Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Cruise tourism'

This dissertation defines cruise ship tourism in the context of a local community. The theoretical manifestations and development of cruise ship tourism are presented and analyzed. This research traces the development of the U.S.-based cruise ship industry (i.e. Royal Caribbean Cruises Ltd. and Carnival Corporation & PLC) and its subsequent effects in one port-of-call community, the island of Cozumel, Mexico. Cruise ship tourism in Cozumel is compounded in San Miguel, the island's only urban center, at the three cruise ship piers and associated shopping centers. Defining U.S.-based cruise ship tourism in the context of Cozumel is significant as it is the most important cruise ship port-of-call in Mexico, the Caribbean, and the world (APIQROO 2013; CLIA 2013; FCCA 2013). The focus of this investigation examines the ways the development and corporate practices of the U.S.-based cruise ship industry formulate a climate of competition between local and internationally owned and operated businesses in cruise ship port-of-call communities. The U.S.-based cruise ship industry establishes contracts with businesses for a fee and advertise such businesses on a map for cruise ship tourists. These corporate strategies promulgate inequality between local employee, multinational business, and U.S.-based cruise ship industry as well as local and tourists. Cruise ship tourists in Cozumel affirm these "guaranteed and approved" businesses are safer, more easily accessible, and more frequented than locally-owned and operated options.

This thesis addresses the lack of available research regarding consumer perceptions of sustainability in the cruise industry. The study was conducted by administering an anonymous online survey with cruise message board participants and social media users. The survey was available to all consumers, including consumers who have not cruised. The survey focused on general reasons a consumer books a cruise, consumer travel behaviors, sustainability of the cruise industry, and sustainable factors that may impact a consumers’ choice of a cruise line. The goal of this research was to determine any patterns and trends that may emerge regarding consumer perceptions. The findings of the study showed cruise history and demographics have influenced consumer views on sustainability in the cruise industry.

This study establishes an initial understanding of the state of cruise tourism in the Eastern Canadian Arctic. Two specific objectives were fulfilled; a) to develop an understanding of the goals and operational procedures of current cruise ship operators, and b) to provide insight into the policies that may be necessary for Parks Canada and the Canadian Wildlife Service to enhance management in parks and protected areas.

Cruise tourism in the Eastern Canadian Arctic is a relatively new industry. At present, there is a lack of inclusive government guidelines for the Canadian cruise tourism industry. The steady increase of cruise tourism traffic in the region since 1984 suggests the potential for environmental and social impacts to this fragile polar region. There is a need for the creation of guidelines to direct this tourism activity.

A literature review identified the current state of the cruise line industry in the Eastern Canadian Arctic, Antarctic and Alaskan waters. The policy requirements pertaining to cruise tourism in parks and protected areas were identified including the current management strategies for tourism employed in Northern Canadian parks and protected areas.

Content analysis of current cruise tourism literature themes, which were used to create and conduct interviews that explored these themes. From these findings, data was used to create a policy formation framework that will assist in the planning and management of cruise tourism in the Eastern Canadian Arctic.

The results indicated that cruise tourism in the Eastern Canadian Arctic is percevied as a safe and economically viable industry. The research found a high degree of coherence between the literature and the opinion of the stakeholders in regards to key issues that need to be addressed. Such issues include the need for greater academic research on this topic; the need for policies and guidelines to aid in the management of parks and protected areas in polar regions; a need for unity and cohesion in the Arctic Cruise Tourism Industry and finally, greater government awareness and assistance given to the cruise tourism industry in the Eastern Canadian Arctic. There was also a high degree of enthusiasm from the stakeholders for inter-group and interagency cooperation. This enthusiasm bodes well for the future of cruise tourism policy creation in the Eastern Canadian Arctic.

This thesis proposes a structure for the way forward.

Includes bibliographical references.
Variations in people's notions of sustainability, eco-tourism, and the intersections between the two, calls fora critical assessment of sustainable eco-tourism practices. This is particularly the case in Galápagos, Ecuador, where there has been a recent upsurge in the numbers of eco-tourist visitors and in demand to develop sustainable eco-tourism as also to deal with the social consequences its practices have on people living in the archipelago. My dissertation fieldwork was conducted aboard one of the many catamarans in Galápagos providing eco-tourism opportunities and among terrestrial and marine entry points to the archipelago it visited. My data support an argument that Galapagueños' (Galápagos residents') dependency on eco-tourism has produced both social divides amongst them and changes in their ideas about nature and how to relate to it.

As architectures of the sea, cruise ships are unique, but under-explored spaces of travel and tourism. Characterised by their bounded, mobile and transient distinctiveness, a ship’s inner spaces are inhabited by an onboard community of people for purposes of work or leisure. Framed by the notion of cruise ships as imagined geographies, the primary focus of this study is to interpret and critically explore the discourses of popular films and what these reveal about cruise ships as distinctive socio-cultural spaces of travel and tourism. Embracing Michel Foucault and his influential work on discourse, knowledge and power, popular films are positioned as sites of knowledge production through which particular regimes of truth are constituted. The approach to the analysis of popular films in this study, acknowledges the multisensory nature of film and how such spatial constructs are experienced in and through the imagination, emotion and memory. Conceptualised as liminal spaces which can be temporarily inhabited and travelled through, my embodiments of Carry On Cruising [1962], Ship of Fools [1965] and Titanic [1997] are reflexive in their approach, enabling me to draw on my own experiences of living and working on cruise ships. My voyages with the three films that form the archive of data for the purposes of this study, reveals a uniform set of discourses that engender specific imaginings about travel and vacations at sea. Although different in genre, these films all contribute in varying ways to the notion of ships as hedonistic pleasure spaces of promiscuity and romantic pursuit. Through this archaeological endeavour my excavations also unveil a set of more nuanced and subtle discourses surrounding gender, employment practises, the spatial organisation of ships and shipboard rituals, all of which contribute to particular ways of seeing cruise ships and the cruise experience. In the context of tourism studies, this research makes a methodological contribution in its approach to visuality, discourse and film. Moreover this thesis contributes to a greater understanding of the discursive structures of popular films and what these reveal about the spatial constructs of passengers ships and their embodied cultural practices.

The decision has been made: The new cruise-ship quay in Visby will soon be an essential part of the Swedish island Gotland. This can be a great deal not only in regard to Gotland’s Vision 2025 and its citizens but also for Gotland as a tourist destination and its sustainable tourism development. Therefore, the aim of this study was to explore which sustainable considerations and goal settings Gotland’s municipality emphasised in the decision process of construction a new cruise-ship quay in Visby. Besides, we intended to raise awareness of discussing the cruise project from a sustainable tourism development perspective. This study explored the decision process through an overarching sustainability lens with the help of the triple bottom line (TBL) concept. The analysis was based on a triangulation of protocols and reports, meetings and semi-structured interviews with different key actors. This study contributes to the existing tourism literature by adopt the TBL concept on a political setting. The empirical contribution was to better understand and explain the results normally used by organisations from a broader, more holistic sustainable tourism development perspective. An overall conclusion from our study is that the planning and decision process for building a cruise quay in Visby has left residents not involved in the industry with split reactions. The case study reveals that public participation and public information throughout the decision process is essential to the public legitimacy.

L’industrie de la croisière a considérablement évolué au cours des dernières années. L’espace caribéen occupe une place capitale dans ce marché, de plus en plus globalisé et capitalistique, organisé principalement à partir des ports floridiens et des capitaux extra-caribéens. Les logiques économiques et commerciales de cette industrie, qui déplace des volumes de touristes de plus en plus massifs, échappent aux territoires d’accueil qui ne sont plus en mesure de négocier des conditions économiques susceptibles de soutenir leur développement. La croisière relève désormais du tourisme sous bulle que les consommateurs captifs quittent temporairement pour parcourir quelques ambiances exotiques mises en scène dans le cadre d’enclaves territoriales. Les stratégies des grands armateurs qui visent à maximiser leurs revenus à travers le contrôle des dépenses et donc des consommations de leurs clientèles, sont confortées par les préoccupations actuelles d’ordre sécuritaires, légitimes et entretenues, qui justifient le déroulement de ces séjours dans le cadre de bulles touristiques protégées. Dans le contexte actuel, au regard des logiques économiques qui prévalent dans l’industrie de la croisière, nombre de petites îles s’interrogent sur l’opportunité de soutenir le tourisme de croisière. Trois types d’arguments soutiennent ce positionnement : tout d’abord, les effets d’entraînement sur l’économie local sont loin d’être à la hauteur des attentes (il ne faut pas oublier pas l’importance des investissements qui doivent être réaliser pour disposer des infrastructures adéquates pour accueillir ces imposants navires) ; en second lieu, les modalités actuelles du développement de la croisière (dont le contrôle échappe aux ports d’accueil) vont à l’encontre des projets de développement durable de ces îles et les préoccupations sont sérieuses sur le plan écologique. En dernier lieu, l’argument tant vanté par les professionnels qui affirment que le croisiériste reviendra séjourner à l’occasion de prochaines vacances reste à démonter. Les enquêtes de terrain attestent du profil spécifique de ce visiteur qui évolue dans une douce insouciance festive du navire, ponctuée d’une suite de courtes escales. Le produit «croisière », matérialisé par le paquebot, qui incarne le temple de la consommation, est devenue la destination
The cruise industry has evolved considerably in recent years. The Caribbean area occupies a crucial place in this market, increasingly globalized, capitalistic, and mainly organized from the Floridians ports and extra-Caribbean capital. Economic and commercial logic of this industry, which moves in tourist volumes increasingly massive, escape the host territories which are no longer able to negotiate economic conditions that support their development.The cruise now falls under the tourism bubble that temporarily leave captive consumers to browse some exotic atmospheres staged within the framework of territorial enclaves. The strategies of the major ship owners who aim to maximize their revenues through expenditure control and therefore the consumption of their customers, are supported by the current concerns of safety order, legitimate and maintained, which justify the conduct of these visits as part protected tourist bubbles. In the current context, in light of economic logic prevailing in the cruise industry, many small islands are questioning whether to support cruise tourism. Three types of arguments support this position: first, spillover effects on the local economy are not up to the expectations (do not forget the importance of investments that need to be achieve to have adequate infrastructure to accommodate these imposing vessels); Second, the current terms of the development of the cruise (which is outside the host ports) are against sustainable development projects of the islands and concerns are serious ecologically. Finally, the much vaunted argument by professionals who say that the cruise will return to stay during next vacation rest disassemble. Field surveys attest to the profile of the visitor who evolves in a sweet festive carefree ship, punctuated by a series of short stops. The product "cruise", materialized by the liner, which embodies the temple of consumption, has become the destination

Cruise tourism is the fastest growing sector within the global leisure travel industry. This growth is manifested in the number of passengers and ships being added to the global cruise fleet each year as well as the size of ships. Also, new destinations continue to be added as many coastal cities aspire to deriving economic benefit from cruise tourism. Accordingly, destinations are obliged to consider the (re)development of new cruise infrastructure. Stakeholders within these destinations form networks, initially to advance proposals for that (re)development. These networks may be formal or informal, but each is faced with issues such as the exercise of power within the network, how stakeholders engage with each other, the existence of competing interests and the control over information. In networks where effective governance mechanisms are in place, greater network cohesion and therefore consensus can be achieved, However, where no such mechanisms exist, network fragmentation can result. Network fragmentation can give rise to risks which threaten cruise infrastructure development projects. Previous studies on cruise infrastructure development have focused either on the impacts of cruise infrastructure on host communities and the environment or on stakeholder and community response to cruise infrastructure development. A few have considered the specific issues of cruise port economics and governance. In contrast, studies in the area of public infrastructure development, generally, have recognised that key stakeholders form networks to advance proposals for development and have described those networks. However, limited research appears to have addressed the specific topics of the formation of networks to progress cruise infrastructure development. Moreover, there appears to be an absence of research on the types or characteristics of those networks, the operation of power within them and the potential for risk where there is political debate or dysfunction. Thus, the aim of this research is to understand how stakeholder networks influence proposals for cruise infrastructure development. In the context of this research, the term stakeholder network is used to identify the type of social network which has formed. However, the empirical research undertaken in this study informs a discussion which presents opportunities to further refine the types of networks which form to influence such proposals. Identification of the specific type of network which has formed can assist key stakeholders effectively manage such networks. This research uses a mixed methods approach to address this aim. It uses a media discourse analysis approach to identify the issues of concern to stakeholders over an eightyear period and to build a rich case study based on these issues. In-depth, semi-structured interviews probed stakeholders’ responses to a range of pertinent issues including the exercise of power within the decision-making process, identification of the decisionmakers, sources and sharing of information, governance and risk. A qualitative approach was also used to assess the stakeholders’ roles within the network so that their perceptions of key issues, such as power, could be analysed. Auckland, New Zealand, was chosen as the study site for this research. Auckland is a mature cruise destination which is experiencing significant growth of its cruise tourism sector. However, its cruise infrastructure requires improvements to accommodate bigger ships and more than two ships at a time. Therefore, proposals for its redevelopment are being considered. These proposals are being advanced against the backdrop of a contestable political environment and high profile competing interests. Respondents’ perceptions revealed a network which is neither outwardly identifiable as a network nor cohesive in its organisation. On the contrary, respondents described a network characterised by, for example, the asymmetric exercise of power, the presence of competing interests, a lack of transparency in the decision-making process and the absence of effective governance. They also articulated a wide range of risks which they believed could flow from this lack of cohesion, or fragmentation. Respondents’ perceptions supported recognition of Auckland’s cruise infrastructure development network as a policy issue network, given the network’s openness, instability and the unequal contribution of and control over resources. This research makes several original contributions. Firstly, it presents a conceptual analysis of stakeholder interrelationships and the power stakeholders exercise in relation to cruise infrastructure development. Secondly, it advances a novel framework for analysing power in relation to proposals for cruise infrastructure development. Thirdly, it analyses empirical evidence which conveys how stakeholders perceive the exercise of power within the stakeholder networks formed to advance proposals for cruise infrastructure development. Fourthly, it applies media discourse analysis to analyse the media discourse surrounding proposals for cruise infrastructure development. This approach enables key stakeholders and researchers to construct a nuanced analysis of the key issues as well as reconstruct a cohesive narrative based on media reports. Fifthly, it differentiates between the types of networks which can form to advance proposals for cruise infrastructure development. Applied, original contributions include analyses of the characteristics of stakeholder networks which form to advance proposals for cruise infrastructure development and of stakeholder perceptions of the exercise of power within these networks. This thesis also presents empirically informed insights into the potential for risk where such networks become fragmented. There are limitations to this research which should be recognised. Firstly, this study is based on a single case study. Secondly, a qualitative approach was used to allow for the detailed probing of stakeholders’ perceptions rather than a quantitative approach which can offer precision in describing the structure of the network. Thirdly, this research is based on an informal, open network and not one which has purposely been established. Fourthly, the number of respondents was limited by the small potential pool of respondents. Lastly, this research is limited to the proposal stage of cruise infrastructure development. Several opportunities for future research should be considered. A social network analysis (SNA) approach can be used to provide a more precise view of the contours of similar networks and provide a means for triangulating the qualitative approach taken in this research. While this research was focused on the proposal stage for (re)development in a mature cruise destination, further research could consider other stages of development. A longitudinal study could provide valuable evidence given the protracted time period which is usually associated with large public infrastructure development projects. Another avenue includes extending this research to the broader field of cruise tourism, as destination networks seek to build a sustainable cruise tourism sector.
Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
School of Natural Sciences
Science, Environment, Engineering and Technology
Full Text

Nowadays, cruise tourism is playing a significant role in international tourism and has brought vital economic benefits to ports and destinations. Apart from the economic impact, cruise tourism can also influence a destination in social and environmental aspects. Many researchers have highlighted that understanding how value creation can be achieved from cruise arrivals is vital to local businesses and cruise destinations. However, current research on the value creation of cruise tourism has some gaps such as the limited study sites and the lack of research on social and environmental aspects of sustainability. Gotland is the largest island in the Baltic Sea. As a newly constructed cruise destination, research about the island is not yet as much as destinations like the Caribbean, and the existing research has primarily used qualitative methods. This thesis draws on data from the sustainable visits project in 2018 and uses multiple regression research methods to construct three regression models for empirically analyzing the relationships between on-shore activity, tourism information and tourist's satisfaction on Gotland, and the impact of destination satisfaction on expenditure behavior. The purpose of this thesis is to study the sustainable value creation of cruise tourism on Gotland, Sweden, and contribute to the sustainable development of it as a tourism destination. The study results show that the more abundant on-shore activities one enjoys, the higher the cruiser’s destination satisfaction. The more tourism information about the destination one knows, the higher the cruiser’s destination satisfaction. The higher the cruiser’s destination satisfaction, the larger the cruiser's expenditure in the destination is. Thus, it is suggested to all stakeholders work on enriching on-shore activities as well as providing more high-quality tourism information through collaboration, and thus bringing more tourism expenditure.

Дослідження присвячено аналізу проблем організації та перспектив розвитку круїзного туризму в Україні та світі. В роботі розглянуто історію, сутність та особливості поняття круїзного туризму, визначено основні передумови організації річкових та морських круїзів. Проведено аналіз туристичної діяльності в Україні, сучасного стану світової круїзної індустрії та тенденцій організації круїзного туризму в Україні. Узагальнено проблеми та перспективи розвитку круїзного туризму в Україні, зокрема особливості організації туристичного продукту – круїзного туру, програми просування туристичного продукту – круїзного туру та розроблено круїзний тур по Дніпру з м. Києва з виходом в Київське море.
Исследование посвящено анализу проблем организации и перспектив развития круизного туризма в Украине и мире. В работе рассмотрена история, сущность и особенности понятия круизного туризма, определены основные предпосылки организации речных и морских круизов. Проведен анализ туристической деятельности в Украине, современного состояния мировой круизной индустрии и тенденций организации круизного туризма в Украине. Обзор проблемы и перспективы развития круизного туризма в Украине, в частности, особенности организации туристического продукта – круизного тура, программы продвижения туристического продукта – круизного тура и разработан круизный тур по Днепру из г. Киева с выходом в Киевское море.
The study is devoted to the analysis of problems of organization and prospects of cruise tourism development in Ukraine and the world. The history, essence and features of the concept of cruise tourism are considered in the work, the basic preconditions of the organization of river and sea cruises are defined. The analysis of tourist activity in Ukraine, the current state of the world cruise industry and trends in the organization of cruise tourism in Ukraine. Problems and prospects of cruise tourism development in Ukraine are generalized, in particular features of organization of a tourist product – cruise tour, programs of promotion of a tourist product – cruise tour and the cruise tour on Dnieper from Kiev with an exit to the Kiev sea is developed.

Els paisatges costaners són sistemes socioecològics altament dinàmics i complexos que resulten de la interfície terrestre i marítima. Aquesta interfície crea ecosistemes rics i dinàmics, els quals proporcionen valuosos beneficis a les persones. Per aquest motiu, part del desenvolupament social, cultural i econòmic del món es concentra a les zones costaneres on hi conviuen i es solapen múltiples actors, interessos i activitats. A més, els sistemes socioecològics costaners estan en constant transformació, els quals funcionen a diferents escales temporals i espacials de manera no lineal, per tant, sorgeixen propietats i processos emergents i impredictibles. En aquest context, la recerca sobre els sistemes costaners requereix tenir en compte la complexitat socioecològica. Aquesta recerca emmarca els Serveis dels Ecosistemes (SE) dins d’aquesta complexitat. Els SE són els beneficis que els humans obtenen dels ecosistemes. Mitjançant una revisió sistemàtica, aquesta tesi examina de forma crítica com la literatura científica referent als SE costaners inclou els factors de la complexitat socioecològica. Els resultats mostren buits importants, especialment pel que fa a la inclusió d'aspectes socials dels SE: una comprensió parcial de la coproducció que no inclou aspectes com governança, representacions socials i tecnologia; manca de comprensió de com el poder articula la coproducció, els costos, els beneficis i l'accés als SE; falta d'avaluacions que combinin diferents escales (multi-escalars i trans-escalars); un buit pel que fa a les dimensions intrínseques i relacionals del benestar humà, com també pel que fa a la distribució de benestar entre els grups socials; i la manca d'avaluacions sobre la incertesa. Aquesta tesi doctoral proposa un marc conceptual holístic integrant els buits identificats, el qual té com a objectiu comprendre les interaccions complexes i no lineals, així com els processos de retroalimentació de la producció, oferta, demanda i ús dels SE costaners. D'aquesta manera, el marc articula la relació entre coproducció, accés i relacions de poder. Aquest marc s’aplica per estudiar els creuers a Barcelona, mitjançant una metodologia mixta que combina entrevistes semiestructurades, documents i informes oficials, que s'analitzen qualitativament mitjançant la teoria fonamentada i una enquesta a passatgers de creuers. Aquest treball identifica els SE sol·licitats pels creuers i els seus passatgers, així com el flux d’aquests serveis, des dels sistemes de subministrament fins als de recepció. També s’analitzen els processos de coproducció dels SE, els quals es componen de les interaccions multi-escalars de diferents components socials i ecològics. Els resultats mostren com els fluxos poden ser globals, regionals i locals. Per tant, els creuers estan interconnectats mundialment. Els processos de coproducció d’aquests serveis es basen en dinàmiques de coevolució, ja que els components socials i ecològics es codeterminen els uns als altres. Els acords institucionals i les representacions socials són components fonamentals de coproducció i coevolució, ambdós reforcen altres transformacions de components socioecològics. Aquesta recerca també estudia empíricament els mecanismes d’accés en les diferents etapes dels serveis, les relacions de poder que condicionen els mecanismes d’accés i els impactes derivats del subministrament i demanda dels SE. Els acords formals, la negociació a través de les relacions socials, el coneixement i el capital financer són mecanismes fonamentals d’accés, articulats per relacions de poder estructurades a través de relacions escalars. L’anàlisi dels mecanismes d’accés permet entendre qui té accés als SE, qui en queda exclòs i qui rep els impactes. L'aparell conceptual d'aquesta tesi (model en cascada, model de coevolució, anàlisi de relacions escalars, teoria d'accés i ecologia política) serveix per estudiar la complexitat sociocultural ecològica, és a dir, serveix per obtenir una comprensió profunda de les complexes relacions entre els components socials i ecològics, ja que integra els elements simbòlics i materials dels SE.
Los paisajes costeros son sistemas socio-ecológicos dinámicos y complejos que resultan de la interfaz terrestre y marítima. Esta interfaz crea ecosistemas ricos y dinámicos, los cuales proporcionan valiosos beneficios a las personas. De este modo, parte del desarrollo social, cultural y económico del mundo se concentra en las zonas costeras, en el que conviven y se solapan múltiples actores, intereses y actividades. Además, los sistemas socio-ecológicos costeros están en constante transformación, los cuales funcionan a diferentes escalas temporales y espaciales de manera no-lineal, por lo tanto, surgen propiedades y procesos emergentes e impredecibles. En este contexto, la investigación sobre los sistemas costeros requiere tener en cuenta la complejidad socio-ecológica. Esta investigación enmarca los Servicios de los Ecosistemas (SE) dentro de la complejidad socio-ecológica. Los SE son los beneficios que los humanos obtienen de los ecosistemas. Mediante una revisión sistemática, esta tesis examina de forma crítica como la literatura científica de los SE costeros incluye los factores de la complejidad socio-ecológica. Los resultados muestran los siguientes vacíos, especialmente en cuanto a la inclusión de aspectos sociales de los SE: la falta de los componentes de flujo y demanda del modelo en cascada; una comprensión parcial de la coproducción que no incluye aspectos como gobernanza, representaciones sociales y tecnología; falta de comprensión de cómo el poder sustenta la coproducción, los costes, los beneficios y el acceso a los SE; falta de evaluaciones que combinen diferentes escalas (multiescalares y trans-escalares); un vacío con respecto a las dimensiones intrínsecas y relacionales del bienestar humano, así como de la distribución de bienestar entre los grupos sociales; y la falta de evaluaciones sobre la incertidumbre. Esta tesis doctoral propone un marco conceptual holístico integrando los vacíos identificados, el cual tiene como objetivo comprender las interacciones complejas y no lineales, así como los procesos de retroalimentación de la producción, oferta, demanda y uso de los SE costeros. El marco articula la relación entre coproducción, acceso y relaciones de poder. Mediante una metodología mixta que combina entrevistas semiestructuradas, documentos e informes oficiales, que se analizan cualitativamente mediante teoría fundamentada y una encuesta para pasajeros de cruceros, el marco conceptual se aplica en el estudio los cruceros en Barcelona. Así, se identifican los SE solicitados por los cruceros y el flujo de estos servicios, es decir desde los sistemas de suministro hasta los de recepción, y cómo se han coproducido mediante interacciones multiescalares de diferentes componentes sociales y ecológicos. Los resultados muestran que los flujos de los SE pueden ser globales, regionales y locales y cómo los procesos de coproducción se basan en dinámicas de coevolución, ya que los componentes sociales y ecológicos se codeterminan unos a otros. Los acuerdos institucionales y las representaciones sociales son componentes primordiales de coproducción y coevolución, ambos refuerzan otras transformaciones de componentes socio-ecológicos. Esta tesis doctoral también estudia los mecanismos de acceso, las relaciones de poder que condicionan los mecanismos de acceso y los impactos derivados del suministro y demanda de los SE. Los acuerdos formales, la negociación a través de relaciones sociales, el conocimiento y el capital financiero son mecanismos fundamentales de acceso, mediados por relaciones de poder estructuradas a través de relaciones escalares. El análisis de los mecanismos de acceso permite entender quién tiene acceso a los SE, quien queda excluido y quien recibe los impactos. El aparato conceptual de esta tesis (modelo en cascada, modelo de coevolución, análisis de relaciones escalares, teoría de acceso y ecología política) sirve para estudiar la complejidad socio-ecológica. Es decir, para obtener una comprensión profunda de las complejas relaciones entre los componentes sociales y ecológicos porque integra los elementos simbólicos y materiales de los SE.
Coastal landscapes are highly dynamic and complex socio-ecological systems resulting from the interface of land and sea. This interface creates rich and dynamic ecosystems that provide valuable benefits to humans. Much of the world’s social, cultural, and economic development is concentrated within coastal zones, and they comprise manifold and overlapping actors, activities, and interests. Moreover, coastal socio-ecological systems are under constant transformation. These transformations operate on different temporal and spatial scales in a non-linear manner; hence, unexpected properties and processes emerge. In this context, coastal research to inform and enable coastal management presents the particular need to consider socio-ecological complexity. This research frames the concept of ecosystem services (ES) within socio-ecological systems and political ecology through socio-ecological complexity. Ecosystem services, which are benefits obtained by humans from ecosystems, are the result of coproduction processes between ecological and social components and their multifaceted relations in complex socio-ecological system interactions. Through a systematic literature review, this dissertation critically examines how socio-ecological complexity factors are included in coastal ES literature. The results show the following significant gaps, especially in terms of comprising social aspects of ES: missing cascade-model components of flow and demand; a partial understanding of coproduction with missing core aspects (such as governance, social representations, and technology); a lack of understanding of how power underpins coproduction, trade-offs and access to ES; a lack of assessments that combine different scales (e.g., multi-scale and cross-scale assessments); a gap concerning the intrinsic and relational dimensions of human wellbeing (HWB), as well as the understanding of HWB distribution among social groups; and a lack of uncertainty assessments. To fill the abovementioned gaps, a holistic socio-ecological framework is created. This framework aims to understand the complex and non-linear interactions and feedback processes of coastal ES production, supply, demand, and use. The framework articulates the relationship between coproduction and access and power relations. The created framework serves to study ES demanded by cruise ships in Barcelona through a mixed-method approach by combining semi-structured interviews, official documents, reports (analysed qualitatively using grounded theory analysis), and a survey of cruise ship passengers. This study identifies the ES demanded by cruise ships and their flows from ES provisioning to receiving systems and how these flows have been co-produced through the multi-scalar interactions of different socio-ecological components. The results show that the ES flows of cruise ships embody global, regional, and local scales as well as multi-scale relations and interdependencies. Cruise ships are interconnected worldwide through ES flows. The coproduction of these flows comprises coevolutionary processes, as socio-ecological components co-determine each other. Institutional agreements and social representations are fundamental components of coproduction and coevolution, and both reinforce other component transformations. Adding to that, this research also empirically studies the mechanisms by which stakeholders can access ES at different cascade-model steps and how these mechanisms are underpinned by power relations, and the derived trade-offs of ES from provisioning to receiving systems. Right-based agreements, negotiation via social relations, knowledge, and financial capital are fundamental access mechanisms mediated by power structured through scalar relations. The analysis of access and power reveals who is excluded from ES and how and who receives associated trade-offs and how (i.e. who the winners and losers are). The conceptual apparatus of this thesis (i.e. the cascade-model, coevolution model, scalar relations analysis, access theory, and political ecology approach) serves to study the socio-ecological complexity. Because the study integrated the symbolic and material elements of ES, the study obtains a profound understanding of the complex relations between the social and ecological components.

This final thesis deals with cruises and cruise line industry in general. The first chapter describes cruises and highlights their particulars. The second chapter analyzes all the available statistics (secondary data) that depict the role of cruise line industry in the field of tourism (fleet, cruise lines, passengers, destinations, ports, economic impact). As for the primary research, I created a questionnaire to determine the requirements of respondents for an ideal cruise. I have conducted a mystery shopping, together with a personal interview with an employee of an travel agent's to analyze the state of the market and the sale of cruises both in Czech and Slovak Republic. The last chapter discusses the current and future trends in the cruise industry. The results of this thesis confirm the hypothesis that Czech Republic and Slovakia have the potential to attract customers and bring potential customers.

Com o desenvolvimento do mercado nacional de cruzeiros marítimos, a partir dos anos 2000, o número de cruzeiristas passou a crescer ano a ano até o final da primeira década. Entretanto, esse mercado tem declinado nos últimos anos, tendo a infraestrutura de cruzeiros como um dos fatores que justificam essa queda. Em contrapartida, neste mesmo período, o Brasil se destacou pelos investimentos na área de infraestrutura, dentre elas a estrutura dos portos brasileiros. A falta de estudos sobre o tema dos cruzeiros marítimos e a baixa expectativa sobre o desenvolvimento do setor, criaram um cenário de incertezas e controvérsias sobre o desenvolvimento de sua infraestrutura para os próximos anos. Neste contexto, o estudo visou analisar quais as perspectivas de desenvolvimento da infraestrutura de cruzeiros marítimos no Brasil, baseando-se na investigação suas características, na participação dos stakeholders-chave indicadores de poder, influência e interesse e na discussão de estratégias para o seu desenvolvimento. Esta pesquisa caracteriza-se como qualitativo de natureza descritiva e exploratória, baseando-se na revisão de literatura e na investigação documental. Utilizou-se a entrevista semiestruturada e a amostragem snowball como técnica de coleta de dados. A análise e tratamento dos dados tiveram como princípios a triangulação de dados e a análise de stakeholders. Identificaram-se como stakeholders-chave no processo de desenvolvimento da infraestrutura de cruzeiros brasileira: as armadoras (companhias) de cruzeiros, os investidores privados, a Secretaria de Portos, o Ministério do Turismo e as associações CLIA-Abremar e Brasilcruise. A burocracia e a legislação brasileira apresentam-se como elementos que impedem o desenvolvimento da infraestrutura de cruzeiros, devido à grande variedade de stakeholders envolvidos, em diferentes esferas e competências de atuação, tornando o setor uma estrutura organizacional complexa, lenta e burocrática, revertida em elevados custos operacionais e em grandes barreiras na retomada do crescimento do setor. O segmento de cruzeiros, por sua vez, exige que todas as ações sejam feitas em conjunto e de maneira articulada com os interesses dos stakeholders envolvidos. Apesar disso, apresentam-se expectativas positivas diante da chegada de novos navios ao mercado brasileiro, a partir de 2020, enquanto o seu atual declínio encontra-se principalmente baseado na baixa competitividade do país em relação aos novos destinos emergentes, como Austrália, Nova Zelândia, Cuba e China. Por fim, concluiu-se que a atividade tem nas parceiras parcerias público-privadas um caminho promissor, necessitando de ações integradas entre armadoras, investidores privados, associações e o poder público para o seu pleno desenvolvimento
With the development of the market of sea cruises, mainly from the 2000s, the number of cruise passengers began to grow until the end of the first decade. However, this market has declined in the recent years and the cruise infrastructure is a factor that justify this fall. In contrast, during the same period, Brazil was highlighted by investments in infrastructure, such as the structure of Brazilian ports. The lack of studies on cruises and the low expectations about the industry development created a scenario of uncertainty and controversy about the development of cruise infrastructure in the coming years. In this context, the study aims to analyze what are the perspectives of cruise infrastructure development in Brazil, based on the research of its characteristics, key-stakeholders participation power, influence and interest indicators and discussion of strategies for its development. This qualitative research is also descriptive and exploratory, based on the literature review and documentary research, using semi-structured interviews and snowball sampling as data collection technique. The analysis and processing of the data had the principles of triangulation data and stakeholders analysis. In the process of cruise infrastructure development have been identified as key-stakeholders: cruise lines, private investors, Ports Secretariat, Tourism Ministry and associations CLIA-Abremar and Brasilcruise. The bureaucracy and the Brazilian legislation are presented as elements that prevent the development of cruise infrastructure due to the wide range of stakeholders involved, in different areas and kills, making the industry a complex, slow and bureaucratic organizational structure, converted in high operating costs and high barriers in reactivating the sector\'s growth. Cruise industry, in turn, requires that all actions are made together and meshing with the interests of the stakeholders involved. On the other hand, there are positive expectations about the arrival of new ships to the Brazilian market from 2020, while its current decline is based on the low competitiveness of the country in relation to new emerging destinations such as Australia, New Zealand, Cuba and China. In addition, cruise infrastructure has public-private partnerships as a promising path, requiring actions between cruise lines, private investors and local government

The purpose of this study was to explore the socio-cultural impacts of cruise ship tourism on Port Vila residents and their coping strategies. The study was conducted in Port Vila over the months of June and July 2006. It employs the use of a qualitative research methodology, of participant observation, and semi-structured interviews with a range of tourism stakeholders, including the government, the church and chiefs, as well as a number of small businesses such as public transport operators, small indigenous tour operators and market vendors. These observations and interviews were conducted at the Mama’s Haus project, Centre Point Market Place, and the main wharf area. This thesis was initially aimed at exploring the strategies that the residents of Port Vila used to cope with the impacts caused by cruise ship tourism. As the research progressed, it become apparent from primary data collected that market vendors have not just adapted to the impacts of cruise ship tourism, but that the consequences of their adaptation may be seen as empowering them. They are empowered not just economically, but also psychologically, socially and politically. However, it must be acknowledged that not all small tourist operators in this study felt positively about the impacts of cruise ship tourism; some may be seen as being disempowered. Furthermore, the empowerment of these market vendors is dependent on the continuous flow of cruise ship visits to Port Vila; something beyond their control. The cancellation of future trips or decrease in the number of cruise ship voyages will have significant consequences for the sustainability of this informal sector and the longevity of these micro-enterprises. The study finding implies that coping strategies should not just address how residents and communities cope or respond to tourism, but should also go further by addressing the consequences of the coping strategies adopted.

Une trace est une suite d’empreintes, laissées par le passage d’un être ou d’un objet – c’est donc avant tout l’indice d’un chemin parcouru. C’est à ce déplacement dans le temps et dans l’espace qu’invitent mes travaux de recherche dont l’objectif est de suivre Edith Wharton « à la trace ». La trace, c’est d’abord, pour ce qu’elle nous apprend sur le voyageur et son rapport au monde, cette croisière en Méditerranée qu’elle entreprend en 1888 à bord du Vanadis. C’est également l’empreinte qui subsiste de cette expérience du voyage : un manuscrit dactylographié qui retrace le périple et rend compte du rapport particulier d’Edith Wharton à l’écriture.La trace – ce qu’on suit (« suivre à la trace ») – renvoie donc à une double activité : d’une part au voyage lui-même, d’autre part, à l’exploration de toutes les pistes que j’ai cru bon d’ouvrir à partir du document originel : sur la vie et l’œuvre d’Edith Wharton, sur son environnement socio-culturel et sur le genre de la littérature de voyage – toute une série d’empreintes, donc de signes conduisant à de nombreux signifiés. La question demeure toujours, en dernier ressort, de savoir si les signifiés que croit avoir découvert le chercheur sont bien ceux de l’écrivain
A trace is both a material imprint and a trail or series of imprints, marking the passage of a being or an object in transit; it can therefore be understood as the material evidence of a path that has been pursued. In the particular context of this research, the term trace refers first and foremost to the record of a sea voyage. This unpublished journal, kept by Edith Wharton, gives an account of the various stages of the Mediterranean cruise she made in the yacht, the Vanadis, in the spring of 1888.This long book is of particular interest, insofar as it, not only gives a fascinating account of the response of a young nineteenth-century cultivated American to the different cultures discovered in the course of a voyage leading her from North Africa to the Greek Islands and the shores of the Adriatic, but also provides valuable insight into the early responses of an artist in the making.The term “trace” therefore refers to both these aspects: first the voyage itself, the places visited, their physical features and historical significance; secondly the traces left by the visitor who embarked on this adventure at a turning point in her life. The sentiment that the future artist is poised at the crossroads of her existence, leads the researcher – in an attempt to leave as few stones as possible unturned – on a trail leading back to her past and forward to her future. This investigation would not be complete without a survey of travel literature, as the particular genre Edith Wharton has chosen as her means of expression. All these traces unite to form a series of “signs” (in the Saussurian sense of the word), which the researcher endeavours to interpret in the hopes of understanding what is “signified” on a deeper level

Today cruise tourism represents an important share of tourism market. During 2018 this sector has handled 28.5 millions of passengers at the global level, whit an increasing higher than 600% from 1990 to today. At the same time, cruise sector is responsible of a large amount of impacts for the local communities, host territories, atmosphere and waterways. This sector is a touristic product multi-destination by sea because includes a large number of intermediate ports, selected for touristic attractions in order to satisfying a more detailed demand (e.g. by a medium level target of consumer-users with a fair awareness of environmental implications). This thesis, as a part of for the scientific disciplinary sector SECS-P/13 (Commodities Sciences), offers an opportunity to analyze the relationship between the growth of the cruise market and the management of environmental sustainability. We have tried to understand how sustainability approach it is implemented, both on the product supply’s side (cruise companies) and consumer's product side (cruise passengers). Then, this analysis allowed us to know weaknesses and strengths of this tourism sector. This thesis consists of three parts: a part is a review thesis (First Part - Review), a part is a descriptive and comparative research thesis (First Part - Regulations, Second Part - Impacts and Sustainability Report) and the last part is an experimental thesis (Third part - Applications). With the thesis "Environmental sustainability in cruise tourism. Some applications" we have offered some points of analysis for scientific research, in particular in the field of environmental impacts.

Mestrado em Ciências Empresariais
O presente trabalho tem como objetivo a criação de um plano de Marketing para uma companhia de cruzeiros. Para a execução deste plano, foi realizado um estudo quantitativo e qualitativo que ajudaram a roborar a ideia deste projeto. A Companhia Portuguesa de Cruzeiros, CristaLine, tem como finalidade, alcançar o maior target possível no mercado e surpreender os amantes de viagens com outras alternativas diferentes e menos dispendiosas. Atualmente, devido ao pouco tempo que a vida quotidiana oferece e/ou às baixas possibilidades económicas, raramente se pondera ir de férias, sair aos fins de semana ou simplesmente, sair da rotina. Já a pensar em todas estas situações, a Companhia de Cruzeiros CristaLine é inovadora nas suas rotas, restringindo as mesmas a rotas de curta distância que irão percorrer as principais cidades costeiras de Portugal, de Espanha e de Marrocos. Tratando-se de uma frota com um número suficiente de navios, inspirados nos veleiros da Companhia SeaCloud, as viagens de ida e volta terão a duração máxima de 3 dias a contar do dia de embarque. Com base no planeamento anual de viagens, de cada um dos navios da CristaLine, o consumidor poderá escolher a cidade que mais lhe agrada na altura pretendida e, sem contar com os inconvenientes de transferes, alojamento e alimentação, marcar a sua viagem e usufruir de uns dias diferentes, sozinho, com família ou amigos.
The present work is intended to the creation of a marketing plan for a new cruise company. For the implementation of this plan, a quantitative and qualitative study was carried out that helped to underpin the idea of this project. The Portuguese Cruise Company, CristaLine, aims to reach the highest possible target in the market and surprise travel lovers with other different and less expensive alternatives. Nowadays, due to the little time that daily life offers and the low economic possibilities, it is rarely considered going on vacation, going out on weekends or simply "getting out of the rut". Already thinking about all these situations, CristaLine Company is innovative in its cruise routes, restricting them, to short distance routes that will cover the main coastal cities of Portugal, Spain and Morocco. In the case of a fleet with enough ships, inspired by SeaCloud Company sailboats, around trips shall have a maximum duration of 3 days from the day of embarkation. Based on the annual travel planning of each of the CristaLine vessels, the consumer will be able to choose the city that best suits them at the time he or she wishes, and without the inconvenience of transfers, accommodation and meals, book the trip and enjoy a few different days alone, with family or friends.
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

Due to urbanization and the population of cities producing up to 75% of emission, Smart City concepts, looking at sustainability and more efficiency within the city, with the help of IoT and ICT based technology, are seen as an opportunity to act future-oriented, today. Construction and transportation are seen as the main contributors on the way of change from energy consumption to energy production. Enhancing infrastructure to improve the quality of all sorts of public transportation is thus of utter importance to governance, interested in Smart City concepts. Looking at the literature, waterborne transportation has not received much scientific attention in the context of being implemented into Smart City initiatives. This systematic literature research draws logical conclusions from the researched literature. The research concludes with a research agenda for future research to deepen the knowledge in the explanatory field of waterborne transportation making use of Smart City technologies. The main findings of this thesis are: First, waterborne transportation poses a threat to the environment and impacts sustainability of water bodies, as well as the environment surrounding them. Second, Smart City technologies can successfully be implemented in waterborne transportation when carefully planned. Barriers for the implementation of Smart City concepts can be lack of knowledge, investment, data security and readiness of infrastructure. These can be overcome through the help of collaboration and knowledge sharing among the involved stakeholders. Third, the image of the industry can be shifted, as well as its direct impact and the indirect use of waterborne transportation can be made more sustainable and ecosystem friendly. This transition attracts further customers, who otherwise were not willing to use waterborne transportation. In order to make waterborne transportation more sustainable and part of the Smart City movement, knowledge needs to be deepened and awareness about the topic needs to be spread. Its use of Smart City technologies needs to be further investigated, looking at specific types and tailored solutions for them, as well as how beneficial such an investment can be for governments and companies regarding ecological costs and their image. This thesis mainly aims to help scholars, interested in further research to deepen the knowledge on waterborne transportation in a sustainability context, but also companies and governance, looking to make waterborne transportation more sustainable.

Mèxic va impulsar la creació de Mahahual com a destinació turística al sud de l'estat de Quintana Rosego. El turisme de creuers ha evolucionat particularment a Quintana Rosego. El cas d'estudi es va abordar amb el paradigma de Sistemes socioecològics, analitzant l'impacte ambiental de les activitats turístiques recreatives que realitzen els passatgers de creuer, es van realitzar 385 enquestes, es va determinar el perfil del passatger de creuers, tipus d'activitats turístiques recreatives que realitza i àmbit terrestre o marí. Per a la Percepció ambiental del lloc on van realitzar activitats turístiques recreatives, el conjunt de la mostra va esmentar la categoria Excel·lent i Molt Bé. A la Percepció urbà-ambiental la categoria amb major percentatge per a la mostra és Molt Bé i Bé. En ambdues percepcions, les diferències entre passatgers del Canadà i EUA van ser estadísticament significatives (p <0,001). L'opinió de la comunitat, els prestadors de serveis i el sector públic va ser obtinguda mitjançant entrevistes, ells esmenten la realitat ambiental i econòmica que els envolta, presenten respostes a problemàtiques ambientals, socials i econòmiques. L'impacte ambiental de les activitats turístiques recreatives va ser qualificat utilitzant un semàfor. Aquest va assenyalar que els impactes alts són més grans en l'àmbit terrestre que en el marí, els moderats són majors en el marí que en el terrestre. Es recomana intervenció en el maneig dels passatgers de creuer amb la finalitat de preservar la sostenibilitat del destí o millorar-la. El desenvolupament sostenible va ser avaluat utilitzant indicadors ambientals, els resultats llancen que és temps de prendre accions. Hi ha una xarxa d'agents i relacions de poder en el sistema turístic, on els inversors s'han apoderat de l'activitat del turisme de creuers. No hi ha un turisme sostenible de creuers basat en el Model turístic sostenible observat en els instruments de planificació del desenvolupament, la normativitat ambiental i turística vigents.
México impulsó la creación de Mahahual como destino turístico en el sur del estado de Quintana Roo. El turismo de cruceros ha evolucionado particularmente en Quintana Roo. El caso de estudio se abordó con el paradigma de Sistemas Socioecológicos, analizando el impacto ambiental de las actividades turísticas recreativas que realizan los pasajeros de crucero, se realizaron 385 encuestas, se determinó el perfil del pasajero de cruceros, tipo de actividades turísticas recreativas que realiza y ámbito terrestre o marino. Para la Percepción ambiental del lugar donde realizaron actividades turísticas recreativas, el conjunto de la muestra mencionó la categoría Excelente y Muy Bien. En la Percepción urbano-ambiental la categoría con mayor porcentaje para la muestra es Muy Bien y Bien. En ambas percepciones, las diferencias entre pasajeros de Canadá y EUA fueron estadísticamente significativas (p<0,001). La opinión de la comunidad, los prestadores de servicios y el sector público fue obtenida mediante entrevistas, ellos mencionan la realidad ambiental y económica que les rodea, presentan respuestas a problemáticas ambientales, sociales y económicas. El impacto ambiental de las actividades turísticas recreativas fue cualificado utilizando un semáforo. Este señaló que los impactos altos son mayores en el ámbito terrestre que en el marino, los moderados son mayores en el marino que en el terrestre. Se recomienda intervención en el manejo de los pasajeros de crucero con la finalidad de preservar la sustentabilidad del destino o mejorarla. El desarrollo sustentable fue evaluado usando indicadores ambientales, los resultados arrojan que es tiempo de tomar acciones. Existe una red de agentes y relaciones de poder en el sistema turístico, donde los inversionistas se han empoderado de la actividad del turismo de cruceros. No existe un turismo sustentable de cruceros basado en el Modelo turístico sustentable observado en los instrumentos de planeación del desarrollo, la normatividad ambiental y turística vigentes.
Mexico promoted the creation of Mahahual as a tourist destination in the south of the state of Quintana Roo. Cruise tourism has evolved particularly in Quintana Roo. The case study was addressed with the Socioecological Systems paradigm, analyzing the environmental impact of recreational tourist activities carried out by cruise passengers, 385 surveys were carried out, the cruise passenger profile was determined, type of recreational tourist activities carried out and land or marine environment. For the environmental perception of the place where they carried out recreational tourism activities, the whole of the sample mentioned the category Excellent and Very Good. In Urban-Environmental Perception, the category with the highest percentage for the sample is Very Good and Good. In both perceptions, the differences between passengers from Canada and the USA were statistically significant (p <0.001). The opinion of the community, the providers of services and the public sector was obtained through interviews, they mention the environmental and economic reality that surrounds them, they present responses to environmental, social and economic problems. The environmental impact of recreational tourist activities was qualified using a traffic light. He pointed out that the high impacts are greater in the terrestrial sphere than in the marine one, the moderates are greater in the marine than in the terrestrial one. Intervention in the management of cruise passengers is recommended in order to preserve the sustainability of the destination or improve it. Sustainable development was evaluated using environmental indicators, the results show that it is time to take action. There is a network of agents and power relations in the tourism system, where investors have been empowered by the activity of cruise tourism. There is no sustainable cruise tourism based on the sustainable tourism model observed in the development planning instruments, the current environmental and tourist regulations.

Cruise travel has become very popular worldwide. The North American cruise market is the world's biggest. Asian countries are among the fastest-growing outbound market for cruise travel. The Taiwanese cruise market has grown substantially. However, few research studies have examined Taiwanese travelers' motivation to experience a cruise vacation, and their satisfaction with the experience. Primary data was collected from a convenience sample of Taiwanese tourists who had been on North American cruise tours. Survey respondents were first time cruisers, over 40 years old, married, and had a Bachelor's degree, or higher. Push and pull motivational factors were identified. Respondents were influenced by recommendations from media and people. Respondents were satisfied with tangibles, cleanliness, food choices and selection, and responsiveness of staff. An overwhelming majority of cruisers would re-visit and recommend this trip. Implications for researchers and practitioners are suggested.

Doctor of Philosophy
Department of Hospitality Management and Dietetics
Rebecca Gould
Chihyung Ok
Offering memorable experiences to customers is an effective marketing strategy in hospitality and tourism. However, the effects of memorable experiences have remained largely unexamined. Two research models were proposed through a literature review to present the antecedents that effectively lead to memorizing travel experiences. Since researchers in customer service management have recently claimed the significance of creating good memories related to consumption experiences, this study developed the discussion on links among the antecedents and memory and hypothesized the sequential relationships among the constructs. Study 1 examined the relationships between antecedents (experience quality, hedonic value, utilitarian value, and satisfaction) and post-experience memory in cruise tourism. Using an online survey, 375 vacationers who traveled on an ocean cruise ship were recruited. Structure Equation Modeling showed that the experience quality of cruise travel consisting of seven experience dimensions had a positive influence on helping memory formation through hedonic value and utilitarian value. The results underscored the critical effect of memory on word-of-mouth. This study documented that hedonic value driven by travel experience quality had a more important role in delivering the effect to memory than utilitarian value. However, in the research model of study 1, satisfaction was not connected to memory. Mediation effect analysis individually tested the partial mediating role of memory in the relationship between hedonic value/utilitarian value/satisfaction and word-of-mouth. Study 2 examined the effects of emotions on memory, particularly the potential moderating effect of arousal on the relationship between valence and memory. This study not only proposed the direct influence of arousal and valence on memory, but also hypothesized the quasi-moderating effect of arousal in amplifying the influence of valence on increasing memory. The results of hierarchical regression analysis using the dataset of 375 samples presented the direct relationships between arousal/valence and memory were shown although the hypothesis regarding the moderating role of arousal was rejected. Two emotional dimensions (arousal and valence) were found to be significant predictors of increased memory quality, but the moderating effect of arousal was not supported. Based on the findings of this study, practical implications for the tourism industry are provided, along with future research ideas.

Ковиліна, М. О. Державне регулювання розвитку морського туризму в Україні : дис. ... канд.екон. наук : 08.00.03 / М. О. Ковиліна. - Одесса, 2019. - 232 с.
Дослідження присвячено обґрунтуванню теоретичних та практичних засад державного регулювання розвитку морського туризму. У дисертації визначено, що морський туризм доцільно розглядати як діяльність, пов’язану з наданням туристично-рекреаційних послуг (круїзні, яхтинг, пляжні, дайвінг, рибалка, серфінг тощо), використовуючи ресурси моря і прибережних територій. Ідентифіковані фактори, які впливають на розвиток морського туризму. Визначені складові соціально-економічної системи розвитку морського туризму. Обґрунтовано, що формування та реалізація механізму державного регулювання морського туризму передбачає перш за все своєчасне та дієве плануванню розвитку морської туристичної діяльності на міжнародному, національному та регіональному рівнях. З’ясовано стан державного регулювання розвитку морського туризму в Україні шляхом проведення факторного аналізу із використанням методів PEST та SWOT. Запропоновано організаційну модель забезпечення взаємної узгодженості інтересів суб’єктів концепції державного регулювання розвитку морського туризму в Україні. Обґрунтований методичний підхід до оцінки результативності механізму державного регулювання розвитку морського туризму в Україні, який передбачає побудову кваліметричної моделі та визначення факторів формування попиту на морські туристичні послуги. Запропоновано структуру морського транспортно-туристичного кластеру та ідентифіковано фактори, які впливають на ефективність його функціонування.
Исследование посвящено обоснованию теоретических и практических основ государственного регулирования развития морского туризма. В диссертации определено, что морской туризм целесообразно рассматривать как деятельность, связанную с предоставлением туристско-рекреационных услуг (круизные, яхтинг, пляжные, дайвинг, рыбалка, серфинг и т.д.), используя ресурсы моря и прибрежных территорий и целью которой является получение социального (отдых и оздоровления населения) и экономического (увеличение поступлений в бюджет) эффектов. Идентифицированы факторы, влияющие на развитие морского туризма: природно-климатические, культурно-исторические, социально-экономические, туристической привлекательности и эффективности государственного регулирования. Определены составляющие социально-экономической системы развития морского туризма, которая включает: субъектов (туристы, участники, которые обеспечивают материальную и нематериальную составляющую функционирования системы, участники, которые обеспечивают реализацию морской туристической услуги); объект (морские туристические услуги); органы государственной власти; финансово-экономические, общественно-политические, информационно-консалтинговые связи. Обосновано, что формирование и реализация механизма государственного регулирования морского туризма предполагает прежде всего своевременное и эффективное планированию развития морской туристической деятельности на международном, национальном и региональном уровнях. Результативность предложенного механизма зависит от: уровня взаимодействия государства с частным сектором в контексте выполнения национальных планов развития морского туризма; состояния и видов инфраструктуры морского туризма; полноты использования всех инструментов государственного регулирования, в том числе мотивационных, которые ориентированы на формирование благоприятной среды для развития морского туризма и поддержку инновационно-инвестиционных процессов. Систематизированы социально-экономические условия и результаты развития морской круизной индустрии на основании альтернативных концепций сбалансированности потребления и сохранения и уточнены теоретические основы прогнозирования основных тенденций дальнейшего развития производственного потенциала этой сферы экономической деятельности. Выяснено состояние государственного регулирования развития морского туризма в Украине путем проведения факторного анализа с использованием методов PEST и SWOT. Предложена организационная модель обеспечения взаимной согласованности интересов субъектов концепции государственного регулирования развития морского туризма в Украине. Данная модель ориентирована на достижение взаимной согласованности экономических интересов основных групп субъектов путем использования организационно-институциональных форм, способов и действий. Обоснован методический подход к оценке результативности механизма государственного регулирования развития морского туризма в Украине, который предусматривает построение квалиметричной модели и определения факторов формирования спроса на морские туристические услуги. Разработаны предложения по повышению результативности механизма государственного регулирования развития морского туризма в Украине. Предложена структура морского транспортно-туристического кластера и идентифицированы факторы, влияющие на эффективность его функционирования. Отмечено, что структура кластера должна быть максимально простой и состоять из трех основных составляющих: основные услуги, сопутствующие услуги и деятельность вспомогательных институтов.
The research is devoted to the substantiation of theoretical and practical principles of state regulation of the development of maritime tourism. The dissertation determines that it is expedient to consider sea tourism as activity related to the provision of tourist and recreational services (cruise, yachting, beach, diving, fishing, surfing, etc.), using the resources of the sea and coastal areas. Identified factors that influence the development of maritime tourism. The components of the socio-economic system of development of maritime tourism are defined. It is substantiated that the formation and implementation of the mechanism of state regulation of sea tourism envisages, first of all, the timely and effective planning of development of maritime tourism activity at the international, national and regional levels. The state of state regulation of development of maritime tourism in Ukraine is determined by conducting factor analysis using PEST and SWOT methods. The organizational model of ensuring the mutual harmonization of interests of subjects of the concept of state regulation of development of maritime tourism in Ukraine is offered. The methodical approach to the assessment of the effectiveness of the mechanism of state regulation of the development of maritime tourism in Ukraine is substantiated, which involves the construction of a qualimetric model and the determination of factors for the formation of demand for maritime tourism services. The structure of the marine transport-tourist cluster is proposed and the factors influencing the efficiency of its operation are identified.

This thesis employs Generational Theory to examine the motivation for and tourism expectations of Generation Xers. It seeks to understand the impacts of generation change on future demand for tourism products such as European river cruises. Using a phenomenological research design, data has been gathered from sample populations in Australia and the United States. Outcomes from this research present decision makers with ways in which tourism organisations can prepare for engagement with this generational cohort.

Tese de Mestrado em Arquitectura com a especialização em Planeamento Urbano e Territorial
O rio e a cidade de Lisboa tiveram ao longo dos tempos várias etapas na sua relação, que vão desde a sua origem de uma forma integrada ao corte da relação. Averiguou-se formas de fazer cidade e quais as mais adequadas tentando ter sempre presente não só a sustentabilidade económica, sem duvida importante, mas também e igualmente necessárias, a sustentabilidade social e ambiental como garantia de investimento num futuro mais promissor e mais sustentável. Neste trabalho contextualizou-se historicamente a relação entre o rio e a cidade e a sua transformação na realidade actual do turismo, com maior incidência no emergente turismo de cruzeiros, geralmente menos sustentável do que seria desejável. O turismo de cruzeiros apenas tem sido visto do ponto de vista económico, merecendo por parte dos organismos de poder apenas essa atenção deixando de lado outras vertentes, não menos importantes, da forma de planear cidade. Aplicou-se à investigação a análise da forma como as opções urbanísticas têm sido tomadas e relacionar o fenómeno do turismo de cruzeiros e a sua relação com a cidade pós-industrial e o seu sistema em rede, assim como analisar as questões de coesão territorial dentro de uma lógica sistémica ou em rede. Por fim verificou-se como o turismo de cruzeiro enquanto actividade de consumo se pode relacionar com a cidade contemporânea.
The river Tagus and the city of Lisbon had over the years various stages in their relationship ranging from its origin to its outline. This dissertation tries to establish ways of building a city and determine the most appropriate ones, taking into consideration not only their economic sustainability, indubitable important, but also their social and environmental sustainability as an assurance for a brighter and more sustainable future. The dissertation contextualizes historically the relationship between the river and the city and its transformation in the current situation of tourism, focusing on the emerging cruise tourism, generally less sustainable than it should. The cruise tourism has always been seen by the governmental bodies only from the economic point of view, leaving aside other aspects, not less important, from the city planning. The research provides an analysis of how urban planning options have been taken and tries to link them to the occurrence of cruise tourism and its relation to post-industrial city and its network system, and to analyze the issues of territorial cohesion within a systemic logic or network. Finally, it was investigated how cruise tourism as a consumer activity could be related to the contemporary city.

Orientador: Heloisa Turini Bruhns
Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Educação Fisica
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Resumo: A presente pesquisa visa o estudo dos cruzeiros marítimos enquanto alternativa de lazer, com foco nas décadas de 1950 e 1960, relacionando-os com o momento atual. Tal estudo pretende auxiliar os profissionais de Educação Física, os quais estão sendo bastante requisitados para desenvolverem e planejarem as diversas atividades de lazer a bordo dos cruzeiros. O trabalho inclui ainda o levantamento histórico mundial dos cruzeiros, bem como o panorama histórico brasileiro. São apresentados conceitos de cruzeiros marítimos utilizados por diferentes autores nacionais e internacionais numa visão crítica, polemizando as abordagens. Apresenta, ainda, as principais características dos cruzeiros, criando um paralelo com o passado e abordando a evolução que o conceito de lazer ganhou neste setor nos últimos anos, incluindo as principais atividades de lazer desenvolvidas a bordo dos navios de cruzeiro. Aborda também as relações entre o lazer e o turismo introduzindo o cruzeiro marítimo neste panorama, relacionando-o com as questões do tempo 'livre', do prazer, do ritmo que as atividades de lazer toma a bordo e das sensações que podem ser experimentadas pelo corpo em alto mar. A análise dos cruzeiros nas décadas de 1950 e 1960 busca o simbólico que aflora no imaginário popular na atualidade, resgatado por meio de pesquisa documental. O estudo aborda ainda a questão do 'tempo morto', inevitável nos deslocamentos em viagens e sua otimização nos cruzeiros. A pesquisa comparativa-exploratória não pretende esgotar o tema, mas busca contribuir como um passo inicial para estudos mais aprofundados do lazer a bordo dos cruzeiros marítimos
Abstract: The present research aims the study of cruises as an alternative for tourism, focusing the decades 1950 and 1960, relating them to the present. This study aims to aid the professionals of Physical Education, who are being very required to develop and plan leisure activities related to the body on board cruise ships. Includes the research of cruise history in the world as well as the brazilian panorama. It will presents cruise definitions of national and foreign authors in a critical view of the approaches. Presents also the main cruises characteristics, creating a parallel with the past and coments the evolution of leisure concept has gain in the industry lately, including the main leisure activities on board cruise ships. Studies the relation between leisure and tourism, introducing cruising int he panorama, relating it to the not working time, pleasure, rhythm of the leisure activities on board and body sensations experienced in high sea. The analisys of cruises in the decades of 1950 and 1960 searched for symbols created presently on commom sense imaginary, recovered through a documental investigation. The study comments the 'dead time', inevitable during travel transportation and its optimization on cruises. The comparative-exploratory investigation do not intend to exhaust the theme, but aims to contribute as an initial step for deeper studies
Mestrado
Educação Fisica e Sociedade
Mestre em Educação Física

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O presente trabalho foi elaborado com o intuito de compreender a maneira como o processo de formação profissional em Turismo e Hotelaria contribui para a hospitalidade e para qualidade no atendimento e na prestação de serviços aos turistas do Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto do Rio de Janeiro. O objetivo geral da pesquisa é unir os fatores que influenciam na prestação de serviços ao turista no Terminal de Passageiros do Porto do Rio, desde a formação dos profissionais até as características da atividade em questão, identificando os tópicos mais relevantes ao processo de atendimento aos passageiros e os demais referenciais teóricos demonstrados. Os objetivos específicos são: trazer uma abordagem teórica e reflexiva sobre a hospitalidade e educação profissional em Turismo e Hotelaria; explanar sobre a caracterização da atuação profissional, tal como o turismo de cruzeiros marítimos e sua importância junto ao Porto do Rio; analisar, com base em observações e percepções dos estudantes e o relato da gestora da empresa responsável pelos serviços prestados no Terminal de Cruzeiros, a estrutura global de atendimento e acolhimento dos passageiros dos cruzeiros marítimos. Tal análise permitiu um olhar diferenciado sobre os estudos da hospitalidade implícitos no processo de construção das habilidades e competências profissionais e na prestação de serviços ao turista, como um todo.
This monography aims to understand how the process of professional education in Tourism and Hospitality can contributes to the hospitality and service quality for the tourists from the Cruise Terminal of the Port of Rio de Janeiro. The general objective is to unite the factors that influence the provision of services to tourists at the Passenger Terminal of the Port of Rio, since the education of professionals to the characteristics of the activity in question, identifying the most relevant topics for passengers’ treatment, besides other theories mentioned. The specific objectives are: do bring a theoretical and reflective approach to hospitality and professional education in Tourism and Hospitality; explain about the characterization of professional practice, such as tourism cruises and its importance at the Port of Rio de Janeiro. Analyze, based on observations and perceptions of students, professionals and reporting on organizational management of the Cruise Terminal, the overall structure of treatments and reception of passengers on cruises. Such analysis will allow a different look on the studies of hospitality implicit in the construction of professional skills and competence process and providing services to tourists as a whole.

The problem statement for this study was: "Will there be a significant difference between the mean verbal format and mean visual format CEWAS scores of fifth and sixth grade students'" There would seem a need for this study due to the increasing number of participants in outdoor recreational activities. This increase introduces many environmental concerns which must be addressed in order to maintain present conditions at wilderness areas. Data related to wilderness anxiety among fifth and sixth grade male and female students attending McNeill Elementary School in Bowling Green, Kentucky, were collected analyzed for significant difference. Randomly selected pretest (verbal format) and posttest (visual format) groups completed the Crume/Ellis Wilderness Anxiety Scale, which measures wilderness anxiety in seven specific areas and total score. Each of the seven factor scores and the total scores were tested for pre- and posttest significant difference among males and again among females. Analysis of data related to the verbal format CEWAS pretest for males and females indicated that there was a significant difference between mean male and mean female CEWAS pretest scores. In light of the above, it was determined that the study populations should be separated into samples of males and females for pre- and posttest analysis. Male paired t test results indicated that total mean group score and two factor mean scores produced significant difference at .05 or greater. Five factor mean scores failed to produce significant difference. Female paired t test results indicated that total mean group score failed to produce a significant difference (.05 or greater). This was also the case with five of the factor scores. A significant difference (.05 or greater) was found on two factors: (a) Sudden Attack and (b) Inclement Weather, the same factors that produced significant differences among males.

碩士
國立中正大學
經濟系國際經濟學研究所
106
This paper aims to investigate the potential factors that may influence the number of foreign cruise passengers to Taiwan during the sample period of January 2012 to December 2016. We place special focus on two variables, the media message and the passenger capacity rate of airliner, in addition to the commonly-used explanatory variables (such as distance and GDP) in the Gravity model. The media message variables are first collected by writing the web crawler program which automatically searches cruise-related news in Google. Then the selected news are further classified by visual inspection into positive and negative ones. From the estimation of Poisson pseudo maximum likelihood (PPML), we confirm that all positive media messages have significant impacts on attracting the foreign cruise passengers and the online news is the most important one. Besides, the fact that the number of foreign cruise passengers rises when the number of passenger capacity rate of airliner increases provides a crucial policy implication that building a closer cooperation between the cruise and aviation industries in Taiwan will be vital to the tourism industry in the future.

碩士
中華大學
企業管理學系
106
The aging of population speed day by day was in recent years serious. The Taiwan old age population surpasses the childhood population for the first time in 2017, mean the Taiwan advanced age population are more and more. Senior tourism’s economic capacity compares surpasses the general strong social stratum.And senior tourism is the important expense group in the traveling market. Asia's cruise tourism has the suitable potential in the few years. Therefore this research conducts the research to the senior tourism and the cruise tourism. The results of the study have revealed that the senior tourism safety is the most important factor for the senior tourism’s traveling wish.So the government and the tourism operators promote the senior tourism’s cruise tourism should be a priority to create safe tourist environment and to strengthen the medical aspects of software and hardware equipment. Cruise tour operators should be appropriate to barrier-free environment and facilities for the safety planning. This study suggested that people should strengthen understanding of cruise tourism, to enhance the seniors tourist motives, and promote tourism. Finally, summarized the conclusion of this research, and for the government and the tourism industry in the future promotion cruise tour Suggestions are put forward.

Small Island Developing States (SIDS) face a unique set of challenges when it comes to the field of Planning. In 1992, the United Nations Earth Summit brought international attention to SIDS; the combination of geographic isolation, small size, and limited resources were listed as a few of the unique environmental and economic disadvantages facing these islands. The island of St.Lucia, located in the Lesser Antilles of the Caribbean, is classified by the United Nations as one of the vulnerable SIDS in the Caribbean region. Since the 1992 Earth Summit, the literature on planning strategies for SIDS has shifted away from an economic based mass tourism strategies toward a culturally and environmentally focused sustainable tourism strategies; such as eco-tourism and community-based tourism. Mass tourism, through the form of cruise ship tourism, is currently the largest sector of the Caribbean tourism market. Based on the cruise tourism trends over the past 30 years, the Caribbean cruise tourism industry is expected to continue to grow at a rapid pace. The continual growth in this form of mass tourism contradicts the current planning policy trends toward sustainable tourism strategies. In order to better understand ways of connecting cruise tourism to small island sustainable tourism, this thesis examines aspects of the mass cruise tourism-sustainable tourism contradiction. This thesis evaluates the various types of tourism development strategies for SIDS, as well as, examines St.Lucia’s current tourism development policies. Interviews with local onshore business owners were then conducted in order to understand the relationship between local cruise-dependant businesses and the cruise ship industry. Finally, recommendations are given on ways to incorporate cruise tourism into St.Lucia’s existing community-based tourism goals.

Over the last decade, cruise tourism has become a significant source of revenue for many regions like the Mediterranean. Passengers who (dis)embark on a cruise typically spend two to three nights in the (dis)embarking city, therefore spending more money than tourists on transit, who typically only spend about eight hours in town. However, most cruise tourists who arrive in Lisbon are on transit. This work project aims to discuss ways to increase the number of cruises that begin/end their journeys in Lisbon, considering factors such as incentives and promotion, as well as the recent investment on a new cruise terminal.

碩士
國立交通大學
運輸與物流管理學系
105
Nowadays, the international cruise market develops rapidly. The number of people taking cruises to Asia increases gradually. The Taiwan Ministry of Transportation and Communication has planned Keelung port to be the main international port of call. After cruises stop at Keelung port, individual tourists will travel around Taipei and Keelung. Because some of the foreign tourists don’t have enough tourist information of Taiwan or don’t know much about Taiwan, it is not easy for them to find attractions which match their preference. Keelung port also lacks of the information equipment and systems. In this research, we will use collaborative filtering to build a tourism recommendation system for cruise individual passengers. After using this system, cruise individual passengers can save time for finding attractions. The system will recommend attractions which match their preference and plan a tour through genetic algorithm. According to our results, our recommendation model and system can provide more convenient and satisfying tour planning services.

碩士
致理科技大學
國際貿易系碩士班
108
In recent years Taiwan's cruise tourism has been booming, but given the increasing number of passengers, consumer disputes have occurred more frequently. Existing consumer protection laws are not specifically for the cruise service, thus making the industry face limited protection for consumers and need better solutions. For sound and sustainable cruise tourism service development, this thesis manages to adopt literature analysis, historical research, case study, and semi-structured interview, to explore and discuss growth of the cruise industry. Due to Taiwan’s consumption patterns that are different from other markets in the world, cruise companies have developed a special charter cruise operation system, which allows tour operators to sign contracts with and unfair to consumers, and that forms a consumption relation so different from traditional tourism as to affect exercise of consumer rights. In cruise tourism disputes, itinerary change caused by force majeure is especially prone to disputes, and due to the cruising characteristic of enclosure, when cruise consumers incur accidental injury or loss, it is difficult for them to receive proper damages under the current civil law system, so this thesis also conducts in-depth study on pertinent civil court decisions. Research findings indicate that the charter agency practice blurs the power and duty among the three parties of cruise companies, travel agents, and consumers, failing to effectively protect consumer rights; meanwhile, insufficient service information disclosure is more likely to trigger disputes; moreover, the Information to Be and Not to Be Indicated in Standard Outbound Cruise Travel Contracts needs to be established and implemented by the government soon. This thesis further provides suggestions based on research findings and in accordance with the goal of enhancing cruise consumer protection, which include that the government should advance the tourism market mechanism, that tour operators should improve their sales service process management, and that consumers should strengthen their security awareness at sea, in order to eliminate cruise tourism disputes, upgrade cruise service quality, and promote sustainable development of the cruise industry.

碩士
嶺東科技大學
觀光與休閒管理系碩士班
106
The cruise economy has rapidly emerged in Asia in recent years. Cruise consumer market in Taiwan is also actively active. In the past, only Star Cruises used Taiwan as its home port, and today’s market is buoyed by the presence of various cruise. Face many competitions, cruise operators need to understand the quality of service they provide, different characteristics from other cruises to provide passengers with the desired level of satisfaction. This study is base on a questionnaire survey of passengers who used to take the Star Aquarius. A total of 550 valid questionnaires were collected. The effecitive rate of return was 97.7%. The survey mainly discuss the expected service quality and actual service performance of passengers. Analyze the status of service quality and then analyze the key attributes with the importance-performance method. The results of the study show: (1) Passengers to the cruise are between 20 and 50 years old, most of them are woman and married. Professionals are mostly business and service workers. The monthly income of major customer is less than 60,000. (2) There are ten attributes that keep up the good work area, showing that Aquarius Star has the ability to perform correctly and execute promises. The items are: Cleanliness , Employee appearance , Courteous and polite employees , Make passengers feel safe , Always willing to help passengers , Responsive to passengers’ needs , Carry out passengers’ requests without error , Dependable service , Understanding passengers’ specific needs , Accommodation. (3) The attribute of concentrate here area include: Cruise motion , Ship layout , Pay individualized attention to passengers , Food and beverages. (3) The attribute of low priority area include : Music , Interior and exterior décor , Behavior of other passengers , Recreation and sports facilities , Fitness and health facilities , Supplementary facilities , Facilities for children (4) The attribute of possible overkill areas include: Room temperature, Lighting, Size of ship, Entertainments. The results of the study will be provided to the operators of cruise industry and future studies.

博士
國立臺灣師範大學
政治學研究所
104
As tourism has become an important industrial countries contested, mainland tourists to Taiwan for sightseeing trips highs, plus three Keelung in recent years has gradually transformed into an international cruise major ports, how to develop tourism has become an important issue Keelung City Government. Although a harbor city of Keelung, but the development of the hinterland of small, plus Keelung change the function, the city trying to transition to the process of leisure Harbor faced many problems. Reflections on motivation Keelung tourism development of the tourism industry, this study is to analyze from Keelung tourism development strategy, the development of cruise tourism Consideration for Keelung tourism development niche. Given the stage Keelung cruise tourism benefits is still limited, the paper Keelung overall tourism SWOT analysis, respectively, analysis of the development of Taiwan's cruise industry, as well as in response to mainland tourists to Taiwan cruise tourism policy analysis for, respectively, from the "Administrative Legal face "" peripheral surface facilities, "" marketing plan noodles "make relevant research proposals Keelung development of cruise tourism, as tourism development strategy analysis Keelung conclusion.

碩士
國立中山大學
國際經營管理碩士班
101
More and more cruise ships are arriving in Kaohsiung each year, primarily full of native English speakers who wish to see Asia firsthand. The majority of Kaohsiung taxi drivers and tour providers are not proficient in English. Tailor Made Tours aims at filling the niche market of private English tours for those visitors who arrive in Kaohsiung via cruise ship.

碩士
國立高雄應用科技大學
觀光與餐旅管理系
99
In recent years, due to the rapid economic growth, increase of National Income, changes of lifestyle as well as the new working policy, two days leave inquire of a week, released on 2001, so that people in Republic of China (Taiwan) have reduced working time and engaged more time in travel and leisure activities, moreover drawn more attention of life quality and entertainment. Kaohsiung city, Taiwan, after seven years of transformation from 1999's concept of "Maritime Capital" to 2006's image of the theme "Flower Waterfront City", has been doing more efforts to develop feelings of love and respect for the local characteristics. And makes good use of the water resources opening five pleasure boat routes in Kaohsiung Harbor and Love River, but the service contents on the pleasure boats such as entertainment or dining still have much space for improvement compared to those products on similar overseas cruise. Therefore the service quality promotion is one of the most important topics for Kaohsiung city to develop tourism cruise. The purpose of this study is to know about the service quality of Kaohsiung tourism cruise, the relationship between visitor’s satisfaction and the behavioral intention then to get to know more about current cruise operating performance for being a reference to managers. This study uses questionnaire survey method to investigate the passengers of Kaohsiung harbor tourism cruise. The total sampling numbers are 459, and the effective samples collected are 451 in return. The effective sampling rate has reached 98.25%. Further analyses have been used, such as factor analysis, multiple regression analysis and analysis of variance (ANOVA) to verify the assumption based on the collected data. The result of this study has demonstrated the following: 1. Different personal backgrounds have made significant differences towards service quality. 2. Different personal backgrounds have made significant differences towards satisfaction. 3. Different personal backgrounds have made significant differences towards behavior intention. 4. The tourism cruise service quality has a significant influence on the passenger’s satisfaction. 5. The passenger’s satisfaction has a significant influence on the behavior intention.

碩士
國立臺灣海洋大學
輪機工程學系
107
This thesis is to provide the latest relevant information sharing and in-depth analysis based on the current development of the cruise industry, global market trends, and the cruise route layout. The most commonly used cruise terminology to strengthen the operation and sales in the cruise industry and cruise tourism. The primary professional knowledge of services. Also, we will conduct preliminary research on the origins, brand image, product advantages and marketing strategies of the four major cruise ship brands in the Asia-Pacific region such as Costa Cruises, Genting Cruises, Princess Cruises, and Royal Caribbean Cruises. The value of Taiwan's cruise ship has not remained. Only the joint production and government elites have established a cruise industry chain to enhance the value of the Taiwan cruise industry. The "cruise ship" is a passenger ship for modern entertainment and navigation. The facilities, voyages, and destinations along the route are all part of the tourism and recreation. The origin of the "cruise" is mainly to transport and transport mail. However, today's cruise ships have become a new trend in global tourism. Governments of all countries attach great importance to it and have long been listed as an essential strategic development industry in Taiwan. However, although the promotion of cruise tourism has been valid, it has only been birthed by passenger ships and passengers boarding and disembarking. The industrial value has not been exerted. The cruise industry chain is extensive, and there is a lot of room for development. This study will explore the sustainable development of cruise ports through the sustainable development policies of cruise ports and cruise operators. Through the collection and reorganization of the official documents and public information of the ports, the relevant background information will be introduced, and the complete analysis of the status of the cruise port. The sustainable development policy plan will be established in order, and then the issues of the subsequent projects will be followed. To analyze whether the main topics of sustainable development are due to natural geographical conditions, acquired human management and the government's sustainable development policy. Finally, summarize the current situation analysis of the issues of sustainable development. Provide a reference for Taiwan to develop a cruise port home port for sustainable development policies. The purpose of this study is to explore and study eco-tourism patterns suitable for outlying islands, not only from the perspective of economic growth and benefits but from the overall ecological perspectives such as natural resources, humanities traditions, social organizations, etc. Features, and continuously accumulate and organize the interaction between human and nature, towards the spindle planning of sustainable island ecosystem development. Therefore, this study intends to investigate the tourism industry with local characteristics in the environment, humanities, and landscapes of the outlying islands. To anticipate the combination of these tourism resources and industries, which can effectively attract tourists and bring residents. At the same time, the scattered tourists are more in line with the principle of sustainable development of eco-tourism and solve the problem of the excessive idle period of sightseeing. Since the current tourism industry and activities are more attractive to young people. In addition to the impact on the ecological environment and the seasonal weather (such as snorkeling). We hope to plan more suitable for middle and high age or family vacations and introduce Supporting industries, towards the development of ecological leisure resorts.