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Journal articles on the topic 'Cruisers'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 27 July 2025

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1

Di Vaio, Assunta, Luigi Lepore, and Luisa Varriale. "Self-organised cruiser’s expenditures in a port of call: the interaction effect between city interface satisfaction and super-sized ships." International Journal of Culture, Tourism and Hospitality Research 12, no. 4 (2018): 385–406. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijcthr-02-2018-0021.

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PurposeThis paper aims to provide a better understanding of self-organised cruiser’s expenditures, analysing the effect of city interface satisfaction (CIS) on total monetary impact on land (TMIoL) for cruisers travelling without touristic guide and investigating the size of cruise ships, such as those labelled super-sized ships (SSSh), as a moderator variable.Design/methodology/approachThe study was conducted through an interview-based semi-structured questionnaire administered to 812 self-organised cruisers visiting one of main ports of call in the Mediterranean region.FindingsThe findings h

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2

Kawasaki, Tomoya, and Yui-yip Lau. "Exploring potential cruisers behavior based on a preference model: the Japanese cruise market." Maritime Business Review 5, no. 4 (2020): 391–407. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/mabr-03-2020-0011.

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Purpose The purpose of this study is to analyze the preferences of potential Japanese cruise ship tourists and identify the factors influencing their participation in cruise ship tourism. In the analysis, preference for cruise ports in East Asia is also examined. Design/methodology/approach The behavioral model of potential cruiser is developed through a mixed ordered logit approach. The data are collected by means of the stated preference method with the application of a Web-based questionnaire. Multiple answers are collected from each respondent. Hence, panel effects between answers are cons

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3

Mahadevan, Renuka. "Examining the intention to cruise again sooner rather than later." Tourism Economics 22, no. 6 (2016): 1423–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.5367/te.2015.0488.

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This article identifies temporal differences in the factors that influence a cruise passenger’s intention to cruise again in the short-, medium- and long-term. Using a sample of Australian cruisers, the reputation of a cruise line and indulging in interesting and different ship activities are found to be weakly influential, while satisfaction from past cruises and educational cruises are important factors in the choice to cruise again in the short-term. But variety in ports of call and cruise destinations, recent frequent past trips and recommended cruises influence cruising again in the mediu

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4

Tapsall, Suellen, Geoffrey N. Soutar, Wendy A. Elliott, Tim Mazzarol, and Jennifer Holland. "COVID-19’s impact on the perceived risk of ocean cruising: A best-worst scaling study of Australian consumers." Tourism Economics 28, no. 1 (2022): 248–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13548166211054591.

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This paper investigates aspects of cruising of most concern to Australian consumers during the COVID-19 pandemic, following the shutdown of cruising globally. Using a mixed-method approach, the study asked cruisers and non-cruisers which of the risks associated with cruising were of most concern. The study found health was the most concerning risk for respondents, regardless of cruising history and, contrary to previous research, cruisers were more concerned about health risk than non-cruisers. Results indicated cruisers were also concerned about financial risk, while safety and psychological

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5

Shahijan, Milad Kalantari, Sajad Rezaei, and Muslim Amin. "Qualities of effective cruise marketing strategy." International Journal of Quality & Reliability Management 35, no. 10 (2018): 2304–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijqrm-07-2017-0135.

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PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the qualities of delighted cruise travelling experience and proposed cruisers’ experience, service convenience and perceived overall value as the drivers of cruisers’ satisfaction and revisit intention. Thus, the attributes of an effective cruise-marketing strategy in formulating consumer’s recreational experiences are examined.Design/methodology/approachA total of 287 questionnaires were collected and structural equation modelling technique was used to analyse data obtained from cruise travellers.FindingsThe empirical results indicated that s

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6

Lemmetyinen, Arja, Darko Dimitrovski, Lenita Nieminen, and Tuomas Pohjola. "Cruise destination brand awareness as a moderator in motivation-satisfaction relation." Tourism Review 71, no. 4 (2016): 245–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/tr-07-2016-0027.

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Purpose The aim of this study is to examine cruise destination branding as a new resource for a region to promote an area as a differentiated cruise destination. The authors specifically study how the perceived brand awareness of a destination moderates the relation between cruisers’ motivation and destination satisfaction and word-of-mouth (WoM). Design/methodology/approach A statistical model was adapted from relevant literature and applied in the context of cruise destination branding. The model was tested by measuring Cronbach’s alpha coefficients and the fit of the model through confirmat

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7

Swoboda-Rydz, Urszula. "Rejs jako forma rekreacji." Zeszyty Naukowe. Turystyka i Rekreacja 10, no. 2 (2012): 99–118. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0005.4065.

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Cruises are a fast developing branch of tourism industry. Following first big cruise liners such as the Titanic, the modern history of cruising started seriously in the 1960s with the advent of the jet craft, which helped transfer passengers to remote ports of embarkation. The main trend in cruising is moving towards building huge cruise ships and providing tailor-made cruises for niche cruisers. This fashion is going to remain high in the near future according to main cruise lines. There are differences between first-times and repeaters whose intention of purchase of a cruise is guided by dif

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8

Uran Maravić, Maja, Daniela Gračan, and Marina Barkiđija Sotošek. "“Old cruise” – New growing segment of Croatian nautical offer." Pomorstvo 30, no. 2 (2016): 99–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.31217/p.30.2.1.

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While in the world cruising considers the emergence, especially for Croatian coast, ports and ships, it can be concluded that it is still a specific form of tourism. In Croatia, in the last few years a segment of small cruisers has been developed. A “mini” does not have the same meaning as in the world of cruising. This name in the world means a time-limited travel to large ships while in Croatia, size, date available ships, as well as their capacity for receiving passengers imposed by this title just because it does not have the mega-cruisers. The development of old timers cruise prompted the

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9

Castillo-Manzano, José Ignacio, Mercedes Castro-Nuño, and Rafael Pozo-Barajas. "Addicted to cruises? Key drivers of cruise ship loyalty behavior through an e-WOM approach." International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management 34, no. 1 (2021): 361–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijchm-05-2021-0642.

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Purpose This paper aims to identify the drivers that explain loyalty behavior in cruise tourism with the aim of achieving a better understanding of repeat cruisers’ intentions to sail on the same ship or on another ship belonging to the same cruise line or cruise corporation. Design/methodology/approach Based on over 150,000 online reviews about their satisfaction and experience posted by cruisers using so-called electronic Word of Mouth (e-WOM), the authors apply both a graphic and an econometric technique through input-output circular plots and discrete choice models. Findings The main resul

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10

Castaldo, Sandro, Lara Penco, and Giorgia Profumo. "Cruising in the COVID-19 pandemic era: Does perceived crowding really matter?" International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management 33, no. 8 (2021): 2586–612. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijchm-07-2020-0688.

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Purpose Cruising is one of the industries most susceptible to the current COVID-19 health crisis, due to the closed environment and the contacts between cruisers and crewmembers. This study aims to understand if the perceived crowding and the health risk perception related to the pandemic situation might threaten passengers’ intentions to cruise. The study also examines corporate reputation and trust, as well as social motivation and self-confidence, as possible predictors of consumers’ intention to cruise. Design/methodology/approach The study is based on the development of a structured quest

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11

Jastrzębski, Jarosław. "Krążownik ciężki – problemy klasyfikacyjne. Część 3. Krążowniki ciężkie w służbie Stanów Zjednoczonych, Japonii i Wielkiej Brytanii." Annales Universitatis Paedagogicae Cracoviensis. Studia de Securitate 13, no. 2 (2023): 43–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.24917/26578549.13.2.3.

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This article is the third in a series of six texts devoted to classification problems in the group of artillery ships, such as heavy cruisers. In the first text, we dealt with the genesis of the heavy cruiser and formulated its definition, necessary for making reliable scientific analyses. In the second text, we confronted this definition with ships with a disputed classification. This section presents the heavy cruiser fleets of the three largest owners. The following will discuss the fleets of these types of ships under the other flags and their global characteristics. The three most numerou

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12

Bennett, Paul. "Booze cruisers." New Scientist 214, no. 2869 (2012): 33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0262-4079(12)61561-9.

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13

Xie, Hui (Jimmy), Deborah L. Kerstetter, and Anna S. Mattila. "The attributes of a cruise ship that influence the decision making of cruisers and potential cruisers." International Journal of Hospitality Management 31, no. 1 (2012): 152–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2011.03.007.

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14

Chang, Min-Yen, Chen-Hao Wang, and Han-Shen Chen. "Exploring Cruise Tourists’ Preferences and Satisfaction: The Case of Taiwan." Water 13, no. 22 (2021): 3183. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w13223183.

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In this study, the product attributes of cruise tours are distinguished into on-board activities, leisure space, cabin comfort, Michelin restaurant, and refund mechanism, and the multi-attribute utility model of cruise tours is constructed using the choice experiment (CE) method. Of the 575 questionnaires distributed, 439 were valid, with an effective recovery rate of 76.3%. The results revealed the following: (1) when cruisers travel, what they value the most is the quality of service on board, followed by the facilities on board; (2) passengers’ preferences for comfortable pool space and mor

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15

Lebrun, Anne-Marie. "Representation of Cruise: Cruisers and Noncruisers Cross Views." International Journal of Tourism Research 17, no. 5 (2014): 511–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jtr.2021.

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16

Jastrzębski, Jarosław. "Krążownik ciężki – problemy klasyfikacyjne. Część 2: Okręty o klasyfikacji spornej." Annales Universitatis Paedagogicae Cracoviensis. Studia de Securitate 13, no. 1 (2023): 19–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.24917/26578549.13.1.2.

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This article is the second in a series of six texts devoted to classification problems in the group of artillery ships such as heavy cruisers. In the first one, we dealt with the genesis of the heavy cruiser and formulated its definition, necessary for making reliable scientific analyzes. In this section, we confronted this definition with ships with a disputed classification. The following will discuss the fleets of this class of ships from all ten countries that have them, and their global characteristics. Of the 26 ships with a disputed classification in terms of their potential assignment

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17

Law, Derek. "Town Class Cruisers." Mariner's Mirror 99, no. 4 (2013): 492. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00253359.2013.848586.

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18

Hansen, Kenneth P. "Kingsmill's Cruisers: The Cruiser Tradition in the Early Royal Canadian Navy." Northern Mariner / Le marin du nord 13, no. 1 (2003): 37–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.25071/2561-5467.553.

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19

Aguilera, Alfredo, Tadeusz Klimczyk, Miguel Lopez, Guillermo Montenegro, and Hans Reichenberg. "Cruisers "Canarias" and "Baleares"." International Naval Journal 5, no. 1 (2015): 35–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.13187/inj.2015.5.35.

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20

Grove, Eric. "French Cruisers 1922–1956." Mariner's Mirror 100, no. 2 (2014): 245–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00253359.2014.891824.

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21

Kun, A. L., W. T. Miller, and W. H. Lenharth. "Computers in Police Cruisers." IEEE Pervasive Computing 3, no. 4 (2004): 34–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mprv.2004.3.

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22

Bowen., Frank C. "ELECTRICALLY WELDED GERMAN CRUISERS." Journal of the American Society for Naval Engineers 40, no. 1 (2009): 112–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1559-3584.1928.tb05000.x.

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23

O'Connor, Damian. "Privateers, cruisers and colliers." RUSI Journal 150, no. 1 (2005): 70–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03071840508522923.

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24

Petrick, James F., and Ercan Sirakaya. "Segmenting Cruisers by Loyalty." Annals of Tourism Research 31, no. 2 (2004): 472–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2003.12.009.

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25

Slišković, Merica, Helena Ukić Boljat, Igor Jelaska, and Gorana Jelić Mrčelić. "Review of Generated Waste from Cruisers: Dubrovnik, Split, and Zadar Port Case Studies." Resources 7, no. 4 (2018): 72. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/resources7040072.

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The amount of waste generated is becoming an increasing problem both in terms of inefficient use of resources and its harmful effects. Large quantities of waste originate from land, but a certain amount of waste is generated at sea, in which shipping holds its share. A recent analysis for 2015–2016 has rated the Croatian ports of Dubrovnik, Split, and Zadar in the top 10 out of 20 main cruising ports in the Adriatic Sea. As it is clear that a large number of persons present onboard generate a large amount of waste, the aim of this paper is to estimate the amount of waste (plastic, domestic, an

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26

Lau, Yui-Yip, Xiaodong Sun, Wenli Yang, and Maneerat Kanrak. "Chinese Cruisers’ Preference, Travel Constraints, and Behavioural Intention: Experience from the Arctic Cruise Market." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 10, no. 2 (2022): 156. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse10020156.

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Global climate change accelerates ice melting in the Arctic region, making Arctic shipping possible and revealing a new door to develop cruise tourism. The rapid expansion of cruise tourism into the Arctic region has posed substantial implications for the cruise industry, including opportunities and challenges. This study investigates the Chinese cruise industry and the encounters and obstacles that have unfolded in the Arctic cruise market. The study also explores the Chinese cruisers’ travel constraints, preferences, and behavioral intention to the Arctic region. The implications of the find

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27

Benítez-Márquez, María Dolores, Guillermo Bermúdez-González, Eva María Sánchez-Teba, and Elena Cruz-Ruiz. "Exploring the Antecedents of Cruisers’ Destination Loyalty: Cognitive Destination Image and Cruisers’ Satisfaction." Mathematics 9, no. 11 (2021): 1218. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math9111218.

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This study is one of the few of its kind that explores the individual impact of each of the cognitive attributes of a tourist destination’s image on cruisers’ destination loyalty and overall satisfaction. It also analyzes the mediating role of satisfaction between each of the attributes and loyalty. Variance-based structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) was used for this analysis, based on a survey of 457 cruisers visiting the city of Malaga. The results confirm that three of the five attributes, the destination’s environment image, the perceived value image of services and the accessibility im

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Dragin, Aleksandra, Branislav Djurdjev, and Tanja Armenski. "Are international tourist cruises in Pan-European Corridor 7 through Serbia indeed considered as travels for 'silver hair' people?" Glasnik Srpskog geografskog drustva 88, no. 4 (2008): 29–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/gsgd0804029d.

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During the last decade the cruise industry has been the tourism niche that has experienced the most rapid growth of all. However, this form of tourism is still in its infancy and has not been relatively well researched. The aim of the paper is to identify average age of cruisers on the Corridor 7. It remains unknown whether similar researches have ever been conducted. The article demonstrates the dominance of 'silver hair' cruisers on the Corridor 7. Furthermore, we found that the age groups 60-84 were the most represented in with the domination of age groups 70-74 and 65-69. The purpose of th

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Shama, M. A. "Safety considerations of Nile cruisers." Ships and Offshore Structures 4, no. 2 (2009): 95–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17445300802479429.

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30

Dodson, Aidan. "French Armoured Cruisers 1887–1932." Mariner's Mirror 106, no. 1 (2020): 109–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00253359.2020.1703406.

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31

Elizabeth Bush. "The Cruisers (review)." Bulletin of the Center for Children's Books 64, no. 1 (2010): 33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/bcc.2010.0090.

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32

Kaczkowski, Marcin. "Rola krążowników lekkich w składzie brytyjskiej Grand Fleet w czasie I wojny światowej (1914–1918). W świetle Grand Fleet Battle Orders Johna Jellicoe1." Przegląd Historyczno-Wojskowy 23, no. 3 (2022): 35–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.32089/wbh.phw.2022.3(281).0002.

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This article explores the role played by light cruisers in the British Grand Fleet: the largest navy during World War I. The author describes the genesis of this class of ships and then discusses the tasks assigned to light cruisers operating with the fleet, using information contained in the Grand Fleet Battle Orders – combat instructions for the British navy, prepared between 1914–1916 by its commander, Admiral John Jellicoe.

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33

Sun, Xiaodong, Robert Kwortnik, and Dinesh K. Gauri. "Exploring behavioral differences between new and repeat cruisers to a cruise brand." International Journal of Hospitality Management 71 (April 2018): 132–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2017.12.006.

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34

Paananen, Kaisa, and Paola Minoia. "Cruisers in the City of Helsinki: staging the mobility of cruise passengers." Tourism Geographies 21, no. 5 (2018): 801–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14616688.2018.1490341.

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35

Ponce, Javier. "Allied blockade in the Mid-East Atlantic during the First World War: cruisers against commerce-raiders." International Journal of Maritime History 32, no. 4 (2020): 882–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0843871420982200.

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This article examines the Allied blockade around the Canary Islands as a response to the German cruiser war, since the crossroads of trade routes from the South Atlantic that took place in the Canary Islands allowed the German commerce-raiders to ensure, on the one hand, the encounter with numerous enemy merchant ships, objectives of this economic war and, on the other hand, the aid of the numerous German merchant ships that were in their ports, especially as colliers. The immediate Allied action to block the ports in the Canary Islands took advantage of the undisputed hegemony of Great Britai

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36

Radic, Aleksandar, Rob Law, Michael Lück, et al. "Apocalypse Now or Overreaction to Coronavirus: The Global Cruise Tourism Industry Crisis." Sustainability 12, no. 17 (2020): 6968. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12176968.

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The current COVID-19 cruise tourism crisis has evolved to epic proportions and placed some of the cruise lines on the verge of bankruptcy. This research aimed to gain a deeper understanding of the crisis. Using an inductive qualitative approach, interviews were conducted with eight frequent cruisers who were at home and eight cruise ship employees who were employed by various cruise companies and who were working on cruise ships during the COVID-19 cruise tourism crisis. The findings revealed a systematic failure within the cruise industry management to understand the COVID-19 pandemic. Result

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37

Favro, Srećko, and Dora Mužinić. "The Potential of the Croatian Adriatic Area for the Development of an Indigenous Form of Cruising Tourism - Mini Croatian Cruiser." Časopis Pomorskog fakulteta Kotor - Journal of Maritime Sciences 25, no. 2 (2024): 105–15. https://doi.org/10.56080/jms241108.

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The eastern coast of the Adriatic Sea has played a significant role in transportation since ancient times due to its deep bays and indented coastline. Split-Dalmatia County, particularly the city of Split, has been historically important and continues to be so today. In addition to its economic significance, this area has also become a popular tourist destination, with nautical tourism being the most important sector. This form of tourism takes advantage of the Adriatic water area and offers customized itineraries, high-quality services, and a unique cultural experience. Traditional Croatian m

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38

Konstantinos, A. Chrysafis, and Ch. Papadopoulou Georgia. "Financial investments of the dominant cruise companies as a component of the global economic recovery and eventual growth during COVID-19 crisis era." Ottoman: Journal of Tourism and Management Research 2023, Vol.8, No.1 (2023): 1112–24. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7602744.

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<strong>Abstract</strong> One of the most important sectors of tourism globally is cruise tourism, as is giving a leisure experience to cruisers who are traveling across different destinations. It is also one of the most growing sectors in the tourism industry as is becoming increasingly popular. In this review study, conducted employing thematic analysis and thematic synthesis, the authors aim to approach the COVID-19 crisis era financial investments of dominant cruise companies as a component of global economic growth. Nowadays, the cruise industry operates big cruise ships as is contrary to

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39

Lambert, Andrew. "British Cruisers of the Victorian Era." Mariner's Mirror 100, no. 1 (2014): 105–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00253359.2014.874154.

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40

Pino, José Francisco Baños, and Beatriz Tovar. "Explaining cruisers’ shore expenditure through a latent class tobit model: Evidence from the Canary Islands." Tourism Economics 25, no. 7 (2019): 1105–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1354816618823599.

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This study analyzes the expenditure patterns of cruise ship passengers during stopovers in the Canary Islands, which is a key variable for evaluating the economic impact of this type of tourism from the point of view of local key stakeholders and residents. Information on cruisers’ expenditure was collected in each port of call by survey responses for six cruise seasons, during the period 2001–2015. Through a latent class model in a framework of censured regression, three distinct groups of passengers were identified. This approach fills a gap in the empirical tourism literature in order to ac

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41

Severt, Denver E., and Asli D. A. Tasci. "Cruising back to the basic needs." International Journal of Culture, Tourism and Hospitality Research 14, no. 2 (2020): 173–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijcthr-06-2019-0115.

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Purpose Tourism activities inherently include the liminoid state of mind that impels people to go out of ordinary behavior, some of which is inversionary. The purpose of this paper is to explore travelers’ cruise behavior as related to their needs while entering and experiencing a cruise trip. Design/methodology/approach A total of 395 vacationers were sampled and surveyed about their selected top three factors for cruising, motivations for cruising and needs while cruising. The sample was grouped into inversioners and rejuvenators to see if there was any evidence of liminoid behavior in cruis

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42

Randall, T. "Promotional cruise scuttled in ethics storm, some would-be cruisers claim financial damages." JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association 265, no. 22 (1991): 2929b—2929. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.265.22.2929b.

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43

Deng, Yunnan, Yaomin Liu, Yinhui Zhang, and Zifen He. "Multi-Scale Localization Grouping Weighted Weakly Supervised Video Instance Segmentation and Air Cruiser Application." Applied Sciences 15, no. 7 (2025): 4025. https://doi.org/10.3390/app15074025.

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Implementing video instance segmentation (VIS) to detect, segment, and track targets based on vision system is important research for air cruiser. Large data with high sampling difficulty result in inefficient network training and limit the air cruisers in adapting to natural scenes during mission. A multi-scale localization grouping weighted weakly supervised VIS (MLGW-VIS) is proposed. Firstly, a spatial information refinement module is designed to supplement the multi-scale spatial location information of the high-level features of the feature pyramid. Secondly, feature interaction among th

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44

Iles, Kim, and Mike Fall. "Can an angle gauge really evaluate "borderline trees" accurately in variable plot sampling?" Canadian Journal of Forest Research 18, no. 6 (1988): 776–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x88-118.

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Detailed measurements on approximately 900 "borderline trees" verified that professional cruisers are precise in their use of wedge prisms, and that errors cancel. The fact that trees are not round gives variable plots that are not round but of the correct size. Noncancelling errors were mostly due to steep slope corrections and difficulty in seeing the tree clearly. The tree count bias was −0.5% of total cruise tree count. Reasons for checking trees are detailed. The authors recommend measuring doubtful trees with a diameter tape, for a variety of reasons, even though the bias is small.

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45

Perić, Tina, Pavao Komadina, and Nikola Račić. "Wastewater Pollution from Cruise Ships in the Adriatic Sea." PROMET - Traffic&Transportation 28, no. 4 (2016): 425–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.7307/ptt.v28i4.2087.

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The global growth of cruise tourism has brought increasing concern for the pollution of the marine environment. Marine pollution from sanitary wastewater is a problem especially pronounced on large cruise ships where the number of people on board may exceed 8,000. To evaluate future marine pollution in any selected period of time it is necessary to know the movement of ships in the Adriatic Sea. This paper presents the problem of marine pollution by sanitary wastewater from cruise ships, wastewater treatment technology and a model of cruise ship traffic in the Adriatic Sea considering MARPOL A

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46

Hung, Kam, and James F. Petrick. "Comparing Constraints to Cruising Between Cruisers and Non-Cruisers: A Test of the Constraint-Effects-Mitigation Model." Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing 29, no. 3 (2012): 242–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10548408.2012.666171.

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47

Salmon, M. Stephen. "Book Review: French Armoured Cruisers 1887-1932." International Journal of Maritime History 32, no. 3 (2020): 775–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0843871420944628g.

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Sun, Xiaodong, Meihua Xu, and Robert Kwortnik. "Evaluating and Categorizing Cruise Lines by ship attributes: A Comparison Between Cruisers and Experts." Tourism Management 84 (June 2021): 104262. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2020.104262.

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Josiam, Bharath M., Tai‐Yi Huang, Daniel L. Spears, Lisa Kennon, and Gauri A. Bahulkar. "Understanding Ethnic Chinese Travelers on North American Cruise Tours: Motivations, Perceptions, and Satisfaction of Cruisers." Journal of China Tourism Research 5, no. 1 (2009): 77–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19388160802711428.

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Sun, Xiaodong, Tsz Leung Yip, and Yui-yip Lau. "Location Characteristics of Cruise Terminals in China: A Lesson from Hong Kong and Shanghai." Sustainability 11, no. 18 (2019): 5056. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11185056.

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Abstract:

Starting from the late 1960s, the cruise industry has appeared in two key regions, namely Europe and North America. However, the cruise industry has undergone fundamental changes which implies that the number of frequent cruisers is growing, with western travelers supposedly travelling to diverse cultures, attractive cruising destinations and exotic experiences in Southeast Asia for western travelers, and thus cruising in the Asian region has been happening at an enormous growing rate. Among the Asian regions, China is experiencing the fastest growth rates. Both Hong Kong and Shanghai establis

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