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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Crowding-in/out'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 10 September 2021

Last updated: 29 July 2025

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1

Masa-ud, Abdul Gafar Abubakar. "Crowding-out Of Household Expenditure By Tobacco In Ghana." Master's thesis, Faculty of Commerce, 2019. https://hdl.handle.net/11427/31620.

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This paper examines whether other expenditure in Ghanaian households is crowded out by expenditure on tobacco over the period under study (2005/2006 and 2012/2013) and whether the magnitude of crowding-out over the period has been changed by the introduction of the tobacco control law in July, 2012. The paper uses household survey data from the Ghana Living Standards Survey in the years 2005/2006 and 2012/2013. A system of quadratic conditional Engel curves was estimated for a set of eleven groups of commodities for both periods. The results show a crowding-out of food, alcohol, clothing and t

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2

Maloney, Tina M. "Crowding out the girls : issues of gender access in the use of computers /." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape8/PQDD_0031/MQ47463.pdf.

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3

Nilsson, Alexander. "Crowding out or crowding in? : A study on the effects of the public debt ratio on private investments of countries in the euro area." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Nationalekonomi, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-173254.

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The evolution of public debt in the euro area into unsustainable levels is discussed now more than ever after the recent financial crisis of 2008 and the European sovereign debt crisis that followed. With countries like Greece and Italy hovering around the level of 181.2- and 134.8 percent of GDP in public debt in 2018 (AMECO database), it is hard not to be worried about the future. Macroeconomic theory predicts that increased bond-financed government expenditure will crowd out private investment. This paper tests the credibility of this theory by empirically examining the effect of public deb

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4

Johnson, Mathew. "Continuity, change and crowding out : the reshaping of collective bargaining in UK local government." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2016. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/continuity-change-and-crowding-out-the-reshaping-of-collective-bargaining-in-uk-local-government(553b0d62-5790-4a6a-8a5a-9980e6dae647).html.

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This thesis examines elements of continuity and change in systems of pay determination in UK local government, with a specific focus on the period of austerity since 2010. Spending cuts present significant challenges for collective bargaining through the National Joint Council (NJC), which also serves as a ‘critical case’ to test our understanding of contemporary collective bargaining and industrial relations. The research draws on 56 interviews with a total of 62 key actors from the employers’ representative organisations and trade unions at both national and local level, and eight local auth

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5

Barile, Lory. "Environmental morale : an application of behavioural economics." Thesis, University of Bath, 2014. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.616874.

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This thesis makes a contribution to that part of the economics literature that explores how behavioural economics can inform environmental economics. Theoretically, the thesis develops the concept of environmental morale. Empirically, the study investigates the role of environmental morale on individuals’ behaviour within two different contexts: recycling participation and intertemporal choices over different goods (i.e., money, environment, and health) and outcomes (i.e., gains and losses). Major objectives of this analysis are: to shed light on how environmental morale interplays with indivi

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6

Harman, Luke. "Cross-sector insights into the challenges of targeting and crowding-out in agricultural and health voucher subsidy schemes : an economic analysis." Thesis, SOAS, University of London, 2016. http://eprints.soas.ac.uk/23679/.

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7

Ferreira, João Marcelo Grossi. "Evolução dos investimentos no Brasil: uma análise econométrica: por que não houve recuperação das taxas de investimentos no país após a estabilização da inflação em 1994?" reponame:Repositório Institucional do FGV, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10438/2038.

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Made available in DSpace on 2010-04-20T21:00:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 3 joaomarceloferreiraturma2003.pdf.jpg: 14925 bytes, checksum: df498c91cdb430c463307b2d17171402 (MD5) joaomarceloferreiraturma2003.pdf: 341537 bytes, checksum: 05d5e2e600196fc209a92cab8cd98d1b (MD5) joaomarceloferreiraturma2003.pdf.txt: 138094 bytes, checksum: 9b39a668792a751b0cf2901bddcc8005 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-02-06T00:00:00Z<br>Empirical studies on the determinants of private investments in development countries, including several studies in Brazil, have shown that there is a negative impact of high

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8

Dupal, Jiří. "Účinky přímých zahraničních investic podpořených investičními pobídkami v kontextu svých pozitiv a negativ." Doctoral thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2007. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-76679.

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In the past ten years the Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) has become a phenomenon, which is nowadays considered to be one of the major future perspectives of an economy. For many economists and politicians, the FDI is perceived as a saving instrument, which should help solve problems such as structure, regional discrepancies and most importantly a high unemployment rate especially under the conditions of global economic and financial crisis. The inflow of the FDI to host economy brings many positive effects that cannot be substituted. In fact, it is considered as a positive externality that mu

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9

Harris, Anna Maynard. "Willingness to Pay for Alternative Programs to Improve Water Quality in the Chesapeake Bay." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/34363.

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Over the last century the Chesapeake Bay has been plagued by pollution, disease and overharvesting of its resources. As a result, the Bay has been the focus of substantial research and the beneficiary of numerous environmental programs. Previous work has suggested that people are willing to pay for improved water quality in the Chesapeake Bay. For policymakers, the key challenge is to determine how to allocate scarce funds across alternative regulatory and subsidy programs. This thesis investigates three new research questions that relate to the policymakerâ s problem. First, does WTP for

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10

Serries, Christoph. "Die Bedeutung der intrinsischen Motivation in Prinzipal-Agent-Beziehungen am Beispiel der Beratungsstellen kirchlicher Wohlfahrtsverbände." [S.l. : s.n.], 2005. http://www.gbv.de/dms/zbw/483693596.pdf.

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11

Birkelöf, Lena. "Spatial interaction and local government expenditures for functionally impaired in Sweden." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Nationalekonomi, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-30216.

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The thesis consists of an introductory part and three self-contained papers. Paper [I] studies the determinants of the differences in expenditure on services for functionally impaired individuals among municipalities in Sweden. A spatial autoregressive model is used in order to test whether the decisions on the expenditure level in a neighboring municipality affect the municipality’s own expenditure. The results show of spatial interaction among neighbors, possible due to mimicking. However, when controlling for differences among counties there is no evidence of spatial interaction. Therefore,

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12

Moy, Naomi. "Interacting online: Examining behaviour in a crowdfunding setting." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2020. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/204263/1/Naomi_Moy_Thesis.pdf.

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This thesis investigated how communication in online crowdfunding influences monetary contributions to projects and project creators' behaviours in second projects. Underlying cues such as sustainability signals and monetary discussion affected contributions on Kickstarter, while research categorisation of projects on Experiment.com did not, whilst feedback from past project outcomes influenced project creators' willingness to create further projects on Kickstarter. Moreover, the feedback also caused changes in the information provided on subsequent projects.

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13

Johansson, Anders, and Joakim Lindberg. "Aid required to halving poverty in Tanzania until 2015." Thesis, Örebro University, Department of Business, Economics, Statistics and Informatics, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-1075.

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<p>Halving poverty until 2015 is something that all member states of United Nation have agreed up on by adopting the Millennium Development Goals MDG in 1991. The question asked in this paper is how much aid is needed in Tanzania, to reduce poverty by half. The method we use links estimated annual economic growth rates to the required amount of aid needed to halve poverty.</p><p>This study finds that during 2002-2015 Tanzania should receive between $37 to $43 (2002 US dollar) per year and capita depending on the underlying assumptions. Between 1994 and 2002 Tanzania received 36 dollar per year

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14

Abbas, Syed Mohammad Ali. "From foreign aid to domestic debt : essays on government financing in developing economies." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2014. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:95219b5a-4e24-4190-b5e3-95fb3d0b2425.

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The <u>first essay</u> [“Twin Deficits and Free Lunches: Macroeconomic Outcomes In Anticipation of Foreign Aid”] concerns itself with situations in which private agents anticipate a future windfall (free lunch) that will help service the debt resulting from a present fiscal expansion (implemented via a temporary tax cut). Such expectations of a windfall can arise in the context of natural resource discoveries or, more interestingly, due to perceptions by agents in “too important to fail” countries that will be bailed out through higher foreign aid or debt relief. We employ an overlapping gener

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15

Pereira, Inácia Carvalho Dias Ferreira Pimentel Pacheco. "Three essays on public investment versus private investment." Doctoral thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/16387.

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Doutoramento em Economia<br>The capacity of public consumption, public investment, and private investment to influence the economic activity has been a research topic for decades, however, there is no consensus about the qualitative effects of fiscal policy. The main goal of this dissertation is to deepen the understanding about what role public intervention, through PPPs, public consumption, and public investment, may play in boosting economic activity and to compare it with the results from innovations in private investment. In the first essay the macroeconomic impact of investment in PPP

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16

Batista, Paulo Cesar de Sousa. "External shocks, public sector disequilibrium and crowding-out in the Brazilian economy, 1970-1987." 1990. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/27933941.html.

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17

Lopes, Suéli Domingues. "O impacto macroeconómico das contribuições para a Segurança Social." Master's thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1822/28345.

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Dissertação de mestrado em Economia Monetária, Bancária e Financeira<br>Neste trabalho, pretende-se estudar o efeito das contribuições para a Segurança Social sobre o crescimento económico e o seu papel em termos de estabilização económica. Adicionalmente, procura-se analisar o impacto das contribuições para a Segurança Social para diferentes horizontes temporais. Finalmente, avalia-se a existência de efeitos crowding-in e/ou de efeitos crowding-out das contribuições para a Segurança Social sobre a despesa do sector privado. Para a elaboração deste trabalho, utilizou-se uma amostra de 32

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18

Howard, NL. "Technology acceptance, organisational change and autonomous motivation : reducing the crowding-out effect in the non-profit sector." Thesis, 2016. https://eprints.utas.edu.au/23497/1/Howard_whole_thesis.pdf.

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The non-profit sector worldwide has undergone significant change brought about by public sector reforms with the introduction of New Public Management practices. The associated outsourcing of social services has shifted accountability to non-profit organisations (NPOs) and they are being forced to develop and expand their ICT capacity to meet various government reporting obligations. However, ICT-induced organisational change within NPOs has proved problematic, often leading to failure. This thesis focuses on medium and large scale NPOs delivering social services on behalf of government. Not

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19

Andrade, Luís Filipe Pinheiro. "O impacto do investimento público e em construção na economia portuguesa." Master's thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10071/6490.

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O objecto de estudo desta dissertação consiste na investigação dos impactos do Investimento Público e no sector da Construção na actividade económica. Nesta investigação tem-se como ponto de partida a análise dos planos estatais de estímulo à actividade económica lançados no âmbito da actual crise económica e financeira, maioritariamente compostos por Investimento em activos do sector da Construção, nomeadamente infra-estruturas. Para melhor compreender o contributo do Investimento Público e em Construção procedeu-se à análise da sua importância para uma progressão nos níveis de prosperidade

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20

Shone, Laura Pollard. "Deterring crowd-out in state children's health insurance programs how would waiting periods affect children in New York?" 2003. http://books.google.com/books?id=DzNYAAAAMAAJ.

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21

Abdullah, Md. "Three essays on the macroeconomic impact of foreign direct investment in low and middle income countries." 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1993/32133.

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This dissertation comprises three essays on macroeconomic impacts of foreign direct investment (FDI). The first essay analyses the impact of FDI on the growth rate of total factor productivity of host countries. The essay focuses on 77 low- and middle-income countries and is based on balanced panel data for the period 1980-2008. The system GMM and common correlated effects (CCE) panel data methods are applied to estimate the models. Estimated coefficients show that FDI does not have any significant impact on the growth rate and the levels of TFP. The second essay investigates the relationshi

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22

Makuyana, Garikai. "The relative impact of public and private investment on economic growth: the tale of four Southern African economies." Thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/26705.

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The study has empirically examined the relative impact of public and private investment on economic growth and has also tested the crowding in or crowding out effect of public investment on private investment in four Southern African economies – Malawi, South Africa, Zambia and Zimbabwe. The analysis used annual time-series data covering the period from 1970 to 2014. The study provides new evidence to contribute firstly to the current debate regarding the relative importance of public and private investment in economic growth processes and secondly, on whether public investment crowds in or cr

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