Burmese health and community workers on the Thai Burma border? The project consists of a product: three manuals of curriculum developed on the border and written for use by future visitors or locally trained workers, and an exegesis: an exploration of the research, methodology and a detailed analysis of my product in the context of the literature. The exegesis is organised around three main themes. First is the intersection of social work education and international social work, with a critique of colonialist impositions of Western social work in developing Asian countries. This section considers what constitutes relevant social work and social work education in this context. The second theme examines the researcher's attempts to suspend her assumptions and create a learning exchange through culturally sensitive social relationships that acknowledge and scrutinize power relations within the Burma border context. The final theme raises questions of critical pedagogy. Key differences in beliefs about educational purpose and approaches can be identified between Asia and the Western world. The project employed adult learning principles and explored the challenges of teaching critical thinking. Based on a participatory action research model, the curriculum design process attempted to be collaborative, inclusive and recursive. As a corollary, the project created a community of practice that continues to meet and work together towards social justice for migrants on the border, concepts that were not known to the participants prior to the training program. The project aimed to connect international social work education to social work's core missions of emancipation, human rights and activism on the Thai Burma border. The themes are transferable to other sites of social work in the Asia-Pacific region where social development precedes the practice and teaching of social work.
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Allison, Gareth M. "A cross-cultural study of motivation for consuming luxuries." Diss., Lincoln University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10182/1236.
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This research investigated three main research questions. First, can the structure and nature of motivation for the consumption of luxury products be identified? Second, are there differences between consumers from different parts of the world in their motivation for consuming luxury products? Third, can cultural values be used to predict motivation for the consumption of luxury products? Data was obtained by way of an online survey at a New Zealand University, and via a mixed-mode survey at a public University in Thailand. A total of 307 (NZ n=130; Thai n=177) usable responses were obtained. In respect of the first research question, the model of motivation for consuming luxuries developed by Vigneron and Johnson (1999) was empirically tested. This model proposed that five forms of motivation would exist; status, uniqueness, conformity, quality, and hedonic. In the present study, a four factor model of consumer motivation was uncovered, consisting of status-seeking, pleasure-seeking, uniqueness-seeking, and value-seeking. Value-seeking emerged as the most important motivation for the consumption of luxury products. Status-seeking was the least important form of motivation. This finding suggests that the conventional emphasis in the luxury products literature, on status as a motivator of luxury consumption, may be misplaced. In respect of the second research question, differences were found to exist between New Zealanders and Thais in the importance that respondents attach to the different forms of motivation for consuming luxuries (Wilks Lambda = 0.540, F= 61.167, p = <0.001). A series of univariate ANOVAs identified that Thais possess higher levels of value-seeking motivation than New Zealanders (F = 15.152, p = 0.000), and that New Zealanders possessed significantly higher levels of pleasure-seeking than Thais (F = 87.589, p = 0.000). No significant difference was found to exist between New Zealanders and Thais in respect of status-seeking and uniqueness-seeking. In order to investigate the third and final research question, it was necessary to measure the orientation of participants in the research towards a set of cultural values. The four-quadrant individualism, collectivism and vertical, horizontal typology of cultural orientation was used as the basis of cultural values in this research (Triandis, 1995). This typology suggests that there are two forms of individualism: vertical (VI) and horizontal (HI), and two forms of collectivism: vertical (VC) and horizontal (HC). This was measured on the scale developed by Singelis, Triandis, Bhawuk and Gelfand (1995). The cultural orientation of individuals was found to be more heterogenous within countries than was anticipated. Whilst, as expected, Thais primarily orientated towards VC, there were significant numbers of individuals who orientated towards HI and HC. New Zealanders were largely split between HI and HC. Correlation analysis and a series of multiple regressions were conducted in order to investigate the relationship between cultural orientation and motivation for consuming luxuries. VI and VC were found to be related to status-seeking. VI and HC were positively related to pleasure-seeking, and VC was found to be negatively related to pleasure-seeking. HI was related to uniqueness-seeking. VC and HI were found to be related to value-seeking.
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Morales, Velázquez Cesáreo. "Cross-Cultural Validation of the Will, Skill, Tool Model of Technology Integration." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2006. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc5256/.
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The teacher professional development component of the will, skill, tool model of technology integration was tested for predictive validity in the cross-cultural context of data from Texas, USA, and data from Mexico City, Mexico. Structural equation modeling (SEM) analysis, path analysis, and multiple regression analysis, were statistical procedures employed. The analyses yielded positive results for the model's validity and reliability. The resulting model was found to be a reliable tool to evaluate technology integration among elementary and middle school teachers in Texas and in Mexico City. For the purposes of this study, the teacher professional development component of the will, skill, tool model of technology integration is referred to as the will, skill, tool model of technology integration (WiSTTI). This was one of the seven alternative models tested for goodness of fit across a total of 7 data samples. The structural equation modeling approach proved to be a good technique to find the best fit model in a cross-cultural environment. Latent variables and a set of parameters to judge the validity and reliability of each model were set for testing and retesting in an iterative process. Eventually a "new" modified version of the WiSSTI model was found to fit the data for all samples studied from both countries. From a theoretical perspective, the variation of the WiSTTI model found to be the best fit to the data indicates that increased teacher willingness to integrate technology brings about increased skill, and increased skill leads to more advanced technology integration, if access to technology is available for instruction. Results derived from the model with respect to the evaluation of technology integration for teachers from Texas and Mexico City suggest a differential effect by country, with the Texas teachers (representing USA) currently more advanced in technology integration than their colleagues from Mexico. No large effect was found for educational level, with elementary school teachers and middle school teachers at approximately equivalent levels of technology integration in both countries.
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Teixeira, Valadares de Oliveira Luiza. "Expatriate Adjustment in Brazil: A Cross-Cultural Analysis." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1366842311.
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Liu, Yi-Hui. "Translation and psychometric validation of the Chinese version of the child-adolescent teasing scale." Thesis, Boston College, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/29.
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Thesis advisor: Judith A. VesseyTeasing among children is pervasive; however, it has received remarkably little attention in the empirical, theoretical, or methodological literature in Taiwan. The purposes of this study were to translate and psychometrically validate the Chinese versions of the CATS (CATS-C). The purposes for this study were accomplished in two major phases. Phase I focused on translating the CATS and evaluating the psychometric equivalency of the original English and translated CATS-C. First, the CATS was translated into Chinese and semantic equivalence was determined by three different kinds of evaluations during the translation process. Then, the semantic equivalence of the translated CATS-C was empirically tested with 25 6th grade bilingual students. The results of the paired sample t-test and the Pearson correlation indicated congruence between the two versions of the CATS on the semantic equivalence. In order to evaluate each item’s relevance in Taiwanese culture, a Content Validity Index (CVI) was calculated among the ratings of the five Taiwanese elementary school teachers. The CVI was .88 for the entire CATS and were .66 to 1.0 for the four subscales. One additional item, “personal hygiene”, was included at the suggestion of the experts. ii Phase II focused on evaluating the psychometric properties of the CATS-C. The 33-item adapted CATS-C was tested on a sample of 343 4th through 6th grade Taiwanese students to determine its psychometric properties. Construct validity was assessed through PCA with Varimax rotation. Reliability was tested through the analysis of internal consistency. The results showed that five-component solution was the most appropriate and interpretable solution for the 29-item CATS-C after deleting four items. Cronbach’s alpha was .91 for the total CATS-C scale and were .73 - .83 for the five CATS-C subscales. The 29-item CATS-C with five components is a culturally appropriate instrument which has potential for determining Taiwanese students at high risk from teasing. Further studies are recommended to test the reliability and validity of the CATS-C
Thesis (PhD) — Boston College, 2008
Submitted to: Boston College. Connell School of Nursing
Discipline: Nursing
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Figueredo, Aurelio José, Rafael Antonio Garcia, J. Michael Menke, W. Jake Jacobs, Paul Robert Gladden, JeanMarie Bianchi, Emily Anne Patch, et al. "The K-SF-42." SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/623124.
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The purpose of the present article is to propose an alternative short form for the 199-item Arizona Life History Battery (ALHB), which we are calling the K-SF-42, as it contains 42 items as compared with the 20 items of the Mini-K, the short form that has been in greatest use for the past decade. These 42 items were selected from the ALHB, unlike those of the Mini-K, making direct comparisons of the relative psychometric performance of the two alternative short forms a valid and instructive exercise. A series of secondary data analyses were performed upon a recently completed five-nation cross-cultural survey, which was originally designed to assess the role of life history strategy in the etiology of interpersonal aggression. Only data from the ALHB that were collected in all five cross-cultural replications were used for the present analyses. The single immediate objective of this secondary data analysis was producing the K-SF-42 such that it would perform optimally across all five cultures sampled, and perhaps even generalize well to other modern industrial societies not currently sampled as a result of the geographic breadth of those included in the present study. A novel method, based on the use of the Cross-Sample Geometric Mean as a criterion for item selection, was used for generating such a cross-culturally valid short form.
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LADORES, MINERVA M. "A CROSS-CULTURAL STUDY OF TWO TEACHER EDUCATION TECHNOLOGY CLASSES: UNITED STATES AND THE PHILIPPINES." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1116276758.
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Franco, William. "Cross-cultural collaboration in New Zealand : a Chicano in Kiwi land." Massey University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10179/878.
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In my exegesis, I will explore the different social, political, cultural and artistic themes, influences and methods that direct my art practice. I will dissect my current work, outlining these transformations and how they impact my work here at Massey, as well as how they will continue to inspire my art practice in the future.
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Elizondo, Gloria M. "Designing for sustainable behaviour in cross-cultural contexts : a design framework." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2011. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/9229.
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This thesis investigates the influence that cultural differences have in the designing of products and services that encourage sustainable lifestyles. This was researched through a case study of dishwashing practices in Mexico and the UK, and the development of a methodological framework for supporting designers working in cross-cultural contexts. Designers can shift user behaviour to be more responsible, and by doing this, reduce a product s impact on the use phase of its lifecycle. Nevertheless, designing products that successfully drive behaviour towards a more sustainable path can only be accomplished if they are conceived to fit the user and the specific context of interaction. In order to do so, designers must truly understand the users, and take into account the complex web of factors that lay behind individual behaviour. A comprehensive review of the literature established an understanding of human behaviour and the emergence and evolution of practices and routines. This brought to light the diverse behavioural patterns in different contexts; and was further investigated with a scoping study in two different locations (Mexico and the UK), exploring general water consuming practices in the home, specifically manual dishwashing practices. The preliminary findings shaped a study that aimed to deepen the understanding of these practices in the selected sites, involving the use of Cultural Probes and videoing people in their common kitchen environment. A robust and clear image of washing-up practices emerged with rich and detailed data presented in different media, ideal to be implemented in a design process. To this end, a series of multicultural Personas were created as the direct outcome of the Cultural Probes and the scoping study, giving way to the design studies phase of the project, carried out with industrial design students in Mexico and the UK. A design brief for sustainable washing up practices was delivered. Design experiments were used to provide interesting evidence of the influence in the design process of the designers understanding of the target user. The findings indicate that designers benefit from exploration and creativity tools tailored directly from the user-research findings in the early design process. This increases the level of empathy towards the user, particularly making it easier to design for users with different needs and contexts than the designers themselves. It also helps designers to better apply design for sustainable behaviour framework to their concept designs.
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Noureddine, Tag-Eldeen Zeinab. "Cross-cultural knowledge development : the case of collaboraitve planning in Egypt." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Urbana och regionala studier, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-103073.
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Planning has lent legitimacy to the development of society through the application of different theories and practices. With its embodied concepts and values, planning influences the direction of change that a society may achieve. Given the great role that planning plays in shaping societies over long periods of time, in situations where it is planning knowledge that is subject to travel between nations, consideration of the context specificity is particularity essential. This thesis deals with the complex process of transferring collaborative planning knowledge to a different institutional and cultural context. The research adopts a proactive approach, examining the practical and theoretical potential imbued in a new context. It is argued, in this work, that an exogenous planning model has to be re-contextualized and landed in a new context through its assimilation with that context’s history and cultural values. The research focuses on Egypt and is directed towards understanding the specificities of the Egyptian institutional context and the cultural values inherited from the history of Egyptian society. The author’s interest lies in addressing the ways in which such an understanding can contribute to the development of collaborative planning knowledge. The research strategy is designed with reference to the cross-cultural transfer of knowledge and the study utilises an action research approach through which the author plays the dual role of practitioner and action researcher. Implementing collaborative planning in the Egyptian urban context of the city of Zifta provided a valuable opportunity to understand how planning knowledge may be transferred between different cultural contexts. The intellectual foundations for the collaborative principle is scrutinised, and complemented by an examination of Egyptian social philosophy. A conceptual framework for the joint development of knowledge in cross-cultural planning research is put forward, which derives from a combination of the practical and theoretical investigations carried out.QC 20121003
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Kamali, Fatima. "The relationships between cultural values and product emotional attachment." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2020. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/204203/1/Fatima_Kamali_Thesis.pdf.
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This research aims to provide a better understanding about the relationship between a user's cultural values and the emotional attachment they develop with products through a cross-cultural study on Australian and Iranian cultures. This research undertook two studies employing a mixed method approach comprising a quantitative study in the form of a survey and a qualitative study through in-depth semi-structured interviews. The outcomes were consolidated and analysed to inform the development of a framework to assist designers to increase sustainability by improving product attachment through encompassing a user's cultural attributes in their designs.
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Li, Feng Edward Education Faculty of Arts & Social Sciences UNSW. "A cross-cultural study of Australian and Chinese university academics?? work motivation." Publisher:University of New South Wales. Education, 2009. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/42794.
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This study examined university academics?? valence for teaching and research, and the relationships between the valence and self-efficacy for teaching and research, with an Australian and a Chinese sample. In addition, the study also investigated modelling of research activity and Chinese university academics?? attributions, experience of western research activities, and ingroup and outgroup relationships between models and observers. Design and conduct of the research was guided by a theoretical framework. Several hypotheses were generated and tested, and research questions were answered. Quantitative surveys and qualitative interviews were used in this study. The quantitative analysis comprised exploratory factor analysis and multiple regression analysis, and content analysis was used for free responses in the surveys and the interview data from the sample of Chinese academics. Within the context of the research, the results suggested that valence for academic work may be related to university academics?? cultural orientation and their self-efficacy for academic work. The study also suggested that observing modelling by others may have been related to the Chinese university academics?? self-efficacy for research. Effects of modelling and the Chinese academics?? attributions for models?? success in research appeared to be moderated by ingroup and outgroup relationships between the models and observers. Moreover, overseas experience was found to be the most important external attribution for Chinese models?? success in research.
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Mueller, Santos Milena. "CSR innovation : a comparative study of India and the UK." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2012. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:fb9bece2-3c66-4afa-aa6c-541e964ebfbc.
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This thesis contributes to the field of research on corporate social responsibility (CSR) and explores the underresearched phenomenon of CSR innovation. It sheds light on this phenomenon by comparing CSR innovation in two nations with differing degrees of economic development, namely the UK and India. An interpretive, multicase study approach was chosen to compare CSR initiatives of British and Indian retailers. Data were collected through interviews, archival research, and observation. The research used sensemaking theory as a theoretical lens to examine how actors made sense of CSR innovation and communicated it to others. Data analysis was guided by a conceptual framework focussing on the triggers of sensemaking for CSR initiatives, formalisation as a key sensemaking process for CSR innovations, and the legitimation strategies employed by the case companies. The analysis shows that CSR leaders, close followers, and aspirants think differently about CSR; it also points to broader patterns of CSR innovation in the UK and India. CSR innovations were identified in both the British and Indian retail industries, contextual differences between the innovations in the two countries were observed, and the complex nature and role of these innovations were illustrated. CSR innovation was seen as involving complex constellations of continuity and newness. The British companies studied engaged in deliberate CSR leadership, actively tried to change CSR practises, and communicated these efforts externally. In contrast, the Indian companies mainly discussed CSR initiatives within the business, experimented with nonphilanthropic CSR, and tried to determine the role of CSR in the emerging Indian retail industry. The observed differences were traced back to country-specific regulatory and market environments and differences in field level conditions were highlighted. The study also examined the impact of environmental uncertainty on the management of CSR innovation and discussed strategies that the case companies use to deal with challenges related to CSR innovation.
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Gallo, Katherine Elizabeth. "Understanding children’s food-related emotions using words and emojis in the United States and Ghana." Diss., Kansas State University, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/34558.
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Doctor of PhilosophyDepartment of Human Nutrition
Delores H. Chambers
Although consumer emotions have recently become a popular research area in the sensory and consumer sciences, there remains a need for an approach designed to evaluate children’s food emotion experience. The objective of this research was to understand U.S. and Ghanaian children’s emotion responses to food, using words and emojis. In the first part of the research, focus groups were conducted to understand children’s use of emotion words and emojis in response to an array of food consumption experiences, both real and recalled. Through this study, a narrowed list of appropriate words and emojis was identified for further testing with children. This study also revealed that children readily use both emotion words and emojis to characterize their food experiences. The next phase of the research was conducted in three parts, which each included emotion assessments of children’s favorite and disliked foods, as well a common set of eight products selected to elicit a broad range of emotions. First, the emotion set identified in focus group testing was used by children in the United States to assess pictures of foods. The responses from this study were used to further narrow the list of appropriate emojis and emotion words. Second, the reduced emotion set was used by children in the U.S. to assess appearance and post-taste emotions for the products. Finally, a food image test with the reduced emotion set was conducted in Accra, Ghana with schoolchildren. Fielding in Ghana allowed for an exploration of the considerations sensory researchers must make when conducting cross-cultural research with children. Emotion word and emoji usage was similar between U.S. and Ghanaian participants, although some differences were observed. The U.S. studies were compared, revealing the influence of stimulus type on children’s reported emotions. Results from the actual food experiences (appearance, taste) were more positive compared to the evaluation of images. Finally, among Ghanaian and U.S. children, high frequencies of selection for positive emotion words and emojis aligned with a favorite food experience. Overall, this research introduces a new approach to consumer emotion research with children for use both domestically and abroad.
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Nord, Teresa. "CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY IN THE HOTEL INDUSTRY : A CROSS CULTURAL PERSPECTIVE." Thesis, Stockholm University, Interdisciplinary Environmental Research (CTM), 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-7190.
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Debatten om affärsetik och företagets sociala ansvar i globala sammanhang med olika naturliga, ekonomiska och kulturella förutsättningar har fått en mer framträdande roll i och med globalisering. Syftet med denna studie är att fastställa hur kulturella och lokala förutsättningar påverkar arbetet inom Corporate Social Responsibility genom att undersöka och jämföra CSR arbetet på hotell i kulturellt och geografiskt olikartade länder. Data för indikatorer för avfallsproduktion, vattenförbrukning, energianvändning, jämlika anställningsmöjligheter, yrkesutbildning och facklig organisering samlades in från hotell i Sverige, Norge, Danmark, Island, Storbritannien, Kina, Saudiarabien, Oman, Egypten och Förenade Arabemiraten och jämfördes mot benchmarks.
Data från hotellen i de olika länderna jämfördes mot Hofstedes analys av kulturer för att undersöka eventuella samband mellan kulturella aspekter och CSR-arbete. Resultaten visar att det finns en omvänd korrelation mellan Maktdistans och facklig organisering, och även mellan Maskulinitet och andel kvinnor i tjänstemannapositioner. Dessa samband är framförallt tydliga på hotell i Skandinavien och Mellanöstern. Resultaten visar även att politiska system och nivå av ekonomisk utveckling kan påverka nivån på CSR-arbetet. Skandinaviska hotell låg närmare benchmarknivåer med avseende på alla indikatorer jämfört med hotellen i Mellanöstern, vilket bekräftar slutsatser från tidigare studier som visat att utveckling och socialdemokratisk dominans har positiv påverkan på CSR-aspekter. Vidare visar resultaten att äganderättigheter, lokala traditioner och samhällsförväntningar kan påverka CSR arbetet.
Slutligen visar resultaten, samt bristen på resultat, vikten för hotell att använda sig av ett gemensamt mätningssystem och konsekventa enheter, och av att ha ett centralt rapporteringssystem för miljö- och arbetsfrågor. Utan ett system för att utvärdera och jämföra nivån på CSR-arbetet på olika hotell är det omöjligt att fastställa den relativa effektiviteten av olika satsningar på miljö och arbetsfrågor och därmed svårare att uppnå effektivitet och framgång inom CSR-arbetet.
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Magraw-Mickelson, Zoe [Verfasser], and Mario [Akademischer Betreuer] Gollwitzer. "Theoretical and methodological challenges in cross-cultural social psychology research / Zoe Magraw-Mickelson ; Betreuer: Mario Gollwitzer." München : Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1191692116/34.
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Whitehurst, N. (Nicholas). "When ideas cross frontiers:an exploration of the cultural relevance of United States based self-efficacy research." Master's thesis, University of Oulu, 2017. http://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:oulu-201712013251.
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The benefits of high self-efficacy beliefs for student learning is something that is widely acknowledged and supported within educational circles. High self-efficacy beliefs are known to help students set challenging goals, maintain commitment to their goals and persevere in the face of adversity. Hence, having high self-efficacy beliefs is often seen as the preferred state of being for students, resulting in copious amounts of research into how educators can help foster high self-efficacy beliefs.
Consequently, research by social psychologists such as Geert Hofstede and Gabriele Oettingen has addressed how cultural dimensions can impact personal self-efficacy beliefs, with Oettingen noting the benefit of certain cultural dimensions over those of others in regards to promoting self-efficacy. However, seemingly little attention has been paid to how the ways in which educators raise self-efficacy beliefs can impact cultures themselves.
A critical review of Frank Pajares’ work on ways to raise self-efficacy beliefs was conducted to highlight the cultural dimensions being promoted via the self-efficacy model, before the work of Vanessa Andreotti and Lynn Souza was used to demonstrate how, in raising self-efficacy as suggested by Pajares, cultures can be undermined or harmed.
Research was conducted to establish how culturally sensitive post 2010 self-efficacy focussed pedagogical research papers from the United States were towards ethnicity and gender. A secondary focus was also made to attempt to determine whether the analysed research demonstrated an awareness of self-efficacy’s ability to impact cultures via the use of the qualitative data. Data was collected through the use of a rating template and qualitative summaries for each paper.
Results showed that, although recent research papers demonstrated a moderate awareness of the impacts of ethnicity and gender on their research, no papers explicitly addressed how implementing self-efficacy can impact cultures. Ultimately, research showed a need for increased attention to cultural issues in self-efficacy research, and a culture focussed re-evaluation of methods educators use to attempt to raise self-efficacy in students.
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Ongel, Ustun. "The search for a valid paradigm in cross-cultural psychology : explorations within three different research traditions." Thesis, University of Sussex, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.262298.
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Crist, Angela R. "South African Ubuntu Theory in Cross Cultural Community Development Practice: An Autoethnographic Exploration." Bowling Green, Ohio : Bowling Green State University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=bgsu1244121998.
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Iurino, Kathryn. "Comparative and Cross-Cultural Validity of the Moral Actions Questionnaire, a Measure for Ethical Virtue." Thesis, University of Oregon, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/23911.
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Though current personality models provide a starting point for measuring ethical virtues, ethical content may not be fully captured in existing personality inventories due in part to the systematic elimination of morally-relevant trait-adjectives in early lexical studies. Further, personality dimensions relevant to measuring the ethical domain include both ethical and non-ethical content. The Moral Actions Questionnaire was designed to assess seven conceptually-distinct ethical virtues that are emphasized across cultures and philosophies. This dissertation investigates the performance of the Moral Actions Questionnaire, relative to other candidate models of ethical virtue from personality inventories. Psychometric quality, structural validity, and predictive validity for these models are evaluated in samples from five countries: Kenya, India, Hong Kong, Singapore, and the United States. Findings suggest that the Moral Actions Questionnaire aids in prediction of altruistic bravery, guilt proneness, satisfaction with life, and meaning with life across most countries. Patterns in psychometric quality and structure across countries and methods (self- and informant-report) are discussed.
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Jackson, Yolanda L. "CROSS-CULTURAL COMPARISON OF PERCEPTIONS ABOUT SCHOOL FEEDING PROGRAMS FROM GHANAIAN AND U.S. ADULTS." UKnowledge, 2012. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/foodsci_etds/11.
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Because of an increase in food insecurity over the past decade, the U.S. and many developing countries are focusing efforts on issues relating to child hunger. School feeding programs have been in existence for roughly 220 years but modifications have been made over the years to improve the quality of food they serve. Little research has been conducted about adult perceptions of school feeding programs and the impact it has on the community in the U.S. as well as developing countries such as Ghana, West Africa. Because of the gap in literature on school feeding programs and adult perceptions about school feeding programs, the purpose of this study was to examine adult perspectives on school feeding programs in the U.S. and Ghana rural, mountainous communities. Semi-structured interviews were conducted in two communities with similar community characteristics. Semi-structured interviews examined adult perceptions regarding school feeding impact on kindergarten student attendance, learning, behavior and community impact. The sample size for this study was N=41. Grounded theory provided the framework for data analysis from which a paradigm model was developed. This paradigm model provides a visual representation of the relationships among causal conditions, phenomenon, context, intervening conditions, action/interaction strategies and consequences.
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Isaramalai, Sang-Arun. "Developing a cross-cultural measure of the self-as-carer inventory questionnaire for the Thai population." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2002. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p3052182.
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Hanna, Lisa. "The challenge of cross-cultural comparability in survey research : a case study of the Rose Angina questionnaire." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/23967.
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The Rose Angina Questionnaire (RAQ) is an important measure of coronary heart disease prevalence. It has been shown to perform inconsistently across some ethnic groups in Britain. For multi-ethnic survey research, an angina screening instrument with greater cross-cultural validity is required. Objectives: To assess the need for, and feasibility of, modifying the RAQ to produce a cross-culturally valid angina screening tool for use in Punjabi, Cantonese and English speakers. Participants expressed a range of health beliefs and behaviours. Perceptions and significance of pain and chest pain varied. However, whilst there were some themes that varied between groups, no dominant themes in the cultural construction of health, pain or cardiovascular knowledge emerged that may significantly influence RAQ response between language groups. Individual differences such as general anxiety about health, or awareness of cardiac symptoms, were more likely to affect perception of, and response to, RAQ items. Problems were encountered with the Punjabi and Cantonese translations of the RAQ, where inappropriate translocations may have produced distorted data on angina prevalence. For example, the translation for “chest” was interpreted by some Pakistani and fewer Chinese woman to mean “breasts”. “Waling uphill” was translated in Chinese as “walking the hill”, without stipulation of the direction, so that some Cantonese speakers interpreted the question as pertaining to walking downhill. In addition, many Chinese interpreted RAQ items to be referring to breathlessness rather than chest pain due to ambiguous wording. Standardised administration of questionnaire items by an interviewer may also be difficult to establish. The process of lay assessment of questionnaire appropriateness using bilingual project workers also raised methodological challenges- the assessment task was difficult for participants to understand and for bilingual project workers to implement. There is evidence that existing Punjabi and Cantonese versions of the Rose Angina Questionnaire should be modified further before being used in multi-ethnic surveys. Current versions are unlikely to be yielding data that is equivalent or comparable across groups. Other language versions may also require investigation to ensure comparability.
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Weber, Todd Jack Dean James W. "Performance oriented cross-cultural management research examining the impact of national culture on the practice-performance relationship /." Chapel Hill, N.C. : University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2006. http://dc.lib.unc.edu/u?/etd,239.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2006.Title from electronic title page (viewed Oct. 10, 2007). "... in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Kenan-Flagler School of Business Administration." Discipline: Business Administration; Department/School: Business School, Kenan-Flagler.
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Van, Vlaenderen Hilde. "Group problem solving among community activists in a South African setting: an everyday cognition approach." Thesis, Rhodes University, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002589.
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The study focuses on the everyday problem solving processes of a group of community activists in a rural setting in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa. It aims to uncover: first, the local knowledge of the participants of the study with reference to the concepts problem and problem solving; second, the participants' group problem solving procedure; and third, the dialectical interrelation between the participants' knowledge and practice with reference to everyday group problem solving. It is contended that the mainstream cognitive approach and the cross-cultural tradition are inappropriate for the study of everyday cognitive processes. A ‘situated cognition’ approach, based on the notions of activity and cultural mediation, is proposed as a theoretical framework for the study. The ontological and epistemological assumptions underpinning the empirical study were derived from a scientific realist and a hermeneutical paradigm. Data for the inquiry into the local knowledge of the participants was collected through individual interviews. The data was interpreted, using the grounded theory techniques of constant comparison, coding and compiling theoretical diagrams. Data for the inquiry into the participants' group problem solving practice consisted of video-taped group problem solving processes. This data was analysed, using a multi layered process of progressively deeper interpretation, employing a reading guide technique. Analysis of the research data revealed that the participants perceived a problem as an impediment to satisfactory participation in society. Problem solving was considered as an emotive, cognitive and inter-active process, involving particular role players. This process had a certain structure, involved attitudes and actions and relied on particular resources. Successful problem solving was perceived to result in restoration of social equilibrium. The group problem solving procedure used by the participants consisted of a process of developing a common understanding and group consensus. The strategies employed in the process, the roles played by the participants, the rules adhered to by the participants and the structure underlying the process were all congruent with these aims. There was a mutually reinforcing interrelation between knowledge and practice with reference to the participants’ problem solving.
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Johanek, Cynthia L. "Cross-cultural learning styles studies and composition : re- examining definitions, generalizations, and applications of past field dependence-independence research." Virtual Press, 1993. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/864905.
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In recent years, the media have publicized the social problem of physical child abuse. This study examined three artifacts of physical abuse: the children's book Robin's Story, the popular song "Luka," and the television documentary Scared Silent: Exposing and Ending Child Abuse. Chapter One described each artifact and provided a literature review which detailed the writings about physical child abuse and artifacts discussing this topic. The chapter then posed research questions about how the artifacts viewed abused children and their abusers, the causes of abuse, and the solutions proposed for ending physical abuse.Chapter One finally discussed the narrative framework of rhetorical analysis used to examine the three artifacts. The narrative method used in this analysis employed three steps: 1) An examination of narrative structure, which discussed the plot of the story, the crucial points of the story and the events which supplemented those points, and the steps of breach, crisis, redress, and reintegration in the narrative; 2) An examination of narrative rationality, which talked about the completeness and true to life quality of the story and evaluated the reasons the rhetors gave for following the course of action endorsed by the story; and 3) An examination of narrative standards, including truth standard or how the narrative compares with what the audience believes is true; aesthetic standard or the grammar, setting, and characterization within the story, and ethical standard or the values expressed within the narrative. Chapter Two applied this framework to the children's book Robin's Story. Chapter Three viewed the popular song "Luka" through the narrative framework. Chapter Four discussed the documentary Scared Silent in terms of narrative analysis.Chapter Five then discussed the conclusions of the analysis for each artifact, artifacts discussing physical abuse, and for rhetoric. Some of the conclusions reached were that artifacts discussing physical child abuse should attempt to make their stories universal, that such artifacts need to distinguish between abuse and physical punishment, and that artifacts dealing with this problem must provide concrete courses of action to end physical abuse. This analysis concluded that, while narrative analysis provided the answers to the research questions, this framework needs to be made into a concrete method of rhetorical analysis to ensure that narratives are effectively evaluated. Narrative analysis was positive in this analysis, however, in that it supported the definitions of rhetoric as value, epistemology, motive, drama, meaning, and argument. This analysis found that, to end the problem of physical child abuse, rhetors must work with experts in this field and tailor artifacts from different perspectives to various audiences using different forms of media.Department of English
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Eamsobhana, Sudawadee. "The cross-cultural research of United States and Thailand: The relationship between celebrity endorsers and types of product endorsed." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2005. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/2845.
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The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between the use of celebrities and the types of products endorsed. Advertisements from one popular magazine in the U.S. and two popular magazines in Thailand were used.
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Veronica, Felstad. "Cultural Differences, Social Support and Therapy Outcomes: A Comparative Study Between Individualist and Collectivist Cultures." Antioch University / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=antioch1583935979670494.
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Cribari-Assali, Carla Maria. "A cross-cultural view on well-being : children's experiences in the Tibetan diaspora in India and in Germany." Thesis, University of Stirling, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/21916.
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This dissertation explores children’s (6-8 years old) perspectives and experiences of well-being in two different cultural contexts: in a Tibetan day-school (India) and in a German day-school (Germany). Ethnographic research was conducted with participants of a second-grade class (mixed gender) for six months at each site, 3-4 days a week in 2012. Participant observation was complemented by interviews with the children as well as with the staff of the school, documented by fieldnotes and sound recordings. Data was collected in line with postmodern grounded theory methodology and preliminary analysis accompanied the process of the fieldwork. The thesis explores the children’s views and social practices related to well-being which prove to be different in both cultures: the Tibetan children emphasized being skilful as a basic condition for well-being, while friendship with peers was most important at the German school. At both sites, the children would establish these conditions for well-being through competitions. Furthermore, the children’s different views and the social practices are considered against the backdrop of two ‘transcultural’ indicators of well-being: self-confidence and resilience. These indicators were not selected randomly but chosen inductively during fieldwork, as the difference in self-confidence and resilience between the children’s groups at each site was noticeable. The thesis demonstrates how these differences in self-confidence and resilience are likely to have been related to a) the children’s particular views and social practices linked to well-being b) the manner in which childhood is constructed within the children’s societies and c) particular basic beliefs and worldviews prevalent within the children’s societies. The results emphasize the usefulness of researching well-being cross-culturally and suggest that (socio-culturally specific) self- and worldviews significantly influence children’s well-being.
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Lee, Shu-Yir. "Impact of cultural factors on transnational teams: Diversity, adaptation, communication quality, and trust." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2007. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/3284.
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The present research proposes a general model of Transnational Teams (TNTs) to investigate how value placed on cultural diversity, cultural adaptation, communication quality, and trust affect the performance of TNTs and their interaction to each other. TNTs contribute to decisions about a firm's total portfolio of transnational interests, global brands and products, organizational configuration, and global sourcing strategy. Qualitative and quantitative methods are applied in this study of thirty members of TNTs from diverse teams. Based on the qualitative and quantitative analysis, relationships between theory and practice are examined. The analysis shows that there is a strong relationship between trust and performance of TNTs.
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Avital, Liz. "Moving knowledge into practice : evaluating cross cultural applicability of the Promoting Action on Research Implementation in Health Service (PARIHS) framework." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2017. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/101807/.
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Clinical practice guidelines are developed worldwide, at an ever increasing rate (Sandström et al., 2015) and accessed internationally without a full understanding as to whether they are applicable in cross cultural settings. Informed by a review of the literature which identified a range of theories, frameworks and models to guide knowledge translation, the Promoting Action on Research Implementation in Health Services (PARIHS) framework (Kitson et al., 1998b), was selected as a suitable framework to explore evidence based clinical guideline development work in a cross cultural context. This research study was an exploration of the appropriateness and utility of the PARIHS framework, in the cultural translation and adaptation of an evidence based clinical practice guideline into clinical practice in the healthcare system in Malta. It also aimed to identify challenges and barriers to successful cultural translation and implementation to inform future cross cultural knowledge translation programs. A case study using an embedded single case was used. Data collection consisted of two focus groups with multidisciplinary healthcare professionals (n=11 and n=5), eighteen semi structured interviews (n=9 pre and n=9 post) and non-participant observation of two guideline development groups. Data was analysed both inductively and deductively using Framework Analysis. Findings of the study indicate that the components of the PARIHS framework of evidence, context and facilitation are useful to guide the cultural translation and adaptation of an evidence based clinical practice guideline. In addition, a number of challenges and barriers to successful translation and potential implementation were identified; the influence of politics, culture and context, stakeholder involvement including patient involvement, and resources, both human and financial. Overall the PARIHS framework is a useful tool to guide the cultural translation and adaptation of an evidence based clinical practice guideline. The study identified important additions to the PARIHS framework to improve its utility: expanding the use of culture in the PARIHS framework to include macro, meso and micro dimensions; the need for a definition of what context means within the PARIHS framework; the inclusion of politics as a sub element of context; the importance of resources, and acknowledging the role of the patient within the framework.
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Azordegan, Jennifer M. "School-family relationships in diverse Australia: A sociological case study of the connections between a school community and parents from an Afghan refugee background." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2019. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/136522/1/Jennifer_Azordegan_Thesis.pdf.
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This theory-led case study investigated how a Queensland primary school is engaging parents from an Afghan refugee background. Employing sociologist Pierre Bourdieu's comprehensive approach to researching social fields, this research draws from interviews with school staff and parents to explore how parent engagement was approached and perceived by the participants, and how it was influenced by external forces. This study sheds light on the complexities of forging effective school-family relationships in increasingly diverse societies. Amongst the study's contributions are a 4-pillared ethical approach to cross-cultural research and a new sociological template for equitable parent engagement in culturally diverse schools.
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Aiken, Morgan Adrienne T. "Characterizing and explaining differences in cognitive test performance between African American and European American older adults." [Gainesville, Fla.] : University of Florida, 2004. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/UFE0004802.
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Thesis (M.S.)--University of Florida, 2004.Typescript. Title from title page of source document. Document formatted into pages; contains 71 pages. Includes vita. Includes bibliographical references.
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Ayres, Karin. "Indicators of trauma in a single sand tray scene of a rural school youth." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/60970.
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The purpose of this study was to explore the ways in which a rural school youth indicates
trauma in a single sand tray scene. An empirical study of limited extent, which was conducted
from the interpretivistic paradigm and qualitative by nature, was undertaken. A clinical case
study was utilised as research design and document analysis was employed as data collection
method. The case record of a Grade 9 learner with a complex trauma history, who attended a
secondary school in a low-resourced community in Mpumalanga, was selected as the principal
participant in the study. Sandplay assessment, trauma indicators and rural youths were the
main concepts guiding the study.
The findings of the empirical study were, firstly, that the ways a rural school youth indicated
trauma in a single sand tray scene corresponded with trauma indications in Sandplay literature,
of which, secondly, scenes appearing hostile, sexualised, bounded-off, rigid, obstructed or
empty and devoid of life (e.g. people, vegetation) and scenery were examples. This reflected
the universal dynamism of trauma. Another finding was that the utility of a single sand tray
scene as a screening tool for trauma with a rural school youth was high and valuable as it
identified different types of trauma and trauma-related suffering (symptoms).Dissertation (MEd)--University of Pretoria, 2016.
Educational Psychology
MEd
Unrestricted
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Jones, Kendall Dwayne. "A cross-cultural adaptability self-assessment training program for full-time summer clinical pastoral education students at Baptist Medical Center, Research Medical Center, and Trinity Lutheran Hospital of Health Midwest." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1997. http://www.tren.com.
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Spencer, Jak. "Exploring the implications of cultural context for design for sustainable behaviour." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2014. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/14183.
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In this thesis the opportunities for designing products that are less resource intensive during use, in different cultural contexts is investigated. The research was divided into four phases: an extensive literature review, an online scoping study, an intensive qualitative study on laundry behaviours, and an international design competition. The research drew on the background of design for sustainable behaviour, a relatively new field of enquiry concerned with reducing the social and environmental impacts of products during their use. Despite the increasing development of theories to change user behaviour through design, there is a lack of understanding of how different cultural contexts affect behaviour. An extensive literature review established the current thinking on culture, development, and behaviour. The diverse nature of everyday household behaviour from different cultures and the effect it has on household resource consumption was uncovered and was investigated further in an online scoping study. In the study, participants from the UK, Brazil and India answered questions related to the themes of food, water, energy, materials and government schemes. The findings helped to highlight the differences in household behaviours and led to more detailed investigation of laundry behaviours in three sites in the UK, Brazil and India using in-context interviews, observations and household tours. From these findings a series of culturally significant and culturally independent factors were established that can aid designers in understanding behaviours in a given context. A set of design guidelines were also created to facilitate the design of less resource intensive products during use. These were then tested with designers in an international design competition answering a brief to design a less resource intensive laundry process. The research suggested a range of benefits for designers studying other cultures. The guidelines and cultural factors created can help designers to build empathy with users in a given context and boost creative thinking for more sustainable solutions. The research also offered insights into the possibility of, and application for, transferring behaviours between contexts as well as a new understanding of the aspirations of consumers in emerging markets, which could support other theories of sustainable development, such as leapfrogging.
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Hsiang-Ming, Yu, and 游翔閔. "A research on essential cross-cultural education." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/76565537953293818697.
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碩士國立臺灣師範大學
工業科技教育學系
96
The purposes of this research were to search the current conditions that cross-cultural education and training for foreign labor applied in Taiwan manufacturing industry and the essential cross-cultural education and training for foreign labor. The research method used in this research was the multiple-cases of qualitative research, and collecting information by interview. After analyzing the interview content and file information, this research concluded following conclusions: 1.The four parts of the current conditions that cross-cultural education and training for foreign labor applied in Taiwan manufacturing industry are as follows: the process of choosing foreign labor, the methods of education and training, the interaction for foreign labor and the current difficulties. (1)The process of choosing foreign labor includes employer consulting with demestic agent, coorperating with overseas agent, the conditions of choosing forein labor and the ways of choosing forein labor. (2)The methods of education and training includes short-term training before entering Taiwan, short-term training before working, self-culture and studying with compaons. (3)The interaction for foreign labor includes leisure activities, studying and respecting, communicating and coordinating, and asking their situations (4)The current difficulties includes fewer training days, over-protecting to foreign labor and incomplete laws. 2.The essential cross-cultural education and training for foreign labor includes two parts: working area and livin area. (1)The working area includes basic trainings, language training and laws indoctrination. (2)The living area includes religious belief, living habis and national festivals.
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Hsueh, Hsueh-Yung, and 薛學庸. "The Research on Cross-Cultural Training System for Taiwanese Expatriates." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/67145682418670843926.
Full textAbstract:
碩士嶺東科技大學
高階主管企管碩士在職專班
98
The dissertation combined the “homeostasis model” of cross-cultural adjustment of Grove and Torbiorn (1985) to explain the problem of cross-cultural adjustment via the relationship among “applicable degree of behavior,” “clear degree of spiritual reference framework,” and “the minimum accurate degree.” The cross-cultural training is to elevate the cross-cultural adjustment ability through the control of these three factors. Based on applicable degree of behavior, spiritual reference framework, and the place of minimum accurate degree, the dissertation divided the cross-cultural adjustment period into four stages. The adjustment process of shortening the lasting time of the second phase via the control of the three factors, decreasing the impact on individuals, and thus passing the transition to the third phase and the fourth phase smoothly is the demonstration of one of the effectiveness of cross-cultural training which can independently control the three factors to boost the adjustment. Finally, the research used cases to test, verify, expound, and apply to be the reference for Taiwanese expatriate training.