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Araújo, I. J. S., A. B. De Paula, J. C. O. Sardi, R. N. Stipp, and R. M. Puppin-Rontani. "Influência de Compósito com Metacrilato de Triclosan na Viabilidade de Células Bacterianas e Humanas." Journal of Health Sciences 19, no. 5 (2018): 117. http://dx.doi.org/10.17921/2447-8938.2017v19n5p117.
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Neste estudo avaliou-se a toxicidade de compósito experimental, com monômero Metacrilato de Triclosan (MT), sobre células bacterianas e humanas. Foram confeccionados discos (2x5 mm) de dois compósitos C1 (TEGDMA/BISEMA + carga) e C2 (C1 + MT). Para a viabilidade bacteriana foi utilizada cepa de S. mutans UA159. Os discos foram colocados em placas de cultura de 24 poços, com 2 ml de BHI e inóculo bacteriano, por 24 h. Decorrido o tempo, os discos foram lavados com PBS e a viabilidade celular avaliada por XTT. A solução de XTT foi dispensada sobre os discos, e armazenada em estufa a 37 ºC, com 10% de CO2, por 4 h. Após a incubação, 200 μl da solução foram dispensados em eppendorfs, centrifugados e o sobrenadante transferido para uma placa de 96 poços para leitura das absorbâncias. Para avaliação em células humanas, foram utilizadas células NOK cultivadas em soro fetal bovino 10% a 37 °C. As células (1X105 células/ml) ficaram em contato com os discos por 24 h. Em seguida, as células foram tratadas com reagente MTT e reincubadas por 4 h. Após, 100 μL de álcool isopropílico foram usados para solubilizar o precipitado e permitir as leituras. As absorbâncias, 450nm (XTT) e 560nm (MTT), foram medidas com leitor de ELISA. A análise estatística foi feita com o teste Mann-Whitney (a0.05). Nas análises de XTT, C2 (0,582 ±0,041) reduziu a viabilidade celular (p0,0076) em relação a C1 (0,634 ±0,030). Nas análises de MTT, C1 (88% ±6,77) apresentou maior viabilidade celular (p0,0219) que C2 (70,6 ±7,67). Conclusão: C1 e C2 não foram tóxicos para NOK (viabilidade >50%) e C2 reduz a viabilidade de S. mutans.Palavras-chave: Compósitos. Viabilidade Celular. Antimicrobianos.
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Yoon, Sukhwan, Robert A. Sanford, and Frank E. Löffler. "Nitrite Control over Dissimilatory Nitrate/Nitrite Reduction Pathways in Shewanella loihica Strain PV-4." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 81, no. 10 (2015): 3510–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.00688-15.
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ABSTRACTShewanella loihicastrain PV-4 harbors both a functional denitrification (NO3−→N2) and a respiratory ammonification (NO3−→NH4+) pathway. Batch and chemostat experiments revealed that NO2−affects pathway selection and the formation of reduced products. Strain PV-4 cells grown with NO2−as the sole electron acceptor produced exclusively NH4+. With NO3−as the electron acceptor, denitrification predominated and N2O accounted for ∼90% of reduced products in the presence of acetylene. Chemostat experiments demonstrated that the NO2−:NO3−ratio affected the distribution of reduced products, and respiratory ammonification dominated at high NO2−:NO3−ratios, whereas low NO2−:NO3−ratios favored denitrification. The NO2−:NO3−ratios affectednirKtranscript abundance, a measure of denitrification activity, in the chemostat experiments, and cells grown at a NO2−:NO3−ratio of 3 had ∼37-fold fewernirKtranscripts per cell than cells grown with NO3−as the sole electron acceptor. In contrast, the transcription ofnrfA, implicated in NO2−-to-NH4+reduction, remained statistically unchanged under continuous cultivation conditions at NO2−:NO3−ratios below 3. At NO2−:NO3−ratios above 3, bothnirKandnrfAtranscript numbers decreased and the chemostat culture washed out, presumably due to NO2−toxicity. These findings implicate NO2−as a relevant modulator of NO3−fate inS. loihicastrain PV-4, and, by extension, suggest that NO2−is a relevant determinant for N retention (i.e., ammonification) versus N loss and greenhouse gas emission (i.e., denitrification).
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Shultz, P. J., M. A. Tayeh, M. A. Marletta, and L. Raij. "Synthesis and action of nitric oxide in rat glomerular mesangial cells." American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology 261, no. 4 (1991): F600—F606. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajprenal.1991.261.4.f600.
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Macrophages and certain tumor cell lines can be induced to synthesize nitric oxide (NO) from L-arginine after stimulation with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or cytokines. In the present study, we have found that culture medium collected after 24 h from unstimulated rat mesangial cells (MC) contains 6.3 +/- 1.2 microM of NO3-/NO2- (the degradation products of NO). These levels were significantly increased when MC were incubated with LPS (10 micrograms/ml) for 24 h (23.9 +/- 4.1, P less than 0.05). The specific inhibitor of NO synthesis, NG-monomethyl-L-arginine (L-NMMA) completely inhibited LPS-stimulated production of NO3-/NO2-, confirming that the NO3-/NO2- was derived from NO within the MC. Recent studies suggest that endothelium-derived relaxing factor (EDRF) produced by vascular endothelium is also NO, and we have previously shown that both EDRF and NO stimulate increases in MC guanosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (cGMP). Thus we sought to determine whether NO synthesized by the MC could affect cGMP levels within the same cells. After 24-h incubation with LPS (10 micrograms/ml), intracellular cGMP level within the MC was 706.3 +/- 197 (SE) compared with 40.5 +/- 7 fmol/micrograms protein in control MC incubated in media alone (P less than 0.01). The changes in cGMP in response to LPS were inhibited by greater than 90% by L-NMMA. Similar to LPS, incubation of MC with the cytokine gamma-interferon also increased NO3-/NO2- in the culture media and increased cGMP levels within MC. The induction of NO synthesis within MC and the concomitant stimulation of MC cGMP may be important in the modulation of the effects of endotoxemia, as well as inflammation, within the glomerulus.
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Muhyi, Muhammad, and Purbojati Purbojati. "PENGUATAN OLAHRAGA PENCAK SILAT SEBAGAI WARISAN BUDAYA NUSANTARA." Jurnal Budaya Nusantara 1, no. 2 (2014): 141–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.36456/b.nusantara.vol1.no2.a415.
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Sports martial arts (pencak silat) has grown and developed over the establishment of the Indonesian nation, even before Indonesia’s independence. It needs to be strengthened in order to continue to grow stronger in Indonesia. In order to realize it, the pillars of the national culture must be upheld which includes (1) construction of identity and character of the nation (2) Preservation of cultural heritage (3) development work / innovation and cultural diplomacy (4) institutional and human culture, and (5) facilities and infrastructure culture. To strengthen the construction of the five pillars of culture-related sports martial arts, the various concrete support pillars can help in any martial arts in the cultural heritage of the archipelago of Indonesia as well maintained. Keywords: sports martia arts, national culture, culural heritage.
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Oliveira, Luciana Xavier de. "Disputas ideológicas, cultura negra e jornalismo cultural." Novos Olhares 8, no. 1 (2019): 33–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.11606/issn.2238-7714.no.2019.150341.
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O Movimento Black Rio se consolidou como uma importante cena musical nos anos 1970 nos subúrbios do Rio de Janeiro, mobilizando um grande mercado consumidor formado especialmente por uma juventude negra. Os bailes de soul foram alvo de críticas veiculadas em órgãos da imprensa ligados tanto ao governo militar quanto a setores da esquerda. O objetivo deste artigo é discutir como o jornalismo cultural e a crítica musical carioca da época encaravam o fenômeno, apresentando uma reflexão sobre disputas em torno da defesa da tradição e autenticidade em oposição a discursos de modernidade e cooptação nas dinâmicas da cultura popular. Nesse sentido, esse artigo apresenta ainda interpretações possíveis sobre processos alternativos de identificação racial, consumo cultural e estratégias político-culturais desenvolvidas em consonância com uma produção afro-diaspórica global.
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Wiryokusumo, Iskandar. "KI HAJAR DEWANTARA, MENGURANGI PENGARUH BARAT SECARA KULTURAL." Jurnal Budaya Nusantara 1, no. 2 (2014): 121–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.36456/b.nusantara.vol1.no2.a412.
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The entry of Western values, among others through culture, has been known recently. Culturalvalues are mostly among others enter through technology and consumer goods as product of technology.One attempt tobalancevaluesof the West, which would be cultural values, performed byKi Hajar Dewantara, a National Cultural Educator once was. In an attempt balancing the effortsmade on the basis of Javanese culture is more family-oriented, independence, a sense of moralhigh priority and live in harmony with nature. Many of the teachings of Java is developed throughslogans and statements originating and noble values normative religious. So Western culture, suchas individualistic, rationalistic, and intellectualism can be compensated fairly and naturally.Keywords: Western values, Javanese culture, cultural values.
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Flier, Andrey Yakovlevich. "On culture and Cultural Studies: reflections of a scientist." Uchenyy Sovet (Academic Council), no. 12 (December 1, 2020): 40–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.33920/nik-02-2012-04.
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The article raises the problems of ontology and social essence of culture, its definition from the author's scientific point of view, features of modern culture, the place of art in culture, as well as the issues of general prospects of cultural science and education. The original author's definition of culture as a program of group adaptive behavior of people is given.
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Kurita, Hirofumi, Junichiro Miyamoto, Saki Miyachika, et al. "Production of Reactive Oxygen and Nitrogen Species in a Cell Culture Medium Exposed to an Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Jet." MRS Advances 2, no. 18 (2017): 987–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/adv.2017.34.
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ABSTRACTCold atmospheric pressure plasma has been intensively studied due to growing interest in biomedical applications. For example, it has been revealed that the plasma-irradiated cell culture medium (PAM: Plasma Activated Medium) shows antitumor effect as well as the direct plasma treatment. Long-lived reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS), such as hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), nitrite (NO2-), and nitrate (NO3-), are considered as a main product in PAM. Therefore, investigation of the production characteristics of RONS in PAM with different experimental parameters is important. Here, we focused on humidification of feed gas (argon or helium) and effect of gap between the nozzle of the plasma jet and liquid surface. As a result, H2O2 concentration was increased by humidification of both feed gases. However, the concentration of NO2- and NO3- was decreased by the humidification of helium. In addition, the remarkable effect of the humidification on H2O2 production was observed when the plasma jet was in contact with the liquid surface.
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Zavyalova, Nataliya Alekseevna. "The genesis of Japanese culture and the evolution of cultural forms. Identification of cultural and communicative formulas as a method of revealing the content of language and culture." Uchenyy Sovet (Academic Council), no. 12 (December 1, 2020): 67–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.33920/nik-02-2012-07.
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The author examines the genesis of Japanese culture on the example of cultural and communicative formulas (CCF), which are defined as the simplest, stable, high-frequency units of culture used at all levels of social and cultural life. The article demonstrates that CCF, being a combination of signs, compactly represent a culture in its similarity and difference with other cultures and allow establishing a dialogue of cultures with a minimum of attracted data; they provide communication through verbal forms of language, gestures, styles, etc. - through all cultural forms that can be translated into signs of this culture, sufficient to have a minimal idea of it. The article examines the CCF on the example of compressed verbal forms belonging to folk speech, which include proverbs and sayings, "winged words", precedent phrases that are part of the civilizational worldview. The article presents the material in the framework of the discipline "Culture of Japan".
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Petrova, S. "Analysis of the evolution of culture." Voprosy kul'turologii (Issues of Cultural Studies), no. 3 (March 1, 2020): 40–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.33920/nik-01-2003-07.
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The paper is devoted to the analysis of determinants and sources of culture. If earlier certain cultural values have not changed for many centuries, determining the existence of more than one generation, now several cultural eras alternate throughout one life. The transition to a post-industrial society leads to a transformation in the spiritual sphere and the emergence of mass culture. It is shown that the starting point for the philosophical reflection of mass culture should be beyond the consideration of this phenomenon only as a phenomenon of artistic life of "people of mass culture" and the definition of its conditionality from the development of culture of society as a whole.
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Rupp, Nicole, James Ameje, and Peter Breunig. "NEW STUDIES ON THE NOK CULTURE OF CENTRAL NIGERIA." Journal of African Archaeology 3, no. 2 (2005): 283–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.3213/1612-1651-10056.
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Handayani, Dian. "REPRESENTASI BUDAYA DALAM IKLAN." Jurnal Budaya Nusantara 3, no. 1 (2019): 12–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.36456/b.nusantara.vol3.no1.a2111.
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The purpose of this research is to understand the culture representation and the meaning ofBetawi dance and roller skate's version of Marjan advertising. This research used some theories,they are:Mass Communication, Advertising, Cultural Imagery, Semiotics, Culture Study, Semiologyby Roland Barthes. This research was analysed by Roland Barthles as denotation and connotationmeaning. This research showed that Marjan advertisement represented two cultures, they aretraditional culture through mask dance and modern culture trough roller skate's show. Thisadvertisement was successful to represent Betawi and modern culture through the show ofOndel-ondel who played the roller skates.
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Turbovskoy, Yakov Semenovich. "Philosophical and pedagogical understanding of the role and subject purpose of the Russian language as the fundamental basis of education." Uchenyy Sovet (Academic Council), no. 11 (November 1, 2020): 50–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.33920/nik-02-2011-07.
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The author shows that pedagogy as a science originated as an applied philosophy, and education was originally inherent in the human race as any living organism. At the same time, the science called Cultural Studies is fundamentally different. The article demonstrates that Cultural Studies actualize the knowledge about culture, which arose when the natural in man ceased to prevail and when it took awareness of all processes. That is when culture came into being. As soon as awareness passed through language and scientific awareness, it became necessary to monitor the transition from natural to social needs. This became the basis of Cultural Studies. The author shows the significance of language as a means of socialization and the role of language in religion, ideology, and culture.
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Liu, Fang Mei, Guo Chao Li, Tao Yang, and De Si Sun. "Effects of Liquid Carbon Source on the Biofilm Cultivation on Corncob Biocarriers." Applied Mechanics and Materials 587-589 (July 2014): 582–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.587-589.582.
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In this paper, effects of carbon source on the biofilm cultivation were investigated by adding or not adding liquid carbon source with corncob used as solid carbon source and biocarriers. By adding or not adding glucose in the culture solution, effects of carbon source on the biofilm cultivation were determined by measuring COD, NO3--N, NO2--N and pH of culture solution after reaction. Results showed that adding liquid carbon source was beneficial to forming the biofilm with good denitrification performance, however, not adding carbon source could only form biofilm with bad denitrification performance and denitrification reaction only proceeded to the step of NO2--N after reaction. Results indicated that it was necessary to add liquid carbon source for the forming biofilm with good denitrification performance on the surface of corncob biocarriers.
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Askanius, Tina. "“I just want to be the friendly face of national socialism”." Nordicom Review 42, s1 (2021): 17–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/nor-2021-0004.
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Abstract This article is based on a case study of the media narratives of the neo-Nazi organisation Nordic Resistance Movement (NRM) and situates this particular actor within the broader landscape of violent extremism in Sweden today. Drawing on a qualitative content analysis informed by narrative inquiry, I examine various cultural expressions of neo-Nazi ideology in NRM's extensive repertoire of online media. Theoretically, I turn to cultural perspectives on violent extremism to bring to centre stage the role of popular culture and entertainment in the construction of a meaningful narrative of community and belonging built around neo-Nazism in Sweden today. The analysis explores the convergence between different genres, styles, and content into new cultural expressions of national socialism which bleed into mainstream Internet culture and political discourse in new ways. In the online universe of NRM, the extreme blends with the mainstream, the mundane and ordinary with the spectacular and provocative, and the serious with the silly. In this manner, the analysis lays bare the strategies through which NRM seeks to soften, trivialise, and normalise neo-Nazi discourse using the power and appeal of culture and entertainment.
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Fedorenko, T. "Festivals and street theater as their integral part in aesthetic environment of modern culture of Europe and Russia." Voprosy kul'turologii (Issues of Cultural Studies), no. 6 (June 1, 2020): 22–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.33920/nik-01-2006-03.
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Ismoerdjahwati, Ika. "BUDAYA NUSANTARA MELALUI DAMAR KURUNG : Analisis Bahasa Rupa." Jurnal Budaya Nusantara 1, no. 1 (2014): 84–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.36456/b.nusantara.vol1.no1.a387.
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Culture is a culture of Nusantara Indonesian , which owns various cultures scattered throughout the islands , is highly variable and shifting orientation into the craft industry . In contemporary culture, the culture industry has experienced ‘ globalization. So some of the work of cultural products,which could not be untouched by globalization, becoming increasingly marginalized and not recognized, even then becoming more and more lost. Prior to all of that , then comes the initiativeto conduct a study of the works of cultural products fared thus , among others , lanterns Damarkurung of Gresik, by Masmundari (late) . Research using qualitative research paradigm constructivist.Through this research is expected to gain an understanding of the images contained on the rounded wall paper lanterns, its origin, its artists, and its supporting environment. The conclusionis, the pictures turned out to have the intent and purpose, as well as the old concept of how the reading of the temples in East Java, which is used to guide how to draw and how to tell the images that surround the lantern.
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Larsen, Håkon. "Public Service Broadcasting as an Object for Cultural Policy in Norway and Sweden." Nordicom Review 32, no. 2 (2011): 35–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/nor-2017-0111.
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Abstract The future of public service broadcasting (PSB), and its role for democracy and culture in an age of globalization and digitalization, is a disputed issue among communication scholars, journalists, the general public and politicians. The PSB institutions are dependent on political support for their survival, and they have to live up to cultural policy obligations. The focus of this analysis is on the rhetoric employed in the white papers on PSB and overall cultural policy, produced between 2005 and 2007 in Norway and Sweden. The analysis shows that both countries emphasize the need to secure an inclusive public sphere, a vivid democracy and a national culture. The rhetoric differs in the sense that the Norwegian focus is on PSB as a tool for achieving cultural policy goals, while the Swedish focus is more on why the idea of PSB is important in itself.
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Sarmento, João, and Marisa Ferreira. "Reconfiguring the public and the private: Noc-Noc arts festival, Guimarães, Portugal." European Urban and Regional Studies 24, no. 2 (2016): 193–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0969776416628595.
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In the past decades many cities have experienced growing pressure to produce and stage cultural events of different sorts to promote themselves and improve economic development. Culture-led development often relies on significant public investment and major private-sector sponsoring. In the context of strained public finances and profound economic crisis in European peripheral countries, local community low-budget events that manage to create significant fluxes of visitors and visibility assume a particular relevance. This paper looks at the four editions (2011–2014) of Noc-Noc, an arts festival organized by a local association in the city of Guimarães, Portugal, which is based on creating transient spaces of culture by transforming numerous homes, commercial outlets and other buildings into ephemeral convivial and playful ‘public’ environments. By interviewing a sample of people who have hosted (sometimes doubling as artists) these transitory art performances and exhibitions, artists and the events’ organizers and by experiencing the four editions of the event and engaging in multiple informal conversations with the public, this paper attempts to discuss how urban citizens may disrupt the cleavages between public and private space permitting various transgressions, and unsettling the hegemonic condition of the city council as the patron of the large majority of events.
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Kiseleva, Aleksandra Andreevna. "Research on the features of the application of digital technologies in modern culture." Uchenyy Sovet (Academic Council), no. 1 (January 1, 2021): 70–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.33920/nik-02-2101-08.
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The article shows that in the modern era, digital technologies penetrate all areas of material and spiritual culture, helping to preserve the cultural heritage for future generations. The prospects for the use of digital technologies in culture are very wide. This is primarily museum activity and digitization of cultural heritage, where the prospects for the use of digital technologies are mainly related to the phenomenon of information preservation. The problems that arise in this regard are demonstrated.
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Dokuchaev, I. "Myth about Tibet in Chinese exposition." Voprosy kul'turologii (Issues of Cultural Studies), no. 4 (April 1, 2020): 19–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.33920/nik-01-2004-03.
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The paper is sanctified to the analysis of cultural text of Tibet. Under cultural text is understood correlation of traditional presentations, or myths about what a culture of one or another country is for her external recipients, and real matter-position. A myth about Tibet contains the row of ideas about the wonderful place of force, giving possibility of brightening and finding of authentic life. He is caused to life by the unique geographical location of Tibet, his unusual history and his culture related to the special version of buddhism, interest in that today grows in the whole world. The real matter-position is in Tibet, however, appears very distant from that draws a myth. It is certain as complete destruction of the traditional Tibetan culture and substitution her modern version of the Chinese culture.
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Nussler, A. K., M. Di Silvio, T. R. Billiar, et al. "Stimulation of the nitric oxide synthase pathway in human hepatocytes by cytokines and endotoxin." Journal of Experimental Medicine 176, no. 1 (1992): 261–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1084/jem.176.1.261.
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Nitric oxide (NO) is a short-lived biologic mediator that is shown to be induced in various cell types and to cause many metabolic changes in target cells. Inhibition of tumor cell growth and antimicrobial activity has been attributed to the stimulation of the inducible type of the NO synthase (NOS). However, there is limited evidence for the existence of such inducible NOS in a human cell type. We show here the induction of NO biosynthesis in freshly isolated human hepatocytes (HC) after stimulation with interleukin 1, tumor necrosis factor (TNF), IFN-gamma, and endotoxin. Increased levels of nitrite (NO2-) and nitrate (NO3-) in culture supernatants were associated with NADPH-dependent NOS activity in the cell lysates. The production of NO2- and NO3- was inhibited by NG-monomethyl L-arginine and was associated with an increase in cyclic guanylate monophosphate release. The data presented here provide evidence for the existence of typical inducible NO biosynthesis in a human cell type.
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Oliveira, Ana Amélia Rodrigues de. "Popular Culture and Tourism: Ceará in the 1970s." Revista Rosa dos Ventos - Turismo e Hospitalidade 7, no. 1 (2015): 54–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.18226/21789061.v7iss1p54.
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Leite, Marcelo Henrique, Mauro Wilton de Sousa, and Rafael Pompéia Gioielli. "Práticas de recepção mediática: cultura da imagem e identidade cultural." Novos Olhares, no. 15 (December 11, 2012): 33. http://dx.doi.org/10.11606/issn.2238-7714.no.2005.51409.
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Mohamad Zaini Alif. "MAINAN SEBAGAI MEDIA TRANSFER NILAI-NILAI ETIKA DI MASYARAKAT BADUY DALAM." Jurnal Budaya Nusantara 3, no. 2 (2020): 126–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.36456/b.nusantara.vol3.no2.a2544.
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Baduy Dalam society is people who live in the area located in the Village of Kanekes, South Banten, Banten Province, Indonesia. In their daily activities there are children's activities called unknown play which they call pagawean barudak. The use of playing tools using materials, and methods that are within the scope of its culture, as a form of transfer of pikukuh values or ancestral teachings that contain customary rules in Baduy Dalam. The forms that exist in the pagawean barudak are a medium for transferring ethical values to the teaching of customs and culture. How communication play equipment is used, ways and systems that do it. their effectiveness in using media as a medium for teaching rules, prohibitions and values is their strength in their cultural system. play in the Baduy Dalam community as a scaffolding media that guides childhood by changing the level of teaching guidance and transfer of values. Pagawean barudak or playing in Baduy society emphasizes collaboration, harmony, social interaction, and socio-cultural activities, with the final point of achievement depending on which skills are considered important in that culture.
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Kukkonen, Karin. "Popular Cultural Memory." Nordicom Review 29, no. 2 (2008): 261–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/nor-2017-0190.
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Abstract Conventions of genres, types and icons of popular culture are the shared knowledge of media audiences. Becoming acquainted with them through the reception of media texts resembles a socialisation process in its own right: It constitutes a community of media readers. The context knowledge they share is their popular cultural memory. On the level of the individual reading process, this context knowledge then provides the necessary guiding lines for understanding the connotative dimensions of a popular media text. Popular cultural memory is a repository of conventions and imagery that are continually reconstructed in contemporary popular culture. Drawing on J. Assmann’s writings on the functions and processes of collective memory, the present article develops popular cultural memory as a concept to describe the workings of context knowledge for media texts, while taking into consideration both the macrolevel of audience communities and the microlevel of the individual reading process. The comics series Fables by Bill Willingham (NY: DC Comics Vertigo, 2003-) will provide the example through which the article explores the functions of popular cultural memory in media texts, which can take shapes as different as the identification of genre, the stabilisation of intertextual reference chains or the creation of round characters and complex reflexivity.
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Kvidal, Trine. "Tensions of Consumer Individualism." Nordicom Review 32, no. 2 (2011): 111–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/nor-2017-0116.
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Abstract Globalizing poses particular challenges to likhet – Norwegian conceptualizations of alikeness – and with it the Norwegian conceptualization of individualism, because globalizing advances a different conceptualization of equality than the one on which likhet is based. The present essay explores cultural identity negotiations within Norwegian globalized consumer culture and addresses culturally expressed aspects of globalization as they emerge in negotiations of local identities in cultural texts. TV commercials are analyzed via a critical cultural theoretical framework. Specifically, three patterns that speak to likhet as a site of tension in a globalized context are discussed: exoticization, utilization, and juxtaposition.
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Fernandes, Monique Carolina Nunes, Flávia Barbosa Silva Botelho, Kamila Rezende Dázio de Souza, Gabrielle Carvalho Pereira, Camila Soares Cardoso da Silva, and Douglas Goulart Castro. "ATIVIDADE DA ENZIMA NITRATO REDUTASE EM ARROZ DE TERRAS ALTAS SOB CONDIÇÕES DE ESTRESSE HÍDRICOS." Nativa 8, no. 4 (2020): 484–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.31413/nativa.v8i4.9707.
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A assimilação de nitrogênio é um processo vital que controla o crescimento e desenvolvimento da planta, garantindo bons níveis de produtividade de grãos. A enzima nitrato redutase (NR) catalisa o primeiro passo enzimático da assimilação de nitrogênio pelas plantas superiores por meio da redução do nitrato (NO3-) a nitrito (NO2-). Assim, objetivou-se estudar a atividade da enzima redutase do nitrato em genótipos de arroz de terras altas e correlacioná-la com os demais caracteres agronômicos. O experimento foi conduzido em dois ambientes distintos, com e sem irrigação suplementar. As análises de atividade enzimática foram realizadas em laboratório. Foram avaliados 20 genótipos de um experimento de VCU na safra 2014/2015. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos casualizados com três repetições. Foi obtida a quantidade de nitrito liberado pelos tecidos vegetais na solução de incubação (µmoles NO2- gmf -1 h-1) em sete coletas realizadas aos 7, 14, 21, 28, 45, 75 e 100 dias após emergência (DAE), sempre no período da manhã, em todas as parcelas. Diante dos resultados, observou-se que a atividade da enzima NR, na cultura do arroz, é dependente do genótipo, do período de desenvolvimento vegetal e das condições ambientais, sendo de maior expressão no início do ciclo da cultura e em ambientes sem a ocorrência de estresse hídrico. A atividade da enzima RN não deve ser utilizada isoladamente para seleção indireta no caráter produtividade na cultura do arroz de terras altas, é necessário avaliar outras características que complementem à seleção.Palavras-chave: Oryza sativa; nitrogênio; melhoramento de plantas; expressão enzimática. ACTIVITY OF THE NITRATE REDUCTASE ENZYME IN UPLAND RICE UNDER WATER STRESS CONDITIONS ABSTRACT:Nitrogen uptake is a vital process that controls plant growth and development, ensuring great grain yield levels. The enzyme nitrate reductase (NR) catalyzes the first enzymatic step of nitrogen uptake by higher plants by reducing nitrate (NO3-) to nitrite (NO2-). Thus, the objective was to study the activity of nitrate reductase enzyme in upland rice genotypes and to correlate it with other agronomic traits. The experiment was conducted in two distinct environments, with and without supplemental irrigation. The enzymatic activity assays were performed in the laboratory. Twenty genotypes of a VCU experiment in the 2014/2015 crop were evaluated. The experimental design was in randomized blocks with three replications. The amount of nitrite released by the plant tissues in the incubation solution (µmoles NO2-gmf -1 h-1) was obtained in seven collections performed at 7, 14, 21, 28, 45, 75 and 100 days after emergence (DAE). always in the mornings, in all installments. Given the results, it was observed that the activity of NR enzyme in rice culture is dependent on genotype, plant development period and environmental conditions, being more expressive at the beginning of the crop cycle and in environments without occurrence of water stress. The activity of the RN enzyme should not be used alone for indirect selection in the productivity character in the upland rice crop, it is necessary to evaluate other characteristics that complement the selection.Keywords: Oryza sativa; nitrogen; plant breeding; enzymatic expression.
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Abdul Aziz, Sohaimi. "Lapisan Budaya Keris Taming Sari dalam Hikayat Hang Tuah: Pendekatan Budaya dan Semiotik." Melayu: Jurnal Antarabangsa Dunia Melayu 13, no. 2 (2020): 319–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.37052/jm.13(2)no7.
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The Keris is a short-bladed dagger considered to be the traditional weapon of the Malays. The dagger known as “keris Taming Sari” is the weapon of Hang Tuah in Hikayat Hang Tuah. This keris is not only a traditional Malay weapon but also a symbol of Malay culture. However, there have not been any systematic studies about the keris Taming Sari. Based on the cultural studies of Edgar H. Schein, Taming Sari can be seen as a cultural organization with a layered structure. Each cultural layer has a specific meaning. The first layer is the artifact layer and the second layer is the value layer; both of these are obvious or explicit. However, the third layer is hidden or unseen. For this, it is necessary to use Roland Barthes’s semiotics approach. Two codes have been selected, namely the symbolic code and the cultural code, to interpret the meanings within this third layer. This study finds that in the first layer, keris Taming Sari has a form that consists of the hilt, sheath and blade. In the second layer, the usage value is evident, as keris Taming Sari is a weapon and a gift. By using the symbolic code, this third layer of Taming Sari reveals magical and miraculous values, while the cultural code reveals that the third layer indicates two underlying beliefs: animism and feudalism. The three cultural layers together give keris Taming Sari its own identity as a cultural artifact in Malay culture
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Dominica Diniafiat and Ambrosius M. Loho. "NILAI FILOSOFIS-KULTURAL MUSIK KOLINTANG." Jurnal Budaya Nusantara 3, no. 2 (2020): 99–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.36456/b.nusantara.vol3.no2.a2541.
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This paper departs from the fact that Indonesia is a cultural superpower. Because of this existence, it is necessary to put forward more intensely various efforts that are not just a tale that is known, but at the same time we try to see the depth of all the cultural richness that exists. The values of the culture need to be continually strived for, not only remembered, but known, and subsequently developed. Minahasa is an area that is an integral part of Indonesia. Minahasa also contains various kinds of cultural richness. And one of them is the traditional music art of Kolintang. Kolintang music is a typical Minahasan music that needs to be maintained and developed continuously to be recognized to all circles. However, the most important thing to know is the cultural values in the music, if it can be used as a model in living together. Cultural values are the key to learning in our lives. Therefore, we need to know those cultural values for a proper and deep understanding.
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Petrov, I. F. "Mass culture and its determinants." Voprosy kul'turologii (Issues of Cultural Studies), no. 7 (June 10, 2020): 28–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.33920/nik-01-2007-04.
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Methodological ambiguity of researchers' positions leads to the fact that mass culture is referred to different aspects of the phenomenon. In addition, it is rapidly transforming, acquiring new facets and properties within specific socio-cultural systems. The article shows that certain socio-cultural changes that occurred in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, led to the emergence of mass culture in Western civilization, as a result of the formation of mass and mass consciousness. Under the mass should be understood not only the degree of distribution of the product (a large number of something), and above all the focus on widespread consumption and low moral and aesthetic level of the product (including works of art).
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Flier, Andrey Yakovlevich. "Culture as the basis of identity." Uchenyy Sovet (Academic Council), no. 1 (January 1, 2021): 47–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.33920/nik-02-2101-06.
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The article shows that one important feature of culture is that it serves as the basis for self–identification of a person and society, i.e. determining their place in the world, their position among other communities, and for an individual - determining the social group with which they feel they belong to. The author demonstrates that in some cases such grounds are directly cultural, and in others – indirectly cultural, i.e. essentially different, but transformed in the human consciousness into cultural and ideological postulates.
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Kok On, Low, and Sim Chee Cheang. "Birth, Initiation and Death Elements in the Folk Narrative of the Tambunan Dusun of Sabah, Malaysia." Malay Literature 33, no. 2 (2020): 169–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.37052/ml33(2)no2.
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Rich in culture as reflected in their material culture, the Dusun ethnic group of Sabah (previously known as North Borneo) possess a wealth of folktales in the form of oral narratives that are rapidly fading along with the storytellers themselves. This research project has been initiated to reverse this threat towards the non-material folk culture by collecting and analyzing the folk narratives, popularly referred to as tangon among the Dusun ethnic group in the district of Tambunan, Sabah. This paper also hopes to demonstrate a method of interpretation that takes into consideration the social and cultural background of the respondents (storytellers) and the influences that affect the narrated tales. The method involved the collection of 20 tangon from 13 storytellers who are Dusun ethnic informants residing in Kampung Sunsuron, Tambunan. The analysis demonstrates an attempt to understand the Dusun ethnic group's perspective on the cycle of life, especially the elements of birth, initiation and death that are contained in their folk narratives. It is the objective of this paper to encourage a method of interpretation and collection that emphasizes on the storytellers' social and cultural background and the integral part played by them in the creation of their folk narratives.
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Zhang, Li, Xiao Min Hu, Bin Hui Jiang, and Yong Gang Huang. "Study on Active Recovery of Anaerobic Ammonia Oxidation and Start-Up of ASBR Reactor." Advanced Materials Research 726-731 (August 2013): 2291–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.726-731.2291.
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In order to prevent the loss of microbes, added anaerobic ammonia oxidation to (ASBR) reactor plus membrane as the growth of anaerobic ammonia oxidation bacteria carrier. After 30d cultivate, the activity of anammox bacteria restore to the original level, and improve TN volume load train anammox bacteria. The whole process of NH4+-N and NO2--N removal rate has remained at more than 90%.After the activity recovery of anammox NH4+-N, NO2--N the ratio of consumption to the NO3--N generation finally tends to a certain value (1. 00b 1. 30 b 0. 25).In the process of cultivate, the sludge was gradually changed from black to red brown color .Results show that the ASBR is well suited for anammox enrichment culture of bacteria.
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Galutsky, G. M. "Cultural diversity: individual behavioral stereotypes and sociocultural standards. Measuring the immeasurable." Voprosy kul'turologii (Issues of Cultural Studies), no. 3 (February 18, 2021): 191–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.33920/nik-01-2103-01.
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In December 2014, the Decree of the President of Russia approved the foundations of the state cultural policy, which set guidelines for the activities of the cultural subsystem of society for 15–20 years. A fundamental replacement of the paradigm of cultural policy is envisaged, which will be accompanied by a change of mythologies that have a significant impact on the formation of cultural policy instruments. For Russia, this is already the second attempt to carry out a sociocultural transformation through the controlled development of culture. The first was undertaken in the period from 1917 to 1991. The article attempts to analyze the key factors leading to the need to change the paradigm approach to cultural policy.
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Galutsky, G. M. "Cultural diversity: individual behavioral stereotypes and sociocultural standards. Measuring the immeasurable." Voprosy kul'turologii (Issues of Cultural Studies), no. 4 (March 18, 2021): 287–307. http://dx.doi.org/10.33920/nik-01-2104-01.
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In December 2014, the Decree of the President of Russia approved the foundations of the state cultural policy, which set guidelines for the activities of the cultural subsystem of society for 15–20 years. A fundamental replacement of the paradigm of cultural policy is envisaged, which will be accompanied by a change of mythologies that have a significant impact on the formation of cultural policy instruments. For Russia, this is already the second attempt to carry out a sociocultural transformation through the controlled development of culture. The first was undertaken in the period from 1917 to 1991. The article attempts to analyze the key factors leading to the need to change the paradigm approach to cultural policy.
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Jaakkola, Maarit. "Diversity through Dualism." Nordicom Review 34, s1 (2020): 89–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/nor-2013-0106.
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AbstractThis article examines the changes in cultural journalism in newspapers with regard to its dual field structure. The influence of media organizations’ policies on professionalist dualism is discussed based on the results of a quantitative content analysis over the period 1978–2008 and semi-structured theme interviews with the heads of the culture departments of major Finnish dailies. The results indicate that culture departments have developed their own news production, with increased managerial control and the strengthening of the journalistic paradigm, whereas opinionated journalism, including criticism, is increasingly outsourced. The culture departments thus aspire to sustain a balance between the professional paradigms related to field-hybridity, which creates a distinct structural formalism in this specialized type of journalism and makes its evolution over time relatively stable.
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Herdin Muhtarom. "Menelisik MENELISIK KEBUDAYAAN BANTEN MELALUI PEMANFAATAN MEDIA VIRTUAL." Jurnal Budaya Nusantara 4, no. 2 (2021): 217–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.36456/b.nusantara.vol4.no2.a3360.
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ABSTACT
 Indonesia has a variety of cultures that are formed from the diversity of ethnicities, languages, and races so that they have a value, characteristics and characteristics that are in accordance with the cultural origins of their respective regions or are often known as regional cultures. This study uses a type of literature study research in the process of obtaining information related to the research title. The purpose of this research is to find out about the process of investigating Banten culture through the use of virtual media in the digitalization era as a medium to preserve the philosophical values contained in the culture in the Banten area. Virtual media in the era of digitalization is very easy to access so that it can provide an understanding process related to a culture by using information and communication technology.
 
 Keyword: Indonesia, Culture, Virtual Media
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Zaffaroni, Adriana. "Prácticas culturales alternativas de un colectivo juvenil." Revista Temas Sociológicos, no. 15 (May 20, 2015): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.29344/07194145.15.270.
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Categoría: EstudioFecha de recepción: 20 de julio de 2011Fecha de aprobación: 27 de julio de 2011ResumenEste artículo aborda las prácticas sociales de los jóvenes desde el encuadre de la categoría jóvenes/juventudes, aunque cuestionándola como universal teórico acordado con la Red Nacional de Investigadores en Juventudes, en que no alcanzan los años de escolarización obligatoria y moratoria para participar de la condición juvenil. Esta comunicación tiene como objetivo analizar si pueden apreciarse prácticas de resistencia, oposición y líneas de fuga en el accionar juvenil a través del caso del Centro Cultural Rodante ALPARGATA que desarrolla sus actividades en diferentes barrios de la Ciudad de Salta y en municipios linderos tales como La Caldera y Vaqueros de la Provincia de Salta, Noroeste argentino (NOA).Palabras clave: Jóvenes, prácticas de resistencia y oposición, líneas de fuga, cultura alternativa.SummaryThis article approaches the social practices of the young persons from the setting of the category young women and men/ youths, though questioning it like universally theoretically agreeing with the Investigators’ National Network in Youths, in which they do not reach the years of obligatory education and moratorium to take part of the juvenile condition.This communication has as aim analyze if they can appreciate practices of resistance, opposition and lines of escape in to drive juvenile across the case of the Cultural Rolling Center ALPARGATA that develops his activities in different neighborhoods of the City of Salta and in such adjoining municipalities as La Caldera, Vaqueros of the Province of Salta, Argentine Northwest (NOA).Keywords: Young people, resistance and opposition practices, getaway lines, alternative culture.
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Zaffaroni, Adriana. "Prácticas culturales alternativas de un colectivo juvenil." Revista Temas Sociológicos, no. 15 (May 20, 2015): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.29344/07196458.15.270.
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Categoría: EstudioFecha de recepción: 20 de julio de 2011Fecha de aprobación: 27 de julio de 2011ResumenEste artículo aborda las prácticas sociales de los jóvenes desde el encuadre de la categoría jóvenes/juventudes, aunque cuestionándola como universal teórico acordado con la Red Nacional de Investigadores en Juventudes, en que no alcanzan los años de escolarización obligatoria y moratoria para participar de la condición juvenil. Esta comunicación tiene como objetivo analizar si pueden apreciarse prácticas de resistencia, oposición y líneas de fuga en el accionar juvenil a través del caso del Centro Cultural Rodante ALPARGATA que desarrolla sus actividades en diferentes barrios de la Ciudad de Salta y en municipios linderos tales como La Caldera y Vaqueros de la Provincia de Salta, Noroeste argentino (NOA).Palabras clave: Jóvenes, prácticas de resistencia y oposición, líneas de fuga, cultura alternativa.SummaryThis article approaches the social practices of the young persons from the setting of the category young women and men/ youths, though questioning it like universally theoretically agreeing with the Investigators’ National Network in Youths, in which they do not reach the years of obligatory education and moratorium to take part of the juvenile condition.This communication has as aim analyze if they can appreciate practices of resistance, opposition and lines of escape in to drive juvenile across the case of the Cultural Rolling Center ALPARGATA that develops his activities in different neighborhoods of the City of Salta and in such adjoining municipalities as La Caldera, Vaqueros of the Province of Salta, Argentine Northwest (NOA).Keywords: Young people, resistance and opposition practices, getaway lines, alternative culture.
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Kozyakova, Mariya Ivanovna. "The cultural code of Europe: Antiquity and its "eternal return"." Uchenyy Sovet (Academic Council), no. 1 (January 1, 2021): 42–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.33920/nik-02-2101-05.
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The author demonstrates that cultural level raising, socialization, and disclosure of personal qualities are included in the context of the tasks of almost all educational institutions. The humanitarian component, which develops the human capital of any society, its intellectual, spiritual and moral potential, is especially important. Education of a person and a citizen takes place through familiarity with culture and its history, since culture is a sphere that "grows and nourishes the individual" (P.A. Florenskiy). The future specialist needs to develop universal competencies that complement the complex of professional ones. In this regard, we can speak about the presence of non-core disciplines that provide the necessary cultural competence of the individual, as well as about obtaining professional humanitarian training.
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Kostina, Anna Vladimirovna. "Mass culture in modern society: a functional approach. Scientific and methodological materials on social philosophy." Uchenyy Sovet (Academic Council), no. 10 (October 1, 2020): 40–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.33920/nik-02-2010-05.
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At present, social philosophy is dominated by the view that the importance of mass culture is constantly decreasing, which soon is supposed to lead to the natural decay of this cultural form. The author refutes the arguments of those who are skeptical about the position of mass culture in the post-industrial and digital information society and shows that the functional nature of this type of culture allows it to successfully fulfill its role in modern social systems. The materials of the article can be useful in preparing courses in the framework of social philosophy.
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Wang, Ze Ya, Li Ping Qiu, Li Xin Zhang, and Jia Bin Wang. "Anaerobic Ammonia Oxidation in Start-Up of Bench Scale ASBR." Applied Mechanics and Materials 675-677 (October 2014): 633–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.675-677.633.
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A set of bench scale ASBR reactors with 0.5 L effective volume were carried out to culture anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria, while the anaerobic granular sludge was inoculated into these reactors as well as the operating temperature is 30±1°C, HRT is 72h and pH is approximate 7.8 in this experiment. After 60 days running, these reactors appeared anaerobic ammonia oxidation phenomenon. When the influent NH4+-N and NO2--N concentrations were approximately 50 mg/L and 70 mg/L, the NH4+-N, NO2--N and TN removal were 80%, 90% and 70%, respectively, the ratio of the NH4+-N and NO2--N removal and NO3--N production is approximately 1:1.5:0.25, close to the theoretical valve of 1:1.32:0.26 and that mainly accord with the chemical equilibrium of anaerobic ammonia oxidation mode. Furthermore, when the phenomenon of anaerobic ammonia oxidation appeared, effluent pH value was slightly higher than influent and the sludge become red.
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Chizhik, Anna Vladimirovna. "Social myth-making in the space of mass culture." Uchenyy Sovet (Academic Council), no. 11 (November 1, 2020): 44–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.33920/nik-02-2011-06.
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Studying the characteristic features of the modern socio-cultural space, which are largely determined by archaic phenomena, we can identify the following signs of the modern stage of its development associated with the mythological space: anonymization of culture, derationalization of consciousness and centrist socio-cultural orientations. The materials of the article may be of interest as a scientific and methodological material in the fields of Advertising and Public Relations.
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Kostina, Anna Vladimirovna. "Methodology of humanitarian knowledge. Mass culture: adaptive and socializing potential." Uchenyy Sovet (Academic Council), no. 11 (November 1, 2020): 36–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.33920/nik-02-2011-05.
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The author proves that despite the generally accepted point of view regarding the negative functions performed by mass culture in society, i.e., first of all, simplifying consciousness, escapist, and compensatory one, there is a number of positive functions performed by mass culture in modern society. Among them, the author highlights the ability of mass culture to construct social communities and the adaptive function that becomes necessary within the framework of non-traditional — industrial, post-industrial, and informational social structures. The material of the article may be of interest as a specific methodology for the study of socio-cultural phenomena.
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Khloponina, Olga Olegovna. ""Women's issue" in Russia in the context of the methodology of social construction of gender." Uchenyy Sovet (Academic Council), no. 12 (December 1, 2020): 47–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.33920/nik-02-2012-05.
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The article demonstrates that the gender approach is one of the important components of the methodology of socio-cultural dynamics, which allows analyzing cultural processes and mechanisms from the point of view of male and female constructs and their hierarchy in culture and society. The materials of the article can be used as a basis for building a methodology for gender research both in final qualification papers and in theses for the degree of PhD Candidate.
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Bambaranda, B. V. A. S. Manori, Takuji W. Tsusaka, Anong Chirapart, Krishna R. Salin, and Nophea Sasaki. "Capacity of Caulerpa lentillifera in the Removal of Fish Culture Effluent in a Recirculating Aquaculture System." Processes 7, no. 7 (2019): 440. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr7070440.
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Aquaculture is one of the fastest growing food producing industries in the world. Aquaculture effluent contains high concentrations of inorganic nutrients. Reduction of these inorganic nutrients in aquaculture effluent is crucial for fulfilling the effluent standards or reuse of aquaculture effluent. This study investigated the effective use of green macroalga Caulerpa lentillifera as a bioremediatory species for nutrient removal from aquaculture effluent by conducting an on-station experiment and measurements. The effluent of a fish culture unit was circulated through a macroalgal culture unit every four days for a total of 60 days, allowing 15 circulations. Concentrations of inorganic nutrients (NO2−-N, NO3−-N, NH3-N, and PO43−) were measured in the integrated system consisting of a fish unit, settling unit, macroalgal unit and extra tank for water circulation in triplicates. Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that the application of the bioremediation system led to a significant reduction in nutrient concentrations within one day, and slightly further in the following two days. On average over the 15 circulations, the first one day of application decreased the concentrations of NO2−-N, NO3−-N, NH3-N, and PO43− by 0.247 mg/L, 81.6 mg/L, 0.682 mg/L, and 0.352 mg/L, respectively. Furthermore, the C:N ratio of macroalgae decreased during the 60-day application period, providing evidence of the nutrient uptake by macroalgae. Based on the European Union (EU) standard and quality criteria of France and the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee (JFWEC), the macroalgae grown in the integrated system were at the safe level for human consumption in terms of contents of Cd, Pb, and As. The results of our study imply that recirculating aquaculture systems utilizing C. lentillifera for biofiltration have the potential for effective treatment of aquaculture effluent integrating fish and macroalgae production.
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Kostina, A. V. "Culture as a factor of national security." Voprosy kul'turologii (Issues of Cultural Studies), no. 6 (June 1, 2020): 82–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.33920/nik-01-2006-10.
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The paper shows that the provision on the system-forming role of culture in society is one of the main ideas that for a number of years have been postulated and argued by participants in the International Likhachev Scientific Readings, organized annually at the St. Petersburg Humanitarian University of Trade Unions. This idea of culture defines virtually the entire problem field of these conferences, being directly correlated with the problems of dialogue of cultures, cultural identity, sociocultural dynamics in its linear evolutionary and nonlinearly critical manifestations of global crises. Such culture-centrism seems to be not only true in essence, but extremely fruitful as a line of research.
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Aida, Tokujiro, Shyuichi Hata, and Haruo Kusunoki. "Temporary low oxygen conditions for the formation of nitrate reductase and nitrous oxide reductase by denitrifying Pseudomonas sp. G59." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 32, no. 7 (1986): 543–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/m86-101.
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Formation of nitrate reductase (NaR) and nitrous oxide reductase (N2OR) by a Pseudomonas sp. G59 did not occur in aerobic or anaerobic conditions, but was observed in a microaerobic incubation in which an anaerobically grown culture was agitated in a sealed vessel initially containing 20 kPa oxygen in the headspace. During the microaerobic incubation, the oxygen concentration in the headspace decreased and dissolved oxygen reached 0.1–0.2 kPa. NaR activity was detected immediately and N2OR activity after 3 h of incubation irrespective of the presence or absence of NO3− or N2O. In the presence of NO3−, NO2− was accumulated as a major product, but N2O was observed in low concentrations only after N2OR appeared. After microaerobic incubation for 3 h, N2OR formation continued even anaerobically in an atmosphere of N2O. In contrast, Escherichia coli formed NaR not only microaerobically but also anaerobically. However, NaR formation by E. coli was inhibited by sodium fluoride under anaerobic, but not under microaerobic conditions. The Pseudomonas culture did not possess fermentative activity. It is suggested that the dependence on microaerobiosis for the formation of these reductases by the Pseudomonas culture was due to an inability to produce energy anaerobically until these anaerobic respiratory enzymes were formed.
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Velizarov, S., J. G. Crespo, and M. A. Reis. "Removal of nitrate from water in a novel ion exchange membrane bioreactor." Water Supply 2, no. 2 (2002): 161–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2002.0059.
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Biological denitrification in a novel ion exchange membrane reactor (IEMB) has been investigated. The polluted water was separated from the mixed denitrifying culture by a non-porous, mono-anion permselective membrane providing continuous exchange of nitrate for chloride added as a counter-ion to the biocompartment. A removal efficiency of 87% and a surface removal rate of about 1,400 mg NO3- m-2h-1 was achieved at a nitrate concentration of 150 mg NO3- L-1. The treated water stream was essentially free of ethanol, used as a carbon source, and NO2- ions whereas the original water conductivity was completely preserved due to very efficient Donnan exclusion of the cations present in the two solutions from the membrane used. The IEMB process showed higher removal efficiency and better nitrate selectivity compared to a Donnan dialysis process operated under similar conditions.