Relevant bibliographies by topics / Cubense

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Academic literature on the topic 'Cubense'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Cubense"

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Fourie, Gerda, E. T. Steenkamp, T. R. Gordon, and A. Viljoen. "Evolutionary Relationships among the Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense Vegetative Compatibility Groups." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 75, no. 14 (May 29, 2009): 4770–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.00370-09.

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ABSTRACT Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense, the causal agent of fusarium wilt of banana (Musa spp.), is one of the most destructive strains of the vascular wilt fungus F. oxysporum. Genetic relatedness among and within vegetative compatibility groups (VCGs) of F. oxysporum f. sp. cubense was studied by sequencing two nuclear and two mitochondrial DNA regions in a collection of 70 F. oxysporum isolates that include representatives of 20 VCGs of F. oxysporum f. sp. cubense, other formae speciales, and nonpathogens. To determine the ability of F. oxysporum f. sp. cubense to sexually recombine, crosses were made between isolates of opposite mating types. Phylogenetic analysis separated the F. oxysporum isolates into two clades and eight lineages. Phylogenetic relationships between F. oxysporum f. sp. cubense and other formae speciales of F. oxysporum and the relationships among VCGs and races of F. oxysporum f. sp. cubense clearly showed that F. oxysporum f. sp. cubense's ability to cause disease on banana has emerged multiple times, independently, and that the ability to cause disease to a specific banana cultivar is also a polyphyletic trait. These analyses further suggest that both coevolution with the host and horizontal gene transfer may have played important roles in the evolutionary history of the pathogen. All examined isolates harbored one of the two mating-type idiomorphs, but never both, which suggests a heterothallic mating system should sexual reproduction occur. Although, no sexual structures were observed, some lineages of F. oxysporum f. sp. cubense harbored MAT-1 and MAT-2 isolates, suggesting a potential that these lineages have a sexual origin that might be more recent than initially anticipated.
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Yun, Yingzi, Aixia Song, JianDong Bao, Shasha Chen, Songmao Lu, Chunzhen Cheng, Wenhui Zheng, Zonghua Wang, and Liangsheng Zhang. "Genome Data of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense Race 1 and Tropical Race 4 Isolates Using Long-Read Sequencing." Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions® 32, no. 10 (October 2019): 1270–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/mpmi-03-19-0063-a.

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Fusarium wilt of banana is caused by the soilborne fungal pathogen Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense. We generated two chromosome-level assemblies of F. oxysporum f. sp. cubense race 1 and tropical race 4 strains using single-molecule real-time sequencing. The F. oxysporum f. sp. cubense race 1 and tropical race 4 assemblies had 35 and 29 contigs with contig N50 lengths of 2.08 and 4.28 Mb, respectively. These two new references genomes represent a greater than 100-fold improvement over the contig N50 statistics of the previous short-read-based F. oxysporum f. sp. cubense assemblies. The two high-quality assemblies reported here will be a valuable resource for the comparative analysis of F. oxysporum f. sp. cubense races at the pathogenic level.
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Nguyen, T. V., L. T. T. Tran-Nguyen, C. L. Wright, P. Trevorrow, and K. Grice. "Evaluation of the Efficacy of Commercial Disinfectants Against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense Race 1 and Tropical Race 4 Propagules." Plant Disease 103, no. 4 (April 2019): 721–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-03-18-0453-re.

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Panama disease caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense has devastated banana production worldwide. This work aimed to determine effective disinfectants against two races of F. oxysporum f. sp. cubense, race 1 and tropical race 4 (TR4), for implementation with on-farm biosecurity procedures against this disease following the outbreak of TR4 in North Queensland in 2015. A total of 32 commercial disinfectants were screened and their activity was assessed after ≤30 s, 5 min, 30 min, and 24 h of contact with an F. oxysporum f. sp. cubense suspension containing 105 chlamydospores/ml without and with soil added (0.05 g/ml). Of the disinfectants tested, the quaternary ammonium compounds containing ≥10% active ingredient were found to be the most effective against both F. oxysporum f. sp. cubense races. These products, when used at a 1:100 dilution, completely inhibited the survival of all F. oxysporum f. sp. cubense propagules across all the contact times regardless of the absence or presence of soil. The bioflavonoid product EvoTech 213 and bleach (10% sodium hypochlorite) used at a 1:10 dilution also eliminated all F. oxysporum f. sp. cubense propagules across all the contact times. None of the detergent-based or miscellaneous products tested were completely effective against both F. oxysporum f. sp. cubense races even used at a 1:10 dilution. Soil decreases the efficacy of disinfectants and therefore must be removed from contaminated items before treatments are applied.
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Li, Wenbin, Chunqiang Li, Jianbo Sun, and Ming Peng. "Metabolomic, Biochemical, and Gene Expression Analyses Reveal the Underlying Responses of Resistant and Susceptible Banana Species during Early Infection with Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense." Plant Disease 101, no. 4 (April 2017): 534–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-09-16-1245-re.

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Banana (Musa spp.) is an important staple and economic fruit crop, especially in Africa, Southeast Asia, and Latin America. The wilt disease caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense, especially F. oxysporum f. sp. cubense strain TR4, is disastrous for banana production. Banana plants infected by F. oxysporum f. sp. cubense TR4 gradually die from leaf blight or vascular rot. There is no efficient method to control this disease, and the underlying response of banana plants to F. oxysporum f. sp. cubense remains unknown. In this study, the responses of an economically important banana cultivar, the F. oxysporum f. sp. cubense-susceptible ‘BX’, and a wild banana relative, the F. oxysporum f. sp. cubense-resistant Musa yunnanensis (‘YN’), to F. oxysporum f. sp. cubense infection were investigated using metabolomic, biochemical, and molecular biological methods. Numerous metabolomic compounds, including defense-responsive signaling molecules, phytohormones, phenolics, and antioxidants, were identified through metabolomic analysis. Changes in salicylic acid (SA), methyl-jasmonic acid, abscisic acid (ABA), cytokinin, 3-indoleacetic acid, gibberellic acid, and total phenolic levels were detected using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and the Folin-Ciocalteu method. The expression levels of genes involved in the biosynthesis of some defense-responsive compounds were studied through quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. The results revealed that the resistant YN had a larger change in SA content and a lower ABA level throughout the early infection period, compared with the levels in BX. The susceptible BX had a lower phenolic content. The resistant YN also expressed pathogenesis-related (PR) genes, especially PR1, PR4, PR5-1, and PDF2.2, at higher levels than the susceptible BX. These dynamic metabolic and gene-expression profiles from susceptible and resistant banana during the early stage of F. oxysporum f. sp. cubense infection increase our understanding of the complex interaction response between this crop and its pathogen.
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Sari, Widya, Suryo Wiyono, Ali Nurmansyah, Abdul Munif, and Roedhy Poerwanto. "Keanekaragaman dan Patogenisitas Fusarium spp. Asal Beberapa Kultivar Pisang." Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia 13, no. 6 (June 26, 2018): 216. http://dx.doi.org/10.14692/jfi.13.6.216.

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Fusarium wilt disease caused by pathogenic fungus F. oxysporum f. sp. cubense is an important disease in banana plants. This research was aimed to identifiy Fusarium spp. collected from banana plants showing wilt disease based on morphology and molecular characters. The fungi isolates obtained was further examined for its pathogenicity and distribution in various parts of banana plants. Based on morphological characters, i.e. growth rate, total conidia, colony color, macroconidium, microconidium, and chlamydospores, F. oxysporum f. sp. cubense can be differentiated from other species of Fusarium, but not the strain. Molecular analysis using specific primers VCG 01213/16 and Foc1/Foc 2 successfully identified 13 and 7 isolates of F. oxysporum f. sp. cubense TR4 and F. oxysporum f. sp. cubense non TR4, respectively. Analysis using universal primer ITS4/ITS5 identified 7 isolates of F. solani, 1 isolate of F. verticillioides, and 2 isolates non Fusarium. Infection of F. oxysporum f. sp. cubense TR4 and non-TR4 were found mostly in pseudo stems, whereas F. solani and F. verticillioides dominantly colonized banana corm. Pathogenicity test showed that F. oxysporum f. sp. cubense TR4 and non-TR4 caused necrosis on corm of cv. Ambon Kuning. Similar necrosis symptom was also observed on infection of F. solani but with less severity.
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PURWANTI, PURWANTI, SURANTO SURANTO, and RATNA SETYANINGSIH. "Potential inhibition of essential oils and crude extract of Zingiber species to the growth of Fusarium oxysporum Schlecht f.sp. cubense." Biofarmasi Journal of Natural Product Biochemistry 1, no. 2 (August 4, 2003): 58–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.13057/biofar/f010204.

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The aims of this research were (1) to investigate the potency of essential oil and crude extract of rhizome lempuyang pahit (Zingiber amaricans Vahl.), lempuyang gajah (Zingiber zerumbet L.) and lempuyang wangi (Zingiber aromaticum L.) in preventing growth of F. oxysporum f.sp. cubense (2) to determine the proper concentration of essential oil and crude extract in preventing the growth of F. oxysporum f.sp. cubense. Essential oil of rhizome Zingiber spp. was separated by Stahl destilation with methanol solvent. Crude extract was made by soaking the powder of Zingiber spp. in methanol absolute and then filtered by paper disk. Several compounds of rhizome Z. amaricans Vahl. were analysed by GC-MS. Potential inhibition of essential oil and crude extract were examined using disk diffusion method at concentration of 1%, 10%, and 100% respectively, while methanol absolute was used as control and Benlate fungicide was used for comparison. The result showed that essential oil and crude extract of Z. amaricans Vahl. and Z. zerumbet L. were able to inhibit the growth of F. oxysporum f.sp. cubense. Essential oil Z. amaricans Vahl. were also able to inhibit the growth of F. oxysporum f.sp. cubense at lowest concentration of 1% while the Z. zerumbet L. at concentration 10%. Crude extract Z. amaricans Vahl. and Z. zerumbet L. were able to prevent the growth of F. oxysporum f.sp. cubense even at concentration of 100%.
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Anggraini, Selviana, Jumsu Trisno, and Tizelia Tizelia. "POTENSI RIZOBAKTERI INDIGENUS SEBAGAI AGENS BIOKONTROL JAMUR FUSARIUM OXYSPORUM F. SP. CUBENSE PENYEBAB PENYAKIT LAYU TANAMAN PISANG." Jurnal Agroteknologi dan Pertanian (JURAGAN) 1, no. 1 (September 30, 2020): 8–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.32767/juragan.v1i1.25.

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The use of rhizobacteria is an alternative control in suppressing plant disease attacks. The purpose of this study was to obtain indigenous rhizobacteria which have the potential as antagonist agents of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense. Sampling was carried out randomly selected on endemic lands. Isolation of rhizobacteria using serial dilution method and its antagonist test against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense uses the dual culture method. The isolation results from 3 banana cultivars (kepok, raja sere, and mas) obtained 24 rhizobacterial isolates with different morphological and physiological characters. The antagonist test results showed that 8 rhizobacterial isolates were able to suppress the growth of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense and is not plant pathogenic.
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Ploetz, R. C. "Variability in Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense." Canadian Journal of Botany 68, no. 6 (June 1, 1990): 1357–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b90-173.

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A worldwide collection of 96 isolates of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense (incitant of fusarial wilt of banana or Panama disease) from 12 countries was used to assess population structure in the pathogen; isolates were diverse for vegetative compatibility (11 vegetative compatibility groups) and race-specific virulence (races 1, 2, and 4). Rates of radial growth on potato dextrose agar differed at temperatures ranging from 8–36 °C for isolates in different VCGs and races (P < 0.05). On a KClO3-amended medium used to generate nitrate-nonutilizing (nit) mutants, variability in chlorate (a toxic analog of nitrate) sensitivity and the time required before nit mutants arose on the medium (mutability) was related primarily to vegetative compatibility group. In addition, cultural morphology on modified Komada's medium and potato dextrose agar was related primarily to vegetative compatibility group, whereas race was not as consistently related to these traits. In studies on the population biology and diversity in F. oxysporum f.sp. cubense, vegetative compatibility was a more useful character than race. On the basis of these results, it is suggested that F. oxysporum f.sp. cubense has had diverse origins.
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Querino, César M. B., Delson Laranjeira, Rildo S. B. Coelho, and Aristóteles P. de Matos. "Efeito de dois indutores de resistência sobre a severidade do mal-do-Panamá." Fitopatologia Brasileira 30, no. 3 (June 2005): 239–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-41582005000300004.

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O mal-do-Panamá, causado por Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense, é um fator limitante à cultura da bananeira (Musa spp.). A medida de controle mais eficiente para essa doença é o cultivo de variedades resistentes. A resistência induzida constitui alternativa a ser avaliada nesse patossistema. Avaliou-se o efeito indutor de resistência de acibenzolar-S-metil (ASM) e ácido DL-b-amino-n-butírico (BABA) sobre germinação e crescimento micelial de F. oxysporum f. sp. cubense in vitro nas dosagens 0; 0,050; 0,100; 0,150; 0,200; 0,250 e 0,500 mg.ml-1 e 0; 0,525; 1,050; 1,575; 2,100; 2,625 e 3,150 mg.ml-1, respectivamente, utilizando-se F. oxysporum f. sp. cubense na concentração 1 x 10³ conídios.ml-1. Os ASM e BABA foram pulverizados nas dosagens 0; 0,050; 0,100; 0,150; 0,200; 0,250 mg.ml-1 e 0; 0,525; 1,050; 1,575; 2,100; 2,625 mg.ml-1, respectivamente, sobre bananeiras 'Maçã' e 'Grande Naine' micropropagadas, mantidas em casa de vegetação. As raízes foram inoculadas por imersão em suspensão de F. oxysporum f. sp. cubense 1 x 10³ conídios.ml-1, quatro, seis e oito semanas após indução. Avaliou-se a severidade da doença 20 dias após inoculação através de escala de notas. O BABA, 2,100 mg.ml-1, propiciou 35,29% de redução na severidade de doença em banana 'Maçã', aplicado quatro semanas antes da inoculação com F. oxysporum f. sp. cubense. O ASM, 0,500 mg.ml-1, inibiu a germinação de conídios in vitro. O BABA, nas dosagens testadas, não interferiu no crescimento micelial. Em 'Grande Naine', BABA, 0,525 mg.ml-1, reduziu a severidade da doença em 21,55% independente da época de inoculação. Não se constatou efeito do ASM sobre a severidade do mal-do-Panamá.
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Bentley, S., K. G. Pegg, N. Y. Moore, R. D. Davis, and I. W. Buddenhagen. "Genetic Variation Among Vegetative Compatibility Groups of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense Analyzed by DNA Fingerprinting." Phytopathology® 88, no. 12 (December 1998): 1283–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/phyto.1998.88.12.1283.

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Genetic variation within a worldwide collection of 208 isolates of Fu-sarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense, representing physiological races 1, 2, 3, and 4 and the 20 reported vegetative compatibility groups (VCGs), was analyzed using modified DNA amplification fingerprinting. Also characterized were 133 isolates that did not belong to any of the reported VCGs of F. oxysporum f. sp. cubense including race 3 isolates from a Heliconia species and isolates from a symptomatic wild banana species growing in the jungle in peninsular Malaysia. The DNA fingerprint patterns were generally VCG specific, irrespective of geographic or host origin. A total of 33 different genotypes were identified within F. oxysporum f. sp. cu-bense; 19 genotypes were distinguished among the isolates that belonged to the 20 reported VCGs, and 14 new genotypes were identified among the isolates that did not belong to any of the existing VCGs. DNA fingerprinting analysis also allowed differentiation of nine clonal lineages within F. oxysporum f. sp. cubense. Five of these lineages each contained numerous closely related VCGs and genotypes, and the remaining four lineages each contained a single genotype. The genetic diversity and geographic distribution of several of these lineages of F. oxysporum f. sp. cubense suggests that they have coevolved with edible bananas and their wild diploid progenitors in Asia. DNA fingerprinting analysis of isolates from the wild pathosystem provides further evidence for the coevolution hypothesis. The genetic isolation and limited geographic distribution of four of the lineages of F. oxysporum f. sp. cubense suggests that the pathogen has also arisen independently, both within and outside of the center of origin of the host.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Cubense"

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Fourie, Gerda. "Evolutionary biology of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/29586.

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Fusarium oxysporum Schlecht. is a cosmopolitan species complex that consists of both pathogenic and non-pathogenic members. The pathogenic members are subdivided into formae speciales, based on virulence to specific host species. More than 150 formae speciales have been described, of which F. oxysporum f.sp. cubense (E.F.Smith) Snyder and Hansen (Foc), causal agent of Fusarium wilt of banana, is regarded as one of the economically most important and destructive. According to phenotypic and genotypic markers, Foc has been classified into three races and 24 vegetative compatibility groups, and can be divided into a number of clonal lineages that roughly correspond with VCG groupings. In this thesis, we investigated the evolutionary relationships among VCGs using multi-gene sequencing and MAT genotyping. A PCR-RFLP fingerprint discriminating the Foc lineages and a PCR primer that identified Foc ‘subtropical’ race 4 isolates, was developed. Nine microsatellite markers (SSRs) were applied to a global population of Foc in order to investigate diversity not always detectable using sequencing data. Phylogenetic analysis of isolates representing Foc, various other formae speciales of F. oxysporum and non-pathogenic F. oxysporum of the genes encoding the translation elongation factor-1á (TEF), the mitochondrial small subunit (MtSSU), ribosomal RNA (rRNA), the repeated region encoded on the mitochondrion (MtR) and the intergenic spacer (IGS) gene regions separated these isolates into four clades, two of which included Foc. Within these two clades, Foc separated into six lineages that broadly corresponded to VCGs, while the non-pathogenic isolates of F. oxysporum grouped together in only one of the two clades, with an unknown Foc VCG isolate. The mating type of all isolates was determined and crosses were attempted between isolates harbouring MAT-1 and MAT-2 genes, without success. Cultural, morphological and pathogenic variation among isolates of Foc was unable to identify lineages as species. The separation of Foc isolates into two clades suggested that the banana pathogen evolved during two unrelated events. Factors such as horizontal gene transfer, however, might also have played a part in the pathogen’s evolution, as was evident from the divergent placement of some VCGs and lineages within the phylogenetic trees constructed. The inclusion of other formae speciales of F. oxysporum and non-pathogenic F. oxysporum isolates illustrated the great diversity that exists within the F. oxysporum complex. The inclusion of the Foc isolate of an unknown VCG suggests that the genetic diversity of Foc might be far greater than what is known and what was revealed in this study. The opposite mating types found in the respective lineages indicate a sexual origin for the Fusarium wilt fungus that could account for its polyphyletic nature. Within South Africa, Foc ‘subtropical’ race 4 is regarded the most important constrain to banana production. Conventional control practices for Fusarium wilt of banana are ineffective, and disease management relies heavily on the use of clean planting material and the early detection and isolation of the pathogen, in order to restrict spread to unaffected areas. Identification of Foc typically involves vegetative compatibility assays and pathogenicity testing using a set of differential host cultivars. The development of a PCR-based method for the rapid and accurate identification of Foc ‘subtropical’ race 4 will, therefore, be of great importance. The lack of morphological variation between lineages of Foc, and between pathogenic and non-pathogenic members, as well as the unreliability in race identification in Foc, makes the use of molecular tools a viable alternative. Following DNA isolation, PCR and sequencing of the MtR, the DNA sequence data revealed an 8-bp insertion that was subsequently targeted for the design of a Foc ‘subtropical’ race 4-specific primer. Isolates were positively identified as Foc ‘subtropical’ race 4 with the amplification of an 800-pb fragment. The development of the Foc ‘subtropical’ race 4 primer will aid in rapid and accurate detection of the Fusarium wilt pathogen of banana. The population structure defined according to SSR data of a global population of 239 Foc isolates resembled the structure defined according to multi-gene phylogeny, with some exceptions. Measures of gene and genotypic diversity unequivocally supported the opinion that Asia is the centre of origin of Foc. The presence of unique genotypes in all geographically-defined Foc populations could potentially indicate their evolution outside the centre of origin, although this is highly unlikely. The absence of certain genotypes from the Asian population was either due to insufficient and selective sampling, or it demonstrated the effects of clonal selection in combination with adaptation to the forces of geographic isolation and environmental changes over time. The worldwide collection of Foc mostly consisted of six over represented genotypes, thereby providing support for a clonal genetic structure. It was, however, not possible to reject the hypothesis of a recombining population for the populations representing isolates of Lineage V. The implication of recombination within some Foc lineages may be due to unobserved sexual reproduction in nature or the historical association with a sexual ancestor. When one considers diversity within and among genotypes, a specific genotype was mostly associated with only one or two Foc VCGs, therefore indicating that vegetative compatibility determination, in combination with phylogenetic analyses, is a powerful tool for characterizing isolates causing Fusarium wilt of banana. Results from this study, in combination with the multi-gene phylogeny, clearly indicated the presence of unrelated lineages that most probably represent cryptic species. Copyright 2008, University of Pretoria. All rights reserved. The copyright in this work vests in the University of Pretoria. No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, without the prior written permission of the University of Pretoria. Please cite as follows: Fourie, G 2008, Evolutionary biology of Fusarium oxysporum f.s.p. cubense, MSc dissertation, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, viewed yymmdd < http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-11192008-094622/> E1216/gm
Dissertation (MSc)--University of Pretoria, 2008.
Microbiology and Plant Pathology
unrestricted
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Groenewald, Susan. "Biology, pathogenicity and diversity of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense." Pretoria : [s.n.], 2005. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-02232007-175712.

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Cortes, Blanca R. "Parasexuality and heterokaryosis in fusarium oxysporum forma specialis cubense." FIU Digital Commons, 1996. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/2717.

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Intra and Inter Vegetative Compatibility Group (VCG) heterokaryon formation was observed in Fusariurn oxysporum f.sp. cubense (Foc). Using the double-pick method to force heterokaryon formation via hyphal anastomosis, 104 pairwise combinations were done between 100 auxotrophic mutants of Foe representing races 1, 2 and 4 in five VCGs. Inter formae speciales heterokaryon formation was also observed on pairings between benomyl resistant Wild Type Testers (WTT) and wild type isolates in 15 VCGs and four different formae speciales. Microconidia analysis of heterokaryons identified both parental phenotypes as well as diploid phenotypes. Colonies with altered and hybrid genotypes were recovered from analysis of sectors from prototrophic hybrids as well as sectors with parental phenotype providing evidence of all stages of the parasexual cycle in this asexual, soilborne, phytopathogen.
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Heck, Daniel Winter [UNESP]. "Supressividade a Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense por produtos orgânicos." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/132112.

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A indução de supressividade a Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc) em bananeira por meio de produtos orgânicos foi avaliada pela incorporação ao solo, artificialmente infestado com o patógeno, de biocarvão de serragem de Eucalyptus (BC), casca de camarão (CC), composto de lodo de esgoto (LE), concha de marisco (CM), bio-óleo de casca de arroz (BA) e de serragem de Eucalyptus (BE), emulsão (EP) e hidrolisado de peixe (HP). Características químicas do solo; área abaixo da curva de progresso do índice da doença (AACPID); severidade final; descoloração interna do rizoma; respiração microbiana por meio da liberação de CO2; comunidade de F. oxysporum, fungos e bactérias totais; a inibição do crescimento micelial e da germinação de microconídios pelos extratos aquosos e pela liberação de compostos voláteis tóxicos foram os parâmetros avaliados. A CC e o LE reduziram a severidade externa (50 e 37%, respectivamente) e a descoloração interna do rizoma (56 e 36%, respectivamente). As CC e CM reduziram o desenvolvimento das plantas nas fases iniciais de cultivo, mostrando sintomas de fitotoxicidade. A elevação do pH, condutividade elétrica (CE), K, Mg, S, Na, Fe, Zn, CO2 e comunidade de bactérias foram as características que apresentaram maior influência na redução da severidade, enquanto que o aumento no pH, CE, CO2, P, Ca, S, Na e B também contribuíram para reduzir a população de F. oxysporum no solo. O BA, o BE e o HP reduziram em 94, 84 e 40% a AACPID, respectivamente. Os teores de Zn, a inibição do crescimento micelial e inibição da germinação dos microconídios pela ação de compostos voláteis e de extratos aquosos foram os mecanismos que mais explicaram o controle ...
The induction of suppressiveness to Fusarium wilt in banana by the incorporation of Eucalyptus sawdust biochar (BC), shrimp shells (CC), composted sewage sludge (LE), clamshell (CM), bio-oil of rice husk (BA) and bio-oil of Eucalyptus sawdust (BE), fish emulsion (EP) and fish hydrolyzate (HP) to soil was evaluated. Soil chemical characteristics; the area under the curve of progress of the disease index (AUPCDI), final severity and internal discoloration of the rhizome; microbial respiration through the release of CO2; the populations of F. oxysporum, fungi and total bacteria; and inhibition of mycelial growth and microconidia germination through the compounds volatile toxic and aqueous extracts were the parameters evaluated. The CC and LE reduced final severity (50 and 37%, respectively) and the internal discoloration of the rhizome (56 and 36%, respectively). The incorporation of CC and CM reduced plant development in the early stages of cultivation, showing symptoms of phytotoxicity. The increase in pH, electric ...
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Heck, Daniel Winter 1990. "Supressividade a Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense por produtos orgânicos /." Botucatu, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/132112.

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Orientador: Wagner Bettiol
Coorientador: Carlos Gilberto Raetano
Banca: Antonio Carlos Maringoni
Banca: Miguel Angel Dita Rodriguez
Resumo: A indução de supressividade a Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc) em bananeira por meio de produtos orgânicos foi avaliada pela incorporação ao solo, artificialmente infestado com o patógeno, de biocarvão de serragem de Eucalyptus (BC), casca de camarão (CC), composto de lodo de esgoto (LE), concha de marisco (CM), bio-óleo de casca de arroz (BA) e de serragem de Eucalyptus (BE), emulsão (EP) e hidrolisado de peixe (HP). Características químicas do solo; área abaixo da curva de progresso do índice da doença (AACPID); severidade final; descoloração interna do rizoma; respiração microbiana por meio da liberação de CO2; comunidade de F. oxysporum, fungos e bactérias totais; a inibição do crescimento micelial e da germinação de microconídios pelos extratos aquosos e pela liberação de compostos voláteis tóxicos foram os parâmetros avaliados. A CC e o LE reduziram a severidade externa (50 e 37%, respectivamente) e a descoloração interna do rizoma (56 e 36%, respectivamente). As CC e CM reduziram o desenvolvimento das plantas nas fases iniciais de cultivo, mostrando sintomas de fitotoxicidade. A elevação do pH, condutividade elétrica (CE), K, Mg, S, Na, Fe, Zn, CO2 e comunidade de bactérias foram as características que apresentaram maior influência na redução da severidade, enquanto que o aumento no pH, CE, CO2, P, Ca, S, Na e B também contribuíram para reduzir a população de F. oxysporum no solo. O BA, o BE e o HP reduziram em 94, 84 e 40% a AACPID, respectivamente. Os teores de Zn, a inibição do crescimento micelial e inibição da germinação dos microconídios pela ação de compostos voláteis e de extratos aquosos foram os mecanismos que mais explicaram o controle ...
Abstract: The induction of suppressiveness to Fusarium wilt in banana by the incorporation of Eucalyptus sawdust biochar (BC), shrimp shells (CC), composted sewage sludge (LE), clamshell (CM), bio-oil of rice husk (BA) and bio-oil of Eucalyptus sawdust (BE), fish emulsion (EP) and fish hydrolyzate (HP) to soil was evaluated. Soil chemical characteristics; the area under the curve of progress of the disease index (AUPCDI), final severity and internal discoloration of the rhizome; microbial respiration through the release of CO2; the populations of F. oxysporum, fungi and total bacteria; and inhibition of mycelial growth and microconidia germination through the compounds volatile toxic and aqueous extracts were the parameters evaluated. The CC and LE reduced final severity (50 and 37%, respectively) and the internal discoloration of the rhizome (56 and 36%, respectively). The incorporation of CC and CM reduced plant development in the early stages of cultivation, showing symptoms of phytotoxicity. The increase in pH, electric ...
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King'u, Jackson N. "Ecology, distribution and population structure of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense in Kenya." Thesis, University of Kent, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.263733.

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D'Alessio, Naomi. "Mitochondrial inheritance during a parasexual cycle in fusarium oxysporum forma specialis cubense." FIU Digital Commons, 1997. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/2705.

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Fusarium oxysporum is a diverse, asexual fungal species composed of both saprophytic and pathogenic members. The destructive phytopathogens are classified into formae speciales based on the host species and into vegetative compatibility groups (VCGs) based on the ability of two individuals to form heterokaryons. Parasexuality, a nonsexual mode of genetic exchange unique to some fungi has been demonstrated in the laboratory in Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (FOC). The goals of this dissertation were threefold: to ascertain whether mitochondrial (mt) markers can distinguish race differences in FOC; to determine genetic relatedness of VCGs in FOC based on a mt marker; and to discover the mode of mt inheritance during a parasexual cycle. Band patterns produced by electrophoresis of Hae III digested genomic DNA indicated that VCG differences, not race, could be discerned by mtDNA analysis. Primers were designed to amplify a mt intergenic locus which served as a molecular marker to screen 55 strains of FOC in 16 VCGs using both single strand conformational polymorphism and DNA sequencing. Based on homogeneity of the locus, strains were assigned to seven mitotypes, a classification unit which I introduced and found informative for grouping related VCGs. To determine the mode of mt inheritance during a parasexual cycle, strains in different mitotypes were paired. Mitochondrial inheritance in all hybrid progeny was found to be uniparental. I speculated that if a parasexual cycle occurs in nature there would be greater variation in the nuclear genome than the mt. This could produce multiple VCGs within a mitotype, a phenomenon observed in FOC. Based on these data, I concluded that parasexuality in nature may contribute to the diversity observed in Fusarium oxysporum.
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Meyer, Tania. "Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense for pathogenicity gene analysis." Pretoria : [s.n.], 2009. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-06122009-132700/.

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Costa, Juliana Leles. "Estudos histológicos e moleculares da interação Musa spp. x Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11137/tde-29052013-170512/.

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A doença da bananeira \'mal-do-Panamá\', causada pelo fungo Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc) é uma das doenças mais destrutivas da bananeira e é considerada uma das seis doenças economicamente mais importante da história da humanidade. Algumas cultivares resistentes, como a \'BRS Platina\', foram lançadas pela Embrapa, porém para a sustentabilidade da resistência é necessário entender os mecanismos moleculares envolvidos na resposta de resistência e defesa. O objetivo deste estudo foi caracterizar o processo de infecção pelo Foc raça 1 em três cultivares contrastantes para a resistência e analisar o padrão transcricional no início da interação. A análise histopatológica indicou que o Foc raça 1 penetra pela raízes laterais e principal, colonizando os espaços inter e intracelular do córtex nas três cultivares. Foram visualizadas, hifas \'globosas\' na cultivar suscetível \'Maçã\' com a formação de estruturas de resistência, como clamidósporos. Na cultivar resistente \'BRS Platina\', foi observado por microscopia óptica no período inicial da interação (24 horas após inoculação) a indução de respostas de defesa da planta, como formação de zona de cicatrização, e aos 15 dias após inoculação, formação de tilose, presença de cristais de oxalato de cálcio e deposição de calose. Foi utilizada a tecnologia Illumina para sequenciamento massal de RNA e abordagens de bioinformática para identificar genes diferencialmente expressos (DE) relacionados com a resposta de defesa de bananeira em interações compatíveis e incompatíveis. O sequenciamento paired-end gerou um total de 113.632.486 fragmentos (reads) com alta qualidade. Do total de reads alinhados no genoma referência (\'DH-Pahang\'), 55.555.480 alinharam-se com genes conhecidos e anotados no genoma referência, sendo utilizados para a análise DE inoculado x não inoculado, permitindo detectar 2.307 genes para as três cultivares. Os genes anotados de cada cultivar foram comparados, sendo identificados quatro genes comuns para as três cultivares, dez compartilhados entre \'Maçã\' e \'Prata-anã\', 21 compartilhados entre \'BRS Platina\' e \'Maçã\', 114 compartilhados entre \'BRS Platina\' e \'Prata-anã\', além de 75 serem exclusivos de \'Maçã\', 599 de \'BRS Platina\' e 1484 de \'Prata-anã\'. O mecanismo de resistência/defesa ao Foc em \'BRS Platina\', ocorre em nível de percepção precoce na presença do patógeno desencadeando resposta de defesa inexistente em \'Maçã\', e com cinética distinta da cultivar com resposta intermediária (\'Prata-anã\'). Dessa forma, os resultados permitiram propor um modelo da resposta de defesa/resistência ao Foc raça 1 em bananeira, baseando-se no nível de indução de genes que codificam para proteínas de reconhecimento do patógeno (receptor like kinase), fatores de transcrição (WRKY e MYB); reforço e síntese de parede celular, degradação da parede celular do fungo (quitinase e glucanases), heat shocks, enzimas antioxidantes e na resposta visualizada pela histologia na cultivar \'BRS Platina\'. Sendo assim, este trabalho fornece novas perspectivas para estudos de análise funcional, identificação e anotação de novos genes relacionados a resposta de defesa e resistência ao Foc raça 1.
The banana Panama disease, caused by fungus Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc), is one of the most destructive disease of the industry, and it is considered one of the six most economically important of all times. A few cultivars, such as \'BRS Platina\', were released, but it is still necessary to understand molecular mechanisms involved in defense response and resistance. The objective of this study was to characterize the infection process by Foc in three banana cultivars contrasting for resistance to Foc and to analyze the transcriptional profile at the beginning of interaction. In this way, Foc race 1 penetrated the main and lateral roots, colonizing inter- and intracellular spaces of the root cortex in the three cultivars. Hyphae were globose in the susceptible cultivar \'Maçã\' with the formation of resilience structure, such as chlamydospores. In the resistant cultivar \'BRS Platina\', during the initial period of interaction (24 hours after inoculation), induced of plant defense responses, such as a healing zone, tylosis formation, presence of calcium oxalate and callose deposition. The Illumina technology were applied to sequence RNA, followed by bioinformatic tools to identify genes differentially expressed (DE) related to resistance and defense response in the compatible and incompatible interactions. Pair-end sequencing generated a total of 113,632,486 reads with high quality. From the total of aligned reads to the banana reference genome (\'DH-Pahang\'), 55,555,480 aligned with gene models annotated in the reference genome. The aligned contigs were analysed for DE, comparing inoculated x non-inoculated, enabling the detection of 2307 genes for the three cultivars. Each annotated gene from each cultivar was compared: four common genes to the three cultiars; 10 genes were shared between \'Maçã\' and \'Prata-anã\'; 21 shared between \'BRS Platina\' and \'Maçã\'; 114 shared between \'BRS Platina\' and \'Prata-anã\', plus 75 exclusive to \'Maçã\'; 599 exclusive to \'BRS Platina\' and 1,484 to \'Prata-anã\'. The mechanism of resistance/defense in \'BRS Platina\', level of perception occurs early in the presence of the pathogen defense response triggering nonexistent in \'Maçã\' and with kinetics distinct cultivar with intermediate response (\'Prata-anã\'). Thus, the results have provided a model of defense response/resistance to Foc race 1 in banana, based on the level of gene induction that encode recognition proteins (Receptor-like Kinase, RLK), transcription factors (WRKY and MYB), cell wall synthesis and reinforcement, degradation of fungal cell wall (chitinases and glucanases), heat shocks , proteins;anto-oxidative enzymes and visualized by histologcal in response cultivar \'BRS Platina\'. The present work offer new perspectives to functional analyses, identification and annotation of new genes related to resistance and defense response to Foc race 1.
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Meyer, Tanja. "Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense for pathogenicity gene analysis." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/25473.

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Fusarium wilt of banana, caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc), is one of the most destructive plant diseases in recorded history. The disease was first discovered in Australia in 1874 but became renowned for the severe losses it caused to export banana plantations during the 1960s in Central America. The banana export industry was saved only by replacing Gros Michel bananas, the dessert banana grown for the export market, with highly resistant Cavendish banana cultivars. Despite this apparent solution, the fungus was found to attack Cavendish bananas in the sub-tropics, where plants were believed to be predisposed to the disease by the cool winter climate. Good management practices and conventional disease management strategies have not been sufficient to reduce losses and stop the disease from spreading, and today Fusarium wilt can be found in almost all banana-producing countries of the world. Since 1988, Foc has been responsible for significant losses of Cavendish bananas in tropical Asia. The only sustainable control measure, the use of resistant varieties, is not always popular as people prefer to eat locally adopted varieties that, unfortunately, are susceptible to Foc. Sustainable Fusarium wilt management in banana depends on the improvement of existing banana cultivars or the development of novel disease management strategies. Molecular biology and biotechnology provide opportunities to introduce foreign resistance genes into existing cultivars and to develop new, environmentally friendly products that can protect susceptible bananas from Foc. Better knowledge of the Fusarium wilt pathogen, its diversity, and its mechanisms of pathogenesis will contribute significantly to developing these novel approaches for control of the disease. Molecular information on the pathogenicity of Foc, however, is limited, whereas other formae speciales of F. oxysporum have been better studied. In this thesis, Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation of (ATMT) was employed to investigate genes responsible for pathogenicity of Foc to banana. Chapter 1 provides an overview of pathogenicity in F. oxysporum. Pathogenic and non-pathogenic forms of the fungus are first introduced to the reader, and then the biology, epidemiology and etiology of pathogenic forms of F. oxysporum are discussed. The genetic make-up and ability of the Fusarium wilt fungus to cause disease in plants concludes the first part of the review. In recent years, there has been a noted increase in the number of techniques available to study hostpathogen interactions. The second part of the review concentrates on these techniques and their applications in studying pathogenicity of the Fusarium wilt pathogen. In Chapter 2, an ATMT and screening system for Foc was developed. Five A. tumefaciens strains were evaluated for their efficiency to transform Foc with a randomly integrating vector that confers hygromycin B resistance and expression of green fluorescent protein (GFP). A small insertion mutant library of Foc was created, and a subset of transformants was characterized by determining the number of T-DNA inserts present, the location and identity of predicted genes disrupted by T-DNA insertion, and whether transformants of Foc were altered in their virulence against susceptible banana plants. In Chapter 3, the role of a known pathogenicity gene, Frp1, of the tomato pathogen F. oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (Fol) was investigated in Foc. The first objective was to isolate and characterize the Frp1 gene in Foc, and to compare it to the homologous gene in Fol. A vector containing a modified Fol Frp1 gene was then obtained and used for targeted disruption of the gene in Foc via ATMT. Mutants in which the Frp1 gene was disrupted were then analyzed for GFP expression, culture morphology, and alterations in pathogenicity to banana.
Dissertation (MSc)--University of Pretoria, 2008.
Microbiology and Plant Pathology
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Books on the topic "Cubense"

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Rafael F. Castañeda Ruíz. Fungi cubense. Ciudad de La Habana, Cuba: Instituto de Investigaciones Fundamentales en Agricultura Tropical "Alejandro de Humboldt", 1986.

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Rafael F. Castañeda Ruíz. Fungi cubense. Ciudad de La Habana, Cuba: Instituto de Investigaciones Fundamentales en Agricultura Tropical "Alejandro de Humboldt,", 1986.

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Gatsinzi, François. La maladie de Panama due à Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (E.F. Smith) Synder & Hansen au sein de la Communauté économique des pays des grands lacs (Burundi, Rwanda, Zaïre). Gitega, République du Burundi: Institut de recherche agronomique et zootechnique de la C.E.P.G.L., 1989.

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Olson, Nathan. Cubes. Mankato, Minn: Capstone Press, 2008.

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illustrator, Mitter Kathy, ed. Cubes. Minneapolis: Magic Wagon, 2012.

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Lewitt, Sol. 100 cubes. Ostfildern: Cantz, 1996.

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Lewitt, Shariann. 100 cubes. Ostfildern [Germany]: Cantz, 1996.

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Olson, Nathan. Cubos =: Cubes. North Mankato, MN: Capstone Press, 2013.

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Cubos =: Cubes. North Mankato, MN: Capstone Press, 2013.

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Cubena. Short stories by Cubena. Washington, D.C: Afro-Hispanic Institute, 1987.

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Book chapters on the topic "Cubense"

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Azimova, Shakhnoza S., and Anna I. Glushenkova. "Teucrium cubense Jacq. ssp. Laevigatum." In Lipids, Lipophilic Components and Essential Oils from Plant Sources, 531. London: Springer London, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-85729-323-7_1686.

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Lin, Birun, and Huifang Shen. "Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense." In Biological Invasions and Its Management in China, 225–36. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-3427-5_16.

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Ovchinnikov, Sergei. "Cubes." In Universitext, 51–87. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-0797-3_3.

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Ovchinnikov, Sergei. "Partial Cubes." In Universitext, 127–81. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-0797-3_5.

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Warrens, Matthijs J., and Willem J. Heiser. "Robinson Cubes." In Selected Contributions in Data Analysis and Classification, 515–23. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-73560-1_48.

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Bakel, Steffen, Luigi Liquori, Simona Ronchi Rocca, and Paweł Urzyczyn. "Comparing cubes." In Logical Foundations of Computer Science, 353–65. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-58140-5_33.

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Martinez-Ortiz, Carlos, and Joviša Žunić. "Measuring Cubeness of 3D Shapes." In Progress in Pattern Recognition, Image Analysis, Computer Vision, and Applications, 716–23. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-10268-4_84.

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Iosevich, Alex. "Projections and cubes." In A View from the Top, 27–37. Providence, Rhode Island: American Mathematical Society, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1090/stml/039/04.

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Stambaugh, Tamra, Eric Fecht, and Emily Mofield. "Literary Analysis Cubes." In Interactions in Ecology and Literature, 28–29. New York: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003235828-5.

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Janus, Philo, and Guy Fouché. "Cubes, Dimensions, and Measures." In Pro SQL Server 2008 Analysis Services, 15–39. Berkeley, CA: Apress, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4302-1996-5_2.

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Conference papers on the topic "Cubense"

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Abigan, Erinn Giannice T., Luis Gabriel A. Cajucom, Josh Daniel L. Ong, Patricia Angela R. Abu, and Ma Regina Justina E. Estuar. "Detection of Microconidia in Microscopy Images of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense Using Image Processing Techniques and Neural Networks." In 2020 IEEE 4th International Conference on Image Processing, Applications and Systems (IPAS). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ipas50080.2020.9334941.

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Estuar, Maria Regina Justina E., John Noel Victorino, Andrei Coronel, Jerelyn Co, Francis Tiausas, and Chiara Veronica Señires. "Comparative analysis of tree classification models for detecting fusarium oxysporum f. sp cubense (TR4) based on multi soil sensor parameters." In Fifth International Conference on Remote Sensing and Geoinformation of the Environment (RSCy2017), edited by Giorgos Papadavid, Diofantos G. Hadjimitsis, Silas Michaelides, Vincent Ambrosia, Kyriacos Themistocleous, and Gunter Schreier. SPIE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2279126.

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David, Apollo Ian C., and Maria Leonora C. Guico. "Presence or Absence of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense Tropical Race 4 (TR4) Classification Using Machine Learning Methods on Soil Properties." In TENCON 2018 - 2018 IEEE Region 10 Conference. IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tencon.2018.8650116.

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Rinott, Michal, Shachar Geiger, Eran Gal-Or, and Luka Or. "Cubes." In the 7th International Conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2460625.2460711.

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Stavness, Ian, Florian Vogt, and Sidney Fels. "Cubee." In ACM SIGGRAPH 2006 Sketches. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1179849.1180055.

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Stavness, Ian, Florian Vogt, and Sidney Fels. "Cubee." In ACM SIGGRAPH 2006 Emerging technologies. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1179133.1179139.

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Perez, Juan Manuel, Rafael Berlanga, Maria Jose Aramburu, and Torben Bach Pedersen. "R-Cubes: OLAP Cubes Contextualized with Documents." In 2007 IEEE 23rd International Conference on Data Engineering. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icde.2007.369041.

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Sharlin, Ehud, Yuichi Itoh, Benjamin Watson, Yoshifumi Kitamura, Steve Sutphen, and Lili Liu. "Cognitive cubes." In the SIGCHI conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/503376.503438.

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Abdul-Latip, Shekh Faisal, Mohammad Reza Reyhanitabar, Willy Susilo, and Jennifer Seberry. "Extended cubes." In the 6th ACM Symposium. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1966913.1966952.

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Merrill, David, Emily Sun, and Jeevan Kalanithi. "Sifteo cubes." In the 2012 ACM annual conference extended abstracts. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2212776.2212374.

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Reports on the topic "Cubense"

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Souza, P. Ultrasonic Time-of-Flight Measurements on Binary U-6Nb Cubes. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/15016861.

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2

Ledbetter, W. B., Matti Relis, and Robert Denson. Feasibility of Producing Large-Sized, High-Strength Motor & Concrete Cubes. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada167993.

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3

Farber, Steven. Connecting People to Places: Spatiotemporal Analysis of Transit Supply Using Travel-Time Cubes. Portland State University Library, June 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/trec.143.

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4

Hoover, Donald R. Deriving and Applying Improved Upper Bounds for Multivariate Normal Probability Outside of N-Cubes. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, July 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada198193.

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You might also be interested in the extended bibliographies on the topic 'Cubense' for particular source types:
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