Journal articles: 'Cross-sectional study's'

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Dzodzomenyo, M., G. Fink, W. Dotse-Gborgbortsi, N. Wardrop, G. Aryeetey, N. Coleman, A. Hill, and J. Wright. "Sachet water quality and product registration: a cross-sectional study in Accra, Ghana." Journal of Water and Health 16, no. 4 (May 30, 2018): 646–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wh.2018.055.

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Abstract The study's objectives were to assess the extent to which packaged water producers follow product registration procedures and to assess the relationship between product registration and drinking water quality in Accra, Ghana. Following preliminary analysis of a national water quality survey, 118 packaged sachet water samples were collected by sampling all brands sold by 66 vendors. A sample of vendors was selected from two high-income and two low-income areas of Accra, Ghana. Sachet packaging and labelling details were recorded and compared to a regulatory database to assess product registration. All samples were weighed and tested for faecal indicator bacteria and selected physico-chemical parameters. Product registration numbers and brand names could be matched to regulatory records for 77 of 118 sachets (65.2%). All samples tested were compliant with national water quality standards for faecal indicator bacteria and nitrate. Brand registration was not associated with any of the quality indicators considered. The results of this study suggest that while a substantial proportion of sachet water is sold without formal product registration, the microbial quality of the unlicensed water is consistently high in Accra, Ghana. Further examination of regulatory enforcement and monitoring will be needed to ensure sustained high water quality over time.

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Alexandrino-Silva, Clóvis, Maira Lazarini Guimarães Pereira, Carlos Bustamante, André Corrêa de Toledo Ferraz, Sergio Baldassin, Arthur Guerra de Andrade, and Tânia Corrêa de Toledo Ferraz Alves. "Suicidal ideation among students enrolled in healthcare training programs: a cross-sectional study." Revista Brasileira de Psiquiatria 31, no. 4 (October 16, 2009): 338–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1516-44462009005000006.

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Objective: We aimed to assess the presence of suicidal ideation, depressive symptoms and symptoms of hopelessness in three healthcare training programs. Method: The study's population comprised all students enrolled at the Medical School of the Fundação do ABC, Brazil, from 2006 to 2007 compared to students enrolled in nursing and pharmacy programs. We applied the Beck Scale for Suicidal Ideation, the Beck Depression Inventory and the Beck Hopeless Scale to assess psychiatric symptomatology. The general response rates of the medical, nursing, and pharmacy students were 56%, 56% and 61%, respectively. Results: There was no difference regarding the presence of suicidal ideation among medical, nursing and pharmacy students. There was also no difference regarding the presence of either depression or hopelessness in medical students in comparison to nursing and pharmacy students. In comparison to nursing and pharmacy students, significantly higher severity rates in terms of hopelessness were observed only among medical students. Conclusion: Although we did not observe significant differences regarding suicidal ideation and depression among the three healthcare programs, our findings suggest that the presence of suicidal ideation is indeed a source of concern. Early identification of these symptoms is crucial in order to offer appropriate support and treatment and prevent deaths by suicide.

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Arumugam, Haari Haran, Thirumalaya Balaraman, Balwant Singh Bains, and Hassan Sadeghi. "THE PREVALENCE OF UPPER LIMB PAIN AMONG VEENA PLAYERS: A CROSS-SECTIONAL SURVEY." Revista Pesquisa em Fisioterapia 7, no. 3 (August 29, 2017): 326–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.17267/2238-2704rpf.v7i3.1423.

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Background: Instrumental musicians are a special risk group for repetitive motion injuries. Sizable percentages of them develop physical upper limb problems related to playing their instruments. Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence of Upper Limb pain among Veena players. Method: This study was a descriptive cross sectional survey and fifty Veena Players participated in this study from a Music Academy. Trained Veena players aged between 12-50 and players who practice at least 3 times a week were included in the study. The period of pain, types of pain and location of pain were investigated by a self-developed questionnaire. In addition, Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) was also used to record the intensity of pain. Results: Descriptive analysis was used to analysis the data. The results showed that most of player had pain on shoulder; in addition, according to Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) most of participants have dull aching pain and shooting pain. Conclusion: In conclusion, this study's results also show that there is a low prevalence of Upper Limb pain among Veena players. Multiple evidences show that Upper Limb pain is indeed prevalent predominantly among musicians of Western music. In most of the time the pain type is of dull aching and/or shooting pain.

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Buehler, Anna Maria, Bruna de Oliveira Ascef, Haliton Alves de Oliveira Júnior, Cleusa Pinheiro Ferri, and Jefferson Gomes Fernandes. "Rational use of diagnostic tests for clinical decision making." Revista da Associação Médica Brasileira 65, no. 3 (March 2019): 452–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1806-9282.65.3.452.

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SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: To assist clinicians to make adequate interpretation of scientific evidence from studies that evaluate diagnostic tests in order to allow their rational use in clinical practice. METHODS: This is a narrative review focused on the main concepts, study designs, the adequate interpretation of the diagnostic accuracy data, and making inferences about the impact of diagnostic testing in clinical practice. RESULTS: Most of the literature that evaluates the performance of diagnostic tests uses cross-sectional design. Randomized clinical trials, in which diagnostic strategies are compared, are scarce. Cross-sectional studies measure diagnostic accuracy outcomes that are considered indirect and insufficient to define the real benefit for patients. Among the accuracy outcomes, the positive and negative likelihood ratios are the most useful for clinical management. Variations in the study's cross-sectional design, which may add bias to the results, as well as other domains that contribute to decreasing the reliability of the findings, are discussed, as well as how to extrapolate such accuracy findings on impact and consequences considered important for the patient. Aspects of costs, time to obtain results, patients’ preferences and values should preferably be considered in decision making. CONCLUSION: Knowing the methodology of diagnostic accuracy studies is fundamental, but not sufficient, for the rational use of diagnostic tests. There is a need to balance the desirable and undesirable consequences of tests results for the patients in order to favor a rational decision-making approach about which tests should be recommended in clinical practice.

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Zhao, YuanYuan, CaiYun Hu, Fang Feng, Fengfeng Gong, ShanShan Lu, ZhenZhong Qian, and YeHuan Sun. "Associations of self-neglect with quality of life in older people in rural China: a cross-sectional study." International Psychogeriatrics 29, no. 6 (March 1, 2017): 1015–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1041610217000229.

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ABSTRACTBackground:Elder self-neglect (ESN) has become a public health issue globally. Limited studies have focused on ESN, as well as the relationship between ESN and quality of life (QoL) in developing countries. The study's objective is to explore the association between ESN and QoL among rural elderly in China.Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted among 3,182 elder adults aged 60 years or older, using a cluster-sampling technique in one township in Dangtu, a county in Anhui province. All participants completed face-to-face interview in their household. QoL was assessed using a brief form of the World Health Organization's quality of life questionnaire (WHOQOL-BREF), and ESN was assessed using the Scale of the Elderly Self-neglect (SESN). Hierarchical linear regression models were used to analyze the associations between the ESN scores and QoL scores after adjusting for sociodemographic, social support, and physical and psychological variables.Results:The scores of overall ESN and five domains were significantly correlated with the scores of four QoL domains (p < 0.001). After adjusting for sociodemographic characteristics, social support, and physical and psychological health characteristics, elders who reported higher overall self-neglect scores had significantly lower scores in the four QoL domains (p < 0.001). Education, economic level, physical health, ADL, depression, and cognitive function are consistent predictors across all QoL domains.Conclusions:ESN is an independent risk factor for poor QoL in elderly people in rural China. Understanding the role of ESN and its influence on QoL is important for the management of and intervention in ESN.

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Li, Qin, and Alex Jingwei He. "Popular support for the social security system in urban China: evidence from a cross-sectional survey in a Chinese city." Journal of International and Comparative Social Policy 35, no. 3 (October 2019): 261–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/21699763.2018.1544090.

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AbstractBecause the legitimacy of the welfare system ultimately depends on citizens’ support, it is vital to understand public welfare attitudes. By analysing primary data collected in Zhuhai City, this study examines Chinese people's attitudes toward contributory social security programmes. The study's bi-dimensional conception of welfare attitudes synthesises the dual roles that people play in social security and examines their respective attitudes. Self-interest and ideology models were both tested in the Chinese context. As ordinary citizens, people's expectation for governmental responsibility in social security appears to be high. As contributors to the system, their willingness to pay premiums is also on the high side. Based on multivariate analysis, this study provides contextual explanations for the attitudinal patterns observed in Zhuhai and interprets the results in reference to the international literature. The article concludes with policy implications for China's social security reforms.

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Barbosa, Mirna Rossi, Daniel de Sousa Medeiros, Luiza Augusta Rosa Rossi-Barbosa, and Antônio Prates Caldeira. "Self-reported outcomes after hearing aid fitting in Minas Gerais, Brazil." CoDAS 27, no. 1 (February 2015): 21–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2317-1782/20152014090.

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PURPOSE: To analyze the self-reported outcomes after hearing aid fitting among individuals in the northern region of Minas Gerais and associated factors. METHODS: A cross-sectional and analytical study with a random sample of adults and elderly attending the public health care service was conducted in the northern region of Minas Gerais (86 municipalities), Brazil. Study's participants answered International Outcome Inventory for Hearing Aids (IOI-HA) questionnaires. Data were analyzed descriptively and analytically with Poisson regression analysis. RESULTS: We interviewed 272 adults and 112 individuals reported not using their hearing aids regularly. The mean of IOI-HA global score was lower than expected. The individual's relationship with their hearing aid (Factor 1) was worse than the individual's relationship with their environment (Factor 2). Lower global scores were statistically associated with no work. CONCLUSIONS: The observed scores for the study's population are lower than those recorded in other studies. The results suggest that there are limitations in the fitting and follow-up of individuals who received hearing aids.

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Till, Benedikt, Teresa A. Wild, Florian Arendt, Sebastian Scherr, and Thomas Niederkrotenthaler. "Associations of Tabloid Newspaper Use With Endorsement of Suicide Myths, Suicide-Related Knowledge, and Stigmatizing Attitudes Toward Suicidal Individuals." Crisis 39, no. 6 (November 2018): 428–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/0227-5910/a000516.

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Abstract. Background: Educating the public about suicide is an important component of suicide prevention. So far, little is known about whether common misconceptions of suicide are related to individual tabloid newspaper use. Aims: This study aimed to investigate associations of time spent reading tabloids with endorsement of suicide myths, suicide-related knowledge, and with stigmatizing attitudes toward suicidal individuals. Method: In this cross-sectional online survey, we assessed suicide-related knowledge and stigmatizing attitudes toward suicidal individuals among 456 study participants in Austria together with their endorsement of five common suicide myths (e.g., "suicidal individuals do not communicate their intent"). Furthermore, we assessed participants' time spent reading tabloids. Results: Multivariate analyses controlling for gender, age, education, and the time spent reading broadsheet newspapers and watching television indicated that participants' time spent reading tabloids was associated with higher endorsement of suicide myths as well as with a lower level of suicide-related knowledge and a higher level of stigmatizing attitudes toward suicidal individuals. Limitations: Due to the study's cross-sectional design, causality concerning these associations could not be assessed. Conclusion: The present findings confirm that readers of tabloids are an important target group for suicide education efforts.

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Namada, Juliana Mulaa. "The Role of Strategy Implementation in the Relationship Between Strategic Planning Systems and Performance." International Journal of Business Strategy and Automation 1, no. 1 (January 2020): 1–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijbsa.2020010101.

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While substantial research has been done on strategic planning and performance, there is little research on the moderating role of strategy implementation. This study attempts to bridge this gap. The study adopted a descriptive cross-sectional survey with the firm as the unit of analysis. The findings indicate that strategy implementation moderates the relationship between strategic planning systems and market performance as well as internal business process performance but not on return on investment performance. In conclusion, the configuration of planning systems with its theoretical underpinning as resource bundles explain performance variations among firms. The study's implication for practice is that strategic planning systems should be emphasized by business firms as a configuration and not by its domains.

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Pardede, Jek Amidos, Masri Saragih, and Marthalena Simamora. "Tipe Kepribadian Berhubungan dengan Perilaku Caring Perawat." Jurnal Keperawatan Silampari 3, no. 2 (May 29, 2020): 707–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.31539/jks.v3i2.1207.

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The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between personality types and nurses' caring behavior at the Porsea Regional Hospital. The research design used is correlation analytic with the cross-sectional approach. This study's results are introverted personality types with good caring majority behavior, 62.2%, and extrovert personality types with good caring majority behavior 94.3%. Statistical test results showed a significant relationship between personality types and nurses caring action at the Porsea Regional Hospital (p = 0.010; p <0.05). In conclusion, the majority of nurse personality types have an extroverted personality, and the majority of nurse caring behavior has good caring practice. There is a relationship between personality type and caring nurse behavior. Keywords: Nurse, Caring Behavior, Personality Type

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Sahputra, Devi, and Margaretha Pink Berlianto. "The impact of personality traits on entrepreneurial intentions of the Indonesian wound care clinicians." International Journal of Research in Business and Social Science (2147- 4478) 10, no. 1 (February 11, 2021): 60–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.20525/ijrbs.v10i1.1012.

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Entrepreneurs become the foundation for a stable economic recovery. The health sector, especially nursing, can be transformed to be more innovative base on personal characteristics. The purpose of this study is to identify the influence of individual traits (locus of control, need for achievement, creativity & risk-taking) on entrepreneurial intentions in wound care clinicians in Indonesia. This study applied a cross-sectional survey design with 205 Wound Care Clinician in Indonesia and analysis using SmartPLS Version 3.0. This research shows correlation and influence between the variables a direct need for achievement and creativity on entrepreneur intention, while locus of control and risk-taking are indirect. This study's results serve as a reference for wound care clinicians in making decisions to build their own business in nursing

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Rolim, Ana Carine Arruda, Gracyelle Alves Remigio Moreira, Sarah Maria Mendes Gondim, Soraya da Silva Paz, and Luiza Jane Eyre de Souza Vieira. "Factors associated with reporting of abuse against children and adolescents by nurses within Primary Health Care." Revista Latino-Americana de Enfermagem 22, no. 6 (December 2014): 1048–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0104-1169.0050.2515.

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OBJECTIVE: to analyze the factors associated with the underreporting on the part of nurses within Primary Health Care of abuse against children and adolescents.METHOD: cross-sectional study with 616 nurses. A questionnaire addressed socio-demographic data, profession, instrumentation and knowledge on the topic, identification and reporting of abuse cases. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression was used.RESULTS: female nurses, aged between 21 and 32 years old, not married, with five or more years since graduation, with graduate studies, and working for five or more years in PHC predominated. The final regression model showed that factors such as working for five or more years, having a reporting form within the PHC unit, and believing that reporting within Primary Health Care is an advantage, facilitate reporting.CONCLUSION: the study's results may, in addition to sensitizing nurses, support management professionals in establishing strategies intended to produce compliance with reporting as a legal device that ensures the rights of children and adolescents.

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Luize, Paula Batista, Silvia Rita Marin da Silva Canini, Elucir Gir, and Silmara Elaine Malaguti Toffano. "Procedures after exposure to biological material in a specialized cancer hospital." Texto & Contexto - Enfermagem 24, no. 1 (March 2015): 170–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0104-07072015002700013.

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Occupational accidents involving biological material are a concern for healthcare facilities due to the severe harm they may cause to healthcare workers. This cross-sectional study's aim was to identify the behavior reported by nursing professionals in response to biological material exposure in a cancer hospital located in São Paulo, Brazil. The population was composed of 441 professionals. The hospital's Institutional Review Board approved the project. Of the 441 interviewed subjects, 82 (18.6%) reported exposure in the last twelve months. Note that 47 (57.3%) workers officially reported the accident and sought specialized clinical care. The most frequently reported reason by those (72.1%) who did not follow the protocol was considering it unnecessary. Strategies intended to improve adherence of healthcare workers to the recommended protocol may improve occupational safety.

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Cormac, Irene, Michael Ferriter, Ram Benning, and Carol Saul. "Physical health and health risk factors in a population of long-stay psychiatric patients." Psychiatric Bulletin 29, no. 1 (January 2005): 18–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/pb.29.1.18.

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Aims and MethodTo evaluate the physical health and health risk factors in long-stay psychiatric patients in a high secure psychiatric hospital. A cross-sectional survey of consenting patients was undertaken using a semi-structured questionnaire, a brief physical examination and review of patient case notes. A comparison was made with data collected on admission and held on the Special Hospitals' Case Register.ResultsMain findings were: a mean increase in weight since admission, in men of 10.62 kg and in women of 12.74 kg; high rates of smoking, obesity and large waist size; 54% of patients had one or more health problems.Clinical ImplicationsThe study's profile of the physical health of psychiatric in-patients indicates the need for health promotion initiatives in such hospitals and the need for primary care services.

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Assis, Ana Marlúcia O., Mauricio L. Barreto, Gecynalda Soares da Silva Gomes, Matildes da Silva Prado, Nedja Silva dos Santos, Leonor Maria Pacheco Santos, Lílian Ramos Sampaio, Rita de Cássia Ribeiro, Lucivalda Pereira Magalhães de Oliveira, and Valterlinda Alves de Oliveira. "Childhood anemia prevalence and associated factors in Salvador, Bahia, Brazil." Cadernos de Saúde Pública 20, no. 6 (December 2004): 1633–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0102-311x2004000600022.

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A cross-sectional study was conducted in 1996 to estimate the prevalence of anemia in a stratified sample of 603 preschool children and identify factors associated with the disease. Hemoglobin assays were conducted in finger-prick blood samples using a Hemocue hemoglobinometer. Anemia was defined as hemoglobin below 11.0g/dl. Logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the potential associations. Observed anemia prevalence was 46.3%. Associated factors were: the 6-12-month and 12-24-month age brackets, the lowest tertiles for iron density and protein content dietary intake, and any degree of deficit in the height-for-age anthropometric parameter. Inadequate physical, sanitary, and environmental conditions in the home were associated with a significantly increased risk of anemia. Anemia constitutes an important health problem in this study's child population. Improvements in living conditions and dietary quality could contribute to a reduction in anemia prevalence.

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Gomes, Viviane Ferrari, Tatiana Longo Borges Miguel, and Adriana Inocenti Miasso. "Common Mental Disorders: socio-demographic and pharmacotherapy profile." Revista Latino-Americana de Enfermagem 21, no. 6 (December 2013): 1203–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0104-1169.2990.2355.

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OBJECTIVE: this study reports an association between Common Mental Disorders and the socio-demographic and pharmacotherapy profiles of 106 patients cared for by a Primary Health Care unit in the interior of São Paulo, Brazil. METHOD: this is a cross-sectional descriptive exploratory study with a quantitative approach. Structured interviews and validated instruments were used to collect data. The Statistical Package for Social Science was used for analysis. RESULTS: The prevalence of Common Mental Disorders was 50%. An association was found between Common Mental Disorders and the variables occupation, family income, number of prescribed medications and number of pills taken a day. Greater therapy non-adherence was observed among those who tested positive for Common Mental Disorders. CONCLUSION: this study's results show the importance of health professionals working in PHC to be able to detect needs of a psychological nature among their patients and to support the implementation of actions to prevent the worsening of Common Mental Disorders.

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WANG, H. B., K. SMITH, K. S. BROWN, G. X. WANG, D. F. CHANG, J. J. XU, G. W. DING, X. JIN, K. H. REILLY, and N. WANG. "Prevalence, incidence, and persistence of syphilis infection in female sex workers in a Chinese province." Epidemiology and Infection 139, no. 9 (November 15, 2010): 1401–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0950268810002578.

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SUMMARYThe study's objectives were to investigate the prevalence, incidence, persistence, and associated risk factors of syphilis in female sex workers (FSWs) in Kaiyuan City, Yunnan, China. Three serial cross-sectional surveys were conducted and biological specimens were collected and tested for HIV, sexually transmitted infections, and drug use. The logistic Generalized Estimating Equation regression model was used to identify risk factors for prevalent syphilis. The prevalence of syphilis was 7·5%, 8·4% and 8·8%, respectively, in the three survey periods. Estimated syphilis incidence was 1·07 cases/100 person-years, and the persistence of syphilis per person at 6 months was 90·4%. In multivariate analysis, the factors associated with syphilis were age, lower education level, number of clients in a week, inconsistent condom use with clients, herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2), and Chlamydia trachomatis. Persistent syphilis in this population of FSWs is a serious public health concern.

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Sunarti, Euis, Risda Rizkillah, and Novy Tri Muktiyah. "The Effect of Work-Family Conflict and Balancing Strategy towards Wive's Job Satisfaction." Journal of Family Sciences 5, no. 1 (July 22, 2020): 20–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.29244/jfs.5.1.20-35.

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This study aims to analyze the effects of work-family conflicts and balancing strategies on job satisfaction felt by families in working husbands and wives. The design of this study was cross-sectional with a sample of 160 wives in families with working wives who have children aged 0-9 years chosen stratified non-proportional random sampling in West Bogor and Central Bogor District, Bogor City. The data collection process carried out using a questionnaire. This study's results indicate that there is a significant negative correlation between work-family conflict and job satisfaction. Besides, theBesidesnificant positive correlation between the strategy of balancing family and work with job satisfaction. Based on the results of the regression test, the data show that work-family conflict and the balancing strategy have an effect on job satisfaction 22.2 percent, and the rest is influenced by other variables not examined. The implications of these results require a broader study for the elaboration of wives' job satisfaction factors.

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Boing, Alexandra Crispim, Karen Glazer Peres, Antonio Fernando Boing, Pedro C. Hallal, Nilza Nunes Silva, and Marco Aurélio Peres. "EpiFloripa Health Survey: the methodological and operational aspects behind the scenes." Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia 17, no. 1 (March 2014): 147–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1415-790x201400010012eng.

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The present study aims at describing the sampling plan, operational aspects and strategies used to optimize the field work of a cross-sectional, population-based study conducted in a southern capital of Brazil. For this purpose, the sample design, data collection instrument, selection of interviewers, pilot study, data collection, field logistics, quality control, consistency control, costs, and divulgation of results are herein described. The study's response rate was 85.3%. We found that the comparison of frequency measurements with and without self-assessment had no significant impact on the estimates, and that the design effect, estimated at 2, was sufficient for most calculations. The reproducibility of the questionnaire was satisfactory, with Kappa values and intraclass correlation coefficients ranging from 0.6 to 0.9. The strategies used to overcome operational problems, such as counting of households, use of maps, questionnaire structuring, rigorous organization of the field work and monitoring of the estimates were fundamental in conducting the study.

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Ughade, Harshada Manohar, Ashwini Vijay Bhele, Sanobar Shaikh, and Umesh Shankarrao Joge. "MORPHOMETRIC STUDY OF HUMAN TALUS - A CROSS SECTIONAL STUDY." International Journal of Anatomy and Research 5, no. 3.2 (August 31, 2017): 4265–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.16965/ijar.2017.302.

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Rahmi, Silvia, Chairil Anwar, Hamzah Hasyim, Ramzi Amin, and Ahmad Ghiffari. "The Correlation of No Footwear Use and Soil Helminth Incidence among Elementary School Children in Musi Rawas, South Sumatera, Indonesia." Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research 5, no. 4 (July 14, 2021): 1045–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.32539/bsm.v5i4.381.

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Background: Soil-transmitted helminth infection (STH) is a parasite infection that involves humans being infected with roundworms by route of soil contamination. One billion individuals are infected with worms, including 568 million school-age children. Helminthiasis in elementary school-aged children was not documented in Musi Rawas Regency. This study's goal was to identify if not wearing footwear increases the incidence of parasitic infection.Methods: The research was a cross-sectional survey, followed by statistical analysis. The study involved elementary school-aged students in Tuah Negeri District, Musi Rawas Regency, in 2021 and at least 200 participants. This study sample consisted of 108 with a purposive sampling method. This study utilized questionnaires and stool examinations using the Kato Katz method. Chi-square and multivariate logistic regression were used for statistical analysis.Results: Positive helminth infections amounted to 37,1% of the total (n=108). STH was comprised of 17.6% Ascaris lumbricoides, 9.3% Trichuris trichiura, and 25.9% hookworms. The finding of this research demonstrated a substantial (p = 0.000) relationship between the use of footwear and the advent of parasites. The logistic regression analysis results revealed that the most critical variable influencing the incidence of helminthiasis was not wearing any footwear.Conclusions: The study's findings suggest a correlation between footwear use and the risk of worm infection; as a result, it was recommended that children be thoroughly educated on personal hygiene, specifically footwear use, when using the bathroom.

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., Gulamnabi, P. Sudarshan, and Ramesh Hosmani. "Incidence of Penis Carcinoma: Observation Cross Sectional Study." New Indian Journal of Surgery 9, no. 4 (2018): 414–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.21088/nijs.0976.4747.9418.2.

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Tiwari, Bhavana, V. K. Tandon, Gaurav Arya, Chitra Rani Chauhan, Rohit Agarwal, and Mukesh Mishra. "Spectrum of Nutritional Status: A Cross Sectional Study." Pediatric Education and Research 5, no. 3 (2017): 178–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.21088/per.2321.1644.5317.3.

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., Himani, Saurabh Singh, Apurva Malhotra, Parul Dargar, Aditya Tignath, and (Maj Gen) S. K. Nema. "A Cross-Sectional Study of Anaemia in Children." Indian Journal of Pathology: Research and Practice 7, no. 4 (2018): 500–503. http://dx.doi.org/10.21088/ijprp.2278.148x.7418.16.

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Beniwal, Usha, Kedar Ajay Trivedi, and Anjani Shrivastava. "Risk Factors of Eclampsia: A Cross Sectional Study." Indian Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 7, no. 1 (2019): 98–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.21088/ijog.2321.1636.7119.17.

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Silva, Anabela G., Alexandra Queirós, Pedro Sa-Couto, and Nelson P. Rocha. "Self-Reported Disability: Association With Lower Extremity Performance and Other Determinants in Older Adults Attending Primary Care." Physical Therapy 95, no. 12 (December 1, 2015): 1628–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.2522/ptj.20140323.

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Background Measurement of function usually involves the use of both performance-based and self-report instruments. However, the relationship between both types of measures is not yet completely understood, in particular for older adults attending primary care. Objective The main objective of the study was to investigate the association between the World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0 (WHODAS 2.0) and the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) for older adults at primary care. A secondary objective was to determine the influence of sociodemographic and health-related variables on this relationship. Design This was a cross-sectional study. Methods A total of 504 participants aged 60 years and older from 18 different primary care centers underwent a one-session assessment including: sociodemographic variables, comorbidities, performance, self-reported disability, pain, depressive symptoms, and physical activity. Performance was assessed using the SPPB, and self-reported disability was assessed using the WHODAS 2.0. Results The correlation between WHODAS 2.0 and SPPB scores was strong (r=.65). Regression analysis showed that the SPPB total score explained 41.7% of the variance in WHODAS 2.0 scores (adjusted R2=41.6%). A second model including the SPPB subtests (balance, gait, and sit-to-stand), depressive symptoms, number of pain sites, pain intensity, and level of physical activity explained 61.7% of the variance in WHODAS 2.0 scores (adjusted R2=60.4%). No model improvement was found when considering the 6 WHODAS 2.0 individual domains. Limitations The cross-sectional nature of the study does not allow inferences on causal relationships. Conclusions This study's findings confirm that self-report and performance-based measures relate to different aspects of functioning. Further study is needed to determine if primary care interventions targeting lower extremity performance and depressive symptoms improve self-reported disability.

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Sakakibara, Brodie M., William C. Miller, Janice J. Eng, François Routhier, and Catherine L. Backman. "Health, Personal, and Environmental Predictors of Wheelchair-Use Confidence in Adult Wheelchair Users." Physical Therapy 95, no. 10 (October 1, 2015): 1365–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.2522/ptj.20140537.

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Background There are no predictive models of wheelchair-use confidence. Therefore, clinicians and researchers are limited in their ability to screen for and identify wheelchair users who may be more prone to low wheelchair-use confidence and may benefit from clinical intervention. Objective The purpose of this study was to identify health-related, personal, and environmental factors that predict perceived wheelchair-use confidence in community-dwelling adults who use manual wheelchairs. Design A cross-sectional study was conducted. Methods Community-dwelling manual wheelchair users (N=124) were included in the study if they were ≥50 years of age, had ≥6 months of wheelchair use experience, and had no cognitive impairment. The Wheelchair Use Confidence Scale was used to assess wheelchair-use confidence. The sociodemographic information form, Functional Comorbidity Index, Seating Identification Tool, Interpersonal Support and Evaluation List, and Home and Community Environment Instrument captured the independent variables. Blocks of health, personal, and environmental variables were sequentially entered into the regression model. Results Five personal variables (age, standardized beta [β]=−0.18; sex, β=−0.26; daily hours of wheelchair occupancy, β=0.20; wheelchair-use training, β=0.20; and wheelchair-use assistance, β=−0.34) and one environmental variable (need for seating intervention, β=−0.18) were statistically significant predictors, explaining 44% of the confidence variance. Limitations The sample comprised volunteers and, therefore, may underrepresent or overrepresent particular groups within the population. The study's cross-sectional research design does not allow for conclusions to be made regarding causality. Conclusion Older women who use wheelchairs and who require assistance with wheelchair use may have low wheelchair-use confidence. The same is true for individuals who have no formal wheelchair-use training, who are in need of a seating intervention, and who report few hours of daily wheelchair use. These wheelchair users may require clinical attention and benefit from intervention.

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Alhumoudi, Hamad Yuosef. "Corporate Governance Mechanisms and Firms’ Performance: An Empirical Analysis of Firms Listed on the Saudi Stock Exchange." International Journal of Accounting and Financial Reporting 6, no. 2 (September 7, 2016): 101. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/ijafr.v6i2.9192.

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This study examines whether implementation of internal CG mechanisms have affected the performance of non-financial firms listed on the Saudi stock exchange “Tadawul”, since the implementation of Saudi CG code. A cross-sectional regression analysis is employed on a sample of 118 non-financial Saudi firms in 2014, to test the hypotheses set out in the study. Board characteristics assessed include, board size, board composition, board meetings and CEO duality. Ownership structures include managerial and concentrated ownership. The study's empirical findings show board size and CEO duality, are amongst those board characteristics with a positive influence on firm performance. In the case of the second internal mechanisms of CG ownership structures, the findings suggest only managerial ownership positively affects performance. The study findings conclude that CG structures differ in every country, as each has its own social and regulations situation. The study contributes to existing literature about the CG in Saudi Arabia by reviewing the impact of CG practices eight years after the CGC. It enhances understanding among practitioners of CG, and explains how it influences firm performance in Saudi.

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Lidia Aditama Putri, Bhisma Murti, Dini Setiarsih, Widiharti, Wiwik Widiyawati, Diah Jerita Eka Sari, Nourma Yunita, and Endah Mulyani. "PREDISPOSING, ENABLING, AND REINFORCING FACTORS THAT INFLUENCE FULL BASIC IMMUNIZATION COVERAGE IN BANGKALAN DISTRICT, MADURA ISLAND IN 2017." Malaysian Journal of Public Health Medicine 20, no. 1 (May 1, 2020): 102–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.37268/mjphm/vol.20/no.1/art.437.

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The cases of morbidity and mortality of babies and toddlers are continue to occur because of negligence of the mothers in providing complete basic immunization to their babies. This study is a cross-sectional study that was conducted to identify the predisposing, enabling, and reinforcing factors that influence full basic immunization coverage. The study was performed on mothers who had 9-12 months old child spread in 22 villages, purposively selected through from 22 community health centers in Bangkalan District, Madura Island. 200 mothers were selected as the study's respondents. The data were collected through questionnaires and from the book of "Kesehatan Ibu dan Anak" (KIA). The result of the study was obtained using logistic regression statistical test and it showed that the factors that influenced of full basic immunization coverage in Bangkalan District, Madura Island, were family income as predisposing factor (OR=2.26; 95% CI= 1.14 to 4.51; p= 0.020); health facility as enabling factor (OR=3.03; 95% CI= 1.59 to 5.80; p= 0.001); and community leader support as reinforcing factor (OR=2.56; 95% CI= 1.33 to 4.92; p= 0.005).

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Fusco, Carmen L. B., Rebeca de Souza e. Silva, and Solange Andreoni. "Unsafe abortion: social determinants and health inequities in a vulnerable population in São Paulo, Brazil." Cadernos de Saúde Pública 28, no. 4 (April 2012): 709–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0102-311x2012000400010.

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This cross-sectional population-based study in a peripheral low-income community in São Paulo, Brazil, aimed to estimate the prevalence of unsafe abortion and identify the socio-demographic characteristics associated with it and its morbidity. The article discusses the study's results, based on univariate and multiple multinomial logistic regression analyses. The final regression models included: age at first intercourse < 16 years (OR = 4.80); > 2 sex partners in the previous year (OR = 3.63); more live born children than the woman's self-reported ideal number (OR = 3.09); acceptance of the abortion due to insufficient economic conditions (OR = 4.07); black ethnicity/color (OR = 2.67); and low schooling (OR = 2.46), all with p < 0.05. The discussion used an approach to social determinants of health based on the concept and model adopted by the WHO and the health inequities caused by such determinants in the occurrence of unsafe abortion. According to the findings, unsafe abortion and socio-demographic characteristics are influenced by the social determinants of health described in the study, generating various levels of health inequities in this low-income population.

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Masellis, Mario, Neil A. Rector, and Margaret A. Richter. "Quality of Life in OCD: Differential Impact of Obsessions, Compulsions, and Depression Comorbidity." Canadian Journal of Psychiatry 48, no. 2 (March 2003): 72–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/070674370304800202.

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Objective: An anxiety disorder severely affects the sufferer's quality of life (QOL), and this may be particularly true of those with obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD). This study examines the differential impact of obsessions, compulsions, and depression comorbidity on the QOL of individuals with OCD. Method: Forty-three individuals diagnosed with OCD according to DSM-IV criteria and experiencing clinically significant obsessions and compulsions completed measures of QOL, obsessive–compulsive symptom severity, and depression severity. Results: Obsession severity was found to significantly predict patient QOL, whereas the severity of compulsive rituals did not impact on QOL ratings. Comorbid depression severity was the single greatest predictor of poor QOL, accounting for 54% of the variance. Conclusions: Given the importance of these symptoms, treatments that directly target obsessions and secondary depression symptoms in OCD are warranted. However, replication of these findings in a prospective cohort study is required, because although the the current study's cross-sectional design allows for the examination of the associations among obsessions, depression, and QOL, it cannot establish their temporal framework (that is, causal relations).

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Akeny, Emmanuel, and David Mwesigwa. "Personal savings and household investments: a cohort study among primary school teachers." Annals of Management and Organization Research 1, no. 4 (May 25, 2020): 261–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.35912/amor.v1i4.468.

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Purpose: This study aimed to determine the relationship between personal savings and household investments among a cohort of primary school teachers in lira city. Research methodology: The study used a cross-sectional survey design with a quantitative research approach. Data were collected from a sample of 103 respondents with the period between October 2020 and January 2021 using self-administered questionnaires. The Content Validity Index was used to establish validity, while the Cronbach's Alpha Coefficient was used to test reliability. Results: Using descriptive and inferential statistics, the results suggest that civil servants' personal financial planning is high due to personal savings. Also, the level of household investment is high and the correlation reveals that the relationship between private savings and household investment is very weak and negative. Limitations: This study focused on personal savings only, yet other constructs affect household investments. Contribution: This study's results help civil servants in Lira city and Uganda in general since personal savings are an essential factor to household investments. Keywords: Personal savings, Household investment, Primary teacher, Financial planning, Lira

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Aminatussyadiah, Ayu, Suci Fitriana Pramudya Wardani, and Amrina Nur Rohmah. "Media informasi dan tingkat pendidikan berhubungan dengan kehamilan remaja Indonesia." Jurnal Kebidanan 9, no. 2 (August 31, 2020): 173. http://dx.doi.org/10.26714/jk.9.2.2020.173-182.

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In the digital era, everyone has free access to various content using an electronic device, including teenagers. Pornographic content is also easy to access. The lack of reproductive knowledge among teenagers can cause risk behavior such as unsafe sexual activity that can lead to teenage pregnancy. Teenage pregnancy is a serious problem that can be endangering every young mother’s life. This condition can be a life-threatening for both mother and baby. This study aimed to determine the effect of media access and adolescent girls' educational levels on the incidence of teenage pregnancy in Indonesia. A cross-sectional design was used in this study. This study's sample was all young women contained in the 2012 IDHS data with an age range of 15-19 years old with a total sample size of 7,203 respondents. A Chi-square test was used in this study for data analysis. The results of this study show that there is a relationship between media information and the educational level of adolescent girls to the incident of teenage pregnancy in Indonesia.

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Chandaki, Vasanta S., and Dr Ramesh K. Dr.Ramesh.K. "Body Mass Index among adolescents: A cross sectional study." International Journal of Scientific Research 3, no. 8 (June 1, 2012): 335–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.15373/22778179/august2014/101.

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Y.L., Shivamurthy, Rashmi H.K., Narayanappa D., and K. Jagadish Kumar. "Morbidity Pattern among the Children: A Cross Sectional Study." Indian Journal of Trauma & Emergency Pediatrics 9, no. 2 (2017): 37–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.21088/ijtep.2348.9987.9217.7.

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Roma S, Dadwani, and Tintu Thomas. "Knowledge Regarding Sex- Ratio and PCPNDT Act – A Cross Sectional Studys." International Journal of Scientific Research 3, no. 8 (June 1, 2012): 274–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.15373/22778179/august2014/79.

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Nakata, Priscila Tadei, Lenice Ines Koltermann, Kellyn Rocha de Vargas, Priscilla Wolff Moreira, Erica Rosalba Mallmann Duarte, and Idiane Rosset-Cruz. "Classification of Family Risk in a Family Health Center." Revista Latino-Americana de Enfermagem 21, no. 5 (September 2013): 1088–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0104-11692013000500011.

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OBJECTIVE: to identify and classify the degree of family risk in a Family Health Center by means of a multidimensional evaluation instrument. METHOD: a cross-sectional study, with a quantitative and descriptive design, which evaluated 927 families registered in the center, which covers five micro-areas. The Coelho and Savassi Scale was applied, this consisting of 13 sentinels of evaluation of the social risk, using secondary data available in the File A of the families' medical records, in the last trimester of 2011. The data was analyzed using the SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) for Windows software, version 18.0. RESULTS: among the families studied, 68.5% were classified as not being at risk. It was ascertained that the smallest proportion of at-risk families (8.2%) was found in micro-area 1, and that micro-area 4 had the highest proportion (55.9%). The most-prevalent risk situations were poor conditions of basic sanitation, systemic arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus and drug addiction. CONCLUSION: this study's results make it possible to create support for the planning of home visits, to implement health surveillance actions, and for health professionals to better understand the vulnerabilities of the families attended.

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Andini, Dwi Margareta, and Dessy Lutfiasari. "The Correlation Between Marital Age and The Incidence of Cervical Cancer." Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences 15, no. 6 (June 30, 2021): 1509–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs211561509.

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Background: Cervical cancer (neck of the womb) is a malignant tumor that grows in the cervix (the lowest part of the uterus attached to the top of the vagina). Aim: This study aims to investigate the correlation between marital age and the incidence of cervical cancer. Methods: This research was correlation analytic with a cross-sectional approach. This study's population was all patients in Gambiran Hospital in obstetric and gynecology poly, and the sample size was 34 people chosen by simple random sampling technique. The research instrument used the medical record. The bivariate analysis used the Spearman rank test. Results: The analysis shows that there were two independent and dependent variables, namely marital age and the incidence of cervical cancer, with ρ value = 0001< α = 0.05 indicating that there was a correlation between marital age and the incidence of cervical cancer with a value of r = 0.549 showed that there is a relationship between the age of marriage with cervical cancer incidence. Conclusion: This research is expected to be an input to make people more healthy and open to receive health information, especially if a family has a child of early marriage age. Keywords: Cervical Cancer, Marital Age

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Lestari, Yufi Aris, Hartin Suidah, Ninik Murtiyani, and Riska Aprilia Wardani. "COPING MECHANISMS AND DEPRESSION IN ADOLESCENTS WITH DRUG ABUSE." Psychiatry Nursing Journal (Jurnal Keperawatan Jiwa) 3, no. 1 (March 18, 2021): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/pnj.v3i1.22699.

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Introduction: The high level of depression or life problems among adolescents impacted different coping for each individual intending to overcome the problems that occur. This study aimed to determine the relationship between levels of depression and coping mechanisms of adolescent drug users.Methods: This study was a correlational analytic research with cross-sectional approach. The sampling technique was simple random sampling. This study's sample was 32 adolescent drug users undergoing rehabilitation at the drug rehabilitation facility Rumah Obit Surabaya. Depression variables was measured used the Beck Depression Inventory questionnaire, and variable coping mechanisms used the Ways of Coping Checklist questionnaire. The data was analyzed using the rho spearmen test.Results: The analysis result showed that coping mechanism had a significant relationship with depression in adolescent drug users with p-value = 0.001 (p <0.05). The adolescent drug users mostly experienced mild depression as many as 25 respondents (78.1) and maladaptive coping mechanism as many as 21 (65.6%).Conclusion: Optimizing socialization to increase knowledge about the impact of drug use on adolescents is needed to prevent depression in adolescent therefore they can use adaptive coping mechanisms in problem solving.

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Hendrickson, Julia L., Kirk Dearden, Helena Pachón, Ngyuyen Hoi An, Dirk G. Schroeder, and David R. Marsh. "Empowerment in Rural Viet Nam: Exploring Changes in Mothers and Health Volunteers in the Context of an Integrated Nutrition Project." Food and Nutrition Bulletin 23, no. 4_suppl2 (December 2002): 83–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/15648265020234s212.

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Empowerment is often cited as a fundamental component of health promotion strategies. Anecdotes suggest that Save the Children's integrated nutrition project empowers local women and health volunteers. The aim of this research was to document the degree to which this is being accomplished. Using qualitative methodologies, we conducted a cross-sectional assessment to compare self-reported changes in identified empowerment domains among 17 program health volunteers and 20 mothers involved in a child nutrition intervention and among five Women's Union leaders and five mothers in a non-intervention comparison commune. Intervention mothers reported increased knowledge, confidence, and information sharing about child-care and feeding, while non-intervention mothers reported minimal changes in these domains. Both intervention health volunteers and non-intervention Women's Union leaders expressed improvements in knowledge, confidence, and relationships with community members. In this study we found that the relative increases in empowerment were greater for mothers than for health volunteers. Intervention mothers reported more sharing of information on child relationships with community members than Women's Union leaders. The increased information sharing has positive implications for spread of key messages to families that did not directly participate in intensive feeding and the sustainability of the intervention's impact. Future research should focus on developing culturally specific concepts of empowerment to better understand the effects of empowerment efforts. This study's identification of empowerment domains will inform future empowerment studies in Vietnam.

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Kumar M.K., Alok, Ashok V. Badakali, Bhuvaneshwari Yalamali, Ramesh Pol, and Raghavendra Vanaki. "Sociodemographic and Perinatal Factors Affecting Pneumonia: A Cross Sectional Study." Pediatric Education and Research 5, no. 1 (2017): 5–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.21088/per.2321.1644.5117.1.

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Jadoon, Mehreen, Iram Sarwar, Sadia Habib, Sumbul Gul, and Zahida Parveen. "VIRAL HEPATITIS AMONG PREGNANT WOMENS;." Professional Medical Journal 25, no. 04 (April 8, 2018): 480–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.29309/tpmj/18.4021.

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Dixit, Dr Umesh R. "Prescription Patterns for Common Acute Infections – A Cross Sectional Study." Indian Journal of Applied Research 4, no. 3 (October 1, 2011): 348–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.15373/2249555x/mar2014/107.

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Radhakrishna, Dr Veerabhadra. "Health Status of Traffic Police Personnel: A Cross-Sectional Study." Journal of Medical Science And clinical Research 04, no. 12 (December 29, 2016): 15075–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.18535/jmscr/v4i12.125.

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Siddharth Bharatbhai, Rajpura, and Desai Archish Ishvarbhai. "Metabolic Syndrome among Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome: A Cross Sectional Study." Indian Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 7, no. 1 (2019): 65–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.21088/ijog.2321.1636.7119.12.

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Salindri, Y., and A. Pradita. "Contributing Factors of Prenatal Visit K4 Donomulyo Public Health center in 2013." Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences 15, no. 5 (May 30, 2021): 1323–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs211551323.

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Background: In East Lampung, the rate of K4 in Several Primary Health Cares has exceeded 90% of National targetsDonomulyo; while in Primary Health Care, the rate of K4 achieved only 71.2%, with an increase dropped out the rate from 18.19% in 2010 to 21.69% in 2011. Aim: The study's objective was to determine K4 antenatal care is contributing factor in Donomulyo Primary Health Center in 2013. Method: The study was analytical cross-sectional research. The study's population was all third-trimester pregnant women in Donomulyo Primary Health Care's working area during July 2013, 76. The sampling technique in this study was total sampling, in which there were 48 samples, including full inclusion and exclusion criteria of the study. The Data was analyzed using frequentation distribution, chi-square, and double logistics regression. Result: 45% mother did not fully fill K4 antenatal visit, 33.3% of respondents were in risky age, the parity risky was 45.8%, 54.2% of respondents had low social status, 43.8% of respondents could not easily access health facilities, 41.7% of the respondents had low knowledge and 45.8% of the respondents thought that health worker's attitude was negative. The research found a significant correlation among maternal age (p value = 0.010 and OR = 6,600), parity (p value = 0.047 and OR = 3.938), economic status (p value = 0.001, OR = 10.125), access to health facilities (p value = 0.024, OR = 4.750), knowledge (p value = 0.011 and OR = 5,833), and health worker's attitude (p value = 0.047 and OR 3.938). Conclusion and Suggestion: Health providers must increase patient's knowledge by giving comprehensive counseling about the benefits of K4 antenatal visits and improving the quality of care to attract women to do antenatal visits, especially for high-risk women. Keywords: pregnancy, antenatal visits, K4

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Pandis, Nikolaos. "Cross-sectional studies." American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics 146, no. 1 (July 2014): 127–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajodo.2014.05.005.

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Wang, Xiaofeng, and Zhenshun Cheng. "Cross-Sectional Studies." Chest 158, no. 1 (July 2020): S65—S71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chest.2020.03.012.

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Sedgwick, P. "Cross sectional studies." BMJ 340, feb17 1 (February 17, 2010): c846. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.c846.

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Cvetković Vega, Aleksandar, Jorge L. Maguiña, Alonso Soto, Jaime Lama-Valdivia, and Lucy E. Correa López. "Cross-sectional studies." Revista de la Facultad de Medicina Humana 21, no. 1 (January 12, 2021): 164–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.25176/rfmh.v21i1.3069.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Cross-sectional study's'

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