Relevant bibliographies by topics / Cryogenics

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Cryogenics'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 June 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Cryogenics"

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KAMIOKA, YASUHARU. "Cryogenics and Cryogenic Technology." Journal of the Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan 123, no. 12 (2003): 786–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1541/ieejjournal.123.786.

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Șerban, Alexandru, and Gabriel Năstase. "Romanian scientific research in the field of cryogenics." Journal of Engineering Sciences and Innovation 1, no. 1 (August 30, 2016): 131–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.56958/jesi.2016.1.1.131.

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Cryogenics was developed especially after 1990, when Romania's economy has become a free economy. Specialists in the field of cryogenics were only a few and Romanian contribution in research and development of Cryogenics were almost nonexistent. After 1990, development of the main industrial objectives of the country, required the construction and reconstruction of large and modern facilities cryogenic liquefaction of gases, such as ASU Galati GOX 60,000 Nm3 /h in 2010 or Hydrogen Factory - 15,000 Nm3 H2, Petrobrazi, Ploiesti, in 2014. Achieving these plants contribute to the development of scientific research, technological progress in improved editing and design schemes.
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McIntyre, Peter. "Testing of the Superconducting Magnet and Cryogenics for the AMS-02 Experiment." IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity 21, no. 3 (June 2011): 1868–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tasc.2010.2087731.

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The superconducting magnet, cryogenics, and detector systems of the AMS experiment was fully integrated and tested in test beam at CERN during 2009. In Spring 2010 the experiment underwent thermal vacuum tests at ESTEC, where it was operated in conditions simulating those that will pertain in orbit. All elements of the superconducting magnet and cryogenics performed as designed, and equilibrium operation was attained at several values of vacuum case temperature. Details of the tests are presented. A thermal model of the overall cryogenic system was calibrated from those measurements. The model was used to predict the cryogenic lifetime of the experiment, as it would be staged on ISS, to be (28 ± 6) months.
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Kind, Amy, Eric Olson, Paul Snowdon, and A. M. Ferner. "Cryogenics." Philosophers' Magazine, no. 76 (2017): 66–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/tpm20177620.

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Holt, Floyd, and George Amann. "Cryogenics." Physics Teacher 28, no. 5 (May 1990): 321–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1119/1.2343042.

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Shinde, Rushikesh. "Effect of Cryogenic Treatment on Density, Resistivity and Conductivity of Manganese Used in Lithium-Ion Batteries." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, no. 12 (December 31, 2021): 2346–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.39736.

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Abstract: Refrigeration is one of the core branch in the field of thermal engineering. In other words, we can say that the refrigeration is the sister branch of the thermal engineering or thermal science. The main purpose of refrigeration is to maintain the low temperature than the atmospheric temperature or simply room temperature. In a few decades, the new trends in the field of the refrigeration and air condition has been changed drastically. The need for the development of new refrigeration processes is to achieve possible minimum temperature by the liquefaction techniques such as linde claude system. The new field known as cryogenics is developed in recent few years whose main aim is to achieve the lowest possible temperature in order of -100 to - 1500 C. the cryogenics has a wide veriety of the applications ranging from space research to the medical science which can be supposed as a science fiction in the real life. Our research work is based on the analysis of the cryogenic treatment to the lithium ion battery to improve the performance of the battery for the long period. Keywords: Cryogenics, lithium ion batteries, manganese, density, conductivity
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SUZUKI, H. "Projects for cryogenics. Space technology and cryogenics." TEION KOGAKU (Journal of Cryogenics and Superconductivity Society of Japan) 21 (1986): 23–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.2221/jcsj.21.special_23.

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Scurlock, R. G. "British cryogenics council and cryogenics award 1990." Cryogenics 31, no. 12 (December 1991): 1007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0011-2275(91)90121-c.

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Iarocci, M. A., D. Brown, J. Sondericker, K. C. Wu, J. Benson, Y. Farah, C. Lac, et al. "RHIC cryogenics." Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment 499, no. 2-3 (March 2003): 264–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0168-9002(02)01939-3.

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Frederking, T. H. K. "Helium Cryogenics." Cryogenics 27, no. 8 (August 1987): 466. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0011-2275(87)90170-6.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Cryogenics"

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Hussen, Walid Yass. "Investigation of the thermal and magnetic properties of some Ce-based heavy electron systems." Thesis, Loughborough University, 1990. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/27939.

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The aim of this project was an investigation of the thermal and magnetic properties of highly correlated electron systems. To carry out the experiments it was necessary to design, construct and automate a calorimeter and a Faraday susceptibility balance. The calorimeter was used to determine the specific heat of powder samples from 1.5 K to 300 K using a pulse technique. Initially the performance of the calorimeter was verified using spectrographically pure copper samples. The specific heat of CePt2 and LaPt2 has been measured in the temperature range from 3 K to 100 K. The f-electron contribution to the specific heat of CePt2 was determined by subtracting the measured specific heat of isostructural LaPt2 from CePt2. This difference revealed a Schottky anomaly at temperatures between 15 K and 100 K. which enabled the crystal-field splitting of the J=5/2 ground state manifold of Ce3+ to be deduced.
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Richards, Adrian John. "High gradient magnetic separation using ordered wire filters for the separation of human blood and bone marrow cells." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.390731.

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Lozada, Luis O. "Reengineering the process of manufacturing thermal-cryogenics tanks." Online version, 2001. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/2001/2001lozadal.pdf.

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Pezzetti, Marco. "Standard and experimental approach for advanced controls in cryogenics." Amiens, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010AMIE0127.

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Cette thèse présente la problématique des modèles et des systèmes de contrôle appliqués à certaines installations cryogéniques utilisées au CERN et exploite l'expérience accumulée pendant plus de dix ans lors de la construction, du développement et de la mise en route des installations cryogéniques du LHC. La première partie introduit (i) les bases de la cryogénie, tels les fluides cryogéniques, la théorie de transfert de chaleur, le concept de thermodynamique, (ii) les installations de test cryogéniques et les détecteurs au CERN. La deuxième partie donne une vue d'ensemble des techniques standards utilisées pour l'identification du système et la conception des lois de commande. La troisième partie présente une nouvelle approche théorique à la modélisation et au contrôle pour des systèmes cryogéniques à grande échelle, dont la formulation est appliquée sur le condensateur liquide à Krypton de l'expérience NA62. Premièrement, un modèle est dérivé d'équations de bilan sous la forme d'équations différentielles ordinaires (ODE) qui décrivent le flux de masse et le transfert de chaleur entre des fluides cryogéniques. La phase de modélisation est suivie d'une proposition d'une stratégie de contrôle avancé, le Time Delay Control, dont les performances, obtenues en simulation, est présentée en comparant avec les performances d'une boucle de régulation plus traditionnelle (correction PID). L'implémentation de la solution proposée a demandé une phase d'analyse plus approfondie afin d'estimer statistiquement les délais de communication rencontrés lors de la mise en marche du système ainsi contrôlé. La quatrième partie présente les principes de programmation et les outils informatiques actuellement utilisés au CERN pour gérer les installations cryogéniques. Pour terminer l'étude, des conclusions sont données à partir du travail théorique et pratique présenté avec une vue d'ensemble des nouvelles perspectives ouvertes par celui-ci
This thesis deals with the problem of modeling and control applied to some of the cryogenic plants currently used at CERN, and exploits the experience accumulated over more than ten years on the construction, deployment and operation of the LHC cryogenic installations. The first chapter introduces (i) the basics of cryogenics, such as cryogenic fluids, heat transfer theory, concepts of thermodynamics, and (ii) cryogenic test facilities and detectors at CERN. The second chapter gives an overview of the standard techniques used for system identification and control design. The third chapter presents a novel theoretical approach to modeling and control for large scale cryogenic systems, whose formulation is applied to the liquid Krypton condenser of the NA62 experiment. First, a model is derived from balance equations in the form of ordinary differential equations (ODE) describing the mass flow and the heat transfer between cryogenic fluids. The modeling phase is followed by the proposal of an advanced control strategy, the Time Delay Control, whose performances obtained in simulation are presented in comparison with those of a more traditional PID-based control loop, thus showing the improvement allowed by the new approach. The implementation of the proposed solution required a further phase of analysis in order to statistically estimate the communication time delays usually encountered during the operation of the system under control. The results of these analyses are also presented. The fourth chapter presents the programming paradigm and the software tools currently used at CERN to handle the cryogenic plants. The thesis ends with the discussion of the conclusions drawn by the theoretical and practical work presented in the previous parts, along with an overview of the new perspectives it has opened
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Sagar, Pankaj. "Cryogenic Instrumentation using Planar Inductor based Eddy Current Sensors." Thesis, 2019. https://etd.iisc.ac.in/handle/2005/4465.

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Cryogenic sensors have become vital in the measurement of crucial parameters in modern scientific research. This work addresses the design, development and testing of planar inductor eddy current sensors and associated cold electronics for a variety of cryogenic applications. The first sensor designed is a multilayer planar inductor based eddy current proximity/displacement transducer. The initial part of the work focuses on the behaviour of PCB (FR4) based multilayer inductors at 4.2 K. The structural changes (warping) that were in the simulation studies were observed through the variation of capacitance between the layers of the inductors when the sensor was cooled. The second part of the work incorporates the designed multilayer inductor to develop a proximity sensor capable of measuring displacement in the range of (0-5mm) down to 4.2 K. Since the effective realization of the inductor based sensors require signal conditioning elements to be close to the sensing element, the electronic circuits which are capable of working at cryogenic temperatures without any drastic changes in parameters or at least predictable changes in parameters were developed. A detailed study of performance analysis of unbuffered inverter-based LC oscillator development is also discussed. The developed sensor has good thermal stability, sensitivity and repeatability at the cryogenic operating temperatures. The second sensor is a multilayer planar inductor array based eddy current angular position/rotation transducer working at 4.2 K using cold electronics signal conditioning circuits. A study on the rotor segments that would provide the most effective sensing (zero dead zone) is also done. The developed sensor is characterized for the entire temperature range (4.2 K – 300 K ) and shown to work satisfactorily. The final set of sensors are designed to measure the Residual Resistivity Ratio (RRR) of Nb samples. RRR is an important parameter that dictates the purity and in turn, the performance of the Superconducting Radio Frequency (SRF) cavities at low temperatures (<4.2 K). Here, three different non - contact RRR measurement techniques are presented which utilize the eddy current principles. The initial approach uses the ratio of the slope of lift - off lines generated by the impedance variation when the conductivity of the Nb sample changes to obtain the RRR value. The second approach utilizes the inflection point, which relates eddy current penetration depth to the conductivity of the metal. The third approach correlates the inductance variation of the sensing coil with the RRR of the sample through a cold electronics based multiplexed inductor LC oscillator circuit
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NATICCHIONI, LUCA. "Low frequency noise suppression for the development of gravitational astronomy." Doctoral thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11573/918208.

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The existence of gravitational radiation, predicted by the General Relativity theory, was indirectly demonstrated by the observation of the orbital decay in the binary pulsar 1913+16, for which R.A. Hulse and J.H. Taylor were awarded with the Nobel Prize in 1993. From then on, the direct detection of gravitational waves became a main issue in the experimental physics, not only for the verification of the theory itself but, most important, because it can open a new "observation window" of the universe. In fact, many astronomical objects, such as neutron stars and black holes, can be directly studied only through their gravitational emission. Moreover, since its interaction with matter is intrinsically weak, the degradation of informations carried by gravitational waves is negligible, and their revelation will allow us to understand the internal structure of massive objects which emit them, and will also provide a complementary point of view to the traditional astronomy and cosmology. The direct detection must face the extreme weakness of gravitational radiation, hence very high sensitive detectors are required in order to reveal the quadrupolar effect produced by the passage of gravitational waves. The first attempts in this field were based on massive resonant bars, relying on the pioneering technique developed by J. Weber. In recent decades a more promising strategy based on interferometry was developed, providing the advantage of a wide-frequency detection-band (from few Hz to some kHz) jointly to an extreme sensitivity (the detectable strain is smaller than the size of a proton). The global network of first generation interferometric detectors, composed of Virgo, LIGO, GEO600 and TAMA300, demonstrated the feasibility of such a technique; in particular the kilometric-scale detectors Virgo and LIGO achieved a sensitivity high enough to determine the first upper limits for the gravitational emission of some known neutron stars, such as the Crab and Vela pulsars. In the next few years the upgraded version of these detectors, namely the second generation of detectors (such as Advanced Virgo and Advanced LIGO) will become operational and are expected to achieve the first direct detections of gravitational waves. However, the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of these first detections will be too low for precise astronomical studies of the gravitational wave sources and for complementing optical, radio and X-ray observations in the study of fundamental systems and processes in the Universe. For this reason the investigation on the design of a new, namely third, generation of detectors is already started, leading to the proposal of the European Einstein Telescope (ET). With a considerably improved sensitivity these new machines will open the era of routine gravitational wave astronomy, leading to the birth of a complete multimessenger astronomy. In particular, to enlarge the detector bandwidth in the range of 1 Hz, where interesting gravitational signals, such as those emitted by rotating neutron stars, can be detected, a further reduction of the so-called low-frequency noise, with respect to the second generation detectors, is required. In this low-frequency band the main limitation to the sensitivity of an interferometric detector arises from the thermal noise, and at lower frequencies, from the seismic and Newtonian noises. The suppression of the thermal noise will require the implementation of a cryogenic apparatus, in order to cool the test masses down to about 10 K, so that the development of position-control devices capable of cryogenic operations will be also necessary for the suspension and payload control. The seismic attenuation was already obtained in first generation detectors by means of long suspension chains of vertical and horizontal oscillators (e.g. the superattenuator of Virgo), so that a further reduction requires a smaller seismic noise at the input of the suspension system; moreover, mass density fluctuations produced by the seismic motion induce also a stochastic gravitational field (the so-called Newtonian or gravity-gradient noise) which shunts the suspension and couples directly to the mirrors of the interferometer. In order to suppress these two seismically-generated noises, third generation interferometers will be constructed in underground sites, where Rayleigh surface waves are attenuated, and the surrounding rock layers are more homogeneous and stable, reducing the density fluctuations. The feasibility of a cryogenic and underground interferometer was already tested by the Japanese prototype-detector CLIO, in the same site where is currently under construction KAGRA (formerly known as LGCT), the first full-scale interferometric detector based on these approaches. For these aspects, this second generation detector will be the forerunner of third generation interferometers such as ET, therefore a collaboration between the two scientific collaborations has been established. My experimental work is focused on the suppression of these low noise sources, so that this thesis is structured in two parallel fields of research: the seismic characterization of a potential site for the construction of the Einstein Telescope, and the development, calibration and test of a cryogenic vertical accelerometer, which can be used as a position control device, analogously to those used in the actual room-temperature superattenuator of Virgo, but also to check the vibrations introduced by the cryogenic apparatus, as I did with the measurements I performed on the cryostats of KAGRA, presented at the end of this thesis. The scheme of this thesis is subdivided in three main parts: in the first part I introduce the foundations of the gravitational astronomy, from the theory and the astrophysical sources to the experiments which will lead to the gravitational observations; in the second part I discuss the theory of low frequency noise sources and their suppression; in the third part I present the experimental work I performed in this context. Every part is composed of two chapters, structured as follows. In the first chapter I describe the derivation of gravitational waves from the Einstein's field equations, discussing their properties and the astrophysical and cosmological sources, especially those whose emission is expected at low frequencies. In the second chapter I describe the direct interferometric detection of gravitational waves and the main noise sources which limit the sensitivity, concluding with an overview of present and future detectors. In the third chapter I discuss the main features of the seismic and Newtonian noises, and the strategies necessary to suppress them, especially in third generation detectors. In the fourth chapter I discuss the theory of thermal noise, from the ideal case of the damped harmonic oscillator to the real dissipative mechanical systems and optical components of the interferometer. In the fifth chapter I present my experimental work on the long-period characterization of the Sos Enattos site in Sardinia (proposed for hosting the Einstein Telescope), from the construction and instrumentation of an underground array of sensors to the analysis of seismic and meteorological data collected in one year of observations. Finally, in the sixth chapter I present my experimental work on the development of a cryogenic vertical accelerometer, from the designing to the cryogenic calibration and tests at T=20 K. In this chapter I also present the results of the implementation of this device into the cryostats dedicated to the test masses of KAGRA, where I verified the operations of the accelerometer at T=8 K and I measured the vibrations of the inner radiation shield of the cryostats. These measurements led to a first experimental estimate of the additional vibrational noise which will be injected by the cryogenic refrigerators to the detector test masses.
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Ghosh, S. K. "Experimental and Computational Studies on Cryogenic Turboexpander." Thesis, 2008. http://ethesis.nitrkl.ac.in/7/1/sghosh-sarangi.pdf.

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The expansion turbine constitutes the most critical component of a large number of cryogenic process plants – air separation units, helium and hydrogen liquefiers, and low temperature refrigerators. A medium or large cryogenic system needs many components, compressor, heat exchanger, expansion turbine, instrumentation, vacuum vessel etc. At present most of these process plants operate at medium or low pressure due to its inherent advantages. A basic component which is essential for these processes is the turboexpander. The theory of small turboexpanders and their design method are not fully standardised. Although several companies around the world manufacture and sell turboexpanders, the technology is not available in open literature. To address to this problem, a modest attempt has been made at NIT, Rourkela to understand, standardise and document the design, fabrication and testing procedure of cryogenic turboexpanders. The research programme has two major objectives – ⇒ A clear understanding of the thermodynamic scenario though modelling, that will help in determination of blade profile, and prediction of its performance for a given speed and size. ⇒ To build and record in open literature a complete turbine system.
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Sarangi, S. K. "Experimental and Computational Studies on Oil Injected Twin-Screw Compressor." Thesis, 2006. http://ethesis.nitrkl.ac.in/110/1/seshiah.pdf.

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Gas compressors are mechanical devices used for raising the pressure of gas or vapour either by lowering its volume (as in the case of positive displacement machines) or by imparting to it a high kinetic energy which is converted into pressure in a diffuser (as in the case of centrifugal machines). The classification and use of compressors are described in the next section The selection of compressors for different applications is a crucial issue in the process industry. It is usually the most expensive piece of equipment and has dominant influence on cycle efficiency. The common types of compressors used in industry are reciprocating, twin screw, single screw, centrifugal, scroll and rotary vane. Compressor manufacturers are used to having a large market potential. Probably all types of compressors can be improved over what is available in the market today; but the potential return must justify the expense of research and development to achieve the improvement The twin screw compres...
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Patnaik, Kishore Chandrasekhar, and Manish Soni. "3-D Solid Modeling of Screw and Scroll Compressors Including Animation." Thesis, 2007. http://ethesis.nitrkl.ac.in/117/1/10303069.pdf.

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The objective of the work is to do solid modeling of the screw and the scroll compressors using 3-D solid modeling software. Screw compressor rotors are available in various profiles out of which “N” profile with 3/5 configurations is taken for the modeling and fabrication purpose. Scroll compressor consists of spiral vanes out of which one remains stationary and the other one wobbles around an axis so as to create a continuously decreasing volume between the two vanes. Solid modeling of screw and scroll compressors is achieved using the modeling software Autodesk Inventor Professional 11. The output of the software modeling is stored in various file formats out of which *.stl (STEREO LITHOGRAPHY) format is transferred to the Rapid Prototyping machine Z-Print 310 plus available at Department of Mechanical Engineering, NIT Rourkela . Then the rotors were fabricated using rapid prototyping technology which were afterwards planned to cast in metal. When conventional methods of preparing moulds did not work, rapid prototyping was again used to make moulds. Solid modeling of moulds was done to create a cavity of rotor’s shape in a cylindrical mould of adequate wall thickness.
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Dash, S. M. "Study of Cryogenic Cycles with Aspen-Hysys Simulations." Thesis, 2009. http://ethesis.nitrkl.ac.in/241/1/10503073.pdf.

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Computer-aided process design programs, often referred to as process simulators, flow sheet simulators, or flow sheeting packages, are widely used in process design. Aspen HYSYS by Aspen Technology is one of the major process simulators that are widely used in chemical and thermodynamic process industries today. It specializes on steadystate analysis. System simulation is the calculation of operating variables such as pressure, temperature and flow rates of energy and fluids in a thermal system operating in a steady state. The equations for performance characteristics of the components and thermodynamic properties along with energy and mass balance form a set of simultaneous equations relating the operating variables. The mathematical description of system simulation is that of solving these set of simultaneous equations which may be non-linear in nature. Cryogenics is the branch of engineering that is applied to very low temperature refrigeration applications such as in liquefaction of gases and in the study of physical phenomenon at temperature of absolute zero. The various cryogenic cycles as LINDE cycle, CLAUDE cycle etc govern the liquefaction of various industrial gases as Nitrogen, Helium etc. The following work aims to simulate the cryogenic cycles with the help of the simulation tool ASPEN HYSYS where all calculations are done at steady state and the results hence obtained.
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Books on the topic "Cryogenics"

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Cryogenics. Cincinnati, OH: Hanser Gardner Publications, 1999.

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Balshaw, N. H. Practical cryogenics: An introduction to laboratory cryogenics. Eynsham: Oxford Instruments, Scientific Research Division, 1996.

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Helium cryogenics. New York: Plenum Press, 1986.

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Burton, Samuel R. M. Cryogenics demonstrations. [Washington, D.C.]: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, Bureau of Mines, 1996.

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Van Sciver, Steven W. Helium Cryogenics. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-0499-7.

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Van Sciver, Steven W. Helium Cryogenics. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-9979-5.

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Sciver, Steven W. Helium Cryogenics. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1986.

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Helium cryogenics. 2nd ed. New York: Springer, 2012.

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Wigley, D. A. Basic cryogenics and materials. Hampton, Va: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Langley Research Center, 1985.

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Hayes, Allyson E. Cryogenics: Theory, processes, and applications. New York: Nova Science Publishers, 2011.

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Book chapters on the topic "Cryogenics"

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Iwasa, Yukikazu. "CRYOGENICS." In Case Studies in Superconducting Magnets, 1–94. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/b112047_4.

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Bryson, William E. "Cryogenics." In Heat Treatment, Selection, and Application of Tool Steels, 107–14. München: Carl Hanser Verlag GmbH & Co. KG, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.3139/9783446436701.015.

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Pavese, Franco. "Cryogenics." In Sensors, 345–57. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9783527620159.ch10.

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ten Have, Henk, and Maria do Céu Patrão Neves. "Cryogenics." In Dictionary of Global Bioethics, 373. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-54161-3_182.

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Lebrun, Ph, and L. Tavian. "8.3 Cryogenics." In Accelerators and Colliders, 250–64. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-23053-0_27.

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Van Sciver, Steven W. "Cryogenic Principles and Applications." In Helium Cryogenics, 1–16. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-9979-5_1.

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Van Sciver, Steven W. "Special Topics in Helium Cryogenics." In Helium Cryogenics, 393–430. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-9979-5_10.

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Van Sciver, Steven W. "Low-Temperature Materials Properties." In Helium Cryogenics, 17–58. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-9979-5_2.

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Van Sciver, Steven W. "Helium as a Classical Fluid." In Helium Cryogenics, 59–84. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-9979-5_3.

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Van Sciver, Steven W. "Classical Helium Fluid Mechanics." In Helium Cryogenics, 85–114. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-9979-5_4.

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Conference papers on the topic "Cryogenics"

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Rehman, Wajiha, Muhammad Farhan, and Fatima Rehman. "A Review of Cryogenics Applications for Power and Energy." In ASME 2020 Power Conference collocated with the 2020 International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/power2020-16911.

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Abstract Cryogenic technologies use cryogens such as natural gas, nitrogen, helium, hydrogen, argon, and oxygen as main working fluids. These cryogenic technologies and cryogens are emerging in the fields of energy storage, power generation, and eco-friendly fuels. Recently, researchers have proposed to integrate cryogenic systems with power generation systems including Nuclear power plants and wind turbines, to store surplus energy during the off-peak hours and use it during peak hours. The basic idea is to convert air or some other cryogen into liquid during the off-peak hours and expand it during the peak hours to run turbines. Whereas in the shipping industry; LNG is being considered as an alternative fuel to gasoline to meet the future emissions criteria of IMO. LNG not only reduces the vessel’s emissions but it is also cheaper than heavy fuel oils. As every technology has some pros and cons, the efficiency of cryogenics power generation systems is low; about 25%, but work is being done to improve its efficiency and to find alternative applications. This article discusses the applications, advantages, and drawbacks of cryogenics technologies and fuels for energy generation and storage applications. It also focuses on the challenges which are being faced by this technology and possible ways to overcome them.
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Smith, Joseph L. "Application of Cryogenics to Electronics." In ASME 2003 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2003-42193.

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One of the impediments to the application of cryogenics to electronic apparatus is the incompatibility of equipment developed for operation in an ambient environment with a cryogenic environment. The need for the development of cooling and packaging concepts optimized for operation at cryogenic temperature is discussed The opportunities for high efficiency cryocoolers for temperatures of 10 K and below are presented. An entropy flow view of refrigerated cooling is presented. The available methods of refrigeration for operating electronic components at cryogenic temperature are outlined briefly. The three-stage modular Collins-cycle cryocooler that is being developed at the MIT and AMTI is described.
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Dauguet, P., G. M. Gistau-Baguer, M. Bonneton, J. C. Boissin, E. Fauve, J. M. Bernhardt, J. Beauvisage, et al. "CRYOGENICS FOR FUSION." In ADVANCES IN CRYOGENIC ENGINEERING: Transactions of the Cryogenic Engineering Conference - CEC, Vol. 52. AIP, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2908540.

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Cruzat, Fabiola. "Cryogenics maintenance strategy." In SPIE Astronomical Telescopes + Instrumentation, edited by Alison B. Peck, Robert L. Seaman, and Fernando Comeron. SPIE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.926269.

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Singh, Anshuman, Paolo Pintus, Weiqiang Xie, Leonardo Ranzani, Martin Gustafsson, Minh Tran, Chao Xiang, Jonathan Peters, John Bowers, and Moe Soltani. "Millivolt-scale, high-speed electro-optic ring modulators for a wide cryogenic temperature range." In CLEO: Science and Innovations. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/cleo_si.2023.sf2k.1.

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We demonstrate III/V-on-Si modulators with ~10 mVpp modulation and Gbps speed over wide cryogenic temperature ranges (4K-60K). This is enabled by enhanced electro-optic effects of III/V quantum-wells and minimal III/V free-carrier freeze-out at cryogenics.
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Kelly, Sean, and Corin Segal. "Simulation of Cryogenics Cavitation." In 49th AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting including the New Horizons Forum and Aerospace Exposition. Reston, Virigina: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2011-808.

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Avramidou, R. M., K. Anastasopoulos, J. Casas-Cubillos, M. Ciechanowski, X. Fampris, W. M. Gaj, G. Fernandez-Penacoba, et al. "LHC cryogenics hardware commissioning." In 2007 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium Conference Record. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/nssmic.2007.4437326.

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Vitali, F., J. L. Lizon, G. Ihle, M. Accardo, L. Gonzales, P. Sinclaire, J. Pineda, et al. "The REMIR cryogenics restyling." In SPIE Astronomical Telescopes + Instrumentation, edited by Ian S. McLean and Masanori Iye. SPIE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.671197.

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Kelly, Sean, and Corin Segal. "Simulation of Cryogenics Cavitation." In 48th AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting Including the New Horizons Forum and Aerospace Exposition. Reston, Virigina: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2010-1597.

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Benschop, Tonny, Jeroen C. Mullie, Peter Bruins, and Jean-Yves Martin. "Development of a 6-W high-reliability cryogenic cooler at Thales Cryogenics." In International Symposium on Optical Science and Technology, edited by Bjorn Andresen, Gabor F. Fulop, and Marija Strojnik. SPIE, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.451194.

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Reports on the topic "Cryogenics"

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Iarocci, M., and S. Kane. FMEA RHIC Cryogenics. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1119197.

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Hollister, Matt. Millikelvin Cryogenics at Fermilab. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1594132.

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Kane, Steven. F. M. E. A. RHIC Cryogenics. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), February 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1119248.

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Lazarus, L. J. Advanced cryogenics for cutting tools. Final report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/416948.

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Spoor, Philip. Reliable, Practical Kilowatt-class Cryogenics for Superconducting Devices. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1335855.

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Fast, R. W. SSC (Superconducting Super Collider) supplementary conceptual design report: Cryogenics for detectors. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/5484952.

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Jayakumar, R. J., S. Abramovich, and A. Zhmad. Superconducting magnets, cryostats, and cryogenics for the interaction region of the SSC. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/79706.

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Adamowski, Mark, Johan Bremer, Michael Delaney, Roza Doubnik, Dimitar Mladenov, David Montanari, Trevor Nichols, Adrien Parchet, Filippo Resnati, and Ian Young. LBNF/DUNE Cryostats and Cryogenics Infrastructure for the DUNE Far Detector, Design Report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/2246738.

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Doggett, G., H. Dunmire, R. Samuels, and J. Shaffer. Environmental Test Report on the CTI-Cryogenics 1-Watt Integral Stirling Cooler (Long Life HD-1033D). Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, April 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada207412.

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Louie, B., N. J. Kemp, and D. E. Daney. Cryogenic propellant scavenging :. Gaithersburg, MD: National Bureau of Standards, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/nbs.ir.85-3023.

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