Academic literature on the topic 'Crotch curve'
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Journal articles on the topic "Crotch curve"
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Gu, Bingfei, Wenping Lin, Junqiang Su, and Bugao Xu. "Predicting distance ease distributions on crotch curves of customized female pants." International Journal of Clothing Science and Technology 29, no. 1 (March 6, 2017): 47–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijcst-11-2015-0122.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to focus on solving a fit problem associated with female pants by taking into account the body shape of crotch curves. The patterns of customized pants could be altered with the distance ease (DE) distribution along the crotch curve. Design/methodology/approach Four pairs of pants with different crotch ease allowances were designed based on a standard mannequin, and used to study how the DE was distributed along the crotch curve at a given ease allowance. The unclothed mannequin and the four pants, which were dressed, respectively, on the mannequin, were scanned consecutively by a body imaging system. The crotch curve of the unclothed mannequin was superimposed on that of each clothed mannequin to exhibit the differences in radial distance so that the DE distribution could be measured. Findings Through the regression analysis, the prediction models were established to express the relationships between the DE and the ease allowance. These models could be used to estimate the DEs along a crotch curve to reflect its asymmetrical shape when a total allowance was selected. The crotch curves on the pant patterns could be then modified by adding the predicted DEs to the scanned crotch curve. Originality/value This study demonstrated a new pattern alteration approach to achieve a better fit for customized female pants based on the 3D scanning data. This approach can be extended to pattern alterations for men’s pants and other shape-critical products.
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Zhang, Zhuo, and Li Ping Qiao. "Affect the Comfort of Pants Crotch Curve Analysis of the Factors." Applied Mechanics and Materials 477-478 (December 2013): 359–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.477-478.359.
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This paper discusses the impact of pants crotch bend comfort factor. From the structure of the aptamer of pants, trousers fabric scalability and style shape, technology and other aspects of analysis, and propose effective improvements pants crotch bend comfort measures.
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Lee, Heeran, Kyunghi Hong, and Yejin Lee. "Development of 3D patterns for functional outdoor pants based on skin length deformation during movement." International Journal of Clothing Science and Technology 29, no. 2 (April 18, 2017): 148–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijcst-08-2016-0090.
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Purpose The seams of slim fit outdoor pants can be uncomfortable or even restrict body movement. To reduce discomfort, the authors need to determine optimal cutting lines in various designs that do not interfere with body movement. The purpose of this paper is to apply skin deformation mapping during movement to the ergonomic design of outdoor pants, focusing in particular on the 2D pattern generation of the crotch area in a 3D shape during movement. Design/methodology/approach A 3D shape and skin length deformation of the lower body were observed, including the crotch area, which is difficult to examine on the human body. To design ergonomic and streamlined outdoor pants, the authors selected seam lines where the changes in skin deformation are at their minimum based on the skin deformation mapping. In addition, the inseam along the medial thigh close to the crotch was removed to adjust the skin length of these areas, thereby increasing the extensible area of fabric necessary to adjust to a skin deformation. After selecting the seam lines, each of the 3D pattern blocks was generated by means of a 2D flattening method. In addition, the stress distribution of overlapped replica blocks along the crotch line during the 2D flattening process is a main independent factor to avoid deteriorating lower body movement as well as a good appearance. Findings Based on the results of skin deformation mapping of a human subject, this study suggested that it is best that the design line crosses where there is no skin deformation possible. And the pants were developed without the inner seam line at the upper medial thigh because of skin deformation of a large range of ±6 percent in the upper medial thigh during a 90° knee flexion or in the squatting down position. In a wear test, the developed 3D pattern without an inseam was rated higher than that with an inseam. This verified that removing the inseam, to prevent skin deformation of the medial upper thigh during knee flexion and squatting, is a logical decision. Regarding the correction of the overlapping area during arrangement of the replica, the appearance of the front of the pants was improved when 80 percent of the overlapping area was distributed near the point of the error source, which is the front of the male’s crotch line. Originality/value In this study, the crotch area, which has been difficult to observe in previous studies, were observed thoroughly and it was found that the length of the crotch curve did not increase during movement. In addition, skin deformation was mapped during a 90° knee flexion or in the squatting down position. It is expected that the overall process of developing 3D streamlined outdoor pants from 3D skin deformation mapping can be expanded to the development of patterns for other customized functional pants.
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Kuo, Ping-Chung, Yen-Chin Liu, Yi-Ching Lo, and Sheng-Nan Wu. "Characterization of Inhibitory Effectiveness in Hyperpolarization-Activated Cation Currents by a Group of ent-Kaurane-Type Diterpenoids from Croton tonkinensis." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 4 (February 13, 2020): 1268. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21041268.
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Croton is an extensive flowering plant genus in the spurge family, Euphorbiaceae. Three croton compounds with the common ent-kaurane skeleton have been purified from Croton tonkinensis. Methods: We examined any modifications of croton components (i.e., croton-01 [ent-18-acetoxy-7α-hydroxykaur-16-en-15-one], croton-02 [ent-7α,14β-dihydroxykaur-16-en-15-one] and croton-03 [ent-1β-acetoxy-7α,14β-dihydroxykaur-16-en-15-one] on either hyperpolarization-activated cation current (Ih) or erg-mediated K+ current identified in pituitary tumor (GH3) cells and in rat insulin-secreting (INS-1) cells via patch-clamp methods. Results: Addition of croton-01, croton-02, or croton-03 effectively and differentially depressed Ih amplitude. Croton-03 (3 μM) shifted the activation curve of Ih to a more negative potential by approximately 11 mV. The voltage-dependent hysteresis of Ih was also diminished by croton-03 administration. Croton-03-induced depression of Ih could not be attenuated by SQ-22536 (10 μM), an inhibitor of adenylate cyclase, but indeed reversed by oxaliplatin (10 μM). The Ih in INS-1 cells was also depressed effectively by croton-03. Conclusion: Our study highlights the evidence that these ent-kaurane diterpenoids might conceivably perturb these ionic currents through which they have high influence on the functional activities of endocrine or neuroendocrine cells.
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ARCE-PÉREZ, ROBERTO, and STEPHEN M. BACA. "A new species of Suphisellus Crotch from Mexico (Coleoptera: Noteridae)." Zootaxa 4323, no. 2 (September 21, 2017): 277. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4323.2.11.
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Suphisellus epleri sp. nov. is described from Veracruz, Mexico. The new species is characterized by (1) size; (2) elytra brownish-red, moderately punctate, each with three light-yellow spots; and (3) aedeagus with median lobe curved with width nearly uniform along its length. In appearance, S. epleri is very similar to S. neglectus Young 1979 with which it is here compared based on specimens collected from Colombia and Venezuela. Suphisellus epleri is distinguished by having a slightly broader anterior extremity of prosternal process and a slender median lobe that is not distinctly expanded at apex, as in S. neglectus. The first record of S. neglectus in Venezuela is also reported. Descriptions, images and illustrations of diagnostic characters, and differential diagnosis of S. epleri are provided.
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Vella, Frank. "Ahead of the curve. David baltimore's life in science: Crotty, Shane." Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Education 30, no. 5 (September 2002): 336–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bmb.2002.494030059998.
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Nair, A. K., S. Rani, M. Venkata Kamalakar, and S. J. Ray. "Bi-stimuli assisted engineering and control of magnetic phase in monolayer CrOCl." Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 22, no. 22 (2020): 12806–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0cp01204a.
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Magnetic phase control in two-dimensional CrOCl can be achieved through the application of strain and electric field. This leads to a ferromagnetic to antiferromagnetic phase transition and remarkable enhancement of the Curie temperature to 450 K.
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Bergamini, Elena, Pélagie Guillon, Valentina Camomilla, Hélène Pillet, Wafa Skalli, and Aurelio Cappozzo. "Trunk Inclination Estimate During the Sprint Start Using an Inertial Measurement Unit: A Validation Study." Journal of Applied Biomechanics 29, no. 5 (October 2013): 622–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jab.29.5.622.
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The proper execution of the sprint start is crucial in determining the performance during a sprint race. In this respect, when moving from the crouch to the upright position, trunk kinematics is a key element. The purpose of this study was to validate the use of a trunk-mounted inertial measurement unit (IMU) in estimating the trunk inclination and angular velocity in the sagittal plane during the sprint start. In-laboratory sprint starts were performed by five sprinters. The local acceleration and angular velocity components provided by the IMU were processed using an adaptive Kalman filter. The accuracy of the IMU inclination estimate and its consistency with trunk inclination were assessed using reference stereophotogrammetric measurements. A Bland-Altman analysis, carried out using parameters (minimum, maximum, and mean values) extracted from the time histories of the estimated variables, and curve similarity analysis (correlation coefficient > 0.99, root mean square difference < 7 deg) indicated the agreement between reference and IMU estimates, opening a promising scenario for an accurate in-field use of IMUs for sprint start performance assessment.
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Carvalho, Mônica Canaan, Lucas Rezende Gomide, Rubens Manoel dos Santos, José Roberto Soares Scolforo, Luís Marcelo Tavares de Carvalho, and José Márcio de Mello. "MODELING ECOLOGICAL NICHE OF TREE SPECIES IN BRAZILIAN TROPICAL AREA." CERNE 23, no. 2 (June 2017): 229–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/01047760201723022308.
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ABSTRACT Modeling of the ecological niche of vegetal species is useful for understanding the species-environment relationship, for prediction of responses to climate changes and for correct reforestation programs and establishment of plantation’s recommendation. The objective of this work was to establish a model for the distribution of four tree species (Casearia sylvestris, Copaifera langsdorffii, Croton floribundus and Tapirira guianensis), widely used in reforestation projects in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. In addition, we analyzed the relationship between environmental characteristics and the occurrence of species and tested the performance of Random Forest and Artificial Neural Networks as modeling methods. These methods were evaluated by their overall accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, Kappa, true skill statistic and the area under the receiver operating curve. The results showed the species Casearia sylvestris, Copaifera langsdorffii and Tapirira guianensis widely occurring in the state of Minas Gerais, including a broad range of environmental variables. Croton floribundus had restricted occurrence in the southern state, showing narrow environmental variation. The resulting algorithms demonstrated greater performance when modeling restricted geographic and environmental species, as well as species occurring with high prevalence in data. The algorithm Random Forest performed better for distribution modeling of all species, although the results varied for each metric and species. The maps generated had acceptable metrics and are supported by and ecological information obtained from other sources, constituting a useful tool to understand the ecology and biogeography of the target species.
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Wungsintaweekul, Juraithip, Chutima Sriyapai, Sanlaya Kaewkerd, Supinya Tewtrakul, Damrong Kongduang, and Wanchai De-Eknamkul. "Establishment of Croton stellatopilosus Suspension Culture for Geranylgeraniol Production and Diterpenoid Biosynthesis." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C 62, no. 5-6 (June 1, 2007): 389–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znc-2007-5-612.
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Diterpenoids in higher plants are biosynthesized from isoprene units obtained from two distinct pathways: the mevalonate pathway and the deoxyxylulose phosphate pathway. The metabolic partitioning of both pathways in plant species is dependent upon the type of culture. In order to study the diterpenoid biosynthesis in Croton stellatopilosus cell culture, callus culture was firstly induced from C. stellatopilosus young leaves in Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium in the presence of 1.0 mg/l 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), 1.0 mg/l benzyladenine (BA), 3% (w/v) sucrose and 0.8% (w/v) agar. The suspension culture was further induced from its callus in the same medium without gelling agent. Detection of diterpenoid accumulation by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry revealed that a cell culture could accumulate a low amount of geranylgeraniol (GGOH) and a high content of fatty acids and phytosterols. To improve the GGOH production, the culture conditions were optimized by medium manipulation in terms of hormonal factors. The growth rates of cell cultures were similar in all kinds of media. The GGOH production curve indicated that GGOH plays an important role as a primary metabolite in the cell culture. The optimum medium for GGOH production was MS medium supplemented with 2.0 mg/l 2,4-D and 2 mg/l BA that could produce GGOH with a yield of 1.14 mg/g FW.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Crotch curve"
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Hoveida, Arvin. "Passform på babyleggings : En studie kring faktorer i grenen som påverkar passformen." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Akademin för textil, teknik och ekonomi, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-23508.
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Denna studie undersöker vilka faktorer i grenen på babyleggings som kan komma att påverkapassformen. En marknadsundersökning visar att ett flertal leggings erhåller passformsproblem i grenen bak. Få studier har gjorts kring barnplagg och passform, därmed jämförs leggings från marknaden mot leggings konstruerade utifrån litteratur för att finna konstruktionsmässiga likheter och skillnader. Genom digitalisering av marknadens fysiska plagg kunde grenkurvorna tydligt jämföras mot litteraturens konstruktioner och tillsammans medavprovningar samt prototypframtagning kunde slutsatser dras. Resultatet visade på stora skillnader där marknadens plagg hade en bättre passform och anknytning till målgruppenskroppsutformning. Dock fanns passformsproblem i form av en nedåtdragande midjelinje bak och dragningar i sidan. Detta kunde knytas till en konstruktion med en djup grenkurva och stor lutning. Även en mindre lutad gren tillsammans med en grund kurva gav oönskadpassform. Resultatet visade även att grensträckan inte är en påverkande faktor, utan formplaceringen i grenkurvan. Studiens resultat applicerades och vidareutvecklade litteraturens konstruktion som mynnade ut i ett grundmönster. Konstruktionen kommer att vara till hjälp för företag som kan använda den i kommunikationen med leverantörer för att minska på prototypframtagningen.This thesis investigates factors which may influence the fit of the back rise in baby leggings. Market research showed that a majority had issues regarding fit of the back rise. There’s no studies made regarding children´s clothes and fit, therefore leggings from the market has been compared to patterns in literature to find deviations and similarities. With digitalization of the market’s leggings the curvature of the back rise could be compared to those made from literature. Together with fittings and production of prototypes conclusions could be made. The result showed significant deviations where the market’s leggings overall obtained the most pleasing fit and body-to- pattern relationship. Fitting problems was found at the waistline back which created a concave line and pulling was found at the side seams. This was connected to a pattern with a deep curve and significantly tilted back rise. It was found that the curve depth and tilt of the back rise had a vast influence on the garment fit, rather than the length. The conclusions were used to create a basic pattern for baby leggings that companies can utilize in the communication with suppliers to minimize the number of prototypes.
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Lin, Wenping. "Determination of distance ease at crotch curve for customized jeans." Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/26578.
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In the apparel industry, pattern making and alterations are expensive and time consuming, because they require iterative fitting and adjustment to develop garment patterns that fit their target consumers. The goal of this paper is to accelerate the pattern making process for jeans customization, which incorporates proper ease distribution at crotch curve in a 3D jeans design and pattern alteration by developing ease distribution models. In this research, four female jeans with different crotch ease allowances were developed. The patterns were drafted using flat patterning methods. The fitting process was conducted and evaluated according to standard fitting criteria. Furthermore, the size 8 mannequin, and then the jeans with the mannequin inside were scanned by the Kinect Body Image System. The crotch curves of the mannequin and the jeans were obtained, and were then extracted to the Accumark CAD system where the radial distance eases of the crotch curves were defined and measured. Correlation analysis between the distance ease and crotch ease allowance was conducted, and regression analysis was used to develop ease distribution models. The applications of the regression models in 3D jeans design and jeans pattern alterations were discussed. This research enhances the understanding of the ease distribution at the jeans crotch area. The results of this research provide essential ease distribution information for the jeans pattern alterations and jeans construction on a 3D model.text
Books on the topic "Crotch curve"
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A search for the cure to heart disease leads to the discovery--: Diet & exercise is a crock : one heart patient's journey. Edmonton: Bilberry Books, 2000.
Find full textConference papers on the topic "Crotch curve"
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Cesari, F. G., and P. Battistella. "Design by Formula of Power Steam Line Equipped by Energy Dissipative Devices." In 10th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone10-22472.
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To evaluate the ability of passive devices in protecting nuclear piping during earthquake a theoretical/experimental campaign has been performed. By means of numerical runs the effect of viscous dampers application on most critical points of a power plant steamline has been evaluated. The principle is to employ a local safety solution against heavy dynamic solicitations placing passive devices in crotch region of bends. The devices location corresponds to an in plane position in respect of the curve. Considerations on structural configuration and stress/strain states are also presented with the aim to respect the philosophy of design/verification requirements stated by the ASME Sct. III Cl.1 code. For experimental tests a C mock-up, whose sizes are derived by a thermal plant steamline, has been suggested and studied [1]. Comparison of numerical data on piping with/without dissipative elements are also included. The impact on the whole structure has been also taken into account. Some of the results included in the paper have been obtained in the E.U. contract named REEDS.