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Ananthakrishnan, Shilpa. "P-type ATPases in Mycobacterium tuberculosis." Digital WPI, 2009. https://digitalcommons.wpi.edu/etd-theses/1200.
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"Tuberculosis is a deadly disease caused by bacteria of the genus Mycobacterium. One-third of the world’s population is infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Two million these deaths occur each year in immunocompromised AIDS patients. M. tuberculosis has co-evolved with humans for many thousands of years. The bacillus has developed tactics to overcome the immune defense system and multiply in the macrophage. At the interface of the host and pathogen interactions, there is an interchange of metals and electrolytes. The host on one hand reduces the availability of metals essential for pathogen survival, like manganese and iron, in the macrophage and increases potassium ions which reduces pH in the phagolysosome. The host also generates Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) and Reactive Nitrogen Species (RNS), to create toxic affects through interactions with metals and metalloproteins. M. tuberculosis copes with the hostile environment in the macrophage by preventing the acidification of the phagolysosome, secreting antioxidant enzymes such as alkylhydroperoxidase (AhpF) and peroxiredoxin (AhpC), superoxide dismutase, SodA and SodC, and catalase KatG through the SecA system. M. tuberculosis contains 28 metal transporters, among them there are 12 unique P-type ATPases. This is an unusually high number of P-type ATPases in an organism. These ATPases transport several monovalent and divalent metals (Cu+, Cu2+, Ag+, Zn2+, Na+, K+, Ca2+, Cd2+, Pb2+, Mn2+, Mg2+, and Co2+) across biological membranes, using energy from ATP hydrolysis. Our analysis has revealed that these P-type ATPases have homologs in other intracellular symbiotic/pathogenic bacteria and certain chemolithotrophic archaea and bacteria. A corelation can hence be drawn among these pumps and the capability of surviving in noxious environments and coping with adverse redox conditions. Possible substrates were identified by determining the consensus sequences in different helices of these ATPases. However, out of the 12 P-type ATPases confirmed, transported substrate could be postulated for four of these proteins; CtpA, CtpB, CtpV and KdpB. Using bioinformatic approaches we have characterized the possible genetic environment of these genes. The transmembrane regions were analyzed for consensus sequences and the N-terminals and C-terminals were scrutinized for metal binding domains, and we were able to categorize these ATPases into P1 type and P2 type ATPases. In an attempt to determine the substrate specificity, two of these ATPases (CtpC and ctpG) were cloned and transformed into Escherichia coli cells. Cells expressing CtpC were grown in different concentrations of metals and pHs. In these experiments CtpC was found to show an interaction with copper and cadmium. Pure protein was obtained by His-tag purification and para-Nitro Phenol Phosphatase (pNPPase) assay was performed with different metals, it was found that copper and zinc activated the phosphatase activity of the enzyme; and cobalt and manganese were inhibitory. Inhibition of the pNPP assay could mean that there would be activation in the ATPase assay, meaning that cobalt and manganese could be possible substrates to this enzyme. "
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Kocabas, Evren. "Atypical P-type ATPases, CtpE and CtpF from Mycobacteria tuberculosis." Digital WPI, 2013. https://digitalcommons.wpi.edu/etd-theses/910.
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"Mycobacterium tuberculosis causes tuberculosis, one of the most life-threatening diseases of all time. It infects the host macrophages and survives in its phagosome. The host phagosome is a very hostile environment where M. tuberculosis copes with high concentration of transition metals (Zn2+, Cu2+), low levels of others (Mn2+, Fe2+) and acidic pH. P-ATPases are membrane proteins that transport various ions against their electrochemical gradients utilizing the energy of ATP hydrolysis. Based on their primary sequences; seven of the twelve mycobacterial ATPases are classified as putative heavy metal transporters and a K+-ATPase, while the substrate of four (CtpE, CtpF, CtpH and CtpI) remains unknown. Consistent with their membrane topology and conserved amino acids, CtpE and CtpF are possibly P2 or P3-ATPases that transport alkali metals or protons. We examined the cellular roles of orthologous CtpE and CtpF in M. smegmatis, a non-pathogenic model organism. We hypothesized that these novel P- ATPases play an important role in transporting alkali metals and/or protons. We analyzed growth fitness of strains carrying mutations of the coding gens of these enzymes, in presence of various metals and different pHs, as well as the gene expression levels under different stress conditions. We observed that the M. smegmatis mutant strains, lacking of CtpF or CtpE, are sensitive to high concentrations (mM) of Mn2+. Furthermore, CtpE mutant is sensitive to alkali pH. Our results indicate that CtpE and CtpF might be an Mn2+ or H+-ATPase that are required for cell’s homeostasis sustainability."
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Mäkivierikko, Aram. "CTG Carbon Calculator." Thesis, Uppsala University, Department of Information Technology, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-101181.
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A carbon dioxide emission calculator for buildings created by the U.S.-based company CTG Energetics, Inc. and based on a Excel file has been converted to a ASP.NET / SQL Server web application. Carbon dioxide emissions are calculated using data given by the user (i.e. floor area, workdays per year) in combination with statistical data used in user-selectable presets (i.e. building type, climate zone, type of water-using fixtures). In most cases a custom value can be inserted instead of using a preset. Emissions attributable both directly and indirectly to the building such as building energy use, domestic water use, landscape/irrigation, transportation, materials used for the building/parking lot and the disposal of solid waste are calculated. The emissions can be compared with a national average and/or emissions from alternate scenarios created for the same building. The web application contains some upgrades and extra functionality that would not have been possible in Excel such as user handling.
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Hunt, Alan Nigel. "CTP (choline phosphate cytidylyltransferase) in human lung." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1988. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/361174/.
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Human lung cytidylyltransferase was found associated with both 'soluble' (S100) and membrane-rich particulate (P100) fractions of Tris-buffered saline homogenates. S100 enzyme activities in 15 - 16 week fetal and adult human lungs represented a constant proportion of overall recovery, (66.8 4.8% vs 66.1 7.5%, means standard error). A lack of support for the regulatory translocation of human lung cytidylyltransferase at these extremes of development was unable to rule out a transient change in distribution near term. Rat lung P100 enzyme increased from 31% to 40% between d18 gestation and term, d22, but a concomitant increase in total. S100 cytidylyltransferase, measured in the presence of the lipid activator PG, questioned the physiological significance of the apparent translocation. Cytidylyltransferase from human and rat lung S100 were resolved into a high molecular weight H form (> 106 daltons) and a lower molecular weight L form (~200,000 daltons). Incubation of S100 at 37oC for 2 hours yielded insoluble, protein-rich aggregates which were strongly associated with rat H form cytidylyltransferase, while less strongly with the human H form. The principal 43,000 dalton, protein in these aggregates was identified as a cytoplasmic actin on the basis of its properties, amino acid composition and western blot analysis. The association of H form cytidylyltransferase with cytoskeletal F-actin containing fractions in vitro was disrupted by the detergent CHAPS, which was also able to release a portion of P100 enzyme. Separation of human S100 H and L form enzyme, by gel filtration or ultracentrifugation, revealed the presence of latent cytidylyltransferase, often as high as 3 fold, which questioned activity determinations in fresh S100. Within the framework of an emerging concept of a highly ordered aqueous cytoplasm, the incorporation of these results suggested that a portion of human lung cytidylyltransferase might by cytoskeletally bound in vivo, as has been described for many enzymes or enzyme systems. The use of conventional purification techniques, including affinity chromatography, with a view to testing these ideas in defined systems, met with little success. Low yields or highly unstable enzyme characterised many individual steps, especially where cytidylyltransferase was separated from F-actin enriched fractions. A number of triazine dyes screened as pseudoaffinity ligands revealed a rapid inhibition with Procion Green H-4G and a partial protection with MgCTP. Sepharose CL4B-immobilised Green H-4G bound cytidylyltransferase, but MgCTP was unable to effect elution. Increasing ionic strength eluted some activity but also inhibited enzyme irreversibly, while CHAPS at 1% released a maximum of only 18% bound enzyme and SDS PAGE revealed a relatively non-specific binding. The use of dye-affinity matrix offered the potential of a useful purification step with partially purified enzyme if suitable elution conditions could be devised.
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Schmidt, Kristina H. "CTG trinucleotide repeat instability in Escherichia coli." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/14353.
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In order to identify cellular factors that affect trinucleotide repeat stability, changes in the length of a (CTG)43 repeat were studied over 140 generations in wild-type Escherichia coli and in strains that are deficient in post-replicative mismatch repair, secondary structure repair and homologous recombination. It is shown that (CTG)43 inserted into pUC18 expands and contracts in wild-type E. coli in an orientation-dependent manner that is unaffected by transcription. In cells deficient in post-replicative mismatch repair (CTG)43 repeat instability is greater than in wild-type cells but orientation-independent. The observation of single trinucleotide insertions and deletions in these mutator mutants indicates that replication slippages of 3 bp occur in vivo leading to repeat expansion and contraction if left unrepaired. Compared to wild-type cells large deletions are reduced in these mutator mutants, but only if the CTG sequence serves as the lagging strand. Based on the opposing effects of mismatch repair a model is proposed in which orientation-dependent CTG repeat instability in mismatch repair proficient cells is caused by the repair of 3-bp slippages. This leads to the creation of larger deletions during repair synthesis due to the formation of unusual secondary structures by the CTG sequence on the lagging strand. Mutations in the recA and sbcCD genes do not affect the stability of plasmid-borne CTG repeats. Similarly the viability of recA-deficient strains carrying chromosomal insertions of (CTG)25 and (CTG)43 suggests that, unlike long palindromes, these trinucleotide repeats are not substrates for the structure-directed nuclease complex SbcCD or, alternatively, they do not form secondary structures frequently enough to cause lethality in recA-deficient hosts. In contrast, a mutation in the recG gene, also involved in homologous recombination, severely destabilises the (CTG)43 repeat in a strongly orientation-dependent manner that exceeds all other tested mutants. Possible explanations for this observation are discussed.
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Erlandsson, Diana, and Linda Håkansson. "Barnmorskors och läkares dokumentation av CTG : Ett kvalitetsarbete på förlossningen i Karlskrona." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för hälso- och vårdvetenskap (HV), 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-26204.
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Bakgrund: SFOG har tillsammans med SBF, SNS och LÖF upprättat riktlinjer för förlossningsvården som bland annat berör dokumentation av CTG. Dessa har tagits fram genom ”Projekt säker förlossningsvård” och antagits av Blekingesjukhuset Karlskrona år 2008. Syfte: Syftet var att undersöka barnmorskors och läkares följsamhet av CTG-dokumentation, vid aktivt förlossningsförlopp, i förhållande till lokala PM, aktuella riktlinjer och nationella styrdokument på förlossningsavdelningen, Karlskrona. Metod: Retrospektiv journalgranskningmed deskriptiv design har använts. Datainsamling omfattar tidsperioden 2011-07-01 t.o.m. 2012-03-04. Totalt ingick 748 journaler och 1547 dokumentationer i studien. Dataanalys har skett med hjälp av statistikprogrammet SPSS. Resultat: Av journalerna hade 22% ingen dokumentation om CTG och 46% av dokumentationerna innehöll en klassifikation. Åtgärd har dokumenterats i 80% och dokumentationerna var skriven utan förkortning i 45%. Följsamheten av klassificering och åtgärd tillsammans var totalt 44%medan barnmorskors var 38% och läkares 8%. Konklusion: Följsamheten av CTG-dokumentationbehöver förbättras på förlossningsavdelningen i Karlskrona. Majoriteten av vad som dokumenteras följer inte PM, riktlinjer och nationella styrdokument.Background: SFOG, SBF, SNS and LÖF have conducted guidelines for obstetric care including documentation of CTG. These have been developed during “Projekt säker förlossningsvård” and adopted 2008 by the hospital in Blekinge, Karlskrona. Aim: The aim of this study was to examine the compliance of CTG documentation by midwives and physician, during active labor, in relation to local PM, current guidelines and national policy at the labor ward Karlskrona. Method: Retrospective study using descriptive design was used. Data collection covers the time period 2011-07-01 to 2012-03-04. Totally 748 records and 1547 documentations were reviewed. Data analysis was progressed in SPSS. Result: Of the total records, 22% did not have any documentation about CTG and 46% of the collected documentations had a classification. Action was documented in 80%, and the documentations were written without an abbreviation in 45%. Compliance of classification and action together was 44%, midwives had 38% and physicians 8%. Conclusion: The compliance of CTG documentation needs improvement in the labor ward in Karlskrona. The majority of documents are not followed by PM, guidelines and national policy documents.
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Laoniphon, Patriya, and Wenyi Yu. "Capability to Promise (CTP) Handling Strategy in SAP." Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för innovation, design och teknik, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-12906.
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Nowadays, many companies attempt to adapt their production planning and strategy to make order fulfillment more flexible. In manufacturing, the capacity and capability constraints are key factors which need efficient production planning for controlling service level and minimizing inventory cost. This thesis focuses on looking for the economic and efficient strategies for Capability to Promise or CTP handling. This strategy is proposed to work for Low Volume/High Mixed product manufacturing. Moreover, SAP is used as Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) system for steering the CTP handling strategies in order to increase automated order handling regarding cost efficiency. The results of this research are both concepts and implementations on how to set CTP handling by using SAP, regarding the demand uncertainty environment in Make to Order (MTO) fulfillment.
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Miller, Jeffrey D. "CTP synthase and transporter function in Coxiella burnetii." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2004. https://etd.wvu.edu/etd/controller.jsp?moduleName=documentdata&jsp%5FetdId=3536.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--West Virginia University, 2004.Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains xi, 157 p. : ill. (some col.). Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references.
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Ding, Ziwei. "Domain functions and domain interactions of CTP, phosphocholine cytidylyltransferase." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape7/PQDD_0023/MQ51332.pdf.
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Chan, Nelson Lap Shun. "IDENTIFICATION OF ACTIVITIES INVOLVED IN CAG/CTG REPEAT INSTABILITY." UKnowledge, 2011. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/gradschool_diss/832.
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CAG/CTG repeat instability is associated with at least 14 neurological disorders, including Huntington’s disease and Myotonic dystrophy type 1. In vitro and in vivo studies have showed that CAG/CTG repeats form a stable hairpin that is believed to be the intermediate for repeat expansion and contraction.
Addition of extra DNA is essential for repeat expansion, so DNA synthesis is one of the keys for repeat expansion. In vivo studies reveal that 3’ CTG slippage with subsequent hairpin formation (henceforth called the 3’ CTG slippage hairpin) occurs during DNA synthesis. It is proposed that hairpin tolerance machinery is activated because prolonged stalling of DNA polymerase triggers severe DNA damage. As a means toward studying the hairpin-mediated expansion, we created a special hairpin substrate, mimicking the 3’ CTG slippage hairpin, to determine which polymerase promotes hairpin bypass. Our studies reveal polymerase β (pol β) is involved in the initial hairpin synthesis while polymerase δ (pol δ) is responsible for the resumption of DNA synthesis beyond the hairpin (extension step). Surprisingly, we also found that the pol δ can remove the short CTG hairpin by excision of the hairpin with its 3’ to 5’ exonuclease activity.
Besides repairing the hairpin directly, resolving the hairpin is an alternative pathway to maintain CAG/CTG repeat stability. With limited understanding of which human helicase is responsible for resolving CAG/CTG hairpins, we conducted a screening approach to identify the human helicase involved. Werner Syndrome Protein (WRN) induces the hairpin repair activity when (CTG)35 hairpin is formed on the template strand. Primer extension assay reveals that WRN stimulates pol δ synthesis on (CAG)35/(CTG)35 template and such induction was still found in the presence of accessory factors. Helicase assay confirms that WRN unwinds CTG hairpin structures.
Our studies provide a better understanding of how polymerases and helicases play a role in CAG/CTG repeat instability. Considering CAG/CTG repeat instability associated disorders are still incurable, our studies can provide several potential therapeutic targets for treating and/or preventing CAG/CTG repeat associated disorders.
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Blackwood, John Kenneth. "Expanded CTG trinucleotide repeats stimulate homologous recombination in Escherichia coli." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/14991.
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Expanded trinucleotide repeats (TNRs) (e.g. CAG, CTG, CCG) cause 40 different human diseases, however the molecular mechanism underlying the expansion of TNRs is poorly understood. This work describes the integration, in the chromosome of the bacterium Escherichia coli of differently sized CAG and CTG TNRs into the start of the lacZ gene and of a zeocin resistance recombination reporter substrate into the nearby gene, cynX. We show that TNRs stimulate recombination at cynX in a length dependent manner. Furthermore, stimulation of recombination is dependent on TNR orientation with respect to the origin of replication. Experiments indicate that zeocin recombination is reduced in E. coli mutants for double strand break repair (recA and recB); but not for gap repair (recR). TNR induced stimulation of recombination is shown to be independent of the DNA hairpin nuclease SbcCD arguing against any role of secondary structure formed by TNRs. The formation of DSBs by TNRs is investigated using pulse field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Since reversed replication forks can initiate homologous recombination (HR), this thesis investigates the possibility that TNRs lead to replication form reversal (RFR). We test this hypothesis by assaying for HR using zeocin recombination reporter substrates positioned proximal and distal with respect to the origin of replication. We show that TNR induced HR is lower at the distal site. Furthermore, the protein UvrD is known to be essential for RFR in certain replication mutants. TNR dependent stimulation of HR is lost in uvrD mutants. Both these data support the hypothesis that TNRs can cause RFR.
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Filip, Sebastián. "Řešení problému kanadského cestujícího." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-320101.
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This thesis deals with Canadian traveller problem (CTP), which can be defined as the shortest path problem in a stochastic environment. The overview of different CTP variants is presented in theoretical part of this thesis, as well as known solutions to these variants. In the next parts, the thesis focuses on the stochastic variation of CTP (SCTP). For this variant chosen solutions (strategies) are discussed more in depth. At the same time, the original strategies named UCTO and UCTP are presented. Further, the thesis deals with the description of a window application implemented in Java, which has been developed to validate and test the functionality of selected strategies. The final part contains experiments and comparison of selected strategies.
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Gasnier, Erwan. "Expansion de triplets CTG et arrêt prolifératif précoce des myoblastes DM1." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00829312.
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La dystrophie myotonique de type I est la pathologie neuromusculaire la plus répandue chez l'adulte. Elle est caractérisée par une atteinte multisystémique plus ou moins prononcée en fonction de l'extension des répétitions CTG, mutation à l'origine de l'atteinte. Le muscle squelettique est particulièrement touché avec un phénomène de myotonie ainsi qu'une atrophie. Les myoblastes, à l'origine de la formation des muscles et de leur régénération potentielle, présentent, chez les patients DM1, une capacité proliférative limitée par rapport à des myoblastes issus d'individus sains. C'est l'activation précoce de la voie p16 qui est à l'origine de cette sénescence prématurée des cellules DM1. Les mécanismes conduisant à ce phénotype sont néanmoins inconnus. Au cours de cette étude, nous avons tenté de décrypter une partie de ces mécanismes et notamment les liens potentiels entre les expansions CTG, la sensibilité au stress oxydatif et l'activation précoce de la voie p16 conduisant à la sénescence des myoblastes DM1
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Zantl, Christiane Susan. "Bedeutung verschiedener CTG-Parameter für die ante- und intrapartale fetale Zustandsdiagnostik." kostenfrei, 2008. http://mediatum2.ub.tum.de/doc/655148/655148.pdf.
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Defosse, Tatiana. "Développement d'outils moléculaires standardisés pour les espèces levuriformes du clade CTG." Thesis, Tours, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TOUR3803/document.
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Parmi les espèces de levures du clade CTG, certaines sont responsables de candidoses tandis que d’autres présentent des potentiels en biotechnologie. Depuis quelques années, nous assistons à une intensification des recherches sur ces levures. Cependant, leur code génétique particulier a ralenti la mise au point d’outils génétiques pour la plupart d’entre elles. Cette thèse vise à développer des outils moléculaires standardisés pour un grand nombre d’espèces de levures du clade CTG. Nous avons d’abord conçu des vecteurs d’expression adaptés à l’espèce M. guilliermondii. Par la suite, nous avons caractérisé le gène de résistance à l’acide mycophénolique IMH3.2 afin de l’utiliser comme marqueur de sélection lors de la transgénèse d’espèces du clade CTG. Enfin, nous avons mis au point une série de vecteurs permettant la manipulation génétique de ces espèces. Ce travail a conduit à la conception d’une large gamme d’outils utilisable dans un grand nombre de ces levures, pré-requis essentiel aux futurs recherches en mycologie médicale et au développement de stratégies de biologie synthétiqueThe fungal CTG clade includes well-known yeasts of clinical importance and/or biotechnological potential. Thus, albeit being intensively studied over the last 30 years, their uncommon genetic code precludes the use of the widely available markers and reporter systems for genetic approaches in these microorganisms. We provide here a toolbox to genetically manipulate a wide range of CTG clade species. Firstly, we developed a new series of versatile controllable expression vectors for M. guilliermondii. After, we characterized MPA-resistant gene IMH3.2 et used it as a drug resistance marker in several yeast species. Finaly, we provide a molecular toolbox suitable to genetically manipulate a broad range of prominent species from the CTG clade. This versatile toolkit represents a new starting point for successful developments of research in medical mycology in the CTG clade but also will expedite synthetic biology strategies in these microorganisms for biotechnological applications
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Dunlop, Thomas William. "The isolation and characterisation of mouse genes containing CAG/CTG trinucleotide repeats." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.363168.
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Živko, Pavlović. "Karakterizacija površinske strukture neštampajućih elemenata CtP termalne štamparske forme za ofset štampu." Phd thesis, Univerzitet u Novom Sadu, Fakultet tehničkih nauka u Novom Sadu, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/NS20120519PAVLOVIC.
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Disertacija daje pregled novih i relevantnih istraživanja i stavovau naučnoj zajednici na temu štamparskih formi i uticaja procesaštampe na trošenje neštampajućih elemenata. U disertaciji jeukazano na kontinualno praćenje topografskih promenaneštampajućih elemenata štamparskih formi kako bi se kontrolisaoperiod eksploatacije a time i proces reprodukcije. Takođe dajeprilog novim istraživanjima sa analizom velikog brojaeksperimentalnih uzoraka sa dobijenim izmerenim podacima iodgovarajućim korelacijama i predstavlja napredak u shvatanjumehanizma trošenja neštampajućih površina štamparskih formi injihov uticaj na tribološke promene u odnosu na strukturu osnovealuminijuma i sloja aluminijum oksida.Dissertation gives an overview of the current state, research and theories ofprinting forms and influence of printing process on wearing of non-printingelements within the science community. The dissertation points out the continuousmonitoring of topographic changes of printing form non-printing elements to controlthe exploitation of a period of time and the process of reproduction. This workcontributes to new research with the analysis of large number of experimentalsamples and calculated correlations and represents an advance in thecomprehension of the surface wear mechanism of printing form non-printingelements and their influence on the tribological changes to the structure of thebase layer of aluminium and aluminium oxide.
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Windal, Christoffer. "Kvalitetssäkring av Agfa Polaris XT." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Science and Technology, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-4291.
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Detta examensarbete har utförts i samarbete med NAtryck i Örebro och syftar till att kontrollera stabiliteten hos deras sättare av märke Agfa Polaris XT och därmed avgöra om ett automatiskt kontrollerande system vore lönsamt i inköp. Kontrollen har skett genom kontinuerliga mätningar av tonvärden på plåt (efter exponering och framkallning men innan tryckning) under en lång tidsperiod. CtP-processens bidrag till den totala punktförstoringen har också studerats med hjälp av tre provtryckningar där även slutsatser om plåtslitagets inverkan dragits. Ett program för att hantera de fel som uppstår i sättaren har också konstruerats.
Resultaten visar att CtP-processen hos NAtryck är stabil och att medelvärdet av variationerna hos tonvärdena understiger två procent för båda rastreringsmetoderna som tryckeriet använder. De parametrar som påverkar processen mest är temperatur hos sättaren samt rengöring och byte av framkallningsvätska i framkallaren. En högre temperatur och äldre framkallningsvätska ger högre värden. Bidraget till den totala punktförstoringen från sättare och framkallare är ca femton procent i genomsnitt och mellan 0 och 5 procent vid fyrtioprocentig yttäckning. Om inget plåtslitage skulle inträffa vore denna siffra betydligt högre.
Slutsatsen är att ett inköp av ett automatiskt kontrollerande system vore olönsamt då processen redan håller acceptabel nivå. Sedan arbetet avslutats har även en ny sorts plåtar börjat användas som ger en än högre stabilitet.
This thesis has been done in collaboration with NAtryck in Örebro with the purpose to investigate the stability in their CtP-process. This has been done through continuous measurements of tone values on plates (after exposing and processing and before printing) during an extensive time period. The contribution from the CtP to the total amount of dot gain has also been investigated by conducting three test prints where conclusions about the degrading of the plates also have been made. A program that deals with errors in the CtP has been constructed.
The results show that the CtP-process is stable and that the mean value of the variations is below two percent for both screening methods used. The parameters that affect the result are the temperature and the cleaning and fluid of the developer. A higher temperature and older fluid give higher values. The contribution to the total dot gain is about fifteen percent in average and between zero and five percent at forty percent area coverage. If there were no degrading of the plate in the press this number would be much higher.
The conclusion is that an automatic controlling system would not be profitable. Since this work has been concluded a new type of plates has been taking in to production that resulted in even higher stability.
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Francis, Matthew S. "Isolation of CtpA, a copper transporting P-type ATpase which has significance for virulence of L. monocytogenes /." Title page, abstract and contents only, 1996. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phf819.pdf.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Adelaide, Dept. of Microbiology and Immunology, 1997.Errata and corrections pasted on front end paper. Copies of three of author's previously published articles contained in back pocket. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 178-219).
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Mather, Jonathan, and Nancy Shaw. "RANGE SAFETY CASE STUDY: WESTERN RANGE CENTRALIZED TELEMETRY PROCESSING SYSTEM (WR CTPS), A LARGE DISTRIBUTED GROUND SYSTEM." International Foundation for Telemetering, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/604505.
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ITC/USA 2007 Conference Proceedings / The Forty-Third Annual International Telemetering Conference and Technical Exhibition / October 22-25, 2007 / Riviera Hotel & Convention Center, Las Vegas, NevadaThis paper presents a case study of the Western Range Centralized Telemetry Processing Subsystem (WR CTPS). This system was developed by Lockheed Martin Integrated Systems and Global Services and L-3 Communications Telemetry-West as part of the Range Standardization and Automation (RSA) IIA program. Requirements included real-time simultaneous acquisition of 16 PCM streams at rates of up to 30M bits per second; real-time processing; and data display on workstations connected over a gigabit Ethernet network. This system is designed for range safety and needs to be fault-tolerant while maintaining 100 percent data availability in the event of a single failure during an operation. The development of such a system demanded a rigorous Systems Engineering approach to ensure the successful upgrade and deployment onto the range infrastructure. This case study provides an overview of the system technical requirements and its architecture. The summary presents challenges encountered during the development and lessons learned while meeting them.
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Yao, Zemin. "Isolation of rat liver CTP: phosphocholine cytidylyltransferase and regulation of hepatic phosphatidylcholine biosynthesis." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/25073.
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Two kinds of affinity chromatography, CDP-choline- and CTP-Sepharose 4B, were investigated for purification of the cytosolic CTP:phosphocholine cytidylyltransferase from rat liver. The enzyme did not show strong affinity for the CDP-choline Sepharose resin, but bound to the CTP-Sepharose column in the presence of 14 mM magnesium acetate. The combination of CTP affinity chromatography
with ion-exchange techniques provided about 70-fold purification of the cytosolic enzyme with a specific activity of about 90 units per milligram protein.
The influence of diphenylsulfone compounds on the synthesis
of phosphatidylcholine by the CDP-choline pathway was examined in
isolated rat hepatocytes and HeLa cells. The administration of
the sulfones (100 ug/ml), except dapsone, to HeLa cells inhibited
the total [methyl-³H]choline incorporation into the cells, but did not change the rate of conversion of choline to phosphatidylcholine.
The addition of the sulfones (100 ug/ml) to rat hepatocytes
did not inhibit the biosynthesis of phosphatidylcholine and choline metabolism.
The effect of vasopressin on the distribution of cytidylyl-transferase between cytosol and microsomes in rat hepatocytes was also investigated. The digitonin-mediated release of cytosolic cytidylyltransferase was reduced from the cells treated with vasopressin (5-20 nM) , while the enhanced rate of incorporation of [methyl-³H]choline into phosphatidylcholine was not observed.Medicine, Faculty of
Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of
Graduate
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Eriksson, Jens. "Evaluation of Hardware Test Methods for VLSI Systems." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Electrical Engineering, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-239.
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The increasing complexity and decreasing technology feature sizes of electronic designs has caused the challenge of testing to grow over the last decades. The purpose of this thesis was to evaluate different hardware test methods/approaches based on their applicability in a complex SoC design. Among the aspects that were investigated are test implementation effort, test efficiency and the performance penalties implicated by the test.
This report starts out by presenting a general introduction to the basics of hardware testing. It then moves on to review available standards and methodologies. In the end one of the more interesting methods is investigated through a case study. The method that was chosen for the case study has been implemented on a DSP, and is rather new and not as prolific as many of the standards discussed in the report. This type of method appears to show promising results when compared to more traditional ones.
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Sales, Gustavo de Luna. "Diagrama de ventilação natural : ferramenta de análise do potencial da ventilação natural no estudo preliminar de projeto." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UnB, 2016. http://repositorio.unb.br/handle/10482/22747.
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Tese (doutorado)—Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade de Arquitetura e Urbanismo, 2016.Submitted by Camila Duarte (camiladias@bce.unb.br) on 2016-07-20T16:28:11Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2016_GustavodeLunaSales.pdf: 6698120 bytes, checksum: 0e96c1b5bde43be2b8976e3584d413ad (MD5)
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A presente tese aborda o desenvolvimento do Diagrama de Ventilação Natural (DVN) – ferramenta de análise do potencial da ventilação natural, para favorecer a Qualidade Interna do Ar (QIA) e o Conforto Térmico Passivo (CTP) em projetos de habitações. Parte-se da hipótese de que é possível desenvolver uma ferramenta que proporcione uma análise mais simples, amigável e rápida em comparação com as atuais ferramentas disponíveis, e que seja aplicável durante as primeiras etapas do processo de projetação – mais especificamente, na etapa do Estudo Preliminar (EP). Para tanto, foram levantados na bibliografia sobre o tema os principais fatores externos e internos ao projeto que influenciam o potencial da ventilação natural em termos de QIA e o CTP. Posteriormente foram levantados os parâmetros legais mínimos exigidos pelos Códigos de Edificações e Normas Técnicas referentes à ventilação natural que, juntamente com os fatores externos e internos de projeto, foram transformados em variáveis a serem analisadas pelo DVN. Por fim, foram analisados os principais modelos que atualmente estão disponíveis para a análise da ventilação natural no projeto de arquitetura – modelos analíticos e empíricos, modelos em escala, modelo multizona e de zona, modelos computacionais de dinâmica dos fluidos. Essa análise identificou as principais deficiências das ferramentas/modelos atuais em termos de aplicação durante a etapa de Estudo Preliminar de Projeto – sendo essas: custo de aplicação, nível de habilidade técnica exigido do usuário, e interface pouco amigável. Assim, para suprir as deficiências apontadas, foi identificado que a ferramenta a ser desenvolvida deveria ser fundamentada nos princípios dos modelos gráficos – que visam justamente à simplificação do problema a ser estudado, a análise das principais variáveis influentes e a obtenção de um diagnóstico/resultado estimado por meio da combinação das variáveis identificadas. Após a estruturação do DVN, foi desenvolvida a ferramenta com linguagem simples, amigável e acessível gratuitamente na rede mundial de computadores. O DVN possibilita a quantificação do potencial da ventilação natural em favorecer a QIA e o CTP, fornece o número de renovações de ar por hora estimado para os ambientes de quarto, sala, cozinha e banheiro, além de informar ao usuário quais os aspectos que o EP cumpre em termos normativos/legais e quais as diretrizes para a melhoria de possíveis problemas.
This thesis describes the development of Natural Ventilation Diagram (NVD) - an analysis tool of the potential of natural ventilation to provide the Indoor Air Quality and Passive Thermal Comfort in the design of residential buildings. It starts with the hypothesis that it is possible develop a tool that provides more simple, user friendly, and faster analysis in comparison with the current available tools - and that is applicable during the first stages of the design process. Have been raised in the literature the major internal and external factors that influence the potential of natural ventilation associated with IAQ and PTC. Afterwards have been identified the minimum legal standards required by the Building Codes and Technical Standards relating to natural ventilation. The legal parameters and external and internal factors were transformed into variables that the user can analyze by the NVD. Finally, were analyzed the main models that are currently available for the analysis of natural ventilation in architectural design – empirical and analytical models, scale models, multizonal and zonal models, computacional computational fluid dynamics models. This analysis identified the main weaknesses of the tools / current models in terms of application for the Preliminary Design stage process - related to the cost of implementation, technical skill level required of the user, and unfriendly interface. Therefore, to fulfill the identified deficiencies, it was identified that the tool to be developed should be based on the principles of graphical models. The graphics models aim at simplification of the problem to be studied, the analysis of main influential variables and obtaining a diagnostic/result estimated by the combination of the identified variables. After structuring of NVD, it was developed the tool with simple language, friendly and available free on the World Wide Web. The NVD enable quantification of natural ventilation potential, provides an estimation of the number of air change per hour for rooms, living room, kitchen and bathroom. As well as inform the user which aspects meets in regulatory / legal terms and what the guidelines for the improvement of potential problems.
En esta tesis se describe el desarrollo del Diagrama de Ventilación Natural (DVN) - una herramienta de análisis del potencial de ventilación natural para promover la Calidad del Aire Interior (CAI) y el Confort Térmico Pasivo (CTP) en proyectos de viviendas. La posibilidad de desarrollar una herramienta que proporciona un análisis simple de usar y rápido de usuario, en comparación con las herramientas actuales disponibles, y que es aplicable durante las primeras etapas del proceso de projetação es la hipótesis inicial. En un primer momento ha planteado en la literatura sobre el tema de los principales factores externos e internos que influyen en la ventilación potencial del proyecto. Después de los estándares legales mínimos aumentaron requeridos por los códigos de construcción y normas técnicas relativas a la ventilación natural. Todos estos parámetros planteados fueron transformadas en variables para ser analizados por la herramienta propuesta. Por último, los principales modelos que están actualmente disponibles se analizaron para el análisis de la ventilación natural en el diseño arquitectónico - modelos analíticos y empíricos, modelos a escala, multi-zona y el modelo de zona, los modelos informáticos de dinámica de fluidos. Este análisis identifica las principales deficiencias de las / los modelos actuales herramientas en términos de aplicación durante la etapa de diseño preliminar del estudio - a saber: el costo de aplicación, nivel de habilidad técnica requerida del usuario, y la interfaz poco amigable. Para satisfacer las deficiencias identificadas, se identificó que la herramienta que se desarrollen deben estar basadas en los principios de los modelos gráficos. Después de estructuración de lo DVN, se desarrolló la herramienta con un lenguaje sencillo, amable y disponible gratuitamente en la World Wide Web. Lo que permite la cuantificación de la potencial de la ventilación natural en la calidad del aire favor y confort térmico; proporciona el número de renovaciones de aire por hora para la sala de estar, cocina y baño, así como informar al usuario qué aspectos se reúne en términos normativos / legales y cuáles son las pautas para la mejora de los problemas potenciales.
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Gustafsson, Fredrik, and Julius Bye. "Post-Earnings-Announcement Drift : Existerande anomali och lönsam investeringsstrategi?" Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Företagsekonomi, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-170040.
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Bakgrund: Sedan slutet av 1960-talet har flera studier kunnat påvisa drift i aktiepriset efter att ett bolag publicerat en kvartalsrapport, något som benämns som Post-earningsannouncement drift (PEAD). När bolagets resultat varit bättre än det marknaden förväntade sig har aktiepriset fortsatt stiga under en längre period, vilket går emot etablerade hypoteser om en effektiv marknad. Det motsatta har skett när bolaget publicerat ett sämre resultat än vad marknaden förväntat sig. Eftersom den svenska marknaden är relativt outforskad och att den kontinuerligt förändras är det intressant att undersöka om den anomali som nyss beskrivits fortsatt existerar på Stockholmsbörsen, om den går att använda som lönsam investeringsstrategi och huruvida det finns skillnader i aktieprisdrift mellan branscher eftersom det aldrig tidigare studerats. Syfte: Syftet med studien är att analysera huruvida PEAD förekommer på Nasdaq Stockholmsbörsen och om det existerar skillnader i aktieprisdrift mellan branscher under perioden 2014–2018. Studien avser vidare studera om det är möjligt att utforma en lönsam investeringsstrategi baserad på PEAD. Metod: För att uppnå studiens syfte tillämpades en deduktiv ansats och en kvantitativ metod. För att analysera PEAD på Stockholmsbörsen baserades portföljer på Unexpected Earnings (UE) och två modeller benämnda Buy-and-hold-abnormal returns (BHAR) och Calendar-Time regression model (CTP) användes för att illustrera och testa portföljernas avkastning. Resultat: Studiens resultat tyder på att PEAD fortfarande existerar på Stockholmsbörsen, men att resultatet skiljer sig något från tidigare studier. En drift i positiv riktning påvisas i innevarande studie i portföljer av bolag som publicerat såväl bättre som sämre resultat än vad marknaden förväntat sig. I tidigare studier har portföljer av bolag som publicerat sämre resultat än marknaden förväntat sig istället haft en negativ. Vidare visar resultatet att det återfunnits skillnader i drift mellan undersökta branscher och att PEAD sannolikt inte är en lönsam investeringsstrategi.Background: Since the end of 1960 several studies has indicated a delay in stock price movements after the publishing of a company's interim report. When the earnings of a company were higher than expected, the stock price continued to rise for an extended period, which contradicts the different hypothesis of efficient markets. The opposite effect was observed when the earnings were lower than expected. Due to the limited number of studies regarding PEAD conducted on the Swedish stock market, and the fact that the stock markets are constantly changing, it is interesting to examine and analyze if the anomaly still exists on Stockholmsbörsen. Another point of interest to research is whether it would be possible to earn abnormal returns through a PEAD investment strategy and analyze if there are differences in drift depending on the industry. Aim: The aim of this study is to analyze whether PEAD exists on Nasdaq Stockholmsbörsen and if differences in stock price drift exists between industries during the period 2014-2018. The study further means to study whether it is possible to implement a profitable investment strategy based on PEAD. Methodology: In order to reach the aim of the study a quantitative method and deductive approach were used. In order to analyze PEAD on the Swedish stock market portfolios based on Unexpected Earnings (UE) were formed and two models named Buy-and-hold-abnormal returns (BHAR) and Calendar-Time regression model (CTP) were used in order to illustrate and test the portfolio returns. Results: The results of the study indicated that PEAD exists on Stockholmsbörsen, but that the results differ from previous studies. A positive drift was observed in both the portfolios which were based on positive and negative earnings surprises in relation to the market's expectations. In previous studies the portfolio based on companies which reported negative earnings surprise had a negative drift, which differs from this study’s results. Furthermore, this study’s results indicate that an investment strategy based on PEAD is not profitable and that differences in drift could be observed depending on the industry.
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Bierau, Jörgen. "The pivotal role of CTP synthetase in the metabolism of (deoxy)nucleosides in neuroblastoma." [S.l. : Amsterdam : s.n.] ; Universiteit van Amsterdam [Host], 2003. http://dare.uva.nl/document/70985.
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Hauck, Shahram. "Automated CtP Calibration for Offset Printing : Dot gain compensation, register variation and trapping evaluation." Doctoral thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för teknik och naturvetenskap, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-119366.
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Although offset printing has been and still is the most common printing technology for color print productions, its print productions are subject to variations due to environmental and process parameters. Therefore, it is very important to frequently control the print production quality criteria in order to make the process predictable, reproducible and stable. One of the most important parts in a modern industrial offset printing is Computer to Plate (CtP), which exposes the printing plate. One of the most important quality criteria for printing is to control the dot gain level. Dot gain refers to an important phenomenon that causes the printed elements to appear larger than their reference size sent to the CtP. It is crucial to have the dot gain level within an acceptable range, defined by ISO 12647-2 for offset printing. This is done by dot gain compensation methods in the Raster Image Processor (RIP). Dot gain compensation is however a complicated task in offset printing because of the huge number of parameters affecting dot gain. Another important quality criterion affecting the print quality in offset is the register variation caused by the misplacement of printing sheet in the printing unit. Register variation causes tone value variations, gray balance variation and blurred image details. Trapping is another important print quality criterion that should be measured in an offset printing process. Trapping occurs when the inks in different printing units are printed wet-on-wet in a multi-color offset printing machine. Trapping affects the gray balance and makes the resulting colors of overlapped inks pale. In this dissertation three different dot gain compensation methods are discussed. The most accurate and efficient dot gain compensation method, which is noniterative, has been tested, evaluated and applied using many offset printing workflows. To further increase the accuracy of this method, an approach to effectively select the correction points of a RIP with limited number of correction points, has also been proposed. Correction points are the tone values needed to be set in the RIP to define a dot gain compensation curve. To fulfill the requirement of having the register variation within the allowed range, it has to be measured and quantified. There have been two novel models proposed in this dissertation that determine the register variation value. One of the models is based on spectrophotometry and the other one on densitometry. The proposed methods have been evaluated by comparison to the industrial image processing based register variation model, which is expensive and not available in most printing companies. The results of all models were comparable, verifying that the proposed models are good alternatives to the image processing based model. The existing models determining the trapping values are based on densitometric measurements and quantify the trapping effect by a percentage value. In this dissertation, a novel trapping model is proposed that quantifies the trapping effect by a color difference metric, i.e.
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Savouret, Cédric. "La dystrophie myotonique de Steinert. Trinucléotides CTG et réparation de l'ADN : les liaisons dangereuses." Paris 5, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA05P621.
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La Dystrophie Myotonique de Steinert est due à l'amplification d'une répétition de triplets CTG. On observe chez les patients une instabilité intergénérationnelle et somatique. Le laboratoire a créé des modèles de souris transgéniques contenant 20, 55 ou 300 CTG, qui reproduisent les caractéristiques de l'instabilité observée chez les patients. Cette thèse vise à comprendre au travers de quel mécanisme moléculaire sont générées les expansions. Afin de tester le rôle de la réparation de l'ADN, j'ai croisé les souris à 300 CTG avec des souris invalidées pour des gènes appartenant aux différents systèmes. Les résultats les plus frappants ont été obtenus pour Msh2 : en son absence, les expansions de triplets disparaissent et une majorité de contractions est observée. Msh2 est donc nécessaire à la production des expansions intergénérationnelles et somatiques. J'ai également pu montrer que les expansions germinales sont produites au début de la spermatogenèse, dans les spermatogoniesMyotonic Dystrophy is due to the amplification of a CTG repeat tract, and patients show both intergenerational and somatic CTG instability. The laboratory has created transgenic mice models with 20, 55 or 300 CTG, that reproduce the instability features observed in patients. This thesis was to understand through which mechanism are the expansions generated. To assay the role of DNA repair, I have bred the 300 CTG mice with mice deficient for genes from different repair pathways. The most striking results were obtained with Msh2: in its absence, trinucleotide expansion disappear, and a majority of contractions is observed. Msh2 is thus necessary for intergenerational and somatic expansions to occur. I could also demonstrate that germinal expansions are produced at the very beginning of spermatogenesis, in spermatogonia
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Foiry, Laurent. "La dystrophie myotonique de Steinert : instabilité des triplets répétés CTG et métabolisme de l'ADN." Paris 5, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA05P620.
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La dystrophie myotonique de Steinert (DM1) est une pathologie multisystémique due à l’amplification d’une répétition CTG dans la région 3’-UTR du gène DMPK. Chez les patients, le nombre de CTG augmente lors des transmissions parentales, ce qui permet d’expliquer l’apparition et l’aggravation des symptômes de plus en plus tôt au cours des générations. La taille de cette répétition augmente également dans les tissus des patients ce qui pourrait expliquer la progression de la sévérité des symptômes au cours de la vie. Afin d’identifier quels sont les mécanismes d’instabilité impliqués, j’ai croisé le modèle murin de la DM1 du laboratoire avec des souris invalidées pour plusieurs gènes codant des protéines intervenant lors de la réparation et de la réplication de l’ADN, telles que Msh3, Msh6, p53, Rad52 ou la ligase I. Dans cette thèse, est également décrit pour la première fois chez la souris la reproduction des très grandes expansions intergénérationnelles observées chez les patientsMyotonic Dystrophy type 1 (DM1) a multisystemic disorder caused by a CTG repeat expansion in the 3’-UTR part of the DMPK gene. The CTG repeat number increases in parental transmissions, which provides a molecular explanation of the anticipation phenomenon commonly observed in DM1 families. The CTG repeat size also increases in tissues which could explain the increasing severity of symptoms in patients during their life. In order to identify the molecular mechanism involved in CTG repeat instability, I crossed the DM1 mouse model of the lab with DNA repair and DNA replication deficient mice (knocked-out for Msh2, Msh3, Msh6, p53, Rad52 and Ligase I). In this thesis, large intergenerational expansions (+300 CTG in one single generation) are described for the first time in a mouse model. Hypothesis about CTG repeat instability mechanisms and various therapeutic approaches are presented in this manuscript
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Ueki, Junko. "Myotonic dystrophy type 1 patient-derived iPSCs for the investigation of CTG repeat instability." Kyoto University, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/230991.
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Font-Sala, Candide. "Mécanismes physiopathologiques des atteintes musculaires dans les déficits héréditaires en carnitine palmitoyl transférase II." Paris 6, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA066722.
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L'oxydation mitochondriale des acides gras à longue chaîne (AGLC) est la principale source d'énergie du cœur et des muscles squelettiques. Les AGLC rentrent dans la mitochondrie par les Carnitine Palmitoyl Transferases (CPT1 et 2) et leur dégradation aboutie à la formation d'acétyl-CoA. Le couplage de la β-oxydation (β-ox) à la chaîne respiratoire assure la production d'ATP avec un rendement énergétique élevé. Les déficits héréditaires de β-ox, regroupent une quinzaine de maladies, souvent associées à une myopathie. Ces pathologies complexes sont bien caractérisées d'un point de vue clinique et génétique mais sont encore mal comprises et peu traitées. Les déficits en CPT2 comptent parmi les déficits les plus fréquents. Ses phénotypes varient d'une forme néonatale sévère, souvent fatale à une forme modérée plus fréquente. Cette myopathie se développe souvent chez l'adolescent et se traduit par des myalgies, une raideur musculaire, une fatigabilité importante, voire des rhabdomyolyses. Ces symptômes sont aggravés par un exercice modéré et des situations de stress métabolique (jeûne, épisode infectieux, froid). L'étude de modèles myoblastes/myotubes de cellules de patients atteints de la forme modérée et exposés à des conditions entrainant l'apparition des symptômes : acides gras et hyperthermie, a permis de mettre en évidence: un stress oxydant, un défaut de prolifération et de différenciation, une chute du potentiel membranaire mitochondrial et un profil apoptose/nécrose différent des témoins. Le bézafibrate, bien que restaurant les capacités de β-oxydation (à 37°C), n'a eu quasiment aucun effet bénéfique sur ces paramètres.
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Matsdorff, Silvana Aparecida Mendes. "Ambiente e qualidade de vida: um estudo no Centro de Tradições Gaúchas (CTG) Nova Querência de Boa Vista/RR." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UNIVATES, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10737/606.
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A qualidade de vida é uma compreensão pessoal, de como o indivíduo percebe o mundo e a si próprio. Diz respeito ao bem-estar físico, psicológico e social do ser humano e tem relação com sua cultura, com seus valores, condição econômica, expectativas de vida, relação com o ambiente e políticas públicas. O presente estudo visou identificar a qualidade de vida de participantes de uma comunidade de sentidos denominada Centro de Tradições Gaúchas (CTG) Nova Querência, localizado no município de Boa Vista/RR, bem como suas percepções sobre a contribuição desse ambiente para a promoção de sua qualidade de vida. A pesquisa qualiquantitativa de corte transversal ocorreu no período de outubro a novembro de 2012. Os participantes que tinham frequência mínima de três vezes ao mês no Centro foram convidados a fazer parte da pesquisa, sendo que 59 pessoas participaram por adesão. Foi utilizando o instrumento de avaliação World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQOL-Bref) da Organização Mundial de Saúde (OMS) para analisar as respostas referentes à qualidade de vida nos domínios: físico, psicológico, ambiental e das relações sociais dos maiores de 18 anos e entrevistas e grupos focais com pessoas de diferentes faixas etárias para identificar as suas percepções sobre a influência do Centro em sua qualidade de vida. As médias das respostas dos participantes do CTG para o instrumento WHOQOL-Bref apontaram para uma boa qualidade de vida em todos os domínios analisados, sendo que o maior escore encontra-se no domínio social e o menor, no domínio físico, com as seguintes médias: Domínio físico: 63,47 ±1,55; Domínio psicológico: 69,81 ±1,44; Domínio social: 79,08 ±2,03 e Domínio ambiental: 69,25 ±1,88. A relevância das relações sociais para a qualidade de vida dos participantes do estudo foi observada também nas análises de seus relatos.
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Marque, Sylvain. "Effets spécifiques des micro-ondes sur la réactivité et la sélectivité : cas des substitutions nucléophiles aromatiques." Paris 11, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA112186.
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Cette thèse se situe dans un contexte de programme de recherche de Chimie Verte. Elle traite des substitutions nucléophiles aromatiques (S(N)Ar) en utilisant le couplage de deux techniques: catalyse par transfert de phase sans solvant et irradiation micro-ondes. Deux objectifs sont mis en avant: d'une part, la méthodologie pour l'amélioration de procédé (obtention des rendements les plus élevés possibles dans des conditions douces), d'autre part, la mise en évidence d'effets spécifiques des micro-ondes et la compréhension des phénomènes mis en jeu dans l'interaction rayonnement-matière. En ce qui concerne l'optimisation des rendements des S(N)Ar, l'étude se compose essentiellement de deux parties: - des éthérifications d'halogénures aromatiques ou azaaromatiques, - la fluoration de chlorodiazines. Dans le premier cas, des éthers ont pu être synthétisés avec des rendements excellents sur des substrats aromatiques activés ou non, grâce à une activation micro-ondes raisonnable et des temps de réaction d'au plus une heure. Dans le deuxième cas, l'échange fluor - chlore a été optimisé jusqu'à l'obtention de très bons rendements, de meilleures sélectivités, dans des conditions bien plus douces que la littérature. Ce mémoire propose également une discussion sur les différences non thermiques entre micro-ondes et chauffage classique (effets spécifiques). La discussion s'articule autour de la sensibilité du milieu avec le champ électrique, et de l'évolution de la polarité des espèces au cours du mécanisme réactionnel, à l'appui de mesures de caractéristiques diélectriques (e' et e") et de calculs de chimie quantique. Ces effets dépendent de la polarité et de la position relative des réactifs et de l'état de transition sur les coordonnées réactionnellesThis thesis takes place in a research program of Green Chemistry. It deals with nucleophilic aromatic substitutions (S(N)Ar) using the mixing of two techniques: solvent-free phase transfer catalysis and microwave irradiation. It consists in two objectives: - a methodology approach aiming to improvements in procedure (highest yields under mild reaction conditions), - a study of interactions between the electric field and the medium concerning specific microwave effects. Concerning the first point, the study is dealing with, on one band etherification of aromatic or azaaromatic halides and, on an other hand tluorination of chlorodiazines. In the first case, ethers have been synthesised with excellent yields on activated or non-activated aromatic halides thanks to microwave irradiation within one hour or legs as reaction time. In the second case, tluorine-chlorine exchange has been improved up to very good yields, better selectivity and under milder conditions than in the literature. This memory also focuses on non-purely thermal differences between microwave and conventional heating (specific effects). The experimental results concern the medium sensibility to the electric field and the evolution of species polarity according to the mechanism. They are based on dielectric characterics measurements (e' and e") and theoretical calculations. The specific effects depend on the relative polarities of ground and transition states and its position along the reaction coordinates
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Al-Zaher, Nizam [Verfasser], Rüdiger [Akademischer Betreuer] Görtz, and Rüdiger [Gutachter] Görtz. "Die Häufigkeit der Lungenembolie in der CTPA in einer Notfallaufnahme / Nizam Al-Zaher ; Gutachter: Rüdiger Görtz ; Betreuer: Rüdiger Görtz." Erlangen : Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 2020. http://d-nb.info/1214888526/34.
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Lopes, Luara Landulpho Alves [UNESP]. "A cooperação técnica entre países em desenvolvimento (CTPD) da Agência Brasileira de Cooperação (ABC-MRE): o Brasil como doador." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/96298.
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Lopes, Luara Landulpho Alves. "A Cooperação Técnica entre Países em Desenvolvimento (CTPD) da Agência Brasileira de Cooperação (ABC-MRE): o Brasil como doador." São Paulo : [s.n.], 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/96298.
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Orientador: Henrique Altemani de OliveiraBanca: Joaquim Racy
Banca: Reginaldo Carmello de Moraes
O Programa de Pós-Graduação em Relações Internacionais é instituído em parceria com a Unesp/Unicamp/PUC-SP, em projeto subsidiado pela CAPES, intitulado "Programa San Tiago Dantas"
Resumo: Não disponível
Abstract: Not available
Mestre
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Zhang, Daqing. "Identification of the dimerization domain of CTP, phosphocholine cytidylyltransferase and the role of dimer formation." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp04/mq24277.pdf.
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Becker, Gabriela Liedtke. "Além da tradição : etnografando um CTG (Centro de Tradições Gaúchas) na Região de Curitiba, Paraná." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFPR, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1884/36863.
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Orientadora: Profa. Dra. Ciméia Barbato BevilaquaDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal do Paraná, Setor de Ciências Humanas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Antropologia Social. Defesa: Curitiba, 19/09/2014
Inclui referências
Resumo: Esta dissertação baseia-se no estudo etnográfico realizado em um Centro de Tradições Gaúchas (CTG) situado no município de Colombo, região metropolitana de Curitiba, Paraná. Acompanhando suas atividades cotidianas, procurei entender o que faz este CTG e quais são as relações estabelecidas por seus frequentadores. A observação mais atenta dos ensaios e das atividades de um dos seus grupos de danças gaúchas sugeriu que as competições artísticas entre os diferentes CTGs, organizadas e promovidas pelo Movimento Tradicionalista Gaúcho, impulsionam os grupos a produzirem espetáculos de danças que sejam, simultaneamente, tradicionais e inovadores. Em busca de diferenciação, os grupos se empenham criativamente na produção de pesquisas sobre temas históricos que sustentarão seus espetáculos, e sobre quais vestimentas, objetos e comportamentos irão compor as suas apresentações de danças. A observação da elaboração de um destes espetáculos revelou um incessante debate no qual se produzem diferentes modos de inventar o passado. Através desse debate, novos elementos, qualidades, sentidos e atributos passam a compor as categorias "gaúcho" e "tradicional". Argumento, diante disso, que a "tradição gaúcha" é um resultado das relações estabelecidas entre muitos atores: pessoas integrantes dos diferentes CTGs, instrutores profissionais de danças gaúchas, instituições reguladoras das competições e diversas coisas como, por exemplo, livros, manuais, roupas, instrumentos musicais. Ao mesmo tempo, esta pesquisa procura mostrar como o vínculo de muitos frequentadores ao CTG e a sua intensa dedicação às atividades lá realizadas, para além do culto à "tradição gaúcha", são também amparados e articulados pela mobilização de emoções, de sentimentos e de religiosidades, por relações de parentesco e de afeto e, ainda, pela disposição em participar de atividades competitivas e artísticas nas quais é possível desafiar limites do corpo, adquirir prestígio e ser não somente "gaúcho", mas também "artista" e/ou "dançarino". Palavras-chave: Centros de Tradições Gaúchas (CTGs); tradicionalismo gaúcho; tradição; competições; espetacularização.
Abstract: This dissertation is based on an ethnographic study realized in a "Gaucho Tradition Center (CTG)" located in Colombo, metropolitan region of Curitiba-Paraná. Accompanying their everyday activities, I tried to understand what does this CTG and what are the relationships established between its regulars. A closer observation of the rehearsals and activities of one of its dance groups suggested that the artistic competitions between different CTG’s, organized and promoted by the "Gaucho Traditionalist Movement", stimulate groups to produce shows of dances that are both traditional and innovative. Searching for differentiation, the groups engage creatively in the production of research on historical topics that will sustain their shows, and about which garments, objects and behaviors will make their dance presentations. The observation of the development of one of these performances revealed a ceaseless debate in which produce different ways of inventing the past. Through this debate, new elements, qualities, senses and attributes begin to compose the categories "gaucho" and "traditional". I argue, before it, that the "gaucho tradition" is a result of the relationships established between many actors: members of different CTG’s, professional instructors of gaucho dances, regulatory institutions of the competitions, and many things such as books, manuals, clothing and musical instruments. At the same time, this research pursue to show how the bond of many regulars of the CTG and their intense dedication to the activities conducted there, beyond the cult of "gaucho tradition" are also supported and articulated by the mobilization of emotions, feelings and religiosity, by kinship and relations of affection, and also for their willingness to participate in competitive and artistic activities in which it is possible to challenge the limits of the body, acquire prestige and be not only "gaucho", but also "artist" and/or "dancer". Keywords: Gaucho Tradition Centers (CTG’s); gaucho traditionalism; tradition; competitions; spectacularization.
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Guiraud-Dogan, Céline. "Le triplet CTG instable impliqué dans la dystrophie myotonique de Steinert : un "serial" acteur imprévisible." Paris 7, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA077144.
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La dystrophie myotonique de Steinert est une pathologie multisystémique complexe due à la présence de l'amplification de triplets CTG instables dans la région 3' transcrite mais non traduite du gène de la « dystrophy myotonicprotein kinase ». La séquestration nucléaire des ARNm porteurs des expansions affecte le métabolisme des autres ARNm de la cellule. Le laboratoire a créé un modèle murin à partir d'un large fragment génomique clone chez les patients contenant le gène humain porteur d'un nombre normal (20 CTG) ou d'un nombre pathologique de répétitions CTG (300 CTG). Les souris mutées présentent une instabilité des triplets et une rétention nucléaire des ARNm DMPK mutés dans le muscle avec une myopathie myotonique. Le transgène s'exprimant avec un profil similaire celui du gène humain, nous avons décidé d'étudier des organes difficilement accessibles chez l'homme afin d'identifier les voies biochimiques altérées par la mutation. J'ai d'abord évalué l'importance que pouvaient avoir les défauts de signalisation de l'insuline dans la physiopathogénèse. L'expression relative des isoformes du récepteur à l'insuline chez les souris mutées est perturbée dans tous les tissus « insulinosensibles » et est associée à un métabolisme du glucose anormal suggérant que le rôle de l'insuline est pivot dans les troubles métaboliques de la maladie. Parallèlement, j'ai entamé une exploration du cerveau des souris mutées pour comprendre à long terme la neuropathogénèse de la maladie. Les premières analyses montrent que les ARNm DMPKmutés sont séquestrés dans les mêmes régions cérébrales que les patients et que certaines structures nerveuses seraient plus affectées par la mutationMyotonic dystrophy is a dominant autosomal multisystemic disorder caused by the expansion of an unstable CTG trinucleotide repeat in the 3' untranslated région of thé "Myotonic dystrophy protein gene. Nuclear accumulation of the enlarged CUG-containing transcripts has a deleterious effect on the regulation of alternative splicing of some RNAs and has a central role in causing the symptoms of die pathology. Our laboratory generated transgenic mice carrying large human genomic sequences with normal (20 CTG) or pathologic number of CTG repeats (300 CTG). Mice expressing CUG expansions present CTG instability and develop myotonia and myopadiy, consistent with a RNA gain of fonction. According to the conserved human gene expression pattern in our model, we decided to study unavailable tissues in human in order to assess the consequences of the mutation at die molecular levels and identify the affected metabolic pathways. I, first, focused on the importance of insulin response defects in physiopathogenesis of the disease. Mice carrying unlarged CUG repeats displayed a tissue- and age-dependent abnormal regulation of Insulin receptor isoforms expression in all the insulin-responsive tissues that I investigated and present an abnormal glucose metabolism. Insulin may have a pivotal role in metabolic symptoms of the pathology. In parallel, I began to investigate RNA-mediated neuronal dysfonction in mutated mice. As in patients, triplet repeat expansion results in a similar pattern of region-specific RNA sequestration into ribonuclear foci suggesting that these brain areas are more affected by the mutation
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Oliveira, Anelise Martinelli Borges de [UNESP]. "Leituras, valores e comportamentos: práticas escolares no Colégio Tiradentes da Polícia Militar de Uberaba-MG." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/150142.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
Esta tese analisa as práticas escolares existentes no Colégio Tiradentes da Polícia Militar de Uberaba-MG (CTPM-Uberaba). Foi realizada uma pesquisa qualitativa, tendo como fontes entrevistas e documentos da escola, por entender esses instrumentos como fundamentais para a compreensão das práticas escolares. Procurou-se “identificar o modo como em diferentes lugares e momentos uma determinada realidade social é construída, pensada, dada a ler”, atentando para a compreensão da produção dos objetos culturais, bem como dos sujeitos produtores e receptores dessa cultura (CHARTIER, 1990, p. 16-17). A pesquisa constatou que a incorporação de algumas normas pelos sujeitos da referida escola, e a tradução delas em códigos comportamentais – como, por exemplo, a marcha militar, a exaltação dos Símbolos Nacionais e o uniforme escolar similar ao das corporações militares –, confere àquele espaço uma identidade própria, cuja especificidade se faz legítima e é entendida, sobretudo pelos agentes produtores de tais singularidades (no caso os militares), como “necessária”. No entanto, com o exame das práticas de leitura, a análise dos projetos pedagógicos desenvolvidos no colégio, a utilização da biblioteca e a escolha, pelos professores, do que deve ser lido, foi possível constatar certa semelhança com as práticas reveladas em algumas escolas não militares, como já estudado em outras pesquisas, onde a leitura aparece, não raras vezes para o aluno, como um processo instrumental de decodificação e destituído de sentido. Ao esclarecer sobre as práticas escolares no CTPM-Uberaba, a tese pretendeu contribuir com o entendimento do que se denomina cultura escolar.
This thesis analyzes the existing school practices in the Tiradentes Military School of the Military Police in Uberaba, Minas Gerais (CTPM-Uberaba). A qualitative research was conducted using interviews and school records, both of which were considered fundamental for the understanding of school practices. The aim of the study was to "identify how, in different places and at different moments, a given social reality is constructed, thought, read", focusing on the understanding of the production of cultural objects, as well as of the producing and receiving subjects of that culture (CHARTIER, 1990, p. 16-17). The research found that the incorporation of some norms by the subjects of Tiradentes School and their translation into behavioral codes - such as military marching, exaltation of National Symbols and school uniforms similar to that of military corporations - grant an institutional identity whose specificity becomes legitimate and is understood as "necessary" especially by the producers of such singularities (in the case of the military). However, when analysing reading practices and the pedagogical projects developed at the School, such as the use of the library and the teachers’ choice of what should be read, it was possible to observe a certain similarity to the non military school practices, as already studied in other studies, where reading appears, not rarely, as an instrumental process of decoding and devoid of meaning. By clarifying the school practices at the CTPM-Uberaba, the study intends to contribute to the understanding of what is called School Culture.
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Légaré, Cecilia. "Déterminants génétiques et épigénétiques de la variabilité phénotypique de la dystrophie myotonique de type 1." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/11602.
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La dystrophie myotonique de type 1 (DM1) est une maladie à transmission autosomale dominante causée par une répétition trinucléotidique CTG située dans la région 3’ non-traduite du gène dystrophia myotonica protein kinase (DMPK). La prévalence mondiale de la DM1 est de 8,26 personnes atteintes par 100 000 habitants : celle-ci est presque 20 fois plus importante au Saguenay-Lac-St-Jean en raison d’un effet fondateur. La présentation clinique de la DM1 peut comprendre divers symptômes dont de la faiblesse musculaire, de la myotonie, des cataractes, de l’insuffisance respiratoire, de l’arythmie cardiaque, de l’hypersomnolence et des troubles cognitifs et endocriniens. Par ailleurs, une grande variation dans la présence et la sévérité de ces symptômes est observée chez les patients et celle-ci n’est qu’en partie expliquée par la longueur des répétitions CTG. Plusieurs mécanismes pourraient expliquer la variabilité inexpliquée dont les défauts d’épissage, la mauvaise régulation des facteurs de transcription, la traduction non-ATG associée aux répétitions et les modifications épigénétiques, en particulier la méthylation de l’ADN. L’objectif de ce projet était donc d’évaluer l’impact de la méthylation de l’ADN au locus DMPK sur la variabilité phénotypique des patients atteints de DM1. Nous rapportons que la méthylation de l’ADN mesurée en amont et en aval de la répétition CTG est respectivement corrélée négativement et positivement avec la longueur de la répétition CTG. La présence d’une interruption de la répétition est associée à un niveau plus élevé de méthylation de l’ADN. À l’aide de modèles de régression linéaire multiple, nous démontrons que la méthylation de l’ADN contribue significativement et indépendamment de la longueur des répétitions CTG, à expliquer la variabilité́ de la force des dorsifléchisseurs de la cheville, de la force de préhension, de la force des pinces, de la capacité́ vitale forcée, du débit expiratoire de pointe, de la pression expiratoire et inspiratoire maximale. La méthylation de l’ADN explique une fraction de la variabilité phénotypique en DM1 et en association avec la longueur de la répétition CTG pourrait aider à améliorer la prédiction de la progression de la maladie chez ces patients.Abstract : Myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1) is an autosomal dominant disorder caused by a CTG repeat extension in the 3’ untranslated region of the dystrophia myotonica protein kinase (DMPK) gene. Worldwide, the prevalence of DM1 is 8.26 affected persons per 100 000 persons, but it goes up to 158 affected persons per 100 000 in the Saguenay-Lac-St-Jean region of the province of Quebec (Canada) due to a founder effect. Clinical presentation includes muscular weakness, myotonia, cataracts, respiratory insufficiency, cardiac arrhythmia, hypersomnolence and endocrine and cognitive problems. There is a large variability in the presence and severity of these symptoms that is only partially explained by the CTG repeat length. Many mechanisms such as splicing defects, impaired regulation of transcription factors, repeat-associated non-ATG translation and epigenetic modifications, including DNA methylation, may explain this variability. The objective of this study was to assess the impacts of DNA methylation measured at the DMPK gene locus on phenotypic variability in DM1. We report that DNA methylation upstream of the repeat was negatively correlated with CTG repeat length whereas downstream DNA methylation was positively correlated. The presence of a variant repeat within the CTG repeat was associated with a higher level of DNA methylation. Linear multiple regression models support that DNA methylation contributes significantly and independently of the CTG repeat length to the variability of the ankle dorsiflexor, grip and pinch strengths, as well as forced vital capacity, peak expiratory flow and maximal inspiratory and expiratory pressures. DNA methylation could thus explain part of the phenotypic variability in DM1 and, together with CTG repeat length, could help improve the prediction of the progression of the disease.
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Monferrer, Sales Lidón. "Un modelo en Drosophila del mecanismo de patogénesis de las expansiones ctg en la distrofia miotónica." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de València, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/9932.
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La distrofia miotónica tipo 1 (DM1) es una enfermedad neuromuscular que se debe auna expansión de repeticiones CTG inestables en la región 3' no traducida del genproteína kinasa de la DM (DMPK). La DM1 se caracteriza por la miotonía y distrofiamuscular que muestran los pacientes, los cuales también presentan cataratas,arritmias cardiacas y alteraciones neuropatológicas. A nivel bioquímico muestrandefectos en el procesado alternativo de pre-mRNAs específicos lo cual explica algunossíntomas definitorios de la DM1. El mecanismo de patogénesis se debe a la toxicidadde los RNAs con expansiones CUG para la célula. Varias proteínas de unión a RNA,como las proteínas humanas Muscleblind-like MBNL1-3 son secuestradas por lostranscritos mutantes DMPK. Las proteínas MBNL colocalizan con los foci ribonuclearesCUG dentro de los núcleos de músculo y neuronas de pacientes DM1. Existendefectos asociados a DM1 en ratones knockout para Mbnl1 y en moscas mutantesmuscleblind. Nos propusimos generar un modelo en Drosophila de la DM1 paraentender su mecanismo molecular y celular. En primer lugar comprobamos que lasproteínas Muscleblind de Drosophila y la humana MBNL1 eran homólogos funcionales.Un modelo basado en secuestrar la proteína Muscleblind endógena con RNAsportadores de repeticiones CUG sólo sería relevante desde el punto de vistabiomédico si la proteína de Drosophila y la humana realizan funciones equivalentes.Una vez demostrada la conservación funcional entre ambas proteínas mediante elrescate del fenotipo mutante muscleblind expresando la proteína humana, generamosmoscas transgénicas capaces de expresar 60 y 480 repeticiones CUG en un transcritono codificante bajo el control del sistema GAL4/UAS. Detectamos que los RNAs de480 repeticiones CUG formaban inclusiones nucleares y que Muscleblind erasecuestrada por estos transcritos tal y como ocurre en pacientes DM1. La expresiónde RNAs (CUG)480 en músculo mostró una reducción dependiente de la edad en eltamaño de la fibra de los músculos indirectos del vuelo y un aumento en el número devacuolas. Analizamos el patrón de procesado de la α-actinina, un gen muscular, enmoscas que expresan RNAs (CUG)480 y se observó una alteración en los niveles deisoformas. En pacientes también se ha descrito una degeneración en las células de laretina y una pérdida en las neuronas fotorreceptoras. Analizamos la retina de lasmoscas modelo que expresaban RNAs (CUG)480 en el disco de ojo-antena y mostraronalteraciones en la adhesión de las células subretinales y la falta de los rabdómeros delos fotorreceptores. Externamente mostraban un fenotipo de ojo rugoso y ligeramentemás pequeño que utilizamos para comprobar mediante una combinación alélica depérdida de función de muscleblind que las repeticiones CUG estaban interfiriendogenéticamente con la función de este gen. Realizamos una búsqueda demodificadores dominantes con este fenotipo ojo rugoso para identificar genespotencialmente relacionados con el mecanismo de patogénesis de la enfermedad.Identificamos los genes viking y thread entre otros como modificadores y losagrupamos en cinco categorías en función del proceso celular en el que estuvieranactuando; factores de transcripción reguladores, reguladores de la estructura de lacromatina, adhesión celular, apoptosis y metabolismo del RNA. Finalmentecomprobamos in vivo si los RNAs CUG podían ser una fuente de siRNA o miRNAs. Laexpresión de estos RNAs de doble cadena incrementaron los niveles de transcritos demuscleblind por un mecanismo desconocido. En resumen, hemos demostrado queestas moscas reproducen aspectos de la enfermedad humana DM1 y puedenutilizarse para el estudio de la misma.Myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1) is a neuromuscular disease involving the expansionof unstable CTG repeats in the 3´ untranslated region of the DM protein kinase (DMPK)gene. DM1 is multisystemic and characteristic features include myotonia, musculardystrophy, cardiac arrhythmias, and neuropathology. A biochemical hallmark of DM1 ismisregulated alternative splicing of specific skeletal muscle, heart and brain premRNAs.In mice, expression of 250 CUG repeats within a heterologous RNA gives riseto DM1-like phenotypes demonstrating that expanded CUG repeat transcripts are toxicto cells. RNA binding proteins, most notably human Muscleblind-like proteins MBNL1-3are sequestered by mutant DMPK transcripts. MBNL proteins co-localize with CUGribonuclear foci within muscle and neuron nuclei in DM1 patients. DM1-associateddefects are remarkably similar to those observed in Mbnl1 knockout mice andmuscleblind mutations in Drosophila provide additional examples of DM1-likealterations. To understand this toxic RNA gain-of-function mechanism we developed aDrosophila model expressing 60 and 480 CUG repeats in the context of a nontranslatableRNA. Previously, we showed that MBNL1 rescues a muscleblind loss-offunctionphenotype, thus demonstrating functional conservation. CUG-expressing fliesreproduced aspects of the DM1 pathology, including nuclear accumulation of CUGtranscripts, dystrophic muscles that degenerate with age, splicing misregulation, andreduced Muscleblind activity (evident from the enhancement of CUG-inducedphenotypes by a decrease in muscleblind dose). Targeted expression of CUG repeatsto the developing eye was toxic originating eyes externally rough and smaller thannormal. This phenotype was utilized to identify 15 genetic modifiers. These includedviking and thread, which suggest cellular processes previously unknown to be alteredby CUG repeat RNA such as cell adhesion, programmed cell death, nuclear-cytoplasmexport complex ECJ, and chromatin remodelling. We also explored the possibility thatCUG repeat RNA could be a source of small interfering RNAs, thus silencingtranscripts containing complementary sequences such as muscleblind transcriptthemselves. Surprisingly, we detected an increase of muscleblind mRNA in CUGexpressingflies. To sum up, here we describe Drosophila flies that reproduce aspectsof the human disease DM1 and that can find application in the study of DM1.
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Gilbert, Martine. "Effet du dopage sur la caractéristrique CTP de céramiques conductrices à base de titanate de baryum." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/212929.
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Heron, Andrew John. "Stored curvature elastic stress in lipid membranes and its effect upon the activity of CTP : phospocholine cytidylyltransferase." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.427964.
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Kopp, Inga-Katharina [Verfasser], and Ulrike [Akademischer Betreuer] Wedegärtner. "CTG-getriggerte fetale Herzbildgebung beim Schaf mittels MRT : eine experimentelle Studie / Inga-Katharina Kopp. Betreuer: Ulrike Wedegärtner." Hamburg : Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Hamburg, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1060484641/34.
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Davis, Brigid Michele 1967. "DMPK and myotonic dystrophy : effects of CTG trinucleotide expansion upon DMPK and their contribution to DM pathogenesis." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/49633.
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Jackson, Adam. "Effect of helicases on the instability of CTG・CAG trinucleotide repeat arrays in the escherichia coli chromosome." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/4782.
Full textAbstract:
A trinucleotide repeat (TNR) is a 3 base pair (bp) DNA sequence tandemly repeated in an array. In humans, TNR sequences have been found to be associated with at least 14 severe neurological diseases including Huntington disease, myotonic dystrophy and several of the spinocerebellar ataxias. Such diseases are caused by an expansion of the repeat sequence beyond a threshold length and are characterized by non-Mendelian patterns of inheritance which lead to genetic anticipation. Although the mechanism of the genetic instability in these arrays is not yet fully understood, various models have been suggested based on the in vitro observation that TNR sequences can form secondary structures such as pseudo-hairpins. In order to investigate the mechanisms responsible for instability of TNR sequences, a study was carried out on Escherichia coli cells in which TNR arrays had been integrated into the chromosomal lacZ gene. This genetic assay was used to identify proteins and pathways involved in deletion and/or expansion instability. Deletion instability was clearly dependent on orientation of the TNR sequence relative to the origin of replication. Interestingly, it was found that expansion instability is not dependent on the orientation of the repeat array relative to the origin of replication. The replication fork reversal pathway and the RecFOR mediated gap repair pathway were found to have no statistically significant influence on the instability of TNR arrays. However, the protein UvrD was found to affect the deletion instability of TNR sequences. The roles of key helicase genes were investigated for their effects on instability of chromosomal CTG•CAG repeats. Mutation of the rep gene increased deletion in the CTG leading-strand orientation of the repeat array, and expansion in both orientations - destabilizing the TNR array. RecQ helicase was found to have a significant effect on TNR instability in the orientation in which CAG repeats were present on the leading-strand relative to the origin of replication. Mutation of the recQ gene severely limited the number of expansion events in this orientation, whilst having no effect on deletions. This dependence of expansions on RecQ was lost in a rep mutant strain. In a rep mutant expansions were shown to be partially dependent on the DinG helicase. All together, these results suggest a model of TNR instability in which expansions are due to events occurring at either the leading or lagging strand of an arrested replication fork, facilitated by helicase action. The identity of the helicase implicated is determined by the nature of the arrest.
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Tomé, Stéphanie. "Instabilité des triplets répétés CTG dans la dystrophie myotonique de Steinert : rôle des protéines MSH2 et MSH3." Paris 7, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA077086.
Full textAbstract:
La dystrophie myotonique de Steinert (DM1) est une maladie neuromusculaire qui se caractérise par une amplification anormale de triplets CTG dans la région 3'UTR du gène DMPK. Dans la population normale, la taille des CTG est inférieure à 37 et reste stable au cours des générations. En revanche, chez le patient DM1, la taille des répétitions est supérieure à 50 CTG, augmente au cours des générations (instabilité intergénérationnelle) et au sein des tissus (instabilité somatique). Le laboratoire a crée un modèle murin à partir d'un fragment d'ADN humain contenant le locus DMPK avec plus de 300 répétitions et ses séquences environnantes pour étudier les mécanismes d'instabilité des CTG dans la DM1. Ce modèle est le seul à reproduire, à la fois une instabilité intergénérationnelle et somatique similaire à celle observée chez les patients. Ces souris nous ont permis d'identifier, in vivo, deux gènes responsables de l'instabilité des triplets CTG Msh2 et Msh3. Ces deux protéines interviennent dans la réparation de l'ADN en utilisant différents modes opératoires. L'objectif de ma thèse a été de préciser le mode d'action, inconnu à ce jour, de MSH2 et MSH3 dans l'instabilité des CTG. J'ai ainsi montré que l'activité ATPase de MSH2 est nécessaire pour faciliter la formation des expansions et que la seule fixation de MSH2 sur les CTG semble ne pas être suffisante pour générer ces mêmes expansions. Par ailleurs, j'ai constaté qu'une surexpression de MSH3 d'au moins 5 fois n'est pas suffisante pour perturber l'instabilité dans certains tissus. Mes travaux de thèse ont permis une avancée majeure dans la compréhension des mécanismes d'instabilité des triplets répétés dans la DM1Myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1) is the most frequent neuroniuscular disorder amongst adult patients. DM1 results from the abnormal expansion of an unstable CTG repeat located in the 3'UTR of DMPK gene. In normal population, the number of CTG repeats varies from 5 to -30 repeats and is stably transmitted across generations. In contrast, CTG repeats are expanded from 50 up to several thousand CTG triplets in patients. Once into the disease associated range, repeat tracts become highly unstable towards generation and in tissues from DM1 patients. To dissect the molecular mechanisms underlying triplet repeat instability, the laboratory lies developed transgenic mouse model of the DMPK gens carrying more than 300 CTG repeats, as well as large flanking sequence, Strikingly, These mice reproduce the high intergenerational and somatic instability observed in DM1 family. We have previously established that MSH2 and MSH3 are the major players in the formation of CTG repeat expansions in DM1 mice. However, the mechanism of CTG instability involving MMR proteins is unknown. Therefore, I undertook to accurately define the function of the MSH2-MSH3 complex on CTG instability. I demonstrated that a functional ATPase domain of MSH2 is necessary for the formation of expansions and that the binding activity of MSH2 is not sufficient. I also showed that MSH3 overexpression of at least by 5 times seems to be insufficient to destabilize the CTG instability towards expansions in our DM1 mice. This research project provided a better understanding of the mode action of the complex MSH2-MSH3 which is an interesting target for therapeutic approaches
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Goodman, Caitlin Elizabeth. "A Novel Method to Analyze DNA Breaks and Repair in Human Cells." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1525086265360859.
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Blix, Ellen. "INNKOMST-CTG. En vurdering av testens prediktive verdier, reliabilitet og effekt : Betydning for jordmødre i deres daglige arbeid." Doctoral thesis, Nordic School of Public Health NHV, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:norden:org:diva-3393.
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Fortune, Maria Teresa. "Developmental timing and the role of cis and trans acting modifiers on CTG repeat instability in murine models." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.341709.
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