Dissertations / Theses: 'CUG'

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Chukeatirote, Ekachai. "Evolution of CUG codon reassignment in Candida species." Thesis, University of Kent, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.300944.

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Gromak, Natalia. "The role of CUG-repeat RNA elements and CUG-binding proteins in the regulation of α-actinin and α-tropomyosin alternative splicing." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.620151.

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Delorimier, Elaine. "Structure-Stabilizing RNA Modifications Prevent MBNL Binding to Toxic CUG and CCUG Repeat RNA in Myotonic Dystrophy." Thesis, University of Oregon, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/19313.

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Myotonic dystrophy is a genetic neurodegenerative disease caused by repeat expansion mutations. Myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1) is caused by a CTG repeat expansion in the 3’ UTR of the dystrophia myotonia protein kinase (DMPK) gene, while myotonic dystrophy type 2 (DM2) is caused by a CCTG repeat expansion in intron 1 of the zinc finger protein nine (Znf9) gene. When expressed, these genes produce long CUG/CCUG repeat RNAs that bind and sequester a family of RNA-binding proteins known as muscleblind-like 1, 2 and 3 (MBNL1, MBNL2, MBNL3). Sequestration of these proteins plays a prominent role in pathogenicity in myotonic dystrophy. MBNL proteins regulate alternative splicing, and myotonic dystrophy symptoms are a result of mis-spliced transcripts that MBNL proteins regulate. MBNL proteins bind to a consensus sequence YGCY (Y = pyrimidine), which is found in CUG and CCUG repeats, and cellular RNA substrates that MBNL proteins bind and regulate. CUG and CCUG repeats can form A-form helices, however it is hypothesized that MBNL proteins bind to the helices when they are open and the YGCY binding site is single-stranded in nature. To evaluate this hypothesis, we used structure-stabilizing RNA modifications pseudouridine (Ψ) and 2’-O-methylation to determine if stabilization of CUG and CCUG repeat helices affected MBNL1 binding and toxicity. We also used Ψ to determine if the structure-stabilizing modification affected MBNL binding to single-stranded YGCY RNA. CUG repeats modified with Ψ or 2’-O-methyl groups exhibited enhanced structural stability and reduced affinity for MBNL1. Ψ also stabilized the structure of CCUG repeats and rigidified single-stranded YGCY RNA and inhibited MBNL1 binding to both of these RNAs. Binding data from CCUG repeats and single-stranded YGCY RNA suggest that both pyrimidines in the YGCY motif must be modified for significant inhibition. Molecular dynamics and X-ray crystallography suggest a potential water-bridging mechanism for Ψ-mediated CUG repeat stabilization. Molecular dynamics simulations suggest that Ψ increases base-stacking interactions, and reducing the flexibility of single-stranded RNA leads to reduced MBNL1 binding. Ψ modification rescued mis-splicing in a cellular DM1 model and prevented CUG repeat toxicity in zebrafish embryos. This dissertation includes previously published and unpublished coauthored material.

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Truong, Brian. "Myotonic dystrophy : the structure of CUG repeats in solution /." view abstract or download text of file, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/3958.

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Sun, Guangping. "Chromatin condensation and fragmentation caused by CUG-initiated FGF-2 in cardiomyocytes." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape2/PQDD_0023/MQ51803.pdf.

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Siboni, Ruth. "Characterization of Small Molecules that Reduce CUG Repeat RNA in Myotonic Dystrophy." Thesis, University of Oregon, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/19260.

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Myotonic dystrophy (DM) is an inherited disease characterized by myotonia, insulin resistance, cardiomyopathy, and cognitive deficiencies. DM is a triplet repeat disorder, meaning that affected individuals carry anywhere between 50 and thousands of CTG/CCTG repeats in their genetic makeup. When transcribed into RNA, these repeats become “toxic” in the sense that they serve to bind and sequester important RNA binding proteins. One such family of proteins, the Muscleblind-like (MBNL) family, is important in the regulation of alternative mRNA splicing, and thus the sequestration of MBNL proteins leads to a number of mis-splicing events. Many of these events are directly correlated to DM symptoms. While there is no known cure for DM, the use of small molecules to treat symptoms is a well-characterized therapeutic tactic with immense promise. Pentamidine is a small molecule that was found to reverse mis-splicing in both DM cell and mouse models. Mechanistically, this molecule is particularly unique because unlike many small molecules, which physically displace MBNL from the toxic CUG RNA, pentamidine reduces CUG RNA levels, possibly through inhibition of CTG transcription. Chapter I summarizes alternative splicing mechanisms and regulation, defines MBNL protein structure and function, describes DM pathophysiology and molecular mechanism, and finally provides an overview of pentamidine characterization as a small molecule therapeutic. Chapter II reports the development of an in vitro T7 transcription assay, which allowed us to compare the relative efficacy by which pentamidine is able to inhibit the transcription of various repeat and non-repeat DNA sequences. This chapter further reports the characterization of a series of methylene linker analogues of pentamidine, which were also characterized through the T7 transcription assay. Chapter III details our thorough structure-activity relationship investigation of bisbenzamidine analogues of pentamidine, both in in vivo and in vitro models. Chapter IV describes our characterization of actinomycin D, a known transcription inhibitor and chemotherapeutic, within the DM disease framework. Chapter V summarizes these data, which ultimately serve as a proof of concept for the potential of CTG transcription inhibition in therapeutic contexts and broadly describe their application in other repeat diseases. This dissertation contains previously published and unpublished co-authored material.
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WIlburn, Brian P. "Expression of bidirectional CUG/CAG transcripts and polyglutamine mediated interference of CREB-binding protein function in a mouse model of Huntington's disease like-2." Diss., Restricted to subscribing institutions, 2008. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1779835091&sid=4&Fmt=2&clientId=1564&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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Matlin, Arianne Jane. "Regulation of α-actinin alternative splicing by polypyrimidine tract binding protein and CUG binding proteins." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.614724.

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Le, Mée Gwenn. "Protéines de liaison à l'ARN et toxicité des ARN portant des expansions CUG chez la drosophile." Montpellier 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007MON1T010.

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La DM1 est une maladie génétique liée à des expansions de triplets CTG dans la région 3'UTR du gène de la myotonine protéine kinase (le gène dmpk). Le nombre de répétitions, inférieur à 37 chez un sujet sain, peut atteindre plusieurs milliers dans les formes sévères. L'ARN dmpk muté portant les expansions CUG, sous forme de structure double brin, s'accumule dans les noyaux sous forme de foyers. Plusieurs arguments suggèrent un effet toxique de l'ARN par séquestration de protéines de liaison à l'ARN double brin comme les protéines MBNL homologues des protéines Muscleblind de drosophile. En outre, l'activité de la protéine CUG-BP1 de liaison aux répétitions CUG est affectée. Mon travail de thèse a porté tout d'abord sur l'identification et la caractérisation du facteur de drosophile homologue de la CUG-BP1 (Delaunay et al. , NAR 2004). Les acteurs de la DM1 sont donc conservés entre la drosophile et l'homme. En raison de cette conservation, la deuxième partie de mes travaux de thèse a porté précisément sur la réalisation de modèles drosophile pour la DM1. Le but de ce travail est d'analyser les mécanismes moléculaires de la pathogénicité des expansions CTG et en particulier de vérifier l'hypothèse de la toxicité des ARN portant des expansions CUG. Des lignées de drosophiles transgéniques ont donc été réalisées en utilisant le système UAS/Gal4 qui permet de contrôler spacio-temporellement l'expression de l'ARN transgénique. Comme chez l'homme, dans tous les tissus observés où leur expression est induite, les expansions CUG240 et 480 forment des foyers nucléaires. Pourtant, parmi sept lignées différentes, la toxicité n'est observée que dans une seule lignée CTG240. Une analyse moléculaire a donc été menée afin d'identifier le mécanisme qui permet de rendre compte de ces différences. En conclusion de ces travaux, nous pouvons affirmer que les expansions CUG ne sont pas toxiques par elles-mêmes quelle que soit leur taille. En outre, les différences de niveau des ARN CUGn produits ne se traduisent pas par des différences de toxicité. Le facteur déterminant de la toxicité semble être lié au contexte dans lequel l'expansion est insérée.

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Barreau, Carine. "Étude fonctionnelle des éléments riches en AU de type III et implication de la protéine CUG-BP1." Rennes 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005REN1S055.

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Les éléments riches en AU (AU-rich element, ARE) sont des séquences localisées dans la région 3' non traduite (3'UTR) d'ARNm mammifères instables. Par transfection de cellules mammifères, nous avons démontré que la présence de l'ARE du proto-oncogène c-jun (classe III) ou d'une séquence EDEN stimule la traduction tout en déstabilisant un ARNm rapporteur. Les résultats, obtenus par "adressage" de la protéine CUG-BP1 sur un ARNm rapporteur et par inhibition de l'expression de la CUG-BP1 par interférence à l'ARN, impliquent la CUG-BP1 dans ce double effet de déstabilisation et de stimulation traductionnelle causé par un ARE de classe III. L'ensemble de ces données révèle une importante complexité des régulations post-transcriptionnelles de l'expression des gènes liées aux ARE de classe III.

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Blech-Hermoni, Yotam. "Roles of CUG-BP, Elav-Like Family Member 1 (CELF1), an RNA Binding Protein, During Vertebrate Heart Development." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1417636826.

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Coonrod, Leslie, and Leslie Coonrod. "Targeting Myotonic Dystrophy with Small Molecules." Thesis, University of Oregon, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/12379.

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Myotonic dystrophy (DM) is one of the most common forms of muscular dystrophy, characterized by its hallmark symptom myotonia. DM is an autosomal dominant disease caused by a toxic gain of function RNA. The toxic RNA is produced from expanded non-coding CTG/CCTG repeats, and these CUG/CCUG repeats sequester a family of RNA binding proteins. The Muscleblind-like (MBNL) family of RNA binding proteins are sequestered to the expanded CUG/CCUG repeats. The MBNL proteins are regulators of alternative splicing, and their sequestration to the toxic RNA leads to mis-splicing events, which are believed to cause the symptoms observed in DM patients. A previously reported screen for small molecules used to identify compounds that could disrupt MBNL from binding the toxic CUG repeats found that pentamidine was able to rescue splicing defects associated with DM. Herein, we present a new class of molecules (phenolsulphonphthaleins) that inhibited MBNL1/CUG repeat complex formation in a competitive electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA). Additionally, one of these molecules, bromophenol blue (BPB), acted in a synergistic manner with the previously described inhibitor pentamidine. We also demonstrated that the halogenation of the phenolsulphonphthalein dyes is an important factor for activity. Moreover, we presentant analysis of a series of methylene linker variants of pentamidine that revealed heptamidine (an analog of pentamidine) could reverse splicing defects in a DM1 tissue culture model and rescue myotonia in a DM1 mouse model. Finally, we report on a new crystal structure of CUG repeats, crystallized in the context of a GAAA tetraloop/receptor which facilitated ordered packing within the crystal. This structure was consistent with previous structures showing that the repeats are essentially A-form RNA, despite having a U-U mismatch every third base pair. We also identified six types of U-U mismatch in the context of the 5'CUG/3'GUC motif, suggesting that the interactions between the uridines are dynamic. This structure also contains the highest resolution GAAA tetraloop/receptor structure (1.95 Å) reported to date. This dissertation includes previously unpublished co-authored material.

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Fleming, Victoria Amber. "Complex Regulation Of Neurofibromatosis Type I Exon 23a Inclusion By The CUG-BP AND ETR-3-LIKE Factors (CELF) And Muscleblind-Like (MBNL) Proteins." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1333490345.

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14

Chan, Nelson Lap Shun. "IDENTIFICATION OF ACTIVITIES INVOLVED IN CAG/CTG REPEAT INSTABILITY." UKnowledge, 2011. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/gradschool_diss/832.

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CAG/CTG repeat instability is associated with at least 14 neurological disorders, including Huntington’s disease and Myotonic dystrophy type 1. In vitro and in vivo studies have showed that CAG/CTG repeats form a stable hairpin that is believed to be the intermediate for repeat expansion and contraction. Addition of extra DNA is essential for repeat expansion, so DNA synthesis is one of the keys for repeat expansion. In vivo studies reveal that 3’ CTG slippage with subsequent hairpin formation (henceforth called the 3’ CTG slippage hairpin) occurs during DNA synthesis. It is proposed that hairpin tolerance machinery is activated because prolonged stalling of DNA polymerase triggers severe DNA damage. As a means toward studying the hairpin-mediated expansion, we created a special hairpin substrate, mimicking the 3’ CTG slippage hairpin, to determine which polymerase promotes hairpin bypass. Our studies reveal polymerase β (pol β) is involved in the initial hairpin synthesis while polymerase δ (pol δ) is responsible for the resumption of DNA synthesis beyond the hairpin (extension step). Surprisingly, we also found that the pol δ can remove the short CTG hairpin by excision of the hairpin with its 3’ to 5’ exonuclease activity. Besides repairing the hairpin directly, resolving the hairpin is an alternative pathway to maintain CAG/CTG repeat stability. With limited understanding of which human helicase is responsible for resolving CAG/CTG hairpins, we conducted a screening approach to identify the human helicase involved. Werner Syndrome Protein (WRN) induces the hairpin repair activity when (CTG)35 hairpin is formed on the template strand. Primer extension assay reveals that WRN stimulates pol δ synthesis on (CAG)35/(CTG)35 template and such induction was still found in the presence of accessory factors. Helicase assay confirms that WRN unwinds CTG hairpin structures. Our studies provide a better understanding of how polymerases and helicases play a role in CAG/CTG repeat instability. Considering CAG/CTG repeat instability associated disorders are still incurable, our studies can provide several potential therapeutic targets for treating and/or preventing CAG/CTG repeat associated disorders.

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Espírito, Ana Cláudia Pereira. "Saccharomycotin transcriptomics by next-generation sequencing." Master's thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/15677.

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Mestrado em Biomedicina Molecular
The non-standard decoding of the CUG codon in Candida cylindracea raises a number of questions about the evolutionary process of this organism and other species Candida clade for which the codon is ambiguous. In order to find some answers we studied the transcriptome of C. cylindracea, comparing its behavior with that of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (standard decoder) and Candida albicans (ambiguous decoder). The transcriptome characterization was performed using RNA-seq. This approach has several advantages over microarrays and its application is booming. TopHat and Cufflinks were the software used to build the protocol that allowed for gene quantification. About 95% of the reads were mapped on the genome. 3693 genes were analyzed, of which 1338 had a non-standard start codon (TTG/CTG) and the percentage of expressed genes was 99.4%. Most genes have intermediate levels of expression, some have little or no expression and a minority is highly expressed. The distribution profile of the CUG between the three species is different, but it can be significantly associated to gene expression levels: genes with fewer CUGs are the most highly expressed. However, CUG content is not related to the conservation level: more and less conserved genes have, on average, an equal number of CUGs. The most conserved genes are the most expressed. The lipase genes corroborate the results obtained for most genes of C. cylindracea since they are very rich in CUGs and nothing conserved. The reduced amount of CUG codons that was observed in highly expressed genes may be due, possibly, to an insufficient number of tRNA genes to cope with more CUGs without compromising translational efficiency. From the enrichment analysis, it was confirmed that the most conserved genes are associated with basic functions such as translation, pathogenesis and metabolism. From this set, genes with more or less CUGs seem to have different functions. The key issues on the evolutionary phenomenon remain unclear. However, the results are consistent with previous observations and shows a variety of conclusions that in future analyzes should be taken into consideration, since it was the first time that such a study was conducted.
A descodificação não-standard do codão CUG na Candida cylindracea levanta uma série de questões sobre o processo evolutivo deste organismo e de outras espécies do subtipo Candida para as quais o codão é ambíguo. No sentido de encontrar algumas respostas procedeu-se ao estudo do transcriptoma de C. cylindracea, comparando o seu comportamento com o de Saccharomyces cerevisiae (descodificador standard) e de Candida albicans (descodificador ambíguo). A caracterização do transcriptoma foi realizada a partir de RNA-seq. Esta metodologia apresenta várias vantagens em relação aos microarrays e a sua aplicação encontra-se em franca expansão. TopHat e Cufflinks foram os softwares utilizados na construção do protocolo que permitiu efectuar a quantificação génica. Cerca de 95% das reads alinharam contra o genoma. Foram analisados 3693 genes, 1338 dos quais com codão start não-standard (TTG/CTG) e a percentagem de genoma expresso foi de 99,4%. Maioritarimente, os genes têm níveis de expressão intermédios, alguns apresentam pouca ou nenhuma expressão e uma minoria é altamente expressa. O perfil de distribuição do codão CUG entre as três espécies é muito diferente, mas pode associar-se significativamente aos níveis de expressão: os genes com menos CUGs são os mais altamente expressos. Porém, o conteúdo em CUG não se relaciona com o nível de conservação: genes mais e menos conservados têm, em média, igual número de CUGs. Os genes mais conservados são os mais expressos. Os genes de lipases corroboram os resultados obtidos para os genes de C. cylindracea em geral, sendo muito ricos em CUGs e nada conservados. A quantidade reduzida de codões CUG que se observa em genes altamente expressos pode dever-se, eventualmente, a um número insuficiente de genes de tRNA para fazer face a mais CUGs sem comprometer a eficiência da tradução. A partir da análise de enriquecimento foi possível confirmar que os genes mais conservados estão associados a funções básicas como tradução, patogénese e metabolismo. Dentro destes, os genes com mais e menos CUGs parecem ter funções diferentes. As questões-chave sobre o fenómeno evolutivo permanecem por esclarecer. No entanto, os resultados são compatíveis com as observações anteriores e são apresentadas várias conclusões que em futuras análises devem ser tidas em consideração, já que foi a primeira vez que um estudo deste tipo foi realizado.

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James, Andrew Moray. "Molecular beam laser spectroscopy of the molecules Cu2, CuAg and Ag2." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/12278.

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Transition metal clusters were generated by laser vaporisation in the throat of a pulsed supersonic expansion. Detection was accomplished by pulsed laser photoionisation in the source of a time-of-flight mass spectrometer (University of Edinburgh), or by laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) using a ring dye laser (National Research Council of Canada, Ottawa). A variety of metal cluster systems from the first and second transition periods were probed using laser photoionisation time-of-flight mass spec-trometry. Resonant two photon ionisation (R2PI) spectroscopy was performed on the A «— X system of CuAg, and the A state conclusively demonstrated tp have 0"*" symmetry. Rotational analysis yielded T"C =2.3664(71) X and re =2.508(14) X for 63Cu107 Ag. The collision-free lifetime for the v = 0 level of the A state was determined to be 32 ± 2 ns. Congested ultraviolet band systems lying at twice the A «— X transition energy were probed using vibronic R2PI spectroscopy. Ring dye laser fluorescence spectroscopy was used to probe the A «— X system of Ag2 with Doppler-limited resolution. A rotational analysis gave re =2.53118(28) X and r'e =2.65337(31) X. The adiabatic ionisation potentials of Cu2 and CuAg were determined using threshold ionisation spectroscopy (TIS) to be 7.90426(42) eV and 7.78058(54) eV respectively. The dissociation energies of the ion ground states were accordingly determined to be 1.83(08) eV (Cu2) and 1.56(10) eV (CuAg). Rich autoionisation structure in the post-threshold region was observed for both these systems. Electronic excitation in the Group Ib transition metal dimers is discussed in the light of the R2PI, LIF and TTS results.

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Dunlop, Thomas William. "The isolation and characterisation of mouse genes containing CAG/CTG trinucleotide repeats." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.363168.

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De, castro Simas da Costa Freire Tiago Joao. "Musique et liturgie au Monastère de Santa Cruz de Coimbra (c.1650) : les sons d'un Cartapacio à travers l'édition critique du manuscrit musical 51 de l'Université de Coimbra." Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSES031/document.

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Le corpus du projet repose sur les Cartapácios de Coimbra, un ensemble de manuscrits du milieu du XVIIe siècle, résolument passionnants et pratiquement inédits, issus de Santa Cruz et conservés à la Bibliothèque Générale de l’Université de Coimbra. Le présent travail s’inscrit dans un projet de recherche multidisciplinaire en cours à l’Université de Coimbra (Mundos e Fundos | CECH), et se concentre sur l´un des seize manuscrits de cette collection : le manuscrit musical 51 (MM 51). Il constitue la première étude détaillée d’un cartapácio comportant également son édition critique complète. Cette étude monographique engage également une confrontation permanente avec les quinze autres cartapácios et avec son contexte spécifique portugais et ibérique.D’après notre étude philologique, le MM 51 s’avère un cahier d’usage personnel d’un musicien à l’œuvre. Il contient un répertoire très varié regroupant des œuvres sur textes latins et sur textes vernaculaires. Les propositions polyphoniques que le manuscrit offre sont multiples et variées, souvent au sein d’une même œuvre, et appartiennent à un langage typiquement ibérique. La majorité de la musique est écrite à huit voix, toujours en polychoralité et accompagnée d’un guião, avec divers contrastes produits notamment par un style concertato.Le travail est fondé sur une approche positiviste, philologique et critique, le tout enrichi par une expérimentation analytique et sensible du répertoire, grâce au laboratoire musicale de la Capella Sanctae Crucis.Notre thèse espère ainsi contribuer à enrichir les fondements d’une meilleure connaissance de l’activité musicale du XVIIe siècle portugais
This study is based on Cartapácios de Coimbra, an ensemble of practically unstudied seventeenth century music manuscripts preserved at Coimbra’s University Library (Biblioteca Geral da Universidade de Coimbra). It is part of a multidisciplinary research project currently in progress at University of Coimbra (Mundos e Fundos | CECH). The research is concentrated on one manuscript among the sixteen that constitute this collection: musical manuscript 51 (MM 51). This study is the first ever detailed study over one cartapácio including its complete critical edition. Although focussing primarily on one cartapácio, a comparative analysis with the respect to the other fifteen cartapácios was also conducted, and located in the specific Portuguese and Iberian context.According to our philological study, the MM 51 seems to be a notebook for private use of a working musician. It contains a very diverse repertoire comprising both vernacular and Latin works. The polyphonic settings in the manuscript are multiple and varied, often within the same work, and belong to a typically Iberian language. The majority of the music is written for eight voices, always in polychorality and accompanied by a guião, with various contrasts produced in particular by a concertato style.A positivist, philological and critical approach was taken in the research, which was supplemented by an experimental performance of the repertory, thanks to the musical laboratory Capella Sanctae Crucis.It is hoped that this thesis study will substantially enrich the knowledge base of Portuguese seventeenth century musical activity

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Ezzeddine, Nader. "De la conservation de la répression traductionnelle dépendante de l'élément EDEN à la drosophile comme modèle potentiel pour la dystrophie myotonique de Steinert (DM1) : un même facteur de régulation des ARNm fixe l'élément EDEN et les répétitions CUG." Montpellier 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003MON1T003.

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MON TRAVAIL DE THESE A PORTE SUR UNE ANALYSE DE LA REGULATION POST-TRANSCRIPTIONNELLE CHEZ LA DROSOPHILE. IL COMPORTE ESSENTIELLEMENT DEUX PARTIES. J'AI MONTRE, DANS UN PREMIER TEMPS, QU'IL Y A CONSERVATION ENTRE LA DROSIPHILE ET LE XENOPE DU MECANISME DE REPRESSION TRADUCTIONNELLE DES ARNm MATERNELS DEPENDANT DE L'ELEMENT EDEN (CONSTITUE DE REPETITIONS UG/UA). J'AI, DANS UNE DEUXIEME PARTIE DE CE TRAVAIL, IDENTIFIE UN FACTEUR DE DROSOPHILE QUI FIXE L'ELEMENT EDEN. CE FACTEUR, COMME LE FACTEUR DE XENOPE EDEN-BP ET LE FACTEUR HUMAIN CUG-BP AVEC LESQUELS IL PARTAGE UNE FORTE HOMOLOGIE, FIXE EGALEMENT DES REPETITIONS CUG. COMPTE-TENU DE LA CONSERVATION DE LA CUG-BP ET DE SON ROLE DANS LA DYSTROPHIE MYOTONIQUE DE STEINERT (DM1) NOUS NOUS SOMMES PROPOSES D'ETABLIR LA DROSOPHILE COMME MODELE POUR LA DM1. DANS LE CADRE DE CETTE THESE, SEULES LES EXPERIENCES PRELIMINAIRES ONT PU ETRE REALISEES.

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Jackson, Adam. "Effect of helicases on the instability of CTG・CAG trinucleotide repeat arrays in the escherichia coli chromosome." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/4782.

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A trinucleotide repeat (TNR) is a 3 base pair (bp) DNA sequence tandemly repeated in an array. In humans, TNR sequences have been found to be associated with at least 14 severe neurological diseases including Huntington disease, myotonic dystrophy and several of the spinocerebellar ataxias. Such diseases are caused by an expansion of the repeat sequence beyond a threshold length and are characterized by non-Mendelian patterns of inheritance which lead to genetic anticipation. Although the mechanism of the genetic instability in these arrays is not yet fully understood, various models have been suggested based on the in vitro observation that TNR sequences can form secondary structures such as pseudo-hairpins. In order to investigate the mechanisms responsible for instability of TNR sequences, a study was carried out on Escherichia coli cells in which TNR arrays had been integrated into the chromosomal lacZ gene. This genetic assay was used to identify proteins and pathways involved in deletion and/or expansion instability. Deletion instability was clearly dependent on orientation of the TNR sequence relative to the origin of replication. Interestingly, it was found that expansion instability is not dependent on the orientation of the repeat array relative to the origin of replication. The replication fork reversal pathway and the RecFOR mediated gap repair pathway were found to have no statistically significant influence on the instability of TNR arrays. However, the protein UvrD was found to affect the deletion instability of TNR sequences. The roles of key helicase genes were investigated for their effects on instability of chromosomal CTG•CAG repeats. Mutation of the rep gene increased deletion in the CTG leading-strand orientation of the repeat array, and expansion in both orientations - destabilizing the TNR array. RecQ helicase was found to have a significant effect on TNR instability in the orientation in which CAG repeats were present on the leading-strand relative to the origin of replication. Mutation of the recQ gene severely limited the number of expansion events in this orientation, whilst having no effect on deletions. This dependence of expansions on RecQ was lost in a rep mutant strain. In a rep mutant expansions were shown to be partially dependent on the DinG helicase. All together, these results suggest a model of TNR instability in which expansions are due to events occurring at either the leading or lagging strand of an arrested replication fork, facilitated by helicase action. The identity of the helicase implicated is determined by the nature of the arrest.

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Renevier, Hubert. "Etude des défauts structuraux dans les composés substitués YBa2(CU2)2(CU1,M)1O6+x, M = CO, AU." Grenoble 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991GRE10085.

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Nous avons etudie la substitution des atomes de cuivre par des elements 3d dans les composes yba#2(cu,m)#3o#6#+#x, nous nous sommes plus particulierement interesses aux substituants qui vont dans le site cu1 et qui perturbent selectivement le reservoir de charges. Par des experiences de diffraction aux rayons x, electrons et neutrons, d'exafs, de xanes et de thermogravimetrie faites sur les composes oxydes et reduits, nous avons determine l'ordre de l'atome substituant, sa coordination, sa valence et son impact sur les liaisons chimiques cu-o. La diffusion observee sur les composes substitues (m=fe, co) correspond a un deplacement transverse de l'ensemble des atomes, ce deplacement est lie aux deformations orthorhombiques locales creees par des micro-chaines cu1-04. Les atomes substituants favorisent la cassure des chaines cu1-04 et se groupent pour partager des atomes d'oxygene. L'environnement des atomes de cobalt est soit tetraedrique regulier, soit octaedrique tres deforme. L'environnement des atomes de cobalt est semblable dans les phases oxydees et reduites. La valence du cation co est 3+ dans les etats oxydes et reduits. Les atomes au ont tendance a rester isoles, ils sont en coordination plan carree et ont une valence 3+. Ils piegent egalement des oxygenes supplementaires mais ils favorisent la formation des chaines cu1-04 et la symetrie orthorhombique. Dans les composes yba#2(cu,m)#3o#6#+#x (m=co, fe) les distances (m,cu1)-0 sont plus courtes que les distances cu1-0 dans les composes purs ayant le meme contenu en oxygene, en consequence, la distance apicale cu2-0 est plus grande. L'or a un effet inverse sur ces liaisons chimiques. La diminution du tc observee pour les substitutions co, fe peut s'associer a cette grande distance cu2-0 alors que l'insensibilite du tc aux faibles substitutions par l'or peut etre reliee a un effet de pression de au3+ sur cette distance apicale

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Giliberti, Patrizia. "A interpretação das sonatas de Domenico Scarlatti no piano moderno: edição crítica dos manuscritos: "Manuscrito P-Cug MM 58, 10 da Biblioteca Geral da Universidade de Coimbra", "Essercizi per Gravicembalo (1738) da Biblioteca Nacional de Portugal" e "Manuscrito F. C. R. 194. 1 da Biblioteca Nacional de Portugal"." Doctoral thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/10693.

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A tese tem o objetivo de dar os fundamentos para uma interpretação atual, no piano moderno, das sonatas de Domenico Scarlatti contidas nas coleções portuguesas: Essercizi per gravicembalo, Manuscrito P-Cug MM 58,10 da Biblioteca Geral da Universidade de Coimbra e Manuscrito F. C. R. 194. 1 da Biblioteca Nacional de Portugal, originalmente compostas para os instrumentos de tecla da época. Apresenta uma nova edição crítica destas sonatas, em notação moderna e com dedilhação, que tem como base a análise formal e harmónico-estrutural, incluindo os aspetos organológicos, de ornamentação, andamento, ritmo, fraseado, articulação, dedilhação, dinâmica e uso do pedal das mesmas sonatas, o estudo comparativo de todas as fontes existentes, assim como uma análise das diversas gravações disponíveis. Do mesmo modo, o compositor e a sua obra, com especial relevo para as sonatas, encontram-se historicamente contextualizados, pois a compreensão das suas intenções, da prática da época e das suas convenções de interpretação devem ser aliadas à criatividade do intérprete; #### ABSTRACT: The purpose of the thesis is to provide the basis for a modern interpretation on the modern piano of Domenico Scarlatti's sonatas included in the Portuguese collections, Essercizi per gravicembalo of Biblioteca Nacional de Portugal, Coimbra Manuscript n. 58 P-Cug MM 58,10 and the Portuguese F. C. R. Manuscript 194. 1 of Biblioteca Nacional de Portugal which were originally composed for the keyboard instruments of the time. A new critical edition of these sonatas is presented, with modern notation and fingering, based on a formal, structural and harmonic analysis, including some aspects regarding organology ornamentation, tempo, rhythm, phrasing, articulation, fingering, dynamics and the use of the pedal, a comparative study of all existing sources as well as an analysis of various recordings available. The composer and his work are also historically contextualized with special focus on the sonatas, because a comprehension of his intentions and the performance practices of his time should be associated to the creativity of the interpreter.

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Núñez, Ramos Patricia, and del Hombre Bueno Mérida Juan Romero. "Developent of a Vending Cup.- Mistral Vending Cup." Thesis, University of Skövde, School of Technology and Society, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-3478.

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This is a Bachelor Degree Project report based on the design of a plastic vending cup.The project is carried out in cooperation with the company Promens Lidköping,manufacturer of a wide range of plastic products as food packaging, trays, pots, cups andsheets for the food industry.

A vending cup is a product used to contain hot beverages which come from vendingcoffee machines. It is a product daily used in many different environments as hospitals,offices, libraries and common places, etc. Consequently it is aimed at a varied public.

The redesign was focused mainly on the aesthetics aspect attempting to transmit aninnovative touch that would change the concept of today’s simple vending cup in a waythat it attracts the customer’s attention.

The so called Mistral Vending Cup is a plastic cup which is out of the ordinary currentvending cup by means of a new bright colour, orange, and also its innovative shape, inthis field, constituted basically from organic lines and curve surfaces unlike the today’svending cups. The Mistral Vending cup introduces a great change, a new era in thehistory of the vending cups due to its organic shapes never seen in the market.

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Wagner, Moritz. "CpG Oligonukleotide:." Diss., lmu, 2007. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-74172.

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Mäkivierikko, Aram. "CTG Carbon Calculator." Thesis, Uppsala University, Department of Information Technology, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-101181.

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A carbon dioxide emission calculator for buildings created by the U.S.-based company CTG Energetics, Inc. and based on a Excel file has been converted to a ASP.NET / SQL Server web application. Carbon dioxide emissions are calculated using data given by the user (i.e. floor area, workdays per year) in combination with statistical data used in user-selectable presets (i.e. building type, climate zone, type of water-using fixtures). In most cases a custom value can be inserted instead of using a preset. Emissions attributable both directly and indirectly to the building such as building energy use, domestic water use, landscape/irrigation, transportation, materials used for the building/parking lot and the disposal of solid waste are calculated. The emissions can be compared with a national average and/or emissions from alternate scenarios created for the same building. The web application contains some upgrades and extra functionality that would not have been possible in Excel such as user handling.

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Moon, Jen. "Cul de sac /." Online version of thesis, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1850/4392.

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O'Cuinneagain, Liam Sean. "Cuig sceal romansaiochta." Thesis, Ulster University, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.359429.

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Lee, Oi-ling. "The death of Cui Hao, ?-450 Lun Cui Hao zhi si /." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 1989. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B31949502.

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Герасьова, В. Г. "Окисно-відновний каталіз системами на основі [CuL] [MnCl4] та [CuL] [ZnCl4]." Diss. of Candidate of Chemical Sciences, КНУТШ, 2009.

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Terrisse, Marc. "Les transformations des équipements culturels en milieu urbain: inscription dans un projet de développement territorial, approche pluridisciplinaire et gouvernance locale." Centre for Local Government, 2008. http://clg-cgl.politics-and-society.ca/.

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Tanchoux, Philippe. "Heurs et malheurs de l'administration chargée de la protection des monuments historiques en France; 1830-1848." Centre for Local Government, 2008. http://clg-cgl.politics-and-society.ca/.

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Gigot, Mathieu. "Les zones de protection du patrimoine architectural, urbain et paysager (ZPPAUP), une forme de gouvernance patrimoniale ?" Centre for Local Government, 2008. http://clg-cgl.politics-and-society.ca/.

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Gueguen, Catherine. "L'investissement des associations chinoises dans leur environnement urbain : le cas de Metro-Manila, Philippines." Centre for Local Government, 2008. http://clg-cgl.politics-and-society.ca/.

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Lusso, Bruno. "Les politiques culturelles à Roubaix, à la croisée de l'urbain et du social." Centre for Local Government, 2008. http://clg-cgl.politics-and-society.ca/.

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Furesjö, Fredrik. "Multiple cue object recognition." Licentiate thesis, KTH, Numerical Analysis and Computer Science, NADA, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-277.

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Nature is rich in examples of how vision can be successfully used for sensing and perceiving the world and how the gathered information can be utilized to perform a variety of different objectives. The key to successful vision is the internal representations of the visual agent, which enable the agent to successfully perceive properties about the world. Humans perceive a multitude of properties of the world through our visual sense, such as motion, shape, texture, and color. In addition we also perceive the world to be structured into objects which are clustered into different classes - categories. For such a rich perception of the world many different internal representations that can be combined in different ways are necessary. So far much work in computer vision has been focused on finding new and, out of some perspective, better descriptors and not much work has been done on how to combine different representations.

In this thesis a purposive approach in the context of a visual agent to object recognition is taken. When considering object recognition from this view point the situatedness in form of the context and task of the agent becomes central. Further a multiple feature representation of objects is proposed, since a single feature might not be pertinent to the task at hand nor be robust in a given context.

The first contribution of this thesis is an evaluation of single feature object representations that have previously been used in computer vision for object recognition. In the evaluation different interest operators combined with different photometric descriptors are tested together with a shape representation and a statistical representation of the whole appearance. Further a color representation, inspired from human color perception, is presented and used in combination with the shape descriptor to increase the robustness of object recognition in cluttered scenes.

In the last part, which contains the second contribution, of this thesis a vision system for object recognition based on multiple feature object representation is presented together with an architecture of the agent that utilizes the proposed representation. By taking a system perspective to object recognition we will consider the representations performance under a given context and task. The scenario considered here is derived from a fetch scenario performed by a service robot.

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Guettai, Abdelbaki. "aDieu chez C.G. Jung." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/mq25601.pdf.

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Furesjö, Fredrik. "Multiple cue object recognition /." Stockholm : KTH Numerical Analysis and Computer Science, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-277.

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Lu, Kevin. "C.G. Jung and history." Thesis, University of Essex, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.542343.

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Abbott, Reed S. "CPG : closed pseudonymous groups /." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2008. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd2292.pdf.

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Jonsson, Katarina. "Kupavskärning BH : En studie om kupavskärningens påverkan av passformen på BH." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Akademin för textil, teknik och ekonomi, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-12811.

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Litteratur visar på att bysthållare (BH) är ett mycket komplext plagg och endast småjusteringar kan förändra passformen. I denna studie har BH konstruerats med syfte attundersöka vad olika avskärningar över kupan gör med passformen. På modeföretaget därstudien utförts fanns det ett önskemål om bra BH-grunder som underlag för att undvika attleverantören gör konstruktionerna, då måttlista och skiss inte anses som tillräckligt braunderlag att skicka. Genom att själva göra konstruktionerna anser sig företaget få merkontroll över BH:ns passform. Konstruktionerna i denna studie har utvecklats i CADprogramvaranModaris. Detta följt av uppsömnad och avprovning, där BH:arna testas påolika provmodeller med mått motsvarande företagets målgrupp. Under avprovningarna haravprovningsprotokoll förts, där frågor relaterade till litteraturen ställs till de medverkande.Det visar sig att passformen förändras när avskärningen gör det. Detta på grund av attfördelningen av vidden ändras, vilket innebär att kupan får en ny form. För att undvikapassformsproblem på företag kan en idé vara att utveckla ett flertal olika grundkonstruktionermed olika avskärningar, så att endast mindre justeringar krävs, och färre justeringar behövsgöras från grunden.
Literature shows that bras are a very complex piece of clothing and only small adjustmentscan change the fit. In this study, bras has been constructed with the purpose to examine whatdifferent cuts on the bras cup make with the fit. The fashion brand where this study has beenperformed, wanted a basic pattern for bras, since communication with vendors using onlysketches and measurement lists was not enough to get a good result. The patterns in thisstudy have been developed in CAD software Modaris. This followed by sewing and fittingsessions on fitting models with body measurement corresponding to the brands target group.During the fittings, a protocol related to literature is written. After analysing the fit of thebras, it came to show that shape is changed even though the width of the cup is the same.This is because the width is divided differently which gives the cup a new shape. To avoidfitting problems it could be a good idea that companies have more than one basic pattern forbras with different cuts to base their models on, to decrease the proportion of major fittingchanges.

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Oliveira, Marcos Fleury de. "C.G. JUNG: um homem religioso? os sentidos da experiência religiosa em C.G. Jung." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2012. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/1852.

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Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-25T19:20:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Marcos Fleury de Oliveira.pdf: 1739750 bytes, checksum: bdede1f9fae46b5453477a6e8f542e27 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-05-30
The main objective of this study is to deepen the religious thought of C. G. Jung as a possible expansion of knowledge in the field of Religious Science. Within the subdiscipline of Psychology of Religion, Jung can be considered as one of its main representatives and its most significant theoretical contributions covered a wide field of dialogue with philosophy, Christian theology, mythology and history of religions. However, his work needs further studies so that we can overcome a range of misunderstandings, besides interdisciplinary, theoretical and epistemological disputes. To achieve this end, we propose here to investigate the distinct layers of meaning of religious experience - the object of this work - in order to reflect the uniqueness and centrality of this notion in his theory and his worldview. Our hypothesis is that there is in Jungian thought a significant theoretical development from the time that Jung deepens the study of religions, which would allow us to recognize a new level in reference to what is traditionally called a religious experience, particularly within the Christian tradition. Jung seeks to move away from the atheistic reductionism of Freud, and also from the opposite position of the "omnipotence" and "omniscience" of theological discourse, trying to create a reserved niche of "knowledge" (gnosis / science) about the religious experience. In other words, Jung proposes and seeks to demonstrate that one could speak of the experience of God, validly and efficiently, without the corsets of metaphysics and theology. In support to our research we resorted on the canonical work of Jung, the work of commentators and letter-writing materials available
O objetivo principal deste trabalho é o aprofundamento do pensamento religioso de Carl Gustav Jung como possibilidade de ampliação do conhecimento no campo das Ciências da Religião. Dentro da subdisciplina da Psicologia da Religião, Jung pode ser considerado como um de seus mais expressivos representantes e seus aportes teóricos cobriram um amplo campo de diálogo com a filosofia, a teologia cristã, a mitologia e a história das religiões. Contudo, sua obra ainda precisa ser mais estudada a fim de que possamos superar uma gama de mal-entendidos, controvérsias interdisciplinares, teóricas e epistemológicas. Para tanto, propomo-nos, aqui, a pesquisar em sua obra os sentidos da experiência religiosa objeto deste trabalho de modo a tentar refletir a especificidade e a centralidade dessa noção dentro de sua teoria e de sua visão de mundo. Nossa hipótese é de que há no pensamento junguiano um significativo desenvolvimento teórico a partir do momento que Jung aprofundou-se no estudo das religiões, o qual nos permitiria reconhecer um novo patamar em referência ao que tradicionalmente se chamou de experiência religiosa , sobretudo no âmbito da tradição cristã. Jung procurou afastar-se do reducionismo ateísta de Freud, afastando-se, também, da posição contrária da onipotência e onisciência do discurso teológico, tentando, assim, criar um nicho reservado de saber (gnose / ciência) acerca da experiência religiosa. Em outras palavras, Jung propôs e procurou demonstrar que seria possível falar da experiência de Deus, de forma válida e eficiente, sem os espartilhos da metafísica e da teologia. Para fundamentar nossa pesquisa recorremos à obra canônica de Jung, ao trabalho de comentadores e ao material epistolar disponível

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Hill, Lesley Ann. "Corticosteroid-Binding Globulin (CBG) : deficiencies and the role of CBG in disease processes." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/62186.

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The full abstract for this thesis is available in the body of the thesis, and will be available when the embargo expires.
Medicine, Faculty of
Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Department of
Graduate

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LUNDGREN, DOUGLAS, and Pontus Mjöberg. "Balancing Cup Holder : How to balance a cup using DC-motors and PID-control." Thesis, KTH, Maskinkonstruktion (Inst.), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-191514.

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The use of stabilizing mechanisms is an increasingly common practice in our everyday life technology, and was chosen as the main purpose of the project. This project was based on the development of a stabilizing cup holder that can compensate for angular changes. This report includes the theories and tests that were used in the project to answer the research questions. A theoretical model was made to help with the construction of the demonstrator and the development of the software. The demonstrator was built to test out the various scenarios: balancing from the tilt of 10° and balancing with an angular velocity of 20 and 40 degrees per second respectively. Both these tests were conducted with both solid material and liquid of an equal weight. The cup holder consists of an IMU that measures the acceleration and angular speed in three axes. The data from the IMU is then processed through a Kalman-filter to receive the proper data. The system was constructed to compensate for angular changes and acceleration with two DC-motors that function as separate subsystems controlled by separate data. The motors are then controlled by separate PID-controllers. The requirements that were set for the results were to have a response time of less than 0.5 seconds, and an overshoot of less than 6°. The tests succeeded to hold those requirements in the first two test cases and failed in the third test case for both solid and liquid materials, with the exception of one motor in the second test with liquid.
Användningen av stabiliseringsmekanismer har blivit mer och mer vanligt i vardagsteknologi, och därför valdes detta som huvudsyftet med projektet. Projektet baserades på utvecklingen av en stabiliserande kopphållare som kan kompensera för vinkelförändring. Denna rapport innehåller teorier och tester som användes i projektet för att besvara frågeställningarna. En teoretisk modell gjordes för att underlätta konstruktionen av demonstratorn och utvecklandet av mjukvaran. Demonstratorn byggdes för att testa flera scenarion: att balansera från 10 graders lutning och att balansera med en vinkelhastighet på 20 respektive 40 grader per sekund. Dessa tester gjordes med både solitt material och med vätska med samma vikt. Kopphållaren består av en IMU som mäter acceleration och vinkelhastighet i tre axlar. Datan från IMUn körs sedan genom ett Kalman-filter för att få fram rätt data. Systemet var konstruerat för att kunna kompensera för vinkelförändring och acceleration med två DC-motorer som är del av separata subsystem med separata indata. Motorerna är sedan kontrollerade av separata PID-kontrollenheter. Kraven som ställdes på resultaten var att responstiden skulle vara mindre än en halv sekund och att overshooten skulle vara mindre än 6 grader. De två första testerna lyckades klara kraven medan det tredje testet inte gjorde det. Undantaget var att en motor inte klarade kravet i det andra testet när det var vätska i koppen.

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Filho, Antonio José da Costa. "Interações magnéticas em sais de (cobre-dipeptídeos): Cu2+: Gly-Trp e Cu2+: Trp-Gly." Universidade de São Paulo, 1997. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/76/76131/tde-11092007-102736/.

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Derivados metálicos de aminoácidos são sistemas modelo simples para o estudo de íons metálicos em estruturas que simulam proteínas. O principal objetivo dessas investigações é avaliar as magnitudes dos parâmetros de acoplamento por interação de troca e relacioná-Ias aos caminhos químicos de supertroca. Foram realizadas medidas através da técnica de Ressonância Paramagética Eletrônica (RPE) em mono cristais dos compostos Cu2+:Gly-Trp e Cu2+:Trp-Gly, nas frequências 9,3 e 33GHz e à temperatura ambiente. Ambos os complexos estão no grupo espacial P212121, com quatro moléculas quimicamente idênticas, mas magneticamente não equivalentes, por cela unitária (Z=4). Essas moléculas formam duas subredes (1 e 2) acopladas por uma interação de troca inter-rede. Cada subrede contem dois íons de cobre não equivalentes, acoplados por uma interação de troca intra-rede. O composto Cu2+:Gly-Trp apresenta duas linhas parcialmente resolvidas em algumas direções do campo magnético aplicado no plano ac, ao passo que há apenas uma linha para todas as orientações nos outros dois planos cristalográficos. O desacoplamento dos espectros leva aos fatores-g moleculares. g⊥=2,0554(3) e g//=2,2086(7) (Cu2+:Gly-Trp). Os espectros de RPE mostram apenas uma linha para todas as direções de campo nos três planos cristalográficos para o Cu2+:Trp-Gly. Portanto, os eixos principais magnéticos são os eixos cristalográficos e a decomposição não é possível através de métodos matemáticos. Medidas utilizando um mono cristal de Zinco (Zn2+:Trp-Gly) ou frequências mais altas (90GHz) podem ajudar na solução desse problema. Os fatores-g moleculares para o composto Cu2+:Trp-Gly foram, então, tomados como sendo aqueles determinados previamente através de medidas em solução aquosa do mesmo composto por M.C.Lara et al. Os dados de RPE juntamente com a teoria de Kubo- Tomita permitem avaliar os acoplamentos intra-rede (J(1)) e inter-rede (J(1,2)) por interação de troca. Os seus valores são /J(1)/I =53,7mK e /J(1,2 /I =7,lmK para o Cu2+:Gly-Trp e /J(1)/=990mK e /J(1,2)/=48,4mK para o Cu2++:Trp-Gly. Eles são discutidos em termos da estrutura cristalina dos compostos, sendo os caminhos para transferência eletrônica constituídos por pontes de hidrogênio e interações cátion-π para o Cu2+:Gly-Trp, e ligações químicas covalentes e interações cátion-π para o Cu2+ +:Trp- Gly. Os valores calculados para /J(1)/ no composto Cu2+: Gly- Trp e /J(1,2)/ no Cu2+:Trp-Gly são uma boa estimativa da magnitude do acoplamento mediado por interações cátion-π.
Metal derivatives of amino acids are simple model systems to study properties of metal ions in protein-like structures. The main purpose of those investigations is to evaluate the magnitudes of exchange coupling parameters and correlate their values with the chemical paths for superexchange. Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) measurements have been performed in single crystals of the compounds Cu2+:Gly-Trp and Cu2+:Trp-Gly at 9.3 and 33GHz, at room temperature. Both complexes crystallize in the space group P212121, with four chemically identical but magnetically non-equivalent molecules per unit cell (Z=4). These molecules are arranged in two subsets (1 and 2) coupled by an intersubset exchange coupling. Each subset contains two non-equivalent and interacting copper ions (intrasubset exchange coupling). The compound CU2+:Gly-Trp has two partially resolved lines for some field directions in the ac plane, while there is on1y one line along any direction in the other two crystallographic planes. The decoupling of the spectra leads to g⊥=2,0554(3) and g//=2,2086(7) molecular g-factors (Cu2+:Gly-Trp). The EPR spectra show only one line for all field directions in the three crystallographic planes for Cu2+:Trp-Gly. Then, the magnetic principal axes are the crystallographic axes and the g-factor decomposition is not possible by mathematical methods. Measurements of a Zinc (Zn2+:Trp-Gly) single crystal or measurements using high microwave frequencies (90GHz) may help to solve this problem. The molecular g-factors for the compound Cu2+:Trp-Gly were taken to be those ones determined previously from aqueous solution measurements of the same complex by M.C.Lara et al. The EPR data used in conjunction with the Kubo and Tomita\'s theory allow to evaluate the intrasubset (J(1)) e intersubset (J(1,2)) exchange interaction parameters. Their values are /J(1)/ =53,7mK and /J(1,2)/=7,lmK for Cu2+:Gly-Trp and /J(1)/=990mK and /J(1,2)/=48,4mK for Cu2+:Trp-Gly. They have been discussed in terms of the crystal structure of the compounds, and the paths for electron transfer are determined as hydrogen bonds and cation-π interactions for Cu2+:Gly-Trp, and a covalent chemical bond and cation-π interactions for Cu2+:Trp-Gly. The values evaluated for the /J(1)/ in Cu2+:Gly-Trp e /J(1,2)/ in Cu2+:Trp-Gly are a good estimative for the magnitude of the cation-π interactions.

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Landers, Miguel. "Isolement d'îlots CpG différentiellement méthylés." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape2/PQDD_0010/NQ52168.pdf.

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Pulido, Carmen. "Alcohol cue reactivity task development /." Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC IP addresses, 2008. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p3312073.

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Kurdthongmee, Wattanapong. "Coherence in CSG image generation." Thesis, Brunel University, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.389260.

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Webb, Nick. "Cue-based dialogue act classification." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.522512.

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Giffen, Alice. "Singular structure of CMG systems." Thesis, University of Surrey, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.531405.

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Kreitz, Stephan A. "WEB-Approximation auf CSG-Objekten." [S.l. : s.n.], 2008. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:93-opus-36609.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'CUG'

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