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Journal articles on the topic 'Crystallization equipment'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 28 May 2022

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Tsou, Li Te, Sheng Hao Chen, Huai Yi Chen, Yao Jen Lee, Horng Show Koo, and Chiung Hui Lai. "Characterization of Rapid Thermal and Micro-Wave Annealed Germanium Thin Films Grown by E-Beam Evaporation on Glass Substrates." Advanced Materials Research 663 (February 2013): 431–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.663.431.

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In this paper, we used the electron beam (e-beam) evaporation to deposit Ge thin film on glass, and used microwave annealing (MWA) system of 5.8 GHz frequency for thin film crystallization. Then, we compared the MWA experiment results of sample sheet resistance (Rs), crystallization strength and cross section with those using traditional rapid thermal annealing (RTA) equipment. We found that MWA can get poly-Ge thin film with (111), (220) and (311) crystallization directions and optimal Rs at a temperature of about 450 ° C without affecting the film thickness. By comparison, RTA equipment can

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Bosch, R., P. Lautenschlager, L. Potthast та J. Stapelmann. "Experiment equipment for protein crystallization in μg facilities". Journal of Crystal Growth 122, № 1-4 (1992): 310–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-0248(92)90262-h.

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3

Kockmann, Norbert, Mira Schmalenberg, Benedikt Strakeljahn, and Kerstin Wohlgemuth. "Energy and Resource Efficient Continuous Cooling Crystallization with Modular Lab-Scale Equipment." Crystals 15, no. 5 (2025): 421. https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst15050421.

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Small-scale modular apparatuses in continuously operated plants are promising for current and future production processes in fine and specialty chemistry. Different lab-scale crystallizers have been developed and characterized as part of the ENPRO-TeiA project—separation processes with efficient and intelligent apparatuses. Two research groups at TU Dortmund University have investigated four miniaturized crystallization apparatuses for cooling crystallization and characterized them for scaling up to pilot scale with industrial partners. The use in an industrial environment was successfully dem

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4

Ymén, I., M. Ahlqvist, M. Arinder, et al. "PROTEUS – a fully automated crystallization screening equipment at AstraZeneca." Acta Crystallographica Section A Foundations of Crystallography 67, a1 (2011): C124—C125. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s0108767311096966.

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5

Egorov, I. A., V. N. Sakharov, I. N. Baryshev, and P. D. Kosarev. "Belt and roller equipment for the crystallization of melts." Chemical and Petroleum Engineering 35, no. 8 (1999): 437. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02365766.

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Kölbl, Nathalie, Harald Harmuth, and Irmtraud Marschall. "Modified DHTT Equipment for Crystallization Studies of Mold Slags." Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B 49, no. 4 (2018): 1898–908. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11663-018-1257-0.

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Du, Haowen, Xiaomeng Zhou, Yaru Zhang, et al. "Distinct Crystallization Pathways of Polyoxymethylene in Methanol System." Crystals 14, no. 5 (2024): 401. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst14050401.

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Recrystallization of polyoxymethylene (POM) in solvent is an effective post-treatment method for manufacturing a better POM product. Herein, the crystallization process of POM in methanol was investigated with the use of a series of equipment. The results reveal that POM crystallization in methanol yields two kinds of particle morphologies, including small particles with lamellar structures branching and growing in all directions and large particles resulting from melt agglomeration. The mechanism of POM crystallization in methanol with two distinct pathways was proposed, in which solution coo

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8

Reddy, L. Srinivasula. "Crystallization and Flowability Process Scale-Up, a Quality by Design (QbD) Perspective: Sodium Citrate." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 12, no. 8 (2024): 604–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2024.63972.

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Abstract: Crystallization process scale‐up is extremely challenging and this credit summarizes a QbD (Quality by Design) approach for robust crystallization process development in addition to Flowability. To avoid common issues inconsistency of flowability, crystallinity of material, QbD approach has been developed for the manufacturing of Sodium citrate, which is used as excipient (pharmacologically inactive substance). To improve crystallization and flowability of material, the effect of reaction mass (RM) Temperature, effect of addition rate and time, effect of different RPM, effective of e

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Charron, C., C. Didierjean, J. P. Mangeot, and A. Aubry. "The `Octopus' plate for protein crystallization under an electric field." Journal of Applied Crystallography 36, no. 6 (2003): 1482–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s0021889803022908.

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10

Sheikholeslami, R. "Scaling of process equipment by saline streams - challenges ahead." Water Science and Technology 49, no. 2 (2004): 201–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2004.0124.

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Scaling is a major problem and bottleneck in operation of all types of equipment used for handling and/or processing saline streams. The challenge is to be able to determine the criteria to define and predict the onset and rate of scale formation. Even though precipitating salts co-exist in industrial water systems, due to the complexity of the fouling process, research has primarily been concentrated on a single salt precipitation. And solubility concentrations obtained for single salt crystallization have been used as a measure of scaling potential in actual practical situations and usually

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11

Broul, Miroslav, Ladislav Hložný, Luděk Provazník, Tomáš Loučka, and Vojtěch Vaněček. "The effect of the cooling mode on the kinetic parameters of crystallization." Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications 54, no. 11 (1989): 2962–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1135/cccc19892962.

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The effect of different cooling regimes (natural, linear, and programmed cooling according to a theoretical curve) on the kinetic parameters of crystallization and on the mean product crystal size is demonstrated by an example of batch cooling crystallization of ammonium aluminium sulphate dodecahydrate. The kinetic exponent g/n determined on the basis of model experiments does not depend on the cooling regime, the system constant BN is highest for the programmed cooling. If this constant is to be a basis for the design of a cooling crystallization equipment, it is necessary to carry out its e

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12

Fialko, Nataliia, Nataliia Meranova, Julii Sherenkovskii, et al. "Establishing patterns in the structure formation of polymer nanocomposites based on polyamide 6 during their crystallization processes." Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies 3, no. 12 (129) (2024): 62–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2024.306965.

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This paper reports experimental and computational studies on patterns in the structure formation of polymer nanocomposites when different types of fillers are used. The study was conducted for nanocomposites based on polyamide 6 filled with carbon nanotubes or silicon dioxide nanoparticles. In the course of research, the mass fraction of the filler varied from 0.2 % to 4.0 %, and the cooling rate of the melt composite varied from 0.5 K/min up to 20 K/min. Data on experimental and theoretical studies into the mechanisms of structure formation of composites according to the method, which include

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13

Höving, Stefan, Phil Bolien, Paul Siebers, and Norbert Kockmann. "Simplified Approach to Characterize the Cooling Crystallization in a Modular Mini-Plant." Crystals 13, no. 1 (2023): 147. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst13010147.

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The characterization of new process equipment often includes tedious experiments, particularly for (cooling) crystallization. This can be cost-intensive and time-consuming when the actual equipment has to be continuously operated to gain new insights. For multi-purpose plants that frequently change the process substance system, this can be especially laborious. In order to accelerate the generation of characterization data for the quasi-continuous filter belt crystallizer (QCFBC), a Peltier-element-driven, simplified experimental benchtop setup is validated in this work using a sucrose/water m

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14

Maki, S., R. Murai, H. Y. Yoshikawa, et al. "Protein crystallization in a 100 nl solution with new stirring equipment." Journal of Synchrotron Radiation 15, no. 3 (2008): 269–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s0909049508001842.

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15

Zhu, Zhao You, Zhong Ze Lv, Ying Long Wang, and Ying Liu. "Simulation of Vacuum Rotating Dryer to Dry Caffeine Colloid." Advanced Materials Research 560-561 (August 2012): 1159–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.560-561.1159.

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It is time-consuming to dry the caffeine colloid got from caffeine methylation liquid after evaporating crystallization and cooling crystallization. To solve this problem, the laboratory equipment is designed to simulate vacuum rotating dryer to dry the caffeine colloid. Through the single-factor experiment and orthogonal experiment, the suitable dry conditions are determined as follows: the heating temperature is 110 °C; the vacuum degree is 0.09 MPa; the stirring speed is 250 rpm. The drying time under the optimal process conditions is reduced to 1.01hours.

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16

Ganna, Tregubenko, and Menyailo Elena. "Analysis of hydrogen behavior by crystallization of secondary aluminum alloy." Theory and practice of metallurgy 1,2021, no. 1,2021(126) (2021): 39–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.34185/tpm.1.2021.06.

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Methodology. There was conducted the process modeling of hydrogen by crystallization of secondary aluminum alloy. Findings. There was conducted an analysis of hydrogen behavior by indurating secondary aluminum alloy castings. There were obtained expressions for calculation of the current value in the process of secondary aluminum alloy crystallization of the hydrogen density in the boundary diffused layer, on the crystallization front, in the volume of the remaining melt, and the effective hydrogen distribution coefficient. Originality. For the first time, there was obtained an arithmetic mode

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17

Quintino, Davi Batista, and Ricardo Amâncio Malagoni. "Sucrose Crystallization in Vibrated Bed Process, Unusual Crystallizer Configuration." Materials Science Forum 899 (July 2017): 77–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.899.77.

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Through yield and Sauter mean diameter, the sucrose crystallization was studied in vibrated bed equipment, in which, supersaturation degree, dimensionless vibration number and crystallization time were independent variables. A central composite design with seventeen trials was performed in order to ascertain the influence of each variable in both responses, the crystallization temperature and the amount of seeds were kept constant. The crystallization vibration system differs from the usual configuration, consisting of two perforated discs made of stainless steel, one loop and three aluminum r

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18

Gao, Ye, Teng Zhang, Yiming Ma, et al. "Application of PAT-Based Feedback Control Approaches in Pharmaceutical Crystallization." Crystals 11, no. 3 (2021): 221. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst11030221.

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Crystallization is one of the important unit operations for the separation and purification of solid products in the chemical, pharmaceutical, and pesticide industries, especially for realizing high-end, high-value solid products. The precise control of the solution crystallization process determines the polymorph, crystal shape, size, and size distribution of the crystal product, which is of great significance to improve product quality and production efficiency. In order to develop the crystallization process in a scientific method that is based on process parameters and data, process analys

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19

Vasilenko, V. A., E. Yu Kortchagin, A. M. Chitrin, V. N. Kulikov, A. M. Bessarabov, and E. M. Koltsova. "Creation of an Intellectual Information System for Crystallization Processes Equipment Designing and for Optimization of Mass Crystallization Regimes." Chemie Ingenieur Technik 73, no. 6 (2001): 634–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1522-2640(200106)73:6<634::aid-cite6343333>3.0.co;2-g.

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20

Yang, Hongwei, and Jianghua Du. "Crystallinity, Rheology, and Mechanical Properties of Low-/High-Molecular-Weight PLA Blended Systems." Molecules 29, no. 1 (2023): 169. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules29010169.

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As semi-crystalline polyester (lactic acid) (PLA) is combined with other reinforcing materials, challenges such as phase separation, environmental pollution, and manufacturing difficulties could hinder the benefits of PLA, including complete biodegradability and strong mechanical properties. In the present investigation, melt blending is utilized to establish a mixture of low- and high-molecular-weight polylactic acids (LPLA and HPLA). The crystallinity, rheology, and mechanical properties of the combination were analyzed using rotational rheometry, differential scanning calorimetry, X-ray dif

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21

König, O., P. Rechsteiner, B. Trusch, C. Andreoli, and J. Hulliger. "Equipment for controlling nucleation and tailoring the size of solution-grown single crystals." Journal of Applied Crystallography 30, no. 4 (1997): 507–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s0021889896012745.

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An improved version of the known temperature difference (ΔT) technique of crystallization from solution is presented. A Peltier device was used to control the local temperature of nucleation, dissolution and growth in order to reduce typically occurring delay times in the nucleation process within a given sample tube and to tailor the size of the single crystals to be obtained.

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22

Prince, Chelsy, and Zongchao Jia. "Measurement of detergent concentration using 2,6-dimethylphenol in membrane-protein crystallization." Acta Crystallographica Section D Biological Crystallography 68, no. 12 (2012): 1694–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s0907444912040176.

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Methods have previously been developed to measure detergent concentration in membrane-protein samples, but most have significant limitations, such as requiring specialized equipment or consuming a significant amount of precious sample. This work explores the use of 2,6-dimethylphenol in a phenol–sulfuric acid assay to accurately measure the concentration of common glycosidic-based detergents used in crystallization. This method is amenable to routine laboratory use, provides excellent sensitivity and significantly reduces the sample volume required. Using anEscherichia colityrosine kinase (Etk

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23

Gryadunov, K. I. "Ensuring the aviation fuel quality when using anti-water crystallization fluids." Civil Aviation High Technologies 26, no. 6 (2023): 22–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.26467/2079-0619-2023-26-6-22-32.

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The addition of anti-water crystallization fluids (AWCF) in aviation fuels (AF) is a radical and relatively simple method to prevent ice formation in the aircraft fuel systems and aviation engines (AE). The anti-water crystallization fluids use is extremely important for our country. However, failures of fuel systems components due to icing also occur when the anti-water crystallization fluids are added to aviation fuel. The article shows that one of the most significant causes is a decrease in standard concentration of the anti-water crystallization fluids in aviation fuels after refueling du

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Janbon, Sophie L. M., Anna R. Parsons, Emmanuela Gavi, and Gavin K. Reynolds. "Effects of Scale, Equipment, and Operation on Agglomeration during a Reactive Crystallization." Organic Process Research & Development 23, no. 3 (2019): 302–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.oprd.8b00227.

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25

Lian, Zhouyang, Zhengwei Luo, Lirui Yuan, Mulin Guo, Wuji Wei, and Kuo Liu. "Corrosion inhibition of organic amine on Q235 steel in ammonium sulfate slurry of ammonia flue gas desulfurization system." Anti-Corrosion Methods and Materials 64, no. 4 (2017): 432–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/acmm-03-2015-1522.

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Purpose This paper aims to evaluate diethylenetriamine (DETA) as an inhibitor on Q235 (Gr. D) steel in ammonia flue gas desulfurization (AFGD) system. Design/methodology/approach This research was carried out by weight loss, electrochemical measurements, scanning electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectrometry. The effects of DETA on crystallization of ammonium sulfate and its co-crystallization were also investigated by X-ray diffraction and infrared spectroscopy. Findings The inhibition efficiency of DETA reached a maximum value of 98.96 per cent. DETA is postulated to adsorb on Q23

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Fialko, N. M., R. V. Dinzhos, and R. A. Navrodskaya. "POLYMER MICRO- AND NANOCOMPOSITES AS OBJECTS OF THERMOPHYSICAL RESEARCH FOR ELEMENTS OF HEAT-POWER ENGINEERING EQUIPMENT." Industrial Heat Engineering 39, no. 2 (2017): 36–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.31472/ihe.2.2017.06.

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The results of studies of the regularities of the change in thermophysical characteristics and crystallization mechanisms for a wide range of polymeric micro- and nanocomposites oriented on production of elements of heat-power engineering equipment are presented. An analysis of the efficiency of using high- and low-conductivity modifications of these composite materials is done.

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Vlasov, V. N., V. I. Strelov, and E. N. Korobeynikova. "Influence of Growth Equipment Vibrations on Convective Processes during Doped Semiconductor Crystals Growth." Поверхность. Рентгеновские, синхротронные и нейтронные исследования, no. 3 (March 1, 2023): 87–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s1028096023030196.

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In terrestrial experiments under conditions of weak convective currents, the effect of vibrations of growth equipment on the uniformity of semiconductor doped single crystals grown by the method of directional solidification was investigated. Studies are based on theoretical calculations and experimental results on the growth of gallium-doped germanium single crystals, during the crystallization of which convective processes, including those close to microgravity conditions, were simulated at different intensities. Measurement of inhomogeneity of dopant distribution over crystal length was car

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Yang, Yu. "Study on Microstructure Evolution of Ultrafine Crystallization of TA2 Industrial Pure Titanium." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2229, no. 1 (2022): 012003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2229/1/012003.

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Abstract Abstracts: The ultra-fine crystallization of industrial pure titanium allows it to have higher tensile strength, corrosion resistance and thermal stability. So it is extensively applied to medical equipment, aerospace, aircraft and passenger car manufacturing and other fields. In this paper, the multi-pass, medium-small thinning spinning process of TA2 industrial pure titanium was carried out to make ultra-fine crystallization of industrial pure titanium. The study analyzes the evolution of its surface micro-structure by optical means. The analysis outcomes indicate that the processin

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Agrawal, Eshna, and Jitendra Malviya. "Cost-Effective Salt Harvesting: Efficient and Sustainable Production through Technological Innovation." INTERANTIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH IN ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT 08, no. 10 (2024): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.55041/ijsrem37956.

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Maximizing the quantity, quality, and cost-efficiency of salt production requires innovative approaches. This study presents a novel geo-membrane (GM)-based salt production technique that significantly improves salt yield and quality for Indian salt producers. The GM method is simple to implement across various salt production facilities, requiring only basic equipment. Compared to traditional methods, statistical analyses demonstrate substantial improvements in both the quantity and quality of salt produced with the GM method. The process enhances salt purity by 12–15%, reduces production cos

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Lebedev, Volodymyr, Sergiy Loy, and Оleksiy Khalimovskyy. "Technical and technological impacts on metal crystallization during automatic and mechanized electric arc weldingsurfacing." Scientific journal of the Ternopil national technical university 107, no. 3 (2022): 29–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.33108/visnyk_tntu2022.03.029.

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The generalized systematization of application of systems and means of the welding equipment on the basis of mechatronic and mechanical designs concerning maintenance of operational characteristics of welds and the welded layers at electric arc welding-surfacing by a melting electrode is offered. It is shown that the improvement of the mechanical properties of the welded joint can be obtained by introducing new components and parts into the standard equipment. The estimation of technical and technological actions in the process of welding for formation of purposeful influence on conditions of

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Ma, Yanyu, Xueyou Qin, Hui Yan, et al. "Research Progress in the Industrial Crystallization of Citrate—A Review." Crystals 13, no. 8 (2023): 1186. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst13081186.

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The citrate industry has a wide range of applications in food, pharmaceutical, and other fields. As a common class of food additives and functional supplements with tremendous development potential and strong core competitiveness, particles with good powder characteristics and functionalization are becoming one of the primary directions in the evolution of citrate into the high-end market. This article reviews the primary citrate crystallization techniques and examines the fundamental citrate crystallization mechanisms by describing citrate nucleation and growth during the industrial crystalli

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Dmitriev, A. S., and A. V. Klimenko. "Two-dimensional materials in energy technologies: Thermophysical aspects." E3S Web of Conferences 459 (2023): 08002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202345908002.

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The prospects for the use of new two-dimensional nanomaterials, in particular graphene, for the heat and mass transfer enhancement in power and electronic equipment are considered. Examples of the influence of the properties of two-dimensional materials on the processes of wetting, evaporation, boiling, and crystallization are given in relation to energy technologies.

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Pääkkönen, Tiina M., Ulla Ojaniemi, Markus Riihimäki, Esa Muurinen, Carey J. Simonson, and Riitta L. Keiski. "Surface Patterning of Stainless Steel in Prevention of Fouling in Heat Transfer Equipment." Materials Science Forum 762 (July 2013): 493–500. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.762.493.

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Fouling of surfaces is a major challenge in design and operation of many industrial heat transfer equipment. Fouling causes significant energy, material and production losses, which increase the environmental impact and decrease economic profitability of processes. Even small improvements in prevention of fouling would lead to significant savings in a wide range of heat transfer applications. In this study, crystallization fouling of aqueous calcium carbonate solutions on a heated stainless steel surface is used to investigate the prevention of fouling in heat transfer equipment by physical su

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FREDERICK, W. J. (JIM), and DANIEL D. EUHUS. "A practical approach to eliminating rapid sodium carbonate - sodium sulfate scaling in black liquor concentrators." July 2015 14, no. 7 (2015): 431–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.32964/tj14.7.431.

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Black liquor concentrators perform as crystallizers as well as evaporators, producing up to 200 kg of sodium carbonate - sodium sulfate double salt (Na2CO3+Na2SO4) crystals per o.d. metric ton of pulp produced. One of these salts, sodium sulfate dicarbonate, rapidly fouls many concentrators as it crystallizes from solution. Design and operation of black liquor concentrators to manage its crystallization can eliminate or substantially reduce sodium sulfate dicarbonate scaling. Older equipment installed before sodium sulfate dicarbonate was discovered in 2002 would benefit the most. This paper e

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Korostelev, Vladimir F., and M. S. Denisov. "Crystallizing Metal Shrinkage: Automation of High-Pressure Crystallization Control." Materials Science Forum 1049 (January 11, 2022): 18–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.1049.18.

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The properties of bulk metal products are formed when molten metal transforms from an unstructured liquid into a solid crystal state. We suggest a new approach to the automation of the control over crystallized metal shrinkage compensation based on controlling the law of change in pressure applied to crystallizing metal through a program taking into account the transition process in the hydraulic system of the production equipment. We observed the increase in rigidity, durability, and pliability of В95-alloy samples as compared to cast aluminum alloys. The metal utilization rate can be increas

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Savage, David, Jane E. Robbins, and Richard J. Merriman. "Hydrothermal crystallization of a radioactive waste storage glass." Mineralogical Magazine 49, no. 351 (1985): 195–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/minmag.1985.049.351.06.

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AbstractA borosilicate glass, containing 25 wt. % of simulated high-level radioactive waste has been reacted with water at 350°C and 500 bars for 14 and 48 days using large-volume ‘cold-seal’ high-pressure equipment. Under these conditions the glass crystallizes a suite of mineral phases including: albite, NaAlSi3O8; aegirine, NaFeSi2O6; riebeckite, Na2Fe2(Fe,Mg)3Si8O22(OH)2; zektzerite, LiNaZrSi6O15; barium-strontium molybdate, (Ba,Sr)MoO4; stillwellite, (Nd,Ce,La)BSiO5; willemite, Zn2SiO4; smectite; a lithium-sodium borosilicate hydrate; melilite (åkermanite), Ca2MgSi2O7. A description of th

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Zheng, Dan, Jie Yan, Jun Chen, and Zeqin Wang. "The Reaction Extraction Combining Crystallization for Growth of Sodium Chloride in a Spray Fluidized Bed Crystallizer." Journal of Chemistry 2020 (November 27, 2020): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8307847.

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At present, the crystal size of sodium chloride prepared by a traditional crystallization process (such as stirred crystallization) is inhomogeneous, and it has a great quantity of fine grains in crystallizer. This work presents a novel approach for the growth of sodium chloride from supersaturated solutions by reaction-extractive crystallization in a spray fluidized bed crystallizer (SFBC), in which sodium sulfate solution is transformed into potassium chloride and sulphuric acid based on a reactive extraction-crystallization process using triisooctylamine (TOL) in n-octanol as the extraction

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Clavaguera, N., M. T. Clavaguera-Mora, and M. Fontana. "Accuracy in the experimental calorimetric study of the crystallization kinetics and predictive transformation diagrams: Application to a Ga–Te amorphous alloy." Journal of Materials Research 13, no. 3 (1998): 744–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.1998.0094.

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The uncertainties inherent to experimental differential scanning calorimetric data are evaluated. A new procedure is developed to perform the kinetic analysis of continuous heating calorimetric data when the heat capacity of the sample changes during the crystallization. The accuracy of isothermal calorimetric data is analyzed in terms of the peak-to-peak noise of the calorimetric signal and base line drift typical of differential scanning calorimetry equipment. Their influence in the evaluation of the kinetic parameter is discussed. An empirical construction of the time-temperature and temper

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Chen, Pinzhang, Zhijie Xia, Yongyue Luo, and Wei Chen. "A cryo-bulge apparatus for in situ weather balloon crystallization capturing during blowing by synchrotron radiation x-ray scattering." Review of Scientific Instruments 93, no. 5 (2022): 053901. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0071132.

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A cryo-bulge apparatus, which can be directly installed in the synchrotron radiation x-ray scattering beamline, is designed and manufactured. Using the cryo-bulge apparatus, the crystallization of natural rubber during blowing can be captured in situ. For mechanical measurements, the rubber film is tightly clamped at the periphery of a circular window. A low temperature measurement is achieved by the presence of a large iron block, which ensures low temperature variation (<±2 °C in 1 h) during x-ray data acquisition. Since the incident x-ray beam passes through the top-most position of the

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Petrauskas, João Vitor, Sergio Henrique Bernardo Faria, Wardleison Martins Moreira, and Lucas Bonfim-Rocha. "Simulation of Sodium Bicarbonate Purification via the Sodium Sulfate Carbonation Route." Processes 12, no. 8 (2024): 1687. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr12081687.

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The present work sought to study the mother water of the process and point out alternatives so that the water present in this solution can be recovered and the possibility of recycling it can be analyzed. The following alternatives were adopted: the evaporation of water without reaching the saturation point of the mother water and evaporation beyond the saturation point. For the first case, flash distillation was used to remove unwanted components, followed by an evaporation process. The second case was studied employing salt crystallization, for which crystallizers were used. This study was c

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Volkov, D. A., A. D. Volkov, and A. V. Efimenko. "Gating systems in the casting grinding balls technology." Litiyo i Metallurgiya (FOUNDRY PRODUCTION AND METALLURGY), no. 1 (March 12, 2022): 32–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.21122/1683-6065-2022-1-32-36.

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The article presents a number of experimental and research works on the development of parameters of the casting technology of grinding balls by casting in a lined coquille (chill mould) with a vertical connector. The influence of a multi-level gating system on the efficiency of filling the mold cavity of lined coquilles with melt, on the quality of crystallization of large grinding balls, as well as on increasing the output of suitable casting was revealed. The influence of the thickness of the facing layer on the crystallization of large grinding balls is studied. The effect of modifiers con

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N., Karaman, Muryanto S., Jamari J., and P. Bayuseno A. "Effects of Metal Oxides on the Crystallization of BaSo4 in a Vibrated Batch Crystallizer System." International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology (IJEAT) 9, no. 3 (2020): 3232–36. https://doi.org/10.35940/ijeat.C6152.029320.

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Scale formation of BaSO4 (barite) is a serious and persistent problem in a petroleum industry. The scale may severely hamper industrial processes through clogging the equipment, blocking the piping system, reducing the transfer of heat and material, which can lead to total breakdown and substantial financial losses. Hence, various methods have been applied to prevent the scaling of barite. This work reports a vibrated-batch lab crystallization to examine the influence of copper oxide (CuO) and zinc oxide (ZnO), an increasing temperature and mechanical vibration at 4.00 Hz and 8.00 Hz frequenci

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Rychkov, Denis A., Sergey G. Arkhipov, and Elena V. Boldyreva. "Simple and efficient modifications of well known techniques for reliable growth of high-quality crystals of small bioorganic molecules." Journal of Applied Crystallography 47, no. 4 (2014): 1435–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s1600576714011273.

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A number of modifications to traditional techniques are suggested in order to overcome problems that frequently arise when growing crystals from solution. These improvements, and their combination, help to avoid problems such as poor nucleation, the spontaneous precipitation of many poor-quality small powder-like crystals, crystals adhering to the crystallization vessel or to each other, and chemical degradation of the solution. The proposed techniques can be used to crystallize desirable metastable polymorphs reliably. None of the suggested methods demands the usage of any special or expensiv

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Höving, Stefan, Laura Neuendorf, Timo Betting, and Norbert Kockmann. "Determination of Particle Size Distributions of Bulk Samples Using Micro-Computed Tomography and Artificial Intelligence." Materials 16, no. 3 (2023): 1002. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16031002.

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The knowledge of product particle size distribution (PSD) in crystallization processes is of high interest for the pharmaceutical and fine chemical industries, as well as in research and development. Not only can the efficiency of crystallization/production processes and product quality be increased but also new equipment can be qualitatively characterized. A large variety of analytical methods for PSDs is available, most of which have underlying assumptions and corresponding errors affecting the measurement of the volume of individual particles. In this work we present a method for the determ

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Sánchez, J., Y. Ruiz, J. M. Auleda, E. Hernández, and M. Raventós. "Review. Freeze Concentration in the Fruit Juices Industry." Food Science and Technology International 15, no. 4 (2009): 303–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1082013209344267.

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In conventional processes, such as evaporation, higher levels of concentration can be reached compared with freeze concentration or membrane techniques. However, the advantage of the freeze concentration technique is based on the quality of the product obtained due to the low temperatures used in the process, which makes it a very suitable technology for the processing of fruit juices. There are two basic methods for concentrating solutions by freezing: suspension and film freeze concentration. Suspension freeze concentration systems (FCS) already have operating equipment in the food industry,

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Fakhreeva, Alsu Venerovna, Vasily Viktorovich Nosov, Alexander Iosifovich Voloshin, and Vladimir Anatolyevich Dokichev. "Polysaccharides as Effective and Environmentally Friendly Inhibitors of Scale Deposition from Aqueous Solutions in Technological Processes." Polymers 15, no. 6 (2023): 1478. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym15061478.

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In this paper, we consider natural and modified polysaccharides for use as active ingredients in scale deposition inhibitors to prevent the formation of scale in oil production equipment, heat exchange equipment, and water supply systems. Modified and functionalized polysaccharides with a strong ability to inhibit the formation of deposits of typical scale, such as carbonates and sulfates of alkaline earth elements found in technological processes, are described. This review discusses the mechanisms of the inhibition of crystallization using polysaccharides, and the various methodological aspe

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Heidari Khajepour, Mohammad Yaser, Hugo Lebrette, Xavier Vernede, Pierrick Rogues, and Jean-Luc Ferrer. "A geometrical approach for semi-automated crystal centering andin situX-ray diffraction data collection." Journal of Applied Crystallography 46, no. 3 (2013): 740–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s002188981301008x.

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High-throughput protein crystallography projects pushed forward the development of automated crystallization platforms that are now commonly used. This created an urgent need for adapted and automated equipment for crystal analysis. However, first these crystals have to be harvested, cryo-protected and flash-cooled, operations that can fail or negatively impact on the crystal.In situX-ray diffraction analysis has become a valid alternative to these operations, and a growing number of users apply it for crystal screening and to solve structures. Nevertheless, even this shortcut may require a si

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Kato, Hirotaka, Keitaro Yamamoto, and Kazufumi Yasunaga. "Nano-Crystallization of Steel Surface by Slide-Burnishing." Key Engineering Materials 841 (May 2020): 48–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.841.48.

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Slide-burnishing is one of the most powerful processes for microstructural evolution. Here slide-burnishing was performed by a cemented carbide ball loaded and fed on the flat surface of a rotating disk specimen of carbon steel using a lathe machine. This process provides many advantages: burnishing reduces the surface roughness, increases the surface hardness due to grain refinement, improves the wear resistance, and requires no special equipment. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) observation revealed that nano-crystalline structures in the 10–300 nm grain size range were formed at the b

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Pliuta, V. L., and A. M. Nesterenko. "Features of structure formation in economy alloyed chromo-manganese iron-carbon alloys for metallurgical equipment parts." Metaloznavstvo ta obrobka metalìv 29, no. 2 (2023): 15–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/mom2023.02.015.

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It was established that in cast chromium-manganese alloys of the transition class Fe–C–Mn–Cr system (carbon content no more than 2.2%) with a certain combination of Mn and Cr, the formation of crystals of highly hard carbide Me7C3 is possible. The relationship between the phase-concentration parameters and the structure formation of alloys of the Fe–C–Mn–Cr system was studied, the analysis of the relationship between the phase-concentration parameters, structure formation and properties was carried out on the compositions of the Fe–C–Mn and Fe–C– Mn–Cr with 1.5-2.1% C, with a variable content

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Durnikin, D. A., E. S. Yacenko, I. Yu Evdokimov, et al. "Preconditioning of a virginiamycin solution for crystallization." Ukrainian Journal of Ecology 7, no. 4 (2017): 187–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/2017_104.

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Crystallization of antibiotics and other biologically active substances from water solutions represents an important stage of their biotechnological production. The process is based on a sharp reduction of a target compound solubility caused by either temperature decrease, or supersaturation of a solution. A preconditioning of a solution, i.e., its evaporation with a simultaneous temperature decrease seems to be an optimal technical solution, especially advantageous for the treatment of thermolabile substances. This paper describes the technology and equipment for the pre-crystallization treat

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