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1
Lund, John M. "The Contested Will of “Goodman Penn”: Anglo–New England Politics, Culture, and Legalities, 1688–1716." Law and History Review 27, no. 3 (2009): 549–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0738248000003904.
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In February 1704, a Boston laborer named Thomas Lea found himself surrounded by townspeople as he lay on his deathbed. These spectators had gathered hoping to hear a much anticipated confession of the crimes they believed Lea had committed fifteen years earlier during the Dominion of New England. In Suffolk County, many townspeople had long maintained that Lea and others had used the confusion and chaos generated by the unsettling political and legal transformations introduced to New England during the 1680s to surreptitiously gain legal title to the estate of a prosperous Braintree, Massachusetts, landowner named William Penn. Standing by Lea's bedside, one witness, who believed Lea had perjured himself at the 1689 probate administration of Penn's estate, demanded: “Thomas can you as you are going out of the World answer at the Tribunal of God to the Will of Mr Penns, which you have sworn to[?]” “Was Mr Penn living or Dead when this Will was Made?” In the presence of assembled witnesses, Lea acknowledged, “he was dead.” Other townspeople pressed Lea to reveal the role he played in what many believed had been a murder for inheritance scheme. They reminded Lea that Penn's corpse had been found covered “in blood, in his own dung” with “a hole in his back, that you might turn your two fingers into it” and, even more disturbing, “one of his [Penn's] stones in his codd [scrotum] was broken all to pieces.” Averting the onlookers' gaze, Lea “turned his head aside the other way, saying what I did I was hired to do.” For these witnesses, the death-bed confession confirmed the rumors of Lea's crimes and strengthened their belief that a wave of corruption introduced in the 1680s had sabotaged New England's distinctive Puritan jurisprudence. Indeed, townspeople had labored for years to overturn the 1689 probate of Penn's estate in an effort forestall the crown's efforts to bring New England into political and legal conformity with the dictates of the growing English empire.
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Suari, Ni Made Elly Pradnya, I. Made Minggu Widyantara, and Ni Made Sukaryati Karma. "Kedudukan dan Perlindungan Saksi Mahkota dalam Tindak Pidana Pencurian dengan Kekerasan (Studi Kasus Pengadilan Negeri Denpasar)." Jurnal Interpretasi Hukum 1, no. 1 (2020): 210–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.22225/juinhum.1.1.2213.210-215.
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The presence of witnesses in the evidence is the keyword in disclosing the facts of criminal cases. The crown witness is often present at court. However, there are many differences of opinion in the Jurisprudence regarding the use of crown witnesses in court because there is no legal regulation that explicitly regulates the use of crown witnesses in criminal justice. Based on these problems, this study described how the protection of the rights of defendants as crown witnesses in criminal acts of theft with violence and how the position of crown witnesses in criminal acts of theft with violence. This research was designed using a normative legal research method and a conceptual approach. In the Criminal Procedure Code, there is no prohibition for a defendant to provide information for other defendants as far as using a splitsing system so that defendants who are crown witnesses still receive legal protection. The decision of the Supreme Court Number 1942 K / PID / 2012 which in its verification process used a crown witness. In this case, the public prosecutor presented the crown witness due to the lack of evidence especially witness testimony evidence. The role of the crown witness is very important to uncover criminal events because the defendant knows, sees, and commits criminal theft with violence. The result of this study showed that the protection of the rights of the defendant as a crown witness is equated with the rights of the defendant in general, which is regulated in Article 50 to Article 68 of the Criminal Procedure Code and witness rights set out in Article 5 of Law Number 31 of 2014. The position of the crown witness is justified in proof-based on the Circular Attorney General's Office of the Republic of Indonesia Number B-69 / E / 02/1997 of 1997 concerning Proof Law in Criminal Cases.
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Ghonu, Ismail, Andi Muhammad Sofyan, and Nur Azisa. "The role of the Crown Witness in the Process of Proving Criminal Cases in Indonesia." Musamus Law Review 1, no. 1 (2018): 21–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.35724/mularev.v1i1.737.
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The research issue focuses on the examination of crown witnesses in the process of establishing criminal cases in Indonesia. The examination of the crown witnesses is necessary because law enforcement officers find it difficult to find evidence, other than the testimony of witnesses of the perpetrators themselves in order to find material truth that can be justified. The result of the research shows that the role of the crown witness in the criminal prosecution process is very significant, that is to find the material truth, so that the fast and simple proof process fulfills the minimum standard of proof, upholds public justice against the perpetrators and determines the demands of each actor in accordance with its role. The need for legal protection against the crown witness and the need for a policy of reform of criminal procedure law through the refinement of the Criminal Procedure Code relating to the content of witness material of the crown firmly and limitatively in the future.
 Keywords: Evidence; Criminal; Crown Witness
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Leriwahyuli, Imra. "KEKUATAN PEMBUKTIAN SAKSI MAHKOTA PADA PERKARA PEMUFAKATAN JAHAT DALAM TINDAK PIDANA NARKOTIKA." UNES Journal of Swara Justisia 5, no. 1 (2021): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.31933/ujsj.v5i1.195.
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The Evidence Power of Crown Witnesses in Decision Number 400/Pid Sus/2019/PN.Pdg With 401/Pid Sus/2019/PN.Pdg And Decision Number 09/Pid Sus/2019/Pn.Pdg With 10/Pid Sus/2019/PN .Pdg is the same as other witnesses if they have met the requirements as witnesses. The crown witness in the narcotics crime case is the main witness to reveal the crime. The use of crown witnesses is very important because in this criminal act it is very difficult to find witnesses who can explain the chronology of a case because there are no victims and more than one perpetrator. The application of the Penalty in the Decision is a violation of Article 114 of the Narcotics Law. both defendants were guilty of violating Article 114 paragraph (1) of Law Jo, Article 132 paragraph (1) of Law no. 35 of 2009 concerning Narcotics. The judge handed down the same sentence.
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Febriani, Nadia, Haryadi Haryadi, and Dessy Rakhmawaty. "Penggunaan Saksi Mahkota (Kroongetuige) dalam Pembuktian di Persidangan Terhadap Tindak Pidana Narkotika." PAMPAS: Journal of Criminal Law 1, no. 2 (2021): 43–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.22437/pampas.v1i2.9614.
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ABSTRAK Tujuan artikel ini adalah untuk mengetahui penggunaan saksi mahkota (Kroongetuige) dalam pembuktian di persidangan dan Kekuatan saksi mahkota sebagai alat bukti dalam pembuktian tindak pidana narkotika. Dengan menggunakan metode yuridis normative, Artikel ini menunjukkan penggunaan saksi mahkota (kroongetuige) dalam pembuktian di persidangan terhadap tindak pidana narkotika diterapkan untuk mencari dan mendapatkan kebenaran materil dalam perkara penyertaan, dan berkas perkara telah dipisah, serta terdapat kekurangan alat bukti keterangan saksi yang mengetahui secara terperinci tindak pidana yang dilakukan bersama-sama dan penggunaan saksi mahkota tergantung dari kebijakan hakim dan kekuatan saksi mahkota sebagai alat bukti dalam pembuktian tindak pidana narkotika mempunyai nilai kekuatan pembuktian apabila saksi mahkota dinyatakan sah sebagai alat bukti keterangan saksi dengan memberikan keterangan didepan persidangan dan telah disumpah terlebih dahulu serta keterangan yang diberikan bersesuaian dengan keterangan saksi lain maupun alat bukti lain serta ditambah dengan keyakinan hakim. ABSTRACT The purpose of this article is to study the Use of the Crown Witness (Kroongetuige) in Proof in Trials Against Narcotics Crimes. How to use the Crown Witness (Kroongetuige) in Proof in Trial Against Narcotics and How the Strength of the Crown Witness Uses Evidence in Proving Narcotics Crimes. The research method used is a normative juridical method with agreement, conceptual agreement and case access. This article discusses the use of crown witnesses (kroongetuige) in evidence in trials of narcotic crimes applied to search for and obtain material truth in inclusion cases, and forged cases posted, and also the reporting tools for complaints that are used together and the use of crowns depending the judge's policy and the power of the crown as evidence in proving narcotics crime has a value of proof power. Having fun with other statements besides evidence is also added to the judge's conviction.
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Rahman, Habibie, Lilik Purwastuty, and Dessy Rakhmawati. "Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Saksi Mahkota dalam Proses Pemeriksaan Perkara Pidana." PAMPAS: Journal of Criminal Law 1, no. 3 (2021): 120–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.22437/pampas.v1i3.11088.
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This research discusses the issue of Legal Protection for Crown Witnesses in the Criminal Case Investigation Process.The results showed that the implementation of protection for crown witnesses was considered to have been implemented. This can be seen from the many forms of protection that can be provided to witnesses, especially crown witnesses, in the form of physical, psychological and legal protection. Physical and psychological protection is in the form of protection for personal safety and freedom from threats and pressure from other parties. Meanwhile, the form of legal protection in the form of witnesses cannot be prosecuted legally, either criminal or civil, for their testimony and special handling for witnesses who are also perpetrators of the same crime (crown witness). This shows that there is an effort to realize the legal rules regarding legal protection for crown witnesses. In order to achieve better legal protection for crown witnesses, it is necessary to increase the socialization of legal rules related to witness protection to the public so that the public will better understand that there is a mechanism of legal rules regulating the protection of a crown witness. Abstrak Penelitian ini membahas masalah Perlindungan Hukum terhadap Saksi Mahkota dalam Proses Pemeriksaan Perkara Pidana. Selanjutnya data yang diperoleh baik melalui studi kepustakaan maupun hasil wawancara dianalisis dengan menggunakan metode analisis deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa, pelaksanaan perlindungan terhadap saksi mahkota dinilai telah terlaksana hal ini dapat di lihat dari banyaknya bentuk perlindungan yang dapat diberikan kepada saksi khususnya saksi mahkota, baik dalam bentuk perlindungan fisik, psikis maupun hukum. Bentuk perlindungan fisik dan psikis berupa Perlindungan atas keamanan diri serta bebas dari ancaman dan tekanan pihak lain. Sedangkan bentuk perlindungan hukum berupa Saksi tidak dapat dituntut secara hukum baik pidana maupun perdata atas kesaksiannya dan Penanganan secara khusus bagi saksi yang juga pelaku tindak pidana yang sama (saksi mahkota). Hal ini menunjukkan adanya upaya realisasi dari aturan-aturan hukum tentang perlindungan hukum terhadap saksi mahkota. Untuk mewujutkan perlindungan hukum terhadap saksi mahkota yang lebih baik perlu adanya upaya peningkatan sosialisasi aturan-aturan hukum terkait perlindungan saksi kepada masyarakat dengan demikian masyarakat akan lebih memahami bahwa ada suatu mekanisme aturan hukum yang mengatur perlindungan terhadap seorang saksi mahkota.
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Sumariartha Suara, I. Putu Gede. "REFORMULASI KEWENANGAN PENUNTUT UMUM TERHADAP PENERAPAN SAKSI MAHKOTA DALAM PEMBUKTIAN TINDAK PIDANA KORUPSI." Jurnal Magister Hukum Udayana (Udayana Master Law Journal) 6, no. 3 (2018): 369. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/jmhu.2017.v06.i03.p08.
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Regarding the regulation and application of the crown witness by the public prosecutor in handling corruption case as stated in the Criminal Law of Formil applicable in Indonesia in this case KUHAP (Indonesian Criminal Procedural Law Code) especially Article 142 Indonesian Criminal Procedural Law Code still cause the existence of obscurity of norm so that in practice of judiciary there is no definite measure about application criteria a crown witness by a public prosecutor in the proof of a criminal case, especially a criminal act of corruption. As for the matters discussed in this regard that is about 1) Arrangement of the Public Prosecutor's Authority on the application of the crown witness in the proving of corruption crime according to the perspective of Indonesian Positive Law (Ius Constitutum) covers the setting up of the crown witnesses in positive law in Indonesia as well as comparative regulation of crown witnesses in the United States and the Netherlands and 2) Formulation of Authority for the Public Prosecutor on the application of the crown witness in the proving of corruption in accordance with the perspective of the coming Law (ius Constituendum) includes the appropriate term used to mention the crown witness, the limits of the application of the crown witness, the plea bargain adaptation system in the Positive Law in Indonesia, the requirements of being a crown witness, the proper punishment of the crown witness and the formulation of Article 142 of the Indonesian Criminal Procedural Law Code so as to grant the limitative authority to the Public Prosecutor against the application of the crown witness
 Mengenai pengaturan dan penerapan saksi mahkota oleh penuntut umum dalam penanganan perkara tindak pidana korupsi sebagaimana tercantum dalam Hukum Pidana Formil yang berlaku di Indonesia dalam hal ini yaitu KUHAP khususnya Pasal 142 KUHAP masih menimbulkan adanya kekaburan norma sehingga dalam praktek peradilan belum terdapat ukuran yang pasti mengenai kriteria penerapan saksi mahkota oleh penuntut umum dalam pembuktian suatu perkara pidana khususnya tindak pidana korupsi. Adapun yang dibahas dalam hal ini yaitu mengenai 1) Pengaturan Kewenangan Penuntut Umum terhadap penerapan saksi mahkota dalam pembuktian tindak pidana korupsi menurut perspektif Hukum Positif Indonesia (Ius Constitutum) meliputi pengaturan saksi mahkota dalam hukum positif di Indonesia serta perbandingan pengaturan saksi mahkota di Negara Amerika Serikat dan Belanda dan 2) Formulasi Kewenangan Bagi Penuntut Umum terhadap penerapan saksi mahkota dalam pembuktian tindak pidana korupsi menurut perspektif Hukum yang akan datang (Ius Constituendum) meliputi istilah yang tepat dipakai untuk menyebutkan saksi mahkota, batas-batas penerapan saksi mahkota, adaptasi plea bargain system dalam Hukum Positif di Indonesia, syarat-syarat menjadi saksi mahkota, pemidanaan yang tepat diterapkan terhadap saksi mahkota serta formulasi Pasal 142 KUHAP sehingga memberikan kewenangan secara limitatif kepada Penuntut Umum terhadap penerapan saksi mahkota.
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Yanti, Ni Kadek Dripta, and I. Ketut Mertha. "EKSISTENSI SAKSI MAHKOTA DALAM PROSES PERADILAN PIDANA DI INDONESIA BERDASARKAN ASAS NON SELF INCRIMINATION." Kertha Semaya : Journal Ilmu Hukum 8, no. 12 (2020): 1928. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/ks.2020.v08.i12.p10.
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Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui (1) eksistensi saksi mahkota dalam proses peradilan pidana di Indonesia berdasarkan asas non self incrimination; dan (2) perlindungan hukum terhadap saksi mahkota. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa (1) Eksistensi saksi mahkota dalam proses peradilan pidana di Indonesia berdasarkan asas non self incrimination sudah lazim digunakan. Kehadiran saksi mahkota baru dikatakan tidak bertentangan dengan asas non self incrimination jika dilakukan sesuai dengan apa yang diatur dalam Pasal 199 jo. Pasal 200 Rancangan KUHAP versi Januari 2009; dan (2) Perlindungan hukum terhadap saksi mahkota, seperti perlindungan terhadap saksi sebagaimana diatur dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 13 Tahun 2006 tentang Perlindungan Saksi dan Korban, namun kepada saksi mahkota diberikan juga keringanan hukuman bahkan dibebaskan dari penuntutan jika peranannya dianggap yang paling ringan.
 The objective of this research to reveal (1) the existence of a crown witness in the criminal justice process in Indonesia based on the principle of non self-incrimination; and (2) legal protection of crown witnesses. The result of this research indicates that (1) The existence of crown witnesses in criminal justice processes in Indonesia based on the principle of non-self-incrimination is commonly used. The presence of a new crown witness is said not to contradict the principle of non-self-incrimination if it is carried out in accordance with Article 199 jo. Article 200 of the January 2009 version of the Draft Criminal Procedure Code; and (2) Legal protection for crown witnesses, such as protection for witnesses as regulated in Law Number 13 of 2006 concerning Protection of Witnesses and Victims, however crown witnesses are also given leniency and even exemption from prosecution if their role is considered the lightest.
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Kurniawan, Zahri, Ilham Wahyudi, and H. S. Tisnanta. "The Right Non Self-Incrimination and Epistemology of Criminal Witnesses." Fiat Justisia: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum 14, no. 4 (2020): 363. http://dx.doi.org/10.25041/fiatjustisia.v14no4.1988.
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The absence of a clear normative interpretation related to witnesses who are also criminal perpetrators in the Indonesian court has controversy on the theoretical level. In practice, the practitioners adopt a concept known in other countries. However, in adopting ideas from other countries, practitioners are often trapped in practitioners’ paradigms. Translating the perpetrators’ witnesses such as crown witnesses, justice collaborators (JC), and whistleblowers (wb,) are not the concepts comprehensively. In the end, the witness being denied the rights of the perpetrators, namely right non-self-incrimination. The paper offers a concept for finding solutions in the use of witnesses who are also as criminal perpetrators in epistemological basis. These considerations are used to provide a coherent way based on the principle to justify the use of witness evidence from the criminal perpetrators. The purpose is to accord with the principle of due process of law, not to clash the principle of non-self-incrimination in proving the search of material truth.
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Riding, Allison. "The Crown Court Witness Service: Little Help in the Witness Box." Howard Journal of Criminal Justice 38, no. 4 (1999): 411–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1468-2311.00144.
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Marshall, Nowell. "Queer Trauma in Caitlín R. Kiernan’s The Red Tree." English Language Notes 59, no. 2 (2021): 50–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00138282-9277260.
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Abstract Despite winning numerous literary awards, Caitlín R. Kiernan’s work has received little critical attention. Scholars have focused on Kiernan’s reworking of H. P. Lovecraft’s influential weird fiction and have discussed Kiernan’s pioneering work in New Weird fiction and short fiction. As astute as much of the critical work is, none of it addresses the cornerstone of Kiernan’s fiction: trauma. This essay considers Kiernan’s novel The Red Tree as a queer American gothic novel dealing with trauma and its lingering effects on its witnesses. Through its complex, fragmentary form and its use of dream sequences and unconsciously produced narratives, the novel invites readers to witness and consume Sarah Crowe’s trauma while loosely theorizing the relationship between trauma and queer temporality and spatiality.
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Amiruddin, Muh. "PERAN SAKSI MAHKOTA DALAM PERKARA PIDANA KORUPSI DI PENGADILAN NEGERI MAKASSAR." Jurisprudentie : Jurusan Ilmu Hukum Fakultas Syariah dan Hukum 4, no. 2 (2017): 137. http://dx.doi.org/10.24252/jurisprudentie.v4i2.4059.
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The research was carried out in the city of Makassar, Sulawesi Sealatan that is at the State Prosecutor's Office Makassar and Makassar District Court. This study aims to determine the strength of the witness evidence of crown in legislation and to know the implementation of the crown witness in a criminal testimony in the Makassar District Court. The result of the research shows that the strength of Mahkota witness evidence is the same as the witness in general and is in accordance with the applicable law.Keywords: Mahkota Witness, Corruption Penelitian dilakasanakan di kota Makassar, Sulawesi Sealatan yaitu pada instansi Kejaksaan Negeri Makassar dan Pengadilan Negeri Makassar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kekuatan alat bukti saksi mahkota dalam perundang-undangan dan untuk mengetahui implementasi saksi mahkota dalam kesaksian pidana di Pengadilan Negeri Makassar. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pada dasarnya kekuatan alat bukti saksi Mahkota sama seperti saksi pada umumnya dan sudah sesuai dengan ketentuan hukum yang berlaku.Kata kunci : Saksi Mahkota, Korupsi
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Munday, Roderick. "The Paradox of Cross-Examination to Credit—Simply Too Close for Comfort." Cambridge Law Journal 53, no. 2 (1994): 303–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0008197300099062.
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Any defendant with a criminal record, who takes the witness-stand, must beware the snares of section 1(f) of the Criminal Evidence Act 1898. The shield this statute confers, once described by Viscount Sankey as “one of the most deeply rooted and jealously guarded principles of our criminal law”, which forbids the prosecution or any co-accused from questioning him on his previous convictions and general bad character, can be forfeited in three ways. An accused may variously adduce evidence of his good character, cast imputations on the character of the prosecutor or the witnesses for the Crown, or give evidence against a co-accused: in each of these circumstances, under sub-provisos (ii) and (iii) of section 1(f), cross-examination of the accused on his bad character then becomes permissible with the leave of the judge. Although there is a frail argument that such evidence may go to issue, the overwhelming preponderance of authority holds
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Heckl, Steffen M., Lukas Kercher, Samir Abdullazade, et al. "Insulin Receptor in Pancreatic Cancer—Crown Witness in Cross Examination." Cancers 13, no. 19 (2021): 4988. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers13194988.
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Background: The proximity of pancreatic cancer (PDAC) to the physiological source of the growth promoting hormone insulin might be exploited by this highly malignant cancer entity. We investigated if (I) PDACs express the insulin receptor (IR) in cancer cells and cancer vasculature, (II) if IR correlates with clinicopathological patient characteristics, including survival, and hence is involved in PDAC biology, (III) if IR is already expressed in precursor lesions, if (IV) the IGF1 receptor (IGF1R) is associated with clinicopathological patient characteristics and survival and (V) is linked to IR expression. Methods: 160 PDAC samples were examined for IR and IGF1R expression by immunohistochemistry. A modified HistoScore was correlated with clinicopathological characteristics and survival. Results: IR overexpression was already observed in pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia. Furthermore, it was more frequently observed in advanced disease and associated with distant metastasis, UICC stage, lymphatic invasion and an increased lymph node ratio, but without impacting survival in the end. IGF1R expression was not associated with clinicopathological parameters or survival, in contrast to former paradigms. Conclusions: We hypothesize that the close proximity to the pancreatic islets might be advantageous for cancer growth at first, but it experiences self-limitation due to surgical removal or local destruction following accelerated cancer growth.
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Ivičević Karas, Elizabeta, Zoran Burić, and Matko Pajčić. "COLLABORATORS OF JUSTICE: COMPARATIVE LEGAL SOLUTIONS AND CROATIAN CRIMINAL PROCEDURAL LAW." Pravni vjesnik 37, no. 1 (2021): 35–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.25234/pv/13602.
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This paper analyses the procedural position of “collaborators of justice” – (potential) suspects or defendants who choose to cooperate with the authorities by contributing to the detection and prosecution of other serious crimes and perpetrators, primarily by testifying before the court. The aim of the study is to provide an overview of consensual forms and measures of reward for collaborators of justice in comparative law and then to analyse the legal position of a crown witness and a person granted witness immunity, as “collaborators of justice”, in Croatian criminal procedural law. The study is conducted through a comparative legal perspective and with regard to certain issues that have so far been problematised in the scientific and professional literature and in domestic jurisprudence, and which include: the specific goal of these consensual forms and the application of the principle of proportionality, the discretion of the state attorney and judicial control, the procedural and defence rights, and, finally, victims’ rights. Special attention is given to an analysis of the jurisprudence of the Supreme Court of the Republic of Croatia and its legal standards, particularly concerning certain issues of the legality of the examination of a crown witness, as well as the legality of examination of a person granted witness immunity.
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Kis, Iván. "Kottanner Jánosné memoárja." Egyházmegyék – királyság – Szent Korona 33, no. 1 (2021): 54–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.14232/belv.2021.1.5.
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In my study I analyze a significant late-medieval memoir, known as „The Memoires of Helene Kottanner (1439–1440), written by Helene, or Elena Kottanner, an Austrian woman, daughter ofPeter Wolfram from Ödenburg (Sopron), acting in the service of Queen Elizabeth of Hungary.The source, which may be considered the oldest German memoir written by a secular woman, depicts the events of an interesting period of the medieval Hungarian history with “vividness and poignancy” (Maya Bijvoet Williamson). After the death of King Albert (1437–1439), his ambitious wife, Elizabeth – while a large part of the Hungarian nobles wanted Władysław III of Poland to be the king of Hungary – tried to maintain his own authority in Hungary (at that time she was already pregnant and hoped that her new-born will be a boy), therefore she ordered her servant, Elena Kottanner to steal the Holy Crown of Saint Stephen from the royal stronghold, Plintenburg (Visegrád). The woman and an unnamed Hungarian collaborator managed to remove the Crown secretly, rushing to the Queen with it, who within an hour of the crown’s arrival at her castle of Komorn (Komárom), bore a son, Ladislaus Posthumous (1440–1457). Three months later, the little boy was crowned King of Hungary in Stuhlweissenburg (Székesfehérvár). In her memoir, Helene Kottanner – as an eye-witness author – gives a unique, detailed and remarkable picture about these events. My main goal is to analyze the rhetorical methods, the historiographical practice presented by Helene, which can be detected in her text. I demonstrate that the servant intended to emphasize her own role in the mentioned events, and tried to legitimate the Hungarian kingship of Ladislaus Posthumous. Besides, she presented certain events as symbolic of the fate of the future king: according to Helene, God protects her and Elizabeth, and the whole undertaking, while the Devil is on the side of their enemies (Władysław III of Poland and the Hungarian nobles). Furthermore, I also intend to demonstrate what possible goals could Helene have had with her memoir. It is quite possible that the servant wrote her opus in order to get her reward for her services provided to the queen and the future king. I demonstrate this problem in context of the Hungarian political situation in the 1440s and the 1450s.
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Brekus, Catherine A. "Harriet Livermore, the Pilgrim Stranger: Female Preaching and Biblical Feminism in Early-Nineteenth-Century America." Church History 65, no. 3 (1996): 389–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3169937.
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On a Sunday morning in January of 1827, “all the taste and fashion” of Washington, D.C., streamed toward the Capitol to witness one of the most remarkable events to take place in the gentlemanly preserve of the Hall of Representatives: Harriet Livermore, a devout evangelical and the daughter of a former Congressman, had convinced the Speaker of the House to allow her to preach to Congress. With crowds of eager spectators spilling out of the Hall and into the street, Livermore ascended into the Speaker's Chair, which served as a makeshift pulpit, and silenced a crowd of a thousand with a sermon on the text, “He that ruleth over men must be just, ruling in the fear of God.” Included among her audience were congressmen, senators, and President John Quincy Adams himself, who sat on the steps leading up to her feet because he could not find a free chair. According to published reports, many in the audience wept quietly as she spoke. “It savored more of inspiration than anything I ever witnessed,” one woman marvelled. “And to enjoy the frame of mind which I think she does, I would relinquish the world. Call this rhapsody if you will; but would to God you had heard her!” Livermore's sermon was such a success that she was permitted to preach to Congress again in 1832, 1838, and 1843, each time to large crowds.
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Kobielska, Maria, and Aleksandra Szczepan. "Testimoniality: A lexicon of witnesses of Holocaust non-sites of memory in Poland." International Journal of Heritage, Memory and Conflict 1 (November 23, 2021): 25–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/hmc.1.63306.
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The authors analyse grassroots modalities of the figure of witness in the communities living in the vicinity of uncommemorated sites of past violence. Testimoniality, understood as the disposition to bear witness, i.e. both the willingness to testify and the ability to provide important information, is discussed in relation to complex, heterogenic and dynamic assemblages that form around the sites in question, comprising both human (neighbours, wardens) and non-human actors (the landscape and biotope, material objects), diverse practices, performative gestures, and relations. The analysis is placed in the context of the debate on the complicated status of the “witness” as a category in the Polish post-war culture of memory, as well as of new relevant categories emerging in both Polish and international scholarship on the Holocaust. The authors conceptually systematise testimonial situations and propose a lexicon of testimonial positions, practices and objects that are grounded in the material gathered in fieldwork during the research project on unmemorialised sites of genocide in Poland. They distinguish: the crown witness, the trustee, the volunteer, the official and the contingent witness, and discuss categories of testimonial gesture, testimonial performance, testimonial object, and testimonial words.
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Watfern, Chloe. "Thom Roberts Reads Crowns." Art/Research International: A Transdisciplinary Journal 6, no. 2 (2021): 505–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.18432/ari29546.
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At Studio A, a supported studio for neurodiverse artists, the prolific painter, performer, photocopier, and installation artist Thom Roberts frequently reaches out to connect with friends and fellow artists by running his hands across the backs of their heads; “reading” their crowns. It’s a blessing I have been lucky enough to receive countless times over the course of my ethnographic engagement with Studio A, and as my relationship with Thom has developed. During my research, I have witnessed Thom read crowns in all kinds of contexts, from pubs to art galleries, in a performance artwork that could also be understood as an experimental artist talk. Here, I trace the narrative of this facet of Thom’s practice. I consider how such embodied encounters have the potential to open avenues of communication and connection between people who might experience the world in very different ways.
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Rix, Keith J. B. "The psychiatrist as expert witness. Part 2: criminal cases and the Royal College of Psychiatrists' guidance." Advances in Psychiatric Treatment 14, no. 2 (2008): 109–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/apt.bp.107.004416.
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Psychiatrists reporting in criminal cases in England and Wales are now governed by the Criminal Procedure Rules on expert evidence and these will require changes to the format and content of psychiatrists' reports in criminal proceedings. This article sets out the new rules and also draws attention to additional requirements made by the Court of Appeal and, when instructed by the police or the Crown Prosecution Service, by the Crown Prosecution Service. It also draws attention to the report of the Scoping Group on Court Work of the Royal College of Psychiatrists.
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ROCK, PAUL. "WITNESSES AND SPACE IN A CROWN COURT." British Journal of Criminology 31, no. 3 (1991): 266–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.bjc.a048116.
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Ping, Larry L. "Gustav Freytag, theReichsgründung,and the National Liberal Origins of theSonderweg." Central European History 45, no. 4 (2012): 605–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0008938912000623.
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In the opening passage of his memoirs, Gustav Freytag (1816–95) mused that the secret of his literary success came down to the fact that his life “on the whole, resembles the life experience (Bildungsgang) of thousands of my contemporaries.” A century of scholarship on theKaiserreichhas validated Freytag's claim to serve as crown witness for thementalitéof his generation.
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Nesvig, Martin Austin. "The Epistemological Politics of Vernacular Scripture in Sixteenth-Century Mexico." Americas 70, no. 02 (2013): 165–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003161500003217.
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The year 1577 was a watershed for linguistic politics in Mexico. After more than five decades in Mexico, the Spanish crown signaled a break from its previous tolerance of the use of indigenous language in catechesis and doctrinal publications. The landmark case is the crown's confiscation of Bernardino de Sahagún's Historia General in 1577. Simultaneously, the Mexican Inquisition pursued an assault on vernacular Scripture, confiscating dozens of Spanish scriptural editions, and culminating in the Inquisition's prohibition of Nahuatl and other indigenous-language translations of Scripture, in particular Ecclesiastes and the Epístolas y Evangelios (Epistles and Gospels). Also central was the second trial of a noted Erasmian, Alonso Cabello, who had spent much of the same year in house arrest in Tlatelolco. All this came on the heels of the establishment of the Holy Office in Mexico in November 1571 and its first full-scale purge of prohibited books, including well over 200 editions of Scripture—dozens of them in Spanish and a few in Nahuatl—that had circulated freely in Mexico. Prior to the 1570s exico had witnessed intense debates about the role of language in missionary projects, in catechesis, and in the education of indigenous Mexicans, alongside those regarding the proper language for Scripture and devotional works.
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Nesvig, Martin Austin. "The Epistemological Politics of Vernacular Scripture in Sixteenth-Century Mexico." Americas 70, no. 2 (2013): 165–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/tam.2013.0101.
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The year 1577 was a watershed for linguistic politics in Mexico. After more than five decades in Mexico, the Spanish crown signaled a break from its previous tolerance of the use of indigenous language in catechesis and doctrinal publications. The landmark case is the crown's confiscation of Bernardino de Sahagún's Historia General in 1577. Simultaneously, the Mexican Inquisition pursued an assault on vernacular Scripture, confiscating dozens of Spanish scriptural editions, and culminating in the Inquisition's prohibition of Nahuatl and other indigenous-language translations of Scripture, in particular Ecclesiastes and the Epístolas y Evangelios (Epistles and Gospels). Also central was the second trial of a noted Erasmian, Alonso Cabello, who had spent much of the same year in house arrest in Tlatelolco. All this came on the heels of the establishment of the Holy Office in Mexico in November 1571 and its first full-scale purge of prohibited books, including well over 200 editions of Scripture—dozens of them in Spanish and a few in Nahuatl—that had circulated freely in Mexico. Prior to the 1570s exico had witnessed intense debates about the role of language in missionary projects, in catechesis, and in the education of indigenous Mexicans, alongside those regarding the proper language for Scripture and devotional works.
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Seth Richardson. "“The Crowns of Their bābtum”: On Wives, Wards, and Witnesses." Journal of the American Oriental Society 132, no. 4 (2012): 623. http://dx.doi.org/10.7817/jameroriesoci.132.4.0623.
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Tak, Peter J. P. "Deals with Criminals: Supergrasses, Crown Witnesses and Pentiti." European Journal of Crime, Criminal Law and Criminal Justice 5, no. 1 (1997): 2–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/157181797x00121.
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Cretney, Antonia, and Paul Rock. "The Social World of an English Crown Court: Witness and Professionals in the Crown Court Centre at Wood Green." British Journal of Sociology 46, no. 1 (1995): 159. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/591644.
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Struik, Arianne. "The Sleeping Dogs Method to Overcome Children’s Resistance to EMDR Therapy: A Case Series." Journal of EMDR Practice and Research 12, no. 4 (2018): 224–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/1933-3196.12.4.224.
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This article provides three case descriptions to demonstrate the use of the “Sleeping Dogs” method to engage children who initially refused to participate in EMDR therapy. The metaphor “sleeping dogs” refers to traumatic memories that children refuse to or cannot discuss; by waking up the “sleeping dogs,” traumatic memories become accessible and treatable. Children in the cases discussed displayed severe symptoms and refused to discuss memories of traumatic experiences. All resided in a residential facility and their symptoms were preventing transition into foster care. Case 1 (age 6) displayed increasingly violent behavior. He witnessed his father kill his mother and was the crown witness in his father’s trial, which isolated him from his family. Case 2 (age 3), was abused by her biological family, and experienced foster placement breakdown. Case 3 (age 6) was abused by her mother, yet idolized her and denied past abuse. This article describes how the Sleeping Dogs method was applied in each case, created stabilization, and led to engagement in EMDR, in which trauma memories were processed. After treatment all children transitioned into foster care. The cases demonstrate the benefits of involving (extended) family members, even when they have abused or neglected the child and may have little or no contact with them, and when reunification is no option. The implications for utilizing the Sleeping Dogs method to engage chronically traumatized children in trauma-focused therapy are discussed.
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Fiifi Ghartey, Alexander, and Michael William Stockdale. "Statistical evidence and sudden infant death syndrome." University of Cape Coast Law Journal 1, no. 1 (2021): 135–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.47963/ucclj.v1i1.228.
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tatistical evidence is one of the prima facie tools used in the courtroom in common law jurisdictions. This paper is a case study aimed at describing the role of expert statistical evidence and how it influenced the outcome of the Sally Clark case.Sally Clark, a solicitor by profession, who was wrongly convicted and imprisoned by the Chester Crown Court in England in 1999 for the alleged murder of her two children. The prosecution’s expert witness Professor Sir Roy Meadow, a consultant paediatrician, claimed in his statistical evidence that “the probability of two sudden infant death syndrome cases (SIDS) in one family matching the profile of the appellant was 1 in 73 million.”Though upon appeal the Court of Appeal (Criminal Division) quashed the appellant’s conviction in 2003, it brought to the fore the application of statistics in the courtroom and its overall impact on the justice system. It is revealed that statistical evidence should not be used to establish the truth of an ultimate issue with scientific certainty. Expert witnesses should not adduce evidence recklessly. The use of any far-reaching statistics as evidence requires the services of experts with competence in medical statistics. The criminal justice system has a huge task of exposing true child abusers. But the socio-economic cost of wrongful conviction of accused parents of SIDS cases is immense. Tragically, Sally Clark never came to terms with her wrongful conviction and in 2007 drank herself to death.
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Bronkhorst, Remco, and Jorn Seubers. "La Torretta della Bufalotta: stille getuige van een verdwenen landschap." Paleo-aktueel, no. 30 (December 14, 2019): 31–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.21827/pa.30.31-38.
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La Torretta della Bufalotta: silent witness to a lost landscape. In the 1890s, the Dominican Father Peter Paul Mackey located the remains of the protohistoric settlement of Crustumerium, on a small hill ca. 15 km north of Rome crowned by picturesque ruins, amongst which the medieval so-called Torretta (tower) della Bufalotta. His identification was close yet incorrect. As was shown in the 1970s, Crustumerium lay some 450 m to the northwest. In this article, we delve into the remains of this torretta – which in fact was never a tower – and its surrounding surface materials which, taken together, testify to a complicated history spanning more than 2000 years.
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Neil, Bronwen. "Death and the Bishop of Rome. From Hormisdas to Sabinian." Scrinium 11, no. 1 (2015): 109–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18177565-00111p12.
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The sixth to early seventh centuries was a dangerous period to be crowned a bishop of Rome. Over the course of ninety-two years, from 514 to 606, there were no fewer than fifteen bishops of Rome, including one anti-pope. In the decade from 526 to 536, six popes went to their graves. Very few of these bishops died in their beds. Their deaths were as significant as their lives for what they can tell us about the processes of election and the protections that their office afforded them, as well as the risks to which they were exposed. In many cases the sole witness to the manner and timing of their deaths is the Liber Pontificalis.1
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Burrows, Kimberlee S., Martine B. Powell, and Mairi Benson. "A guide to clarifying evidence in Australian child forensic interviews." Journal of Forensic Practice 18, no. 2 (2016): 91–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jfp-09-2014-0030.
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Purpose – Interviewing victims of child sex abuse requires considerable care in order to minimise error. Due to children’s heightened suggestibility any question asked of a child could potentially incite error that could undermine the witness’s credibility. A focus group was conducted in order to facilitate the development of guidance for interviewers around the circumstances in which it is necessary to ask children follow-up questions in an interview. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach – Seven Crown prosecutors representing every Australian state and territory (with the exception of one small state) were issued with 25 hypothetical narrative accounts of child abuse and asked to indicate what information, if any, required follow-up in the child’s narrative. Their responses and rationale for requiring following up in some cases and not others were discussed. Findings – Thematic analysis revealed three recommendations to guide questioning: whether the case involved identification or recognition evidence; the presence of contextual features that may influence the witness’s memory, or that should trigger a particular line of questioning; and whether the information can or should be sought at a later stage by the trial prosecutor, rather than by the interviewer. Practical implications – The recommendations are discussed within the context of their implications for interviewing, that is, how each recommendation could be implemented in practice. Originality/value – The present study extends prior literature by elucidating principles to guide decision making across interview topic areas. The need for such guidance is highlighted by research suggesting that topics such as offender identity, offence time and place, and witnesses are a source of overzealous questioning in interviews.
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Volevodz, A. G., and P. A. Litvishko. "Institution of a Crown Witness: Concise Comparative Analysis of the Law of Some Countries of Europe and Russia." MGIMO Review of International Relations, no. 2(17) (April 28, 2011): 226–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.24833/2071-8160-2011-2-17-226-234.
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Applegate, Richard. "Taking Child Witnesses Out of the Crown Court: A Live Link Initiative." International Review of Victimology 13, no. 2 (2006): 179–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026975800601300203.
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This article describes an innovative project in England whereby child witnesses gave evidence via a video link from a building away from the court complex. The research indicates that this was seen as an effective method for children to give their evidence; removing most of the negative issues relating to giving evidence either in person from the court room, or from a live video link from a room routinely located within the court complex. This arrangement was seen to encourage children to give evidence in the first instance; to improve its quality; and to soften the traditional adversarial nature of the criminal justice system. Professionals in the Crown Court have accepted live video link technology as part of their work role and although the children concerned, and their parents, were not so positive they also considered it to be a very good way for them to give evidence.
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Horton, A. V. M. "Brunei in 2004: Window-Dressing an Islamizing Sultanate." Asian Survey 45, no. 1 (2005): 180–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/as.2005.45.1.180.
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Negara Brunei Darussalam continued to enjoy tranquillity in 2004. The principal events in the country during the year were the wedding of the Crown Prince al-Muhtadee Billah and Dayangku (Lady) Sarah and the resurrection of the Legislative Council. Twenty years of independence have witnessed significant progress in many fields, but political and religious freedom remains wanting.
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Coufalová, Bronislava. "Special case of temporary suspension of criminal prosecution (§ 159C and § 159D of the Criminal Procedure Code): an effective legal instrument in the fight against corruption or covert introduction of the institution of crown witness?" Forum Polityki Kryminalnej, no. 1 (June 29, 2021): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.31261/fpk.2021.01.05.
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Corruption is one of the most dangerous phenomena of contemporary society. So it is no wonder that the legislator and the whole society are always looking for new ways to effectively combat such negative phenomena. However, corruption has one specific feature, which is high latency, compared to other forms of crime. Given that corruption is characterized by a high degree of latency, it is understandable that traditional means of criminal law are unable to ensure effective detection and prosecution of this type of crime. There is a relatively new procedural legal instrument in the fight against corruption in Section 159c and 159d of the Criminal Procedure Code. However, the question is whether this new provision is not merely a covert introduction of the institution of the crown witness into the Czech legal order.
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Dingwall, Robert, and Paul Rock. "The Social World of an English Crown Court: Witnesses and Professionals in the Crown Court Centre at Wood Green." Contemporary Sociology 23, no. 6 (1994): 863. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2076091.
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Guvakova, Elena V. "Old Believers’ icons “Image of the Catholic and Apostolic Church”." Russian Journal of Church History 3, no. 1S (2022): 56–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.15829/2686-973x-2022-87.
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The article discusses 19th century icons “The Image of the Church” known as picturing “a high iconostasis crowned by the Crucifixion with Passion icon row”. These icons are known in Russia since the last quarter of the 18th century. This special type of icons was in demand by popovtsy (accepting priesthood) Old Believers and according to contemporaries’ witnesses sacraments used to be performed before them. The article shows that, despite the authoritative protograph (the Assumption Cathedral of the Moscow Kremlin iconostasis), in these icons a number of interesting features have been preserved.
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Savino, Christina. "Corvi e adulatori." AION (filol.) Annali dell’Università degli Studi di Napoli “L’Orientale” 43, no. 1 (2022): 35–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/17246172-40010047.
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Abstract Crows and flatterers are compared in an ancient Greek saying because of their harmfulness and damage to human beings. The saying «it is better to fall amongst crows than flatterers» is attributed to the Cynic seem philosopher Antisthenes of Athens on the basis of several literary sources. All these seem to go back to Cynic doxography and ethics, relying on the Stoic thinker Hecaton of Rhodes. Previous witnesses are not extant, but a reference to the saying could possibly be found in Aristophanes’ Wasps. Indeed, Wasps 42–46 not only features the wordplay κόραξ/κόλαξ as a speech defect of Alcibiades, which seems to be rather a comic device, but also hints at a link between the crow and the flatterer. Performed in 422, before Antisthenes’ teaching as a Cynic, Aristophanes’ Wasps could represent the first literary attestation of the saying on crows and flatterers, which probably went back to the Greek sapiential heritage.
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Gül, Murat, John Dee, and Cahide Nur Cünük. "ISTANBUL’S TAKSIM SQUARE AND GEZI PARK: THE PLACE OF PROTEST AND THE IDEOLOGY OF PLACE." JOURNAL OF ARCHITECTURE AND URBANISM 38, no. 1 (2014): 63–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/20297955.2014.902185.
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May 2013 saw Istanbul witness a massive public demonstration. The incident began on 28 May when a small group of environmental activists tried to save Gezi Park, one of the most iconic green spaces in the Taksim district of central Istanbul. The park dates back to the 1940s and is well-known as public promenade. The modest demonstration was triggered by a government decision to reconstruct a former Ottoman Artillery Barracks. Within a few days, it developed into a violent uprising on an unprecedented scale lasting almost an entire month. Crowds not only gathered in Istanbul but also in many other Turkish cities such as the capital, Ankara. International media broadcast the protests live from Taksim Square turning the Gezi Park protest into an international phenomenon. Today the Park has become a reference point in Turkish politics where almost every issue is linked to the ‘spirit of Gezi’. It made a modest protest over an inner city promenade into a vivid symbol of political opposition. This paper will analyse historically the Taksim Square project and the ideological conflicts it evoked in Turkish society.
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Cust, Richard. "Charles I, the Privy Council and the Parliament of 1628." Transactions of the Royal Historical Society 2 (December 1992): 25–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3679098.
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Those present in the council chamber around teatime on Friday, 4 April 1628 would have witnessed one of the more hopeful scenes in die politics of die late 1620s. Sir John Coke, Secretary of State, arrived hotfoot from die House of Commons to announce diat it had voted to grant die crown five subsidies. The king, who had been waiting for die news, expressed ‘joy and contentment, saying he was more happy than any of die kings his predecessors …’;
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JANSEN, BERTHE. "The Monastic Guidelines (bCa’ yig) by Sidkeong Tulku: Monasteries, Sex and Reform in Sikkim." Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society 24, no. 4 (2014): 597–622. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1356186313000850.
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AbstractSidkeong Namgyal Tulku was a colourful figure in the history of Sikkim. This crown prince was an incarnated lama as well as a student at Oxford, and a member of the Royal Asiatic Society. This article considers the various roles of Sidkeong Tulku in the light of a Tibetan work by his hand, which has been previously not connected to his person. Written in 1909, it consists of ‘monastic guidelines’ (bCa’ yig) which are a clear witness to the time and circumstances they were written in. This traditionally framed work, authored by a supposed Buddhist modernist, addresses the education of monks, monastic economy, sex, and preaching to the laity. These guidelines shed light on the changing status of the monastery in Sikkim, in the midst of reforms and threats to Sikkimese sovereignty. In this article I examine the contents of these guidelines in the context of its author's eventful but short life, against the political, religious and social backdrop of a Buddhist kingdom in turmoil.
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Sugiri, Bambang, Nurini Aprilianda, and Hanif Hartadi. "The Position of Convict as Justice Collaborator in Revealing Organized Crime." PADJADJARAN Jurnal Ilmu Hukum (Journal of Law) 8, no. 2 (2021): 255–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.22304/pjih.v8n2.a5.
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This article aims to examine the position of the convict as justice collaborator in revealing organized crime. A justice collaborator can assist law enforcement officers. The background of the study is the concept of crown witness, which is often used in proving criminal cases, even though it violates human rights. A difficulty in revealing organized crime is that perpetrators mostly do not disclose their criminal network and the parties involved. Information from the convict related to the network of the crime they committed makes law enforcement officers easier to reveal the organized crime. This study used a juridical analysis with an approach to laws and regulations, conceptual method, and comparative method. The results of the study show that convict who chose to become a justice collaborator has a vital role. Law enforcement officers can take advantage of this role in exposing organized crimes without human rights violations to the convict. The convict can have a reward in the form of parole and additional remissions.
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Jorjafki, Elham Mohammadi, Brad J. Sagarin, and Sachit Butail. "Drawing power of virtual crowds." Journal of The Royal Society Interface 15, no. 145 (2018): 20180335. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2018.0335.
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In 1969, social psychologist Milgram and his colleagues conducted an experiment on a busy city street where passers-by witnessed a set of actors spontaneously looking up towards a building. The experiment showed that the crowd's propensity to mimic the actor's gaze increased with the number of actors that looked up. This form of behavioural contagion is found in many social organisms and is central to how information travels through large groups. With the advancement of virtual reality and its continued application towards understanding human response to crowd behaviour, it remains to be verified if behavioural contagion occurs in walkable virtual environments, and how it compares with results from real-world experiments. In this study, we adapt Milgram's experiment for virtual environments and use it to reproduce behavioural contagion. Specifically, we construct a replica of an indoor location and combine two established pedestrian motion models to create an interactive crowd of 60 virtual characters that walk through the indoor location. The stimulus group comprised a subset of the characters who look up at a random time as the participants explore the virtual environment. Our results show that the probability of looking up by a participant is dependent on the size of the stimulus group saturating to near certainty when three or more characters look up. The role of stimulus size was also evident when participant actions were compared with survey responses which showed that more participants selected to not look up even though they saw characters redirect their gaze upwards when the size of the stimulus group was small. Participants also spent more time looking up and exhibited frequent head turns with a larger stimulus group. Results from this study provide evidence that behavioural contagion can be triggered in the virtual environment, and can be used to build and test complex hypotheses for understanding human behaviour in a variety of crowd scenarios.
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Panza, Barbara J. "His Word Was His Bond: The Role of the Oath in Thomas More’s Trial." Moreana 46 (Number 176), no. 1 (2009): 97–132. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/more.2009.46.1.10.
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More refused to take the oath in support of the Act of Succession because the oath included a repudiation of papal supremacy. While the purpose of that oath and More’s refusal to take it were central to his trial, that oath was not the only oath that determined his fate. The oaths taken by the lawyers, witnesses, jurors, judges, and the King’s coronation oath were all involved in More’s trial. Were these oaths kept? More believed his oath was an affirmation of his faith and a means of establishing objective facts, while the other participants in his trial used their oaths to express their solidarity with Henry VIII and to ensure the Crown’s cause prevailed by obtaining More’s conviction. After a review of the objective role of the oath and the specific oaths implicated in More’s trial, the manner in which these oaths were employed, and the manner and degree to which those oaths were observed are examined.
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Smith, Bradford L. "In Re Letter of Request from Crown Prosecution Service of United Kingdom." American Journal of International Law 83, no. 4 (1989): 929–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2203384.
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Appellant, Thomas J. Ward, appealed a district court decision appointing commissioners to obtain evidence sought by the Crown Prosecution Service of the United Kingdom (Crown Service). The district court had appointed the commissioners pursuant to 28 U.S.C. §1782 (1982), to depose in the United States certain third-party witnesses with knowledge relevant to a criminal investigation in the United Kingdom. On review, the Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit (per Ginsburg, J.) affirmed the district court’s decision and held: that 28 U.S.C. §1782 authorized the appointment of the commissioners, even though there was no pending criminal proceeding in the United Kingdom when the depositions were requested and the procedure for the depositions might vary from that normally applicable in the United States. The court remanded the case, however, for a further determination to ensure that the depositions would comply with procedural rules applicable in the United Kingdom.
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Gupta, Susham, Elvan U. Akyuz, Jonathan Flint, and Toby Baldwin. "Violence and aggression in psychiatric settings: reporting to the police." BJPsych Advances 24, no. 3 (2018): 146–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bja.2017.10.
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SUMMARYViolence and aggression are relatively common and serious occurrences in health and social care and rates are higher in mental health settings. Despite the National Health Service's policy of ‘zero tolerance’ of such behaviour, reporting of violence and aggression against mental health staff remains low. This article considers the nature of violence and aggression against staff in psychiatric settings and the process of involving the police to ensure an effective outcome. It outlines each step, from the initial the multidisciplinary team assessment of the incident and its reporting to the police to the making of witness statements, should the case come to court. It also explains the discretionary role of the police in deciding whether to charge and of the Crown Prosecution Service (CPS) in deciding whether to prosecute. The article stresses that NHS organisations need to provide an effective, streamlined and time-efficient reporting process, as this should reduce levels of patient violence, improve staff's well-being and morale, save costs and make the working environment safer for all.LEARNING OBJECTIVES•Raise awareness of the underreporting to the police of incidents of violence and aggression against staff by psychiatric patients and recognise the benefits of reporting such incidents•Develop a framework for assessment and reporting of such incidents committed to the police and to the Crown Prosecution Service (CPS), in the event of possible or actual criminal proceedings•Develop an understanding of the role of the healthcare organisation, the police and the CPS when such incidents are reported to the policeDECLARATION OF INTERESTNone.
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Towoju, Olumide Adewole, Ademola A. Dare, and Samson K. Fashogbon. "Experimental investigation of the performance and emission characteristics of a CI engine equipped with a modified truncated cone piston crown operated on diesel and shea-butter biodiesel." European Journal of Engineering Research and Science 3, no. 10 (2018): 126–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejers.2018.3.10.954.
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Biodiesels and Improved combustion chamber design have better in-cylinder air motion which positioned them to offer increased advantages in addressing the major concern of high emission and low thermal efficiency of compression ignition engines. This study therefore investigated the impact of Shea-butter biodiesel and redesigned combustion chamber on the performance and emission characteristics of a compression ignition engine. Biodiesel was prepared from Shea-butter using the standard process. Experiments were conducted on a Yoshita-165F engine operated on a blend of AGO and Shea-butter biodiesel and then Yoshita-165F engine equipped with a truncated cone piston crown with a cone base-angle of 40° modified from the standard piston, operated on a blend of AGO and Shea-butter to determine the engines’ performance characteristics using a TQ TD115 MKH Absorption Dynamometer. The performance and emission characteristic of the engine witnessed an improvement with the use of the truncated cone piston crown with a cone base-angle of 40°. This was also observed with AGO/Shea-butter biodiesel blend as fuel and was particularly well pronounced when utilized as a fuel for the truncated cone piston crown equipped engine. Compression ignition engine equipped with the modified piston and operated on AGO/Shea-butter biodiesel led to improvement in performance.
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Towoju, Olumide Adewole, Ademola A. Dare, and Samson K. Fashogbon. "Experimental investigation of the performance and emission characteristics of a CI engine equipped with a modified truncated cone piston crown operated on diesel and shea-butter biodiesel." European Journal of Engineering and Technology Research 3, no. 10 (2018): 126–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejeng.2018.3.10.954.
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Biodiesels and Improved combustion chamber design have better in-cylinder air motion which positioned them to offer increased advantages in addressing the major concern of high emission and low thermal efficiency of compression ignition engines. This study therefore investigated the impact of Shea-butter biodiesel and redesigned combustion chamber on the performance and emission characteristics of a compression ignition engine. Biodiesel was prepared from Shea-butter using the standard process. Experiments were conducted on a Yoshita-165F engine operated on a blend of AGO and Shea-butter biodiesel and then Yoshita-165F engine equipped with a truncated cone piston crown with a cone base-angle of 40° modified from the standard piston, operated on a blend of AGO and Shea-butter to determine the engines’ performance characteristics using a TQ TD115 MKH Absorption Dynamometer. The performance and emission characteristic of the engine witnessed an improvement with the use of the truncated cone piston crown with a cone base-angle of 40°. This was also observed with AGO/Shea-butter biodiesel blend as fuel and was particularly well pronounced when utilized as a fuel for the truncated cone piston crown equipped engine. Compression ignition engine equipped with the modified piston and operated on AGO/Shea-butter biodiesel led to improvement in performance.
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Fajri, Agnes. "PENERAPAN ILMU KRIMINALISTIK PADA PENYIDIKAN TINDAK PIDANA CABUL DENGAN KORBAN TUNA WICARA." UNES Law Review 3, no. 2 (2021): 186–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.31933/unesrev.v3i2.165.
Full textAbstract:
The application of criminalism in investigating obscene crimes against speech impaired victims by the PPA Unit of the Satreskrim Polres Agam is a science to help strategies in making light of cases. Criminal science is used to obtain information from victims as crown witnesses or victim witnesses, which is rather difficult to do. This is because the daily conditions of the victim cannot hear (deaf), do not speak (mute), so they cannot communicate properly like normal people, and never go to school. In this regard, investigators use criminalistic science with forensic psychology aids, forensic medicine aids and body language or sign science for the deaf. In forensic medicine, it is used by doing visum et repertum as evidence of violence against the reproductive organs. Forensic Psychology is used to examine the victim's psyche and his honesty about what he is going through. During the investigation into the investigation, the victim was also accompanied by a teacher from the Lubuk Basung Special Elementary School (SDLB). Victims are also examined using props or pictures to make it easier for victims to remember what happened to them, because the victim's memory as a person with a mute disability has limitations.