Academic literature on the topic 'Cue utilization theory'
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Journal articles on the topic "Cue utilization theory"
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Choo, Freddie. "Auditors' Judgment Performance under Stress: A Test of the Predicted Relationship by Three Theoretical Models." Journal of Accounting, Auditing & Finance 10, no. 3 (July 1995): 611–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0148558x9501000311.
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Three competing theories of stress and judgment performance, namely, working memory capacity theory (Eysenck [1979]), cue utilization theory (Easterbrook [1959]), and coping behavior theory (Folkman [1984]) were compared for their efficacy in explaining the form of stress-induced performance changes in auditors' judgment. Two studies were conducted to test the goodness of fit of the three predicted stress-judgment relationships. The first study was a five-phase field research that included the development of an Audit Mental Stress Scale and the usage of a complex audit judgment case. The results indicated that the cue utilization theory had a higher explanatory power than the other two competing theories. In accordance with this theory, auditors' judgment performance improved as stress increased from a low to moderate level with optimal performance efficiency occurring at a moderate level of stress, and thereafter a decrement in judgment performance at an excessive level of stress. In other words, there was an inverted U-shaped relationship between stress and judgment performance. The second study reinforced the findings with a laboratory experiment. Forty-eight auditors were randomly assigned to four groups of 12 subjects each and the four groups assigned to one of four time pressure conditions. The auditors performed the same audit judgment case as in study one. An ANOVA that used orthogonal polynomial coefficients to test for the presence of trend was applied to identify which of the three models best fit the data. The results indicated that an inverted U-shaped curve contributed most to the data trend. The goodness of fit test once again supported the predicted relationship in Easterbrook's cue utilization theory.
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Jones, Tim, Susan E. Myrden, and Peter Dacin. "Services under new management: the myth of a fresh start." Journal of Services Marketing 34, no. 4 (May 1, 2020): 529–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jsm-03-2019-0141.
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Purpose The purpose of this study is to examine the consumer-side effects of “under new management” (UNM) signs. The authors integrate cue-utilization theory and relevance theory to guide hypotheses about the conditions under which these signs are and are not beneficial. Design/methodology/approach Two consumer-based experiments were used to examine the quality and reputation effects of restaurants signaling a management change on potential and existing customers. Findings The results suggest that positive and negative effects are possible. The direction of these effects is contingent upon consumers’ prior experience, type of service (i.e. search/experience) and the relevance of the signal. Research limitations/implications The study is limited to one industry (i.e. restaurants) and examines the effects of market signals on perceived quality and reputation. In addition, this research brought forth the notion of “signal relevance” and suggested that it may be explicitly tied to attributions. However, this assertion must examine multiple signals (relevant/irrelevant) and their contingent effects on consumer perceptions. Practical implications The findings advise businesses to use caution when using signals such as an “UNM” sign, as they appear to have different effects depending on the experience of the consumer with the service and the relevance of the signal. Originality/value This research contributes to the literature on cue utilization theory to understand the effects of marketplace cues on consumer perceptions. It contributes to marketing theory and practice by proposing a model of cue effects based on prior customer experience, type of service and cue relevance.
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Zhu, Wenlong, Ruzhen Yan, and Zhihui Ding. "Analysing impulse purchasing in cross-border electronic commerce." Industrial Management & Data Systems 120, no. 10 (October 1, 2020): 1959–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/imds-01-2020-0046.
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PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore the impact of product information on impulse purchases in a cross-border electronic commerce (CBEC) setting from the perspective of cue stimulation.Design/methodology/approachThis study proposes a research model of impulse purchases in CBEC based on the cue utilization theory and Stimulus-Organism-Response (S-O-R) model. The research model was tested using covariance-based structural equation modelling. Data were collected from the consumers of a popular CBEC platform in China.FindingsA high-quality product description has a significant positive effect on concentration but not on curiosity and autotelic experience. A high-quality product display has a significant positive effect on concentration, curiosity and autotelic experience. High-quality product content has a significant positive effect on curiosity and autotelic experience but not on concentration. Curiosity and autotelic experience both have a significant positive effect on impulse purchases; however, concentration has no such effect on an impulse purchase. Curiosity and autotelic experience have a full mediation effect between product display and impulse purchases and between product content and impulse purchases, respectively.Originality/valueThis study integrates the S-O-R model and cue utilization theory to construct a theoretical model of product information-flow experience-impulse purchases. According to the model, we can understand how product information influences consumers' impulse purchases in CBEC.
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Wei, Chung-Lun, and Chien-Ta Ho. "Exploring Signaling Roles of Service Providers' Reputation and Competence in Influencing Perceptions of Service Quality and Outsourcing Intentions." Journal of Organizational and End User Computing 31, no. 1 (January 2019): 86–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/joeuc.2019010105.
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With the advancement of technology, the utilization of information technology/information systems (IT/IS) is increasingly important in enhancing productivity. Thus, IT/IS outsourcing has become a crucial issue for companies. When faced with an unfamiliar outsourcing service market, and particularly when initially outsourcing, client companies experience uncertainty. Employing the signaling theory, the study proposes one intrinsic cue (competence) and one extrinsic cue (reputation) for outsourcing service providers to evaluate service quality, value, and the subsequent outsourcing intentions of clients. The results demonstrate that suppliers' competence and reputation are influential signals for perceived service quality, which in turn affects perceived value and outsourcing intentions. Moreover, suppliers' reputations are found to have a greater impact on perceived service quality than suppliers' competence; the latter has a direct effect on perceived value, while the former does not. The implications for theory and practice are also discussed, as are suggestions for future research.
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Lim, Chui Seong, Kay Tze Hong, Siew Chin Wong, and Louisa Hew Wei Yee. "Interaction Effect of Country of Manufacture and Brand Awareness on Malaysian Young Adults Purchase Intention of Low Involvement Product." Marketing of Scientific and Research Organizations 39, no. 1 (March 1, 2021): 67–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/minib-2021-0004.
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Abstract This study aims to examine the interaction effect of country of manufacture and brand awareness, packaging and price impact on the purchase intention of toothpaste among young adults in Malaysia. As previous studies show, the country of origin should not be taken as a single clue, as it exaggerates the country of origin effect. This study evaluates the effect of the country of origin effect on the low-involvement good (toothpaste). The Cue Utilization Theory was used to explain how the consumer uses product cues to rate a product before making a purchase decision. Study data are analysed using SmartPLS. The results of this study showed that all variables influence consumer purchase intention for toothpaste. IPMA analysis showed that the interaction effect of the country of manufacture and brand awareness are important factors.
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Kim, Yong-Jeong, and Byoung-Chun Ha. "A Study on the Effects for Shipper’s Satisfaction and Repurchase Intention of Cargo Transport Service based on Cue Utilization Theory." Korean Logistics Research Association 29, no. 6 (December 31, 2019): 77–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.17825/klr.2019.29.6.77.
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Yan, Liu, Fan Xiaojun, Jie Li, and Xuebing Dong. "Extrinsic cues, perceived quality, and purchase intention for private labels." Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics 31, no. 3 (June 10, 2019): 714–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/apjml-08-2017-0176.
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Purpose Based on the cue utilization theory and congruity theory, the purpose of this paper is to investigate the mediating effects of perceived quality on the relationships between category characteristics and purchase intention for private labels. Design/methodology/approach To examine the research hypotheses, the authors conducted a questionnaire survey on 703 adult consumers in China. Findings The results show that perceived quality fully mediates the relationships between category complexity, risk importance, category quality variation, product signatureness and purchase intention. In addition, consumers’ knowledge moderates the relationship between perceived quality and purchase intention. The implications and future research directions are discussed in this study. Originality/value The results show that the category complexity is positively related to consumers’ perceived quality. Although opposite to the conclusions in prior research, the findings are consistent with the unique phenomenon in China, that is, to label the name and location of the contract manufacturers. The authors investigate the moderating role of consumer knowledge, which will provide meaningful guidance for the Chinese retailing market.
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Schultz, Don, and Varsha Jain. "Exploring luxury brand country of origin impact on purchasing behaviors in India." Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Administration 7, no. 3 (September 7, 2015): 216–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/apjba-11-2014-0129.
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Purpose – Luxury brands’ marketing efforts have traditionally focussed on developed nations since that has comprised the majority of consumer demand. However, double-digit growth in developing nations such as India and China, have attracted the attention of most luxury brand managers. Using cue utilization theory, the authors conducted a qualitative study in two phases comprised of first, focus group discussions (FGD), structured observations (SO) and second, In-Depth Interviews (IDI) to understand the effects of country of origin (COO) on Indian consumers’ current day purchasing behaviors with luxury products. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach – Using cue utilization theory, the authors conducted a qualitative study in two phases comprised of first, FGD, SO and second, IDI to understand the effects of COO on Indian consumers’ current day purchasing behaviors with luxury products. A conceptual framework has been developed that should help luxury brands formulate marketing strategies for this booming market. Findings – Further, this study found that COO affects the exploration of luxury brands and this process is carried out digitally and primarily with friends. Luxury brand managers can insert detailed information about COO on web sites and can understand the keywords used in the search engines to facilitate consumers using appropriate consideration data. This research also found that COO is compared on the basis of quality, features and innovation. Research limitations/implications – The results of this study are only from one emerging country, i.e., India. Similar studies should be carried out in other emerging nations. Additionally, developed countries can also carry out comprehensive research in this domain as their behavior is also changing for COO and luxury brands. Originality/value – This insight can be used by the brand managers and they can develop apps and web sites that would help the consumers to compare the COO for their products. Additionally, this research found that COO helps the luxury consumers to evaluate the brands and how they associate it with consumer images. Luxury brand managers need to be conscious when their countries products/ brands have been rated low by the consumers as it could result in consumers simply discarding them from their consideration set.
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Huang, Echo, and Fa-Chang Cheng. "Online Security Cues and E-Payment Continuance Intention." International Journal of E-Entrepreneurship and Innovation 3, no. 1 (January 2012): 42–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jeei.2012010104.
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Previous studies consider confidence in the Internet as a means of payment and existence of a legal framework that protect consumers in their activities on the Internet are the critical issues of B2C success. To respond, this study extends the IS Continuance Model with Cue Utilization Theory to examine the impact of offering e-payments to online users, specifically, the relationship between their perceived benefits, legal protection, risk avoidance, and satisfaction with prior experiences. The analytical results presented in this study indicate that perceived cues (benefits, legal protection and risk allocation) differentially affect consumer behavior. Notably, perceived cues and confirmation associated with satisfaction have influences on e-payment continuance intention. That is, if consumers’ perception of online security cues increases, their intentions to continue use of e-payment increase even if the systems or services are perceived low reliability. Finally the practical and theoretical implications of this study are discussed.
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Mody, Makarand, Courtney Suess, and Tarik Dogru. "Restorative Servicescapes in Health Care: Examining the Influence of Hotel-Like Attributes on Patient Well-Being." Cornell Hospitality Quarterly 61, no. 1 (October 8, 2019): 19–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1938965519879430.
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This study examines how 527 patients across different health states assessed the influence of hotel-like attributes on their well-being. Using theoretical mechanisms of attention restoration underlying restorative servicescapes, we postulated that hotel-like products and services will enhance patients’ perceived well-being, which, in turn, will favorably affect their behavioral intentions. We also tested an alternative model that included additional direct relationships between hotel-like products and services and behavioral intentions, based on the tenets of cue utilization theory. After conducting a series of nested model comparison procedures, we confirmed that the alternative model provided a theoretically and empirically stronger explanation for the dynamics of hotel-like restorative servicescapes. Although the differences between less healthy and more healthy patients were not statistically significant, the less healthy group demonstrated the same pattern of relationships as in the overall model, indicating that such patients may be more likely to derive greater restorative benefits from hotel-like hospital rooms, which may also make them more likely to pay higher out-of-pocket expenses for such rooms. The study furthers the empirical research agenda on evidence-based design (EBD) and the role of hospitality in health care.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Cue utilization theory"
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Torres, Bryan C. "Examining Self-Service Kiosks in Quick-Service Restaurant Settings." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2019. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1505242/.
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Research is needed that examines the effects of kiosk technology on restaurant operational performance measures, such as total sales. The study employs a 2X2 between-subjects field experimental design to empirically test the hypothesized relationships proposed in the research model. The data collection site was Burger King located in the student union of a large Tier 1 research university in southwest USA. The independent variables included ordering method (kiosk vs. cashier) and operational volume (peak vs. off-peak). The dependent variables were cognitive and affective attitudes, behavioral intention, satisfaction, sales per person, and order time. Consumers at Burger King were approached before they started ordering their meal to ask for voluntary participation. If they agreed to participate, they were randomly assigned into two test groups. Participants in one test group used kiosk technology to order their meals, while those in the other test groups spoke with a cashier to order their meals. The same number of participants were recruited from peak and non-peak volumes. The seconds used to order was observed and recorded after consumer engagement with the ordering method. After participants ordered, they completed a paper survey that measured their behaviors while ordering with each method and asked participants to indicate total purchase amount. Results of 192 surveys indicated to different extents that consumer behaviors were more positive with kiosk technology. Affective attitude results, however, were insignificant. On average, kiosk technology was found to be a faster method of ordering in quick-service restaurants, but it yielded less sales than when the consumer ordered from a cashier.
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Castro, Cristiano do Amaral Britto de. "The effect of using claim confirming product cues on the product claim credibility: is seeing believing?" reponame:Repositório Institucional do FGV, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10438/10671.
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The Cue Utilization Theory establishes that all products are made of multiples cues that may be seen as surrogates for the intangible attributes that make up any given product. However, the results of many years of research have yet yielded little consensus as to the impact generated by the use of such cues. This research aims to contribute to the discussion about the importance of intrinsic cues by investigating the effects that the use of product cues that confirm the product claim may have on Claim Credibility (measured through Ad Credibility), and also on consumers’ Purchase Intention and Perceived Risk toward the product. An experiment was designed to test such effects and the results suggest the effects of the use of Claim Confirming Product Cues depend on consumer’s level of awareness about such cue, and that when consumers are aware of it, Ad Credibility and Purchase Intention increase, as Perceived Risk decreases. Such results may have implications to academicians and practitioners, as well as may provide insights for future research.
Book chapters on the topic "Cue utilization theory"
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Pedroni, Marco. "Dynamic Reconstruction of Concept Maps." In Encyclopedia of Information Communication Technology, 173–79. IGI Global, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-59904-845-1.ch023.
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Within the e-learning context, the importance of developing concept maps—and, therefore, of developing software tools that support their design and utilization phases—clearly derives from their connection with the theme of the ontological structure of knowledge, which is founded on graph theory and which determines, according to rules defined by Joseph Novak (Novak & Gowin 1984), the node elements and the relationships with the arcs. However, concept maps cannot be described simply as a product of the evolution of the concept of content indexing, since their role encompasses not only the organizational function of knowing but also the vehiculatory function, assuming that there is a specific clarificatory task within the cognitive context that is different from, and additional to, the navigational support. Research into concept maps takes its cue from the world of education (Novak, 1998), in which their significance is clearly recognized. On the one hand, the characteristic representation of the tissue of relationships that links the concepts together constitutes an extremely interesting expressive approach in terms of its capacity to focus attention of learners, whereas on the other hand—and mainly within the framework of constructivist didactics—the environments used for the ontological mapping of disciplines can be deployed as a locus for collaboration in exploring the cognitive and negotiative context. Both of these aspects are further promoted by e-learning (Canas, Hill, & Lott, 2003; Canas, Hill, Carff, Suri, Lott, & Eskridge, 2004), which uses concept maps not only in the representation of knowledge within a range of structural Learning Object models (Information Maps, Generative Learning, Workflow-based Learning) but also in the indexing of communication flows (Barabasi, 2004), and within interactive environments geared towards the collaborative construction of knowledge.
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"Shark Nursery Grounds of the Gulf of Mexico and the East Coast Waters of the United States." In Shark Nursery Grounds of the Gulf of Mexico and the East Coast Waters of the United States, edited by MICHELLE R. HEUPEL. American Fisheries Society, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.47886/9781888569810.ch17.
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<em>Abstract.</em>—The use of a summer nursery ground by the blacktip shark <em>Carcharhinus limbatus </em>was examined to define the period of residency within the nursery and potential cues for emigration from the area. Newborn sharks were fitted with acoustic tags in each of four consecutive years and continuously monitored using an array of acoustic monitors. The duration of residency in the summer nursery was different between years. Individuals were born at the same time each year, but the last animals left between October and late November. Male sharks left the summer nursery on average a month earlier than females. It is unclear why this difference occurred. Two physical factors—day length and water temperature—were examined to determine if sharks used these cues to time their departure from the nursery. The day length at which sharks left the nursery was different between years and varied from 10.6 to 11.2 h. The water temperature at which sharks left the nursery was also different between years. However, departures of sharks were closely correlated with rapid drops in water temperature. These drops in temperature were caused by the passage of cold fronts, and resulted in drops of up to 5°C over 2 d. It was concluded that these drops in temperature were the primary cue that juvenile blacktip sharks used to time their emigration from the nursery area. The results of this study provide new insights into the utilization of essential habitat for young sharks and the cues that they use to leave these areas.
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Karimov, Farhod P., and Malaika Brengman. "Adoption of Social Media by Online Retailers." In Modern Entrepreneurship and E-Business Innovations, 41–60. IGI Global, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-2946-2.ch004.
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In the online environment, the absence of social presence may prevent consumers from purchasing online, while it can enhance their trust, loyalty and enjoyment toward the e-retailer. Thus, today many online retailers try to create social presence by adopting media-rich technologies. In this paper, the authors assess to what degree social media cues are currently adopted by thriving web-vendors and on that basis speculate about future developments. To this purpose, 210 top B2C e-commerce websites have been content analyzed to identify how they differ in the deployment of diverse social media cues. While a wide range of social media cues are adopted by a majority of top e-retailers, a number of more advanced social media features like avatars, recommendation agents, and video-streams are in their infancy where adoption is concerned. The paper demonstrates that the utilization of social media features differs according to the monetary and symbolic value of products sold by the e-commerce vendors.
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Balberg, Mira. "Conclusion." In Blood for Thought. University of California Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/california/9780520295926.003.0007.
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The conclusion builds on the analyses presented in the book’s chapters to integrate the rabbinic sacrificial corpus into the trans-religious and trans-regional story of the gradual decline and ultimate demise of sacrifice in the course of the first Millennium C.E. It argues that a serious consideration of this corpus allows us to identify important correspondences between rabbinic ideas and developments and contemporaneous Greek, Roman, and early Christian ideas and developments, and that these correspondences go well beyond the paradigm of “substitution” according to which sacrifices were progressively replaced with alternative forms of worship. The conclusion shows that the discursive persistence of sacrifice in Jewish literature and art despite the inapplicability of sacrificial practice to the audience’s lives, the elaborate theory of sacrifice that the rabbis construct in defiance of earlier biblical precepts, and the utilization of sacrifice in creating an idealized public religion, are all manners in which the rabbis participate in, contribute to, and appropriate existing ancient and late ancient conversations on sacrifice.
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Badgwell, Brian. "Palliative Gastrointestinal Surgery." In Surgical Palliative Care, 175–82. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190858360.003.0015.
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Palliative surgical consultation is a critical component of multidisciplinary gastrointestinal cancer care. For many types of gastrointestinal malignancies, the majority of patients are not able to achieve cure and develop symptoms attributable to their advanced or incurable malignancy. The most common diagnosis is bowel obstruction, but diagnoses such as bowel perforation, hemorrhage, neutropenia and abdominal pain, and anorectal infections are also included. Safe utilization of surgical intervention can be difficult due to the increased risks of surgery, limited therapeutic options for these complex palliative care situations, and the progressive nature of incurable gastrointestinal cancer. In selected patients, surgical palliation can improve symptoms and quality of life with acceptable reported rates of morbidity and mortality. Even in situations where surgery is not offered, an understanding of the disease processes and outcomes can inform patients and other providers in the optimal management strategy.
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Lau, Kwok Hung, and Haibo Huang. "Adoption and Utilization of ICT in the Chinese Third-Party Logistics Industry." In Management Science, Logistics, and Operations Research, 221–42. IGI Global, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-4506-6.ch013.
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This paper reports the findings of a questionnaire survey on the adoption and utilization of information and communication technology (ICT) – an important tool to enhance efficiency and responsiveness in modern-day supply chains – in the Chinese third-party logistics (3PL) industry. As a global manufacturing base, China has a burgeoning 3PL industry serving a large number of domestic firms as well as multinational corporations. With more and more organizations outsourcing their logistics function to 3PL firms, the latter have to make use of ICT for efficient communication with clients and coordination of activities in order to work hand-in-hand with customers to meet their day-to-day logistics needs. To investigate the status quo of ICT utilization in China, a questionnaire survey was conducted in 2009 to investigate the level of ICT adoption by the 3PL firms. For comparison, the findings of the Annual Third-Party Logistics Studies from 2007 to 2013 in this regard were also analyzed. The questionnaire survey results reveal that ICT is being widely adopted in the Chinese 3PL industry suggesting a high level of awareness of its significance and benefits to both the service providers and the clients. The ICT used ranges from low-tech telephone, facsimile, Internet access, to more advanced and sophisticated radio frequency identification technology and enterprise resource planning system. While small 3PL companies are using less expensive ICT at a tactical level mainly to cut costs and reduce errors in the day-to-day logistics operations, medium-sized and large firms have evolved to make use of more expensive ICT for planning and strategic purposes, such as business control, customer integration, and service differentiation. Transportation management system is regarded as the most important IT for business to most 3PL firms surveyed whereas the significance of other systems for warehouse management, order management, and inventory management, etc. varies depending on the services provided and the resources available. A follow-up review of the recent literature suggests that ICT adoption in the 3PL industry of China has not significantly increased since the 2009 survey but the general awareness of the importance of ICT capabilities is growing.
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Nambakhsh, Mohammad Saleh, and M. Shiva. "A Novel Blind Wavelet Base Watermarking of ECG Signals on Medical Images Using EZW Algorithm." In Encyclopedia of Healthcare Information Systems, 1004–15. IGI Global, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-59904-889-5.ch125.
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Exchange of databases between hospitals needs efficient and reliable transmission and storage techniques to cut down the cost of health care. This exchange involves a large amount of vital patient information such as biosignals and medical images. Interleaving one form of data such as 1-D signal over digital images can combine the advantages of data security with efficient memory utilization (Norris, Englehart & Lovely, 2001), but nothing prevents the user from manipulating or copying the decrypted data for illegal uses. Embedding vital information of patients inside their scan images will help physicians make a better diagnosis of a disease. In order to solve these issues, watermark algorithms have been proposed as a way to complement the encryption processes and provide some tools to track the retransmission and manipulation of multimedia contents (Barni, Podilchuk, Bartolini & Delp, 2001; Vallabha, 2003). A watermarking system is based on an imperceptible insertion of a watermark (a signal) in an image. This technique is adapted here for interleaving graphical ECG signals within medical images to reduce storage and transmission overheads as well as helping for computer-aided diagnostics system. In this chapter, we present a new wavelet-based watermarking method combined with the EZW coder. The principle is to replace significant wavelet coefficients of ECG signals by the corresponding significant wavelet coefficients belonging to the host image, which is much bigger in size than the mark signal. This chapter presents a brief introduction to watermarking and the EZW coder that acts as a platform for our watermarking algorithm.
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Crouch, Dora P. "Planning Water Management: Corinth and Syracuse." In Water Management in Ancient Greek Cities. Oxford University Press, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195072808.003.0021.
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The ancient Greeks could not afford inefficient and impractical cities. This one insight has guided my research ever since I attended the International Water Resources Association conference in Rome in 1986 and learned how concerned modern water engineers and policymakers are about careful utilization of water resources. We twentieth century Americans can afford waste, because we are both rich and spendthrift. But the ancients were living very close to the edge in an ecosystem that sustains human life only if it is carefully, respectfully managed. How successful they were in city site selection and in city building is evident from the fact that so many of their cities survived for such long times—Athens nearly 5000 years; the great capital Byzantium-Constantinople-Istanbul since the eighth century B.C., a lifespan of about 2800 years; and even obscure towns like Morgantina, Sicily, for 450 years. Given a hot and semiarid Mediterranean climate with rain only in the winter months, careful attention to water supply and distribution was essential for a Greek city. As long ago as the second millennium B.C., the Mycenaeans who lived in mainland Greece and the Minoans of Crete took great care of the water supply and drainage of their sites, using cisterns, wells, pipelines, rock-cut channels, and so on (Evans, 1964 reprint, vol. I, 103–05, 141–43, 333–36, 378–84, 389–98; Broneer,1939, 317–433; Mylonas 1966; Knaus, Heinrich, and Kalcyk, 1980). Because of the gap in the archaeological record, we cannot be sure whether any of their knowledge about water management survived the collapse of these civilizations and the 400 years or so of the “Dark Ages” that followed. Some ideas such as cisterns seem to be both so basic and so easy for a single family to execute, that it is likely their use persisted no matter how primitive conditions became. Others, such as the use of pressure pipes, seem to require a fairly sophisticated society and probably the existence of a group of architect-engineers to carry out the building process, and therefore we would not expect them to survive but to be independently re-invented when later Greek society reached technological sophistication.
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Mukankusi, Laurence, Jared Keengwe, Yao Amewokunu, and Assion Lawson-Body. "Relationships between Wireless Technology Investment and Organizational Performance." In Encyclopedia of Multimedia Technology and Networking, Second Edition, 1206–14. IGI Global, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-60566-014-1.ch164.
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Information technology (IT) investments are justified based on average improvement in performance (Peacock & Tanniru, 2005). Firms rely on those investments (Demirhan, Jacob, & Raghunathan, 2002; Duh, Chow, & Chen, 2006; Tuten, 2003) because executives believe that investments in wireless technologies help boost company performance. In this regard, the benefits from wireless technology applications depend on the extent to which they are congruent with the firm’s performance (Duh et al., 2006). But, some IS researchers argue that competitors may easily duplicate investments in IT resources by purchasing the same hardware, software, and network, and hence resources necessarily do not provide sustained performance (Santhanam & Hartono, 2003). The use of wireless communications and computing is growing quickly (Kim & Steinfield, 2004; Leung & Cheung, 2004; Yang, Chatterjee, & Chan, 2004). The future of wireless technology may also bring more devices that can operate using the many different standards and it may be possible that a global standard is accepted, such as the expected plans for the 3G technology UMTS. The wireless beyond 3G (B3G) systems or the so called composite radio environments (CRE) (or even 4G systems) possess multiple features that allow employees to collaborate with each other and provide diverse access alternatives (Kouis, Domestichas, Koundourakis, & Theologou, 2007). But issues of risk and uncertainty due to technical, organizational, and environmental factors continue to hinder executive efforts to produce meaningful evaluation of investment in wireless technology (Smith, Kulatilaka, & Venkatramen, 2002). Despite the use of investment appraisal techniques, executives are often forced to rely on instinct when finalizing wireless investment decisions. A key problem with evaluation techniques that emerges is their treatment of uncertainty and their failure to account for the fact that outside of a decision to reject an investment outright, firms may have an option to defer an investment until a later period (Tallon, Kauffman, Lucas, Whinston, & Zhu, 2002). In addition, many authors believe that if firms can combine the appropriate investment strategies to create a unique wireless technology capability, superior firm performance can be the result. Utilization of wireless devices and being “connected” without wires is inevitable (Gebauer, Shaw, & Gribbins, 2004; Jarvenpaa, Lang, Reiner, Yoko, & Virpi, 2003). Market researchers predict that by the end of 2005, there will be almost 500 million users of wireless devices, generating more than $200 billion in revenues (Chang & Kannan, 2002; Xin, 2004). And by 2006, the global mobile commerce (m-commerce) market will be worth $230 billion (Chang & Kannan, 2002). Such predictions indicate the importance that is attached to wireless technologies as a way of supporting business activities. Evaluating investments in wireless technology and understanding which technology makes the “best fit” for a company or organization performance is difficult because of the numerous technologies and the costs, risks, and potential benefits associated with each technology.
Conference papers on the topic "Cue utilization theory"
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Longstreet, Phil. "Evaluating Website Quality: Applying Cue Utilization Theory to WebQual." In 2010 43rd Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences. IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/hicss.2010.191.
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Su, Xiaofeng, Wenhe Lin, Anxin Xu, Lingyun Huang, Jingjing Wu, Shanmei Cai, Lili Sun, and Wenxing Xu. "Customer Experience and Continual Usage Willingness of Fresh Products APPs: Based on the Framework of the Cue Utilization Theory." In 2019 International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Systems Management (IESM). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iesm45758.2019.8948142.
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Schieler, Richard F. "Warehouse Configuration Analysis to Achieve Productivity and Cube Utilization." In ASME 1995 Citrus Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/cec1995-4105.
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There are many factors which influence profitability for a Citrus Industry processor. Demand and raw product quality/availability surely are near the top of the list. The process itself gets a lot of attention relative to cost reduction. One area which does not get a lot of attention, however, is warehousing. The warehouse has historically been a “foster child” so to speak. If warehousing continues to be considered a necessary evil, its effect on profitability of total operations will obviously be negative. If warehousing is given some much needed attention, the negative effect can be minimized and, in fact, can even help improve profitability. An example might demonstrate this claim: A processing plant is relatively land-locked and needs to expand to meet plan goals. Thirty (30) to forty (40) percent of existing plant area is utilized for warehousing. In many cases, productivity in these existing warehouses is poor, maintenance costs are higher than they might be, and cube utilization can be poor. A land-locked plant which must expand suggests big capital costs or debt service for additional land and buildings. Why not zero in on the relatively unproductive utilization of 30 to 40 percent of existing space. If we can improve cube utilization alone, we might free up enough space to accommodate process expansion on the site. If we can do this with a corresponding productivity increase, we effectively lower operating cost and capital cost or debt service. In the profit equation, lower cost means higher profits. Product is stored as concentrate in tank farms, as concentrate in drums, in totes in some cases, as frozen single-strength slabs or in the many finished package configurations. There is not much we can do about improving tank farm space utilization, so we will concentrate on storage of unit loads (drums, frozen single-strength slabs or palletized finished unit loads). Given the time we have to address the topic, we will zero in on drum storage. The principles discussed can be applied on any unit load configuration. To adequately address warehouse optimization, product storage configuration and method of operation must be evaluated. These two (2) variables cannot be independently developed. To a degree, each is affected by changes in the other. SORA has developed a systematic approach to the analysis of warehousing operations that recognizes this interrelationship. This analysis in general consists of a series of proprietary computer programs and algorithms that are individually customized to suit the particular needs of a client while at the same time maintaining the inter-linked relationship. This methodology is further explained and the date collection requirements are defined in this paper. An example is provided which demonstrates the results of proper analysis and provides sufficient budgetary and “rule-of-thumb” data for implementation of preliminary analysis of your own needs. Paper published with permission.
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Jiang, Frank X., Penelope Georges, Uday Chippada, Lulu Li, Bernard Yurke, Rene S. Schloss, Bonnie L. Firestein, and Noshir A. Langrana. "Spinal Cord Neuronal Cell Properties Respond Differentially to the Stiffness of DNA Crosslinked Hydrogels." In ASME 2008 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2008-192402.
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Mechanical cues arising from extracellular matrices greatly affect cellular properties, and hence, are of significance in designing biomaterials. Similar to many other cell types, including fibroblasts and hepatocytes, central nervous system (CNS) neurons have been found to exhibit distinct responses to the stiffness of the substrates they reside on [1]. There is an increasing awareness that mechanical properties also play a key role in successful utilization of scaffolds for those tissues whose major functions are not load-bearing, such as the spinal cord. In light of this, there is a growing interest in incorporating mechanical cues in biomaterial design for neural tissue engineering applications, including spinal cord injury.
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Ma, Jianfeng, Xianchen Ge, and Shuting Lei. "Energy Efficiency in Thermally Assisted Machining of Titanium Alloy: A Numerical Study." In ASME 2013 International Manufacturing Science and Engineering Conference collocated with the 41st North American Manufacturing Research Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/msec2013-1207.
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This study investigates the energy utilization and efficiency in thermally assisted machining (TEM) of a titanium alloy using numerical simulation. AdvantEdge FEM is used to conduct the simulation of orthogonal machining of the workpiece. Thermal boundary conditions are specified to approximate laser preheating of the workpiece material. The effects of operating conditions (preheat temperature, cutting speed, depth of cut, and rake angle) on mechanical cutting energy, preheat energy, and energy efficiency are investigated. The results show that preheating the workpiece reduces the cutting energy but increases the total energy in TEM. There is significant potential to maximize total energy efficiency in TEM by optimal design of heating strategies and machining conditions.
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Doraiswamy, Srikanth, Sundar Krishnamurty, and Ian R. Grosse. "Decision Making in Finite Element Analysis." In ASME 1999 Design Engineering Technical Conferences. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc99/cie-9058.
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Abstract In the absence of analytical expressions for design performance parameters, designers must often resort to either statistical or computer-based numerical techniques for performance estimation. Computer-based techniques without adequate assumptions are often very expensive and thus are infeasible for a complex design. Statistical response surface methods are cheaper, but they have poor accuracy for complex design configurations. Moreover, an initial set of data points are needed for the response surface methodology, which can only be obtained by computer-based techniques or real world data. Finally, the selection of an appropriate model to evaluate a design should be based on designer’s preferences. This paper addresses these issues through the development of a decision based modeling methodology that effectively unites the numerical and statistical approaches. In this work, concepts from decision analysis are employed to deal with trade-offs between modeling attributes from a maximum expected utility perspective to identify “overall best” finite element models based on performance attributes such as analysis accuracy, computational cost and model resolution. Its utilization in a design setup is illustrated with the aid of a windshield wiper case study for selecting the best overall finite element analysis model.
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Ravani, B., and J. W. Wang. "Computer Aided Geometric Design of Line Constructs." In ASME 1990 Design Technical Conferences. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc1990-0030.
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Abstract This paper develops a mathematical foundation for Computer Aided Design (CAD) of sculptured shapes based on line geometry. First, a new representation is presented for a line based on Plücker coordinates that would allow specification of a line segment (rather than an infinite line) in an elegant manner and suitable for computational purposes. Then, methods are presented for geometric design of shape patches (here referred to as line constructs) by interpolating or approximating a set of control lines (rather than control points) using ruled surfaces, line congruences and line complexes. The methods presented are general and allow utilization of different basis functions such as Bézier, Cardinal and B-spline bases. As Computer Aided Manufacturing (CAM) application of the theory, methods are developed for generation of offsets of ruled surfaces useful in Numerical Control (NC) milling and tool motion generation in the Wire Cut Electric Discharge Machining (EDM) operation.
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Starkey, Elizabeth M., Mohammad Alsager Alzayed, Samuel T. Hunter, and Scarlett R. Miller. "Confidently Exploring the Solution Space: The Within-Subject Effects of Product Dissection on Design Variety and Creative Self-Efficacy." In ASME 2018 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2018-85875.
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Product dissection is a popular educational tool in engineering design due to its ability to help students understand the components and sub-components of a product, provide inspiration for new design ideas, and aid in product redesign. While prior research has investigated how dissecting a product before idea generation impacts the creative output of the ideation session, these studies failed to look at the types of ideas generated before dissection or how the type of product dissected impacts this. In addition, few studies have looked at how creative self-efficacy (CSE), or one’s belief in their creative ability, is influenced by these intervention activities. Thus, the current study was developed to respond to these research voids through an exploratory study with engineering design students. The results of the study suggest that virtual dissection helps students generate a larger variety of ideas after the activity at the physical principle, working principle, and embodiment levels, and that the complexity of the dissected product impacts variation at the embodiment level. In addition, CSE was not affected by the dissection activity. These results strongly support the utilization and implementation of dissection practices in engineering education as a means for aiding students in the expansion of the solution space in the early stages of design. They also bring attention to the need to explore the exact cause-effect relationship between innovation interventions and student confidence gains in their creative abilities.
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Rose, Jerry G., Paulo Fonseca Teixeira, and Nathan E. Ridgway. "Utilization of Asphalt/Bituminous Layers and Coatings in Railway Trackbeds: A Compendium of International Applications." In 2010 Joint Rail Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/jrc2010-36146.
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During the past thirty years the use of a layer(s) of hot-mix asphalt pavement within railway track structures has steadily increased until it is becoming a common consideration or practice for specific conditions and areas in several countries throughout the world. This practice augments, and for certain designs replace, the traditional granular support materials. It is considered to be a premium trackbed design. The primary documented benefits are to provide additional support to improve load distributing capabilities of the trackbed components, decrease load-induced subgrade pressures, improve and control drainage, insure maintenance of specified track geometric properties for heavy tonnage freight lines and high-speed passenger lines, and decrease subsequent expenditures for trackbed maintenance and component replacement costs. The asphalt layer is normally used in combination with traditional granular layers to achieve various configurations. This paper presents a compendium of International Asphalt Trackbed Applications. The various factors are discussed that are considered in the design phases and subsequent performance-based tests and analyses. Illustrations include typical sectional views of the trackbed/roadbed components and thicknesses and photographs of construction and finished views for various asphalt trackbed applications in several countries. Following are brief accounts for selected significant international activities emphasizing high-speed and intercity passenger rail line applications. In the United States the use of asphalt trackbeds has steadily grown since the early 1980’s. It is primarily used for maintenance (cure-all) applications in existing tracks to improve trackbed performance and for new trackbed construction where the projected superior performance of asphalt trackbeds can be justified economically. Typically the asphalt layer is 15 cm thick and is topped with conventional ballast. This application does not deviate significantly from typical designs, except the asphalt is substituted for a portion of the granular support materials. Several other countries are actively involved with the construction of new segments or complete rail lines using asphalt (frequently termed – bituminous) trackbeds. For instance, Japan has used asphalt trackbeds on certain test sections for their high-speed rail lines since the 1960’s, but since the 1970’s asphalt trackbeds with ballast cover is a standard on newly constructed rail lines. The 5-cm thickness of asphalt primarily serves as a waterproofing layer and facilitates drainage. The Japanese believe that this will assist in reducing subsequent maintenance costs associated with ballast fouling from subgrade pumping. The Japanese have recently instigated a performance-rank design system. Asphalt trackbed designs are either required or are an option for the two premium trackbed performance ranks. Italy represents another country heavily involved with incorporating asphalt trackbeds in their rail lines. In the late 1970’s Italy placed test sections of both asphalt and concrete on their original Rome to Florence high-speed line. From the Italian perspective the asphalt out-performed the other test sections, leading to standards requiring the use of asphalt trackbeds on all newly constructed high-speed passenger rail lines. The typical asphalt layer thickness is 12 cm. Germany has focused on using asphalt for ballastless trackbed designs. The main asphalt track in use in Germany consists of concrete ties or slab track placed on a 26 to 30-cm thick layer of asphalt. Various designs are incorporated into the system. Recently France installed a 3-km test section of asphalt on their Paris to Strasbourg Eastbound High-Speed Line. The French are currently observing the effects of high-speed trains traversing various test sections to determine how beneficial the use of asphalt trackbeds will be for future high-speed passenger lines. The sections are heavily instrumented for analyzing numerous trackbed induced effects on ride quality and other aspects. Other countries, a recent addition includes Spain, are involved to varying degrees with the development of asphalt trackbed technology, particularly for high-speed and intercity passenger rail lines. Pertinent information and documentation of recent findings and results are included in the paper.
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Dick, Matthew G., David S. McConnell, and Hans C. Iwand. "Experimental Measurement and Finite Element Analysis of Screw Spike Fatigue Loads." In ASME/IEEE 2007 Joint Rail Conference and Internal Combustion Engine Division Spring Technical Conference. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/jrc/ice2007-40090.
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Screw spikes, also known as coach screws, are an advanced alternative to common cut spikes for track fastening. Despite their ability to secure tie plates with a clamp load and utilization of high strength steels, they are still susceptible to bending fatigue failure from lateral wheel loads. A novel method of measuring these bending loads on screw spikes was developed and implemented to characterize the load environment of the screw spikes. Results indicated that measured peak bending loads under lateral wheel loads reached as high as 10,000 lbs for individual spikes, while others carried no load whatsoever. A finite element model was developed to determine the tensile stress fields created by the measured bending loads. A good correlation was found between the FEA model predicted point of highest stress and the location of fracture. Through the testing and analysis it was determined that lateral wheel loads are not distributed evenly among the four screw spikes of a single tie plate. Instead, it was found that one spike carried nearly no load while the spike opposite of it carried more load. Using the finite element analysis it was determined that the spike exposed to the higher loading was subjected to tensile stresses above its endurance limit, which would eventually lead to a bending fatigue failure.