Log in

Relevant bibliographies by topics / Crosslink agent / Journal articles

To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Crosslink agent.

Journal articles on the topic 'Crosslink agent'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 12 February 2022

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles

Select a source type:

Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic 'Crosslink agent.'

Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.

You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.

Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.

1

Xiong, Yun, Xu Zhang, and Ming Zhu Liu. "Effect of Crosslinker Type on the Properties of Surface-Crosslinked Poly(sodium acrylate) Superabsorbents." Advanced Materials Research 936 (June 2014): 89–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.936.89.

Full text

Abstract:

A series of poly (sodium acrylate) superabsorbents hydrogels were synthesized through aqueous solution using N,N-methylenebisacrylamide (NNMBA), pentaerythritol triacrylate (PETA), ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) and dimethyl diallyl ammonium chloride (DMDAAC) as crosslink agents separately to investigate the effect of crosslinker type on the properties of acrylic-based superabsorbents. Furthermore, the polymers were surface-crosslinked using trimethylolpropane triglycidyl ether to improve the properties of swollen hydrogel. The morphology of the samples was characterized by scanning el

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

2

Ahn, Byungkyu, Jong-Yeop Lee, Donghyuk Kim, Il Jin Kim, Sangwook Han, and Wonho Kim. "EFFECTS OF SILANE AGENTS AND CURING TEMPERATURES ON VULCANIZATE STRUCTURES." Rubber Chemistry and Technology 93, no. 2 (2019): 414–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.5254/rct.19.80445.

Full text

Abstract:

ABSTRACT Silane coupling agents are commonly used in silica-filled rubber compounds to hydrophobize the silica surface and improve filler–rubber interaction. The coupling agent bis[3-(triethoxysilyl)propyl]tetrasulfide (TESPT) is the most widely used coupling agent. The tetrasulfide is more reactive than the disulfide in bis[3-(triethoxysilyl)propyl]disulfide (TESPD) due to its low decomposition energy, resulting in more coupling reaction with rubber molecules. Meanwhile, vulcanization temperature affects chemical networks. Polysulfide is vulnerable to heat, so it can be easily broken to form

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

3

de Risi, F. R., and J. W. M. Noordermeer. "Effect of Methacrylate Co-Agents on Peroxide Cured PP/EPDM Thermoplastic Vulcanizates." Rubber Chemistry and Technology 80, no. 1 (2007): 83–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.5254/1.3548170.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract Thermoplastic vulcanizates (TPVs) have gained large technical and economic importance. TPVs are characterized by a chemically crosslinked rubber phase, embedded in a thermoplastic matrix, produced by dynamic vulcanization during mixing with the thermoplastic in its molten state. Methacrylate species are investigated as co-agents for peroxide vulcanization of polypropylene/ethylene-propylene-diene-rubber (PP/EPDM) TPVs, whereby the weight fraction of the EPDM is varied from 30, 50 to 70%. Ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EDMA), trimethylol propane trimethacrylate (TMPTMA, often referred

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

4

Kim, Do Young, Jae Woo Park, Dong Yun Lee, and Kwan Ho Seo. "Correlation between the Crosslink Characteristics and Mechanical Properties of Natural Rubber Compound via Accelerators and Reinforcement." Polymers 12, no. 9 (2020): 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12092020.

Full text

Abstract:

The extreme elasticity and reversible deformability of rubber, which is one of the most versatile polymers in modern society, is dependent on several factors, including the processing conditions, curing system, and types of additives used. Since the rubber’s mechanical properties are influenced by the existing structural crosslinks, their correlation with the crosslink characteristics of rubber was investigated using the equilibrium swelling theory of the Flory–Rehner equation and the rubber–filler interaction theory of the Kraus equation. Herein, we examined whether the accelerator and reinfo

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

5

Mu, Qiu Hong, Dan Peng, Feng Wang, Jin Hui Li, and Shuo Zhang. "Thermal Conductivity of Silicone Rubber Filled with Al₂O₃." Materials Science Forum 987 (April 2020): 59–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.987.59.

Full text

Abstract:

Crosslinker (polyvinylsilicone oil, C gum) and curing agent (2, 5-bis (tert-butyl peroxy)-2, 5-dimethyl hexane, DBPMH) were used to change the crosslink density of the thermal conductivity of silicone rubber filled with Al2O3. The results show that the thermal conductivity of silicone rubber changed with its degree of crosslinking. When the Al2O3 loading was 5 vol. % and a completely continuous conducting network had not formed, the thermal conductivity of the vulcanizates decreased with increasing crosslink density. The thermal conductivity of the vulcanizate with a suitable amount of C gum i

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

6

Wang, Yu F., and Hsien C. Wang. "New Technique to Quantitatively Characterize Crosslink Density in IR and Brominated Poly(Isobutylene-CO-Paramethyl Styrene) Blends." Rubber Chemistry and Technology 70, no. 4 (1997): 663–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.5254/1.3538452.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract The physical properties and application performance of rubber blends are highly dependent on the curing behavior of blend components, morphology, and network structure. Crosslink density or molecular weight between crosslinks characterizes the network structure. It is desirable to develop correlations between product attributes, such as flex, ozone resistance, and permeability with crosslink density of the individual phase in the blend. This will aid developing high performance rubber blends via curative systems, elastomer components and concentration, bromine composition distribution

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

7

Rajan, V. V., W. K. Dierkes, J. W. M. Noordermeer, and R. Joseph. "Comparative Investigation on the Reclamation of NR Based Latex Products with Amines and Disulfides." Rubber Chemistry and Technology 78, no. 5 (2005): 855–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.5254/1.3547918.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract The latex industry has expanded over the years to meet the world demands for gloves, condoms, latex thread, etc. Due to the strict specifications for the products and the unstable nature of the latex, as high as 15% of the final latex products are rejected. Since waste latex rubber (WLR) represents a source of high quality rubber hydrocarbon, it is a potential candidate for generating reclaimed rubber of superior quality. In the present investigation, two reclaiming agents for WLR vulcanizates were studied in a thermo-mechanical reclaiming process. Parameters investigated were the con

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

8

González, L., A. Rodríguez, A. del Campo, and A. Marcos-Fernández. "Some Aspects on the Crosslink Reaction of Natural Rubber with Dipentamethylene Thiuram Tetrasulfide." Rubber Chemistry and Technology 73, no. 1 (2000): 89–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.5254/1.3547583.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract The mechanism of vulcanization of natural rubber with the sulfurating agent dipentamethylene thiuram was studied. On the transformation from crosslink precursor to crosslink, the route via disproportionation is preferred. In the presence or absence of zinc oxide and stearic acid as activators, the formation of the crosslink precursor follows similar processes, while the main difference is in the reaction induction times. In addition, the desulfuration reaction was favored by the presence of zinc oxide.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

9

Zeng, Nian, Jian Jun Xie, and Chu Ding. "Properties of the Soy Protein Isolate/PVAc Latex Blend Adhesives." Advanced Materials Research 550-553 (July 2012): 1103–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.550-553.1103.

Full text

Abstract:

Soybean proteins have shown great potential for use as renewable, environmentally friendly adhesives. In this research, poly(vinyl acetate)(PVAc) latex and some auxiliary agent were used to modify soy protein isolate(SPI). The chemical microstructure of the adhesives was obtained by means of Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FTIR). The influence factors of the bonding strength and the water resistance of SPI adhesive were studied by different mass ratios of the SPI and PVAc latex, the blending time and the crosslink time. A better synthesis condition is as follow, the mass concentration

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

10

Shan, Cengliang, Ye Wang, Jun Nie, and Yong He. "Sulfonic Containing Polymer Bead Synthesized through Inverse Suspension Polymerization and Its Characteristics for Esterification Catalyst." Advances in Polymer Technology 2019 (May 2, 2019): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/4854620.

Full text

Abstract:

The sulfonic containing polymer bead was synthesized using sodium p-styrenesulfonate (SSS) and N,N′-methylenebisacrylamide (MBA) through inverse suspension polymerization and evaluated as catalyst for esterification of of n-octanol and acrylic acid. The influence of some principal factors, such as combination dispersant, crosslink agent content, posttreatment methods, and porogen types, was investigated in detail. The results showed that the morphology and characteristics of polymer beads were controllable. The polymer beads with 20wt% crosslink agent showed the best catalysis ability achievin

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

11

Gonzalez-de los Santos, Eduardo A., Florentino Soriano-Corral, Ma Josefina Lozano-Gonzalez, and Rodrigo Cedillo-Garcia. "Devulcanization of Guayule Rubber by Ultrasound." Rubber Chemistry and Technology 72, no. 5 (1999): 854–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.5254/1.3538837.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract The present study describes the effect of ultrasonic irradiation on vulcanized guayule rubber using 1 to 3.5 parts per hundred of rubber (phr) of sulfur as the crosslink agent. The effect on crosslink density, gel fraction, torque and glass transition temperature was measured. After exposure to different powers of ultrasonic irradiation, the devulcanization effect was evident on the guayule rubber samples.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

12

Ning, Xiao Long, Qiang Xu, and Gui You Wang. "Synthesis, Characterization and Dynamic Mechanical Property of PU Elastomers with Cross-Linked Hard Segments." Advanced Materials Research 197-198 (February 2011): 1205–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.197-198.1205.

Full text

Abstract:

A series of cross-linked polyurethane(PU) elastomer samples with various crosslink density were synthesized from polyether diol(PPG2000), 4,4’-diphenylmethane diisocyanate(MDI), 1,4-butanediol(BDO) , trimethylolpropane (TMP) and glycerin. The cross-linking density of the PU elastomers was calculated by Flory–Rehner equation. The degree of hydrogen bonding, the microstructure and the morphologies of these PU materials were characterized by means of FT-IR, DSC and DMA. The experimental results showed that the PU elastomers containing a small amount of crosslink agent ( TMP or glycerin ) may make

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

13

Dijkhuis, K. A. J., I. Babu, J. S. Lopulissa, J. W. M. Noordermeer, and W. K. Dierkes. "A Mechanistic Approach to EPDM Devulcanization." Rubber Chemistry and Technology 81, no. 2 (2008): 190–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.5254/1.3548204.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract The extensive utilization of rubber in a wide variety of products causes a problem in terms of waste. Reclaiming of end-of-life products or production scrap is a potential solution. A high quality reclaim would preferably be obtained by devulcanization, to leave the polymer chains intact. Reclaiming of natural rubber is common practice, although the fundamental knowledge about de- and re-crosslinking is rather limited. EPDM-based rubber is even more unexplored in terms of reclaiming and re-utilization. This paper gives a mechanistic insight into the thermal reclaiming of two different

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

14

Ogunniyi, D. S. "A Novel System for Crosslinking Fluoroelastomers." Rubber Chemistry and Technology 61, no. 5 (1988): 735–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.5254/1.3536215.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract The use of HBTBP as a crosslinking agent in fluoroelastomers has been reported. HBTBP was found to be especially suitable for FKM-G polymer, and the mechanism of crosslink formation in this fluoroelastomer was investigated. Compounding studies, swelling measurements, solvent extraction, and nitrogen tests have been used to tentatively shed light on the crosslinking mechanism. The results of these tests were used to propose mechanisms of crosslink formation occurring through a combination of: (i) radical abstraction of the methylenic hydrogen in FKM-G and crosslink formation through th

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

15

Yung, Tung-Yuan, Yu-Chun Lu, Jeng-Shiung Chen, Yu-Wei Cheng, Ting-Yu Liu, and Po-Tuan Chen. "Reinforcement of Epoxy Resin by Additives of Amine-Functionalized Graphene Nanosheets." Coatings 11, no. 1 (2020): 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings11010035.

Full text

Abstract:

In this study, graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets were modified with an amine functional group to obtain amine-functionalized graphene (AMG) nanosheets and then blended with the aniline curing agent of bisphenol-A (BPA) epoxy resin to crosslink BPA epoxy resin. The AMG-blended curing agent and BPA epoxy resin formed an intermolecular hydrogen bond that was stronger than the π–π stacking force between benzene rings of graphene nanosheets. Therefore, AMG nanosheets exhibited excellent dispersion in the aniline curing agent. The amine group of AMG-blended curing agents and the epoxy functional group

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

16

Rahayu, Premy, Purwadi Purwadi, Lilik Radiati, and Abdul Manab. "Physico Chemical Properties of Whey Protein and Gelatine Biopolymer Using Tea Leaf Extract as Crosslink Materials." Current Research in Nutrition and Food Science Journal 3, no. 3 (2015): 224–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.12944/crnfsj.3.3.06.

Full text

Abstract:

The purpose of this research was to extract tea leaf phenols using Microwave Assisted Extraction (MAE) method at 3 levels of microwave power (high, medium high and medium) and investigated the influence of physco chemical properties of whey protein and gelatine biopolymer using tea leaf extract as crosslink materials at different concentration (5%, 10% and 15% (v/v)). MAE method gave significantly effect on phenolic content. High level power of MAE gave higher phenolic content of tea leaves extracts. Tea leaves extracts as crosslinked agent of biopolymer gave highly significant effect on the s

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

17

Gabino, Alessandra de Alencar Padua, Cléverson Fernandes Senra Gabriel, Ana Maria Furtado de Sousa, Cristina Russi Guimarães Furtado, and Bluma Guenther Soares. "Evaluation of silane effect as a coupling agent for metakaolin." Journal of Elastomers & Plastics 52, no. 7 (2019): 593–608. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0095244319877667.

Full text

Abstract:

This study aimed at evaluating the coupling effect of silane Si69 bis(triethoxysilylpropyl)tetrasulfide in metakaolin (MK) in automobile tire tread compounds based on a styrene–butadiene rubber/butadiene rubber blend. A reference compound of a typical tread recipe, filled with silica and carbon black, was used as a reference due to the acknowledged effect of TESPT in silica incorporation in elastomers. A silica sample without silane was also prepared. Silica was then completely substituted by MK, producing two samples, with and without silane. The samples were tested for crosslink density, rhe

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

18

Movahedi, Alireza, Angelica Lundin, Nina Kann, Magnus Nydén, and Kasper Moth-Poulsen. "Cu(i) stabilizing crosslinked polyethyleneimine." Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 17, no. 28 (2015): 18327–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5cp02198g.

Full text

Abstract:

With the aim to regulate the coordination environment of Cu(i) and Cu(ii) ions, we have prepared a triazole dialdehyde crosslinking agent with ‘soft’ coordination that can crosslink PEIviaindirect reductive amination.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

19

Sahoo, Suchismita, and Anil K. Bhowmick. "Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxane (POSS) Nanoparticles as New Crosslinking Agent for Functionalized Rubber." Rubber Chemistry and Technology 80, no. 5 (2007): 826–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.5254/1.3539419.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract Polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) was synthesized with hydroxyl functional groups and the nanoparticles were characterized by infrared spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy. They were found to have an average diameter of 50 nm.The effect of these synthesized POSS nanoparticles as curing agent on fluorocarbon rubber (FKM) and carboxylated nitrile rubber (XNBR) was studied with special reference to mechanical, dynamic mechanical properties and swelling behavior. The hydroxyl groups of the POSS nanoparticles were observed to effectively crosslink FKM and XNBR, which

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

20

Jana, G. K., and C. K. Das. "Devulcanization of Automobile Scrap Tyres by a Mechanochemical Process." Progress in Rubber, Plastics and Recycling Technology 21, no. 4 (2005): 319–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/147776060502100405.

Full text

Abstract:

The de-vulcanization of rubber waste poses a challenging economical, environmental and social problem. We propose a new de-vulcanization process to re-use the rubber waste. It is a mechano-chemical process (MCP), where the waste is de-vulcanized by a combination of mechanical shearing, heat (110 °C) and the use of a de-vulcanizing agent (diallyl disulfide). A new look at the de-vulcanization mechanism and the influence of the de-vulcanizing agent on the mechanical properties of the ultimate re-vulcanized rubber is also presented. One of the most interesting observations is that the retention o

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

21

Pani Sellivam, Ramyah Kalai Chelvie, Salmah Husseinsyah, Teh Pei Leng, Marliza Mosthapa Zakaria, and Hanafi Ismail. "Effect of Phthalic Anhydride Content on Properties of Soy Protein Isolate/Kapok Husk Biofilm." Applied Mechanics and Materials 754-755 (April 2015): 176–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.754-755.176.

Full text

Abstract:

Soy protein isolate (SPI)/kapok husk (KH) based biofilms were prepared by casting method. The effect of phthalic anhydride (PA) content on tensile properties and morphology were studied. The PA was use as a crosslink agent. It was found that the increasing PA content have increased the tensile strength and modulus of elasticity of biofilms, whereas the elongation at break decreased. At 1.5 % of PA showed the highest tensile strength and modulus of elasticity of crosslink biofilms. The morphology study indicates the crosslinking with PA improved the interfacial interaction between KH and SPI ma

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

22

Pellicioli, L., S. K. Mowdood, F. Negroni, D. D. Parker, and J. L. Koenig. "Solid State 13C NMR Applied to Styrene-Butadiene Rubbers Study of the Rubber Vulcanized Network Structures." Rubber Chemistry and Technology 75, no. 1 (2002): 65–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.5254/1.3547673.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract This paper discusses the structural changes that occur during the accelerated sulfur vulcanization of styrene-butadiene rubbers (SBR) through characterization of the network sulfide structures influenced by the curing agent concentration, the polymer microstructure, and the nature of the filler. Magic angle spinning (MAS) 13C FT - NMR spectroscopy was used to investigate the chemical crosslink properties of unfilled vulcanized SBR in addition to carbon black and silica filled polybutadiene rubber (BR), SBR, and 1:1 BR / SBR blends. New resonances in the 13C NMR spectrum are assigned t

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

23

Pongmuksuwan, Pornlada, Wanlop Harnnarongchai, and Soratorn Katabunyanont. "Influence of Temperature, Time and Crosslinking Agent on Structure and Properties of Polyurethane Gel." Key Engineering Materials 856 (August 2020): 253–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.856.253.

Full text

Abstract:

Polyurethane (PU) gel was synthesized based on methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (MDI) and polyols corporation with 1,1,1-Tris(hydroxymethyl)propane (TMP) as a crosslinking agent. The chemical structure of synthesized polyurethane gel was investigated using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The effects of curing temperature, curing time, and crosslinking concentration on the degree of swelling, gel content and hardness of polyurethane gel are investigated. In addition, the crosslink density and average molecular weight between crosslinking points were determined using the Flory-Reh

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

24

Yue, Hang Bo, Ying De Cui, Guo Qiang Yin, Zhen Yu Jia, and Lie Wen Liao. "Environment-Friendly Cottonseed Protein Bioplastics: Preparation and Properties." Advanced Materials Research 311-313 (August 2011): 1518–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.311-313.1518.

Full text

Abstract:

A novel class of environmentally friendly protein-based bioplastics—cottonseed protein plastic sheets (CP-sheets)—were prepared by compression molding in the presence of cottonseed flour as main raw material, aldehydes as crosslink agent and glycerol as plasticizer. FTIR, TGA, tensile tests and water uptake measurements were applied to characterize the structure, thermal stability, mechanical properties and water absorption of the CP-sheets. It was found that the crosslinked CP-sheets (CP-FA, CP-GX and CP-GA) showed higher thermal stability and tensile properties, less water uptake than the CP

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

25

Wang, Dai Qi, and Bin Yan. "Foamed Buffer Material Made from Fibers of Old Newspaper." Applied Mechanics and Materials 423-426 (September 2013): 395–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.423-426.395.

Full text

Abstract:

The foamed plastics are not bio-degradable and not readily recyclable. How to substitute new foamed buffer materials with lower pollution for foamed plastics became a popular research topic. The paper discussed the effects of microwave power, natural bonding agent, lubricating agent and crosslink agent on foamed buffer material with fibers of old newspaper and inorganic foaming agent. The result showed that increasing of microwave power could be beneficial to decrease the molded time and density of foamed buffer material with fibers of old newspaper. The best foamed properties were achieved wi

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

26

Manleh, Chanida, Charoen Nakason, Natinee Lopattananon, and Azizon Kaesaman. "Effect of Sulfur Donor on Properties of Thermoplastic Vulcanizates Based on NR/PP." Advanced Materials Research 626 (December 2012): 54–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.626.54.

Full text

Abstract:

Thermoplastic vulcanizates based on natural rubber and polypropylene blend (NR/PP) was prepared via dynamic vulcanization by melt mixing process at 180°C and a rotor speed of 60 rpm. Three types of vulcanizing agent (i.e., Tetramethyl thiuram disulfide (TMTD), 4,4 Dithiodimorpholine (DTDM) and Dipentamethylene thiuram tetrasulfide (Tetrone A)) were used to cure the rubber phase of NR/PP blends. Influence loading levels of sulfur donor at 1, 2 and 3 phr on dynamic properties and crosslink density were studied. The result showed that the dynamically cured NR/PP blends with Tetrone A gave higher

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

27

Smith, S. R., and J. L. Koenig. "Solid-State Carbon-13 NMR Studies of Vulcanized Elastomers. IX. TMTD-Vulcanized cis-1,4-Polybutadiene at 75.5 MHz." Rubber Chemistry and Technology 65, no. 1 (1992): 176–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.5254/1.3538598.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract The results of the present study indicate that, for the most part, the variety of C-S bonded structures formed in TMTD-vulcanized cis-BR qualitatively parallel those found in sulfur-cured vulcanizates of the material. Key exceptions include the demonstrated existence of stable rubber-bound accelerator fragments, and the possible elimination of select intramolecular cyclic species. Cis-to-trans isomerization has again been shown to be the predominant feature of the vulcanization reaction sequence and seems to obey first-order kinetics with respect to the concentration of accelerator. W

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

28

Madkour, Tarek M., and Rasha A. Azzam. "Influence of Crosslink Characteristics Induced by Aromatic-Based Antioxidants on the Swelling and Stress-Strain Behavior of Natural Rubber Vulcanizates." Rubber Chemistry and Technology 76, no. 2 (2003): 334–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.5254/1.3547747.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract Stress-strain measurements were performed on dry and swollen natural rubber vulcanizates prepared using both sulfur as the crosslinking agent and aromatic-based bound antioxidants acting as a second crosslinking agent. The aromatic-based antioxidants were synthesized and analyzed spectroscopically in order to relate the final behavior of the vulcanizates to the nature of the crosslink characteristics. The anomalous upturn in the modulus values of these networks in response to the imposed stress was shown to persist in the dry as well as the swollen state. Since the swollen elastomeric

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

29

ZHAO, LIJIAO, RUGANG ZHONG, and YAN ZHEN. "AN ONIOM STUDY ON THE CROSSLINKED BASE PAIRS IN DNA REACTED WITH CHLOROETHYLNITROSOUREAS." Journal of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry 06, no. 03 (2007): 631–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219633607003283.

Full text

Abstract:

Chloroethylnitrosoureas (CENUs) are clinically useful anticancer agents. Their cytotoxicity is associated with the generation of DNA interstrand crosslinks. QM/MM computations are carried out to investigate DNA crosslinks by CENUs with ONIOM hybrid method. The crosslinked DNA are subdivided into three layers, each of which are described at B3LYP/6-311+G(d,p), AM1, and UFF level of theory, respectively. The result shows that the deformation of DNA with dG ( N 1)– dC ( N 3) crosslink is much less than the other crosslinks, which indicate that the most favorable crosslink is between the N1 atom o

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

30

Chaochanchaikul, Kantima, and Wanlop Harnnarongchai. "Influence of Multifunctional Monomers on Gamma Irradiated Polylactic Acid." Applied Mechanics and Materials 804 (October 2015): 59–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.804.59.

Full text

Abstract:

The aim of this work was to compare and discuss the influence of multifunctional monomers as crosslinking agent (Triallyl Isocyanurate; TAIC) and chain extender (Joncryl ADR4368) on the gamma irradiated Polylactic acid (PLA). The modified PLA samples with varying amount of TAIC and Joncryl were characterized by observing the molecular characteristics and mechanical properties. The results showed that irradiated PLA had lower average molar mass and mechanical properties compared to non-irradiated PLA due to irradiation induced chain scission. Gel content was observed and increased with increasi

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

31

López Manchado, Miguel A., and José M. Kenny†. "Use of Benzene-1,3-Bis(Sulfonyl)Azide as Crosslinking Agent of TPVs Based on EPDM Rubber—Polyolefin Blends." Rubber Chemistry and Technology 74, no. 2 (2001): 198–210. http://dx.doi.org/10.5254/1.3544944.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract The use of innovative crosslinking agents for the preparation of thermoplastic vulcanizates (TPVs) is investigated. In this preliminary study, the most common TPV systems, based on polypropylene (iPP) and ethylene—propylene—diene terpolymer rubber (EPDM) blends, are studied. Among typical vulcanization agents, only the peroxides are able to crosslink saturated elastomers, however, they present the disadvantage that give rise to chain scission of the thermoplastic matrix. For this reason, the main goal of the present study is to investigate a new vulcanization agent for elastomeric mat

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

32

Nitanan, T., Prasert Akkaramongkolporn, Theerasak Rojanarata, Tanasait Ngawhirunpat, and Praneet Opanasopit. "Effect of Crosslinking Time on Ion Exchange Capacity of Polystyrene Nanofiber Ion Exchangers." Advanced Materials Research 506 (April 2012): 437–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.506.437.

Full text

Abstract:

In this study, polystyrene nanofiber ion exchangers (PSNIE) were successfully prepared by a new method comprising of electrospinning and the subsequent crosslinking with formaldehyde and sulfonation in sulfuric acid to create the cation exchange functionality on the fibers surfaces. The PS solution at 15% w/v in dimethylacetamide (DMAc) produced the smallest PS nanofibers (399±38 nm) with good performance. The degree of crosslink and ion exchange capacity (IEC) of PSNIE depended upon the crosslinking time. The longer crosslinking time caused the greater crosslinked PS fibers. At the longest cr

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

33

Kurniasih, Mardiyah, Nurul Hidayat Aprilita, and Indriana Kartini. "SINTESIS DAN KARAKTERISASI CROSSLINK KITOSAN DENGAN TRIPOLIFOSFAT pH 3." Molekul 6, no. 1 (2011): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.20884/1.jm.2011.6.1.86.

Full text

Abstract:

Chitosan is polycationic in acidic media and can interact with negatively charged species such as tripolyphosphate (TPP), which is a nontoxic crosslinking agent. The synthesis of TPP crosslinked chitosan was perfomed by reacting TPP solution (pH 3) with chitosan solution. The aim of this study was to prepared and characterize the crosslinked chitosan-tripolyphosphate samples. Characterization included determination of water and ash degree, moreover crosslinked chitosan-tripolyphosphate powder characterize with FTIR and XRD spectroscopy. The result showed that process efficiency of crosslinked

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

34

Song, Ying, Siqi Wu, Ya-nan Wang, Yudan Yi, Yunhang Zeng, and Bi Shi. "Visualization of Penetration and Reaction of Aldehyde Tanning Agent in Leather using Fluorescence Technique." Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association 115, no. 7 (2020): 248–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.34314/jalca.v115i7.3835.

Full text

Abstract:

Penetration and reaction of tanning agents in leather greatly influence tanning performance and leather quality. Aldehyde tanning agents are widely used in leather manufacture, but their penetration and reaction in leather cannot be detected easily. Considering the fact that aldehyde can form a fluorescent Schiff base with amino groups of collagen, we visualized the distribution and reactivity of typical aldehyde tanning agents in leather during tanning process using a fluorescence microscope. The results showed that glutaraldehyde in leather was easily observed under the fluorescein isothiocy

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

35

Saiwari, Sitisaiyidah, Eman Lohyi, and Charoen Nakason. "Application of NR Gloves Reclaim: Cure and Mechanical Properties of NR/Reclaim Rubber Blends." Advanced Materials Research 844 (November 2013): 437–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.844.437.

Full text

Abstract:

Reclamation of waste natural rubber gloves is carried out by mechano-chemical process using MBTS as reclaiming agent. The reclaim rubber is later blended with a virgin natural rubber at various blend ratios. The cure behavior and mechanical properties of the re-vulcanized blends are evaluated in comparison to the properties profile of the virgin materials. A significant increase in re-vulcanization rate is observed with increasing reclaim rubber contents. This property is most likely a consequence of the presence of active functional sites in the reclaim rubber. Additionally, the maximum torqu

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

36

Tao, Guo Liang, Yan Ping Xia, Hao Ran Gen, Jian Yang, and Wei Wang. "Influence of TMTD on Cross-Linking Degradation of the Waste Tire Rubber." Key Engineering Materials 732 (March 2017): 43–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.732.43.

Full text

Abstract:

The paper studied the thermal mechanical shearing of waste tire rubber (WTR) by tetra methyl thiuram disulfide (TMTD), a reclaiming agent. The results showed that the mooney viscosity, gel content and crosslink density of the WTR decreased with the increasing TMTD amount. The mechanical properties of recycled rubber were best in the amount of 1% TMTD, which could reach 14MPa and 368%, respectively. The molecular weight of WTR was analyzed by gel permeation chromatorgraphy (GPC). The molecular weight of rubber dropped more faster when the content of TMTD from 0.5% to 1%. The plausible reaction

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

37

Zhao, Ying Zi, Zi Yu Zhu, Zhi Gang Zhong, He Yun Guo, and Xu Wang. "Study on Nonionic Surfactant Gel Fracturing Fluid." Materials Science Forum 847 (March 2016): 532–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.847.532.

Full text

Abstract:

Two kinds of nonionic surfactants were synthesized to configure fracturing fluid that can make up for the inadequacy of cationic surface active agent which has damage to the formation. The effect of the surfactant concentration on the apparent viscosity was discussed in this paper. The shear resistance, heat resistant, sand-carrying performance and gel breaking of the fracturing fluid were evaluated as well. It was shown that 2% of the surface active agent which was synthesized by oleic acid could crosslink in aqueous solution with the help of cosurfactant, and the viscosity could remain in 40

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

38

Silitonga, Romaya Sitha, Nurul Widiastuti, Juhana Jaafar, et al. "The Modification of PVDF Membrane via Crosslinking with Chitosan and Glutaraldehyde as the Crosslinking Agent." Indonesian Journal of Chemistry 18, no. 1 (2018): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/ijc.25127.

Full text

Abstract:

Poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) has outstanding properties such as high thermal stability, resistance to acid solvents and good mechanical strength. Due to its properties, PVDF is widely used as a membrane matrix. However, PVDF membrane is hydrophobic properties, so as for specific applications, the surface of membrane needs to be modified to become hydrophilic. This research aims to modify PVDF membrane surface with chitosan and glutaraldehyde as a crosslinker agent. The FTIR spectra showed that the modified membrane has a peak at 1655 cm-1, indicating the imine group (–N=C)- that was formed

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

39

Yi, Qin, Hui Li Fan, Jie Min Liu, and Pei Pei Jia. "Preparation of Silicone-Modified Polyester Resin for Colored Steel Sheet." Advanced Materials Research 534 (June 2012): 3–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.534.3.

Full text

Abstract:

The coating resources for colored steel sheet using silicone-modified polyester resin were prepared and developed in order to fit rapid development of colored sheet industry in this paper. The dose of crosslink agent, pigment binder ratio, pigment, the dose of catalyst dispersant, antifoaming agent, surfactants were investigated by testing the performance of adhesion, rigidity (H) and MEK-resistance. Compared with commercially available resin SM3911, the flexibility of the coating has been gradually improved, T bends finally reached 0T, and can made colored steel sheet having an excellent proc

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

40

Coughlan, M. T., J. M. Forbes, and M. E. Cooper. "Role of the AGE crosslink breaker, alagebrium, as a renoprotective agent in diabetes." Kidney International 72 (August 2007): S54—S60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.ki.5002387.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

41

Sulistiawati, Yanti Rusyanti, Ina Hendiani, Mas Rizky Anggun Adipurna Syamsunarno, and Zavani Nur Hikmah. "Effect of 0.1% Genipin as a Crosslinking Agent to Degradability of Platelet Rich Fibrin (PRF)." Key Engineering Materials 829 (December 2019): 258–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.829.258.

Full text

Abstract:

Platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) was developed as a barrier membrane in periodontal regenerative therapy. It is known that PRF has a sustained released of growth factor and expected to facilitate the tissue regeneration. Since the PRF membranes have a rapid degradability (1-2 weeks), the regenerative therapy using a PRF membrane should be increased to reduce the degradability using a crosslinking agent which could provide resistance against enzymatic degradation. The aim of this study is to analyze the effect of 0.1% genipin as a crosslinking agent to degradability of PRF. PRF membranes were prepare

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

42

Zhang, Tao, Jinxing Cao, Xiaojun Wang, Ling Zhang, and Yuncan Zhang. "INFLUENCES OF PROCESS VARIABLES AND SUBCRITICAL FLUIDS ON EPDM-ASSISTED DEVULCANIZATION OF SBR-BASED GROUND TIRE RUBBER." Rubber Chemistry and Technology 91, no. 2 (2018): 401–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.5254/rct.18.81688.

Full text

Abstract:

ABSTRACT The devulcanization reaction of SBR-based ground tire rubber (GTR) in GTR/EPDM blend was investigated through a co-rotating twin-screw extruder by increasing the screw rotation speed in the presence of subcritical fluids (water, ethanol, and propanol). The influences of the screw rotation speed, the promoting agents, and temperature were investigated. The results show that subcritical fluid, which is a swelling agent and reaction medium, promotes the devulcanization reaction, increases the selectivity of crosslink breakage, keeps the extrusion material from oxidative degradation, redu

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

43

Pingot, Martyna, Tomasz Pingot, Magdalena Maciejewska, and Marian Zaborski. "The Influence of Nanostructured Metal Oxides and Unsaturated Acids on Peroxide Cross-Linking of Ethylene-Octene Rubber." Materials Science Forum 714 (March 2012): 271–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.714.271.

Full text

Abstract:

This paper deals with blends of ethylene-octene rubber (POE) with nanostructured metal oxides: magnesium oxide (MgO), calcium oxide (CaO), zinc oxide (ZnO) and unsaturated acids: itaconic acid (IA), sorbic acid (SA) and crotonic acid (CA), as co-agents. Dicumyl peroxide (DCP) was used as a vulcanizing agent. Elastomer composites were prepared in Brabender measuring mixer N50. Rheometric properties of rubber mixes and crosslink density of vulcanizates were measured. Mechanical properties of the samples were also investigated. Dispersion degree of coagents in elastomer matrix was studied by SEM

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

44

Ou, Yapeng, Yalun Sun, and Qingjie Jiao. "Properties related to linear and branched network structure of hydroxyl terminated polybutadiene." e-Polymers 18, no. 3 (2018): 267–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/epoly-2017-0223.

Full text

Abstract:

AbstractThe correlation between properties and the network structure of hydroxyl terminated polybutadiene (HTPB) based polyurethanes (PUs) was studied through linear and branched structure polymer matrixes formed by toluene diisocyanate (TDI) and an aliphatic polyisocyanate curing agent (N100). The curing reactions were monitored using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and viscosity build-up. The swelling capacity of PUs decreased with the increase of crosslink density with a stable solubility parameter according to the equilibrium swelling test. Tensile properties of PUs cured by TDI an

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

45

Alvarado, Abraham G., Andres Ortega, Lourdes A. Pérez-Carrillo, et al. "Synthesis, Characterization, and Drug Delivery from pH- and Thermoresponsive Poly(N-Isopropylacrylamide)/Chitosan Core/Shell Nanocomposites Made by Semicontinuous Heterophase Polymerization." Journal of Nanomaterials 2017 (2017): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/6796412.

Full text

Abstract:

Temperature- and pH-responsive core/shell nanoparticles were prepared by semicontinuous heterophase polymerization of N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPA) in the presence of chitosan micelles for drug delivery purposes. Micelles of chitosan, formed in an acetic acid aqueous solution at 70°C containing potassium persulfate, were fed with N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPA) at a controlled rate, to produce PNIPA/chitosan core/shell nanoparticles of about 350 nm. Then, the crosslinking agent, glutaraldehyde, was added to crosslink the nanoparticles. These nanocomposites were temperature- and pH-responsive, whic

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

46

Hejna, Aleksander, Józef Haponiuk, Łukasz Piszczyk, Marek Klein, and Krzysztof Formela. "Performance properties of rigid polyurethane-polyisocyanurate/brewers’ spent grain foamed composites as function of isocyanate index." e-Polymers 17, no. 5 (2017): 427–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/epoly-2017-0012.

Full text

Abstract:

AbstractIn the presented work, rigid polyurethane-polyisocyanurate (PUR-PIR) foams filled with brewers’ spent grain (BSG) were prepared. The influence of the isocyanate index (II) on its performance was investigated. Foams obtained with higher isocyanate index required a higher amount of hydrofluorocarbon physical blowing agent to provide the same apparent density of material. An increase of isocyanate index resulted in a slight decrease of cell size, which was related to the increased crosslink density due to enhanced generation of allophanate and biuret groups. Deterioration of compressive s

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

47

Schotman, A. H. M., P. J. C. van Haeren, A. J. M. Weber, et al. "Studies on a New Antireversion Agent for Sulfur Vulcanization of Diene Rubbers." Rubber Chemistry and Technology 69, no. 5 (1996): 727–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.5254/1.3538397.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract The mechanism of biscitraconimides (BCI) as antireversion agents for sulfur vulcanized diene rubber was investigated choosing squalene as a model substrate. Curing of squalene with sulfur in the presence of accelerator, activator and BCI at 170°C gave BCI bridged adducts. The products were identified by spectroscopic methods as being results of a Diels-Alder reaction of BCI (dienophile) with conjugated polyenes that are formed as a result of reversion. The rate at which the sulfur network degrades is comparable to the rate in which BCI adduct is formed. As a result of this, a nearly c

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

48

Udomsom, Suruk, Ukrit Mankong, Pathinan Paengnakorn, and Nipon Theera-Umpon. "Novel Rapid Protein Coating Technique for Silicon Photonic Biosensor to Improve Surface Morphology and Increase Bioreceptor Density." Coatings 11, no. 5 (2021): 595. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings11050595.

Full text

Abstract:

Silicon photonic devices with either silicon or silicon nitride waveguides have increasingly been used in many applications besides communications, especially as sensors in label-free biosensing, where guided light signals are affected by biorecognition molecules immobilized on the surface. The coating of protein (i.e., bioreceptors) by biochemical process on the waveguide surface is a crucial step in creating a functionalized device that can be used for biosensing. As a conventional method that uses 3-aminopropryltriethoxysilane (APTES) and glutaraldehyde (GA), the APTES-GA method has the lim

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

49

Xu, Yun Hui, and Li Chen. "Characterization on Aggregating Structure of Aloe Extract Crosslinked Cotton Fabric." Advanced Materials Research 311-313 (August 2011): 1132–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.311-313.1132.

Full text

Abstract:

For exploiting the multifunctional ecological cotton textile products and developing the green modified technology for cotton fabrics, a novel cotton fabric with aloe extract crosslinking was prepared using citric acid as a crosslink agent under the pad-dry-cure procedure. Scanning electron microscopic photographs showed that the modification with aloe extract occurred on the surface of cotton fabric. FT-IR spectra of the modified fabric illuminated that aloe extract crosslinked with cotton fabric through the bridge linkage of citric acid after a series of reaction. The wide angle X-ray diffra

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

50

Zhou, Xiao Hua, Ying Li Wang, and Xia Li Su. "Optimal Study of Co-Immobilized GOD/CAT on Cross-Linked Chitosan Microsphere Containing L-Lysine." Advanced Materials Research 236-238 (May 2011): 926–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.236-238.926.

Full text

Abstract:

Glucose oxidase (GOD) and catalase (CAT) were co-immobilized on the cross-linked chitosan microsphere containing L-Lysine (CCL) by the method of absorption-crosslink, with cross-linking agent of glutaraldehyde. The optimized conditions of the co-immobilization are as follows: activity ratio of GOD and CAT is 0.78:1, concentration of glutaraldehyde is 0.17mmol/L, and the immobilizing process last for 3 hours. The enzyme activity of co-immobilized enzyme is 15.3U/mg and activity recovery is 50.1%. The half life is 231 days, 2.4 times of immobilized GOD.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

We offer discounts on all premium plans for authors whose works are included in thematic literature selections. Contact us to get a unique promo code!