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1
Bocquillon, Anne-Marie. "Le roi dans ses forêts de Cuise, Laigue, Retz du XIIIe au XVe siècle." Paris 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA010627.
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La prise de possession par les souverains du moyen âge des forêts de Cuise, Laigue et Retz et leurs relations avec les populations riveraines est le sujet de cette recherche. L'exploitation des archives royales, abondantes aux xiiie et xive siècles, a fourni l'essentiel de la documentation. Les ordonnances pour les eaux et forêts, les concessions de droits d'usage en constituent les éléments principaux avec des comptes du xiiie siècle, fragmentaires, un compte forestier et une prisée de la deuxième moitié du xive siècle. Les rois s'assurent la possession de la totalité du foncier, assise du pouvoir. Ils mettent en place une administration spécialisée, hiérarchisée, proche du terrain, pour la surveillance et les ventes. Ils réglementent les droits d'usage, indispensables à la survie des hommes, mais qui dévastent les couverts. Ils les concèdent sur justificatifs, les vérifient régulièrement, les cantonnent dans des lots limites, à la maigre végétation et à l'orée du massif. Enfin la volonté royale permanente, de plus en plus exigeante s'attache à la protection de la plus grande partie de ses forêts, mise en "sauf et défens", clôture des jeunes taillis, permettant la régénération des arbres, etc. . . Cette politique tend vers un équilibre subtil entre la volonté d'une gestion à long terme, source de revenus et le souci de permettre aux riverains un accès aux bois, nécessaire mais contrôlé. Elle a mis le massif de Cuise, Laigue et Retz en situation de devenir un des plus riches du domaine royal pendant les siècles suivants.
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Flaherty, John M. "Curse Keepers /." Available to subscribers only, 2008. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1674100411&sid=3&Fmt=2&clientId=1509&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
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Flaherty, John Martin. "Curse Keepers." OpenSIUC, 2008. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/theses/440.
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Curse Keepers is the first half of a novel that chronicles the story of a secret organization determined to keep the Chicago Cubs from winning the World Series and, thereby, forestalling the end of the world.
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Darios, Isis. "Curse of Jorge." NSUWorks, 2013. http://nsuworks.nova.edu/writing_etd/15.
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Sheppard, Paul R., Richard L. Holmes, and Lisa J. Graumlich. "The "Many Fragments Curse:" A Special Case of the Segment Length Curse." Tree-Ring Society, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/262370.
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The "many fragments curse," a special case of the segment length curse, occurs in den- drochronology when time series are broken into fragments, either because of missing part of a sample (e.g., a rot pocket) or when a section of ring growth cannot be crossdated (e.g., a section with extremely suppressed growth and/or many rings absent). We exorcise this curse by inserting values to connect fragments of measurements. This technique permits fitting a single detrending curve to the connected series and thus preserves the low-frequency variance contained in the entire series. Inserted values are discarded after detrending and do not otherwise affect calculations of final corn- posite chronologies. As an example from junipers sampled at a site in Qinghai Province, China, 66 of 117 increment cores have nondatable sections of wood and one core has a gap of rotten wood between dated fragments. After connecting fragments by inserting values and then detrending, the chronology constructed from connected fragments has stronger century to multicentury scale variation than the chronology constructed from separate fragments. This approach is adapted to the library of computer programs developed for dendrochronological research under the auspices of the International Tree-Ring Data Bank.
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St, Thomas Michael Joseph. ""Words are no good" the curse of signification and the curse of Faulkner's South /." CONNECT TO THIS TITLE ONLINE, 2008. http://etd.lib.umt.edu/theses/available/etd-05162008-132514/.
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Li, Feng 1967. "Characteristics of CuInSe₂ homojunction photodetectors." Thesis, McGill University, 2001. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=31057.
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Studies have been made on homojunction photodetectors fabricated on Bridgman-grown monocrystalline p-type CuInSe2 substrates by diffusion of indium. The essential steps required to optimize the fabrication conditions were established.Firstly, parameters such as quantum efficiency, junction depth, surface recombination velocity, and minority carrier diffusion length are analyzed. Secondly, the dark current-voltage characteristics of devices were measured. Some detector dark current is only 80nA at 0.5V reverse bias. It was confirmed that the diffusion current and recombination current are comparable in the dark current transport mechanism of the CuInSe2 homojunctions. Thirdly, the relationships between capacitance-voltage, capacitance-frequency characteristics were also investigated. It was observed that at a given voltage, the capacitance value decreased when the measuring frequency was increased. This result confirmed that deep defects exist in the material. Fourthly, the diffusion length of minority carriers was determined by the photocurrent and capacitance method. The diffusion length is smaller than 1 micron. The quantum efficiency and photoresponse were also measured. The maximum quantum efficiency of the detectors was measured as high as 60%. The photodetector response time range from 14 mus to 21 mus.
8
Hubner, Armin. "Ghana and the resource curse." Thesis, Webster University, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1525124.
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Ghana has experienced solid economic and social development during the years before the finding of oil. Now that oil has been found, one should not forget that there are many countries in Africa which are rather cursed than blessed with natural resources. This phenomenon is known as the resource curse or more specifically the oil curse. This paper attempts to uncover the most challenging areas for Ghana, when its government wants to lift the resource curse. It further shows that Ghana is well prepared to tackle the negative effects of being oil abundant, by using the well-established models and concepts, which build on empirical analysis. Literature provides a lot to describe the oil curse, including the so called Dutch disease as well as conflicts, corruption, violence and bad governance, to mention a few. This paper will - in a case study approach- apply the concepts on Ghana and -with a qualitative comparative research design- expose the best practices from which Ghana can learn most. It will also show that Ghana's relatively good institutions will be able to implement most of the suggested policies which oppose the resource curse.
The outcome will be that Ghana's political environment, although far from perfect, is well prepared to deal with windfall oil revenues. Furthermore Ghana due its good structure of institutions and its stabilizing macroeconomic policies in the last decades, Ghana will be able to engage in best practice policies.
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Gabardo, Maristella. "Cuide-se... porque você vale muito." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFPR, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1884/25420.
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Resumo: O presente estudo tem por objetivo analisar o uso das estratégias linguísticas de polidez nos anúncios publicitários de cosméticos das revistas femininas Cláudia e Ohlalá!. Essa pesquisa se baseará nos conceitos fornecidos pelas teorias pragmáticas dos atos de fala (AUSTIN,1962; SEARLE, 1969,1975 e HAVERKATE,1994) e no marco teórico desenvolvido por Brown e Levinson (1987) sobre a teoria da polidez. Por se tratar de um objeto de estudo relativamente inexplorado pragmaticamente, iniciamos explorando as particularidades do mesmo e a complexidade de sua natureza. São dois os objetivos que norteiam esse estudo: o primeiro é observar como se dá o uso das estratégias de polidez linguística nos slogans e nos títulos dos 60 anúncios de cosméticos que formam esse corpus. Por se tratar de um estudo intercultural, o segundo objetivo é analisar as diferenças e as semelhanças entre os usos dessas estratégias e levantar algumas hipóteses sobre esse uso. Os resultados encontrados evidenciam, por exemplo, uma preferência em ambos os países e em ambas as partes do anúncio, título e slogan, pelas estratégias de polidez positiva.
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Cilli-Dogru, Elmas. "Recyclage des déchets de terre cuite." Thesis, Limoges, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LIMO0128.
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Le recyclage ou la réutilisation des déchets de démolition de maisons individuelles, de petits collectifs et de sites industriels édifiés en terre cuite, est actuellement limité par la présence de déchets composites, formés par l’assemblage de terre cuite, de mortier et / ou de plâtre principalement. Dans l’optique de valoriser la terre cuite dans la même filière ou dans d’autres secteurs industriels, la présence de plâtre, pouvant générer des ions sulfates au contact de l’eau, est un obstacle. La principal option de fin de vie des déchets de terre cuite en mélange est ainsi l’enfouissement en installation de stockage de classe 3. Le but de cette thèse a été de développer une méthode de séparation des déchets de démolition de terre cuite, plus intéressante d’un point de vue environnemental que l’enfouissement, et permettant de récupérer des matières premières secondaires de terre cuite valorisables dans des filières pertinentes. Une étude du gisement a été réalisée afin d’établir la nature des assemblages en présence dans les déchets de déconstruction et de fournir des échantillons représentatifs. Ces échantillons ont permis la détermination des mécanismes d’adhésion des interfaces. Une méthode de séparation a ainsi été développée et la compatibilité des matières premières secondaires de terre cuite a été comparée vis-à-vis de trois filières de valorisationRecycling or reuse of demolition waste from individual houses, small collectives and industrial sites built with fired clay bricks, is currently limited by the presence of mixed waste, which is mainly an assembly of fired clay bricks, mortar and gypsum. In the perspective to valorize fired clay waste from demolition, the presence of gypsum, which may contain sulfates, is a restriction. Currently, the main end-of-life option for non-dissociated fired clay waste is the landfilling in waste storage facilities of class 3. The aim of this PhD thesis is to develop a separation process of mixed fired clay waste, environmentally more friendly than landfilling, in order to recover and valorize secondary raw materials in relevant industrial sectors. A study of the deposit has been done to identify the nature of the mixed demolition waste and to supply representative waste samples. Those samples enable to define the adhesion mechanisms at the interfaces. Then, a separation method has been developed. Finally, three routes have been investigated in order to valorize the recovered clay bricks
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Tiedje, Henry Franklin. "The preparation and properties of CuInSe¦2 thin films and CuInSe¦2/CdS thin film solar cells." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/nq22241.pdf.
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Andersson, Per. "Decreaseing turnout - a blessing or a curse?" Thesis, Uppsala University, Department of Economics, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-126568.
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This essay presents empirical tests of one of the conclusions from Bryan Caplan's 2007 book The Myth of the Rational Voter. Caplan claims that voters suffer from systematic biases about economic policy that through elections affects economic policy negatively. I derive three hypotheses from Caplan's theory and test them on a cross-country panel of 19 countries covering the time 1973 to 2009. The hypotheses stipulate that increased turnout lead to lower economic freedom, lower levels of foreign aid and higher inflation. After controlling for country specific effects turnout does not seem to have the effect stipulated in the three hypotheses.
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Mares, Mihaela Andreea. "Variable selection in the curse of dimensionality." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/45463.
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High-throughput technologies nowadays are leading to massive availability of data to be explored. Therefore, we are keen to build mathematical and statistical meth- ods for extracting as much value from the available data as possible. However, the large dimensionality in terms of both sample size and number of features or variables poses new challenges. The large number of samples can be tackled more easily by increasing computational power and making use of distributed computation tech- nologies. The large number of features or variables poses the risk of explaining variation in both noise and signal with the wrong explanatory variables. One ap- proach to overcome this problem is to select a smaller set of features from the initial set which are most relevant given an assumed prediction model. This approach is called variable or feature selection and implies using a bias or statistical assumption about which features should be considered more relevant. Different feature selection are using different statistical assumptions about the mathematical relation between predicted and explanatory variables and about which explanatory variables should be considered more relevant. Our first contribution in this thesis is to combine the strength of different variables selection methods relying on different statistical assumptions. We start by classifying existing feature selection methods based on their assumptions and assessing their capacity of scaling for high-dimensional data, particularly when the number of samples is much smaller than the number of fea- tures. We propose a new algorithm consisting of combining results from different feature selection methods relying on disjoint assumptions about the function that generated the data and we show that our method will lead to better sensitivity than using each method individually. The assumption of a linear relationship between the predicted variable and the explanatory variables is one of the most widely used simplifying assumptions. Our second contribution is to prove that at least one fea- ture selection algorithm based on the linearity assumption is consistent even when the underlying function that generated the data is not necessarily linear. Based on these theoretical findings we propose a new algorithm which provides better results when the underlying function that generated the data is at most partially linear. Neural networks and in particular deep learning architectures have been shown to be able to fit highly non-linear prediction models when given sufficient training ex- amples. However, they do not embed feature selection mechanisms. We contribute by assessing the performance of these models when given a large number of features and less samples, proposing a method for feature selection and showing in which circumstances combining this feature selection method with deep learning architec- tures will outperform not using feature selection. Several feature selection methods as well as the new methods we have proposed in this thesis rely on re-sampling techniques or using different algorithms for the same dataset. Their advantage is partially gained by using extra computational power. Therefore, our last contribu- tion consists of an efficient data distribution and load balanced parallel calculation for re-sampling based algorithms.
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Schubeis, Jonatan. "Can Good Institutions Avert the Resource Curse?" Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Nationalekonomiska institutionen, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-415515.
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To establish the economic impact of petroleum in the UK, this paper uses the synthetic control method. By constructing an artificial UK economy without oil, from the donor pool of OECD economies, it establishes the counterfactual time path of capital stock the UK would have had if it lacked the petroleum endowment. Comparing the observed time path of capital stock with its counterfactual, one can witness that the petroleum extraction has reduced the UK’s capital stock with an average of 17 % since 1970, despite the UK having arguably the best quality of institutions. Dose-response tests suggest that it is possible to attribute the impact to the petroleum production. Performed robustness and sensitivity tests together with several falsification tests show that the result is robust to alternations in the donor pool, the predictor variables and alternative explanations. The finding raises a question regarding the quality of institutions, advanced by Mehlum, Moene and Torvik and claimed that the resource curse only occurs in economies with low quality of institutions.
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Ghrear, Siba. "A reverse curse of knowledge in childhood." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/58831.
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Khanna, Arpita [Verfasser]. "The Oil Curse Revisited : Ownership Matters / Arpita Khanna." Konstanz : Bibliothek der Universität Konstanz, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1136571175/34.
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Holland, Caroline M. "An oil curse? : resource conflict onset and duration /." Connect to title online (Scholars' Bank), 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/10175.
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Sharpe, Margie E. "Corruption the true cause of the resource curse? /." Connect to this title online, 2006. http://etd.lib.clemson.edu/documents/1171902147.
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Svensson, Pär-Johan. "Molecular studies on Hirschsprung disease and "Ondine's curse" /." Stockholm, 1999. http://diss.kib.ki.se/1999/91-628-3476-2/.
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Bremner, Gregory Gerard. "North Sea oil : curse or blessing for Scotland?" Thesis, Glasgow Caledonian University, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.547419.
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Economic growth is what mainly determines the material wellbeing of human beings and anything that retards that wellbeing should be investigated so that it can be understood, and, where possible, rectified. Scotland's economic growth rate, in terms of GDP and per capita GDP, has lagged that in the rest of the UK for some time and this thesis hypothesises that, perhaps, North Sea oil exploitation might explain at least some of that lower growth. This thesis analyses the natural resource curse hypothesis with particular focus on North Sea oil and its impact on the Scottish economic growth rate between 1970 and 2006 and asks whether Scotland's economic growth rate has been retarded since North Sea oil and gas first came to be exploited in a major way in the mid-1970s. This retardation of economic growth, when linked to natural resource abundance, is known as the natural resource curse. An important complication is that Scotland was part of the United Kingdom during this period, albeit one with a devolved government since 1999. Consequently, the thesis makes several assumptions in an attempt to disaggregate the economy of the UK into Scotland and the rest of the UK. The thesis makes three findings: Scotland was on an unsustainable consumption path between 1970 and 2006; cross-sectional analysis shows a 0.22% shortfall in the Scottish GDP per capita growth rate relative to that in the rest of the UK; analysis of a panel of data demonstrates that North Sea oil exploitation reduced the Scottish long-run growth rate by -0.29% per year. Taken as a whole, the evidence provided by the thesis suggests that Scotland might have been better off, in growth rate terms, without the discovery of North Sea oil and therefore suggests that Scotland is a victim of the natural resource curse.
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Kasprzyk, Damian S. M. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. "Curse or blessing? : challenges of commodity-based economies." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/65806.
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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management, 2011.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 68-70).
The idea that massive natural resource endowments would lead countries to weak economic growth and development is counterintuitive. Oil, gas, copper, gold or other resource riches should, at least in theory, spearhead countries with such natural wealth to growth that parallels non-commodity-based economies and help them achieve high-income status. This has not been the case for majority of the endowed countries particularly in North Africa, the Middle East and Latin America. With few exceptions, such as Norway, Botswana, Chile or Australia, the resources proved to be a curse. I begin with a survey of previous academic literature and research on the effects of natural resources on a given country's economic, social and political development. I then move to exploring the many challenges and pitfalls faced by resource-based economies. Such concepts as the Dutch Disease, Rentier State, Governance and Corruption are discussed. In the final section, outline different methods of the resource curse management by first exploring monetary and fiscal policies, and later touching upon the issues of responsible governance. I conclude by proposing a multi-step framework for resource management.
by Damian Kasprzyk.
S.M.
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Holland, Caroline M. 1986. "An Oil Curse? Resource Conflict Onset and Duration." Thesis, University of Oregon, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/10175.
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ix, 107 p. : maps. A print copy of this thesis is available through the UO Libraries. Search the library catalog for the location and call number.This study examines the effect oil has on the onset and duration of conflict. In the "resource curse" literature, researchers argue that a state's abundance in natural resources can raise the likelihood of civil war. Such findings are largely based on correlations from large-n statistical studies or are hypotheses from individual case studies. These approaches fail to check the causal validity of key variables in multiple cases. Using a data-set comprised of sixteen countries that have experienced both oil extraction and civil war, this study conducts a qualitative causal variable analysis within these cases, while also checking the causal significance of key variables across cases. This study of oil-related civil wars analyzes the cross-case validity and overall relevance of: rebel greed, citizen grievances, unemployment in oil-rich regions, state military spending, clientelistic patterns of oil rent distribution, and oil-sector nationalization schemes.
Committee in Charge: Dr. Jane K. Cramer, Chair; Dr. Shaul E. Cohen; Dr. Anita M. Weiss
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DeStefano, Michele, Hendrik Schneider, and Michael Lindemann. "Editorial: Cure or curse? Compliance in digital healthcare." Universität Leipzig, 2018. https://ul.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A32050.
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The edition features first-rate articles by specialists in the field of healthcare
and data security. Apart from that we will face some classical compliance topics
and last but not least CEJ Founder Michele DeStefanos new book Legal Upheaval
will be introduced and reviewed.
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Dale, Milfred Douglas. "Economically disadvantaged adolescents at work : curse or blessing /." The Ohio State University, 1987. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487331541708254.
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Yamaguchi, Norio. "Sacrifice, curse, and the covenant in Paul's soteriology." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/7419.
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Pauline scholarship often overlooks the fact that from the Levitical sacrificial perspective “sacrifice” and “curse” are diametrically opposed concepts. A sacrifice must be “holy and acceptable to God” (Rom 12:1). Arguably, Paul describes Jesus or his blood as a sacrifice to God (1Cor 5:7; Rom 3:25). In this light, how might we understand his assertion that Christ became a “curse” on the cross (Gal 3:13)? The “accursed” person who hangs on a tree is impure and defiled and thus totally unacceptable as a sacrifice to God (Deut 21:23; John 19:31). This research argues that the key concept that resolves such potential tensions in Paul's statements is the “covenant”. Both “sacrifice” and “curse” are covenantal concepts. Sacrificial activities are essential for maintaining the covenant between God and his people. When God's people sin, sacrifice provides the means to attain forgiveness and to remain in the covenant. However, the covenant can be broken by grievous sins such as idolatry, which result in the loss of the sanctuary and the sacrificial means. Consequently, they would fall under the “curse” of the covenant. This covenantal perspective underlies Paul's soteriology. This thesis demonstrates that in Paul's understanding Christ's death serves both ends: the termination of the Mosaic curse by becoming a curse, and the dedication of his life-blood for the maintenance of the renewed covenant. These two things are related yet not identical. As test cases for this covenantal model, this research examines three Pauline texts. Galatians 3:13 describes the redemption of God's people from the Mosaic covenantal curse. Deutero-Isaiah envisaged this event as a new “Exodus”, about which Paul talks in 1 Corinthians 5:7. Romans 3:25 illustrates the eschatological Yom Kippur for this new Exodus people consisting now of Jews and Gentiles, which sustains and sanctifies God's renewed covenant people to the end.
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Seminega, Tharcisse. "Accélération de l'affinage de fromages à pâte pressée cuite et non cuite à l'aide de la protéase neutre de Bacillus subtilis." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37618526k.
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Seminega, Tharcisse. "Accélération de l'affinage de fromages à pâte pressée cuite et non cuite à l'aide de la protéase neutre de Bacillus subtilis." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988NAN10055.
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Les travaux sur l'activité coagulante et protéolytique d'une préparation industrielle de protéase neutre de Bacillus subtilis ont permis de l'utiliser à faibles doses en association avec la présure de veau pour fabriquer des fromages de type Saint-Paulin et de type Emmental. La préparation a été ajoutée au lait avant emprésurage à des concentrations de 0,001 à 0,002 % (P/P). Cette technique d'incorporation de la protéase respecte le schéma de fabrication du fromage étudie, permet de réduire la durée d'affinage de 30 % et conserve au produit fini ses caractéristiques. Les analyses chimiques, les profils électrophorétiques et de texture indiquent une nette amélioration de la protéolyse dans les fromages essais par rapport au témoin. L’ensemble de ces résultats est confirmé par les conclusions du jury de dégustation
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Kennedy, Ryan. "LIFTING THE CURSE: DISTRIBUTION AND POWER IN PETRO-STATES." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1211481058.
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Delsol, Thomas. "Research and development of CuInSe₂-based photovoltaic solar cells." Thesis, Sheffield Hallam University, 2001. http://shura.shu.ac.uk/19551/.
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The work reported in this thesis includes the growth and characterisation of CuInSe[2]-based materials as well as the assessment and development of CuInSe[2]-based solar cells by the technique of electrodeposition. Cu(InGa)(SeS)[2] layers grown on glass/molybdenum by the two-stage method at Showa Shell have been used for comparison. Electrodeposition of window materials (ZnSe and CdS) on glass/TCO substrates following the conditions prior-established at Sheffield Hallam University has been achieved. CuInSe[2] films have been successfully grown on glass/TCO by electrodeposition. The semi-conducting layers were characterised to investigate their crystallinity, morphology, composition, optical and electrical properties. The structure of the films was characterised by XRD and Raman spectroscopy. The morphology was studied by SEM and AFM. The elemental bulk analysis was performed using XRF and ICPMS. The elemental surface analysis was performed using XPS and the depth profile analysis was studied by GDOES. The optical properties were characterised by optical absorption and the conductivity type was determined by PEC measurements. The conditions of electrodeposition and post deposition treatments were found to influence strongly the properties of the electrodeposited films. Near-stoichiometric films grown by electrodeposition are polycrystalline with a (112) preferential orientation of the chalcopyrite structure. CIS films appear dense with a good mechanical adhesion to the conducting oxide substrates and show crack-free surfaces with spherical grains electrically well connected to each other with a size up to 1 um. Cu, In and Se atoms are not uniformly distributed within the CIS films and In-rich phases, such as CuIn3Se5, cover the surface of the films. Testing of electrical conductivity shows that the films are generally p-type. I-V and C-V measurements were used to characterise the solar cells based on electrodeposited CuInSe[2]. Early stage CuInSe[2]-based solar cells showed encouraging results with efficiencies up to 15.9 % for the best devices. The maximum values of the V[oc], J[sc] and FF observed for the glass/FTO/ZnSe/CuInSe[2]/Au devices were 0.3 V, 105.0 mA/cm[2], and 50 %, respectively.
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Motlhabane, Kutlwano. "Mineral wealth versus resource curse - the stage is set." Master's thesis, Faculty of Commerce, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/30412.
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The debate regarding the impact of resource wealth being a curse rather than a benefit has been a subject of debate since the 1950’s. Only since Sachs and Warner, (1995) the ground-breaking study which confirmed a negative relationship between resource abundance and economic growth for a selected set of countries there has been a narrative termed the ‘natural resources hypothesis’. This hypothesis asserts that countries with natural resource abundance tend to grow at a slow economic rate than countries with less resource abundance. Africa, being the most resource abundant continent compared to all other continents should be the best illustrator of the hypothesis because of vast mineral wealth coupled with the high level of poverty on the continent. This study seeks to determine if African citizens are on average deemed better or worse off given the abundant natural resources endowed in most African countries in relation to quality of life and income inequality as a measurement tool. The study further examines the effect of resource abundance in African countries, using income inequality as an addition variable above the economic growth. Using a panel data fixed effect estimation model for African countries and Middle East countries from 1970 to 2016, the study finds the existence of a U-shaped relationship between resource rent and income inequality, which supports the literature regarding the Kuznets curve. The study also found that rising consumer price inflation significantly worsens average income inequality within an African country. In addition, a high degree of trade openness significantly reduces income inequality within an African country, if all else is held constant. It is thus concluded that for African countries based on the population level, inflation level, degree of trade openness, and GDP share of domestic savings, accumulation of more coal rents share is expected to worsen average income inequality, while more mineral resource rents share reduces income inequality. The study recommends that African countries should find ways to measure inequality in their respective countries which would better illustrate the general relationship between mineral wealth and income inequality. Equally valuable would be the investment in research such as studies and reports which that would track the distribution of income over time in countries undergoing a mineral boom.
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Roberts, Danielle M. "The Resource Curse and Economic Freedom: A Bayesian Perspective." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2015. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/1132.
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The literature addressing the resource curse has been extensive. Many studies have put forth theories to explain the curse, but these theories are often refuted by new studies. Recently, there has been a theory that natural resource abundance leads to decreased economic freedom, which causes slower economic growth. Many of these studies have using frequentist testing to arrive at their conclusions. Although frequentist testing is widely used, there are several drawbacks. In particular, there is no way of addressing model uncertainty. Unless a study is able to incorporate every significant explanatory variable, the results will suffer from omitted variable bias. Recently, researchers have been applying Bayesian statistics to address the problem of model uncertainty. In this study, we apply Bayesian Model Averaging (BMA) to build a growth model, and see if natural resources have a negative effect on growth. We take the implementation of BMA a step further to see if there is an indirect negative effect of natural resources on economic freedom. However, contrary to previous studies, we were not able to find a negative relationship between resource abundance and economic freedom.
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Al, Sabah Meshaal Jaber Al Ahmed. "Resource curse reduction through innovation : the case of Kuwait." Thesis, University of Portsmouth, 2011. https://researchportal.port.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/resource-curse-reduction-through-innovation(fce02ef6-569b-4de0-b69c-915efe81387d).html.
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The strategic issues surrounding the governance of oil resources and its simplication for the growth and development of Kuwait through innovation are considered in this study – Resource Curse Reduction through Innovation. Within the large and growing body of work in this area a negative relationship between resource abundance and poor economic performance has often been empirically established. Many of the third world countries are richly endowed with significant natural resources. A plethora of research findings shows that these countries are scoring lower on human development, they exhibit pervasive corruption, display conflicts and a large percentage of their population live in dire poverty. Moreover, an enormous amount of their gross domestic income is spent on defence spending and manifests an autocratic form of governance. For the most part this evidence appears to support the "resource curse" hypothesis. The question that arises is whether there is any prospect of the "resource curse" being converted into a "blessing". This study examines the role of innovation in this context as Kuwait considers moving away from its dependence on its natural resources which sustain the economy. Since, innovation is considered a result of numerous interactions between key organizations and groups in the economy including institutions of learning, government, firms and other organizations which together form an innovation system, it may be opportune to consider the reductive role of innovation related to the resource curse. There are many unique cultural issues that confront Kuwait, and make it a fundamentally different case from other countries endowed with natural resources. The culture of governance in Gulf countries, and the norms and values within each individual Gulf country, become key determinants of innovation that impact on the various economic, political and social phenomena. By reviewing the extensive literature in both the field of the resource curse and innovation and collecting primary data, this study offers an overview of the challenges of promoting and supporting innovation in Kuwait, and the effectiveness of dissemination of innovative practices throughout the various economic sectors. Numerous studies have considered whether a country's natural resources are a curse or a blessing. Emerging findings appear to suggest that at times, resource-based economic growth models have indeed inhibited growth rates. Development economics also presents numeric data to substantiate the view that the gifts of nature are non-renewable and cannot be replenished. The hypothesis that natural resources of a country might be more of an economic curse than a blessing needs to be tested at different stages of economic growth of a country. The rate at which natural resources are exploited has often been cause for concern. From an economic perspective, Kuwait should inevitably switch from dependence upon natural resources to the development of sectors based on knowledge, skills, capital and technology. A defining characteristic of many resource-rich countries is the discrepancy between the interest of the stewards of the resources and the owners of the resources. At times those in political office (the stewards) appear to work extremely hard to ensure that the rest of the population (the owners) receive little benefit from the resources with which their countries have been abundantly endowed, and so the governance of natural resources merits further research. The study shows that income accruing as a result of the discovery of oil in Kuwait rapidly changed Kuwait's economic priorities, bringing new opportunities and at the same time new challenges. The findings of the research highlight many important issues relating to innovation and the depletion of non-renewable resources indicating to what extent certain sectors of the economy are innovative. One of the unique challenges facing Kuwait is what collective action is necessary to safeguard time honoured traditions that combine economic prosperity with solidarity. Today Kuwait is in need of new commitments on the part of its citizens and decisive actions in political leadership. Instead of maintaining structures and organizations that have shown themselves unable to deal with the challenges that face Kuwait, Kuwait must be ready to support structural changes. This in particular requires a prioritisation of resources towards education, research and development. Kuwait can only become comprehensively innovative if all sectors support the development of innovative products and services. Strategic issues entailing innovation require the involvement of all parties. These include businesses, the public sector, producers and consumers. A wide-ranging partnership for innovation is necessary, particularly when a country‘s resources are in question. To establish an optimal framework and develop potential for innovation, the prospect of an innovation-friendly market must be widely accepted and a national innovation system where the flows of technology and information among people, enterprises, and institutions that are the key to the innovation process at the national level are required. In light of these issues this study recommends the reduction of a resource curse through targeted innovation initiatives. The exploitation of natural assets is a matter of grave concern. Exploration and exploitation are costly and risky exercises in terms of growth and profitability. Kuwait needs to cultivate a culture that fosters creative ideas associated with, among others, safety and security of its natural and human resources, morality, employment and health within the context of an increasingly global environment. A lack of a shared vision, purpose and strategy reduces the vital role that innovation can play. Investment in innovation is therefore critical and Kuwait needs to reinvent itself economically.
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Arrok, Rania. "Objets en terre du néolithique précéramique au Proche-Orient, terre crue ou cuite ? : « Les objets en terre cuite avant l’invention de la poterie »." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LYO20007/document.
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La présence d’objets en terre est assez courante sur les sites néolithiques y compris les sites néolithiques du Proche-Orient. Il s’agit dans la plupart des cas d’objets de petite taille dont les formes sont assez variées. Ces objets ont une valeur particulière pour les chercheurs. Dans ce travail nous avons présenté notre propre recherche basée tout d’abord sur des données nouvelles, obtenues récemment grâce à de nouvelles fouilles comme la fouille de Tell Halula, la fouille de Tell Aswad et ‘Ain Ghazal.C’est à partir de ces nouveaux éléments et en les confrontant avec des données plus anciennes que nous avons suivi le développement des objets en terre depuis leur première apparition au PPNA et à travers les différentes étapes de la néolithisation : PPNA (9500-8700 BC), PPNB ancien (8700-8200 BC) et PPNB moyen (8200-7500 BC). Le cadre géographique a été limité au Levant.Les questions posées dans cette recherche s’appuient, d’une part sur l’homogénéité de la typologie ou non des objets en terre et leur distribution sur les sites de la région, d’autre part sur tout ce qui concerne la technique de fabrication. Après une étude d’analyse détaillée des objets du corpus, nous avons regroupé les objets en terre selon leur type de représentation dans plusieurs catégories : représentations humaines, représentations animales, objets divers et récipients en terre.Dans la troisième partie et en se basant sur l’analyse des objets du corpus par catégorie, nous avons comparé le développement de ces objets par période et par catégorieThe presence of clay objects is fairly common at Neolithic sites, including those sites in the Near East. In most cases the objects have a small size and occur in different shapes. These objects have a particular value to researchers. This thesis illustrates our research based on new data, which were provided by new excavations like those of Tell Halula, of Tell Aswad and Ain Ghazal. These new elements and their comparison with earlier data enabled us to followed the development of clay objects since their first appearance in the PPPA period and through the various stages of the Neolithic period: PPNA (9500-8700 BC), early PPNB (8700-8200 BC) and middle PPNB (8200-7500 BC). The geographical area considered for this research was limited to the Levant.The questions posed in this research are based first on the homogeneity/heterogeneity of the typology of these clay objects and their distribution at the sites in the region. Secondly, we also focused on production technique.After a detailed analysis of the whole corpus, the clay objects were grouped in several categories according to their type of representation: human figures, animal figures, “other objects” and small clay vessels.In the third part of the thesis we analysed and compared the development of the objects by period and by category
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Myers, Hadley Franklin. "Studies on the effect of sodium in Bridgman-grown CuInSe₂." Thesis, McGill University, 2008. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=116020.
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Ingots containing single crystals were grown from melts of Cu, In and Se in either stoichiometric proportions (CuInSe2) or with an excess of Se (CuInSe2.2). In addition, either sodium selenide (Na 2Se) or elemental sodium (Na0) was introduced to both sets of compositions in concentrations ranging from 0 to 3 at. %. The starting constituents were placed in quartz ampoules, which were evacuated and sealed before undergoing a vertical-Bridgman growth procedure. Analysis of deposits seen on the ampoule walls and on the ingot surface after growth revealed the presence of Na, as well as various forms of the other starting elements; however, no Na was found within the crystals. Electrical measurements revealed trends in the thermoelectric power of the ingots to correspond with additions of Na, as well as the presence of excess Se. A sign conversion from p- to n-type was confirmed with addition of sodium to stoichiometric CuInSe2. A suggested mechanism used to explain the effects of Na on the material, based on these experimental observations, is presented.
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SILVA, MARCELO AUGUSTO FELICETTI DA. "FROM MIRACLE TO CURSE: SERGIO BERNARDES AND BRASILIA (1968-74)." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2016. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=28475@1.
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PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIROCOORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DO PESSOAL DE ENSINO SUPERIOR
PROGRAMA DE SUPORTE À PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO DE INSTS. DE ENSINO
A produção do arquiteto carioca Sergio Bernardes (1919/2002) é tão vasta quanto desconhecida. Assertivo e questionador, desde o início da carreira mostrou-se avesso à formatações conceituais, estilísticas ou projetuais. Graduado em 1948 pela Universidade do Brasil, atuou até os anos 1990 no campo alargado do projeto com significativa mudança da escala projetual nos anos 1960/70. Experimentando o aço como partido estrutural da arquitetura, aventurou-se pelo universo das geometrias não euclidianas, pendurou pavilhões como ponte e residenciais como teleférico; testou materiais leves na construção; impulsionou a produção industrial desenvolvendo elementos para fabricação em série. Num caminho ambicioso entre associações multidisciplinares do conhecimento, pesquisa laboratorial e investigação experimental no canteiro, perseguiu uma espécie de idealismo sistêmico, fundamentado num virtuosismo tecnológico. De arquiteto a inventor social , Bernardes reafirmou a crença no sujeito moderno, no poder da razão, na potência do projeto e numa ação preventiva do futuro. No contexto arquitetônico brasileiro dos anos 1960/70, apostou alto na renovação de sua arquitetura, aproveitando-se da proximidade com o poder militar, principalmente, durante o período de pujança econômica (alta concentração de rendas) e desenvolvimento progressista do país sob a Ditadura, o assim chamado período do milagre brasileiro (1968/73). Momento em que o arquiteto assume protagonismo na construção da então recém inaugurada capital federal – Brasília. Esta pesquisa analisa quatro projetos emblemáticos de Sergio Bernardes para Brasília – a sede do Instituto Brasileiro do Café – IBC (1968/71); o edifício do Ministério da Marinha – MM (1970/73); a Escola Superior de Guerra (1970/74) e o Monumento ao Pavilhão Nacional (1972) –, todos destinados ao governo militar e realizados no período do milagre , buscando entender em que medida eles significaram uma possibilidade sem precedentes para sua arquitetura e, ao mesmo tempo, abriram o caminho da maldição que assombra sua obra desde então.
The production of the Brazilian and native of Rio de Janeiro architect Sergio Bernardes is as vast as unknown. Assertive and questioner, since the beginning of his career, he presented himself against the conceptual, stylistic and projective formats. Graduated in 1948 at the Universidade do Brasil, he worked until 1990s in the large field of the project with abrupt change in the architectonical scale of the 1960s and 1970s. Starting from the experimentation of more restrict and defined programs, he interspersed a complex universe of the megastructures and headed prospective and visionary to the territory scale. By experimenting steel as structural source of architecture, he threw himself into the universe of the non euclidianas geometries; he hung pavilions as bridges, houses as cable cars; tested light materials in the construction, and increased the industrial production through the development of elements for series manufacturing. Through an ambitious way of multidisciplined associations of knowledge, laboratorial research and experimental investigation of the construction site, he pursued a type of systemic idealism, based on a technological virtuousism. From architect to a social inventor , he reassured his belief in the modern individual, in the power of reason, in the potency of the project and in a preventive action of future. In the Brazilian architectonical context of the 1960s and 70s, he truly believed in the renovation of his architecture, taking advantage of the good relationship he had with the Military, especially, during a period of economical force (concentration of incomes) and the progressive development of the country during the Dictatorship era, the Brazilian Miracle (1968/73). A moment in which, the architect takes over the protagonism of the just built, Federal Capital, Brasilia. This research is about four of the Sergio Bernardes emblematic projects for Brasilia– Instituto Brasileiro do Café – IBC (1968/71); Ministério da Marinha – MM (1970/73); Escola Superior de Guerra (1970/74); Monumento ao Pavilhão Nacional (1972) – all destined to the military government and finished within the period of time called the miracle , in order to understand how much of a possibility without precedents they meant for his architecture, and at the same time, how much of this opened the way to a curse that haunts his work since then.
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Vignes, Jérémie. "Modélisation de l'étape de façonnage des tuiles en terre cuite." Thesis, Ecole nationale des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014EMAC0014/document.
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Ces travaux de thèse, financés par la société TERREAL (convention CIFRE), ont pour objectif de modéliser l’étape de façonnage des tuiles en terre cuite. La mise en forme des tuiles est à l’origine d’un tiers du rebus. Les attentes industrielles autour de ce sujet sont doubles : comprendre les phénomènes générant les défauts et mettre en place un outil de simulation numérique permettant de prévoir l’influence des paramètres produits / procédés sur l’apparition des défauts. La démarche scientifique s’est orientée autour de trois axes : la modélisation du comportement rhéologique, l’identification du comportement aux interfaces, la détermination d’un critère de fissuration et des mécanismes générant les défauts. Le modèle rhéologique est déterminé par analyse inverse d’essais de compression libre. Des essais complémentaires (cisaillement, flexion,…) ont été réalisés pour étudier plus finement le comportement du matériau. Des mesures de champs de déformation par stéréo corrélation ont permis de valider les modèles numériques de ces essais. Des mesures effectuées avec un tribomètre rectiligne ont permis de déterminer des modèles de frottement aux différentes interfaces du procédé (argile/acier ; argile/caoutchouc ; caoutchouc/résine). Quatre critères de fissuration ont été étudiés. Un critère en cisaillement maximum s’est montré le plus pertinent pour modéliser l’initiation des fissures. Des essais de façonnage sur des géométries partielles de tuiles ont permis de valider les différents modèles de comportement identifiés et de comparer deux technologies d’outillage (rigide et déformable). La simulation numérique 3D a permis de prédire la majorité des défauts liés aux écoulementsThis PhD study was supported by the company TERREAL. The aim is to model the forming step of clay tiles. The industrial expectations around this topic were double: understand the phenomena leading to defect occurence and to put in place a numerical simulation tool which allows to predict the influence of the product / process variations. The scientific approach turned around three axes: the determination of the constitutive model of the clay paste, the identification of the behavior at the different interfaces, the determination of a damage criterion and the mechanisms which generate defects. The different parameters of the constitutive law were identified by an inverse analysis of compression tests. Some additional tests (shearing test, bending test,…) were performed to investigate more precisely the material behavior. Kinematic full-field measurements by 3D digital image correlation allowed to validate the numerical model of these tests. Measurements with a rectilinear tribometer were carried out to identify a model of friction for the different interfaces involved in the process (clay/steel; clay/rubber and rubber/resin). Four cracking criteria have been studied. A maximum shear stress criterion proved to be the most relevant to assess the initiation of cracks. Forming tests of partial geometries of tiles allowed to validate the different behavior models identified and to compare two dies technologies (rigid dies and deformable dies). 3D numerical simulation allowed to predict the most of the defects related to the clay paste flow
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Aldobashi, Hussein. "Qatar: the resource curse factor and prospects for economic diversification." reponame:Repositório Institucional do FGV, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10438/17980.
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Qatar’s rapid development and modernization offer great rewards as well as risks. The rapid development in Qatar has been fueled almost exclusively through wealth created from trade in petrochemicals. This source of wealth places Qatar at risk from what has been identified as the natural resource curse. The risk lays in dependency on one commodity for economic growth and its concomitant degradation of broader development of non-petrochemical sectors and human capital. This thesis explores the degree to which Qatar is subject to the resource curse and how the most commonly prescribed solution to the resource curse – economic diversification – will be successful in Qatar’s continued development.
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YOUM, MILAN. "Etude sur les figurines en terre cuite de l'epoque silla." Paris 7, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA070023.
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La presente etude a pour but d'examiner caracteristiques culturelles et significations religieuses des figurines en terre cuite de silla, "t'ou". Selon les themes representes, elles se presentent en trois groupes : zoomorphes, anthropomorphes ou les objets necessaires pour la vie courante. Grace a eux, on arrive a analyser et interpreter les croyances anciennes de silla, par exemple celle qui concerne la mort. Cette croyance se remarque par l'omnipresence de l'acte sexuel dans les figurines anthropomorphes, une expression artistique, symbolique la fecondite. Ces figurines temoignent non seulement la vie spirituelle des hommes de silla, mais aussi leur vie materielle. Les motifs graves sur les figurines ou sur les poteries ont des significations diverses. Les cercles pointes et les cercles simples expriment la prosperite et l'eternite ; les dentelures representent la fecondite et l'abondance ; les motifs ondules symbolisent l'eau, etc. En conclusion, les figurines en terre cuite de silla sont objets artistiques a travers lesquels les hommes de silla exprimerent leurs croyances, et l'esperance dans la vie quotidienneThe aim of this thesis is to study the cultural characteristics and religious significance of silla terra cotta figurines, fou. These figurines are thematically presented in three groups: zoo- morphic, anthropomorphic and everyday items. Such figurines allow one to analyse and interpret the ancient beliefs of the silla period, for example, that concerning death. The sexual act, omnipresent in the anthropomorphic figurines, gives artistic expression to such a belief, symbolising fecundity. These figurines bear witness to the material as well as the spiritual lives of men of the silla period. The patterns engraved on the figurine and on the pieces of pottery have various meanings. Pointed and plain circles express prosperity and eternity. Denticulations represent fecundity and abundance. Undulating motifs symbolise water etc. In short, silla terra cotta figurines are artistic objects through which men of the time expressed their beliefs and their hopes in everyday life
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Anne, Clément. "Beyond the resource curse : Macroeconomic strategies in resource dependent economies." Thesis, Université Clermont Auvergne (2017-2020), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019CLFAD024.
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En réponse à la littérature dense concernant les impacts directs et indirects des ressources naturelles sur le développement, cette thèse cherche à analyser les économies dépendantes en ressources naturelles au-delà de la malédiction des ressources naturelles, et analyse 3 problématiques macroéconomiques importantes auxquelles ces pays font face. A l'inverse de la tendance à se focaliser uniquement sur un échantillon de pays selon les ressources produites ou le niveau de développement, cette thèse ne discrimine pas selon ces facteurs afin d'inclure les pays partageant leur exposition à la volatilité des prix des matières premières comme menace importante, tout en analysant les pays ayant eu des fortunes diverses dans la gestion des richesses issues des ressources naturelles.Tout d'abord, elle fournit une analyse empirique des déterminants de la procyclicité de la politique budgétaire qui est une tendance des autorités budgétaires à fournir des réponses budgétaires dans la même direction que le cycle économique, soit restrictive en période de diminution de la croissance économique, et expansionniste en période de croissance soutenue. Basée sur 81 pays pour la période 1992-2012, l'étude évalue un large ensemble de déterminants potentiels et trouve une importance des facteurs de politique économique pour expliquer la limitation de la procyclicité budgétaire dans la partie croissante du cycle économique. Elle appuie également l'idée que les Fonds Souverains sont plus efficaces que les règles budgétaires pour limiter la procyclicité budgétaire, en particulier à travers la limitation de la hausse des dépenses dans les bonnes périodes économiques. Le chapitre suivant fournit une étude empirique sur la relation entre les prix des matières premières et la diversification des exportations, une problématique particulièrement importante afin d'évaluer si les pays dépendants en ressources naturelles ont utilisé les hausses de prix comme opportunité pour diversifier leur économie au-delà du secteur des ressources naturelles. A l'aide d'un panel de 78 pays pour la période 1970-2012, il en ressort une relation empirique positive entre les variations des prix des ressources naturelles et la concentration des exportations, en particulier à travers la concentration de l'ensemble des biens exportés auparavant (marge intensive) durant les périodes de hausse des prix des matières premières. Il met également en évidence une plus forte concentration des exportations à la suite de la hausse du prix des ressources naturelles dans les années 2000 que lors de l'épisode des années 1970, ce qui a pu compliquer la reprise économique dans ces pays depuis le retour des prix des matières premières à un niveau bas.Finalement, cette thèse inclut une analyse critique du concept de Fonds Souverains qui a été une recommandation en vogue pour les pays afin de gérer l'argent issue de leurs ressources naturelles. Après avoir fourni un résumé critique de ce que la notion recouvre, ce dernier chapitre fournit un cadre pour comprendre ces fonds dans un continuum de fonds publiques. Cela permet de déterminer des recommandations quant aux problématiques macroéconomiques pour lesquels ces fonds peuvent être utiles dans le contexte des pays dépendants en ressources naturelles, ainsi que les facteurs qui peuvent diminuer la pertinence ou l'efficacité de tels fonds. Cette thèse met en lumière la pertinence d'étudier les problématiques importantes auxquelles font faces les pays dépendants en ressources au lieu de rester dans le cadre du long débat de la malédiction des ressources naturelles, et incite à de futurs travaux visant à aider les décideurs politiques de ces pays pour mettre en œuvre des stratégies macroéconomiques adaptées à leurs économiesAs a response to the intensive literature regarding the direct or indirect impacts of natural resources on economic development, this thesis intends to analyze resource dependent economies beyond the scope of the resource curse and provide analyses on 3 key macroeconomic challenges faced by those countries. Unlike the trend to focus only on a set of countries depending on their resources produced or their level of economic development, this thesis does not discriminate according to these factors to include countries sharing their exposure to international commodity price volatility as a major threat, while analyzing countries which may have had various successes in their management of resource wealth.First, it empirically analyzes the determinants of fiscal procyclicality which is the tendency of fiscal authorities to give fiscal policy responses in the same direction as the economic cycle, restrictive in case of a decrease of economic growth and expansionary in the periods of sustained economic growth. Based on a sample of 81 countries over 1992-2012, this study assesses a variety of potential candidates and find an importance of political-economy determinants in limiting fiscal procyclicality especially in the higher part of the business cycle. It also provides some support to the idea that Sovereign Wealth Funds are more effective than Fiscal Rules to limit fiscal procyclicality especially through a limitation of expenditure growth in good economic periods.The next chapter provides an empirical study to the relationship between commodity prices and export diversification, a challenge especially important to assess whether resource dependent economies used commodity price booms as opportunities to diversify their economy away from the resource sector. Based on a panel of 78 countries over 1970-2012 it finds a strong empirical support to the impact of commodity price booms on export concentration especially through a concentration of the mix of already exported products (intensive margin) during periods of commodity price booms and an increase of export diversification during periods of commodity price busts. It also highlights the higher concentration of exports during the 2000s commodity price boom than following the 1970s boom, which may have complicated the recovery of those countries since the reversal of commodity prices to a low level.Finally, it provides a critical analysis to the concept of Sovereign Wealth Funds which has been a trendy recommendation for countries to manage their resource wealth. After providing a critical review to what this notion may cover, it provides a framework to understand funds labeled as Sovereign Wealth Funds in a continuum of public funds. This enables to give some recommendations regarding the macroeconomic challenges those funds may help managing in the context of resource dependent economies as well as the factors which could limit a fund's relevance or effectiveness.This thesis highlights the relevance of studying key challenges faced by resource dependent countries instead of focusing to the long-lasting debate of the resource curse and calls for future works to help policymakers in those countries to implement sound macroeconomic strategies for their economies
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Thomsen, Maiken. "Perception de l'arôme du fromage à pâte pressée non cuite." Thesis, Dijon, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012DIJOS120.
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La perception de la flaveur des aliments dépend de la perception de plusieurs composés en mélange dans des proportions équilibrées. Interactions perceptives entre différents odorants ainsi que la libération dynamique des odorants par la matrice alimentaire sont les principaux facteurs qui influencent la perception globale. L’objectif de cette thèse de doctorat était d’étudier la perception du mélange d’odorants qui constituent l’arôme du fromage à pâte pressée, en prenant en compte les interactions perceptives et la dynamique de libération des composés par la matrice. Une stratégie, comprenant une caractérisation complète des odorants des fromages, suivie d’une recombinaison qualitative et d’une étude détaillée des rôles respectifs des composés clés, et finalement la prise en compte de la dynamique de libération par incorporation des composés dans une matrice fromagère, a été appliquée. Des caractérisations approfondies sensorielles et instrumentales nous ont permis de mettre en évidence des relations entre la perception sensorielle et la composition des composés volatils et proposer des hypothèses. La recombinaison des différents composés a été testée afin d’étudier le rôle de chacun en mélange. Aidés par des apprentis aromaticiens durant la phase des recombinaisons nous avons pu observer particulièrement que 12 composés étaient très importants pour l’odeur du fromage. Par la suite nous avons étudié des interactions entre odeurs en appliquant des techniques de stimulation odorante en phase gazeuse, puis la dynamique de libération des composés en incorporant l’arôme dans une matrice fromagère par des techniques permettant de mesurer la quantité libérée en fonction du tempsPerception of the aroma of food products depends both the chemical composition of food and human neurophysiology. The perception of food flavour, including cheese often relies on the perception of several aroma compounds in mixture in balanced proportions. Perceptual interactions among aroma compounds in mixtures and also the release of aroma compounds from the food product are the main factors that influence the global perceived aroma of food. Hence, the objective of this PhD study was to investigate the mixture of aroma compounds representing the aroma of semi-hard cheese by taking into account perceptual interactions among odorants and the dynamic release of the compounds by the cheese matrix. A strategy involving a complete characterisation of the cheeses followed by a recombination and investigation of the role of the key-aroma compounds and the dynamic release of the aroma compounds from the cheese matrix was taken into account. Comparison of the sensory and instrumental characteristics was made in order to highlight relationships between sensory perception of the aroma and the volatile composition of the cheeses and thus point out the molecular origins of the perceived cheese aroma. Recombination of selected aroma compounds was tested, in order to study the role of each aroma compound within the mixture. Especially 12 compounds seemed important for the semi-hard cheese aroma. To investigate the odour-odour interactions, different odour-stimulation tools were applied and dynamic release of aroma compounds was taken into account by incorporating the aroma compounds into a cheese matrix by different techniques allowing measuring the quantities released as function of time
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Haddock, Taeh Bonn. "Fluency misattribution and the curse of knowledge bias in children." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/58903.
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Luckert, Franziska. "Optical properties of the chalcopyrite semiconductors CuInSe₂, CuInS₂ and CuGaSe₂." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2012. http://oleg.lib.strath.ac.uk:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=25805.
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CuInSe₂, CuInS₂ and CuGaSe₂ are I-III-VI₂ compound semiconductors with a chalcopyrite structure. These ternary compounds exhibit favourable properties, such as direct band gaps and high absorption coefficients, for application as absorber layers in thin-film solar cells. Recently Cu(In,Ga)Se₂ based photovoltaic devices have demonstrated conversion efficiencies of 20.3 % which is the highest amongst polycrystalline thin-film solar cell technologies. This thesis describes a study of excitonic recombination processes in high quality CuInSe₂, CuInS₂ and CuGaSe₂ single crystals using photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy as a function of excitation power, temperature and applied magnetic field. Excitation power dependent measurements confirm the identification of the free excitons in the PL spectra of the three chalcopyrite semiconductor compounds. Additional sharp lines in the PL spectra appear to be due to the radiative recombination of excitons bound to shallow hydrogenic defects. PL lines due to excitons bound to more complex defects with a low concentration of defects are also found in CuInSe₂ and CuInS₂. Analysis of the temperature dependent PL spectra lead to activation energies of the free and bound excitons in CuInSe₂, CuInS₂ and CuGaSe₂. In addition, phonon energies have been obtained from the temperature dependence of the free exciton spectral positions and of the full width at half maximum. PL spectra measured in applied magnetic fields allow estimation of the diamagnetic shift rates for CuInSe₂, CuInS₂ and CuGaSe₂. A first-order perturbation model leads to values for the excitonic reduced masses and the effective hole masses can be estimated. For CuInSe₂ a theoretically predicted anisotropy of the effective hole masses is demonstrated. The study of the excitonic states in CuInSe₂, CuInS₂ and CuGaSe₂ provides a deeper understanding of the electronic material properties which can facilitate further improvements in solar cell efficiencies.
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Jones, Yakama Manty. "Debt overhang and natural resources : revisiting the resource curse hypothesis." Thesis, Birkbeck (University of London), 2014. http://bbktheses.da.ulcc.ac.uk/95/.
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Growth literature presents evidence that resource abundant economies comparatively grow less than other economies, giving rise to the ‘Resource Curse Hypothesis’. Many researchers have developed several theories to explain the ‘Resource Curse’ but there are very few explicit considerations of ‘Debt Overhang’ in these explanations. This study concentrates on the ‘Debt Overhang –Resource Curse’ link given the significant relationships between debt sustainability and other resource spending. It also implicitly seeks to test key competing theories. The key contribution is the evaluation of the ‘Resource Curse’ and ‘Debt Overhang’ phenomena simultaneously using mixed methods analysis. This thesis consist of three complementary empirical studies organised in chapters under the ‘Debt Overhang-Resource Curse’ theme: A Panel Data Analysis of Debt Overhang, Natural Resources and Growth in 153 countries from 1970 to 2011; A Time Series Analysis of Sierra Leone’s Debt Overhang, Natural Resource and Growth Experience from 1970 to 2011 and A Perceptions and Documentary Analysis of Debt Overhang, Natural Resources and Growth in Sierra Leone. In Chapter Three, the ‘Debt Overhang –Resource Curse’ hypothesis was tested by estimating a system of simultaneous equations using the Generalised Method of Moments Three - Staged Least Squares estimator for the whole panel and carefully defined subsets. The results confirmed the ‘Debt Overhang –Resource Curse’ hypothesis in the case of least developed countries, mineral rich countries and petroleum rich countries although it failed to excel when the whole panel was examined. The ‘Debt Overhang –Resource Curse’ hypothesis was also confirmed in Chapter Four, when a Structural Vector Autoregressive Model was estimated for Sierra Leone : a resource rich, heavily indebted poor country at the bottom of the Human Development Index, has recently received large economic growth projections. The results for Sierra Leone were further confirmed using cointegration and Granger causality tests. The investigation continued with a perceptions and documentary analysis in Chapter Five. It investigated whether perceptions of Sierra Leoneans provide support for the Debt Overhang –Resource Curse hypothesis by estimating a structural equation model using Partial Least Squares, utilising data collected during a survey of mining communities. The results of the estimations were triangulated with findings from interviews, observations and documentary analysis. This analysis provided support for the hypothesis as well as some complementary theories within the Resource Curse debate. This simultaneous assessment of the impact of both debt overhang and natural resources on growth went beyond quantitative investigations to provide proof of the link shared by these elements. It also made a rationale for a ‘case-by-case’ analysis of economic growth and development phenomena, resulting in policy recommendations with a greater degree of alignment.
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Samara, Mazen. "VALORISATION DES SEDIMENTS FLUVIAUX POLLUES APRES INERTAGE DANS LA BRIQUE CUITE." Phd thesis, Ecole Centrale de Lille, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00713676.
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L'accumulation des sédiments au fond des cours d'eau conduit à leur envasement. Une grande quantité de ces sédiments est contaminée par des polluants organiques et inorganiques. Leur gestion soulève donc des défis technologiques, économiques et environnementaux de plus en plus importants. C'est dans ce contexte que la société Solvay a mis au point le procédé de traitement Novosol® qui se décompose en deux phases : la phosphatation et la calcination. La présente étude porte sur la valorisation des sédiments fluviaux pollués, après traitement avec le procédé Novosol®, dans la brique cuite. Le sédiment traité (ST) est composé majoritairement de quartz, de calcite et d'hématite. Sa masse volumique absolue est de 2,66 g.cm-3 comparable à celle du quartz. L'étude expérimentale menée en laboratoire a montré la faisabilité d'incorporation de ST dans la brique cuite comme un matériau de substitution au sable et à l'argile. Il a également été montré que la résistance à la compression est influencée par la quantité de sédiment. En effet, l'augmentation de cette dernière entraine une diminution de la résistance mécanique. Deux essais industriels ont été réalisés en se basant sur les résultats obtenus en laboratoire. Ils ont montré que le ST peut se substituer au sable et à l'argile avec des taux de substitution allant jusque 28% sans aucun changement de processus de fabrication. Les briques produites avec 28% de ST ont une résistance mécanique supérieure à celle de la brique standard. Enfin, il a été également montré que la granulométrie et la minéralogie du sédiment sont des facteurs déterminants qui influencent la qualité des briques produites.
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Stenersen, Eirik Nøren. "On the Causes of the Conditional Resource Curse : En empirisk paneldatastudie." Thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Institutt for samfunnsøkonomi, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-15394.
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Gerard, Bryce. "A Natural Resource Curse: Does it Exist Within the United States?" Scholarship @ Claremont, 2011. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/158.
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In this paper, we examine data on U.S. GDP/Capita and natural resource share of GDP by state. We then run growth regressions and build on a previous model of dynamic equations to account for the spatial equilibrium that exists between U.S. states. Our results show that there exists evidence that overinvestment in oil and mining sectors has negative effects on state TFP growth, thus giving positive evidence for the existence of a natural resource curse between U.S. states.
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Toll, Dennis J. "Deuteronomy 27-28 and Galatians 3, the curse and believers today." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1985. http://www.tren.com.
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Pettersson, Jan. "Three empirical studies on development : democracy, the resource curse and aid /." Stockholm : Department of Economics, Stockholm University, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-326.
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Belz, Julian [Verfasser]. "Fighting the curse of dimensionality with local model networks / Julian Belz." Siegen : Universitätsbibliothek der Universität Siegen, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1189421895/34.
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Walsh, Vincent. "Writing Into Silence| Junot Diaz, Human Rights, and the Imperial Curse." Thesis, Lehigh University, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3638706.
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Junot Diaz employs a variety of postmodernist literary strategies in The Brief Wondrous Life of Oscar Wao, such as conflating (and confusing) the role (and identity) of author and narrator, creating a parallel fictional (and semi-fictional) subtext in the form of numerous, often detailed footnotes, and incorporating a hybrid mixture of discourses throughout a self-referential, apparently self-undermining narrative. Yet by means of his persistent satirical tone, pervasive irony, occasional explicit commentary, and thematic inferences, Diaz simultaneously challenges the core tenets of postmodernist-poststructuralist theory. Diaz's creative concerns interrogate the notion of constructed histories, reestablish distinctions within binaries, and defy the poststructuralist prohibition against grand narratives, while contesting the postmodernist tendency toward moral and cultural relativism. Diaz appears to be consciously inviting a poststructuralist reading, even as he simultaneously undermines any possibility for such a theoretical analysis ever succeeding in fully coming to terms with his work. In effect, Diaz redirects the lens of the postmodernist-poststructuralist perspective back on itself, questioning its basic assumptions. Diaz creates a unique, innovative literary language in The Brief Wondrous Life of Oscar Wao, borrowing tropes from Dominican folklore and popular superstition, mixing in idioms and memes from sci-fi, horror, fantasy, Japanese animes and North American movies, television serials, comic books, hip-hop, and urban diction, in order to tell a story that reawakens repressed memories of historical trauma, and enhances awareness of egregious contemporary injustice. Diaz focuses on the devastating trajectory of the imperialist enterprise in the Western hemisphere since 1492, highlighting the rapacious ideology that ruthlessly engenders this ongoing project of exploitation, domination, and oppression. In setting private aggrandizement above collective wellbeing, the imperial mentality causes incalculable, completely unnecessary suffering, beginning with genocide against the native population, and extending into the extreme social disparities of the neoliberal present; the predatory practices of this avaricious agenda have become so destructive that they now threaten the very survival of the human species. Ruthless greed is the curse that afflicts us; the only possible counter spell that can save us will be a courageous return to instinctive solidarity, with timely recourse to the healing power of human love.