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Journal articles on the topic 'Cryogenic fuels'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 18 February 2022

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1

Svyatushenko, V. V., and D. A. Yagodnikov. "Comprehensive Analysis of Fuel Efficiency for a Ramjet-Equipped Spaceplane." Herald of the Bauman Moscow State Technical University. Series Mechanical Engineering, no. 5 (134) (October 2020): 19–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.18698/0236-3941-2020-5-19-40.

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The paper considers fuels used as a working body in ramjets. The study aims to conduct a comprehensive examination that includes comparing physical, chemical and power characteristics of the fuels, as well as the results of thermodynamic and ballistic analyses, in order to ensure the best possible outcome in terms of layout and range of the spaceplane simulated. We analysed existing publications to state the main requirements for fuels to be used in spaceplane ramjets. We present a method of estimating fuel efficiency. The requirements developed for the spaceplane simulated were used to select

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2

Komkov, M. A., and Y. V. Badanina. "Design and Technology of Winding Curvilinear Pipelines from Sintered Polyimide-Fluoroplastic Film." Proceedings of Higher Educational Institutions. Маchine Building, no. 10 (715) (October 2019): 86–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.18698/0536-1044-2019-10-86-92.

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This article deals with the issues related to designing and manufacturing light and reliable pipelines made of composite materials for missile technology, aircraft and land vehicles running on cryogenic fuel. Multi-layer straight and curvilinear pipelines made by winding polyimide films can significantly reduce the weight and level of bending loads. The article presents the geometry of a typical element of a curvilinear pipeline and the design of the flange of a cryogenic pipeline. A method for connecting the flange shank to the film shell is proposed and the results of testing pipelines made

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3

Lee, Dong-Ha, Seung-Joo Cha, Jeong-Dae Kim, Jeong-Hyeon Kim, Seul-Kee Kim, and Jae-Myung Lee. "Practical Prediction of the Boil-Off Rate of Independent-Type Storage Tanks." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 9, no. 1 (2021): 36. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse9010036.

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Because environmentally-friendly fuels such as natural gas and hydrogen are primarily stored in the form of cryogenic liquids to enable efficient transportation, the demand for cryogenic fuel (LNG, LH) ships has been increasing as the primary carriers of environmentally-friendly fuels. In such ships, insulation systems must be used to prevent heat inflow to the tank to suppress the generation of boil-off gas (BOG). The presence of BOG can lead to an increased internal pressure, and thus, its control and prediction are key aspects in the design of fuel tanks. In this regard, although the therma

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4

Didmanidze, Otari, Alexander Afanasev, and Ramil Khakimov. "Mathematical model of the liquefied methane phase transition in the cryogenic tank of a vehicle." Journal of Mining Institute 243 (June 11, 2020): 337. http://dx.doi.org/10.31897/pmi.2020.3.337.

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In order to increase the efficiency of using vehicles (VEH) in mining and quarrying conditions, it is necessary to improve the components of gas equipment (cryogenic tank, gas nozzles, fuel supply cryogenic tubes, etc.) for supplying liquefied natural gas to the engine, as well as storage of liquid methane in a cryogenic tank with a long service life. For this, it is necessary to consider the process of heat and mass transfer of liquefied natural gas in a two-phase liquid-gas medium, taking into account the phase transition in the closed volume of the cryogenic tank under consideration.

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5

Shishkov, V. A. "THE METHOD OF CONTROLLING THE SUPPLY OF CRYOGENIC FUEL IN A GAS TURBINE ENGINE." Journal of Dynamics and Vibroacoustics 6, no. 3 (2021): 33–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.18287/2409-4579-2020-6-3-33-40.

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increasing the efficiency of the power plant. A method of controlling the supply of cryogenic fuel to a gas turbine engine is to pump its liquid phase, followed by its separation into two parts and controlling the flow rate of each part. Heated the first part of the cryogenic fuel to a gaseous state in the heat exchanger, mixing it with the second part and feeding the resulting mixture of cryogenic fuel into the combustion chamber. The first part of the cryogenic fuel flow rate is passed through the heat exchanger Gta = Gsm [Ср_sm (Тfp + T) il] / [ig il], where Gsm is the consumption of cryoge

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6

Kolesnikov, A. S., T. V. Grasko, and V. V. Raznoschikov. "Improving the efficiency of the powerplant of an unmanned aerial vehicle through the use of cryogenic fuel." VESTNIK of Samara University. Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering 19, no. 3 (2020): 7–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.18287/2541-7533-2020-19-3-7-17.

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The article is devoted to increasing the efficiency of the power plant of an unmanned aerial vehicle through the use of cryogenic fuel. It has been substantiated that the creation of a power plant is based on an integrated approach to the Aircraft Power Plant Fuel system and ensures a significant achievement of perfection indicators according to high-level criteria (fuel consumption per hour (kilometer), range, flight duration, etc.) Analysis of energetic properties of some types of aviation fuels showed that gas fuels in their properties are generally superior to liquid ones, except for one t

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7

Dubov, Georgiy, Dmitriy Trukhmanov, Sergey Nokhrin, and Aleksey Sergel. "Method for installing cryogenic fuel tanks on the deck of BelAZ 7513 mining dump truck." E3S Web of Conferences 174 (2020): 03016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202017403016.

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The state of the issue of the relevance and efficiency of the technology of using liquefied natural gas as a partial replacement of diesel fuel in mining vehicles is considered. It is argued that this technology does not require complex and time-consuming re-engineering of internal com- bustion engines, which makes it economically feasible. It is noted that liq- uefied natural gas seems to be the most promising alternative to petroleum motor fuels in heavy-duty mining dump trucks. The use of liquefied natu- ral gas as a motor fuel reduces the environmental burden; increases the energy efficien

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8

Park, Minho, Jisun Kim, Changmin Pyo, Joonsik Son, and Jaewoong Kim. "Research for the Optimal Flux-Cored Arc Welding Process of 9% Nickel Steel Using Multi Object Optimization with Solidification Crack Susceptibility." Materials 14, no. 7 (2021): 1659. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14071659.

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The environment of the global shipbuilding market is changing rapidly. Recently, the International Maritime Organization (IMO) has tightened regulations on sulfur oxide content standards for marine fuels and tightened sulfur oxide emission standards for the entire coastal region of China to consider the environment globally and use LNG as a fuel. There is a tendency for the number of vessels to operate to increase significantly. To use cryogenic LNG fuel, various pieces of equipment, such as storage tanks or valves, are required, and equipment using steel, which has excellent impact toughness

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9

Nekhoroshikh, Gennady E. "Experimental studies of the performance of the heat-shielding layer of composite pipelines during cooling with liquid hydrogen." RUDN Journal of Engineering Researches 20, no. 1 (2019): 7–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2312-8143-2019-20-1-7-13.

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The development of technology for aircraft and rocket engines more efficient and environmentally friendly cryogenic fuels in the form of liquefied gases: hydrogen (vinyl), oxygen (oxide), natural gas (methane), required the creation of pipelines from modern composite materials, as well as new thermal insulation coatings (TIC), providing reliable protection of these highways from external heat leakage. Fuel out-of-flight manifolds of reusable aircraft require a particularly reliable TIC, since during the operation of the product, their multi-cycle cooling down occurs when pouring cryogenic fuel

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10

Rao, Arvind Gangoli, Feijia Yin, and Henri Werij. "Energy Transition in Aviation: The Role of Cryogenic Fuels." Aerospace 7, no. 12 (2020): 181. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/aerospace7120181.

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Aviation is the backbone of our modern society. In 2019, around 4.5 billion passengers travelled through the air. However, at the same time, aviation was also responsible for around 5% of anthropogenic causes of global warming. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the aviation sector in the short term is clearly very high, but the long-term effects are still unknown. However, with the increase in global GDP, the number of travelers is expected to increase between three- to four-fold by the middle of this century. While other sectors of transportation are making steady progress in decarbonizi

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11

Orlin, Sergei A. "Use of cryogenic components of propellants for liquid-propellant rocket engines and in life support systems of manned space vehicles." MATEC Web of Conferences 324 (2020): 01005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202032401005.

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The cited materials show the use of oxygen, hydrogen, liquefied natural gases (methane) and fluorine as components of the fuel for liquid-propellant rocket engines (LRE). The reasons for the need to use oxygen as an oxidizing agent are indicated. The advantages and disadvantages are disclosed from the point of view of using the listed components as fuel elements for liquid-propellant rocket engines. The issues of ecology when using the considered fuels are reviewed. Shown not only the use of cryogenic components as fuel for LRE, but also in life support systems in manned spacecraft in space re

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12

Domashenko, Anatoly M., and Andrey L. Dovbish. "The process of production of liquefied methane - the component of rocket propellant." MATEC Web of Conferences 324 (2020): 01004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202032401004.

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The use of new fuel components, such as LNG or liquefied methane, in rocket-space, aviation and other special-purpose engineering is promising. On the basis of these fuel components it is possible to provide a number of technical and tactical parameters of aircrafts, which are not achievable when using standard fuels. Considered were the cryogenic systems developed by PJSC "Cryogenmash" for natural gas liquefaction with liquid methane recovery by the method of low-temperature condensation, stage separation and rectification. The second method allows to reduce the content of not only low boilin

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13

Pritt, A. T., N. Presser, and R. R. Herm. "Metal atoms trapped in cryogenic matrices as potential rocket fuels." Journal of Propulsion and Power 9, no. 5 (1993): 714–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/3.23680.

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14

Dietz, Albert. "Liquefied Gaseous Fuels (LGF) Spill Test Facility Program." Journal of the IEST 28, no. 5 (1985): 34–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.17764/jiet.1.28.5.y637824226530742.

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The Department of Energy (DOE) is constructing a facility at the Nevada Test Site (NTS) which will be capable of the rapid release of large quantities of cryogenic or pressurized flammable or toxic materials. The facility is being built in concert with and in response to the needs of many industrial and governmental organizations. The facility is designed to satisfy the need for information for risk assessment, emergency response, regulation, plant design, plant siting, and hazard mitigation. It will be capable of spilling up to 200 m3 (53,000 gal) of cryogenic fluids such as Liquefied Natural

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15

Mohideen, S. Rasool, Ahmad Zaidi Ahmad Mujahid, Abdullah Shohaimi, and S. Ravi. "Metallographic Investigation on the Effect of Cryogenic Temperature on Steel Weldments." Applied Mechanics and Materials 629 (October 2014): 456–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.629.456.

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Materials are subjected to low temperatures either intentionally as in the case of cryogenic fuels or non-intentionally as in the case of aerospace environment and are observed to undergo changes in their properties. Microstructural changes are the premier indications of changes in the properties of materials. This paper investigates the effect of cryogenic temperature on the microstructure of low alloy steel weldments. The weldments were subjected to liquid nitrogen temperature of 77K and the microstructures were analyzed using optical microscope and transmission electron Microscope. A distin

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16

Durazzo, Michelangelo, Cláudio José da Rocha, José Mestnik-Filho, and Ricardo Mendes Leal Neto. "Fabrication of Powder from Ductile U-Mo Alloys for Use as Nuclear Dispersion." Materials Science Forum 727-728 (August 2012): 362–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.727-728.362.

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For the last 30 years high uranium density dispersion fuels have been developed in order to accomplish the low enrichment goals of the Reduced Enrichment for Research and Test Reactors (RERTR) Program. Gamma U-Mo alloys, particularly with 7 to 10 wt% Mo, as a fuel phase dispersed in aluminum matrix, have shown good results concerning its performance under irradiation tests. Thats why this fissile phase is considered to be used in the nuclear fuel of the Brazilian Multipurpose Research Reactor (RMB), currently being designed. Powder production from these ductile alloys has been attained by atom

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17

Banaszkiewicz, Tomasz, Maciej Chorowski, Wojciech Gizicki, et al. "Liquefied Natural Gas in Mobile Applications—Opportunities and Challenges." Energies 13, no. 21 (2020): 5673. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13215673.

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Liquefied natural gas (LNG) is one of the most influential fuels of the 21st century, especially in terms of the global economy. The demand for LNG is forecasted to reach 400 million tonnes by 2020, increasing up to 500 million tonnes in 2030. Due to its high mass and volumetric energy density, LNG is the perfect fuel for long-distance transport, as well as for use in mobile applications. It is also characterized by low levels of emissions, which is why it has been officially approved for use as a marine fuel in Emission Control Areas (ECAs) where stricter controls have been established to min

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18

Mao, Hongwei, Yanzhong Li, Lei Wang, Fushou Xie, and Jiaojiao Wang. "Investigation on the difference of geyser behaviors among different cryogenic fuels of launch vehicle." International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 45, no. 58 (2020): 34150–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.09.051.

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19

Dubov, Georgiy, Dmitriy Trukhmanov, Iliya Kuznetsov, Sergey Nokhrin, and Aleksey Sergel. "Prospects for the Use of Liquefied Natural Gas as a Motor Fuel for Haul Trucks." E3S Web of Conferences 105 (2019): 03018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201910503018.

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The state-of-the-art of efficiency and relevance of the use of liquefied natural gas as a motor fuel for truck operation is considered. A brief analysis of economic and environmental benefits of using liquefied natural gas as a motor fuel is conducted. It is noted that liquefied natural gas seems to be the most promising alternative to oil fuels for high-payload-capacity haul trucks. It is affirmed that for the first time in Russia, in Kuzbass, OOO “Siber-Energo” successfully implemented an integrated project for the production of liquefied natural gas and its consumption in relation to high-p

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20

Dostiyarov, A. M., D. R. Umishev, G. B. Saduakasova, A. K. Mergalimova, and B. Ongar. "MODELING OF THE COMBUSTION PROCESS IN A DIESEL ENGINE." Series of Geology and Technical Sciences 2, no. 446 (2021): 68–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.32014/2021.2518-170x.36.

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The issues of combustion processes and the organization of the combustion workflow in diesel engines are relevant in view of the tightening of economic and environmental requirements for them. The problem of saving liquid fuels remains one of the most acute in the provision of fuel and energy resources. The development of highly efficient methods for organizing work processes when burning natural gas in a compressed or cryogenic state in the cylinders of internal combustion piston engines and determining ways to further reduce toxic emissions, increase fuel efficiency and reliability in promis

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21

Finneran, Joshua, Colin P. Garner, and Francois Nadal. "The fundamental effects of in-cylinder evaporation of liquefied natural gas fuels in engines." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering 235, no. 1 (2020): 211–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954407020941710.

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Liquefied natural gas is emerging as viable and potentially sustainable transportation fuel with intrinsic economic and environmental benefits. Liquefied natural gas possesses thermomechanical exergy amounting to ∼1 MJ kg-1 which is currently wasted on liquefied natural gas vehicles, while it could be used to produce useful work. The present investigation proposes an indirect means of obtaining useful work from liquefied natural gas through charge cooling and also demonstrates additional benefits in terms of NOx emissions and power density. A thermodynamic engine model was used to quantify the

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22

Wang, Bo, Ruoyin Luo, Hong Chen, et al. "Characterization and monitoring of vacuum pressure of tank containers with multilayer insulation for cryogenic clean fuels storage and transportation." Applied Thermal Engineering 187 (March 2021): 116569. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2021.116569.

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23

Canducci, Chiara, Paolo Bartolomei, Giuseppe Magnani, et al. "Upgrade of the CO2 Direct Absorption Method for Low-Level 14C Liquid Scintillation Counting." Radiocarbon 55, no. 2 (2013): 260–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033822200057362.

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A new system for CO2 absorption and liquid scintillation counting (LSC) was designed and developed along with its inherent measurement protocol for radiocarbon analysis in gaseous emissions, fuels, and biobased products. CO2 is chemically trapped as a carbamate in a suitable absorbing solution (3-methoxy-propyl-amine), gravimetrically measured, and analyzed by LSC (using a QuantulusTM 1220) to determine the 14C content. The use of cryogenic traps and a pressure transducer in the system prevents the need for closed-loop recirculation or additional steps to maximize CO2 capture in a short amount

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Saggu, Mustansar Hayat, Nadeem Ahmed Sheikh, Usama Muhammad Niazi, Muhammad Irfan, and Adam Glowacz. "Predicting the Structural Reliability of LNG Processing Plate-Fin Heat Exchanger for Energy Conservation." Energies 13, no. 9 (2020): 2175. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13092175.

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Liquefied natural gas (LNG) is one of the hydrocarbon fuels with the least carbon footprint having a rapidly rising global share in the prime energy market. LNG processing for transportation at longer distances works under cryogenic conditions, especially when used for liquefaction and gasification applications. The supply chain of the eco-environmental friendly hydrocarbon is heavily dependent on the processing plant used for liquefaction and subsequent re-gasification of the natural gas. Plate-fin heat exchangers are extensively used in the LNG industry for both re-gasification as well as li

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ALEKSANDROVA, I. V., E. R. KORESHEVA, and I. E. OSIPOV. "Free-standing targets for applications to ICF." Laser and Particle Beams 17, no. 4 (1999): 713–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263034699174160.

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In conventional inertial confinement fusion (ICF), a high power laser system is used to compress a cryogenic target and create energy. One of the challenges for ICF cryogenics is producing the homogeneous and uniform fuel on the inside surface of a spherical polymer shell. In this report, we will discuss a conceptual approach based on freestanding targets and the results of our recent and current developments.

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26

Skvortsov, B. V., A. S. Samsonov, S. A. Borminskiy, and D. M. Zhivonosnovskaya. "Device for Conductive Coatings Quality Control of Rocket and Space Technique Elements." Devices and Methods of Measurements 10, no. 1 (2019): 23–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.21122/2220-9506-2019-10-1-23-31.

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The widespread use of cryogenic fuels in the aerospace industry necessitates additional thermal insulation of aircraft fuel tanks. At the same time a static charge may occur on the heat insulating layer during operation which can lead to an explosion if fuel leaks. To avoid such situations an antistatic conductive coating is applied to the insulation. The aim of the study is to develop a device for remote control of conductive coatings of aircraft fuel tanks which allows to quick find and mark damaged areas.The developed method consists in changing the electrical capacitance between the conduc

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Rudenko, Mikhail Fedorovich, Yulia Victorovna Shipulina, and Alexandra Mikhailovna Rudenko. "Using low-temperature technologies to prevent emergency situations at sea and rivers during extraction, production and transportation of hydrocarbon raw materials." Vestnik of Astrakhan State Technical University. Series: Marine engineering and technologies 2020, no. 1 (2020): 7–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.24143/2073-1574-2020-1-7-12.

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The paper highlights the chemically hazardous objects of marine and river infrastructure: offshore drilling platforms and oil production platforms; pipelines transporting liquid and gaseous hydrocarbon fuels along the sea bottom and above the ground; marine tankers transporting oil, fuel oil, gaseous and liquid ammonia; coastal terminals handling and shipping hydrocarbon raw materials, distillation products; gas producing plants and oil refineries; storage facilities for chemi-cally hazardous substances, etc. There are proposed new technologies for combating oil emissions during deep-water dri

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28

Zheng, Xueli, Jing Tang, Alessandro Gallo, et al. "Origin of enhanced water oxidation activity in an iridium single atom anchored on NiFe oxyhydroxide catalyst." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 118, no. 36 (2021): e2101817118. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2101817118.

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The efficiency of the synthesis of renewable fuels and feedstocks from electrical sources is limited, at present, by the sluggish water oxidation reaction. Single-atom catalysts (SACs) with a controllable coordination environment and exceptional atom utilization efficiency open new paradigms toward designing high-performance water oxidation catalysts. Here, using operando X-ray absorption spectroscopy measurements with calculations of spectra and electrochemical activity, we demonstrate that the origin of water oxidation activity of IrNiFe SACs is the presence of highly oxidized Ir single atom

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29

Ricci, Daniele, Francesco Battista, and Manrico Fragiacomo. "Numerical Investigation on the Thermal Behaviour of a LOx/LCH4 Demonstrator Cooling System." Aerospace 8, no. 6 (2021): 151. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/aerospace8060151.

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Reliability of liquid rocket engines is strictly connected with the successful operation of cooling jackets, able to sustain the impressive operative conditions in terms of huge thermal and mechanical loads, generated in thrust chambers. Cryogenic fuels, like methane or hydrogen, are often used as coolants and they may behave as transcritical fluids flowing in the jackets: after injection in a liquid state, a phase pseudo-change occurs along the chamber because of the heat released by combustion gases and coolants exiting as a vapour. Thus, in the development of such subsystems, important issu

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30

MARSZAŁEK, Natalia. "Performance analysis of turbofan engine with additional combustion chamber fueled by alternative fuel." Combustion Engines 179, no. 4 (2019): 249–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.19206/ce-2019-441.

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Presented paper is focused on the performance analysis of turbofan engine with additional combustion chamber fueled by alternative fuel. Additional combustion chamber was situated between high pressure turbine and low pressure turbine. Such configuration is also know under the name inter turbine burner (ITB). As an alternative fuels burn in additional combustion chamber were selected cryogenics fuels: liquid hydrogen and liquid methane. The main combustion chamber was supplied by conventional aviation fuel - kerosene. Thermodynamic model of turbofan engine with ITB was implemented in MATLAB en

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Watanabe, Toshiaki, Hironori Maehara, and Shigeru Itoh. "Evaporating Cryogenic Fluids by Direct Contacting Normal Temperature Fluids." Materials Science Forum 673 (January 2011): 219–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.673.219.

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In recent years in Japan, the demand of cryogenic fluids like a LH2, LNG is increasing because of the advance of fuel cell device technology, hydrogen of engine, and stream of consciousness for environmental agreement. On the other hand, as for fisheries as well, the use of a source of energy that environment load is small has been being a pressing need. We paid attention to the effective use of cold heat of the liquid fuel which is a cryogenic fluid. That method is to use a cold heat which an cryogenic fluid has, without a heat exchanger. The mixture of the extreme low temperature fluid and t

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Aleksandrova, I. V., E. R. Koresheva, I. E. Osipov, and L. V. Panina. "Cryogenic targets for modern ICF experiment." Laser and Particle Beams 13, no. 4 (1995): 539–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263034600009678.

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The physics of the formation of cryogenic fuel layers with various internal structures has been studied in regard to the development of promising layering techniques for modern inertial confinement fusion (ICF) experiments. The investigations have been made with inertial confinement fusion target (ICF targets) and in a target modeling system (TMS) with the nonisochoric process of cryogenic layer formation. The results indicate that the solidlayer structure in TMS differs essentially from that obtained in ICF targets. The thermal history of a fuel layer at separation into the condensed and vapo

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Dubov, Georgiy, Dmitriy Trukhmanov, Iliya Kuznetsov, Sergey Nokhrin, and Aleksey Sergel. "Procedure for Haul Truck On-Board LNG Fuel Systems Performance Evaluation." E3S Web of Conferences 105 (2019): 03019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201910503019.

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The state-of-the-art of the advantages of using liquefied natural gas as a motor fuel for haul trucks instead of oil motor fuel is considered. It is noted that the energy intensity of the process of rock mass hauling by dual-fuel (gas-diesel) haul trucks is less than that of haul trucks running on diesel only. It is argued that the most promising in relation to heavy-duty mining trucks, is the conversion of diesel engines to gas-diesel operation. The universal integrated procedure for evaluating currently used haul truck on-board cryogenic fuel systems performance is presented. The method of e

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Sibilli, Thierry, Capucine Senne, Hugo Jouan, Askin T. Isikveren, and Sabrina Ayat. "Synergistic hybrid-electric liquid natural gas drone: S.H.I.E.L.D." Aircraft Engineering and Aerospace Technology 92, no. 5 (2020): 757–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/aeat-10-2019-0211.

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Purpose With the objective to assess potentially performant hybrid-electric architectures, this paper aims to present an aircraft performance level evaluation, in terms of range and payload, of the synergies between a hybrid-electric energy system configuration and a cryogenic fuel system. Design/methodology/approach An unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) is modeled using an aircraft performance tool, modified to take into account the hybrid nature of the system. The fuel and thermal management systems are modeled looking to maximize the synergistic effects. The electrical system is defined in serie

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Dubov, Georgiy, Dmitriy Trukhmanov, Sergey Nokhrin, and Aleksey Sergel. "Development of Technical Requirements for On-Board Cryogenic Fuel Systems of Belaz Dump Trucks." MATEC Web of Conferences 297 (2019): 03002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201929703002.

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The state-of-the-art of the issue of the efficiency and relevance of the use of liquefied natural gas (LNG) as a motor fuel in the operation of dump trucks is considered. An analysis of the benefits of using LNG as a motor fuel is given. It is noted that, LNG seems to be the most promising alternative to oil types of motor fuel in the segment of open-pit truck haulage. It is affirmed that in Russia, in Kuzbass, the group of companies successfully implemented for the first time an integrated project for the production of LNG and its consumption in relation to BelAZ dump trucks. Data on the rele

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36

Niu, Keishiro. "Implosion motion and fuel compression in direct or indirect driven target." Laser and Particle Beams 7, no. 3 (1989): 505–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263034600007473.

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When a one-shell three-layer cryogenic target is irradiated by a driver beam of total energy 10 MJ and pulse width 30 ns, the pusher pressure increases to 1013 Pa, accelerating fuel toward target center, and the fuel implosion velocity reaches 3 × 105 m/s. A spherical hollow target plays the role of a supersonic converging nozzle, and the fuel is compressed to 269 times the solid density in the supersonic region and to 3·51 × 104 times in subsonic region. Nonuniform beam-energy-deposition in pusher layer causes nonuniform pusher pressure and hence nonuniform implosion, which reduces fuel compr

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Ningegowda, Bittagowdanahalli Manjegowda, Faniry Nadia Zazaravaka Rahantamialisoa, Adrian Pandal, Hrvoje Jasak, Hong Geun Im, and Michele Battistoni. "Numerical Modeling of Transcritical and Supercritical Fuel Injections Using a Multi-Component Two-Phase Flow Model." Energies 13, no. 21 (2020): 5676. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13215676.

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In the present numerical study, implicit large eddy simulations (LES) of non-reacting multi-components mixing processes of cryogenic nitrogen and n-dodecane fuel injections under transcritical and supercritical conditions are carried out, using a modified reacting flow solver, originally available in the open source software OpenFOAM®. To this end, the Peng-Robinson (PR) cubic equation of state (EOS) is considered and the solver is modified to account for the real-fluid thermodynamics. At high pressure conditions, the variable transport properties such as dynamic viscosity and thermal conducti

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Xie, Junjian, Lun Pan, Genkuo Nie, et al. "Photoinduced cycloaddition of biomass derivatives to obtain high-performance spiro-fuel." Green Chemistry 21, no. 21 (2019): 5886–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9gc02790d.

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A self-sensitized [2 + 2] cycloaddition process is developed to convert biomass-derived β-pinene and isophorone to high-performance spiro-fuel, which possesses high density and excellent cryogenic properties.

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Lee, Keuntae, Deuk-Yong Koh, Junseok Ko, Hankil Yeom, Chang-Hyo Son, and Jung-In Yoon. "Design and Performance Test of 2 kW Class Reverse Brayton Cryogenic System." Energies 13, no. 19 (2020): 5089. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13195089.

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With the increased commercialization of high-temperature superconducting (HTS) power cables cooled using liquid nitrogen and the use of liquefied natural gas as fuel, the need for large-capacity reverse Brayton cryogenic systems is gradually increasing. In this paper, the thermodynamic design of a reverse Brayton cryogenic system with a cooling capacity of the 2 kW class at 77 K using neon as a refrigerant is described. Unlike conventional reverse Brayton systems, the proposed system uses a cryogenic turbo-expander, scroll compressor, and plate-type heat exchanger. The performance test conduct

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Daigle, Matthew J., Vadim N. Smelyanskiy, Jacob Boschee, and Michael Foygel. "Temperature Stratification in a Cryogenic Fuel Tank." Journal of Thermophysics and Heat Transfer 27, no. 1 (2013): 116–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/1.t3933.

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Sklavounos, Spyros, and Fotis Rigas. "Fuel Gas Dispersion under Cryogenic Release Conditions." Energy & Fuels 19, no. 6 (2005): 2535–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ef0500383.

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Sarkar, S. C. "LNG as an energy efficient eco-friendly cryogenic fuel." Journal of Energy in Southern Africa 16, no. 4 (2005): 55–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/2413-3051/2005/v16i4a3089.

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The use of an old fuel in a new form has progressed at a rapid space for the last couple of years, due to its several advantages. The fuel in question is natural gas and, its new form, is liquefied natural gas designated as LNG. LNG transported in cryogenic vessels offers several advantages over pipe line transport of natural gas when the gas consuming areas are far away from the gas producing areas. Moreover, LNG as an automobile fuel has also a definite edge over other fuel. However, the LNG age in India is of very recent origin and, only in January, 2004, the first LNG cargo had reached an

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Todoroki, Akira, Kazuomi Omagari, and Masahito Ueda. "Matrix Crack Detection of CFRP Laminates in Cryogenic Temperature Using Electrical Resistance Change Method." Key Engineering Materials 321-323 (October 2006): 873–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.321-323.873.

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For a cryogenic fuel tank of a next generation rocket, a Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastic (CFRP) laminated composite tank is one of the key technologies. For the fuel tank made from the laminated composites, matrix cracks are significant problems that cause leak of the fuel. In the present paper, electrical resistance change method is adopted to monitor the matrix cracking of the CFRP laminate. Previous studies show that tension load in fiber direction causes electrical resistance increase due to the piezoresistivity of the carbon fibers, and fiber breakages also cause the electrical resistance

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Aleksandrova, I. V., E. R. Koresheva, O. N. Krokhin, and I. E. Osipov. "CRYOGENIC HYDROGEN FUEL FOR CONTROLLED INERTIAL CONFINEMENT FUSION (FORMATION OF REACTOR-SCALED CRYOGENIC TARGETS)." Problems of Atomic Science and Technology, Ser. Thermonuclear Fusion 38, no. 4 (2015): 51–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.21517/0202-3822-2015-38-4-51-78.

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Aleksandrova, I. V., E. R. Koresheva, O. N. Krokhin, and I. E. Osipov. "Cryogenic hydrogen fuel for controlled inertial confinement fusion (formation of reactor-scale cryogenic targets)." Physics of Atomic Nuclei 79, no. 7 (2016): 1210–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1063778816070024.

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Park, Minho, Jisun Kim, Changmin Pyo, JoonSik Son, and Jaewoong Kim. "A Study on the Algorithm of Quality Evaluation for Fiber Laser Welding Process of ASTM A553-1 (9% Nickel Steel) Using Determination of Solidification Crack Susceptibility." Materials 13, no. 24 (2020): 5617. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13245617.

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To prevent the contamination of the marine environment caused by ship exhaust gas, the demand for LNG (liquefied natural gas) fueled ships is increasing worldwide. A tank to store LNG at cryogenic temperatures is indispensable to such LNG-fueled ships. Since the materials used for LNG fuel propulsion tanks must have excellent mechanical properties such as impact toughness at cryogenic temperatures, the International Maritime Organization limits the IGC Code only to four types. Most of the tank materials for LNG-fueled ships ordered recently are adopting ASTM A553-1 material, but a systematic s

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Kumar, Ramesh, Lijo James, and Nalla Perumal. "NCCR - Aramid Sandwich Insulator for Cryogenic Applications." International Journal of Computational Physics Series 1, no. 1 (2018): 197–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.29167/a1i1p197-203.

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Structural integrity of cryogenic propulsion system in which fuel and oxidizer tanks are connected using truss tubes was well established. The critical issue in the design is the temperature constraint so that temperature is limited to within K for LH2 tank as against K for the LOX. In the present work, based on transient heat transfer analysis for 600s, polyimide foam filled aramid honeycomb core sandwich insulator is designed for common bulkhead instead of truss tubes each for cryogenic and semi cryogenic systems. Non conducting cryo compatible resin (NCCR) is used to bond the skin and core.

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Rebrov, S. G., V. A. Golubev, Y. P. Kosmachev, and V. P. Kosmacheva. "Laser Ignition of Liquid-Oxygen–Gaseous-Hydrogen Fuel in a Large-Scale Combustion Chamber." Proceedings of Higher Educational Institutions. Маchine Building, no. 12 (717) (December 2019): 104–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.18698/0536-1044-2019-12-104-114.

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The article presents a review of the results of studies of laser ignition of a cryogenic mixture (gaseous hydrogen and liquid oxygen) in an experimental combustion chamber, carried out at the bench testing facility of KBKhA (Voronezh). A laser ignition module specially designed at the Keldysh Research Centre and with parameters optimized for use in the rocket engine launch system was used during the experiments. Fuel ignition by the laser system occurred directly in the experimental chamber without the use of an ignition device or pre-chamber. To implement this ignition method, inflammation of

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Trevisani, L., A. Morandi, F. Negrini, P. L. Ribani, and M. Fabbri. "Cryogenic Fuel-Cooled SMES for Hybrid Vehicle Application." IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity 19, no. 3 (2009): 2008–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tasc.2009.2018482.

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Perin, J. P. "Cryogenic systems for LMJ cryotarget and HiPER application." Laser and Particle Beams 28, no. 1 (2010): 203–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263034610000091.

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AbstractFor the future, we have to develop new sources of energy. These new sources may be based on nuclear fusion with magnetic confinement (as with the ITER experiment) or with a new concept based on inertial confinement. The European community plans to build a facility (HiPER project) which is dedicated to reaching high gain with cryogenic targets, and to test the concepts of target mass production and rep rate shots. The cryogenic system for the 1stphase experiments in HiPER is based on the cryogenic system developed for the French facility Laser MegaJoule (LMJ). The latter must be modifie

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