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Duarte, Rafael Clever Gomes. "Cultural Issues: A Barrier to the Development of E-Business Activities in Brazil." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2004. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1102516550.
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Black, Amelia Kathleen. "Language Translation for Mental Health Materials: A Comparison of Current Back-Translation and Skopostheorie-Based Methods." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2018. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/6720.
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As mental health professionals seek to disseminate information in many languages in order to meet the needs of an increasingly diverse population, it is important to consider the methods of written translation that the field is choosing to employ. The method chosen for translation can affect the accuracy and usability of the translated text. This study begins with a survey of current literature, the results of which suggest that the most popular translation method in the mental health field is back-translation, a translation method based in the premise that translating a text back into its original English after it has been translated into a second language provides an accurate indication of the success of the translation. This study then compares back-translation with an alternative translation approach based in skopostheorie, an area of translation theory that asserts that translational activity should be ultimately grounded in the purpose of the translation rather than the objective equivalency of the source and target texts. Each of the two approaches is applied separately in the translation of the Centers for Disease Control's handout, "Helping Parents Cope with Disaster," into Spanish and Chinese. The two resulting target texts for each language are compared in terms of linguistic equivalence by review committees and compared in terms of usability by individuals from the target audiences. Feedback from reviewers and audience members in both languages suggest that the skopostheorie based approach to translation may facilitate higher quality translation than back-translation in terms of both equivalence and usability. Suggestions for mental health professionals engaging in translation are then offered, as well as directions for future research.
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Kruckenberg, Lori. "The Absence of Transmission. Symptoms of a Musical-Cultural Reception Barrier between the West- and East Frankish Regions." Bärenreiter Verlag, 2012. https://slub.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A71891.
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Andreozzi, Michele. "Seismic protection of buildings of historical/cultural interest through the use of vibrating barriers." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2019.
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Recent earthquake events pointed out the problematic of protecting existing buildings from the catastrophic effects of earthquakes. The current strategies for vibration are successfully employed in the design of new structures; on the other hand, they are rarely used for protecting existing buildings, because they generally require substantial alteration of the original structure. In this thesis, a novel device called vibrating barrier, (ViBa), is implemented for the seismic protection of an historical building: the Bell Tower of the Messina Cathedral. This device is able to reduce the dynamic response of a target building without being physically connected to it. The dynamic behaviour of the system has been studied through the construction of a detailed FE Model that allowed to derive the response of the structure and to study the existing influences between the buildings and the effect of the soil. Hence, a simplified mathematical model has been constructed, and the pertinent parameters have been computed by the employment of an Identification Process. Moreover, the mechanical parameters of the ViBa have been derived through an Optimization Process in order to reduce a selected response parameter of the bell tower, under an input ground motion modelled as Gaussian Stochastic Process compatible with the Messina response spectrum. Hence, parametric analyses have been carried out in order to investigate the influence of the mass of the device on the efficiency. Spectrum-compatible artificial accelerograms have been generated and a significant average reduction of the maximum displacements of 25% has been achieved, together with a decrease of 40% of the shear forces in the bell tower. Due to large masses involved, alternative solutions have been proposed against the problems related to a real-life implementation of the device, and the beneficial effects given by the coupling of the ViBa with a set of mechanical inerters have been demonstrated.
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Li, Zhen. "Chinese International Students Attending American Universities: How Can We Help You? A Qualitative Study on Chinese International Students' Acculturation Experiences." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2016. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/5872.
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Given the increasing number of Chinese international students attending American universities, an important study would be to consider problems arising during these students' initial transition period, as they acculturate into the American culture and educational system. Taking this information into account, university counseling centers, campus services, and those who interact with and support these students would be better able to assist in easing the initial and ongoing stress of living in a foreign country and adapting to a new way of life. Thirteen Chinese international students participated in qualitative interviews conducted in Mandarin Chinese, each participant's native language. Each participant was born and raised in mainland China, had never travelled to the US before studying abroad, had no direct family relative in the US, and had studied at a university in the US for more than two years. In order to gain a better understanding of Chinese international students' initial transition to live and study in the US, a qualitative research design was utilized. This study used a collaborative hermeneutic approach to obtain a valid and common understanding of the meaning of each transcribed interview. Data analysis followed the hermeneutic circle, which emphasizes that the meaning of the text can be better understood through reading individual parts and comparing meanings of parts and whole. These study used a team to analyze data, thus avoiding the narrow reliance on individual interpretations. Based on their personal perspectives, participants reported their experiences encountered during their initial transition into the US. More specifically, information shared during individual interviews with Chinese international students indicated specific experiences in regard to their initial and ongoing adjustment to the U.S. environment, including how they made sense of their experiences and how their ways of thinking and behaving changed as a result of being influenced by their experiences interfacing with U.S. culture. Participants also shared their strategies they perceived as helpful in specific situations. Based on an analysis of participants interviews, themes that arose from the interviews included (a) difficulties and challenges they faced as new immigrants; (b) differences they encountered in respect to their homeland and the new environment, including language/communication, culture, academic study and learning, living in the US, and psychological adjustments; (c) positive growth they acknowledged from facing challenges and adapting to their new environment; and (d) acknowledging the need to accept help and how to more proactively seek and receive help as needed. Implications for more actively assisting and including Chinese international students are discussed.
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Brockhill, Aneta. "How does the analysis of structural violence help to explain the persistence of the Israel-Palestine conflict? : a case study of the barrier." Thesis, University of Plymouth, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/9289.
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The Israel-Palestine conflict constitutes one of the longest standing conflicts in modern times. Its continuation has often been attributed to the very nature of the conflict: two peoples pursuing an incompatible goal-ownership of the same piece of land. Violence has constituted a characteristic feature of this struggle, widely employed by the two peoples. The analysis of violence, however, has often been limited to acts of direct and physical violence that can be attributed to an individual subject. This thesis investigates violence in the conflict going beyond this traditional conceptualisation of violence. It employs Johan Galtung’s conceptual and theoretical framework, in which he identifies three types of violence: direct, structural and cultural. This thesis argues that all three types of violence are symbiotic in nature. The underlying assumption in this thesis is simple: violence breeds violence. Thus, in order to understand the persistence of the conflict, it is essential to analyse all three types of violence. The thesis proposes the hypothesis that the continuing failure to address all forms of violence, as well as omitting or minimising the importance of any of them, prevents the possibility of resolving the conflict, and thus has contributed to the protraction of the conflict. In order to examine this assumption empirically, the thesis investigates the violence in the conflict, concentrating on the Israeli barrier. The study poses two central research questions. The first asks what led to the construction of the barrier. The second asks why the barrier remains, and the Israeli occupation continues. The answers to the research questions and the account of violence have been the subjects of two contrasting narratives: Israeli and Palestinian. In order to provide both Israeli and Palestinian contributions to these questions, the thesis is divided into two accounts: Palestinian narrative and Israeli narrative. The empirical analysis of violence in the conflict, embedded in the theoretical framework of Galtung's conceptualisation of violence, and divided into the two narratives, reveals a complex cycle of violence in the conflict. It demonstrates the interconnection between the three types of violence and shows the impact of the violence on the intractability of the Israel-Palestine conflict.
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Lourenço, Aliny Cristina. "A Folia de Reis de São José do Barreiro: recurso cultural brasileiro." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/93/93131/tde-24042015-151959/.
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A Folia de Reis é uma festa popular presente em várias regiões do Brasil desde a época da colonização brasileira, com variações regionais e transformando-se através dos tempos. Esta pesquisa investigou a ocorrência desse recurso cultural em São José do Barreiro, cidade do interior paulista, onde ela acontece há mais de 90 anos, sem interrupções. Inserida no contexto da religiosidade popular brasileira, esta manifestação cultural traz em seu seio as várias características do povo brasileiro, expressas em seus diversos símbolos e nas relações entre devotos-foliões e comunidade. Recebendo diversas influências ao longo dos anos e recriando-se constantemente, não perdeu seu sentido principal, a de manifestar a sua fé através de rituais que incluem diversas expressões (musicais, dramáticas e plásticas), constituindo-se, assim, um importante recurso cultural que deve ser salvaguardado, não só pelos órgãos governamentais, mas também pela comunidade local, verdadeira detentora do saber e da qual depende a efetiva prática da transmissão para as futuras gerações. Neste trabalho foi realizada uma pesquisa bibliográfica exploratória, buscando-se um referencial teórico para a compreensão e elucidação dos fatos sem desprezar o registro da memória coletiva obtida através de entrevistas abertas realizadas com os detentores da festa.The Folia de Reis is a popular festival present in many regions of Brazil since the time of colonization of Brazil, with regional variations and turning through the ages. This research investigated the occurrence of this cultural resource in São José do Barreiro city in São Paulo state, where it happens for more than 90 years without interruption. Set in the context of Brazilian popular religiosity, this cultural event brings in its bosom the various features of the Brazilian people, expressed in its various symbols and relationships between devotees, revelers, and community. Receiving various influences over the years and constantly re-inventing itself, has not lost its primary sense, to express their faith through rituals that include various expressions (musical, dramatic and plastic), thus constituting an important cultural resource that must be protected, not only by government, but also by the local community, which holds true of knowledge and of which depends on the effective practice of transmission to future generations. In this paper an exploratory literature search was conducted, seeking a theoretical framework for understanding and elucidating the facts without neglecting the record of collective memory obtained through open interviews with the holders of the party.
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Ali, Amina, and Samira Osman. "Utmaningar i vården : En litteraturstudie om sjuksköterskans upplevel." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Institutionen för Vårdvetenskap, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-20050.
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Att Sverige idag är ett mångkulturellt samhälle återspeglas i dagens sjukvård. Sjuksköterskor möter idag patienter med invandrarbakgrund och kan därmed uppleva svårigheter att förstå dessa patienters behov på grund av språkhinder och/eller kulturella skillnader. Syftet med studien var att beskriva sjuksköterskans upplevelser i mötet med patienter med invandrarbakgrund. Vi använde oss av en litteraturstudie där 11 kvalitativa vetenskapliga artiklar granskats och analyserats enligt Evans (2003) modell. Analysen resulterade i följande fem teman; Språkbarriär – ett hinder för god omvårdnad, Tolkens för - och nackdelar, Anhöriga - på gott och ont, Att uppleva bristfällig kulturkompetens, Upplevelsen av både positiva och negativa fördomar och förutfattade meningar. I diskussionen lyfter författarna fram samtliga teman för att de är av betydelse för sjuksköterskan i mötet med patienter med invandrarbakgrund. Sjuksköterskorna i dem studerade artiklarna upplevde frustration och missnöje eftersom de inte kunde tillgodose en god omvårdnad till patienter med invandrarbakgrund.Program: Sjuksköterskeutbildning
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Roy, Travis. "Student Perceptions & The Value of Studying Abroad : A Look at Michigan State University Undergraduate Business Students." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för pedagogik och didaktik, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-104896.
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The multitude of existing research conducted within the field of study abroad programs generally reinforces the popular understanding that the practice not only broadens the mind, provides valuable experiences and enhances stagnating perspectives, but also contributes to a skillset that is becoming increasingly necessary for success in the globally focused world of today. Despite the evidence supporting their effectiveness, relatively few undergraduate students in the United States choose to participate in some form of study abroad program. The following analysis will examine the potential reasoning of why this is so. Through the administration of questionnaires and interviews along with a comprehensive review of existing research, the following pages examine the attitudes and inhibitions of undergraduate university students as they relate to studying abroad and to what extent these perceptions fall in line with the escalating importance of multicultural competence. Used as an exemplifying case of American undergraduate students, Michigan State University’s Eli Broad College of Business furnished the sample of participants used in this study. Largely supported through the data obtained from the conducted interviews, undergraduate students are seen to place a high value on the personal and cultural benefits acquired through study abroad participation while relegating academic focus to a somewhat tangential position. Factors such as a student’s previous international travel experience and awareness of available programs are seen to influence these perceptions to some degree. Despite the significant value placed on such programs, a large percentage of students express concern over a variety of barriers prohibiting them from pursuing enrollment. The financial commitments associated with the participation in a study abroad program were almost unanimously considered to be a serious burden on individuals. These concerns were supplemented and at times exacerbated by other factors such as a student’s availability of time, willingness to suspend important personal relationships and needed class credit. Covered in detail below, these findings are seen to support and corroborate much of the existing research that has been previously conducted within this field while providing additional insight by way of student testimony.
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Billore, Gautam, and Borg Jakob Engkvist. "Cultural entry barriers for SMEs : An exploratory study of cultural entry barriers for foreign SMEs entering Japan." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för marknadsföring (MF), 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-35076.
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Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to study the cultural barriers faced by Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in entering Japanese market and to see how the successful companies have overcome the barriers. Design/methodology/approach: An exploratory case study with qualitative research through semi-structured interviews (telephonic and Skype) with foreign SMEs in Japan. 17 interviews could be conducted in 12 companies out of 76 companies contacted. Theoretical framework: The theoretical framework encompasses barriers studied by Namiki (1998) for classification of the entry barriers and applied the same on SMEs. The cultural aspect has been deployed in accordance to theory of House et al. (2004), Trompenaars & Hampden-Turner (2012) and on the cultural dimensional framework of Hofstede et al. (2010). It further includes language in intercultural communication and barriers related to it. Findings: The study identifies that the business culture perceived by foreign SMEs in Japan is almost similar to the national culture identified by Hofstede et al. (2010), but only three out of five cultural dimensions studied and the language have emerged as barriers for the foreign SMEs to do business in Japan. It was also found that to adapt to the Japanese business culture in general, engage in business relationship and to use senior bi-lingual Japanese staff, was keys to success for the foreign SMEs. Managerial implications: It is recommended that managers should study previous literature on cultural barriers as it most likely also applies to SMEs. It is also recommended to use Japanese bi-lingual staff and to establish relationships with Japanese companies as soon as possible. Limitations: The study was conducted with interviews of only twelve SMEs in Japan. The study was confined to qualitative method and a quantitative study with larger number of companies could have fetched more quantifiable results. Originality/value: This paper is one of the first to analyse the cultural barriers exclusively for the foreign SMEs in Japan with interviewing firms doing business in Japan. Keywords: Entry barriers, cultural barriers, SMEs, Japan market. Classification: Exploratory, qualitative study.
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Ngum, Awasom fru. "Cultural Barriers in Healthcare Delivery from the Perspective of Patients." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för folkhälso- och vårdvetenskap, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-442091.
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Background Many patients especially from minority backgrounds are typically faced with cultural barriers during health care encounters and this hinders the delivery of culturally competent healthcare. This study seeks to understand how cultural barriers faced by patients are crucial in attaining the delivery of culturally competent healthcare. Aims The aim of this study is to examine cultural barriers in the delivery of healthcare services from the patient’s perspective. Method The method is a literature review based on qualitative primary research. Ten articles were selected from the CINAHL, PUBMED and Google scholar databases. All articles selected were published between 2010 and 2020. The quality of the articles used were assessed using a review template for qualitative studies. Data was analysed using the literature review matrix method. Results The results suggest that four main cultural barriers from the perspectives of patients impacted healthcare delivery. These cultural barriers included the following; communication problems arising during verbal and nonverbal interactions, mistrust and discrimination arising as a result of previous contact with the health care system, socio-economic status and finally low propensity to seek healthcare. Conclusion To conclude it is evident that patients face a plethora of cultural barriers during their interactions with health care services and their experiences can be shaped by a number of variables and factors. These cultural challenges hinder accessibility to proper health care services might lead to inequality in the provision of health care services.Bakgrund Många patienter, särskilt de med minoritetsbakgrund, står vanligtvis inför kulturella barriärer när de blir bemötta av hälso-och sjukvårdspersonal. Detta hindrar utformandet av kulturellt kompetent vård. Studien syftar till att förstå hur kulturella barriärer som patienter står inför är avgörande för att uppnå kulturellt kompetent omvårdnad. Mål Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka kulturella barriärer vid leverans av vårdtjänster ur patientens perspektiv. Metod Metoden är en litteraturstudie baserad på kvalitativ primär forskning.Tio artiklar valdes från databaserna CINAHL, PUBMED och Google. Alla utvalda artiklar är publicerade mellan 2010 och 2020. Kvaliteten på de artiklar som valdes är granskade med hjälp av en granskningsmall för kvalitativa studier. Data analyserades med hjälp av litteraturgranskning enligt en matrismetod. Resultat Analysen och resultaten från studien tyder på att fyra huvudsakliga kulturella barrier ur patientens perspektiv hade avgörande inverkan på bemötandet inom vården. Dessa kulturella barriärer inkluderade följande; kommunikationsproblem som uppstår under verbala och icke-verbala interaktionen, misstro och diskriminering till följd av tidigare kontakt med hälso- och sjukvården, socioekonomisk status och slutligen låg benägenhet att söka vård som är vanligt för människor med samma kulturella bakgrund. Slutsats Avslutningsvis är det uppenbart att patienter möter kulturella barriärer under sin interaktion med vården och deras erfarenheter kan formas av ett antal variabler och faktorer. Dessa kulturella utmaningar hindrar adekvat tillgång till hälso sjukvård och kan leda till ojämlikhet i tillgången till hälso- och sjukvårdstjänster.
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Brita, Öhman, and Rydén Carolin. "Språk- och kulturella barriärer i mötet mellan dietist och patient : En kvalitativ studie ur ett dietistperspektiv." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för kostvetenskap, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-95933.
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Bakgrund: I Sverige ökar immigrationen för varje år; därmed söker sig fler individer som härstammar från andra länder och kulturer till den svenska sjukvården. Sverige har lagstiftat att hälso- och sjukvårdspersonal skall ge varje individ likvärdig sjukvård.Kommunikation utgör en viktig del i kontakten mellan patient och hälso- och sjukvårdspersonal. Språk- och kulturella barriärer kan leda till bristande sjukvård för patienten. Detta medför att sjukvårdspersonal kan uppleva att de gör ett sämre jobb vilket kan leda till frustration. Syfte: Syftet med studien var att belysa och utforska dietisters upplevelser av språk- och kulturella barriärer vid mötet med patienter med annat modersmål än svenska. Metod: Utifrån en kvalitativ forskningsmetod intervjuades sex kliniska dietister. Vid intervjuerna användes en semistrukturerad frågeguide. Intervjuerna spelades in och transkriberades ordagrant. Därefter analyserades datat med kvalitativ innehållsanalys. Resultat: För att kunna ge patienterna en god sjukvård krävdes kreativa tillvägagångssätt för att överbrygga språk- och kulturella barriärer. Informanterna beskrev användning av tolk som ett av de viktigaste hjälpmedlen för att öka den språkliga kommunikationen i mötet med patienten. Det fanns dock aspekter som tydde på att en tolk som inte genomförde sitt arbete professionellt var ett problem som kundepåverka mötet negativt då kontakten med patienten påverkades. Informanterna ansåg att kommunikationssvårigheter kunde leda till bristande behandling vilket i sin tur kunde leda till en känsla av misslyckande och frustration hos informanten. Slutsats: Språk- och kulturella barriärer kan vara ett hinder för att kunna ge patienten den vård dietisten önskar. Trots kreativa lösningar samt användning av tolk finns en risk att kvalitén på sjukvården inte når upp till den nivå lagstiftningen kräver. I samband med en ökad immigration bör rutiner och utbildning kring språk- och kulturella barriärer ses över.Background: Each year the immigration increases in Sweden, as an effect of that, more individuals from other countries and cultures seek help from the healthcare system. The Swedish law states that healthcare providers have an obligation to give each individual equal care. Because communication is a big part of the meeting between the caregiver and the patient, the language and cultural barriers could lead to a lack of care. This also means that healthcare providers may experience a sense of frustration. Objective: The aim of the study was to elucidate and explore clinical dietitians’ experiences of language and cultural barriers during the meeting with patients with a first language other than Swedish. Method: Based on a qualitative research method six clinical dietitians were interviewed. During the interviews a semi-structured interview guide was used. The interviews were recorded and transcribed verbatim. The data was analyzed withqualitative content analysis. Results: In order to give patients good care the dietitians had to use creative approaches to overcome language and cultural barriers. The interpreter was seen as one of the most important instrument during the meeting with the patient, but an interpreter who did not carry out their work in a good way could affect the meeting negatively. The informants felt that communication difficulties could lead to unsuccessful treatmentwhen the message did not reach the patients. This led to a sense of failure and frustration among the informants. Conclusions: Language and cultural barriers can be an obstacle in order to give the patient the care the dietitian wishes. Despite creative solutions and the use of an interpreter there is a risk that the quality of care does not reach the demands according to the Swedish legislation. In conjunction with increased immigration, procedures and education on language and cultural barriers should be reviewed.
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Gonçalves, Maria Inês Duque Regueira. "Re ativar o Barreiro." Master's thesis, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Arquitetura, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/19123.
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Dissertação de Mestrado Integrado em Arquitetura, com a especialização em Arquitetura apresentada na Faculdade de Arquitetura da Universidade de Lisboa para obtenção do grau de Mestre.No presente Projeto de Mestrado Integrado em Arquitetura, com o tema - (Re)ativar o Barreiro: híbrido como catalisador da regeneração urbana, edifíco multiusos com um programa de caráter cultural e cívico - desenvolve-se uma investigação teórica das temáticas associadas à conceção de um edifício híbrido, bem como as suas características e influência no desenho de cidade. Posteriormente é feita uma análise da área de intervenção, situada no Barreiro, que possibilita a aplicação dos conceitos num projeto prático. A revitalização da cidade fragmentada e desconexa, a falta de atividade pública, o abandono, e a necessidade de crescimento socioeconómico estão na base da teorização do conceito híbrido, que responde também à necessidade de um edifício que permita agregar diversas componentes programáticas segundo um eixo de ligação entre duas infraestruturas de transporte: a estação Ferroviária e Fluvial. O projeto integra o plano urbano para a cidade do Barreiro, inicialmente desenvolvido na cadeira de Laboratório de Projeto VI, sendo o motor que estimula a estratégia de revitalização para a área de intervenção. Materializa-se numa parcela de um edifício híbrido, que permite uma ligação física entre novas estações, articulando fluxos e vivências. O edifício faz uma ponte entre realidades territoriais e sociais opostas na cidade, através do programa desenvolvido segundo um contexto cultural e um conjunto de espaços públicos qualificados que integram uma estratégia de projeto inclusiva.
ABSTRACT: At the present work, - (Re)activate Barreiro city - hybrid as a catalyzer of urban regeneration, multi functional building with a program of cultural and civic character - is developed a theoretical investigation about the themes that are associated with the conception of a hybrid building, as well as their characteristics and influence on urban design. Thereafter, it is presented a study of the intervention area, in which is based the application of the developed concepts into a project. The revitalization of the disconnected and fragmented city, the lack of public activity, the emptiness, and the need for a social and economic growth, led to a theorizing of the hybrid building concept, that also respond to the request for a building that can aggregated several program components along a center line that connects the two stations: the train station and the river station. The project integrates the urban plan for Barreiro city, initially developed at the laboratory project class, as the engine stimulating the strategy for the revitalization of the intervention area. The project is a parcel of a hybrid building that allows a physical connection between the new stations, while articulating people gravitation and activities. The building creates a bridge between two opposite social and territorial realities in the city, using a program developed on a cultural context, as well as a set of public spaces that integrate an inclusive project strategy.
N/A
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Winchell, Karen. "Selected cultural barriers of teaching English in China." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1988. http://www.tren.com.
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Polasek, Staci Nichole. "Medical Interpreters: Bridging Language Barriers as Cultural Advocates." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/297743.
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In this thesis I take an anthropological approach to examining the doctor-patient relationship and how barriers to this relationship, such as language or cultural differences, effect medical treatment. This literature review analyzes questions such as: What are the roles of medical interpreters, how can medical interpreters act as advocates for the patients, and how do they affect the trust in the doctor5patient relationship? I examine the impacts on trust of cultural differences, language barriers, and use of Medical Interpreters within the doctor-patient relationship. By better understanding the doctor-patient relationship from an anthropological perspective, I will answer questions that show how doctors and patients can establish trust, overcome language barriers, and have higher cultural competency. These answers will aid in closing the gaps between doctors and patients and renew a stronger-trusting relationship. The use of Medical Interpreters is the key to improving the relationship and overall health of limited English speaking patients.
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CERON, MENDIETA EDDIE MONSERRAT. "DE DOS A TRES CAIDAS: LA LUCHA LIBRE COMO SIMBOLO DE RESISTENCIA CULTURAL EN MEXICO." Tesis de Licenciatura, UNIVERSIDAD AUTONOMA DEL ESTADO DE MEXICO, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11799/104681.
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Hablar de cultura popular mexicana es aludir a la
cultura social por excelencia, a esa instancia que remite al hombre a un
ámbito de pertenencia, a un entorno y a un grupo específico. Es referirse a
una cultura que es popular en la medida en que se transmite una particular
visión del mundo, resultado de una voluntad colectiva, una tradición
dinámica, y en tanto cumple con una necesidad de recreación, de transfiguración
de ese mundo, de una sensibilidad estética.
Resulta importante destacar que las culturas populares son más
que un simple espectáculo de entretenimiento o de expresión artística
indígena, pues se trata de fuerzas creativas que pueden ayudar a crecer
a un país que aun lucha por forjar su propia identidad.
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Mansilla, Vanessa. "Centro cultural comunitario en Barrios Altos." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/622047.
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El proyecto se emplaza en Barrios altos, en El Centro histórico de Lima.
Nace al ver la necesidad de recuperar esta zona de gran valor histórico (declarada patrimonio de la humanidad en 1992), arquitectónico (alberga más de 1000 monumentos), cultural y económico; abandonada y en proceso de desaparición (taza poblacional -1,07%) por culpa de problemas sociales como la delincuencia, drogas y prostitución.
Con el proyecto planteado se busca cambiar la situación actual de la zona generando un impacto positivo económico y social revaluando la zona y recuperándola.The project take place in Barrios Altos, the historical Lima center. The project started from the need of recover this area with enormous architectural, cultural and economic value (declared a world heritage site by Unesco in 1992), area that nowadays is abandoned and in a process of gradual disappearance (population index -1,07%) because of social problems including organized crimes, drug trafficking and prostitution. The project aims to contribute to change the actual situation of the area generating a positive impact in economics and social development and looking up for the architectural area recovery.
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Lindgren, Ida. "Towards the mitigation of cultural barriers to communication and cooperation." Licentiate thesis, Linköping University, Linköping University, Department of Management and Engineering, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-10433.
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This thesis combines theories from cross-cultural psychology with literature on group faultlines to understand cultural barriers to communication and cooperation experienced in multinational emergency management teams. The aim is to investigate whether the faultline concept is a viable theoretical vocabulary for addressing cultural differences in communication and cooperation (in the domain of emergency management). Culture is defined as a relatively organized system of shared meanings which influences people’s cognition, values, behaviors, and so on. Group faultlines are hypothetical dividing lines that may split a team into homogeneous subgroups based on demographic characteristics. Three papers are included in the thesis, all of which investigate various aspects of group behavior in relation to emergency management. Results suggest that faultlines can be formed not only by demographic characteristics, but also by culturally-driven behavior. The results presented in the papers and in this thesis are meant to supply emergency management personnel with general knowledge of cultural differences and ideas for future ‘cultural awareness’ training. The thesis contributes to the scientific community by taking cross-cultural research into the applied domain so that its findings can be made relevant to people in multinational organizations.
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Wineman, Patrick L. "Technical benefits and cultural barriers of networked Autonomous Undersea Vehicles." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/79538.
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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Engineering Systems Division, 2013.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 44-45).
The research presented in this thesis examines the technical benefits to using a collaborative network of Autonomous Undersea Vehicles (AUVs) in place of individual vehicles. Benefits could be achieved in the areas of reduced power consumption, improved positional information and improved acoustic communication bandwidth. However, current culture of AUV development may impede this approach. The thesis uses the Object Process Methodology (OPM) and principles of System Architecture to trace the value of an AUV system from the scientist who benefits from the data to the vehicle itself. Sections 3 and 4 outline the needs for an AUV system as they currently exist and describe the key physics-based limitations of operations. Section 5 takes a broader look at the system goal as data delivery, not just the deployment of a vehicle, and introduces the concept of networked AUV. Section 6 describes a potential evolution of networked AUVs in increasing autonomy and collaboration. Finally, Section 7 examines AUV development cultures that could impede, or foster, networked vehicles.
by Patrick L. Wineman.
S.M.
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Padilla, Emily Lopez. "The role of intercultural communication sensitivity in overcoming cultural barriers." Scholarly Commons, 2007. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/662.
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Pongsriwat, Alisa, and Wissawa Aunyawong. "Cross Institutional and Cultural Barriers : The Opportunity of Thai entrepreneurs in doing business in Sweden - Case study of Restaurant business." Thesis, Mälardalen University, School of Sustainable Development of Society and Technology, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-10059.
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Seminar Date: 28th May, 2010 Level: Master Thesis – EFO705 Program: MIMA – International Business and Entrepreneurship Authors: Alisa Pongsriwat & Wissawa Aunyawong Title: Cross Institutional and Cultural Barriers: The opportunity of Thai entrepreneurs in doing business in Sweden - Case study of Restaurant business Tutor: Sune Tjernström Background: Doing Thai Restaurant in Sweden seems to be opportunity of Thai entrepreneurs as there are potential trend leading to business success and many advantages supporting investment. However, cross institutional and cultural barriers can cause business failure. Research Problem:´How can Thai entrepreneur overcome the cross institutional and cultural barriers for successfully running restaurant business in Sweden to beat in Swedish market? Purpose: Our purpose is to understand and explain the cross cultural barriers in doing Thai restaurant business in Sweden in the context of cultures embedded in both Thailand and Sweden. The foundation of our research is based on the case study of Thai food restaurants in Sweden. Method: Our research is mainly based on qualitative research using the case study and the secondary information gathered during the research. We have also taken into account some primary information by conducting three semi-structured interviews from the Thai owners of Thai restaurants in different locations in Sweden. All the information collected during the course of our research has been analyzed and has finally led us to a conclusion. Conclusion: After the analysis of outcomes, both from the interviews and the secondary information conducted, we concluded that Thai entrepreneurs need to strictly follow the laws and regulations of Sweden because they cannot be changed. They also need to adapt some norms and cultures but not too much in order to maintain Thai uniqueness as competitive advantage in Swedish market. We have recommended that Thai entrepreneurs should recognize the key characteristics between Thai and Swede as the key successful business. Contribution: Our research will give the useful information and practical recommendations in the future to the Thai entrepreneurs in Thailand, who are interesting in doing business in Sweden in order to seeking new opportunity.
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Park, Mi Sook. "Managing Competence Development Programs in a Cross-Cultural Organisation : What are the barriers and enablers?" Licentiate thesis, Linköping University, Linköping University, EISLAB - Economic Information Systems, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-7570.
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During the past decade, research on competence development and cross-cultural organisation has been acknowledged both in academic circles and by industrial organisations. Cross-cultural organisations that have emerged through globalisation are a manifestation of the growing economic interdependence among countries. In cross-cultural organisations, competence development has become an essential strategic tool for taking advantage of the synergy effects of globalisation. The objective of this thesis is to examine how competence development programs are conducted and to identify barriers and enablers for the success of such programs, especially in a cross-cultural organisation.
To identify the processes involved in managing competence development programs in a cross-cultural organisation, a case study method was chosen. A total of 43 interviews and 33 surveys were held with participants, facilitators and managers in competence development programs at four units of IKEA Trading Southeast Asia located in Thailand, Vietnam, Malaysia and Indonesia, respectively. In addition to the observations made on these four competence development programs, a study of the literature in related research areas was conducted. The interviews were held and the survey data collected in 2003 and 2004.
In the findings, the barriers identified were cultural differences, assumptions, language, and mistrust; the enablers were cultural diversity, motivation, management commitment, and communication. The conclusions are that competence development is a strategic tool for cross-cultural organisations and that it is extremely important to identify barriers to, and enablers of, successful competence development, and to eliminate the barriers and support the enablers right from the early stages of competence development programs.
Report Code: LIU-TEK-LIC-2006:44
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Parisé, Nicole. "Breaking cultural barriers to health care : the voice of the deaf." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape9/PQDD_0023/MQ50852.pdf.
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Rowell, Bethany. "Nursing Students' Interest in and Perceived Barriers to International Clinical Experience." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2016. https://dc.etsu.edu/honors/317.
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East Tennessee State University has a variety of international travel opportunities for general education within its undergraduate study abroad program. Some opportunities even exist within specific degree programs. Despite the literature purporting the benefits acquired from clinical experience abroad, the College of Nursing has yet to incorporate an international component to its BSN curriculum. This study explores College of Nursing students' interest in participating in international clinical experiences and the perceived barriers for students who are willing to travel.
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Basáez, Márquez Ricardo Adrián. "El municipio como alero de la gestión cultural barrial : una mirada a la gestión cultural municipal de La Florida." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2014. http://www.repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/116830.
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Magíster en gestión culturalEl presente informe de investigación está organizado en cuatro partes. Una primera parte, introductoria, con su respectiva pregunta de investigación, hipótesis y objetivos del estudio. Una segunda parte con una reflexión acerca de temas relacionados con la gestión cultural, para enmarcar teóricamente la investigación, a la luz de los autores consultados con este propósito. Una tercera parte contiene el análisis de la información recopilada a través de la opinión de cinco sujetos considerados clave por su calidad de funcionarios en la Municipalidad de La Florida. El informe continúa con las conclusiones, y a modo de sugerencia un plan de gestión cultural municipal acorde a las reflexiones surgidas y manifestadas en el presente estudio. La bibliografía y un apartado de anexos con copias de documentos de interés para esta tesis, cierran este trabajo sobre la gestión cultural centrada en un municipio.
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Liu, Yuan, and Li You. "Cross-cultural management in international construction projects : Case study of China Machinery Industry Construction Group Inc." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Avdelningen för ekonomi, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-17231.
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ABSTRACT Title: Cross-cultural management in international construction projects: Case study of China Machinery Industry Construction Group Inc. Level: Final assignment for Master Degree in Business Administration Author: Yuan Liu, You Li Supervisor: Aihie Osarenkhoe Examinor: Maria Fregidon-Malama Date: 2014.04.18 Aim : This study presents the characteristic and current status of the international construction projects, and figure out which barriers caused by cross-cultural differences the multinational corporations and enterprise would face, as well as the solutions for these barriers. Method: This study was carried out by using a qualitative and quantitative research method. We gathered relevant information by conducting questionnaire to Chinese employees working in Congo, Rep and interviews which include four managers of China Machinery Industry Construction Group Inc (CMICGI). By comparing the literature review and finding, we find barriers caused by cross cultural differences and relevant solutions. Result & Conclusions : Through the literature review associating with the analysis of the questionnaire and interview, we find out that there are nine barriers in the project, the reason why they appeared and how them influence the projects. We also find solutions to solve the barriers. Suggestions for future research: This study restricted to geographical and time, it only included one company and one country. More cases can be concluded in future research. Contributions for the study: The study results show how barrier case of cross-cultural different impact in international construction project. We also - 3 - contribute the evaluation for each barrier. Cultural differences between multinational trading are frequently neglected by firms but have a significant impact. Our research can help more companies to find some problems which they usually ignored. KEYWORDS — Cross-cultural management, Barriers, Cross-cultural difference, International construction projects, Identification, Evaluation
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Pacey, H. A. "The benefits and barriers to GIS for Māori." Lincoln University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10182/655.
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A Geographic Information System visually communicates both spatial and temporal analyses and has been available for at least twenty years in New Zealand. Using a Kaupapa Māori Research framework, this research investigates the benefits and barriers for Māori if they were to adopt GIS to assist their development outcomes. Internationally, indigenous peoples who have adopted GIS have reported they have derived significant cultural development benefits, including the preservation and continuity of traditional knowledge and culture. As Māori development continues to expand in an increasing array of corporate, scientific, management and cultural arenas, the level of intensity required to keep abreast of developments has also expanded. GIS has been used by some roopū to assist their contemporary Māori development opportunities; has been suggested as a cost effective method for spatial research for Waitangi Tribunal claims; has supported and facilitated complex textual and oral evidence, and has also been used to assist negotiation and empowerment at both central and local government level. While many successful uses are attributed to GIS projects, there are also precautionary calls made from practitioners regarding the obstacles they have encountered. Overall, whilst traditional knowledge and contemporary technology has been beneficially fused together, in some instances hidden or unforeseen consequences have impeded or imperilled seamless uptake of this new technology. Challenges to the establishment of a GIS range from the theoretical (mapping cultural heritage) to the practical (access to data) to the pragmatic (costs and resources). The multiple issues inherent in mapping cultural heritage, indigenous cartography and, in particular, the current lack of intellectual property rights protection measures, are also potential barriers to successful, long-term integration of GIS into the tribal development matrix. The key impediments to GIS establishment identified by surveyed roopū were lack of information and human resources, and prioritisation over more critical factors affecting tangata whenua. Respondents also indicated they would utilise GIS if the infrastructure was in place and the cost of establishment decreased. Given the large amount of resources to be invested into GIS, and the opportunity to establish safe practices to ensure continuity of the GIS, it is prudent to make informed decisions prior to investment. As an applied piece of Kaupapa Māori research, a tangible outcome in the form of an establishment Guide is presented. Written in a deliberately novice-friendly manner, the Guide traverses fundamental issues surrounding the establishment of a GIS including investment costs and establishment processes.
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Alleyne, Lisa Anthony. "Cultural perceptions related to the health and body size of Antiguan women." Thesis, This resource online, 1995. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-07112009-040537/.
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Figueroa, Lizana Loreto Andrea. "Emergencia de la industria creativa en barrios de Santiago." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2011. http://www.repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/101337.
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El proyecto de investigación tiene el propósito de examinar la cultura del Diseño en Chile, desde una revisión histórica y actual de la disciplina como es el ejercicio de economía local en barrios de Santiago (Bellas Artes e Italia). El contexto social, académico, político y profesional del área ha cambiado durante los últimos años, por lo cual una investigación dedicada a profundizar los tópicos direccionales del Diseño en Chile, aportará a la comunidad involucrada una reflexión necesaria para aumentar la extensión en el país y la forma de afrontar el emergente desarrollo de la Industria Creativa.
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Holloway, Isaac Robert. "Implications of barriers to trade for exports of cultural goods and services." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/41914.
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This dissertation contains three studies. Chapter 2 studies the effect of product quality on foreign entry using data on U.S. movie exports and direct and revealed measures of movie quality. In the model, fixed costs of entry mean only the more appealing movies will find it profitable to enter each country. Empirically, a one-standard-deviation increase in quality increases the probability of entry by 25-50%. Movies in culturally-laden genres are less likely to enter foreign markets and their probability of entry is more sensitive to quality. I exploit differences in the propensity to import different genre types to estimate a measure of cultural distance between countries. The cultural distance measure enters a gravity equation of merchandise trade significantly. Chapter 3 investigates the international diffusion of a new product. Products traditionally enter foreign markets sequentially. This paper proposes that part of the explanation is that firms want to learn about their products’ appeal before incurring the fixed costs of entry. Each successive release serves to update the firm’s expectations for future performance---and thus their decision to enter more markets. On a sample of U.S. movies, I find that a one-standard-deviation increase in the update, based on the previous round’s box-office "surprise", is associated with a 25% increase in the probability of entry to a typical potential destination in the current round. Chapter 4 investigates Canada's interprovincial and international trade in services. While modern technology has allowed for long-distance service provision, regulatory non-tariff barriers may constitute substantial hurdles for further trade liberalization. This chapter describes three exercises contributing to the analysis of Canadian service trade. Using a theoretically-motivated framework, I estimate provincial and national border effects, and track the effect over time that distance has had on international trade.
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Hand, Kayla. "Overcoming Rural Cultural Barriers to Service Delivery: The Perspective of Informal Caregivers." OpenSIUC, 2010. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/dissertations/220.
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It is well documented in the caregiving literature that caregivers do not utilize services that may aid in their ability to provide care and help maintain their own well-being. There have been several barriers identified that may deter caregivers from seeking services, especially in rural areas. However, there is less known about how caregivers work to overcome those barriers. The purpose of this study was to increase understanding about how rural caregivers overcome barriers to service utilization. The research was designed to be exploratory, rather than of a confirmatory nature. It is hoped that having rural caregivers identify ways to overcome the barriers themselves will ultimately be more meaningful as their suggestions might then be used to change how services market and deliver services to rural caregivers. This study was a qualitative investigation of what rural caregivers identify as barriers to seeking services and how to overcome those barriers. Eight rural caregivers were interviewed over the phone. Through the interview process, caregivers identified barriers and shared their personal experiences of how to overcome barriers or offered suggestion about how others may overcome barriers. Grounded theory (Strauss & Corbin, 1998; Corbin & Strauss, 2008) was used to analyze the qualitative data. The core phenomenon of this study, often referred to as a storyline, revolved around the concept of caregivers not seeing a need for services. Caregivers' cultural beliefs of staying independent and taking care of others because it is their familial responsibility were prevalent throughout the interviews. The findings from this study ultimately illustrate how caregivers do not seek services because they do not see a need to or chose not to need services. Although barriers to service utilization have previously been identified in the caregiving literature, the greatest barrier for each of the caregivers in this study was their inability to see a need for help or services. This emerged as a higher-order barrier. Although caregivers were able to offer suggestions to overcome some of the other barriers, none were able to offer suggestions on how to help caregivers perceive a need as they themselves had attitudes and/or beliefs that contributed to their not believing they needed services. Awareness of this higher-order barrier or core belief may translate into agencies and services changing the way they market to rural caregivers.
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Migliore, Joseph Anthony. "The Cultural Barriers to Integration of Second Generation Muslims in Northern Italy." PDXScholar, 2011. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/231.
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In this study, I examine the existing literature and carry out a qualitative exploration in order to formulate a better understanding of the dynamics that influence the lives of 2nd generation Italian Muslims. Although monumental social and political challenges remain in confronting integration of the Muslim population and for achieving greater acceptance of Islam within the Italian public sphere, the evidence suggests that the process for integration has slowly begun. Additionally, this study examines the intellectual framework of the existing literature which addresses the issues impacting Muslim integration in Northern Italy. This issue has induced new debates within Italy on multiculturalism, national identity, human rights, while more importantly raising the question--"to what extent do we allow Muslim integration into Italian society and the further insertion of Islam into Italy's spiritual geography?" This study argues that the convergence of contemporary international affairs with religion calls for a new lens for interaction. In Italy the events following 9/11, combined with a resurgence of Islamophobia and the impact of the Global War on Terror, have drawn the issue of Muslim immigrants into a negative spotlight. Mainstream attitudes in Europe, following 9/11, have generated a rift in Muslim-West relations and have caused confusion and anxiety among Muslims and non-Muslims alike. The research hypothesis for this thesis suggests that there are multiple factors impeding the efforts for Muslims to achieve equal footing within the Italian religious landscape and inclusion within Italian society. Among these are divisions found within the Muslim community itself, a growing mistrust of Islam in mainstream Italian society, sponsored by negative media stereotyping and xenophobic political movements, and underlying everything else, the privileged position of the Catholic Church and its unwillingness to accommodate Islamic identity within the social framework. The chosen methodology employed in this study is qualitative, theoretical contextual analysis combined with interviews plus questionnaires used to construct a case study were applied. Beyond engaging in seven interviews with the 2nd generation Italian Muslims, this study was informed by the relevant academic literature from the fields of conflict resolution, history, sociology, cultural studies, Islamic studies and political science. Finally this study contextualized the dynamics generating this conflict and examined the discontinuities this situation has created in the lives of Muslims in Italy. The exclusion of the Muslim population, coupled with the complex relationship between this cultural group and state, has led to the exploration within Italy of different models for integration. The findings of this study indicate that inequalities exist for the Muslim population of Northern Italy in their relation with the host nation and society. This further hampers the process of integration and generates further exclusion. Only profound rethinking of the Italian approach to integration will serve to adequately meet the needs of this marginalized population and fully incorporate them within Italian society.
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Al-Jalahma, Rashed. "Impact of organization culture on TQM implementation barriers." Thesis, Brunel University, 2012. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/8554.
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This study examines the relationship between organisational culture and TQM implementation barriers to gain a more comprehensive understanding of the factors affecting TQM implementation. For TQM implementation to take root effectively, the critical role of organisational culture is widely recognised. The existence of pitfalls and obstacles (barriers) to implementing TQM is also widely recognized, as is the importance of understanding these TQM implementation barriers. Nevertheless, whilst many TQM implementation models and frameworks have been designed and proposed, no study has been located in the literature that has systematically examined the relationship between organisational culture and TQM implementation barriers. This theoretical lapse in the TQM literature necessitates an investigation of the direction and significance of the relationship which can help in devising more informed TQM implementation models. In this context, a quantitative research methodology was adopted to examine the profiles of organisational culture and of TQM implementation barriers in organisations in Bahrain and to examine the relationship between these variables. Bahrain is presently going through a rapid expansion in quality management system adoption. Accordingly, the research uses four constructs of organisational culture as independent variables and six constructs of TQM implementation barriers identified through the literature as dependent variables. A set of hypotheses was developed describing the expected relationships between these two sets of variables. The study adopted a positivist, deductive approach using an online survey questionnaire to obtain quantitative data for hypothesis testing. The research instrument was assessed for validity and reliability through structured interviews. Responses to the survey were obtained from 325 organisations located in Bahrain. Analysis of Moment Structure (AMOS) version 16.0 was used to test the measurement model using Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA), and to test the structural model using Structural Equation Modelling (SEM). Both models showed a very good fit to the data, with good construct validity and reliability. The findings of the study showed that group culture, which is believed to be an ‘ideal’ culture for TQM implementation helps decrease employee barriers, information barriers and customer related barriers as predicted. However group culture wasn’t found to help decrease top management barriers. Rational culture was found to decrease top management barriers as predicted but it wasn’t found to help decrease employee and customer barriers. The findings confirm the significant impact of hierarchical culture in the Bahrain context in decreasing planning and process management barriers. Developmental culture’s potential to lower employee and customer barriers was observed but was not found to be statistically significant. This research makes several contributions in both academic and practical terms. Theoretically, positioning organisational culture as an antecedent of TQM implementation barriers, this study is the first holistic approach that attempts to empirically investigate which type of organisational culture is related to which TQM implementation barriers. Understanding the nature, strength and direction of these relationships can help to inform and support future TQM implementation attempts. Practically, this research will benefit organisations who have not been able to fully realise TQM, or who are in the process of planning the introduction of TQM. The findings of the study can help Bahraini organisations to realise the long term quality objectives of the Bahrain Centre of Excellence’s Vision 2030 programme. Furthermore, the study has contributed a new empirically tested scale for measuring TQM implementation barriers - a valuable tool on its own, or in conjunction with the organisational culture profile assessment tool - for both practitioners wishing to examine their readiness for TQM or progress in creating a TQM ethos, and for future researchers wishing to extend our understanding of the influence of TQM barriers and/or culture on major organisational improvement interventions. It is expected that replication of this study in other countries and regions with different culture and context may help in developing an improved model of TQM implementation. Implications for managers and future research are advanced.
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Hennawi, Samar. "The Role of Religion in Mitigating Cancer Disparities Among Black Americans." Scholar Commons, 2016. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/6512.
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The long history of racism has created cultural barriers that prevent some Black Americans from seeking cancer treatment. Fatalism, physician mistrust, low levels of social support and self-efficacy, are the most cited cultural barriers in the literature. Black Americans’ religious beliefs and church involvement have historically helped them in their struggle against racism. A quantitative and a qualitative comparison studies examine the role of Black cancer survivors’ religious beliefs in their fight against cancer. The quantitative comparison study finds no difference in the cultural attitudes between Black and White cancer survivors. However, the qualitative comparison study between the same two racial groups finds Black survivors’ religion reduced their fatalism and increased their levels of physician trust, social support, and self-efficacy. The research concludes that Black Americans’ religion can mitigate cultural barriers that prevent some Black Americans from seeking cancer treatment.
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Zerega, T. María Constanza. "Estación cultural Sacramentos : regeneración urbana de barrios en áreas centrales." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2012. http://www.repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/112627.
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ArquitectoEl problema arquitectónico que fundamenta el proyecto es la situación actual del barrio San Diego y cómo enfrentar el cambio en el sector, contribuyendo a la regeneración urbana del lugar. El objetivo del proyecto es contribuir con la regeneración urbana del sector a través de la configuración de la manzana y guiar el diseño a futuro del sector.
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Wilder, Sarah Marie. "Assessing Cultural Boundaries and Barriers to HIV/AIDS Prevention in Sub-Saharan Africa." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/297804.
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The Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), the cause of Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS), is a chronic and progressive disease that is easily transmitted but also easily prevented. The best practice for HIV prevention among women of childbearing age in Tanzania proposed in this paper is based on the current evidence-based strategies being implemented by the World Health Organization, the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS), and the government of the United Republic of Tanzania. The best practice proposed is focused on increasing knowledge, increasing access, and decreasing discrimination through community involvement. An implementation pilot based on the best practice program proposed for a rural community is presented. By increase both access and knowledge, there can be a decrease in HIV transmission for women of childbearing age.
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Haddadin, Khalaf Hanna. "Cultural and institutional barriers to the take-up of construction management in Jordan." Thesis, University of Westminster, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.433835.
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Schachner, Samuel K. "Clinical and Cultural Barriers to Psychological Help Seeking in African American college students." Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2008. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/3559.
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Counseling PsychologyPh.D.
This study evaluated clinical and cultural barriers to help seeking to identify which factor best predicted African American undergraduate student initial attitudes towards seeking professional psychological help (ATSPPH-short form). Predictor variables included anticipated utility, emotional openness, cultural mistrust, racial identity development, and stigma. Moderator variables controlled for prior counseling, gender and site. This study built upon prior research by evaluating clinical and cultural factors together and utilizing an information processing model to conceptualize data (Vogel et al., 2006). The focus on African American undergraduate students was based on retention problems for this population (American Council on Education, 2006) and underutilization of counseling by this population despite evidence of links between counseling & college persistence (Alford, 2000; Hamilton, 2006; Kearney, Draper & Barron, 2005; Trippi & Cheatham, 1991; & Wilson, Mason & Ewing, 1997). Sixty seven students from two Northeastern US colleges were surveyed. Direct correlation analysis found nine significant relationships with ATSPPH. Controlled for prior counseling use, anticipated benefit (r = .423, p=.001), Emotional Openness (r = .330, p=.010), and an Assimilationist Ideology of Racial Identity (r = .296, p=.022) were correlated with ATSPPH. Stepwise Multiple Regression found four significant predictors of attitudes, anticipated benefit (F=15.062, p<.001), Private Regard subscale of Racial Identity Development (F=13.845, p<.001), Prior Counseling (F=11.791, p<.001), and Emotional Openness (F=10.485, p<.001). Predictors appeared to match each level of the information processing model, suggesting a complex decision making process. Future research might repeat the model with greater or different populations.
Temple University--Theses
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Paoli, Roberto. "Cell culture interfaces for different organ-on-chip applications: from photolithography to rapid-prototyping techniques with sensor embedding." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/668376.
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Despite the last 60 years have seen major advances in many scientific and technological inputs of drug Research and Development, the number of new molecules hitting the market per billion US dollars of R&D spending has been declined steadily during the same period. The current scenario highlights the need for new research tools to enable reduce costly animal and clinical trials while providing a better prediction about drug efficacy and security in humans
A recent emerging approach to improve the current models is emerging from the field of microfluidics, which studies systems that process or manipulate tiny amounts of fluids using channels with dimensions of tens to hundreds of micrometers. Combining microfluidics with cell culture, scientists gave rise to a new field named “Organ-on-chip” (OOC). Microfluidic OOCs are advanced platforms designed to mimic physiological structures and continuous flow conditions, thus allowing the culture of cells in a friendlier microenvironment.
This thesis, titled “Cell culture interfaces for different organ-on-chip applications: from photolithography to rapid-prototyping techniques with sensor embedding”, aims to design, simulate and test new OOC devices to reproduce cell culture interface under flow conditions. The work has a focus on the exploration of novel fabrication techniques which enable rapid prototyping of OOC devices, reducing costs, time and human labor associated to the fabrication process. The final objective is to demonstrate the viability of the devices as research tools for biological problems, applying them to the tubular kidney and the blood brain barrier (BBB).
To achieve the objective, at least three device version have been developed: 1) OOCv1, fabricated by multilayer PDMS soft lithography; 2) OOCv2, fabricated in thermoplastic by layered object manufacturing using both a vinyl cutter and a laser cutter, integrating standard fluidic connectors alone (OOCv2.1) or together with embedded electrodes (OOCv2.2); 3) OOCv3 using a mixed technique of laser cut and 3D printing by stereolithography. All devices are fabricated using biocompatible materials with high optical quality and an embedded commercial membrane.
The biological experiments with renal tubular epithelial cells, realized on OOCv1 and OOCv2.1 devices, demonstrated the viability of the device for culturing cells under flow conditions. The study realized on fatty acid oxidation and accumulation in cells exposed to physiological and diabetogenic oscillating levels of glucose suggest a possible positive role of shear stress in activation of fatty acid metabolism. The studies were performed using a compact experimental unit with embedded flow control which reduce significatively the complexity and cost of the fluidic experimental setup.
The biological experiments on the BBB confirmed viability of OOCv2.1 and OOCv2.2 for compartmentalized co-culturing of endothelial cells and pericytes. The formation and recovery of the barrier after disruptive treatment has been assessed using different techniques, including immunostaining, fluorescence and live phase contrast imaging, and electrical impedance spectroscopy. The repeatability of measurements using electrodes was verified. A model to classify measurements from different timepoints has been developed, resulting in accuracy of 100% in learning and 90% in testing case. Results are confirmed by imaging data, which also suggest a critical role of pericytes in the development, maintenance, and regulation of BBB, in accordance with the literature.En los últimos años está emergiendo una nueva propuesta para mejorar los modelos actuales en el estudio de nuevos fármacos. Mediante la fusión de cultivos celulares y microfluídica ha nacido un nuevo campo de aplicación denominado “Órgano-en-un-chip” (OOC), donde se recrea un entorno fisiológico capaz de reproducir unidades funcionales mínimas de diversos órganos del cuerpo humano. Un elemento importante para el desarrollo de dispositivos OOC es la reproducción de zonas de interacción entre varios tejidos formados por diferentes tipos celulares. Esta tesis, titulada “Interfaces de cultivo celular para diferentes aplicaciones de OOC: desde fotolitografía a técnicas de prototipado rápido con inclusión de sensores”, tiene como objetivo el diseño, simulación y evaluación de dispositivos OOC capaces de reproducir superficies de contacto de tejidos contiguos expuestos a flujo. El trabajo está enfocado a la exploración de nuevas técnicas de fabricación que permitan el prototipado rápido de dispositivos OOC, reduciendo costes, tiempo y mano de obra asociada a dicha fabricación. El objetivo final es demostrar la utilidad de los dispositivos como herramientas de investigación para problemas biológicos, aplicándolos en esta tesis al estudio del túbulo renal y de la barrera hematoencefálica. Para ello se han fabricado tres versiones de dispositivos: 1) OOCv1 fabricado por litografía suave en múltiples capas de PDMS; 2) OOCv2 fabricado con cortadora de vinilo y cortadora láser en múltiples capas de materiales termoplásticos y con electrodos integrados en la versión OOCv2.2; 3) OOCv3 fabricado mediante impresión 3D por esterolitografía. Todos los dispositivos están hechos de materiales biocompatibles de alta calidad óptica, con conectores fluídicos y una membrana comercial integrada. Los experimentos biológicos sobre túbulo renal, realizados en los dispositivos OOCv1 y OOCv2, han demostrado la viabilidad de los dispositivos, integrados con un sistema de flujo, para estudios de la metabolización de ácidos grasos en el riñón relacionados con condiciones diabetogénicas. Los experimentos biológicos sobre la barrera hematoencefálica han confirmado la viabilidad de OOCv2 para el cocultivo compartimentado de células endoteliales de cerebro y pericitos. La integración de electrodos en el OOCv2.2 ha demostrado ser una técnica fiable para la medición de la integridad de barreras biológicas de modo no-invasivo, libre de etiqueta (“label-free”), y a tiempo real gracias a la espectroscopía de impedancia.
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Kvantaliani, Maka, and Olga Klimina. "Implications of cross-cultural communication in business : A study of Swedish small enterprise “ImseVimse” and its international distributors and retailers." Thesis, Högskolan på Gotland, Institutionen för humaniora och samhällsvetenskap, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hgo:diva-933.
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In times of rapid economic development and internationalization of business, effective cross-cultural communication among managers remains a challenge. This thesis aims to research and analyze cross-cultural communication in business context based on qualitative case study of a small Swedish company and its international business partners. Previous research has focused on differences and similarities in people’s behaviour and ways of communication based on their cultural background. Through in-depth analysis and application of existing theories to the chosen case study company, the findings of this research demonstrated that although national culture does have an undeniable influence on people’s behaviour and their communication style, implications in communication between business partners of different cultural backgrounds often connected to an individual approach to cross-cultural communication. A great emphasis was placed on the language being one of the biggest communication challenges facing SMEs in international arena. Finally, misunderstandings occurring due to communication through technological devices were discussed.
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Navarrete, Nieto Rafael Alejandro. "Centro de reactivación social: complejo residencial y cultural en Barrios Altos." Bachelor's thesis, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12404/20262.
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La ciudad de Lima posee una gran riqueza histórica, que se manifiesta, entre otras cosas, en el patrimonio arquitectónico de su Centro Histórico. Lamentablemente, este patrimonio se encuentra en peligro debido al descuido, mal uso y la falta de políticas adecuadas que velen por su preservación. Es el caso del Molino de Santa Clara, ubicado en la zona de Barrios Altos. Este edificio no solo es uno de los más antiguos de la ciudad si no que, además, es el último edificio de su tipo. Actualmente, se encuentra invadido por 23 familias que viven en un estado de hacinamiento, y no cuentan con el equipamiento necesario para un estilo de vida digno. Esta invasión, además, contribuye al riesgo de colapso. Por esto, propongo intervenir en el molino y los lotes aledaños (usados actualmente como playas de estacionamiento) usando como base las propuestas de los planes maestros de Lima 2035 y Barrios Altos 2025. Planteo un programa en el molino que rescate su historia a través del turismo vivencial, y lo inserte en una red turística propuesta por estos, de modo que se reactive de forma pertinente y sostenible. En los lotes aledaños propongo crear viviendas para las familias reubicadas del molino y alrededores. Esta vivienda se crea a partir de un análisis de las tipologías de las quintas de Barrios Altos, caracterizadas por la fuerte interacción entre sus vecinos, a fin de crear un nuevo modelo de barrio que reactive la zona. De este análisis se toma el concepto de calles interiores, replicado en mayor escala en el diseño de espacio público complementario. Al darle al molino un uso pertinente que respete su memoria, y al proveer un nuevo tipo de vivienda, busco proteger y preservar el patrimonio histórico del Centro y elevar la calidad de vida de sus habitantes.
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Evans, Karen Elizabeth. "'Benign neglect' : towards an understanding of the cultural enablers and barriers to learning transfer." Thesis, University of Leicester, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/10953.
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This study explores the ways in which organisational culture affects the transfer of learning. Much of the research in this area has focussed on the transfer of learning from formal training courses taking a positivist approach to examine specific influencing factors. This study takes a wider view exploring learning transfer through the lens of organisational culture. This study also takes a more holistic view of learning, exploring the ways in which current models of transfer might apply to both formal and informal types of learning. The study focuses on the UK civil service, as a sector not yet considered by the literature. The methodology takes a social constructionist approach and uses qualitative research methods to build a contextualised view of learning transfer, using individuals’ perceptions of their organisations. A series of one to one and group interviews were used to gather data from three samples groups. A system of thematic analysis was chosen to identify a variety of categories and themes for analysis. The study concludes that existing models of transfer do not reflect the complex and iterative nature of learning transferred from a wider range of learning experiences. It also concludes that in the civil service a transfer-supportive culture relies on the creation of a supportive ethos that encourages transfer through sub-cultures and informal practices, rather than imposed formal systems and active line management practices. The success of these informal practices is because they reflect more closely the cultural assumptions learners. This study recognises that this approach is dependent on a positive individual disposition towards learning and a management practice of benign neglect. By taking a holistic approach to learning and a wider perspective of organisational influences, via the lens of organisational culture, this study has added to our understanding of learning transfer beyond existing models.
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Durff, Lisa. "Overcoming Pedagogical, Social/Cultural, and Attitudinal Barriers to Technology Integration in K-5 Schools." ScholarWorks, 2017. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/3602.
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Technology engages and increases academic achievement for K-5 students, but teachers face attitudinal, social/cultural, and pedagogical barriers when they integrate technology for student learning. Although some teachers overcome these barriers, it remains unclear how they do so. The purpose of this qualitative multiple case study was to analyze the attitudes and behaviors of 3 groups to determine how some teachers successfully overcame barriers to technology integration. The conceptual framework included Bandura's social cognitive theory and Ertmer's theory on second order barriers to technology integration. Participants were drawn from each of 3 schools in the northeastern United States. Data included interviews from 3 groups of 2-3 classroom teachers, 1 administrator, and 1 technology integration person. Data were analyzed using open coding to identify rich themes and patterns. The findings showed that a triadic force of administrators, technology support, and teachers worked together to positively influence technology integration. Strategies included providing appropriate professional development, building collegial support and sharing among teachers, training teachers to locate relevant technological resources, and establishing value and support for the use of technology for learning. The present study may contribute to positive social change by increasing the knowledge of barriers preventing integration of technology into K-5 classrooms, and by providing information that will allow teachers, administrators, and technology integration personnel to implement strategies that reduce and overcome these barriers.
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Boveri, Monica. "Evaluation of blood-brain barrier in vitro models and application for studying barrier disruption induced by gram-positive bacteria." Artois, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005ARTO0402.
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The blood-brain barrier (BBB), located at the level of brain capillary endothelial cells (BCECs), separates the cerebral compartment from the systemic circulation, playing a fundamental role in maintaining the homeostasis of the central nervous system (CNS). The important role that BBB plays both under physiological and pathological conditions lead scientist to look for in vitro models to study the cellular and molecular mechanisms responsible for the permeability variations of this barrier. In regulatory toxicology and in the context of the current European Union political scenario, the development and validation of in vitro models is of outmost importance. The European Centre for the Validation of Alternative Methods (ECVAM) organised in 2003 a workshop on “BBB in vitro methods and their application in toxicology” to discuss the in vitro models available and their application in integrated testing strategies. Taking into consideration the outcomes of this workshop and according to the 3Rs concept (reduction, refinement and replacement), we replaced in a well-established BBB in vitro model the primary glial cells (GCs) necessary for the differentiation of BCECs with the C6 glial cell line, to avoid the use of animals. For the first time, we compared directly the structural and functional differentiation of BCECs induced by C6 cells towards GCs. Trans-endothelial electrical resistance (TEER) measurements showed that in the presence of C6 cells the values were always lower than in the presence of GCs. Permeability of the BCECs to both radioactive sucrose and FITC-inulin was 2. 5-fold higher when cells were co-cultured with C6 than with GCs. Immunocytochemistry studies showed less developed tight junction pattern in the presence of C6. P-gp expression and activity were lower in BCECs co-cultured with C6 than with GCs. The levels of VEGF in the culture medium were 40-fold higher in the presence of C6, suggesting that VEGF was one of the factors responsible for impairing the endothelial barrier co-cultured with C6 cells. Therefore, C6 cell line failed to replace primary GCs in a reliable BBB in vitro model. Furthermore, we used the BBB model consisting of BBCECs co-cultured with primary GCs to investigate the effects of the Gram-positive bacterial cell wall components lipoteichoic acid (LTA) and muramyl dipeptide (MDP) on the structure and function of BBB in vitro. The activation of GCs with LTA disrupted BBB integrity and LTA effect was potentiated by MDP. Immunocytochemistry analysis for tight junction associated proteins showed a delocalisation of AHNAK, revealing that LTA altered the tight junction pattern. LTA-activated GCs produced nitric oxide (NO) and the pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-a and IL-1b, which contributed to LTA-induced BBB disruption, since the direct treatment of the endothelial monolayer with TNF-a, IL-1b or a NO donor increased BBB permeability. In addition, the pre-treatment of LTA-activated GCs with antibodies against these two cytokines blocked LTA effect and the presence of 1400W, inhibitor of inducible NO synthase (iNOS), partially reversed LTA-induced decreased TEER. This study showed for the first time that LTA impaired the BBB in vitro through glia activation and suggested that free-radical scavengers and inhibitors of iNOS and of pro-inflammatory cytokines could be major targets for the adjunctive therapy of CNS pathologies induced by Gram-positive bacteriaLa barrière hémato-encéphalique (BHE) située au niveau des cellules endothéliales des capillaires cérébraux (BCECs) sépare le cerveau de la circulation systémique, jouant un rôle fondamental dans l'homéostasie du système nerveux central (SNC). Le rôle important de la BHE tant en conditions physiologiques que pathologiques a conduit les chercheurs à mettre au point des modèles de BHE in vitro afin d’étudier les mécanismes cellulaires et moléculaires des variations de la perméabilité de cette barrière. La réglementation en toxicologie et la politique actuelle de l’Union Européenne, encourage fortement le développement et la validation de modèles in vitro. Le Centre Européen pour la Validation des Méthodes Alternatives (ECVAM) a organisé en 2003 une réunion de travail sur les "méthodes in vitro de BHE et leur application en toxicologie" pour évaluer les modèles in vitro disponibles et discuter de leur application dans des stratégies de tests. Suite à cette réunion et en suivant le concept "réduire, améliorer, remplacer" qui tient lieu de ligne de conduite dans la mise au point des méthodes alternatives à l’expérimentation animale, nous avons remplacé, dans le modèle habituellement utilisé au laboratoire, les cultures primaires de cellules gliales (GCs) nécessaires à la différenciation des cellules endothéliales cérébrales, par la lignée C6. Pour la première fois, l’induction des caractéristiques structurales et fonctionnelles de la BHE a donc été comparée dans les BCECs placées en présence de GCs ou de C6. Les mesures de la résistance électrique trans-endothéliale (TEER) montrent qu’en présence de C6 les valeurs sont toujours inférieures à celles obtenues en présence de GCs. De plus la perméabilité endothéliale au saccharose et à l’inuline est 2,5 fois plus élevée en présence de C6. Les études réalisées en immunofluorescence mettent en évidence une différenciation moins bonne des jonctions serrées en présence de C6. L’expression et l’activité de la P-gp sont fortement diminuées. La quantité de VEGF dosé dans les milieux de culture est 40 fois plus importante en présence de C6, ce qui pourrait expliquer la perméabilité élevée des BCECs co-cultivées avec les C6. Les résultats montrent donc que l’utilisation des C6 à la place des GCs ne permet pas d’obtenir un modèle fiable de BHE in vitro. Le modèle initial consistant en une co-culture de BCECs et de GCs a donc finalement été utilisé pour étudier l'effet de l'acide lipoteichoïque (LTA) et du muramyl dipeptide (MDP), composants de la paroi des bactéries Gram-positives, sur la structure et les fonctions de la BHE in vitro. L’activation des GCs par le LTA perturbe l'intégrité de la BHE. Cet effet est renforcé par le MDP. L’étude en immunofluorescence des protéines associées aux jonctions serrées montre une délocalisation d’AHNAK indiquant un effet du LTA sur les jonctions serrées. L’activation des GCs par le LTA a conduit à une sécrétion d’oxyde nitrique (NO) ainsi que de TNF-a et d’IL-1β, cytokines pro-inflammatoires. Ces composés contribueraient à la rupture de la BHE induite par le LTA. En effet le traitement direct des BCECs par le TNF-a ou l’IL-1β ou un donneur de NO augmente la perméabilité de la BHE. De plus, le prétraitement par des anticorps dirigés contre les deux cytokines, des GCs activées par le LTA, bloque l'effet du LTA. La présence d’un inhibiteur de la NO synthase inductible (le 1400W) limite l’augmentation de la perméabilité induite par le LTA. Cette étude prouve pour la première fois que l’activation des GCs par le LTA altère la BHE in vitro et montre que la NO synthase inductible et des cytokines pro-inflammatoires pourraient être les cibles thérapeutiques dans les pathologies du SNC induites par les bactéries Gram-positives
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Stenbom, Martina, and Anna Westgren. "Tolken : En bro eller barriär?" Thesis, Röda Korsets Högskola, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:rkh:diva-674.
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Bakgrund: Med ökad migration ställs nya krav på hälso- och sjukvården att utveckla en sjukvård som möter behoven hos människor från andra kulturer. Detta innebär att sjuksköterskan behöver utforma vården efter patientens individuella och kulturspecifika behov. Att kunna kommunicera utan hinder är en förutsättning för att kunna ge och få god omvårdnad. Syfte: Syftet med denna studie är att belysa erfarenheter av att använda sig av och kommunicera med hjälp av tolk ur ett sjuksköterskeperspektiv. Metod: En litteraturstudie baserad på 10 vetenskapliga artiklar med kvalitativ ansats. Efter analysen identifierades fyra teman: Tolken som en bro över språkbarriären, Begränsningar i samtalet, Bristande organisation och Kulturkompetens. Resultat: Flertalet sjuksköterskor erfor att tolkens kompetens och trovärdighet var avgörande för kvaliteten på vårdsamtalet. Vården påverkades negativt av språkbarriärer då sjuksköterskorna upplevde att de inte kunde ge vård på lika villkor till de patienter som de saknar ett gemensamt språk med. Det fanns även strukturella problem både inom sjukvården och hos tolkförmedlingarna, vilket gjorde att sjuksköterskorna avstod från att använda sig av professionella tolkar. För att kunna bemöta patienter från olika kulturer krävs en lyhördhet för vad det finns för kulturspecifika behov hos den som ska vårdas. Detta gäller även vid valet av tolk. Slutsats: Sjuksköterskor måste bli medvetna om hur viktigt det är för vårdens utfall, compliance och patientens välbefinnande att professionella tolkar är närvarande då ett gemensamt språk saknas. En ökad kulturell kompetens bland sjuksköterskor krävs för att på bästa sätt bemöta patienter med kulturspecifika behov. Klinisk betydelse: Begränsad kommunikation påverkar vårdkvaliteten. Tydligare riktlinjer och en mer strukturerad organisation kring tolkservice krävs för att underlätta användandet av tolkservice. Sjuksköterskorna bör få mer utbildning och information kring vikten av att använda tolk vid samtal med patienter som inte behärskar det inhemska språket.Background: In a globalised world, healthcare systems are increasingly required to develop ways to meet the needs of patients with different cultural backgrounds. As such, nurses are required to adapt the care they give to meet a patient’s individual and culture-specific needs. Unimpeded communication is a prerequisite for both receiving and providing good nursing care. Aim: The aim of the study is to explore, from a nursing perspective, the experiences of using, and communicating through, an interpreter. Method: A literature review based on ten research papers with a qualitative method. On analysis, four themes were revealed: The interpreter bridging the language barrier, Conversational limitations, Organisational deficiencies and Cultural competence. Result: The nurses felt that an interpreter’s skill and reliability were decisive in determining the quality of the conversation. The language barrier adversely affected the care given as the nurses felt that they were unable to provide equality in healthcare to those patients with whom they did not share a common language. In addition, there were systematic problems within both the healthcare system and the interpreting agencies which meant that the nurses avoided using professional interpreters. Treating people from other cultures with respect requires sensitivity for the culture-specific needs a patient may have. This also affects the choice of interpreter. Conclusion: In situations where nurse and patient lack a common language, nurses should be aware of the importance of professional interpretation for the patient outcome, for patient compliance and for the patient’s well-being. If the needs of patients with culture-specific requirements are to be met, nurses need to acquire a higher level of cultural competence. Clinical implication: Limited communication affects the quality of care. Clearer guidelines about interpretation services and improved organisational structure are needed in order to better facilitate the use of interpretation services. More training and information is needed for nurses so that they appreciate the importance of using an interpreter when conducting conversations with patients who do not speak the local language.
Röda Korsets sjuksköterskeförening stipendium 2013
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Carvalho, Aline Vieira de 1981. "Palmares como espaço de sonhos : analise dos discursos arqueologicos sobre a Serra da Barriga." [s.n.], 2005. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/281558.
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Orientador: Pedro Paulo Abreu FunariDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciencias Humanas
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-04T02:09:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Carvalho_AlineVieirade_M.pdf: 651766 bytes, checksum: a260c3b8c0eaa4391ae25985384dc116 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005
Resumo: : A presente pesquisa buscou apresentar quais as concepções de Arqueologia foram articuladas na Serra da Barriga e quais representações foram arquitetadas, no interior dessas teorias, para o assentamento quilombola. Esse exercício de apresentação tem como objetivo pavimentar caminhos para a construção de reflexões acerca da relação entre Arqueologia, identidade e política, além de possibilitar algumas sugestões para o futuro da disciplina
Abstract: The study aims at discussing the archaelogical interpretive frameworks used to understand Potbelly Hill (Serra da Barriga), the large 17th c. maroon. This interpretive exercise aims also at discussing the relationship between archaeology, identity building and politics, as well as fostering new avenues for the development of the discipline itself
Mestrado
Historia Cultural
Mestre em História
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Gustafsson, Ellen. "I arbetet med kulturella barriärer : Utformandet av kulturkompetens i arbetet med funktionsvarierade från olika kulturella bakgrunder, en komparativ litteraturöversikt." Thesis, Ersta Sköndal Bräcke högskola, Institutionen för socialvetenskap, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:esh:diva-7870.
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Kultur är något som i vardagen styr hur människor värderar, tänker, tror och tycker. Det påverkar också hur vi tar oss an ett visst problem och handskas med det. Funktionsvariation är något som existerar i hela värden men ändå är det så olikt hur vi människor väljer att bemöta det. När vår värld globaliseras allt mer bidrar detta till att fler och fler kulturer tvingas samexistera trots dessa spridda värderingar som kan förekomma. En internationell synvinkel var eftertraktat i uppsatsen och därför gjordes en komparativ litteraturstudie där nio vetenskapliga artiklar från fyra olika länder undersöktes. Syftet med studien var att undersöka hur dessa fyra länder arbetar kultursensitivt. Teorin som valdes för att granska materialet var den postkoloniala teorin eftersom teorin belyser de maktstrukturer som existerar kulturellt efter postkolonialismen och hur detta påverkar människor än idag. Det resultat som gavs från artiklarna delas in i motiv till, utförande av och resultat från kulturkompetens. Det som samtliga artiklar trycker på är hur organisationerna måste rekrytera personal från olika kulturella bakgrunder samt kunna ge ut information på de språk som målgruppen talar. Resultatet belyser att även att socialarbetarna behöver reflektera kring både deras egen kultur och läsa in sig i hur andra kulturer normalt sätt ser på funktionsvariation. I diskussionen belyses de maktrelationer som det sociala arbetet bygger på och att det är viktigt för en person tillhörande en majoritetskultur att kritiskt kunna reflektera över sina egna värderingar i relation till en klient från en minoritetskultur. Behovet av att rekrytera personal från olika kulturella bakgrunder samt även kritik till kulturell kompetens lyfts upp. Slutsatsen genomsyras av om huruvida det är den kulturella kompetensen som endast är viktigast i arbetet med människor från olika kulturella bakgrunder eller om det riskerar att bidra till generalisering och stigmatisering av minoritetsgrupper. Istället betonas vikten av att det postkoloniala synsättet värderas högre då detta förser socialarbetaren med ett maktperspektiv som blir av vikt i arbetet med denna utsatta grupp.Culture is something that in everyday life control people’s opinions, how they value, think and believe. It also affects how we deal with a problem and work with it. Different ability is something that exists in the whole world but still it differs how people choose to respond to it. As our world becomes increasingly globalized, this contributes to more and more cultures being forced to coexist despite these scattered values that may occur. An international perspective of cultural competence was the main interest, therefore a comparative literature study was made in which nine scientific articles from four different countries were examined. The purpose of the study was to investigate how these four countries work culturally sensitive. The theory chosen for examining the material was the postcolonial theory since the theory highlights the power structures that exist culturally after postcolonialism and how this still affects people today. The result given from the articles is divided into motives for, performance of and results from cultural competence. What all articles imprint is how the organizations must recruit staff from different cultural backgrounds and be able to publish information in the languages that the target group speaks. The social workers also need to reflect on both their own culture and study how other cultures normally look at people with different abilities. The discussion sheds light on the power relations that social work is based on and that it’s important for a person belonging to a majority culture to critically reflect on their own values in relation to a client from a minority culture. The need to recruit staff from various cultural backgrounds as well as criticism of cultural competence is highlighted. The conclusion is permeated by whether it’s the cultural competence that is the most important aspect in the work with people from different cultural backgrounds, or if it risks contributing to generalization and stigmatization of minority groups. Instead, it’s emphasized that the post-colonial approach is more valuable as this provides social workers with a power perspective that becomes important in the work with this vulnerable group.
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Lundy, David Jon. "Development of a three-dimensional cell culture model for epidermal barrier permeability testing." Thesis, Durham University, 2013. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/7356/.
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In this thesis, a novel 3D polystyrene scaffold was investigated for use as a 3D cell culture material to support keratinocyte culture. Methods of collagen-coating the scaffold were investigated and a keratinocyte model was developed at the air-liquid interface to form an in vitro epidermal equivalent. The procedures for culturing keratinocytes were analysed experimentally to promote optimal proliferation and differentiation of the cells. Keratinocytes cultured in the scaffold showed signs of differentiation, visualised by immunofluorescence staining and ultrastructural analysis by scanning and transmission electron microscopy. The 3D model established is different to other epidermal models as keratinocytes differentiate inside the 3D substrate, rather than forming multiple layers on the air-exposed surface. Mature cornified envelopes with covalently attached lipids were isolated from the cultures after fourteen days at the air-liquid interface, showing that keratinocytes reached terminal differentiation in the 3D scaffold. Lipid extractions, identification and quantitation showed that the cultures produced a lipid profile similar to native human epidermis, and optimisations to the culture media further improved this similarity. In the final chapter, the barrier permeability of the 3D model to corticosterone was measured and the model was used to investigate the effect of inhibiting the JNK stress signalling pathway on keratinocyte differentiation and barrier function. This has previously not been investigated using a 3D model, and findings indicated that targeting this pathway may be useful for the treatment of psoriasis, a common skin disorder.
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Park-Westman, Misook. "Managing competence development programs in a cross-cultural organisation : what are the barriers and enablers? /." Linköping : Linköpings universitet, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-7570.
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Marutle, Lillian Dipuo. "An exploration of the barriers (socio-cultural) to successful implementation of PMTCT in Eastern Cape." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/50264.
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Thesis (MPhil)--Stellenbosch University, 2005.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This research provides some insight into some of the socio-cultural barriers hindering the implementation of MTCT programmes in Eastern Cape. In most parts of the world today, HIV infection is increasing faster among women more than men. The resulting infection of women is that many babies born to HIV mother become automatically infected. Mother-to-Child transmission (MTCT) of HIV is most significant source of HIV infection in children. Of the estimated 36 million people living with HIV/AIDS, 1.4 million are children (UNAIDS, 2002). The devastating effect of MTCT, prompted the South African government to initiate an urgent programme. In 2000, the SA government set up 18 pilot sites, including 2 sites in Eastern-Cape; the East London Complex, to curb children HIV infection. However, four years after the inception of the programme its success still depends largely on many factors, one of which is the socio-cultural barrier. This research therefore set out to explore some aspect of these socio-cultural barriers that is hindering the PMTCT programme in Eastern Cape. The research report consists of five chapters. Chapter 1. Deals with the introduction into the topic. Chapter 2. Summarises the literature on PMTCT associated with the research, as well as risk factors associated with PMTCT and possible interventions that were identified in various literature that attempts to reduce MTCT. Chapter 3. Focus on the research methodology. It explains the study design, the research aim and objectives, the study population and data analysis resulting from the research. Chapter 4. The results of the research findings is discussed in-dept in this chapter. An overarching theme of high level of societal stigma emerged as the key socio-cultural barrier. Chapter 5. This chapter discusses the identified socio-cultural barrier as well as possible recommendations as to how to address some of these barriers and also suggestion for further research.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie navorsing bied ‘n mate van insig tot sommige van die sosiokulturele beperkinge wat die implementering van sogenaamde MTCT-programme in die Ooskaap kortwiek. In die meeste wêrelddele styg die voorkoms van die HIV-virus onder vroue tans vinniger as onder mans. Die resultaat daarvan is dat die babas van geïnfekteerde vroue outomaties ook geïnfekteer word. Moeder-tot-kind-oordrag MTKO (Mother-to-child transmission –MTCT) van MIV is die hoofsaaklike bron van infeksie in kinders. Van die geskatte 36 miljoen mense wat tans met MIV/VIGS lewe, is 1, 4 miljoen kinders (UNAIDS, 2002). Die vernietigende effek van MTKO het die Suidafrikaanse regering daartoe genoop om ‘n dringende program van stapel te stuur. Gedurende die jaar 2000, het die SA regering beslag gegee aan 18 loodsterreine, waarvan 2 in die Ooskaap-Oos-Londen-kompleks, om MIV-infeksies onder kinders te begin beperk. Vier jaar na die aanvang van die program, egter, is die sukses daarvan steeds afhanklik van ‘n veeltal faktore, een waarvan die sosio-kulturele grens is. Om hierdie rede was hierdie navorsing daarop ingestel om sommige aspekte van hierdie sosio-kulturele grense wat die VMTKO-programme (Voorkomig van MTKO) in die Ooskaap bemoeilik, van nader te ondersoek. Die navorsingsverslag bestaan uit vyf hoofstukke. Hoofstuk 1. Handel oor die inleiding tot die onderwerp. Hoofstuk 2. Som die bestaande literatuur oor VMTKO op sover dit op die navorsing van toepassing is; insluitende risikofaktore wat met VMTKO geassosieer word asook moontlike intervensies met die oog op pogings om MTKO te verlaag, soos geïdentifiseer in verskeie bronne in die literatuur. Hoofstuk 3. Fokus op die navorsings metodologie. Dit verduidelik die ontwerpbeginsels van die studie, die navorsingsdoelstellings en oogmerke, die teikengroep van die studie en die data-analise voortspruitend uit die navorsing. Hoofstuk 4. Die navorsingsresultate word hierin in diepte bespreek. ‘n Oorheersende tema van stigma binne gemeenskapsverband tree as sentrale sosiokulturele grens na vore. Hoofstuk 5. Die geïdentifiseerde sosiokulturele grense word bespreek en moontlike aanbevelings gemaak ten opsigte van hoe sulke grense aangespreek kan word, asook voorstelle vir verdere navorsing.