Academic literature on the topic 'CSR 2.0'
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Journal articles on the topic "CSR 2.0"
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Kriangkum, Jitra, Brian J. Taylor, Erin Strachan, Tony Reiman, Andrew R. Belch, Michael J. Mant, and Linda M. Pilarski. "Clonotypic IgG B Cells in Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia Cells Are Derived from Multiple Post-Transformed B Cells That Have Undergone Isotype Switch Recombination." Blood 106, no. 11 (November 16, 2005): 1002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v106.11.1002.1002.
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Abstract Clonotypic B cells of Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia (WM) are characterized as CD20+138− sIgM+sIgD+ cells that are not restricted to CD27 memory marker expression. Clonotypic VDJ sequences show VH3/JH4 gene bias, exhibit intraclonal homogeneity and do not undergo class switch recombination (CSR). To better understand the failure of CSR in WM, switch (S) region analysis, activation induced cytidine deaminase (AID) expression and CD40L/IL-4 activated clonal CSR were studied in comparison to IgM monogammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS). Large internal deletions of Sμ that could hinder CSR were determined by analysis of CDR2/Sμ fragments amplified from genomic DNA of clonotypic WM or MGUS B cells. Deletions were found in only 1/12 WM and 0/4 IgM MGUS, suggesting that large deletions of Sμ are not common in WM or IgM MGUS. Sequence analysis of Sμ upstream regions revealed striking differences between WM and IgM MGUS. By comparing the 1.6 kb sequences upstream of Sμ tandem repeats, we found that WM clones exhibit less mutation (0–2 bp/1.6 kb or 0.57x10− 3 bp, n=11) than IgM MGUS (0–7 bp/1.6 kb or 2.5x10− 3 bp, n=4, p=0.001). The MGUS clones containing frequently mutated switch region also exhibited intraclonal diversity of IgM VDJ. These differences exclude most IgM MGUS from a precursor relationship with WM and may help to identify those less frequent IgM MGUS that are at risk of progression to WM. Only 2/17 WM and 0/5 IgM MGUS constitutively expressed AID but it can be induced by CD40L/IL-4 activation as shown in 4/4 WM and 3/3 IgM MGUS. Single cell analysis showed that both clonotypic and non-clonotypic B cells accounted for AID induction. Splice variants are colocalized with full-length transcripts in some individual cells from WM, IgM MGUS and normal donors. Thus, AID splice variants are generally present in activated B cells. Using enhanced PCR amplification protocols, clonotypic CDR2/Cγ transcripts were detectable post-stimulation in 2/4 WM and 2/3 IgM MGUS, suggesting that WM and IgM MGUS B cells are capable of CSR. For 2 WM activated in vitro, we detected clonal IgG transcripts, having variable-sized CDR2/Sγ 1 fragments and diversity of clonotypic Sμ/Sγ junctions. This indicates that clonotypic CSR occurred multiple times within the WM tumor population. Although this implies that persistent CSR occurs and although clonotypic IgM B cells were frequent (16%) in cultures, clonotypic IgG producing WM B cells were very rare, with a frequency of only 0.01%. Clonotypic IgG exhibited intraclonal homogeneity of the clonotypic VDJ, with a sequence identical to that of the clonotypic IgM VDJ, suggesting that clonotypic CSR is a post-transformation event. Clonotypic IgG may arise through CSR occurring in vitro, through clonal expansion of pre-existing post-switch WM B cells or both. Overall, our studies show that initial B cell activation as determined by AID induction is normal and that intact CSR machinery is functional in WM, although clonotypic CSR occurs at very low frequency. For the majority of WM B cells, CSR does not occur even when stimulated in vitro, suggesting that the WM cell is constitutively unable to undergo CSR or being prevented from CSR. Further, since mutations in upstream Sμ are found in most IgM MGUS, making them ineligible as WM progenitors, switch sequence analysis may help to identify those IgM MGUS at risk of progression.
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Schwartz, A. R., K. Sundar, S. McKane, R. Germany, and R. Khayat. "0703 Transvenous Phrenic Nerve Stimulation Provides Safe And Effective Therapy For Cheyne Stokes Respiration." Sleep 43, Supplement_1 (April 2020): A268. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sleep/zsaa056.699.
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Abstract Introduction Cheyne-Stokes respiration (CSR), a specific type of central sleep apnea (CSA) is characterized by a waxing and waning pattern of breathing with absent air flow at the ventilatory nadir followed by oxyhemoglobin desaturation. CSR is most common in patients with heart failure (HF) and predicts morbidity/mortality. Therapeutic options remain limited, especially for patients with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). Methods Patients (n=151) with predominantly CSA were implanted with a transvenous phrenic nerve stimulation device (TPNS, remedē system, Respicardia Inc.) and randomized to 6-months of active vs. deferred (control) therapy. Patients were divided into subgroups based on percentage of sleep in CSR (<20%, 20-50%, >50%) on their baseline polysomnogram. Response to TPNS, defined by ≥50% reduction in apnea-hypopnea index, and Epworth Sleepiness Scale were assessed. TPNS efficacy and safety was analyzed in each subgroup. Results As percentage of CSR during sleep increased, more patients had a history of HF and lower LVEF. The proportion of TPNS responders was similar among CSR subgroups at 6 months (63% [17/27] CSR<20%, 52% [11/21] CSR 20-50%, 54% [7/13] CSR>50%); the corresponding control response rates were ≤16% in each subgroup. Central apnea index decreased from median 33, 17 and 30 events/hour in these subgroups to ≤2 in TPNS-treated subgroups; control subgroups had median ≥17 events/hour at 6 months. Daytime sleepiness improved more in TPNS patients with <20% CSR (4/24 points vs. 2 in >20% CSR subgroups). In the CSR>50% subgroup, cardiovascular death (pump failure) was observed in 2/25 control and 0/14 treatment subjects through 6 months. One cardiovascular death (sudden death) occurred in the TPNS 20-50% CSR subgroup. Conclusion TPNS effectively treats CSA regardless of CSR. Risk of cardiovascular death did not differ by CSR severity with TPNS, but may increase in CSR without treatment. TPNS therapy appears safe and efficacious for CSA with and without CSR. Support Respicardia and NIH R01 HL 144859
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Qian, Biao, Wenjie Yu, Beifeng Lv, Haibo Kang, Longxin Shu, Na Li, and Wei Wang. "Mechanical Properties and Micro Mechanism of Nano-Clay-Modified Soil Cement Reinforced by Recycled Sand." Sustainability 13, no. 14 (July 12, 2021): 7758. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13147758.
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To observe the effect of recycled sand and nano-clay on the improvement of the early strength of soil-cement (7d), 0%, 10%, 15% and 20% recycled sand were added. While maintaining a fixed moisture content of 30%, the ratios of each material are specified in terms of soil mass percentage. The shear strength of CSR (recycled sand blended soil-cement) was investigated by direct shear test and four groups of specimens (CSR-1, CSR-2, CSR-3 and CSR-4) were obtained. In addition, 8% nano-clay was added to four CSR groups to obtain the four groups of CSRN-1, CSRN-2, CSRN-3 and CSRN-4 (soil-cement mixed with recycled sand and nano-clay), which were also subjected to direct shear tests. A detailed analysis of the modification mechanism of soil-cement by recycled sand and nano-clay was carried out in combination with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and IPP (ImagePro-Plus) software. The test results showed that: (1) CSR-3 has the highest shear strength due to the “concrete-like” effect of the incorporation of recycled sand. With the addition of 8% nano-clay, the overall shear strength of the cement was improved, with CSRN-2 having the best shear strength, thanks to the filling effect of the nano-clay and its high volcanic ash content. (2) When recycled sand and nano-clay were added to soil-cement, the improvement in shear strength was manifested in a more reasonable macroscopic internal structure distribution of soil-cement. (3) SEM test results showed that the shear strength was negatively correlated with the void ratio of its microstructure. The smaller the void ratio, the greater the shear strength. This shows that the use of reclaimed sand can improve the sustainable development of the environment, and at the same time, the new material of nano-clay has potential application value.
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Maťová, Hana, Miroslava Triznová, Vladislav Kaputa, Mikuláš Šupín, Eva Drličková, and Martina Krahulcová. "Consumers – global citizens from the CSR 2.0 perspective." SHS Web of Conferences 74 (2020): 04015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/20207404015.
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The article focuses on CSR 2.0 concept (Corporate Sustainability and Responsibility) in context with concept of a circular economy and responsible consumer. The main goal of CSR 2.0 is an improvement of the quality of life for all people in the world. This concept perceives consumers as global citizens. The basic principles of CSR 2.0 are Creativity (C), Scalability (S), Responsiveness (R), Glocality (2) and Circularity (0). The companies which implement CSR 2.0 can bring innovative solutions to most pressing social, environmental and ethical problems and challenges in the world. Responsible and conscious consumers can engage in the process of implementing CSR 2.0 by their willingness to collaborate and participate in the marketplace and corporate world. The aim of this paper is to look at the consumer from the “Glocality and Circularity perspective” according to the basic principles of CSR 2.0 in the condition of the Slovak Republic. To fulfil this aim, we conducted a survey of 1061 Slovak inhabitants. The results show the profile of our respondents according to their local actions (environmental actions, buying ethical products etc.) and their profile/activities regarding their participation on circularity (e.g. recycling, re-using, sharing etc.).
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Kukiełka, Jerzy, Wojciech Bańkowski, and Krzysztof Mirski. "Asphalt-Cement Concretes with Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement and Rubber Powder from Recycled Tire." Materials 14, no. 9 (May 6, 2021): 2412. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14092412.
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The goal of the work was to describe properties of asphalt-cement concrete (ACC) with reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP), Portland cement, sand, and rubber powder (RP), as a material to base courses of road pavements. The mixtures were designed with the RAP in the amount of 75, 80, and 85% (m/m) and chosen cement-sand-rubber (CSR) mortar. Three CSR mortars were composed with cement CEM 42.5 R in the amount 29% (m/m); washed sand 0/2 mm in the amount 29, 35, or 41%; rubber powder of granulation 0/1 mm in the amount of 18, 24, or 29% (m/m); and water in the amount 12% fulfilled w/c = 0.4. The optimum moisture content of the selected ACC with CSR mortar determined in the modified Proctor compaction test was approximately 6% and maximum dry density 2.000 g/cm3. Laboratory tests of indirect tensile strength, stiffness modulus (IT-CY and 4PB-PR), water resistance, fatigue life, and complex modulus (E*) at different temperatures were conducted and analyzed. The test results are presented, among others, in the form: the isotherm of complex modulus, Black curve, the master curve, and the Cole-Cole plot.
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Taghinazhad, Jabraeil, Reza Abdi, and Mehrdad Adl. "Kinetic and Enhancement of Biogas Production For The Purpose of Renewable Fuel Generation by Co-digestion of Cow Manure and Corn Straw in A Pilot Scale CSTR System." International Journal of Renewable Energy Development 6, no. 1 (March 22, 2017): 37–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/ijred.6.1.37-44.
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Biogas production from anaerobic co-digestion of cow manure (CM) and corn straw residue (CSR) were experimentally investigated using a completely stirred tank reactor (CSTR) under semi- continuously feeding circumstance at mesophilic (35°C±2) temperature. The pilot-scale digester with 180 L in volume was employed under experimental protocol to examine the effect of the change in organic loading rate on efficiency of biogas production and to report on its steady-state performance. An average organic loading rates of 2 and 3 kg VS. (m-3.d-1) and a hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 25 days was examined with respect to two different CM to CSR mixing ratios of 100:0 , 75:25 and 50:50, respectively. The results showed both organic loading rates at co-digestion of CM+ CSR gave better methane yields than single digestion of cow manure. The biogas production efficiency was obtained 0.242, 0.204, 0.311 0.296, 259.5 and 235 m3.(kg VS input)-1 for 2 and 3 kg VS.(m-3.d-1) at CM to CSR mixing ratios of100:0 , 75:25 and 50:50, respectively. The reactor showed stable performance with VS reduction between 55-74% during different runs. With increment of loading rate, the VS degradation and biogas yield decreased. Modified Gompertz and logistic plot equation was employed to model the methane production at different organic loading rates and substrate concentrations. The equations gave a good approximation of the maximum methane production (rm) and the methane yield potential (P) with correlation coefficient (R2) over 0.99.Article History: Received Oct 25th 2016; Received in revised form Dec 19th 2016; Accepted 2nd January 2017; Available onlineHow to Cite This Article: Taghinazhad. J., Abdi, R. and Adl, M. (2017). Kinetic and Enhancement of Biogas Production for the purpose of renewable fuel generation by Co-digestion of Cow Manure and Corn Straw in a Pilot Scale CSTR System. Int Journal of Renewable Energy Development, 6(1),37-44http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/ ijred.6.1.37-44
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Bonnet, Robert, and Matatyahu Rubin. "On essentially low, canonically well-generated Boolean algebras." Journal of Symbolic Logic 67, no. 1 (March 2002): 369–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.2178/jsl/1190150050.
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AbstractLet B be a superatomic Boolean algebra (BA). The rank of B (rk(B)). is defined to be the Cantor Bendixon rank of the Stone space of B. If a ∈ B − {0}, then the rank of a in B (rk(a)). is defined to be the rank of the Boolean algebra . The rank of 0B is defined to be −1. An element a ∈ B − {0} is a generalized atom , if the last nonzero cardinal in the cardinal sequence of B ↾ a is 1. Let a, b ∈ . We denote a ˜ b, if rk(a) = rk(b) = rk(a · b). A subset H ⊆ is a complete set of representatives (CSR) for B, if for every a there is a unique h ∈ H such that h ~ a. Any CSR for B generates B. We say that B is canonically well-generated (CWG), if it has a CSR H such that the sublattice of B generated by H is well-founded. We say that B is well-generated, if it has a well-founded sublattice L such that L generates B.Theorem 1. Let B be a Boolean algebra with cardinal sequence . If B is CWG, then every subalgebra of B is CWG.A superatomic Boolean algebra B is essentially low (ESL), if it has a countable ideal I such that rk(B/I) ≤ 1.Theorem 1 follows from Theorem 2.9. which is the main result of this work. For an ESL BA B we define a set FB of partial functions from a certain countably infinite set to ω (Definition 2.8). Theorem 2.9 says that if B is an ESL Boolean algebra, then the following are equivalent.(1) Every subalgebra of B is CWG: and(2) FB is bounded.Theorem 2. If an ESL Boolean algebra is not CWG, then it has a subalgebra which is not well-generated.
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Yin, Caixia, Jiao Lin, Lulu Ma, Ze Zhang, Tongyu Hou, Lifu Zhang, and Xin Lv. "Study on the Quantitative Relationship Among Canopy Hyperspectral Reflectance, Vegetation Index and Cotton Leaf Nitrogen Content." Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing 49, no. 8 (April 2, 2021): 1787–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12524-021-01355-0.
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AbstractStudy the response mechanism of Canopy spectral reflectance (CSR) to cotton nitrogen fertilizer, propose the sensitive band and center wavelength of cotton leaf nitrogen content (LNC), and compare the response characteristics of various vegetation indexes to LNC, propose a vegetation index that responds well to LNC and construct estimating model. This experiment sets five nitrogen fertilizer levels, namely N0 (control), N120 (120 kg/hm2), N240 (240 kg/hm2), N360 (360 kg/hm2), N480 (480 kg/hm2). Among them, referring to the conventional nitrogen fertilizer is applied by local farmers (N330, 330 kg/hm2). The results showed the following: (1) Visible light and near-infrared (NIR) can be used as two large ranges for precise monitoring of nitrogen, especially the CSR in the NIR range differs significantly under different nitrogen fertilizers. In the early stage of cotton growth, the CSR decreased with the nitrogen application rate increase, in a suitable nitrogen environment (360 kg/hm2), and beyond N360, vice versa. In the later growth period, the CSR increases with the increase in nitrogen fertilizer. This trend is most evident in the short-wave NIR regions;(2) the range of 690–709 nm, 717–753 nm, and 940–958, which can be remote sensed by the spectral reflectance when cotton is affected in poor or rich nitrogen. The center wavelength corresponding to the nitrogen-sensitive band, respectively, are 697 nm, 735 nm, 953 nm, the band width can maintain 5–15 nm, generally not more than 20 nm;(3) compared with the ratio vegetation index, difference vegetation index, and normalized vegetation index, the combined vegetation index of more than two bands has a better effect on cotton LNC monitoring, of which the index (R560−R670)/(R560 + R670−R450), (R700−1.7 × R670 + 0.7 × R450)/(R700 + 2.3 × R670−1.3 × R450) are significantly related to LNC in this papers, and the correlation coefficients can reach, respectively, 0.935* and 0.936*. These findings help to estimate the model of LNC. The model is as follows: Y = 19.883 × x + 42.285, where x refers to the combined vegetation index (R700−1.7 × R670 + 0.7 × R450)/(R700 + 2.3 × R670−1.3 × R450), Y is LNC, but the model accuracy will be affected in the crop different phenological stage, and the model has the highest monitoring accuracy during the bud period.
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Yan, Xiao-Jie, Pablo Morande, Ezra B. Kolitz, Crystal D. Grant, Gautam Nayyar, Pablo Oppezzo, and Nicholas Chiorazzi. "Overexpression of Activation-Induced Deaminase in TCL1 Mice Leads to the Development of IGHV -Mutated and -Unmutated CLL Clones That Resemble Unique Subsets of Human CLL." Blood 126, no. 23 (December 3, 2015): 1710. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v126.23.1710.1710.
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Abstract Introduction. Somatic hypermutation (SHM) and class-switch recombination (CSR) are critical physiologic events in an effective normal B-cell immune response. Notably, both SHM and CSR are initiated by activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID). In CLL, IGHV clonal mutations correlate strongly with better clinical outcomes. Eμ-T-cell leukemia-1 (TCL1) transgenic (Tg) mice are a valuable model of CLL. However because SHM and CSR occur rarely in the leukemic clones from these animals, TCL1 Tg mice mimic only IGHV -unmutated CLL and hence may not provide an understanding of the roles of SHM and CSR in disease evolution. To address these issues, we developed two new TCL1 strains by interbreeding mice over-expressing AID in all cells (Em-TCL1xActin-AID) or only in B lymphocytes (Em-TCL1xVκ-AID). Methods. B-cell clonal expansions were identified in spleen cells from 22 TCL1 and 33 TCL1xAID Tg (10 Em-TCL1xActin-AID plus 23 Em-TCL1xVκ-AID) mice at 10-20 months of age. This was done by amplifying cDNAs by PCR using consensus IGHV FR and IgM-, IgG-, and IgA-specific primers for IgH chains and Vκ FR and Cκ for IgL chain genes. DNA sequences of these amplicons were compared to murine germline IGHV s and IGKV s, and IGHV-D-JH and IGKV-JK rearrangements by IMGT V-Quest. Because there were no major differences in the parameters listed below for the two TCL1xAID Tg mouse strains, data were combined. Results. Clonal expansions: Monoclonal/oligoclonal expansions were detected in all TCL1 mice; these used only µ H and κ L chains. Similar expansions were detected in 31 of 33 TCL1xAID mice; each animal bore an IgMκ+ clone and 7 also exhibited an IgGκ+ clone. IGHV gene use in IgMκ+ clones: IGHV use did not differ significantly between IgMκ+ TCL1 and IgMκ+ TCL1xAID clones. Approximately 50% used VH1-55, VH11-2, or VH12-3, some of which encoded stereotyped anti-phosphatidylcholine antibodies. SHM: Among the IgM+ TCL1 clones, there was a mutation frequency of 0.05% for IGHV and 0.09% IGKV. In contrast, the IGHV and IGKV mutation frequencies were considerably higher in TCL1xAID mice. Specifically, for IGHV, the TCL1xAID animals displayed a frequency of 0.47% in IgM+ and 3.0% in IgG+ clones; for IGKV, the frequency was 0.9% for IgM+ and IgG+ combined. Consistent with these mutations being mediated by AID, mutations localized more frequently in AID hotspots than coldspots at a ratio of ≥7:1. However, SHM did not affect all clones equally. Although the mutation frequency in VH12-3 and VH11-2 clones was higher (0.38%, range: 0-1.9%) than the TCL1 level (0.05%), it was considerably less than that found in the TCL1xAID clones using other IGHV s (0.80%, range: 0-3.8%). In addition, no mutations were detected in VH1-55 clones. Consistent with a reduced AID mutational activity in clones expressing these specific genes, none of the genes were found in the isotype-switched, IgG-expressing clones. IGHV gene use and SHM in clones that underwent CSR: Notably, in only 2 of 9 instances was the same IGHV-D-J rearrangement found in IgMκ+ and IgGκ+ clones from the same mice; these IgM+ and IgG+ shared clones used VH5 genes. For the remaining 7, only the IgG+ version was detected; all but one of these used a VH1 gene. Also, within the IgG-only group, IGHV1-47 was used by 2 different clones and these were highly mutated (8.9%). Stereotyped IGHV-D-J and IGκ V-Jκ rearrangements: Among 43 IgM clones from TCL1xAID mice, we found 8 clones expressing VH11-2 and Vκ14-126 and 10 clones expressing VH12-3 and Vκ4-91; these IGHV-D-J and IGκV-Jκ rearrangements were very similar to canonical anti-phosphatidylcholine-producing clones. Summary and conclusions.Over-expression of AID in TCL1 mice leads to markedly increased SHM and CSR. However, SHM is not equivalent for all IGHV genes since despite AID over-expression certain IGHVs and IGKVs appeared less sensitive to major increases in the extent of SHM and the occurrence of CSR. This property resembles some human CLL IGHV s that rarely develop SHMs or undergo CSR despite the B-cell's ability to synthesize AID (e.g., many IGHV1-69+ clones). AID overexpression also led to IgG+ clones for which an IgM precursor was not found. This resembles those human stereotyped CLL clones that are only found as IgGs (e.g., stereotyped subsets 4 and 8). Finally, the two new TCL1xAID mouse strains described provide new models to study IGHV -mutated and IGHV -unmutated CLL and represent novel tools to evaluate the role of AID in leukemic progression. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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Zhang, Jun Ke, Qing Ju Hao, Chang Sheng Jiang, and Yan Wu. "Effect of Tillage Systems on Soil Organic Carbon and Soil Quality in a Purple Paddy Soil." Advanced Materials Research 183-185 (January 2011): 1190–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.183-185.1190.
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The impact of conservation tillage practices on carbon sequestration has been of great interest in recent years. This experiment analyzed the organic carbon status of soils sampled at depth increments from 0 to 60 cm after 20 years in a purple paddy soil. The tillage experiment was established in the Key Field Station for Monitoring of Eco-Environment of Purple Soil of the Ministry of Agriculture of China, located in the farm of Southwest University (30°26′N, 106°26′E), Chongqing. In this paper, five tillage treatments including conventional tillage with rice only system (DP), conventional tillage with rotation of rice and rape system (SL), no-till and ridge culture with rotation of rice and rape system (LM), no-till and plain culture with rotation of rice and rape system (XM) and tillage and ridge culture with rotation of rice and rape system (LF) were selected as research objectives to measure SOC storage and stratification ratio of SOC (CSR). The SOC storage under different tillage systems was calculated based on an equivalent soil mass. The CSR can be used as an indicator of soil quality because surface organic matter is essential to erosion control, water infiltration, and the conservation of nutrients. Results showed that in soil under no-till SOC was concentrated near the surface, while in tilled soil SOC decreased equably with the increase of soil depth. The difference of SOC contents between the five tillage systems was the largest in the top soil and the lowest in the bottom soil. The order of SOC storage was LM (158.52 Mg C•ha-1) >DP (106.74 Mg C•ha-1) >XM (100.11 Mg C•ha-1) >LF (93.11 Mg C•ha-1) >SL (88.59 Mg C•ha-1), LM treatment was significantly higher than the other treatments. The CSR of 0-10/50-60 cm was 2.65, 2.70 and 2.14 under LM, XM and LF treatments, while 1.54 and 1.92 under DP and SL treatments. We considered CSR>2 indicate an improvement in soil quality produced by changing from tillage to no-tillage, as well as changing from plane to ridge. Overall, long-term LM treatment is a valid strategy for increasing SOC storage and improving soil quality in a purple paddy soil in Southwest China.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "CSR 2.0"
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Miller, Brian Stanford. "Car tags and Cubans : Bill Clinton, Frank White and Arkansas' return to conservatism /." Full text available from ProQuest UM Digital Dissertations, 2006. http://0-proquest.umi.com.umiss.lib.olemiss.edu/pqdweb?index=0&did=1331395211&SrchMode=1&sid=5&Fmt=2&VInst=PROD&VType=PQD&RQT=309&VName=PQD&TS=1218742236&clientId=22256.
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Harrison, Suzanne. "Les centres scolaires communautaires (CSC) des Maritimes relation entre des espaces institutionnels et le vécu langagier d'ayants droit francophones /." 2007. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?index=0&did=1331398261&SrchMode=1&sid=1&Fmt=2&VInst=PROD&VType=PQD&RQT=309&VName=PQD&TS=1263847426&clientId=12301.
Full textBooks on the topic "CSR 2.0"
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Visser, Wayne, and Jeffrey Hollender. Age of Responsibility: CSR 2. 0 and the New DNA of Business. Wiley & Sons, Incorporated, John, 2011.
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Visser, Wayne, and Jeffrey Hollender. Age of Responsibility: CSR 2. 0 and the New DNA of Business. Wiley & Sons, Incorporated, John, 2011.
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Visser, Wayne, and Jeffrey Hollender. Age of Responsibility: CSR 2. 0 and the New DNA of Business. Wiley & Sons, Incorporated, John, 2011.
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Optimization Models for Rail Car Fleet Management. Elsevier, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/c2017-0-03011-2.
Full textBook chapters on the topic "CSR 2.0"
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Yang, Bing, and Yong Xiang Zhao. "Fatigue Reliability Research on RD2 Axle of Railway Freight Car." In Key Engineering Materials, 62–65. Stafa: Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/0-87849-456-1.62.
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"Corporate strategy, corporate leadership, corporate identity and CSR." In Corporate Reputations, Branding and People Management, 295–336. Elsevier, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-7506-6950-4.50013-2.
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Laughlin, Ruple S. "Cerebrospinal Fluid." In Mayo Clinic Neurology Board Review, edited by Kelly D. Flemming, 274–76. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780197512166.003.0034.
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The total volume of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) within the ventricles and subarachnoid space is about 150 mL. The absorption of CSF is directly linked to intracranial pressure. In steady states, the rate of CSF absorption equals CSF formation, and the normal resting pressure of CSF is typically between 150 and 180 mm H2O (reference range, 65-200 mm H2O [5-15 mm Hg]). The most common cause of error in measurement of CSF pressure is failure to position the patient properly (the correct position is lateral decubitus; the right atrial pressure serves as the reference [0 mm H2O]).
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Sharma, Aasha Jayant. "Enhancing Sustainability through Experiential Learning in Management Education." In Management Education for Global Leadership, 256–74. IGI Global, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-1013-0.ch013.
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Sustainability related areas like CSR, business ethics and corporate governance as subjects is seen in most business school curriculum, whether its inclusion leads to inculcating interest and values for responsible business practices is still a big question. Sustainability incorporates holistic view of issues; the curriculum therefore, has to make linkages to social issues and has to be contextual. The focus of business school curriculum has to be on sensitizing students towards responsible citizenship along with competency building in the area of sustainability. Here, experiential' or action learning would be helpful. The chapter posits the importance of experiential learning in the context of management education and highlights the fact that unless sensitized to the sustainability issues, business schools or at corporate level will see it only from compliance perspective. The chapter also discusses success story of existing modules on experiential learning crafted by 2 NGO's intended to sensitize the participants.
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PEDRO MEDEIROS GODOI, THALLYSON, LUIZA SILVA DE OLIVEIRA, NATASHA MAURMANN, MARINA TREVELIN SOUZA, and PATRICIA PRANKE. "AVALIAÇÃO DO EFEITO DE DIFERENTES BIOMATERIAIS NA VIABILIDADE DE CÉLULAS-TRONCO." In Proceedings of the 2nd International Digital Congress on 3D Biofabrication and Bioprinting (3DBB) - Biofabrication, Bioprinting, Additive Manufacturing applied to health. Editora Realize, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.46943/ii.3dbb.2022.01.004.
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BIOMATERIAIS S?O PRODUTOS DE ORIGEM NATURAL OU SINT?TICA, COMO LIGAS MET?LICAS, CER?MICAS, POL?MEROS E COMP?SITOS, QUE PODEM SER UTILIZADOS PARA FINS BIOM?DICOS. BIOCER?MICAS S?O BIOMATERIAIS SINT?TICOS QUE INCLUEM BIOVIDROS (45S5), VITRO-CER?MICAS (BIOSILICATO), HIDROXIAPATITA (HAP), ENTRE OUTROS. NESSE ESTUDO, FORAM UTILIZADAS C?LULAS-TRONCO DE DENTES DEC?DUOS HUMANOS. AS C?LULAS FORAM SEMEADAS NA DENSIDADE DE 10.000/PO?O EM UMA PLACA DE CULTIVO (PC) COM 96 PO?OS E TRATADAS COM 3 BIOMATERIAIS DE DIFERENTES ?NDICES DE BIOATIVIDADE (HAP, VITRO-CER?MICA BIOSILICATO E 45S5) NAS CONCENTRA??ES 0 (CONTROLE, PC), 0,25, 0,5, 1 E 2 MG/ML. AP?S 2 DIAS, A VIABILIDADE CELULAR FOI AVALIADA PELO ENSAIO COM BROMETO DE 3-(4,5-DIMETILTIAZOL-2-IL)-2,5-DIFENILTETRAZOLIO (MTT). OS VALORES DE M?DIA E DESVIO PADR?O (DP) FORAM DE 0,26?0,03 PARA CONTROLE NA PC; 0,22?0,05 PARA 0,25 MG/ML DE HAP; 0,23?0,05 PARA 0,5 MG/ML DE HAP; 0,21?0,04 PARA 1 MG/ML DE HAP E 0,27?0,03 PARA 2 MG/ML DE HAP. NO CASO DO BIOSILICATO, A M?DIA E DP FORAM DE 0,24?0,02; 0,24?0,02; 0,23?0,02 E 0,22?0,01, RESPECTIVAMENTE, PARA 0,25 MG/ML, 0,5 MG/ML, 1 MG/ML E 2 MG/ML. PARA O BIOVIDRO 45S5 ESSES VALORES FORAM 0,23?0,01 PARA 0,25 MG/ML; 0,19?0,05 (P menor que 0,01 EM COMPARA??O COM PC) PARA 0,5 MG/ML; 0,20?0,04 PARA 1 MG/ML, E 0,18?0,02 (P menor que 0,01 EM COMPARA??O COM PC) PARA 2 MG/ML. AS PROPRIEDADES ESTRUTURAIS E A COMPOSI??O DAS CER?MICAS AFETAM A CONCENTRA??O DE ?ONS NO MEIO DE CULTURA E, CONSEQUENTEMENTE, PODEM INFLUENCIAR A VIABILIDADE CELULAR. NESSE ESTUDO, SOMENTE O BIOVIDRO 45S5, NAS CONCENTRA??ES DE 0,5 E 2 MG/ML, DIMINUIU A VIABILIDADE DAS C?LULAS-TRONCO.
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Bigatello, Luca M., and Kay B. Leissner. "Cor Pulmonale." In Critical Care Secrets, 157–65. Elsevier, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-323-08500-7.00024-2.
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"Bonus Chapter 2." In How to Cheat in Adobe Flash CS4, e12-e31. Elsevier, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-240-52131-2.00014-x.
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Rubin, Mira. "Getting Fancy with Animation." In Interactive InDesign CS5, 147–88. Elsevier, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-240-81511-4.50009-2.
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Rubin, Mira. "Page Transitions." In Interactive InDesign CS5, 205–11. Elsevier, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-240-81511-4.50012-2.
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"Index." In Interactive InDesign CS5, 371–80. Elsevier, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-240-81511-4.50026-2.
Full textConference papers on the topic "CSR 2.0"
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Nam, Ji-Myung, Joonmo Choung, Se-Yung Park, and Sung-Won Yoon. "Assessment of Residual Ultimate Strength of VLCC According to Damage Extents and Average Compressive Strength of Stiffened Panel." In ASME 2014 33rd International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2014-23540.
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This paper presents the prediction of residual ultimate strength of a very large crude oil carrier considering damage extents due to collision and grounding accidents. In order to determine extents of damage, two types of probabilistic approaches are employed: deterministic approach based on regulations based on ABS [1], DNV [2], and MARPOL [3] and probabilistic approach based on IMO probability density functions (PDFs) (IMO guidelines [4]). Hull girder ultimate strength is calculated using Smith method which is dependent on how much average compressive strength of stiffened panel is accurate. For this reason, this paper uses two different methods to predict average compressive strength of stiffened panel composing hull girder section: CSR formulas and nonlinear FEA. Calculated average compressive strength curves using CSR formulas (IACS [5, 6]) and nonlinear FEA are imported by an in-house software UMADS. Residual ultimate moment capacities are presented for various heeling angles from 0° (sagging) to 180° (hogging) by 15° increments considering possible flooding scenarios. Three regulations and IMO guidelines yield minimum of reduction ratios of hull girder moment capacity (minimum of damage indices) approximately at heeling angles 90° (angle of horizontal moment) and 180° (angle of hogging moment), respectively, because damage area is located farthest from neutral axis.
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Ma, Chaoxuan, Malhar Jere, Xiaoxi Wang, and Shayan Mookherjea. "High CAR and low g(2)(0) of 1.55 µm entangled photon-pairs generated by a silicon microring resonator." In CLEO: QELS_Fundamental Science. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/cleo_qels.2018.fth1g.4.
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Funaki, Keiichi. "On an improved F0 estimation based on ℓ2-norm regularized TV-CAR speech analysis using pre-filter." In IECON 2021 - 47th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society. IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iecon48115.2021.9589152.
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Huda, A., S. A. Halim, K. P. Lim, K. K. Kabashi, S. Elias, A. A. Sidek, and Z. Hishamuddin. "Structural, Electrical Transport and Magnetoresistive Studies of Pr and Nd Substituted on La2/3Ba1/3MnO3 Perovskite." In ASME 7th Biennial Conference on Engineering Systems Design and Analysis. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/esda2004-58535.
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Colossal magnetoresistance (CMR), as the name implies, is the phenomenon of dramatic changes in resistance attendant upon application of a magnetic field. The typical CMR material is derived from perovskite manganites with the chemical formula Ln1−xAxMnO3, where Ln is the rare earth (Ln = La, Pr, Nd, Sm) and A is the divalent metal (A = Ca, Ba, Sr). The objective of this paper is to study the effects of the doping Nd and Pr at La site on La-Ba-Mn-O ceramics using solid state reaction. The characteristics and magnetotransport properties of CMR materials are investigated. Polycrystalline (La1−xPrx)0.67Ba0.33MnO3 (x = 0, 1/6, 1/3, 1/2, 2/3, 5/6, 1) and (La1−xPrx)0.67Ba0.33MnO3 (x = 0, 1/6, 1/3, 1/2, 2/3, 5/6, 1), are doped with Pr and Nd site based manganites, calcined at 900°C for 12 hours, pelletized and sintered at 1300°C for 24 hours have been synthesized and investigated. The magnetoresistance (MR) effects are measured using the four point probe technique. The magnetoresistance defined as MR% = (Ro−RH)/RH × 100 was measured at a magnetic field of H ≤ 1T at room temperature. The MR values were increased from 7.9–12.7% and from 7.9–12.3% for doping with Nd (x = 0.17) and Pr (x = 0.33) respectively. The electrical property, Tp was determined by using standard four-point probe resistivity measurement in a temperature range of 20 K to 300 K. The result shows that Pr and Nd dopants shift the value of TP to a lower temperature. In this paper the structural pattern and microstructure property of bulk samples have been investigated via XRD, AFM and SEM. XRD patterns show that these systems are in single-phase with orthorhombic distorted perovskite structures. The rms roughness for the AFM images has obtained for undoped and doped samples. SEM micrographs have shown that undoped samples are observed to be more compact than the doped samples doped due to the existence of pores. The potential of this research is to produce magnetoresistive read head such as read/write heads in computer disc-drives, position sensor, magnetoresistive random access memory (MRAM), biomagnetic sensor and magnetic accelerometers.
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Funaki, Keiichi. "On an improvement of F0 estimation based on ℓ2-norm regularized TV-CAR speech analysis using AR pre-filter." In 2021 International Symposium on Intelligent Signal Processing and Communication Systems (ISPACS). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ispacs51563.2021.9651030.
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Lira, Juliana, and Jéssica Dias. "ANALYSIS OF VERBAL DISCOURSE IN AN ILLITERATE ELDERLY SAMPLE." In XIII Meeting of Researchers on Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders. Zeppelini Editorial e Comunicação, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5327/1980-5764.rpda028.
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Background: Discourse is a natural form of communication, which can analyze language processing in a functional perspective. Aging can result in discursive changes, especially in a dementia context. About 18% of the elderly are illiterate in Brazil. Objectives: to analyze the performance of illiterate elderly individuals in a verbal discursive task. Methods: Cross-sectional study approved by ethics that evaluated illiterate elderly individuals in a public reference center in Federal District, Brazil. Individuals were stratified into groups with and without dementia. Participants were asked to describe the “cookie theft” picture. The total number of complete words spoken (NW) and information units (IU) were included in the analysis. Statistical analysis was performed using the Mann-Whitney test. Results: 9 individuals composed the dementia group (6 CDR1, 2 CDR2 and 1 CDR3) and 8 without dementia (3 CDR 0 and 5 CDR 0.5). There was no statistical difference regarding age and female was prevalent in both groups. Professions found in both groups were housewife and planter. There was no statistical difference regarding NW, total IU and for each IU. The group with dementia emitted 7 different IU while group without dementia spoke 14. Conclusions: Illiterate individuals without dementia performed similarly to illiterate individuals diagnosed with dementia in a verbal discourse task.
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Bastiaan, Jennifer M., and Amir Khajepour. "Finite Element Modeling of Tire With Validation Using Tensile and Frequency Response Testing." In ASME 2014 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2014-38286.
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A physical testing program is performed in support of finite element model creation for a 50-series passenger car tire. ABAQUS finite element analysis software is used along with its standard material models. Uniaxial tension testing of tire samples cut from the tread composite, tread rubber and sidewall composite is performed in order to obtain material properties. Hyper-elastic material coefficients for tread rubber are fit using uniaxial tension test data. Results show that the Arruda-Boyce hyper-elastic material model fits the test data well and it predicts reasonable overall behavior in uniaxial tension and uniaxial compression. Most other hyperelastic material models are found to predict unrealistic behavior in uniaxial compression for the tire samples, especially in the 0 to 20% compressive strain range. Frequency response testing of two inflated passenger car tires of different sizes, makes and models is also performed to assist in defining the viscoelastic material model for tread rubber. Test results show that tire modal damping is in the 2 to 4% range for most modes below 200 Hz, and the response curves, modal density and modal damping are remarkably similar for the two tires tested. The tire finite element model with updated material properties is simulated for nine combinations of air inflation pressure and vertical load in order to calculate static loaded radius. The analysis results are compared with physical test results and the analysis results are found to deviate at most by 3% compared to the tests.
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McKeighan, Peter C., David Y. Jeong, and Joseph W. Cardinal. "Mechanical Properties of Tank Car Steels Retired From the Fleet." In 2009 Joint Rail Conference. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/jrc2009-63060.
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As a consequence of recent accidents involving the release of hazardous materials (hazmat), the structural integrity and crashworthiness of railroad tank cars have come under scrutiny. Particular attention has been given to the older portion of the fleet that was built prior to steel normalization requirements instituted in 1989. This paper describes a laboratory testing program to examine the mechanical properties of steel samples obtained from tank cars that were retired from the fleet. The test program consisted of two parts: (1) material characterization comprised of chemical, tensile and Charpy V-notch (CVN) impact energy and (2) high-rate fracture toughness testing. In total, steel samples from 34 tank cars were received and tested. These 34 tank cars yielded 61 different pre-1989 TC128-B conditions (40 shell and 21 head samples), three tank cars yielded seven different post-1989 TC128-B conditions (four shell and three head samples), and six tank cars yielded other material (A212, A515, and A285 steel) conditions (six shell and five head samples). The vast majority of the TC128-B samples extracted from retired tank cars met current TC128-B material specifications. Elemental composition requirements were satisfied in 97 percent of the population whereas the required tensile properties were satisfied in 82 percent of the population. Interpretation of the high-rate fracture toughness tests required dividing the pre-1989 fleet into quartiles that depended on year of manufacture or age, and testing three tank cars per quartile. Considering the high-rate fracture toughness results at 0°F for the pre-1989 fleet, 100 percent of the oldest two quartiles, 58 percent of the second youngest quartile, and 83 percent of the youngest quartile exhibited adequate or better fracture toughness (defined as toughness greater than 50 ksi√in). High-rate fracture toughness at –50°F was adequate for 83 percent of two quartiles (the youngest and second oldest), but the other two quartiles exhibited lower toughness with only 33 (2nd youngest) to 50 percent (oldest) exhibiting adequate properties.
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Bedi, Gurjendra S. "Overview of NRC NUREG-1482, Revision 2, Guidelines for Inservice Testing at Nuclear Power Plants: Inservice Testing of Pumps and Valves, and Inservice Examination and Testing of Dynamic Restrains (Snubbers) at Nuclear Power Plants." In ASME/NRC 2014 12th Valves, Pumps, and Inservice Testing Symposium. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/nrc2014-5030.
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The U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) staff issued Revision 2 to NUREG-1482, “Guidelines for Inservice Testing at Nuclear Power Plant,” to assist the nuclear power plant licensees in establishing a basic understanding of the regulatory basis for pump and valve inservice testing (IST) programs and dynamic restraints (snubbers) inservice examination and testing programs. Since the Revision 1 issuance of NUREG-1482, certain tests and measurements required by earlier editions and addenda of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) Code for Operation and Maintenance of Nuclear Power Plants (OM Code) have been clarified, updated, revised or eliminated. The revision to NUREG-1482 incorporates and addresses those changes, and includes the IST programs guidelines related to new reactors. The revised guidance incorporates lessons learned and experience gained since the last issue. This paper provides an overview of the contents of the NUREG-1482 and those changes and discusses how they affect NRC guidance on implementing pump and valve inservice testing (IST) programs. For the first time, this revision added dynamic restraint (snubber) inservice examination and testing program guidelines along with pump and valve IST programs. This paper highlights important changes to NUREG-1482, but is not intended to provide a complete record of all changes to the document. The NRC intends to continue to develop and improve its guidance on IST methods through active participation in the ASME OM Code consensus process, interactions with various technical organizations, user groups, and through periodic updates of NRC-published guidance and issuance of generic communications as the need arises. Revision 2 to NUREG-1482 incorporates regulatory guidance applicable to the 2004 Edition including 2005 and 2006 Addenda to the ASME OM Code. Revision 0 and Revision 1 to NUREG-1482 are still valid and may continue to be used by those licensees who have not been required to update their IST program to the 2004 Edition including the 2005 and 2006 Addenda (or later Edition) of the ASME OM Code. The guidance provided in many sections herein may be used for requesting relief from or alternatives to ASME OM Code requirements. However, licensees may also request relief or authorization of an alternative that is not in conformance with the guidance. In evaluating such requested relief or alternatives, the NRC uses the guidelines/recommendations of the NUREG, where applicable. The guidelines and recommendations provided in this NUREG and its Appendix A do not supersede the regulatory requirements specified in Title 10 of the Code of Federal Regulations (10 CFR) 10 CFR 50.55a, “Codes and standards”. Further, this NUREG does not authorize the use of alternatives to, grant relief from, the ASME OM Code requirements for inservice testing of pumps and valves, or inservice examination and testing of dynamic restraints (snubbers), incorporated by reference in 10 CFR 50.55a. Paper published with permission.
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Cakiroglu, Celal, Samer Adeeb, J. J. Roger Cheng, and Millan Sen. "Design of the Full Scale Experiments for the Testing of the Tensile Strain Capacity of X52 Pipes With Girth Weld Flaws Under Internal Pressure and Tensile Displacement." In 2014 10th International Pipeline Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2014-33225.
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Pipelines can be subjected to significant amounts of tensile forces due to geotechnical movements like slope instabilities and seismic activities as well as due to frost heave and thaw cycles in arctic regions. The tensile strain capacity εtcrit of pipelines is crucial in the prediction of rupture and loss of containment capability in these load cases. Currently the Oil and Gas Pipeline Systems code CSA Z662-11 0 contains equations for the prediction of εtcrit as a function of geometry and material properties of the pipeline. These equations resulted from extensive experimental and numerical studies carried out by Wang et al [2]–[6] using curved wide plate tests on pipes having grades X65 and higher. Verstraete et al 0 conducted curved wide plate tests at the University of Ghent which also resulted in tensile strain capacity prediction methods and girth weld flaw acceptability criteria. These criteria are included in the European Pipeline Research Group (EPRG) Tier 2 guidelines. Furthermore Verstrate et al 0 introduced a pressure correction factor of 0.5 in order to include the effect of internal pressure in the tensile strain capacity predictions in a conservative way. Further research by Wang et al with full scale pipes having an internal pressure factor of 0.72 also showed that εtcrit decreases in the presence of internal pressure [10]–[15]. In their work, Wang et al presented a clear methodology for the design of full scale experiments and numerical simulations to study the effect of internal pressure on the tensile strain capacity of pipes with girth weld flaws [10]–[15]. However, there has been limited testing to enable a precise understanding of the tensile strain capacity of pipes with grades less than X65 as a function of girth weld flaw sizes and the internal pressure. In this paper the experimental setup for the testing of grade X52 full scale specimens with 12″ diameter and ¼″ wall thickness is demonstrated. In the scope of this research 8 full scale specimens will be tested and the results will be used to formulate the tensile strain capacity of X52 pipes under internal pressure. The specimens are designed for the simultaneous application of displacement controlled tensile loading and the internal pressure. Finite element analysis is applied in the optimization process for the sizes of end plates and connection elements. Also the lengths of the full scale specimens are determined based on the results from finite element analysis. The appropriate lengths are chosen in such a way that between the location of the girth weld flaw and the end plates uniform strain zones could be obtained. The internal pressure in these experiments is ranging between pressure values causing 80% SMYS and 30% SMYS hoop stress. The end plates and connection elements of the specimens are designed in such a way that the tensile displacement load is applied with an eccentricity of 10% of the pipe diameter with the purpose of increasing the magnitude of tensile strains at the girth weld flaw location. The results of two full scale experiments of this research program are presented. The structural response from the experiments is compared to the finite element simulation. The remote strain values of the experiment are found to be higher than the εtcrit values predicted by the equations in 0.