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Journal articles on the topic 'Cryogenic tank'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 18 April 2022

Last updated: 30 July 2025

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1

Yang, Fan, Chao Zhang, and Bochao Zhang. "Comparative Study and Analysis of Cryogenic Storage Tanks with Different Storage Energy Media." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2565, no. 1 (2023): 012028. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2565/1/012028.

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Abstract Liquefied natural gas (LNG), ethylene, ethane, propane, and other clean energy are often stored in a cryogenically frozen state on a large scale. As the core equipment of cryogenic energy storage tanks, if different cryogenic energy media are stored, there are certain differences in the design of the storage tanks. Although the design specifications differ little, there is a lack of systematic research. This paper compares the material, process, structure, construction, and commissioning of cryogenic storage tanks such as ethylene, ethane, propane, and LNG storage tanks, and studies t

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2

Singh, Saurabh Kumar, Atul Sharma, and M. D. Atrey. "Heat transfer study on cryogen evaporation in stationary and moving tank." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1327, no. 1 (2025): 012104. https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1327/1/012104.

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Abstract The thermal characterisation of cryogenic fluids is quite important during their storage due to external heat leaks. Due to their low viscosity, cryogens are prone to large liquid motions w.r.t the container due to external disturbance (sloshing) during transportation. This phenomenon causes a higher internal heat generation rate due to viscous dissipation. In addition to this, the thermal stratification in the cryogenic storage container is disturbed. In the present work, as a first step, a transient two-phase thermodynamic model, for a stationary liquid nitrogen cylindrical tank, is

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Ustinova, A. P., Yu L. Siuskina, and R. A. Peshkov. "Evaluation of the possibility to use composite material in the structure of the rocket stage cryogenic conical tank." Proceedings of Higher Educational Institutions. Маchine Building, no. 3 (756) (March 2023): 90–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.18698/0536-1044-2023-3-90-100.

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Reducing mass of the launch vehicle components structure to increase the payload mass launched into orbit is one of the main areas in developing the space services market. Modern designs of the launch vehicles require extremely high fuel mass fraction, which necessitates introduction of the low-density materials. Fuel tanks could count for 70...80% of the total product volume, which results in the development of tanks for the cryogenic fuel obtaining decisive importance in design and development of the new type of launch vehicles. Introduction of the composite materials in designing a cryogeni

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4

Choi, Dongkuk, Sooyong Lee, and Sangwoo Kim. "A Thermodynamic Model for Cryogenic Liquid Hydrogen Fuel Tanks." Applied Sciences 14, no. 9 (2024): 3786. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app14093786.

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Hydrogen is used as a fuel in various fields, such as aviation, space, and automobiles, due to its high specific energy. Hydrogen can be stored as a compressed gas at high pressure and as a liquid at cryogenic temperatures. In order to keep liquid hydrogen at a cryogenic temperature, the tanks for storing liquid hydrogen are required to have insulation to prevent heat leakage. When liquid hydrogen is vaporized by heat inflow, a large pressure is generated inside the tank. Therefore, a technology capable of predicting the tank pressure is required for cryogenic liquid hydrogen tanks. In this st

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Johnson, W. L., R. Balasubramaniam, and R. Grotenrath. "Analysis of heat transfer from a local heat source at cryogenic temperatures." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1240, no. 1 (2022): 012013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1240/1/012013.

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Abstract Understanding the dispersion of heat around a cryogenic fluid tank, specifically the interaction between the cryogenic fluid and the tank wall is critical in the analysis of long duration cryogen storage in microgravity. The heat transfer interaction between a cryogenic storage tank and heat sources from external spacecraft structures is also one of the many factors that determine how much heat enters a tank. Recent flight experiments with two-phase fluids have indicated that local concentrations of heat input (also known as “hot spots”) can cause unwanted affects including local boil

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Klebleev, T. I., and V. Yu Semenov. "Experimental Study of Heat Transfer in the Interwall Space of a Cryogenic Tank with Powder Insulation." Herald of the Bauman Moscow State Technical University. Series Mechanical Engineering, no. 3 (146) (September 2023): 113–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.18698/0236-3941-2023-3-113-126.

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Currently, double-wall cryogenic non-isothermal tanks with vacuum-powder or vacuum-multilayer insulation are used in storage and transportation of such cryogenic liquids as liquid nitrogen, oxygen and liquefied natural gas. If the inner vessel is disrupted, the liquid spills into the heat-insulating space and evaporates as a result of heat inflow from the environment. This increases pressure in the thermal insulation space. To ensure functioning of the tank, it is necessary to limit pressure increase in the heat-insulating space. Results of experiments on evaporation of the liquid nitrogen ent

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Patil, Bhushan R., Kyle Twarog, Ossama Mannaa, and Chih-Jen Sung. "Development of test rig for optical diagnostics of cryogenic spray." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1301, no. 1 (2024): 012080. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1301/1/012080.

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Abstract Spray cooling is the primary method for conducting chilldown and fill of cryogenic propellant tanks. In a typical spray injection process, a liquid sheet/jet that exits the spray nozzle undergoes primary breakup by the development of surface instabilities. Droplets and ligaments generated after the primary breakup undergo secondary breakup to create a dispersion of droplets, which extract heat on impact with the tank walls. In the existing literature, there is limited data on the primary breakup of cryogenic sprays and their detailed visualization. Moreover, an insight into the spray

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8

Uglanov, Dmitry, Dmitry Sarmin, Alina Akulova, Daria Aksenova, and Roman Panshin. "Thermal Cycling Toughness and Strength Estimation of Cryogenic Filled Tank." MATEC Web of Conferences 179 (2018): 01014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201817901014.

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At present, technologies based on liquid natural gas (LNG) using start to find a wide use. They also demand technologies of working fluid storage and transportation in cryogenic liquid condition. The working fluid will be used after its regasification from cryogenic liquid condition. When the gas cylinder is filled with gas, there is a danger of exceeding the temperature stresses in the cylinder walls. For the study, there is a method for calculating unsteady thermal conductivity for studying the temperature stresses in the wall of a gas cylinder during its interaction with an evaporating cryo

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9

Kang, Sang Guk, Myung Gon Kim, Sang Wuk Park, Chun Gon Kim, and Cheol Won Kong. "Liquid Nitrogen Storing and Pressurization Test of a Type III Cryogenic Propellant Tank." Key Engineering Materials 334-335 (March 2007): 397–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.334-335.397.

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Nowadays, researches for replacing material systems for cryogenic propellant tanks by composites have been being performed for the purpose of light weight of a launch vehicle. In this paper, a type III propellant tank, which is composed of the composite developed for cryogenic use and an aluminum liner, was fabricated and tested considering actual operating environment, that is, cryogenic temperature and pressure. For this aim, liquid nitrogen (LN2) was injected into the fabricated tank and in turn, gaseous nitrogen (GN2) was used for pressurization. During this test procedure, strains and tem

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10

Didmanidze, Otari, Alexander Afanasev, and Ramil Khakimov. "Mathematical model of the liquefied methane phase transition in the cryogenic tank of a vehicle." Journal of Mining Institute 243 (June 11, 2020): 337. http://dx.doi.org/10.31897/pmi.2020.3.337.

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In order to increase the efficiency of using vehicles (VEH) in mining and quarrying conditions, it is necessary to improve the components of gas equipment (cryogenic tank, gas nozzles, fuel supply cryogenic tubes, etc.) for supplying liquefied natural gas to the engine, as well as storage of liquid methane in a cryogenic tank with a long service life. For this, it is necessary to consider the process of heat and mass transfer of liquefied natural gas in a two-phase liquid-gas medium, taking into account the phase transition in the closed volume of the cryogenic tank under consideration.

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11

An, Gyubaek, Jeongung Park, Daehee Seong, and Ilook Han. "FRACTURE SAFETY OF LIQUEFIED NATURAL GAS TANK IN CRYOGENIC CONDITIONS." International Journal of Maritime Engineering 165, A1 (2023): 115–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.5750/ijme.v165ia1.1208.

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High-manganese austenitic steel has been developed as a new cryogenic steel for application in liquified natural gas (LNG) storage and fuel tanks, with improved fracture toughness and safety at cryogenic temperatures. Generally, the fracture toughness decreases at lower temperatures; therefore, cryogenic steel requires a high fracture toughness to prevent unstable fractures. This study conducted unstable ductile fracture tests with 30-mm-thick high-manganese austenitic steel and evaluated its applicability to LNG storage and fuel tanks. The ductile fracture resistance in the weld joints was ev

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Li, Ting Ke, Jia Di Li, Li Fu Xiao, and Wei Li. "Research of Large LNG Tank Structure." Advanced Materials Research 1070-1072 (December 2014): 378–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1070-1072.378.

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In recent years, the demand of Large LNG storage tank increases over time, but large LNG cryogenic storage tank has not yet established a series of standards and norms, and tank construction technology is also lagging behind. Aiming at the design of the tank form a single, smaller, did not tackle the issue of, this paper mainly discusses from Large LNG tanks, such as type, material selection, structure ,size optimization and so on, which can provide reference for independent construction of storage tank.

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Park, Minho, Jisun Kim, Changmin Pyo, JoonSik Son, and Jaewoong Kim. "A Study on the Algorithm of Quality Evaluation for Fiber Laser Welding Process of ASTM A553-1 (9% Nickel Steel) Using Determination of Solidification Crack Susceptibility." Materials 13, no. 24 (2020): 5617. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13245617.

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To prevent the contamination of the marine environment caused by ship exhaust gas, the demand for LNG (liquefied natural gas) fueled ships is increasing worldwide. A tank to store LNG at cryogenic temperatures is indispensable to such LNG-fueled ships. Since the materials used for LNG fuel propulsion tanks must have excellent mechanical properties such as impact toughness at cryogenic temperatures, the International Maritime Organization limits the IGC Code only to four types. Most of the tank materials for LNG-fueled ships ordered recently are adopting ASTM A553-1 material, but a systematic s

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14

Pazhani, Ashwath, Syed Saad Salman, M. Venkatraman, et al. "Dynamic FEA Analysis of the Super Lightweight External Cryogenic Fuel Tank (SLWT) Made of Aluminium Alloy 2195–Graphene Nano Composite for Launch Vehicle Aerospace Application." Journal of Composites Science 8, no. 7 (2024): 260. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcs8070260.

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This research presents a comprehensive dynamic finite element analysis (FEA) of a cryogenic fuel tank made from an innovative aluminium/lithium–graphene nano-composite material, assessing its suitability for aerospace launch vehicles carrying cryogenic hydrogen and oxygen. The study focuses on the effects of lightweighting, utilizing 0.5 wt.% reinforced graphene in the Al 2195 matrix, a material poised to revolutionize the aerospace industry. Objectives include developing a digital twin of the fuel tank, CAD modeling to aerospace standards, and conducting ANSYS simulations under launch conditi

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15

Zhu, Ming, Gao Feng Xie, and Rong Shun Wang. "Experimental Investigation of the Influence of the Gas Type on the Heat Transfer in a High-Vacuum-Multilayer-Insulation Cryogenic Tank After Sudden, Catastrophic Loss of Insulating Vacuum." Advanced Materials Research 354-355 (October 2011): 294–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.354-355.294.

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One of the worst accidents that may occur in a high-vacuum-multilayer-insulation (HVMLI) cryogenic tank is a sudden, catastrophic loss of insulation vacuum (SCLIV). it is obvious that the different gas leaking into the insulation jacket have some influence on the heat transfer process. However, this problem has not been studied systematically so far. In this paper, a test rig was built up and experiments were conducted on a SCLIV cryogenic tank by using the nitrogen, helium, oxygen, carbon dioxide and air as the leaking medium, respectively. Some important phenomena and heat transfer character

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16

Yang, Jiang Hui, and Gong Sheng Yang. "The Temperature Field Research for Large LNG Cryogenic Storage Tank Wall." Applied Mechanics and Materials 668-669 (October 2014): 733–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.668-669.733.

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According to the structural characteristic of LNG cryogenic storage tank concrete prestressed wall and heat transfer theory, the paper obtain the calculation formula of the temperature field distribution, emphasis studying the heat flux distribution along the radial and axial and node temperature distribution of the section nodes for a 160,000 m3 capacity LNG cryogenic tank by ABAQUS. The paper also establish a set of method which is suitable for the temperature field analysis, proof the feasibility of finite element analysis technique in the analysis of the LNG cryogenic storage tank, and hav

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17

Chen, Ji Dong, Jian Bing Zhu, Ji Peng Zhao, Sen Dong Gu, Bin Yu, and Yu Qi Yuan. "Study on the Self-Pressurization Laws of Cryogenic Liquid Krypton Tank for the Electric Propulsion System." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2458, no. 1 (2023): 012048. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2458/1/012048.

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Abstract To meet the application requirements of zero boil-off storage of cryogenic liquid krypton propellant in the process of completing deep space exploration missions by electric propulsion system, it is important to study the thermodynamic changes in cryogenic liquid krypton tanks under different environments. The gas phase and liquid phase material model of krypton working fluid, the gas-liquid phase change model at the interface layers, and the heat transfer process between the wall and the internal fluid are established by ANSYS-Fluent. The energy source term, gas phase, liquid phase m

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18

ISHII, Hiroji. "PS-type cryogenic storage tank." Journal of The Japan Petroleum Institute 28, no. 3 (1985): 191–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1627/jpi1958.28.191.

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19

I. Dovgiallo, A., S. O. Nekrasova, D. V. Sarmin, and D. A. Uglanov. "Analysis of the Principal Characteristics of the On-Board Throttle Cooling System of the IR Receiver on the Basis of a Tank with Cryogenic Fueling." Open Mechanical Engineering Journal 8, no. 1 (2014): 419–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874155x01408010419.

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In this paper, a new tank with cryogenic charging (liquid nitrogen) is introduced. On the basis of this tank it is proposed to create a throttle cooling system, which may have enhanced characteristics compared with a throttle cooling system based on high pressure tank. This article deals with first results of tests of a tank with cryogenic charging (liquid nitrogen), which have been made at level of pressure to 4 MPa. Also it is shown that the behavior of parameters in a tank on time corresponds to calculation model.

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20

Tzoumakis, George, Konstantinos Fotopoulos, and George Lampeas. "Multi-Physics Digital Model of an Aluminum 2219 Liquid Hydrogen Aircraft Tank." Aerospace 11, no. 2 (2024): 161. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/aerospace11020161.

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Future liquid hydrogen-powered aircraft requires the design and optimization of a large number of systems and subsystems, with cryogenic tanks being one of the largest and most critical. Considering previous space applications, these tanks are usually stiffened by internal members such as stringers, frames, and stiffeners resulting in a complex geometry that leads to an eventual reduction in weight. Cryogenic tanks experience a variety of mechanical and thermal loading conditions and are usually constructed out of several different materials. The complexity of the geometry and the loads highli

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Okpeke, Bright Ebikemefa, Cherif Ait Aider, Lars Baetcke, and Sören Ehlers. "Assessment of Boil-Off Losses and Their Cost Implication during Liquid Hydrogen Tank Filling with and without Precooling." Energies 17, no. 16 (2024): 4092. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en17164092.

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During liquid hydrogen bunkering into a cryogenic tank, boil-off losses occur due to the high thermal gradient between liquid hydrogen and the warm surface of the tank. This leads to gaseous hydrogen release. Such losses constitute a significant drawback in using hydrogen as a fuel for maritime applications where bunkering operations are regularly carried out, thereby constituting a significant loss along the liquid hydrogen pathway. Due to the inherently low temperature of liquid hydrogen, boil-off losses are always present. Some boil-off losses cannot be eliminated because they are thermodyn

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22

Sabaruddin, La Ode. "Penerapan Metode Instalasi Tangki Cryogenic Di Rumah Sakit Untuk Mewujudkan Konsep Green Economic Dalam Bentuk Green Logistic (Studi Kasus di PT. Sentosa Ultra Gasindo)." Majalah Ilmiah Bijak 17, no. 1 (2020): 18–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.31334/bijak.v17i1.822.

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The embodiment of green economy is increasingly sought by various companies throughout the world. This is done as a form of responsibility and care to help preserve nature and maintain the survival of living things in it.PT. Sentosa Ultra Grasindo as one of the companies engaged in the gas industry that provides various types of gas, one of which is medical gas applying the cryogenic tank installation method to help realize the green economy. This study aims to determine how the impact of the application of Cryogenic Tank installation methods in hospitals to the realization of green economy in

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Borschev, N. O., A. E. Belyavskiy, and O. A. Yuranev. "Estimating Cryogenic Tank Cooling Time for a Nitrogen Vapour-Liquid Mixture." Proceedings of Higher Educational Institutions. Маchine Building, no. 9 (750) (September 2022): 116–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.18698/0536-1044-2022-9-116-125.

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At present, there exists a trend for spacefaring countries to use methane as fuel for the first stages of launch vehicles. Russia is currently developing a promising launch vehicle known as Amur LNG. However, due to methane being a hazardous (flammable and explosive) substance, it is poorly suited for fuel tank strength tests conducted using existing equipment. In this regard, we face an urgent issue of developing a safe method for simulating liquid methane temperature during strength testing of methane tanks. We propose to cool the tank with a nitrogen vapour-liquid mixture. To estimate cooli

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Chintu, Jagadeesh, and Srinivasa Rao K. "Analysis of Thermal Criteria on Cryogenic Pressure Vessel." International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development 3, no. 2 (2019): 205–8. https://doi.org/10.31142/ijtsrd20307.

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After a cryogenic liquid has been liquefied and purified to the desired level it should then be put away and transported. Cryogenic fluid storage vessel and transfer line design has progressed rapidly as a result of the growing use of cryogenic liquids in many areas of engineering and science. The development of the Dewar vessel represented such an improvement in cryogenic fluid storage vessels that it could be classed as "break through" in container design. Cryogenic Pressure vessels are weight vessels are utilized for capacity cryogenic fluids with least warmth in spill into the ve

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Lee, Dong-Ha, Seung-Joo Cha, Jeong-Dae Kim, Jeong-Hyeon Kim, Seul-Kee Kim, and Jae-Myung Lee. "Practical Prediction of the Boil-Off Rate of Independent-Type Storage Tanks." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 9, no. 1 (2021): 36. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse9010036.

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Because environmentally-friendly fuels such as natural gas and hydrogen are primarily stored in the form of cryogenic liquids to enable efficient transportation, the demand for cryogenic fuel (LNG, LH) ships has been increasing as the primary carriers of environmentally-friendly fuels. In such ships, insulation systems must be used to prevent heat inflow to the tank to suppress the generation of boil-off gas (BOG). The presence of BOG can lead to an increased internal pressure, and thus, its control and prediction are key aspects in the design of fuel tanks. In this regard, although the therma

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Pesich, J. M., D. M. Hauser, K. G. Yamashita, M. C. Baker, and B. A. Sakowski. "Liquid hydrogen tank chill and no-vent fill prediction using computational fluid dynamics." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1301, no. 1 (2024): 012065. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1301/1/012065.

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Abstract Cryogenic tank chill and fill is an important cryogenic fluid management technology that supports and enables many of NASA’s long-duration space missions. For no-vent fill, the receiver tank pressure remains below the supply tank pressure during the entire duration of the fill so that the tank does not require venting. This is especially advantageous for tank fill operations in low gravity where the position of the liquid is not always known and venting the tank may cause loss of propellant by venting liquid. In lieu of expensive tests conducted on-orbit, accurate computational models

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Ghaffari-Tabrizi, Fardin, Jan Haemisch, and Daniela Lindner. "Reducing Hydrogen Boil-Off Losses during Fuelling by Pre-Cooling Cryogenic Tank." Hydrogen 3, no. 2 (2022): 255–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/hydrogen3020015.

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Boil-off losses occur when gaseous hydrogen has to be released from a cryogenic tank due to liquid hydrogen evaporating. These are a substantial drawback for all areas in which liquid hydrogen is discussed as a potential fuel to limit the climate impact. Especially boil-off losses during fuelling are one of the most significant source of losses along the liquid hydrogen pathway. To analyse and minimize such losses, simulations of the filling process are performed with the simulation tool “EcoSimPro”. The simulations are validated with an analytical solution. The results show that boil-off loss

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Matveev, Konstantin I., and Jacob W. Leachman. "The Effect of Liquid Hydrogen Tank Size on Self-Pressurization and Constant-Pressure Venting." Hydrogen 4, no. 3 (2023): 444–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/hydrogen4030030.

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Hydrogen represents a promising renewable fuel, and its broad application can lead to drastic reductions in greenhouse gas emissions. Keeping hydrogen in liquid form helps achieve high energy density, but also requires cryogenic conditions for storage as hydrogen evaporates at temperatures of about 20 K, which can lead to a large pressure build-up in the tank. This paper addresses the unsteady thermal modeling of cryogenic tanks with liquid hydrogen. Considering the liquid and vapor phases in the tank as two nodes with averaged properties, a lumped-element method of low computational cost is d

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Protozanov, N. K., and R. A. Shestakov. "DETERMINATION OF OPERATING PARAMETERS OF A CRYOGENIC TANK FOR LOW-TONNAGE STORAGE OF LNG." Petroleum Engineering 22, no. 2 (2024): 141–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.17122/ngdelo-2024-2-141-155.

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In the modern world, the gas industry plays a key role in the fuel and energy complex of any country, ensuring energy security and economic development. With the constant consumption of natural gas, there is a need for efficient methods of its transportation and storage. One of the ways of transportation and storage of natural gas is its liquefaction.In the case of low-tonnage liquefied natural gas (LNG) production complexes, where we are talking about small volumes of production of the order of several thousand tons of LNG per year, in comparison with large-tonnage production, where productiv

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Jin, Guolong, Xiongyao Xie, Pan Li, Hongqiao Li, Mingrui Zhao, and Meitao Zou. "Fluid-Solid-Thermal Coupled Freezing Modeling Test of Soil under the Low-Temperature Condition of LNG Storage Tank." Energies 17, no. 13 (2024): 3246. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en17133246.

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Due to the extensive utilization of liquid nature gas (abbreviated as LNG) resources and a multitude of considerations, LNG storage tanks are gradually transitioning towards smaller footprints and heightened safety standards. Consequently, underground LNG storage tanks are being designed and constructed. However, underground LNG storage tanks release a considerable quantity of cold into the ground under both accidental and normal conditions. The influence of cold results in the ground freezing, which further compromises the safety of the structure. Existing research has neglected to consider t

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Watanabe, Toshiaki, Kazuyuki Hokamoto, and Shigeru Itoh. "Destruction of Cryogenic Pressure Vessel and Piping by Shock Wave." Journal of Pressure Vessel Technology 129, no. 1 (2006): 38–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2388999.

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In recent years, the usage of cryogenic fluids as coolant are gaining more attention due to their capability to fulfill the requirements of today’s advancing low temperature industrial applications. As a result, the use of a cryogenic pressure vessel and piping in LNG-tank, LN2, O2 tank for food processing applications and medical applications are becoming more important. In a cryogenic pressure vessel and piping, the reduction of thermal insulation by a small initial damage leads to an internal pressure rise and occurrence of flashing, which leads to a secondary crush of the vessel. In this s

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Kim, SooHyeon, Sungchul Hong, Pyongin Yi, et al. "Experiment and Analysis of Cryogenic Tank Rotation Tank Using SPH." Journal of the Korean Society of Urban Environment 21, no. 1 (2021): 31–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.33768/ksue.2021.21.1.031.

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Dahmani, Lahlou, Rabah Hammar, and Mohamed Oussalem Mechiche. "Cracking Response of a Concrete Wall to Cryogenic Temperature." Defect and Diffusion Forum 365 (July 2015): 71–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ddf.365.71.

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Liquefied natural gas (LNG) has the cryogenic temperature of –160°C to ensure the minimum storage volume when stored in LNG containers. Among various types of LNG storage containers, the full containment above-ground type with a double safety system (outer concrete tank and inner steel tank) is very common. Normally, the inner tank contains LNG, but when the LNG leaks from the inner tank, the outer concrete tank comes into contact with LNG. Under this accidental case, it is indispensable for the outer wall to keep the liquid tightness in order to safely contain the LNG before taking any counte

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Chen, Qiang, Xiaoping Zhang, Xiaojing Yang, Lufeng Yang, Tianxiang Wang, and Gang Lei. "Analysis of Unsteady Heat Transfer in the Pre-Cooling Process of 300 m3 Liquid Hydrogen Tank." Processes 11, no. 3 (2023): 787. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr11030787.

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A mathematical model for the pre-cooling process was established to solve the problems of the long pre-cooling time and uncertain parameters of cryogenic propellant tanks. The pre-cooling parameters of a 300 m3 liquid hydrogen tank at several cooling rates were calculated and analyzed. The results show that the liquid hydrogen flow required to pre-cool the gas in the tank, tank wall, accessories, and interlayer thermal insulation materials increases first and then decreases and that the liquid hydrogen flow needed to offset the heat leakage gradually increases with the temperature reduction. W

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Lv, Cui, Ming He, Jinzhen Wang, Gang Zhou, Jihao Wu, and Linghui Gong. "The design and development of the cryogenic compressed gas refueling system." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1301, no. 1 (2024): 012055. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1301/1/012055.

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Abstract As a new economical, efficient and feasible high density hydrogen storage method, cryogenic compressed hydrogen has been widely explored by scholars in recent years. In this paper, a new cryogenic compressed hydrogen refueling system based on liquid nitrogen cooling is proposed on the basis of the existing high pressure hydrogenation station at normal temperature. The main operating modes of the system include precooling, refueling and standby mode. During the refueling process, it can generate cryogenic compressed hydrogen at 80K temperature and 35MPa pressure, with a mass flow rate

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Chen, Jidong, Jianbing Zhu, Jie Chen, Luobin Duan, and Guowen Xu. "Study of long-term in-orbit pressure control of liquid krypton cryogenic storage tank." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2756, no. 1 (2024): 012052. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2756/1/012052.

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Abstract Due to its high specific impulse, low toxicity, contamination, safety, and cost, krypton has gradually replaced other propellants as the primary choice for electric thrusters on deep-space exploration and large-orbit transfer missions with long-range, long-duration, and large-thrust requirements. However, due to the cryogenic propellant itself having a low boiling point, controlling the pressure change of krypton cryogenic propellant during the process of long-term cryogenic storage has emerged as one of the most important issues that must be resolved and proven to achieve non-destruc

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Edward, Lisowski, and Lisowski Filip. "Influence of vacuum level on insulation thermal performance for LNG cryogenic road tankers." MATEC Web of Conferences 240 (2018): 01019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201824001019.

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In this paper, thermal properties of materials for evacuated insulation systems of double-walled cryogenic tanks were discussed. Than the comparison of insulation variants for LNG cryogenic road tankers was presented. The use of several layers of insulation made of materials such as aerogel and fiberglass or the use of multilayer isolation (MLI) has been compared to the use of perlite powder. The average heat flux through the tank walls and insulation system has been compared under different vacuum levels and in the absence of vacuum. The comparative analysis was performed by applying transien

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Kim, Tae-Yeob, Sung-Won Yoon, Ji-Hoon Kim, and Myung-Hyun Kim. "Fatigue and Fracture Behavior of Cryogenic Materials Applied to LNG Fuel Storage Tanks for Coastal Ships." Metals 11, no. 12 (2021): 1899. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met11121899.

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The aim of this study is to investigate the applicability of automatic plasma arc welding (PAW) to cryogenic materials used in liquefied natural gas (LNG) fuel storage tanks based on experimental data. The mechanical properties of the materials were tested at room and cryogenic temperatures to investigate the fatigue and fracture performances of weld joints made by PAW. In addition, the influence of welding parameters on the welded joints such as material types and temperature were considered in this experimental study. Based on the results obtained by this experimental study, it was observed

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VICTOIRE, Dr T. AMALRAJ. "Graphene-Based Surface Layer for Crystalline Deposition Control in Cryogenics." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH IN ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT 09, no. 06 (2025): 1–9. https://doi.org/10.55041/ijsrem49592.

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ABSTRACT The system has been designed to offer a way to keep frost from forming on your plants on special types of vessels known as cryogenic tanks. There is an organized routine to how it’s run a proven system that handles all tasks in an organized way simple. It starts when an administrator takes charge. It processes registrations and sets up teams as they are being developed the process covers methods of gaining access to the system. After a team is granted access, members of the team receive email notifications with login credentials to enter the platform. The administrator takes on the ve

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Andyamov, V. V., and V. V. Rubtsov. "Cryotechnology to ensure fire and environmental safety of gas station tanks." Technology of technosphere safety 93 (2021): 117–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.25257/tts.2021.3.93.117-125.

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Introduction. The principles of comprehensive fire and environmental safety of gasoline tanks using cryogenic technology in the installation of environmental and fire safety on the example of gas stations are substantiated. Goals and objectives. Substantiation of the principles of comprehensive provision of fire and environmental safety of gasoline tanks at filling stations using cryogenic technology in the installation for ensuring environmental and fire safety (OEEFS). Methods. Fire and environmental safety of closed containers for storing liquid hydrocarbons (in our case, gas station tanks)

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Daigle, Matthew J., Vadim N. Smelyanskiy, Jacob Boschee, and Michael Foygel. "Temperature Stratification in a Cryogenic Fuel Tank." Journal of Thermophysics and Heat Transfer 27, no. 1 (2013): 116–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/1.t3933.

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Guilhem, Jean R., and Sainte Adresse. "4498304 Storage tank for cryogenic liquefied gas." Conservation & Recycling 9, no. 1 (1986): 156–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0361-3658(86)90185-2.

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Lisowski, Filip, and Edward Lisowski. "Thermal and mechanical analysis of the internal support for LNG cryogenic road tanker." E3S Web of Conferences 128 (2019): 01020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201912801020.

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Road tankers for liquefied natural gas are designed as double-walled vacuum insulated tanks. The temperature difference between the fluid in the inner vessel and the environmental temperature can reachup to 200 K. Supports holding the internal vessel must be able to transfer complex mechanical loads occurring under operating conditions and at the same time minimize the heat leakage to the tank. In this paper the construction of a steel support with a composite insert for a 25 m3 tank was considered. The proposed design was tested in thermal and mechanical finite element analysis using ANSYS so

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Yu, Bin, Cheng Huang, Tian Wang, et al. "Research on thermal insulation technology of aerospace cryogenic propellant tank." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2951, no. 1 (2025): 012063. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2951/1/012063.

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Abstract In this paper, the thermal insulation layer, thermal insulation support, and metal interface of the cryogenic tank are taken as the research objects, and the structural design, heat transfer mechanism analysis, heat transfer calculation model establishment, heat transfer calculation and result analysis, and temperature field numerical simulation of the cryogenic tank are studied. The heat transfer mechanism of Spray-On Foam Insulation (SOFI)/Varied Density Multi-Layer Insulation (VD-MLI) in the ground stage and space stage is analyzed. In the ground stage, SOFI heat conduction and rad

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Skrzypacz, J., and P. Jaszak. "Selected Aspects of Cryogenic Tank Fatigue Calculations for Offshore Application." International Journal of Applied Mechanics and Engineering 23, no. 1 (2018): 251–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ijame-2018-0015.

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Abstract The paper presents the way of the fatigue life calculation of a cryogenic tank dedicated for the carriers ship application. The independent tank type C was taken into consideration. The calculation took into account a vast range of the load spectrum resulting in the ship accelerations. The stress at the most critical point of the tank was determined by means of the finite element method. The computation methods and codes used in the design of the LNG tank were presented. The number of fatigue cycles was determined by means of S-N curve. The cumulated linear damage theory was used to d

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Arkharov, Ivan A., Anatoly I. Smorodin, and Oleg Ya Cheremnykh. "Development and investigation of means of transportation, storage, gasification and refueling of cryogen liquids of space systems." MATEC Web of Conferences 324 (2020): 01001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202032401001.

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The paper describes the development of hydrogen, oxygen, LNG (tank cars, container cars) stationary devices based on the existing constructions. The investigation results of liquid hydrogen losses on experimental cryogenic storage and transport tanks with different thermal insulation (multilayer-vacuum, powder-vacuum, screen-vacuum (with a nitrogen screen of different designs)) are presented. The paper presents the results of research on obtaining and maintaining pressure in the tank of a gasification plant with hydrogen supercritical parameters for long-term product delivery to the customer a

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Johnson, W. L., R. Balasubramaniam, R. J. Grotenrath, P. A. Giddens, and J. W. Smith. "Transient Liquefaction on the Lunar or Martian Surface Operational Demonstration." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1301, no. 1 (2024): 012010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1301/1/012010.

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Abstract As developments of local production of cryogenic fluids on the Lunar or Martian surface progress, it is important to understand transient system responses to help with the balancing of process plant power and understanding system-level operations. During the Cryogenic Fluid In-situ Liquefaction for Landers (CryoFILL) testing, a series of transient oxygen liquefaction tests were completed. These tests included varying liquefaction flow rate, environmental temperature, tank fill level, and effective cryocooler lift while allowing the tank pressure to respond to the input controls. An ad

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Kumar, Ramesh, Lijo James, and Nalla Perumal. "NCCR - Aramid Sandwich Insulator for Cryogenic Applications." International Journal of Computational Physics Series 1, no. 1 (2018): 197–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.29167/a1i1p197-203.

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Structural integrity of cryogenic propulsion system in which fuel and oxidizer tanks are connected using truss tubes was well established. The critical issue in the design is the temperature constraint so that temperature is limited to within K for LH2 tank as against K for the LOX. In the present work, based on transient heat transfer analysis for 600s, polyimide foam filled aramid honeycomb core sandwich insulator is designed for common bulkhead instead of truss tubes each for cryogenic and semi cryogenic systems. Non conducting cryo compatible resin (NCCR) is used to bond the skin and core.

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Li, Zhao Qian, Bo Hua Nan, Teng Feng He, and Guan Xiang Feng. "Study of Bonding Technology and Property of Foam-Sandwich Co-Bulkhead of Cryogenic Tank on Launch Vehicle." Materials Science Forum 817 (April 2015): 639–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.817.639.

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As an ideal layout scheme for launch vehicle, bearing co-bulkhead tank can improve the slenderness ratio of launch vehicle, reduce structure weight and increase structure efficiency. In this paper, a novel cryogenic tank co-bulkhead was fabricated by vacuum assisted resin transfer molding (VARTM) process. Consisting of LD10 alloy and polymethacrylimide (PMI) foam-sandwich, the new cryogenic tank co-bulkhead was designed with variable-thickness, hemi-ellipsoid structure, thermal insulation and bearing function. Fundamental temperature distribution, thermal stress and low-temperature load sensit

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TOYODA, Masanobu. "Cryogenic Cargo Containment System of SPB LNG Tank." JOURNAL OF THE JAPAN WELDING SOCIETY 83, no. 6 (2014): 475–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.2207/jjws.83.475.

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