To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Culpa in contrahendo – Germany.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Culpa in contrahendo – Germany'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 dissertations / theses for your research on the topic 'Culpa in contrahendo – Germany.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse dissertations / theses on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Otto, Michael. "Germany and South Africa : a comparative study of their concepts of contract law and mistake." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/49976.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (LLM)--Stellenbosch University, 2004.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The problem of mistake and its impact on the formation of contract is a central issue in the law of contract of all legal systems. The thesis investigates this area by considering the manner in which it has been dealt with in Germany and South African law. Although both legal systems are of the civilian origin. The German law is a codified system, whereas South African law is an uncodified one in which in the absence of legislation, legal problems are resolved by decisions of the High Court operating under a strict doctrine of legal precedent. German law does not in a formal sense acknowledge that judges can make law, but the thesis demonstrates the considerable weight that is nevertheless attached to judicial decisions in practice. The impact of differences in legal methodology on substantive law is a principal theme of the investigation. It is addressed by means of a systematic comparison between the manner in which the two systems deal with concepts such as heiuristic act and declarations of will, the notion of contract and the relevance of offer and acceptance as its constituent elements. Thereafter the broad topic of mistake as a circumstance that vitiates agreement and other defects of will such as deceit, duress and undue influence are considered. Whereas German law as a codified system presents a comprehensive regulation of the issues, a case law system such as that of South Africa can only deal with matters brought before the courts by parties engaged in a dispute. Because judges also tend to frame decisions as narrowly as possible, such a system characterised by gaps in the law in relations to issues that have not been authoritatively determined. The resultant uncertainty is exacerbated by the fact that different courts might decide the same issue differently and that a considerable period of time might elapse before the issue is settled by the highest court in the judicial hierarchy. In regard to matters of substance, both systems proceed from a common conceptual framework, but often tend to emphasise different aspects in coming to solutions. German law places great store on the notion of the declaration of will, a concept which is analysed in considerable detail in relation to its treatment in South African law. Although South African law recognises the notion of a juristic act, there is no sign of the refined and systematic discussion of the concept along the lines of German law. In consequence, concepts such as offer and acceptance play a less important role in South African law. In relation to the treatment of mistake as well the greater emphasis of German law on the declarations of will is in marked contrast to the more subjective approach of South African law and its resort to a theory of reliance as a corrective liability in cases of disagreement. Both systems adopt an approach with subjective and objective elements. but with a different mix of these elements in each instance. An overriding conclusion is that both systems might have erred in placing too great an emphasis on objective elements in the determination of when contractual liability should be imposed. It is contended that renewed attention to the doctrine of culpa in contrahendo might enable both South African and German law to deal more satisfactorily with the problem of disagreement in contract.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die probleem van dwaling en die uitwerking daarvan op kontraksluiting is 'n sentrale vraagstuk van die kontraktereg van alle lande. Die proefskrif ondersoek hierdie problematiek deur die hantering daarvan in sowel die Duitse as die Suid-Afrikaanse reg te oorweeg. Alhoewel beide hierdie stelsels van romanisriese oorsprong is, is die Duitse 'n gekodifiseerde en die Suid-Afrikaanse 'n ongekodifiseerde stelsel. In die afwesigheid van wetgewing, word regsprobleme in Suid-Afrika aan die hand van die gemenereg deur middel van beslissings van die hoë hof opgelos ingevolge 'n strenge presedentestelsel. Alhoewel die Duitse reg nie formeel erken dat regterlike beslissings regskeppend kan werk nie, toon die proefskrif aan dat daar tog in die praktyk groot gewig aan regterlike uitsprake geheg word. Die uitwerking van hierdie metodologiese verskille is 'n hooftema van die ondersoek. Dit geskied by wyse van 'n sistemariese vergelyking van die hantering in die twee stelsels van begrippe soos die regshandeling en die wilsverklaring. die kontrak en die rol van aanbod en aanname as konstituterende elemente van 'n kontrak. Hierna kom die breë vraagstuk van dwaling aan die orde as 'n omstandigheid war wilsooreenstemming ondermyn, asook die samehangende kwessies van bedrog, dwang en onbehoorlike beïnvloeding. Alhoewel beide stelsels in substantiewe aangeleenthede uitgaan van 'n gemeenskaplike konseptueie raamwerk. word aangetoon dat by die bereik van oplossings, die klem dikwels heel verskillend geplaas word. Van sentrale belang is vir die Duitse reg is die wilsverklaringsbegrip, wat in vergelyking met die behandeling daarvan. In Suid-Afrika in groot besonderhede ontleed word. Alhoewel die Suid-Afrikaanse reg, soos die Duitse reg uitgaan van die begrip regshandeling, ontbreek die genuanseerde en sistemariese behandeling van die Duitse reg. As gevolg hiervan speel die begrippe aanbod en aanname 'n relatief mlnder belangrike rol in die Suid-Afrikaanse reg. Met betrekking tot die dwalingsproblematiek ook is die groter klem op die Duitse reg op die wilsverklaring van die partye opvallend en in skerp teenstelling, tot die meer subjektiewe benadering van die Suid- Afrikaanse reg en die aanwending van die vertrouensteorie as 'n korrektiewe aanspreeklikheid in gevalle van 'n gebrek aan wilsooreesntemming. Alhoewel albei stelsels erkenning gee aan subjektiewe en objektiewe elemente, is daar verskille vir sover dit die relatiewe klem op elkeen aangaan. Die oorkoepelende gevolgtrekking is dat albei stelsels miskien te veel gewig gee aan die objektiewe element by die bepaling van aanspreeklikheid. Die voorstel is dat daar weer met vrug na die leerstuk van culpa in contrahendo gekyk sou kon word.
2
Olsson, Samuel, and Pacheco Axel Karlsson. "Culpa In Contrahendo vid Fastighetsköp." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-22572.
Full textAbstract:
Culpa in contrahendo är en inom juridiken framvuxen rättsprincip som avser att erlägga skadeståndsansvar för vårdslöst (culpa) handlande vid avtalsslut (in contrahendo). Principen härstammar från tysk 1800-tals teori och har därefter inlemmats även i det nordiska rättsområdet.I svensk rätt erkändes rättsprincipen för första gången genom målet NJA 1963 s.105 i så måtto att skadeståndsansvar utdömdes, dock enbart intill det negativa kontraktsintresset. Trots att bestämmelser enligt rättsprincipen ännu inte kommit till uttryck i lagtext så har den tjänat behjälpligt vid flera avtalsrättsliga fall.NJA 1973 s.175 blev första gången som culpa in contrahendo ställdes inför prov i en fastighetsköpsrelaterad fråga. Det kan diskuteras om HD över huvud taget tog ställning i om oaktsamhet hade förelegat under förhandlingarna samt om detta i så fall kunde föranleda skadeståndsansvar i den mån som förfarandet medfört skada för medkontrahenten. Vad som däremot uppdagades genom rättsfallet var svårigheten att tillämpa rättsprincipen vid fastighetsköp. Detta på grund av de motstridiga syften som föreligger mellan formalavtalet och culpa in contrahendo.Fastighetsköpets formkrav syftar till att eliminera risken för överilade beslut och grundregeln är således att parterna inte är bundna av köpet eller förpliktigade att uppträda med lojalitet sinsemellan förrän ett fullständigt kontrakt är upprättat mellan dem. Risken för culpa in contrahendo föreligger ju å andra sidan under förhandlingarna. 1973 års fall används inte sällan som exempel för att påvisa HD:s motvilja att erkänna principens existens vid fastighetsköpsrelaterade frågor.Det råder inga tvivel om att formkravet fyller en allmännyttig funktion. Emellertid kan det inte anses lämpligt att formkravet ska kunna skydda den som vårdslöst medför skada för sin medkontrahent när fastighetsköpet sedan aldrig kommer till stånd. Ihärdiga påtryckningar ifrån doktrinen har lett till en utveckling i frågan. Idag ligger det närmast till hands att betrakta rättsprincipen som tillämplig vid fastighetsköp. Även om domslut som skulle styrka att så var fallet saknas så kan det konstateras att doktrinen i viss mån vunnit bifall.Culpa in contrahendo is a general legal principle that aims to determine liability for careless (culpa) actions in negotiations (in contrahendo). This legal principle originates from German 19th-century theory and has thereafter been implemented into the Nordic juridical sphere.Further, the first suitable moment that this principle was recognized in Swedish jurisprudence was during the Supreme Court case NJA 1963 p. 105. Even though regulations according to the principle has yet to come in written law, it has been of help in several supreme court cases.NJA 1973 p. 175 became the first judicial precedent when culpa in contrahendo was tested in a real estate related matter. It is debatable whether the Supreme Court even took a stand in the question about if a careless action had occurred during negotiations and whether that action justified liability towards the counter-party or not. On the other hand, whereas the difficulties in applying the legal principle regarding a real estate matter were revealed, due to the contradicting nature of culpa in contrahendo and the form described by law considering real estate sales.The form described by law considering real estate sales aims to eliminate the risk of rushed decisions and the fundamental rule is, hence, that parties are not bound by the purchase or obliged act with loyalty between themselves until a full, legal, contract has been established and signed. On the other hand, the risk for culpa in contrahendo is exceedingly present during the negotiations. The case of 1973 is not seldom used as an example to showcase the reluctant will of the supreme court to acknowledge the bare existence of the principle in cases regarding real estate.There is no doubts, that the form described by law considering real estate purchases is of benefit to the public. However, the protective force the form obtains for someone causing economic damage to the counter-party due to carelessness is unreasonable. Persistent pressure from jurisprudence has led to some progress and development in the question. Today, it is safe to assume that the legal principle of culpa in contrahendo is applicable in matters regarding real estate, as well. Even though a supreme court precedent confirming this is lacking, the conclusion can be drawn that legal doctrine has had some assent.
3
Adam, Jürgen. "Öffentliche Auftragsvergabe und culpa in contrahendo /." Berlin : Duncker und Humblot, 2005. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=013527700&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.
Full text
4
Nickel, Carsten. "Die Rechtsfolgen der culpa in contrahendo /." Berlin : Duncker & Humblot, 2004. http://www.gbv.de/dms/spk/sbb/recht/toc/380999609.pdf.
Full text
5
Holm, Carina. "Culpa in contrahendo : ett prekontraktuellt skadeståndsansvar." Thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för beteende-, social- och rättsvetenskap, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-1282.
Full textAbstract:
Sammanfattning Denna framställning har till syfte att utreda den kontraktsrättsliga principen culpa in contrahendo, med utgångspunkt enligt följande frågeställningar; 1. Vilken innebörd har den rättsliga principen culpa in contrahendo? 2. Under vilka förutsättningar och med vilka kriterier utdömer rätten skadeståndsansvar med stöd i denna rättsprincip? 3. Vid en komparation av den kontraktuella betydelsen av culpa in contrahendo med specialreglering såsom köp av fast egendom och köprätten, kan det fastställas några likheter eller skillnader i dess lydelse eller fastställande? Culpa in contrahendo betyder vid en direkt översättning oaktsamhet vid avtalsförhandlingar och är en rättslig princip som reglerar ett prekontraktuellt skadeståndsansvar. Som framgår av det latinska namnet är det ett ansvar som inträder då part agerat oaktsamt innan slutligt avtal undertecknats. I praktiken innebär detta att part kan åläggas ansvar för kostnader som motparten haft vid förhandlingar om avtal. Denna princip är ett avsteg från huvudregeln inom avtalsrätten som gör gällande att förhandlingar sker på egen risk, dvs. vardera part står sina kostnader. Författaren kommer efter en analys fram till att förutsättningarna för att ett skadeståndsansvar enligt culpa in contrahendo skall bli aktuellt är att följande kriterier är uppfyllda; 1. culpöst agerande 2. att skadelidande haft tillit till motparten 3. att denna tillit kan påvisas genom ett konkret agerande 4. samt att tilliten kan anses vara befogad. Ett culpöst agerande enligt kontraktsrätten kunde efter en analys av praxis i vart fall konstateras vara 1) oskäligt dröjsmål samt 2) vilseledande information. Efter en analys av principen utifrån de två områdena köp av fast egendom och köprätten konstaterade författaren att culpa in contrahendo inte kan sägas ha en annan betydelse än den kontraktuella. Vad som är oaktsamt agerande i de två specialstuderade områdena kan i princip placeras direkt under något av de två kriterierna från kontraktsrätten. Författaren konstaterar vidare att kriterierna för att fastställa ansvaret inte uttryckligen enligt förarbeten eller praxis är de samma, men grunden är ändock att skadelidande haft tillit till motpartens kunskap och information.
6
Gebhardt, Ulrich. "Herabsetzung der Gegenleistung nach culpa in contrahendo /." Berlin : Duncker & Humblot, 2001. http://www.gbv.de/dms/sbb-berlin/324372574.pdf.
Full text
7
Kakatsakis, Spyridon. "Die culpa in contrahendo nach neuem Schuldrecht /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2007. http://aleph.unisg.ch/hsgscan/hm00191346.pdf.
Full text
8
Adam, Jürgen [Verfasser]. "Öffentliche Auftragsvergabe und culpa in contrahendo. / Jürgen Adam." Berlin : Duncker & Humblot, 2011. http://d-nb.info/1238347975/34.
Full text
9
Adolfsson, Linus. "Culpa in contrahendo : Särskilt om lojalitetsplikt och skadeståndets omfattning." Thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för juridik, psykologi och socialt arbete, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-76225.
Full text
10
Machold, Saskia. "Schadenersatz nach gescheiterten Vertragsverhandlungen /." Wien : LexisNexis, 2009. http://deposit.d-nb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?id=3343370&prov=M&dok_var=1&dok_ext=htm.
Full text
11
Ojeda, Guillén Luis. "La culpa in contrahendo y la responsabilidad precontractual en el Código Civil." Master's thesis, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2008. http://tesis.pucp.edu.pe/repositorio/handle/123456789/1139.
Full textAbstract:
El Derecho puede ser considerado como una rama del saber humano; como
una ciencia social, definible como un conjunto de principios y leyes que rigen
un grupo homogéneo de hechos, de fenómenos denominados jurídicos (igual
que la biología o la química o la física estudian determinados grupos de
fenómenos). Esta ciencia social, cuyo objeto central son las relaciones
socioeconómicas del hombre, está muy lejos de haber agotado su campo de
estudio. Por el contrario, constantemente se amplían sus fronteras, se
rediseñan sus contornos, se redefinen sus alcances. El Derecho avanza,
evoluciona, puesto que las relaciones entre los hombres también experimentan
cambios. Así pues, el Derecho no es estático (o no debiera serlo), más bien
tiene la obligación de adecuarse a la velocidad del cambio de las relaciones
socioeconómicas, a las nuevas formas de relacionarse, a los nuevos modelos
de conductas.
Dentro del universo de ramas que componen a la ciencia del Derecho, y en
especial al Derecho civil, el tema de la responsabilidad civil se nos ofrece como
un amplio campo de estudio ya que sus orígenes van de la mano con las
primeras manifestaciones de la actividad humana, fijando su punto de partida
en la etapa de la venganza privada que luego iría evolucionado, a la par que lo
haría el concepto de Estado, hacia la etapa del resarcimiento del daño. Así
pues, es lógico pensar que, siendo la figura de la responsabilidad civil tan
antigua como el Derecho mismo, mantenga un halo cautivador, una invitación
permanente a estudiar sus distintos matices, sus distintas formas de
presentarse ante nosotros. Y dentro de este amplio campo de acción
encontramos que la figura de la responsabilidad precontractual, la cual será
objeto central de nuestro estudio, si bien ha sido analizada por la doctrina, no
ha sido adecuadamente valorada por nuestra regulación civil, la que le ha
dedicado poco espacio y esfuerzo.Tesis
12
Henk, Alexander [Verfasser]. "Die Haftung für culpa in contrahendo im IPR und IZVR. / Alexander Henk." Berlin : Duncker & Humblot, 2010. http://d-nb.info/1238356885/34.
Full text
13
Chi, Ying. "Verschulden bei Vertragsverhandlungen im chinesischen Recht /." Hamburg : Kovač, 2005. http://www.gbv.de/dms/spk/sbb/recht/toc/477064612.pdf.
Full text
14
Fischer, Sven. "Vereinbarungen über Vertragsverhandlungen." St. Gallen, 2005. http://www.biblio.unisg.ch/org/biblio/edoc.nsf/wwwDisplayIdentifier/01650001001/$FILE/01650001001.pdf.
Full text
15
Piacitelli-Guedj, Aurélia. "Le droit international privé de négociation précontractuelle." Thesis, Paris 11, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA111019.
Full textAbstract:
Dans un contexte de mondialisation, face à l’accroissement des échanges et la complexification des contrats internationaux, les négociations précontractuelles ont pris une dimension particulière : création de nouvelles obligations, étirement de la durée des pourparlers, multiplications des contrats préliminaires, tout conduit à transformer cette simple période de transition en une étape primordiale de la vie contractuelle. Les différentes phases de négociation entre partenaires internationaux vont ainsi générer des contentieux qui intéressent le droit international privé. En effet, la valeur juridique de la négociation diverge d’un régime juridique à un autre. Alors que les Etats de common law adoptent une conception individualiste des pourparlers avec pour principe une liberté contractuelle très étendue, la civil law circonscrit la liberté contractuelle par le respect d’un devoir de bonne foi. Par conséquent, il apparaît essentiel, pour les parties, de connaître avec certitude le droit applicable à leur relation précontractuelle.Or les règles de conflits existantes, supposées garantir la sécurité juridique des parties à la négociation en leur assurant une certaine prévisibilité des solutions, ne sont pas adaptées à l’heure actuelle. Dans cette perspective, l’objet de la recherche s’attache à considérer les spécificités de la période précontractuelle et les questions de droit international privé s’y rattachant et tente d’y apporter des réponses efficaces en proposant des règles de conflits adaptées, afin de garantir la sécurité juridique à laquelle aspirent les parties à la négociationIn a context of globalization, facing increased trade and the increasing complexity of international contracts, pre-contractual negotiations take a special dimension: creating new obligations, stretching the length of talks, multiplications of preliminary contracts, are leading to transform this simple transition in a primordial stage of contracts. The different phases of negotiation between international partners and will generate interest litigation private international law.Indeed, the legal negotiation differs from one legal regime to another. Common law countries adopt an individualistic principle for talks with extensive contractual freedom, whereas civil law circumscribes the freedom of contract in respect of a duty of good faith. Therefore, it is essential for the parties to know with certainty the law applicable to their pre-contractual relationship.However, the existing conflict rules, supposed to guarantee the legal security of the negotiating parties by ensuring predictability solutions are not appropriate at this time. In this perspective, the purpose of the research focuses on considering the specificities of the pre-contractual period and issues of private international law relating thereto and attempts to provide effective responses by providing conflict rules adapted to ensure legal certainty aspired parties to the negotiation
16
Svensson, Anders. "Culpa in contrahendo och formkravet i JB : De lege lata och de lege ferenda." Thesis, Internationella Handelshögskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, IHH, Rättsvetenskap, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-15201.
Full text
17
Forsberg, Bella, and Jenny Larsson. "Vad anses som en kritisk punkt där skadeståndsskyldighet enligt principen culpa in contrahendo aktualiseras?" Thesis, Malmö universitet, Malmö högskola, Institutionen för Urbana Studier (US), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-42911.
Full textAbstract:
Mycket kan gå fel när en part, i ett sent skede, väljer att hoppa av avtalsförhandlingarna i samband med ett bostadsköp eller en bostadsförsäljning. I svensk rätt är fastighetsköpet ett formalavtal vilket innebär att inget är bindande förrän formkraven är uppfyllda. Detta möjliggör att en part illojalt kan föra avtalsförhandlingar utan avsikt att ingå avtal, medan motparten ådrar sig kostnader som senare visar sig utan mening. I denna uppsats undersöks rättsfiguren culpa in contrahendo som innebär att en part som av oaktsamhet orsakat en skada för motparten i anknytning till avtalsförhandlingarna, kan komma att bli ersättningsskyldig för den inträffade skadan. Inte nog med att det krävs ett oaktsamt agerande för att ett prekontraktuellt ansvar skall aktualiseras ställs det även krav, utifrån rättspraxis och doktrin, på att avtalsförhandlingarna uppnått en kritisk punkt där lojalitetsplikten träder in. Syftet med denna uppsats är att försöka bringa klarhet i vad som kan betraktas som en kritisk punkt där ett skadeståndsansvar enligt principen om culpa in contrahendo blir gällande. Studien är främst baserad på en rättsvetenskaplig metod, som komplement har också en kvantitativ metod applicerats i form av en enkätundersökning. Utifrån rättspraxis har det kunnat fastställas att en kritisk punkt går att jämföra med de situationer där parterna undertecknat ett föravtal. Resultatet från enkätundersökningen visar att den kritiska punkten möjligen har sitt inträdande i samband med att en av parterna undertecknar köpekontraktet. Viktigt att understryka är att respondenternas svar inte kan betraktas som gällande rätt.A lot of things can go wrong when a part, at a late stage, exits during contract negotiations in connection with property conveyances. In Swedish law, the property purchase is a formal agreement, which means that nothing becomes binding until the formal requirements are met. This allows a part to disloyally negotiate agreements without intending to enter a contract, while the other part incurs costs that later prove meaningless. This essay investigates the legal figure culpa in contrahendo, which means that a part whose negligence causes an injury to the counterpart in connection with the contract negotiations may be liable for the damage. Not only is negligent behaviour required for a pre-contractual liability to be triggered, but there is also requirement, based on case law and jurisprudence, that the contract negotiations have reached a critical point where the duty of loyalty enters. The purpose of this essay is to try to clarify what can be considered a critical point where liability for damages according to the principle of culpa in contrahendo becomes valid. The study is mainly based on a legal method. As a complement, a quantitative method in the form of a study has been applied. Based on case law, it has been possible to establish that a critical point can be compared with the situations where the parties have signed a preliminary agreement. The results from the survey show that the critical point may have arisen when one of the parties signed the contract. It is important to emphasize that the respondent’s answers cannot be regarded as applicable law.
18
Rohlack, Tammo. "Das Verhältnis der positiven Forderungsverletzung und culpa in contrahendo zur Sachmängelhaftung beim Kauf- und Werkvertrag /." Baden-Baden : Nomos-Verl.-Ges, 1997. http://www.gbv.de/dms/spk/sbb/recht/toc/276906519.pdf.
Full text
19
Schneider, Nicole. "Uberrima fides : Treu und Glauben und vorvertragliche Aufklärungspflichten im englischen Recht /." Berlin : Duncker & Humblot, 2004. http://www.gbv.de/dms/spk/sbb/recht/toc/381000044.pdf.
Full text
20
Kurt, Marcus. "Culpa in contrahendo im europäischen Kollisionsrecht der vertraglichen und ausservertraglichen Schuldverhältnisse : eine Untersuchung zu Anwendungsbereich und Auslegung von Art. 12 Rom-II-Verordnung /." Baden-Baden : Nomos, 2009. http://d-nb.info/997249463/04.
Full text
21
Berger, Moritz. "Treu und Glauben und vorvertragliche Aufklärungspflichten im US-amerikanischen und deutschen Recht /." Göttingen : Cuvillier, 2003. http://www.gbv.de/dms/spk/sbb/recht/toc/365220779.pdf.
Full text
22
Hartmann, Stephan. "Die vorvertraglichen Informationspflichten und ihre Verletzung : klassisches Vertragsrecht und modernes Konsumentenschutzrecht /." Freiburg, Schweiz : Univ-Verl, 2001. http://www.gbv.de/dms/sbb-berlin/323070701.pdf.
Full text
23
Oskar, Johansson. "Fastighetsöverlåtelse - parternas prekontraktuella ansvar." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för ekonomi, teknik och samhälle, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-69419.
Full textAbstract:
Avtalsförhandlingar innebär skyldigheter för avtalsparterna, detta är delvis ett utfall av lojalitetsplikten. Parterna måste ta hänsyn till varandras intressen, någon som handlar vårdslöst eller illojalt under avtalsförhandlingarna kan ådra sig skadeståndsskyldighet. Vid fastighetsköp har denna grundtanke länge varit undantagen genom praxis. Motiveringen för undantaget har hittills varit att prekontraktuella skadestånd innebär att formkravet urholkas. Genom ett obiter dictum uttalande, vid sidan av huvudfrågan i domen, från 2012 har HD yttrat ett försiktigt stöd för pre-kontraktuellt ansvar vid fastighetsköp. För att undersöka rättsläget tillämpas rättsdogmatisk metod. I skrivande stund har inget nytt mål prövats av HD och rättsläget förblir oklart.
24
Bergenstråhle, Sofia. "Ansvar för culpa in contrahendo vid avbrutet företagsförvärv : En studie om förutsättningarna för att en förhandlingspart ska bli skyldig att bära motpartens onyttiga kostnader vid avbrutna förhandlingar om företagsförvärv." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Juridiska institutionen, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-279602.
Full text
25
Jaroš, Marta. "Atsakomybė už ikisutartinių santykių pažeidimą." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2012. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2012~D_20120703_131743-25708.
Full textAbstract:
Darbe analizuojamas atsakomybės už ikisutartinių santykių pažeidimą institutas, šio instituto Lietuvoje teisinio reglamentavimo pakankamumo bei taikymo problema. Prieš nagrinėjant tendencijas, vyraujančias Lietuvoje, pateikiamos išsamios ikisutartinės atsakomybės Vakarų valstybėse reguliavimo tradicijos bei tokios atsakomybės istorinė raida. Ikisutartinės atsakomybės instituto teisinio reguliavimo įvairovė - culpa in contrahendo doktrina nepripažįstama bendrosios teisės tradicijos šalyse – leidžia daryti išvadą, kad ikisutartinės civilinės atsakomybės taikymo ribos kontinentinėje teisėje yra platesnės. Tačiau iš esmės visose šalyse nesąžiningas šalių elgesys ikisutartiniuose santykiuose yra netoleruojamas ir atsakomybė už pareigos elgtis sąžiningai ir rūpestingai ikisutartiniuose santykiuose pažeidimą yra pripažįstama, tačiau grindžiama skirtingais pagrindais. Darbe taip pat aptariamas reikšmingas ikisutartinės atsakomybės vietos civilinės atsakomybės sistemoje klausimas. Įvertinus ikisutartinės civilinės atsakomybės instituto teisinį reglamentavimą bei ypatumus, daroma išvada, kad ikisutartinė atsakomybė nėra trečia (taip vadinamoji sui generis), šalia CK 6.245 str. 2 d. paminėtų deliktinės ir sutartinės, civilinės atsakomybės rūšis.
Antrame darbo skyriuje analizuojamas sąžiningumo, kaip esminio ikisutartinių santykių elemento, turinys, bei keliams sąžiningumo ir sutarties laisvės principų teisingos bei protingos pusiausvyros klausimas. Atsižvelgiant į teisės doktrinoje... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]The aim of this thesis is to discuss the question of pre-contractual liability, the problem of it‘s application and regulation sufficiency in Lithuanian legal system. Before dealing with this point the study presents detailed regulatory traditions of pre-contactual liability in western countries and it‘s historical development. The fact that doctrine culpa in contahendo is not recognized in common law systems leads to conclusion that application of pre-contactual liability is wider in continental system of law. On the other hand, almost all countries declare not tolerating unfair dealing in pre-contactual relations, but the legal liability in cases for breach of general obligation of good faith in pre-conractual negotiations is based on different grounds. The study also examines the problem of the determination of pre-contactual liability in general civil liability system. After the evaluation of the features and legal regulation of pre-contactual liability, the research leads to the conclution that this type of liability cannot be qualified as the third – sui generis – separate type of liability. The second chapter analyzes the principle of good faith which is essential in pre-contactual stage. The problem of reasonable balance between principles of good faith and freedom of contract is beeing solved as well. Taking into account that three types of pre-contactual relations can be mentioned – negotiations, framework agreement and public tender procedures, - the question of... [to full text]
26
Pohlmann, André. "Die Haftung wegen Verletzung von Aufklärungspflichten : ein Beitrag zur culpa in contrahendo und zur positiven Forderungsverletzung unter Berücksichtigung der Schuldrechtsreform /." Berlin : Duncker & Humblot, 2002. http://www.gbv.de/dms/sbb-berlin/350701768.pdf.
Full text
27
Jörgensen, Kristensson Julia, and Sara Göransson. "Vid vilket skede anses lojalitetsplikten kunna utgöra en skadeståndsgrund vid prekontraktuella förhållanden inom fastighetsköp?" Thesis, Malmö universitet, Malmö högskola, Institutionen för Urbana Studier (US), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-42867.
Full textAbstract:
Within Swedish tort law, liability for damages is regulated within both contractual and non- contractual relationships. Furthermore, a culpable act must have taken place for a liability for indemnity to be possibly/probable presented. Furthermore, it is the principle culpa in contrahendo that imposes liability for culpable acts that take place in the pre-contractual stage. Culpa in contrahendo is, however, a principle that is not found in statutory law, but instead in several legal systems. The principle was applied for the first time in the case NJA 1963 p.105. The case concerned negotiations that never led to a final contractual relationship, which resulted in an adjudged indemnity. Although the indemnity was limited with regard for the negative contractual interests, they still became a support for a pre-contractual liability for indemnity based on the principle culpa in contrahendo. However, implementing the principle in contractual issues concerning property purchases, turns out to involve a number of contradictions; on the one hand, the negative freedom of contract and the formal requirements weigh heavily, on the other hand, the duty of loyalty and its pre-contractual responsibility prevail. In a balance of interests, at what point does one aspect weigh more heavily than the other? How far advanced should the contract negotiations be before the duty of loyalty outweighs the formal requirements and the negative contractual interest, which, among other things, must mean security and freedom of contract? Is the principle even possible to implement in matters concerning property purchases? The investigation states that culpa in contrahendo can possibly be applied even to property purchases, as the principle may be considered accepted within Swedish law. However, the formal requirements and the negative contractual interest may limit any indemnity. The time when the duty of loyalty arises seems to be when one party makes another party believe that an agreement will be finalized, when the intention to execute an agreement does not in fact exist. It is also required that adequate causality is established, between the party’s culpable actions and the other party’s costs as well as financial damage in connection with the belief that an agreement should be executed. However, it is also required that other circumstances speak in favor of, or rather do not argue against, an adjudged indemnity.Inom den svenska skadeståndsrätten regleras skadeståndsansvaret inom såväl kontraktuella som utomkontraktuella avtalsförhållanden. Vidare ska bland annat ett culpöst agerande ha ägt rum för att ett skadeståndsansvar ska vara möjligt att utdömas. Fortsatt är det principen culpa in contrahendo som utdömer skadeståndsansvar för culpösa ageranden som sker i det prekontraktuella stadiet. Culpa in contrahendo är dock en princip som inte återfinns i den svenska lagtexten. Principen har istället internationellt vuxit fram och återfinns i flera rättsordningar. Sett till en implementering av principen i svensk domstol tillämpades principen för första gången i rättsfallet NJA 1963 s.105. Rättsfallet berörde förhandlingar som aldrig ledde till ett slutligt avtalsförhållande, vilket resulterade i ett utdömt skadestånd. Visserligen begränsades skadeståndet, med hänsyn till de negativa kontraktsintresset, men det lade ändock en grund för möjligheten att tillämpa principen om culpa in contrahendo i svensk rätt. Men att däremot implementera principen i avtalsfrågor berörande fastighetsköp, visar sig dock innebära ett flertal motstridigheter; å ena sidan väger den negativa avtalsfriheten och formkraven tungt, å andra sidan råder lojalitetsplikten och dess prekontraktuella ansvar. Vid en intresseavvägning, vid vilken tidpunkt väger den ena aspekten tyngre än den andra? Hur långt framskridna bör avtalsförhandlingarna vara innan lojalitetsplikten väger tyngre än formkraven och det negativa kontraktsintresset, som bland annat ska innebära trygghet och avtalsfrihet? Är principen ens möjlig att implementera i frågor gällande fastighetsköp? Undersökningen visar att culpa in contrahendo inte omöjligen kan appliceras även vid fastighetsköp, då principen får anses vara accepterad inom svensk rätt. Dock, kan formkraven och det negativa kontraktsintresset komma att begränsa ett eventuellt skadestånd. Tidpunkten för då lojalitetsplikten inträder tycks vara då en av parterna låter motparten tro att avtal kommer att ingås, när avsikten att ingå avtal i själva verket inte finns. Det krävs även att adekvat kausalitet råder, mellan parts culpösa agerande och motpartens kostnader samt ekonomiska skada i samband med tron om att avtal ska ingås. Dock, krävs det även att övriga omständigheter talar för, eller snarare inte talar emot, att ett skadestånd ska utdömas.
28
Schwarze, Roland. "Vorvertragliche Verständigungspflichten /." Tübingen : Mohr Siebeck, 2001. http://www.gbv.de/dms/spk/sbb/recht/toc/331389908.pdf.
Full text
29
Pouliadis, Athanassios K. [Verfasser]. "Culpa in contrahendo und Schutz Dritter. : Betrachtungen zur Rechtssprechung des BGH unter vergleichender Berücksichtigung des griechischen Rechts. / Athanassios K. Pouliadis." Berlin : Duncker & Humblot, 2021. http://d-nb.info/1237969034/34.
Full text
30
Keller, Moritz [Verfasser]. "Schuldverhältnis und Rechtskreisöffnung. : Von der Lehre der culpa in contrahendo zum Rücksichtnahmeschuldverhältnis der §§ 311 Abs. 2 und Abs. 3 BGB. / Moritz Keller." Berlin : Duncker & Humblot, 2010. http://d-nb.info/1238357369/34.
Full text
31
Schäfer, Georg. "Die Pflicht des Franchisegebers zu vorvertraglicher Aufklärung /." Baden-Baden : Nomos, 2007. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=015519753&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.
Full text
32
Serra, Sonia. "Recherche sur la qualification du contrat de compte-titres." Lille 2, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006LIL20008.
Full textAbstract:
L'Article 94-II de la loi n°81-1160 du 30 décembre 1981 a transformé le mode de détention et la représentation des valeurs mobilières. En raison de leur inscription obligatoire en compte, les titres sont devenus des meubles incorporels. Une partie de la doctrine considère que le juge doit modifier la qualification du contrat de compte-titres, car ce ne serait plus un contrat de dépôt de titres. Or, la Cour de cassation maintient cette qualification. La qualification retenue par le juge suppose que le contrat de compte-titres réponde aux conditions de contrat de dépôt prévues par le Code civil. La qualification retenue entraîne l'application du régime des obligations du dépositaire de titres à celles du teneur de compte conservateur. L'intérêt d'une recherche sur la qualification du contrat de compte-titres permet de déterminer les obligations principales du contrat de compte-titres et le régime qui leur est applicableArticle 94-II of the law n°81-1160 of december 30 th, 1981 transformed the way od detention and representation of transferable securities. Because of their obligatory inscription in account, the securities became incorporeal movables. A part of the doctrine deems to the judge must modify the qualification of the contract of account-securities, because that would not be any more a contract of deposit securities. However, the Court of cassation support this qualification. The qualification chosen by the judge implies that the contract of account-securities comes up to the conditions of the conditions of the contract of deposit specified by the Code civil. The qualification accepted entails the application of the system of the obligations of the depository's securities to the ones of the conservatice account-securities. The relevance of the research on the qualification of the contract of account-securities permits to determine the main obligations of the contract and the system which is applicable to them
33
Melhem, Hicham. "L'obligation de négocier en droit des contrats." Lille 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003LIL20018.
Full textAbstract:
L'obligation de négocier est un lien de droit conférant à l'une des parties, voire aux deux, le droit d'exiger de l'autre la discussion en vue de la conclusion d'un accord. L'étude de la seule obligation de négocier connue par la doctrine, c'est-à-dire l'obligation conventionnelle, a permis de découvrir une abondance insoupçonnée de sources. La thèse a également révélé une obligation prétorienne générale de négocier le contrat ainsi qu'une obligation légale imposée par le législateur dans les droits de la concurrence et de la consommation. La connaissance apportée par notre thèse sur l'identification et le contenu de l'obligation de négocier, facilitera la tâche des magistrats quant à la sanction des fautes précontractuelles. Les juges seront évidemment plus enclins à retenir la responsabilité en cas de rupture des pourparlers, si l'obligation de négocier est reconnue que si cette oblitation est ignoréeThe obligation to negotiate is a legal nexus conferring on the parties the right to require discussion to conclude an agreement. Focusing on the only obligation to negotiate known by the Doctrine, i. E. The contractual obligation, made it possible to discover an unsuspected abundance of sources. The thesis has also revealed a general Praetorian obligation to negotiate contracts as well as an obligation imposed by the legislature in Competition Law and Consumer Law. The knowledge brought by our thesis on the identification and the contents of the obligation to negotiate will facilitate the task of the magistrates to hold liable contractual breaches. The judges will obviously be more inclined to assign liability in the event that negociation breaks down, when the obligation to negotiate is recognized
34
Scherrer, Andrea. "Haftung von vertragsfremden Dritten." St. Gallen, 2006. http://www.biblio.unisg.ch/org/biblio/edoc.nsf/wwwDisplayIdentifier/01653708001/$FILE/01653708001.pdf.
Full text
35
Fabre-Magnan, Muriel. "Essai d'une théorie de l'obligation d'information dans les contrats." Paris 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA010282.
Full textAbstract:
Cette thèse a pour objet de présenter les conditions théoriques d'existence d'une obligation d'information entre contractants, d'exposer comment cette obligation doit concrètement s'exécuter et enfin d'indiquer les diverses sanctions qui sont encourues lorsque l'obligation n'est pas exécutée ou mal exécutée. Une nouvelle distinction fondamentale est proposée au sein des obligations d'information au lieu de la distinction classique entre les obligations précontractuelles et les obligations contractuelles d'information qui est souvent insatisfaisanteThe purpose of this thesis is to set out the conditions under which a duty of disclosure arises between the parties to a contract, to explain what obligations are entailled by such a duty and the sanctions applicable in case of breach. A new basis of distinguishing between such obligations is proposed, in place of the classic distinction between pre-contractual and contractual obligation which is in many instances unsatisfactory
36
Chen, Peng. "L' information précontractuelle en droit des assurances : étude de droit comparé français et chinois." Aix-Marseille 3, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004AIX32067.
Full text
37
Nüßlein, Elke [Verfasser]. "Die Integration der culpa in contrahendo in das BGB nach der Schuldrechtsreform : Eine Studie zu den Erhaltungspflichten im Licht des Linoleumrollen-Urteil des Reichsgerichts RGZ 78, 239ff. / Elke Nüßlein." Frankfurt a.M. : Peter Lang GmbH, Internationaler Verlag der Wissenschaften, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1162722487/34.
Full text
38
Sulzer, Stefan Robert. "Zweckstörungen im schweizerischen Vertragsrecht /." Zürich [u.a.] : Schulthess Juristische Medien, 2002. http://www.gbv.de/dms/spk/sbb/recht/toc/356962024.pdf.
Full text
39
Sorling, Wibeke. "Hyrköp av fast egendom - ett giltigt förvärv av fastighet? : En studie av hyrköpets innebörd och rättsverkningar." Thesis, Jönköping University, JIBS, Commercial Law, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-11090.
Full textAbstract:
Hyrköp av fast egendom är en relativt ny företeelse på fastighetsmarknaden. Hyrköpet innebär att en hyresgäst träffar hyresavtal med ett bostadsbolag som erbjuder en hyrköpsmodell och avtalet kombineras med en optionsrätt. Optionsrätten innebär att hyresgästen, ”hyrköparen”, ges en rätt att inom optionstiden förvärva fastigheten i fråga.
Sedan länge har fastighetsrätten i Sverige varit kringgärdat av formkrav. Formkravets primära syfte har varit att inte belasta köpare och säljare mer än nödvändigt men tvinga parterna till att reglera vissa minimikrav för att ett giltigt fastighetsförvärv skall komma till stånd. Bakgrunden till reglerna utgörs av att det från allmän synpunkt är angeläget att avtal inte förbinds med villkor, som medför osäkerhet och oreda i äganderättsförhållanden.
Det fastighetsrättsliga formkravet har medfört att utfästelser om framtida försäljning av fast egendom sedan länge varit ogiltiga i svensk rätt. Vad gäller hyrköpet innebär den optionsrätt som avtalas i samband med hyresavtalet att bostadsbolaget gör en utfästelse om framtida försäljning. Eftersom sådana utfästelser generellt anses ogiltiga utreder denna uppsats rättsverkningarna av att sådan utfästelse de facto avtalas vid ett hyrköp. Författaren ställer sig sålunda frågan huruvida hyrköpet kan ges någon rättslig relevans, om inte inom fastighetsrätten men inom andra rättsområden som aktualiseras av hyrköpet? Bakgrunden till att författaren velat utredda nämnda frågeställning utgörs av att hyrköpet tillsynes ställer förfördelad part vid en tvist utan tillämpliga regelverk för utrönandet av en specifik rättsverkan. Författaren har sålunda velat utreda gällande rätt för hyrköpet utifrån ett ”tvisteperspektiv” för att påvisa den reella situation avtalsparterna står inför vid ett hyrköp.
En empiri har genomförts för att låta bostadsbolag som erbjuder hyrköp belysa de anledningar till att hyrköpsmodeller lanseras och hur lanseringen till dags dato fungerat.
Författarens omfattande rättsutredning av fastighetsrätt, optionsrätt, avtalsrätt och skadeståndsrätt har tillsammans med empirin lett fram till författarens slutsatser kring hyrköpet. Författaren anser att det krävs en översyn av gällande fastighetsrätt från lagstiftarens sida. I avvaktan på lagstiftarens respons bör vidare fastighetsbolag och privatpersoner, i framtiden avstå ifrån att tillämpa modellen då hyrköpet rättsligt utgör ett i hög grad osäkert fastighetsförvärv.
40
Pignatta, Franscisco Augusto. "La phase précontractuelle sous l'empire de la Convention de Vienne sur la vente internationale et des droits français et brésilien." Université Robert Schuman (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008STR30012.
Full textAbstract:
Cette thèse a pour objet de déterminer les conditions dans lesquelles la responsabilité précontractuelle, issue d'une révocation d'offre ou d'une rupture de pourparlers, est susceptible d'être appliquée dans le cadre de la Convention des Nations-Unies sur la vente internationale de marchandises. Dans les cas où la relation précontractuelle est régie par les règles de droit international privé, une analyse comparée des solutions données par les droits français et brésilien nous montre les similitudes et les différences de ces droits nés de la "famille romano-germanique"The object of this thesis is to determine in which conditions the pre-contractual responsibility provided of revocation of an offer or of the breach concerning preliminary negotiations can be applied on the board of discussions of United nations convention on contracts for the international sale of goods. In the cases which the relation between the parties is ruled by the international private law, a comparative analysis of the solutions of the french and brazilian law can indicate the correspondences and differences between these laws originated of the Roman-Germanic family
41
Elsehly, Mahmoud. "La période précontractuelle : étude comparée des régimes français et égyptien." Thesis, Toulouse 1, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018TOU10047/document.
Full textAbstract:
La période précontractuelle est une période importante dans la vie de la plupart des contrats de nos jours, en raison de la mondialisation et de la complexité des relations juridiques et économiques entre les parties. Dès lors, cette période soulève de nombreux problèmes et questions concernant sa définition, ses dispositions, les droits et les obligations des parties, la nature de la responsabilité durant cette phase, etc. La complexité de l’étude de cette période réside dans sa division en deux phases : les négociations précontractuelles et les contrats préparatoires. Malgré l’importance de cette période vitale et la nécessité de répondre aux questions soulevées par celle-ci, beaucoup de régimes juridiques négligent de réglementer cette période, comme le droit égyptien et le droit français avant l’ordonnance n° 2016-131 du 10 février 2016 portant réforme du droit des contrats, du régime général et de la preuve des obligations, qui a tenté de codifier cette période. A-t-il réussi sa mission ? Le Code civil égyptien peut-il s’inspirer de l’expérience du législateur français ? Le but de cette thèse est donc de répondre à ces questions dans un cadre juridique analytique comparatifPre-contractual phase form an important part of contracts’ life cycle; for reasons including globalization and the complexity of legal and economic relations gathering the concerned parties. Building on this importance this phase arises numerous problems and questions concerning its definition, regulation, rights and duties of the parties and nature of liability during this stage including the negotiations and preparatory contracts. Despite the importance and vitality of this phase, and the necessity to answer the risen questions legislations tend to neglect the regulation of this period. A perfect example of this lack of legislative action is the Egyptian law in addition to the French one preceding the major contract law reform that took place in 2016. This reform tried to codify this period. The question rising in this regard is the following: did this reform attend its mission? If so, can the Egyptian civil code be inspired by the experience of the French legislature? This thesis aims to answer these questions using a comparative analytical legal approach
42
Martinez-Cardenas, Betty Mercedes. "La responsabilité précontractuelle : étude comparative des régimes colombien et français." Thesis, Paris 2, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA020005/document.
Full textAbstract:
La responsabilité précontractuelle dérive de la transposition du devoir d'agir de bonne foi qui pèse sur les contractants au stade de l'exécution du contrat à celle de sa formation. En Colombie, cette transposition s'est faite en 1971 par voie législative dans le Code du commerce alors qu‟en France elle s'est produite grâce à la jurisprudence. Toutefois, le caractère répressif de la responsabilité au stade de la formation du contrat est encore conçu, au mieux, comme une simple réminiscence de la responsabilité délictuelle et, au pire, comme une sanction marginale à la responsabilité contractuelle. L'intérêt qui existe dans cette recherche en droit comparé consiste, en effet, à trouver le critère qui donne à la responsabilité précontractuelle son autonomie, sa spécificité. Ainsi, une observation attentive nous a permis de découvrir que ceux qui persistent à nier l‟existence de la responsabilité précontractuelle en la rattachant à la délictuelle se sont penchés sur un critère chronologique emprunté à l'ancienne notion du contrat : le moment de sa conclusion. En effet, d'après eux, l'absence de contrat justifie que l'on applique le principe général de responsabilité délictuelle. Pourtant, la comparaison des régimes colombien et français montre la fragilité de ce raisonnement face aux nombreuses victimes des vices du consentement qui, de plus en plus, préfèrent l'indemnisation du dommage à la nullité du contrat. Une fragilité qui se révèle d‟autant plus évidente face aux dommages-intérêts qui sont accordés par les juges dans des contrats bel et bien formés, mais qui ne correspondent pas aux fautes dans l'exécution des obligations qui en découlent, mais aux fautes au stade de sa formation. En essence, l'identification des points de convergence ou de divergence de ces droits au stade de la formation du contrat, et leur comparaison par rapport aux mutations du régime de la bonne foi semblent, en effet, contribuer au renforcement de la responsabilité précontractuelle en tant qu'institution autonomePre-contractual liability is derived from the transfer of the duty of the contracting parties to act in good faith from the contract performance phase to the contract formation phase. This transfer was carried out in Colombia by legislative action through the 1971 Commerce Code and in France, by jurisprudence. Nevertheless, the repressive nature of liability during contract formation is still interpreted as simply a reminiscence of delictual liability, at best, and as a marginal sanction for contractual liability, at worst. The goal of this study in comparative law is to find a criterion that confers autonomy and specificity to pre-contractual liability. Therefore, careful analysis by the author led to the discovery that those who insist on denying the existence of pre-contractual liability by linking it to delictual liability have based their argument on a chronological perspective taken from the old notion of contract, i.e., the time of execution. Furthermore, in their view, the absence of a contract justifies the application of the non-contractual liability regime. However, a comparison of the Colombian and French systems on this matter shows the fragility of the argument when faced with the large number of victims of defects of consent who, day after day, prefer indemnification of damages instead of a ruling of nullity of contract. This fragility is much more evident when judges order the indemnification of damages in well-formed contracts, due not to faults related to failure to meet any of the obligations that are derived from them, but to faults originating in the contract formation phase. In essence, finding common ground and discrepancies between the Colombian and French law systems regarding the contract formation phase and comparing them with the mutations of the good faith regime seem to actually contribute to consolidating pre-contractual liability as an autonomous institution
43
Machefaux, Erwan. "L'obligation d'information dans les cessions de contrôle." Thesis, Paris 1, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020PA01D042.
Full textAbstract:
Les cessions de contrôle se matérialisent par une cession de droits sociaux d’une nature particulière, ayant un régime juridique propre, car elles constituent, dans le même temps, la principale modalité de transmission des entreprises. Pour cette raison, elles sont à la fois un enjeu économique majeur et difficile à maîtriser, parce que l’entreprise qui en est l’objet recouvre une réalité complexe. De plus, il existe un grand déséquilibre des connaissances de l’entreprise entre les parties. Aussi, très souvent, le contentieux des cessions de contrôle provient d’un évènement survenant après la cession, mais qui trouve son origine au cours de la période de gestion du cédant. Le cessionnaire est alors déçu par la dévalorisation des titres qui en résulte et parce qu’il doit gérer cet évènement préjudiciable à la société. Ainsi, dans un premier temps, sont étudiés les principaux recours à la disposition du cessionnaire déçu dans le cadre supplétif qui permettent de sanctionner les manquements à l’obligation d’information du cédant. Ils comprennent les vices du consentement (l’erreur et le dol), les garanties attachées à la vente (la garantie des vices cachés et la garantie d’éviction) et l’obligation d’information consacrée par la réforme du droit des contrats du 10 février 2016. Dans un second temps, ce sont les principaux actes qui jalonnent l’opération et qui permettent aux parties de gérer conventionnellement l’obligation d’information qui sont analysés. Il s’agit de la garantie de passif lato sensu, des clauses d’ajustement du prix et des audits. Le recours aux professionnels de l’information et le contenu concret de l’information y sont également étudiés. Cette analyse réalisée à travers le prisme de l’obligation d’information permet d’éclairer d’un jour nouveau les cessions de contrôle. Elle se comporte comme une boussole qui permet d’apprécier les chances de succès des différents recours et la mise en place d’une stratégie juridique globaleTransfers of control are a particular type of share transfer, with their own legal framework, as they form, at the same time, the main means of transferring companies. As such, they are a major economic challenge; difficult to control since the company itself is a complex construct. Moreover, there is an important imbalance of knowledge in relation to the transferred company between the parties. Also, very frequently, transfers of control disputes arise from an event occurring after the transfer, but which originates during the period of management by the transferor. The transferee is therefore disappointed by the devaluation of the shares and has to deal with the adverse consequences following its acquisition of the company. In the first instance, the main recourses available to the disappointed transferee allowing notably the sanction of the violation of the transferor’s duty to inform are examined within the legal framework. This includes notably the defects in consent (mistake and fraud), the guarantees related to the sale (the guarantee against latent defects and the guarantee against dispossession), as well as the duty to inform formalized by the reform of French contract law dated 10 February 2016. In the second instance, the main agreements which formalize the operation and allow the parties to deal contractually with such duty to inform are analyzed. This comprises notably the liability guarantee, price adjustment clauses and due diligence. The recourse to professional experts and the reliability of information provided are also examined. This analysis through the spectrum of the duty to inform sheds an updated light on transfers of control. It contains the tools to assess the chances of success of the different recourses available and the implementation of a global legal strategy
44
Barry, Sarah. "Les pourparlers précontractuels en droit québécois : de l’opportunité d’une modification du Code civil du Québec à la lumière des récentes réformes française et allemande." Thèse, Montpellier, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/21173.
Full text
45
Mahi-Disdet, Djamila. "L'obligation d'information dans les contrats du commerce electronique." Thesis, Avignon, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011AVIG2032/document.
Full textAbstract:
L’information des opérateurs, professionnels ou non, est l’outil le plus important de la confiance dans l’économie numérique et les textes européens et nationaux se sont multipliés pour l’assurer de manière de plus en plus complète. L’étude s’attachera à inventorier selon les sources (droit commun, code de la consommation, législations spéciales) et classer les différentes obligations d’information en proposant diverses typologies selon leur nature, leur objet (la chose et le prix, la durée, les modalités) et leur rôle dans le processus contractuel (information précontractuelle, information sur la formalisation du contrat, la rétractation). Elle évoquera les difficultés liées à la combinaison des règles spéciales et des règles de droit commun (contradictions, variations, chevauchements). Dans le silence des textes spéciaux, elle traitera enfin des sanctions du non-respect de l’obligation d’information selon qu’il met en cause, ou non, la validité du consentement (nullité du contrat, inopposabilité)Information for operators, professionals or not, is the main tool of confidence in the digital economy and the European and national texts have proliferated to reinforce this in a more and more comprehensive way. Based on its origins (common law, the Consumer Code, special laws), the study will seek to make an inventory and classify the different sources of information obligations by providing different typologies adapted to their nature or purpose (the object and its price, duration, terms) and their role in the contract process (pre-contractual information, information on the formalization of the contract, the withdrawal). It will discuss the difficulties associated with the combination of special rules and common law (contradictions, variations, overlapping). In the silence of specific texts, it will also cover the penalties for non compliance with the obligation of information depending on whether it questions or not the validity of the consent (void contract, unenforceable)
46
Němcová, Lenka. "Culpa in contrahendo." Master's thesis, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-274692.
Full text
47
Kolářová, Kateřina. "Culpa in contrahendo." Master's thesis, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-344473.
Full textAbstract:
Culpa in Contrahendo Resumé The aim of this degree work is to introduce the institute of pre-contractual liability and its practical application. The work focuses on the position of this institute in the Czech legislation, its classification in the system of laws before the recodification of civil law, and its express regulation in Act No. 89/2012 Coll., Civil Code. Much attention is devoted to rulings of the Supreme Court of the Czech Republic and its approach to the application of pre-contractual liability in specific cases. The degree work is divided into seven chapters. The first chapter defines the term 'Culpa in contrahendo', describes its origin in the work of a German jurist of genius, Rudolf von Jhering, and outlines the origin of the institute in Roman law. In this chapter is also a description of the first case of pre-contractual liability, 'Linoleumfall', which was resolved by the Imperial Court. The chapter also contains an overview of instances of pre-contractual liability embodied in foreign judicial codes. The second chapter describes the regulation of pre-contractual liability in the Czech body of laws before the recodification of civil law with illustrations of individual facts in issue formerly contained in Act No. 40/1964 Coll., Civil Code, and Act No. 513/1991 Coll., Commercial Code....
48
Obstová, Martina. "Předsmluvní odpovědnost (culpa in contrahendo)." Master's thesis, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-298315.
Full textAbstract:
Formation of a contract is nowadays more sophisticated than it formerly used to be due to major progress in communication technologies and technical development, and therefore, looking on negotiation process only through the notions of offer and acceptance alone appears to be somewhat insufficient. It is not unusual and infrequent that long term and complicated dealings take place prior to the conclusion of a contract, especially in more or less complex business matters. During various negotiation stages, many parties may incur different kinds of significant expenses in order to prepare well for the next phase of the negotiations and, eventually, for the targeted contractual performance. For the conclusion of a contract it may also be necessary to inform the other party about the terms and conditions which are essential for the first party's final decision about the contract, while some of this information might be considered as strictly confidential. Although the fundamental principle of contractual freedom allows the parties to act freely in negotiations and the contractual process is generally regarded as a non-binding relationship, there are some restrictions set up with the aim to protect good faith of the parties and support their fair dealings. According to the abovementioned, a situation...
49
Vlachová, Jitka. "Předsmluvní odpovědnost (culpa in contrahendo)." Master's thesis, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-308994.
Full textAbstract:
Pre-Contractual Liability (Culpa in Contrahendo) Summary The purpose of my thesis is to analyse the issue of pre-contractual liability from the microcomparative perspective which subsequently serves as the tool to characterise the main features of pre-contractual liability in the realm of Czech Civil and Commercial Codes. The reason for my research is to prove the existence and importance of pre-contractual liability in the Czech legal order as well as in the sphere of the European Union in the light of its respective case laws. The thesis is composed of five chapters, each of them dealing with different aspects of negotiation stage and pre-contractual liability. Chapter One is introductory and defines basic terminology, methodology used in the thesis, scope, and aims. Chapter Two examines chosen foreign legal regulations of pre-contractual liability. The essential attention is given to Germany, Austria, and Switzerland as those legal systems are very close to the Czech one (historically and geographically). The French view is also considered because legislators seek to prepare the reform of obligation laws. Finally, common law of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and the United States of America is discussed and challenged because of its adverse approach to pre-contractual liability....
50
Minzatu, Daniel. "Předsmluvní odpovědnost (culpa in contrahendo)." Master's thesis, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-309328.
Full textAbstract:
One of the main notions of private law system - conclusions of commercial transactions - belong to those human activities that have achieved a high level of complexity and have long-reaching consequences. The often present a long process with the necessity of incurring substantial investment. Therefore, the legal systems of many countries introduce measures that aim to protect good faith of the participants in negotiations. The concept of precontractual liability provides remedy to the injured party which takes part in a contracting process. The main objective of this thesis is to examine the content of pre-contractual duty to act in accordance with good faith and determine whether these obligations are based on a firm legal basis. The first chapter of this thesis deals with the concept of pre-contractual liability in general. First, it describes the social demand which should be adressed by this concept. In the second subsection of the first chapter, we discuss the theory of pre-contractual liability, which was deduced from Roman law by the German legal scholar Rudolf von Jhering. In the second chapter an attempt is undertaken to explore the contents of the primary obligations of pre-contractual liability, or in other words the concept of objective good faith as it is applied to contractual...