Relevant bibliographies by topics / CTC Loss Function

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Academic literature on the topic 'CTC Loss Function'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 5 June 2025
Last updated: 1 August 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "CTC Loss Function"

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Feng, Xinjie, Hongxun Yao, and Shengping Zhang. "Focal CTC Loss for Chinese Optical Character Recognition on Unbalanced Datasets." Complexity 2019 (January 2, 2019): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/9345861.

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In this paper, we propose a novel deep model for unbalanced distribution Character Recognition by employing focal loss based connectionist temporal classification (CTC) function. Previous works utilize Traditional CTC to compute prediction losses. However, some datasets may consist of extremely unbalanced samples, such as Chinese. In other words, both training and testing sets contain large amounts of low-frequent samples. The low-frequent samples have very limited influence on the model during training. To solve this issue, we modify the traditional CTC by fusing focal loss with it and thus m
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Scheidmann, Manuel C., Francesc Castro-Giner, Karin Strittmatter, et al. "An In Vivo CRISPR Screen Identifies Stepwise Genetic Dependencies of Metastatic Progression." Cancer Research 82, no. 4 (2021): 681–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/0008-5472.can-21-3908.

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Abstract Blood-borne metastasis of breast cancer involves a series of tightly regulated sequential steps, including the growth of a primary tumor lesion, intravasation of circulating tumor cells (CTC), and adaptation in various distant metastatic sites. The genes orchestrating each of these steps are poorly understood in physiologically relevant contexts, owing to the rarity of experimental models that faithfully recapitulate the biology, growth kinetics, and tropism of human breast cancer. Here, we conducted an in vivo loss-of-function CRISPR screen in newly derived CTC xenografts, unique in
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Nerelius, Charlotte, Emily Martin, Siwei Peng, et al. "Mutations linked to interstitial lung disease can abrogate anti-amyloid function of prosurfactant protein C." Biochemical Journal 416, no. 2 (2008): 201–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj20080981.

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The newly synthesized proSP-C (surfactant protein C precursor) is an integral ER (endoplasmic reticulum) membrane protein with a single metastable polyvaline α-helical transmembrane domain that comprises two-thirds of the mature peptide. More than 20 mutations in the ER-lumenal CTC (C-terminal domain of proSP-C), are associated with ILD (interstitial lung disease), and some of the mutations cause intracellular accumulation of cytotoxic protein aggregates and a corresponding decrease in mature SP-C. In the present study, we showed that: (i) human embryonic kidney cells expressing the ILD-associ
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Feng, Li, and Wei Yiyang. "A Study of Speech Recognition with Deep Learning." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MULTIDISCIPLINARY RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS 05, no. 05 (2022): 965–70. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6556186.

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The development of deep learning and the continuous progress of artificial intelligence have contributed to the rapid development of speech recognition. Among them, the end-to-end structure is the more important part of the whole speech recognition. This paper introduces two end-to-end speech recognition methods, the attention model and the CTC loss function, describes the practical application of deep learning in speech recognition and suggests improvements to the two models. Finally, the practical usefulness of speech recognition is demonstrated by analyzing the application of trigger word d
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Nagata, Masayoshi, Satoru Muto, and Shigeo Horie. "Molecular Biomarkers in Bladder Cancer: Novel Potential Indicators of Prognosis and Treatment Outcomes." Disease Markers 2016 (2016): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/8205836.

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Although many clinical and molecular markers for predicting outcomes in bladder cancer (BC) have been reported, their application in clinical practice remains unclear. Bladder carcinogenesis has two distinct molecular pathways that direct the development of BC.FGFR3mutations are common in low-grade BC, whileTP53mutation or loss ofRB1is associated with muscle-invasive BC. However, no tissue-based gene markers confirmed by prospective large-scale trials in BC have been used in clinical practice. Micro-RNA analyses of BC tissue revealed that miR-145 and miR-29c⁎function as tumor suppressors, wher
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Song, Jingni, Feng Chen, Qunqi Wu, Weiyu Liu, Feiyang Xue, and Kai Du. "Optimization of Passenger Transportation Corridor Mode Supply Structure in Regional Comprehensive Transport Considering Economic Equilibrium." Sustainability 11, no. 4 (2019): 1172. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11041172.

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Reasonable transportation network layoutsarecritical for optimizing a comprehensive transport system. With the gradual development of a transportation industry from quantitative expansion to structural optimization, and transformation of various transportation modes from independent operation to integrated development, traditional comprehensive transport planning theories and methods have not adapted. In thispaper, a new planning concept is proposed from the perspective of economic equilibrium with theaim ofoptimizing a supply structure for a comprehensive transport passenger transportation co
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Lee, Rusia, Viola Ellison, Gu Xiao, et al. "Abstract 2437: Identification of MDMX/MDM2 metastasis signaling pathways in breast cancer cells with mutant p53." Cancer Research 82, no. 12_Supplement (2022): 2437. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2022-2437.

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Abstract Human breast cancers often overexpress MDM family proteins MDM2 and MDMX(MDM4). MDM2 is an E3 ubiquitin ligase and MDMX is an E4 that promotes ubiquitination of MDM2 targets (however this is an understudied area). The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) shows high MDMX/MDM2 expression in all breast cancer subtypes. We identified that MDMX depletion reduces circulating tumor cells (CTCs) and metastasis of breast cancers with mtp53. Our ongoing objective is to determine the mechanisms of how MDMX promotes CTCs and metastasis, and the potential MDMX regulated ubiquitinated targets. In TNBC primar
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Et. al., Kavitha Ananth,. "Handwritten Text Recognition using Deep Learning and Word Beam Search." Turkish Journal of Computer and Mathematics Education (TURCOMAT) 12, no. 2 (2021): 2905–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.17762/turcomat.v12i2.2326.

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This paper offers a solution to traditional handwriting recognition techniques using concepts of Deep learning and Word Beam Search. This paper explains about how an individual handwritten word is classified from the handwritten text by translating into a digital form. The digital form when trained with the Connectionist Temporal Classification (CTC) loss function, the output produced is a RNN. This is a matrix containing character probabilities for each time-step. The final text is mapped using a CTC decoding algorithm by converting the character probabilities. The recognized text is construc
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Slovin, Susan F., Karen E. Knudsen, Susan Halabi, et al. "Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) N-terminal androgen receptor expression to identify patients (pts) with castrate resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) who are more sensitive to chemotherapy." Journal of Clinical Oncology 35, no. 15_suppl (2017): 5034. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2017.35.15_suppl.5034.

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5034 Background: Loss of the retinoblastoma tumor suppressor (RB) function was identified as a major means to develop CRPC; the expression of the androgen receptor (AR) is under stringent RB control; and tumors devoid of RB function are hypersensitive to treatment with chemotherapy. Exploratory analysis evaluated baseline N-terminal AR expression in CTCs in men with chemotherapy-naïve CPRC and correlated to changes in PSA, leading us to inquire if this biomarker may identify pts sensitive to chemotherapy. Methods: In a multicenter phase II randomized trial of approved doses of abiraterone acet
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Hafeez, Ameen. "SilentInterpreter: Analysis of Lip Movement and Extracting Speech Using Deep Learning." INTERANTIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH IN ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT 08, no. 04 (2024): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.55041/ijsrem30582.

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Lip reading presents a captivating avenue for advancing speech recognition algorithms, leveraging visual cues from lip movements to recognise spoken words. This paper introduces a novel method employing deep neural networks to convert lip motions into textual representations. The methodology integrates convolutional neural networks for visual feature extraction, recurrent neural networks to capture temporal context, and the Connectionist Temporal Classification loss function for aligning lip features with phonemes. Additionally, dynamic learning rate scheduling and a unique callback mechanism
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "CTC Loss Function"

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Bundell, Christine Stephanie. "Immune recognition and editing of tumours expressing multiple antigenic epitopes in two murine models." University of Western Australia. School of Medicine and Pharmacology, 2007. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2007.0067.

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[Truncated abstract] The design of effective immunotherapies, using tumour antigens to stimulate a functional effector cytotoxic T cell (CTL) response in a tumour bearing host, requires an understanding of the 'real time' in vivo relationship between the host immune system and antigens expressed by the developing tumour. However, effector function of endogenous anti-tumour CTLs generated during tumour progression has largely been assessed by indirect ex vivo assays and often focused on a single antigen. Therefore, studies in this thesis evaluated the endogenous in vivo CTL response to multiple
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Books on the topic "CTC Loss Function"

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Park, John G. Diagnosis and Common Disorders. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199755691.003.0616.

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Common symptoms of pulmonary disease include cough, sputum, hemoptysis, dyspnea, chest pain, cyanosis, and clubbing. A thorough history and physical examination, including palpation, auscultation, and percussion, are key to accurate diagnosis. The radiologic tests performed in the diagnosis of chest diseases include plain CXR, CT, magnetic resonance imaging, pulmonary angiography, and bronchial angiography. Simple microscopy with a "wet" slide preparation of sputum is helpful in assessing the degree of sputum eosinophilia and detecting the presence of Charcot-Leyden crystals. The major indicat
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Shaibani, Aziz. Pseudoneurologic Syndromes. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190661304.003.0022.

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The term functional has almost replaced psychogenic in the neuromuscular literature for two reasons. It implies a disturbance of function, not structural damage; therefore, it defies laboratory testing such as MRIS, electromyography (EMG), and nerve conduction study (NCS). It is convenient to draw a parallel to the patients between migraine and brain tumors, as both cause headache, but brain MRI is negative in the former without minimizing the suffering of the patient. It is a “software” and not a “hardware” problem. It avoids irritating the patient by misunderstanding the word psychogenic whi
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Traumatic Brain Injury: Education for Patients and the Public. Exon Publications, 2025. https://doi.org/10.36255/traumatic-brain-injury.

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Traumatic Brain Injury is a serious condition that occurs when a sudden impact, jolt, or penetrating injury disrupts normal brain function. This article provides a detailed guide on traumatic brain injury, including its causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, and long-term effects. It begins by explaining what traumatic brain injury is and how it affects brain function, ranging from mild concussions to severe brain damage. The article highlights how common the condition is, particularly among individuals involved in falls, motor vehicle accidents, contact sports, and military service. It also
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Keshav, Satish, and Alexandra Kent. Gastrointestinal tumours. Edited by Patrick Davey and David Sprigings. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199568741.003.0204.

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Gastrointestinal (GI) tumours can affect any part of the GI tract, and colorectal cancer is the most common. Throughout the GI tract, chronic inflammation seems to promote the development of neoplasia: for example, chronic reflux oesophagitis is linked to oesophageal adenocarcinoma; chronic Helicobacter pylori infection is linked to gastric cancer; chronic pancreatitis is linked to pancreatic cancer; cirrhosis is linked to hepatocellular cancer; chronic biliary inflammation is linked to cholangiocarcinoma; untreated coeliac disease is linked to intestinal lymphoma; and chronic inflammatory bow
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Head Injury: Education for Patients and the Public. Exon Publications, 2025. https://doi.org/10.36255/head-injury.

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Head injury is a serious condition that affects the brain and surrounding structures, often resulting from trauma such as falls, car accidents, or sports-related impacts. This article provides a detailed guide on head injuries, explaining their causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, and long-term effects. It begins with an introduction to what head injury is and how it can impact brain function, ranging from mild concussions to severe traumatic brain injuries. The article discusses the prevalence of head injuries and highlights common risk factors, including motor vehicle accidents, falls, an
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Book chapters on the topic "CTC Loss Function"

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Tan, Xiang-min, Dongbin Zhao, Jianqiang Yi, and Dong Xu. "Adaptive Integrated Control for Omnidirectional Mobile Manipulators Based on Neural-Network." In Transdisciplinary Advancements in Cognitive Mechanisms and Human Information Processing. IGI Global, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-60960-553-7.ch020.

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An omnidirectional mobile manipulator, due to its large-scale mobility and dexterous manipulability, has attracted lots of attention in the last decades. However, modeling and control of such systems are very challenging because of their complicated mechanism. In this paper, an unified dynamic model is developed by Lagrange Formalism. In terms of the proposed model, an adaptive integrated tracking controller, based on the computed torque control (CTC) method and the radial basis function neural-network (RBFNN), is presented subsequently. Although CTC is an effective motion control strategy for
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Johnson Heather A., Wagner Michael M., Hogan William R., et al. "Analysis of Web Access Logs for Surveillance of Influenza." In Studies in Health Technology and Informatics. IOS Press, 2004. https://doi.org/10.3233/978-1-60750-949-3-1202.

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The purpose of this study was to determine whether the level of influenza in a population correlates with the number of times that internet users access information about influenza on health-related Web sites. We obtained Web access logs from the Healthlink Web site. They contain information about the user and the information the user accessed, and are maintained electronically by most Web sites, including Healthlink. We developed weekly counts of the number of accesses of selected influenza-related articles on the Healthlink Web site and measured their correlation with traditional influenza s
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Geramifard, Omid, Jian-Xin Xu, and Junhong Zhou. "A Temporal Probabilistic Approach for Continuous Tool Condition Monitoring." In Diagnostics and Prognostics of Engineering Systems. IGI Global, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-2095-7.ch011.

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In this chapter, a temporal probabilistic approach based on hidden semi-Markov model is proposed for continuous (real-valued) tool condition monitoring in machinery systems. As an illustrative example, tool wear prediction in CNC-milling machine is conducted using the proposed approach. Results indicate that the additional flexibility provided in the new approach compared to the existing hidden Markov model-based approach improves the performance. 482 features are extracted from 7 signals (three force signals, three vibration signals and acoustic emission) that are acquired for each experiment
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Rauschkolb, Roy S., and Arthur G. Hornsby. "Source of Nitrogen." In Nitrogen Management in Irrigated Agriculture. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195078350.003.0010.

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Abstract Because of the physical and chemical characteristics of nitrogen fertilizer materials and the different ways in which each of these materials interacts with the system variables, the source of nitrogen becomes an important factor in nitrogen management. As discussed in Chapter 5, these characteristics influence nitrogen movement in soils, the susceptibility to loss, and the transformation of nitrogen in the soil–plant–water system. Soil physical characteristics influence the rate of nitrogen movement through the soil profile and determine the magnitude of losses as a function of denit
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Rojas-Rodríguez, Felipe, Andrés Pinzón, Daniel Fuenmayor, et al. "Multi-Omic Epigenetic-Based Model Reveals Key Molecular Mechanisms Associated with Palmitic Acid Lipotoxicity in Human Astrocyte." In Neurotoxicity - New Advances. IntechOpen, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.100133.

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Astrocytes are critical for the metabolic, structural and functional modulatory support of the brain. Lipotoxicity or high levels of saturated fatty acid as Palmitate (PA) has been associated with neurotoxicity, the loss or change of astrocytic functionality, and the etiology and progression of neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson or Alzheimer. Several molecular mechanisms of PA’s effect in astrocytes have been described, yet the role of epigenetic regulation and chromatin architecture have not been fully explored. In this study, we developed a multi-omic epigenetic-based model to iden
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Conference papers on the topic "CTC Loss Function"

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Gonzalez, Santiago, Xin Qiu, and Risto Miikkulainen. "Effective Regularization Through Evolutionary Loss-Function Metalearning." In 2025 IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation (CEC). IEEE, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1109/cec65147.2025.11043048.

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Morozov, Eduard, Sergei Gorbunov, and Vladimir Stanovov. "Optimizing Neural Network Loss Function with Surrogate-assisted Differential Evolution." In 2025 IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation (CEC). IEEE, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1109/cec65147.2025.11043084.

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Zhao, Qian, Yinan Guo, and Dunwei Gong. "Diagnosis of Occupational Pneumoconiosis Based on Adaptive Feature Fusion and Multi-Class Loss Function." In 2024 China Automation Congress (CAC). IEEE, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1109/cac63892.2024.10865590.

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Takashima, Ryoichi, Sheng Li, and Hisashi Kawai. "CTC Loss Function with a Unit-Level Ambiguity Penalty." In ICASSP 2018 - 2018 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icassp.2018.8461762.

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Shah, Jimit K., Anuya S. Padte, and Purnima N. Ahirao. "SangCTC-Improving Traditional CTC Loss Function for Optical Music Recognition (August 2019)." In 2019 IEEE Pune Section International Conference (PuneCon). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/punecon46936.2019.9105720.

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Nakada, Kei, Atsushi Ito, Hiroyuki Hatano, and Hayato Aratame. "New Switchless and Free Positioning Gesture Recognition System Using RNN and CTC Loss Function." In 2018 International Conference on Computational Science and Computational Intelligence (CSCI). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/csci46756.2018.00091.

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Zhao, Zhengwu, and Chunyan Zhang. "Task Allocation Game with the Loss Function." In 2023 42nd Chinese Control Conference (CCC). IEEE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.23919/ccc58697.2023.10239950.

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Qin, Xuemei, Shengqi Wang, Badong Chen, and Kezhen Zhang. "Robust Fisher Linear Discriminant Analysis with Generalized Correntropic Loss Function." In 2020 Chinese Automation Congress (CAC). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cac51589.2020.9326644.

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Liu, Binhui, Qiong Wu, Weibing Li, Zhao Ding, Jun Xu, and Qiang Ling. "A Novel Structure Prior-based Loss Function for Lane Detection." In 2020 39th Chinese Control Conference (CCC). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.23919/ccc50068.2020.9188780.

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Zhang, Mingquan, Wei Li, and Dali Chen. "Blood Vessel Segmentation in Fundus Images Based on Improved Loss Function." In 2019 Chinese Automation Congress (CAC). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cac48633.2019.8996153.

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Reports on the topic "CTC Loss Function"

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Grumet, Rebecca, and Benjamin Raccah. Identification of Potyviral Domains Controlling Systemic Infection, Host Range and Aphid Transmission. United States Department of Agriculture, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2000.7695842.bard.

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Potyviruses form one of the largest and most economically important groups of plant viruses. Individual potyviruses and their isolates vary in symptom expression, host range, and ability to overcome host resistance genes. Understanding factors influencing these biological characteristics is of agricultural importance for epidemiology and deployment of resistance strategies. Cucurbit crops are subject to severe losses by several potyviruses including the highly aggressive and variable zucchini yellow mosaic virus (ZYMV). In this project we sought to investigate protein domains in ZYMV that infl
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MacFarlane, Andrew. 2021 medical student essay prize winner - A case of grief. Society for Academic Primary Care, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37361/medstudessay.2021.1.1.

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As a student undertaking a Longitudinal Integrated Clerkship (LIC)1 based in a GP practice in a rural community in the North of Scotland, I have been lucky to be given responsibility and my own clinic lists. Every day I conduct consultations that change my practice: the challenge of clinically applying the theory I have studied, controlling a consultation and efficiently exploring a patient's problems, empathising with and empowering them to play a part in their own care2 – and most difficult I feel – dealing with the vast amount of uncertainty that medicine, and particularly primary care, pre
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