Dissertations / Theses: 'Cultural Commons'

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Rowan, Jaron. "The creative industries and the cultural commons : transformations in labour, value and production." Thesis, Goldsmiths College (University of London), 2012. http://research.gold.ac.uk/8022/.

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The following work constitutes an inquiry into the economic, social and political composition of what are commonly known as the cultural or creative industries. My aim is to provide a critique of the discursive origins, political dimensions, economic models and subjective constructions that shape the complex set of practices and discourses that comprise the creative industries. To do so, this work looks into the production of a set of schemes, policies, plans, economic models, modes of labour, regulations and discourses that have been designed in order to transform cultural practices into economic activities. I will contextualize these transformations within a general framework of what has been branded ‘cognitive capitalism’, acknowledging that this process needs to be understood with reference to the neoliberalization of the wider economy through focusing on a set of changes in the nature of labour, value and creativity. I then attempt to understand the ecosystem in which the creative industries are enmeshed. In order to do so, I will discuss the notion of the cultural commons: the pools of collective ideas and knowledge from which these enterprises capture their raw material. Not only will this give an understanding of the nature of the sources of knowledge and ideas that feed the creative industries but will also to provide a good opportunity to understand the communities, objects and relations that shape them. Finally there is a discussion on the tensions, bifurcations and alternatives that escape the hegemonic economic models promoted by policy. This will open up possibilities in which to think of forms of self-organization and commons-based cultural enterprises that might provide new spaces in which the economy and culture can meet.

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Riamit, Stanley. "Dissolving the pastoral commons, enhancing enclosures: commercialization, corruption and colonial continuities amongst Maasai pastoralists of Southern Kenya." Thesis, McGill University, 2014. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=123174.

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AbstractMaasai pastoral landholdings presently collectively held and managed under group ranch tenure arrangement are increasingly under pressure to subdivide and privatize. Subsequent processes of defining, administering, allocating and securing land rights and associated resources within pastoral landholdings has remained largely contentious. The complex interplay between market forces, state bureaucracy (policy, legal and administrative framework), customary value systems and institutions in the process of allocating land rights against a backdrop of competing land-use options and mounting population pressure provides the setting for unpacking the dynamics of land related graft.This thesis presents new data to analyze emerging and increasing incidences of practices and activities that could generally be described as 'corrupt' in the process of subdivision and privatization of pastoral commons. Understanding the roles, interests and strategies of different social actors and institutions – local group ranch members, group ranch officials, ministry of lands officials, private sector investors (conservationists, tourism sector players, land surveyors, lawyers) - during the land subdivision processes, seen in the light of historical and current social, economic, and political trajectories, can help deepen our understanding of land related corruption and its likely impact on future land use trends and local livelihoods. In particular, community conservation initiatives driven by private sector investors, local community members' unfamiliarity with functioning of the state bureaucracy and personal agency in rent seeking tendencies inevitably have the strongest influence on social equity with respect to land and associated resources within the GR context.. However, the increase in land related graft is not a simple function of the shortfalls arising from market inequity and state inefficiency related outcomes. They are as much influenced by carry-over of practices of indigenous value systems on resource distribution based on reciprocity. These findings are relevant not only for Maji moto group ranch and group ranches adjacent to Maasai Mara game reserve, but also for pastoral livelihood and land-use options elsewhere in Kenya and sub-Saharan Africa RésuméLes propriétés foncières pastorales Maasai actuellement détenues et gérées collectivement sous arrangement « mandat ranch de groupe sont de plus en plus sous pression de parcelisation et privatisation. Les processus ultérieurs de définition, d'administration, affectation et sécurisation des droits fonciers et des ressources connexes au sein de propriétés foncières pastorales sont restés largement controversés. L'interaction complexe entre les forces du marché, la bureaucratie d'État (politique, cadre juridique et administratif), les systèmes de valeurs et institutions coutumiers dans le processus d'allocation des droits fonciers dans un contexte d'options concurrentes d'utilisation des terres et la pression démographique offrent un cadre pour le déballage de la dynamique de corruption liée à la terre. Cette thèse présente de nouvelles données qui analysent l'émergence et l'augmentation de l'incidence des pratiques et des activités qui pourraient généralement être décrites comme «corrompues» dans le processus de lotissement et de privatisation des biens communs pastoraux Comprendre les rôles, intérêts et stratégies des différents acteurs sociaux et institutions - membres locaux du groupe de ranchs, responsables de ranchs, fonctionnaires du ministère des terres, investisseurs du secteur privé ( écologistes, acteurs du secteur du tourisme, arpenteurs-géomètres, avocats) - pendant le déroulement du processus de lotissement, considérés à la lumière des trajectoires sociales actuelles et historiques, économiques et politiques, peuvent aider à approfondir notre compréhension de la corruption liée à la terre et son impact probable sur les tendances futures d'utilisation des terres et des moyens de subsistance locaux. En particulier, les initiatives de conservation communautaires stimulées par les investisseurs du secteur privé, la méconnaissance du fonctionnement de la bureaucratie étatique par les membres des collectivités locales et les actions personnelles dans les efforts de recherche de rentes ont inévitablement une plus forte influence sur l'équité sociale par rapport à la terre et aux ressources associées dans le contexte GR. Cependant, l'augmentation des griefs liés à la terre ne provient pas simplement des déficits résultant de l'inégalité du marché et de l'incapacité de l'Etat à atteindre les résultats attendus. Mais, ils sont aussi très influencés par les pratiques de systèmes de valeurs autochtones relatives à la répartition des ressources fondées sur la réciprocité. Ces conclusions sont pertinentes non seulement pour le groupe de ranchs Maji Moto et des ranchs collectifs adjacents à la réserve de chasse Masaï Mara, mais aussi pour les moyens de subsistance pastoraux et des options d'utilisation des terres ailleurs au Kenya et en Afrique subsaharienne.

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Pang, Natalie. "The knowledge commons in Victoria and Singapore: an exploration of community roles in the shaping of cultural institutions." Monash University. Faculty of Information Technology. Caulfield School of Information Technology, 2008. http://arrow.monash.edu.au/hdl/1959.1/68708.

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‘The commons’ is a concept originating from the traditional shared use of land, but which now often refers to any social asset, physical or abstract, that is shared. This research concerns one aspect of the commons, namely the knowledge commons. The thesis explores community roles in developing and sustaining cultural institutions as key components of the knowledge commons. It focuses particularly on processes of participatory design, and on the capacity of digital technologies to support community engagement. The study takes place across the cultural contexts of the State of Victoria (Australia) and Singapore. The three key aims of the thesis are to explore in what ways and to what extent: I. The emerging concept of the knowledge commons relates to the role of cultural institutions as systems for the creation and sharing of sustainable knowledge resources by their communities. II. The notion of participative design may be applicable to the ongoing development of such systems as multi-stakeholder partnerships to meet community needs. III. Differences in national culture may affect the generality of such an analysis. The research design employs literature analysis and multiple case studies as a basis for proposing new theorisations and an analytical tool to assist future action by cultural institutions and relevant communities. The main perspective used in framing the literature analysis and case studies is Giddens’ structuration theory. Structuration sees the continuing interplay between social action and social structure as the means by which the cultural patternings known as institutions are recursively produced. A complementary perspective used is Hofstede’s model of cultural dimensions. Other theorists from a range of disciplines provide perspectives on particular concepts or aspects, such as the commons and participatory design. Five chapters are headed ‘Foundations’. These seek to explicate key dimensions of the research, namely the knowledge commons, community knowledge, cultural institutions, participatory design, and the cultural contexts of Victoria and Singapore. Four chapters are headed ‘Case Study’ and deal with individual cultural institutions, or clusters of institutions, which were the sites of exploratory enquiry (generally consisting of interviews and observation, but in the case of Museum Victoria also elements of action research). The cultural institutions covered by these chapters are Museum Victoria/Women on Farms Gathering, the Asian Civilisations Museum, Public Libraries in Victoria and Public Libraries in Singapore. These insights are analysed to propose a series of related typologies. The coverage of these typologies includes resource characteristics, collective processes, and cultural dimensions. The typologies come together as components of an integrated, explanatory conceptual model concerning the relationships between the commons, cultural institutions, communities, collective processes (including the role of information and communication technologies) and participatory design within cultural institutions. In the final chapter answers are formulated for the initiating research questions. Also the integrated model developed by the thesis is used as the basis for a proposed analytical tool to assist action towards enhanced community engagement in the development of cultural institutions. Use of the tool is illustrated by application to several examples of collective action encountered during the research.

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Robinson, Leith Therese Kelly. "Converged memory institutions : combining public library and cultural resources to achieve an information and social commons." Thesis, Curtin University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/91.

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The 21st Century’s living and working environment has been transformed by technological advancements, and affected by the trends of globalisation, financial restriction and citizen participation. In response, many information and cultural organisations [memory institutions] such as galleries, libraries, archives and museums are converging aspects of their collections, services and management. This convergence may be physical or virtual, and the subsequent evolution of operations has implications for sites, staff and users. This research explores the theory and practice of convergence as it is impacting upon a particular group and domain of memory institutions, namely public libraries in Western Australia. In addition there is a focus on the interrelationship of convergence with professional and institutional identity, and with the emerging concept of the information and social commons.The research consists of two principal forms of data collection. Firstly, a survey canvassing the opinions of Western Australian public librarians; and secondly, case studies undertaken in four Western Australian local government areas.The findings from these two methods are used to form recommendations for the best operation of a converged memory institution (CMI). Convergence is suggested as particularly appropriate at the local level, and libraries are recommended as the anchoring domain in a CMI, to maximise social capital and form a community hub. This thesis acknowledges the challenging and complex nature of convergence, but argues that as memory institutions converge they improve the delivery of information and cultural services via the optimisation of collectionutility and process efficiency. Thus greater information and social benefits are achieved, and the value and relevance of the collecting sector is reinforced.

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Dohrn, Charlotte L. "A New Commons: Considering Community-Based Co-Management for Sustainable Fisheries." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2013. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/pomona_theses/81.

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Commercial fisheries on the West Coast are traditionally managed under large-scale management and conservation plans implemented by state and federal agencies. This scale of management can present obstacles for fishing communities. This thesis examines emerging cases of attempts to define and implement sustainable management of commercial fisheries under a community-based co-management model. In Port Orford, Sitka, San Diego and Santa Barbara, preliminary community-based co-management models are enabling fishing communities to pursue social sustainability through preserving access, participating in local science, and direct marketing for fish products. These communities are actively reshaping traditional models of conceptualizing and managing common-pool resources like fisheries.

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Fransson, Barbro. "Business and governance models for DTN-based internet access : Gender and cultural considerations and application cases using open source software and design principles for ICT commons." Licentiate thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Arbetsvetenskap, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-18378.

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Great effort is being made to get Europe out of its economic crisis and prepare the European economy for the next decade. The aims of the Digital Agenda are to give all Europeans basic broadband by 2013 and to ensure that by 2020 all Europeans have access to much higher internet speeds. Can DTN technology contribute to achieving these targets in rural and remote areas? In the N4C project DTN technology has taken a step toward these goals and been proven viable. This licentiate thesis is meant to suggest business and governance models suitable for the N4C DTN-based internet access, the test beds and the applications. The focus is on reviewing and assessing business models for Open Source Software (OSS) and offering solutions for testing whether DTN-based internet access can be governed in an economic association as an ICT commons.Gender and cultural considerations in N4C business and deployment development are analysed. It is shown that to improve the gender balance special measures need to be considered. It is concluded that in countries such as Sweden, where women have almost the same ICT take-up and usage as men, i.e., women are good ICT-consumers, their role as entrepreneurs, developers and participants in governance of ICT infrastructure needs to be improved.Ostrom’s eight design principles for governing, with division of roles into appropriators, producers and providers, have been tested on N4C in the entity of an economic association, with illuminating results. However, when such governance models are used in projects like N4C, they cannot be transferred outright, as the appropriation from the internet is different from withdrawal of resources from other types of commons. It was found that the provision formulas, especially for labour, are important, because in the N4C DTN-based internet access the producer in the model is often acting as a “data mule,” transporting the code. To assure gender-inclusive governance when economic associations are being used, Ostrom’s eight design principles for governing is proposed to be surrounded with special measures. Godkänd; 2011; 20111006 (barfra); LICENTIATSEMINARIUM Ämnesområde: Människa-maskin med inriktning mot genusforskning/Man Machine Relation Focusing Gender Examinator: Docent Maria Udén, Institutionen för ekonomi, teknik och samhälle, Luleå tekniska universitet Diskutant: Universitetslektor Annica Sandström, Institutionen för ekonomi, teknik och samhälle, Luleå tekniska universitet Tid: Fredag den 11 november 2011 kl 13.00 Plats: Taylor F719, Luleå tekniska universitet

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Singleton, Benedict E. "From the sea to the land beyond : exploring plural perspectives on whaling." Doctoral thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för humaniora, utbildnings- och samhällsvetenskap, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-52869.

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A perennial challenge in efforts to deal with environmental issues is the question of how to simplify. As such, where and when one simplifies is often a source of conflict, but perversely also paramount to finding a solution. This thesis focuses on one long-standing environmental issue, the whaling debate. Specifically, it performs a strategically sited microethnography of Faroese whaling, grindadráp, exploring linkages between actions on local and international scales. This thesis aims to contribute to environmental sociological efforts to analyse and resolve complex socio-environmental problems. The five papers that together constitute this thesis collectively provide a description of grindadráp from the local scale of the bays where pilot whales are killed to the international forums where whaling as a whole remains an issue at the heart of an on-going, deadlocked conflict. Primarily based on three months’ fieldwork in the Faroe Islands, this thesis combines observation, interviews, media and other literature. The theoretical lenses employed are that of the ‘ontological turn’ and the ‘theory of sociocultural viability’ (cultural theory). The former utilised as a tool for ethnographic practice with the latter used to analyse how different perspectives on reality manifest throughout the whaling conflict. This thesis demonstrates that grindadráp has changed through time as a result of the interactions between actors with different views on the matter at hand. However, in contrast to the global whaling debate, this interaction has been mostly constructive, with appropriate changes in practice ensuring grindadráp’s continued popularity within the Faroe Islands. Furthermore, its continuation will likely depend on grindadráp’s continued ability to balance different perspectives. This thesis thus echoes environmental sociological calls for improved dialogue in the framing and resolution of environmental disputes, suggesting that cultural theory provides a tool that balances relativism and pragmatism in dealing with complex environmental problems.

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Pouthier, François. "La place de la culture dans les Parcs naturels régionaux : contribution ou condition du développement territorial ?" Thesis, Bordeaux 3, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020BOR30015.

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Les Parcs naturels régionaux ont cinquante ans. Leurs missions sont de protéger et mettre en valeur des territoires habités à dominante rurale présentant un intérêt particulier pour la qualité de leurs patrimoines naturels et culturels. Pour cela, ils conjuguent un projet qui rassemble habitants et leurs représentants, un périmètre spatial politico-administratif en continuelle ré-interrogation formalisé par un contrat non prescriptif – une charte –, et un programme d’actions évaluables dans une durée déterminée. La culture y est posée comme moteur du projet de territoire. En croisant les sciences de l’espace, issues de la géographie béhavioriste et du socio-cognitivisme, les sciences humaines – l’ethnologie, la sociologie, la philosophie et l’histoire – et les sciences économiques et du politique, la recherche interroge si leurs interventions culturelles ont participé à la production du(des) territoire(s), soit en apportant une contribution soit en s’imposant comme une condition. Pour se faire, elle décline la notion de « l’agir territorial » (FAVORY, 2003) où cultures et territorialité sont analysées comme des construits socio-politiques. Les actions patrimoniales et leur adhésion au référentiel du développement durable ont transformé les Parcs de gestionnaire en « assembliers » et substitué à la seule médiation patrimoniale et culturelle, une médiation territoriale. Pour cela, sont apparus de nouveaux passeurs : les artistes. Les Parcs ont alors jeté les bases d’une « coproduction culturelle de l’action socio-territoriale ». Cette « transactionnalité » (GIDDENS, 1987) a généré des inters – inter collectivité, inter sectorialité, inter culturalité – « dans » et « entre » les collectivités, « dans » et « entre » les personnes privées et publiques. Ils sont un préalable à une fabrication de « communs culturels territoriaux » qui empruntent leur formule économique à celle qui régit le développement local. Ils fournissent un principe unificateur qui dissout les tensions originelles entre culture(s) et nature suivant le même phénomène que celui de la « créolisation » (GLISSANT, 2001), c’est-à-dire en débouchant non sur un mélange uniformisant ou conflictuel mais sur des recompositions respectives de leurs postures culturelles, susceptibles de réviser leurs systèmes de références et d’agir en communs. Leur résilience se cache dans leur existant, selon le principe pragmatique de « rétro innovation » (MAGNAGHI, 2003). Le résultat de la recherche nous amène alors à émettre une modélisation nommée « l’agir culturel territorial en communs » et à définir une (ad)équation, combinant développement territorial, « communs » et droits culturels Regional Nature Parks have turned fifty. Their missions are to protect and enhance inhabited areas with a predominantly rural character and which are of particular interest for the quality of their natural and cultural heritage. In order to do this, they combine a project that brings together inhabitants and their representatives, a political-administrative spatial perimeter that is constantly being re-interrogated and formalized by a non-prescriptive contract - a charter -, and a programme of actions that can be evaluated within a fixed period of time. Culture is set as the driving force of the territorial project. By combining space sciences (derived from behavioral geography and socio-cognitivism), social sciences (ethnology, sociology, philosophy and history) and economic and political sciences, the research questions whether their cultural interventions have contributed to the production of territory/ies, either by making a contribution or by imposing themselves as a condition. In order to do so, it applies the notion of "territorial action" (FAVORY, 2003) where cultures and territoriality are analyzed as socio-political constructs. Heritage actions and their adherence to the sustainable development reference system have transformed parks from managers to "assemblers" and have replaced the sole heritage and cultural mediation, with territorial mediation. To do this, new facilitators have appeared: artists. Parks then laid the foundations for a "cultural co-production of socio-territorial action". This "transactionality" (GIDDENS, 1987) generated "inters" - inter-community, inter-sector, inter-culture - "in" and "between" communities, "in" and "between" private and public persons. They are a prerequisite for the creation of "territorial cultural commons" that borrow their economic formula from that which governs local development. They provide a unifying principle that dissolves the original tensions between culture(s) and nature, following the same phenomenon as that of "creolization" (GLISSANT, 2001), i.e. by leading not to a unifying or conflictual mixture but to respective recompositions of their cultural postures, likely to revise their systems of reference and act as commons. Their resilience is hidden in their existing, according to the pragmatic principle of "retro innovation" (MAGNAGHI, 2003). The result of the research leads us to develop a model called "territorial cultural action in common" and to define an (ad)equation combining territorial development, "commons" and cultural rights

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Augrand, Alexandre. "Le Dj, médiateur de transferts culturels dans la Dance Culture : comment des cultures locales sont devenues globales." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015SACLE021/document.

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À travers ma thèse intitulée "Le Dj, médiateur de transferts culturels dans la Dance Culture. comment des cultures locales sont devenues globales", je mets en avant l'implication des DJs dans l'émergence des principaux mouvements musicaux formant la Dance Culture dans l'espace Atlantique.Dans le premier chapitre, je retrace l'émergence de la culture musicale jamaïcaine qui se trouve être à la base du DJing au sens créatif du terme.Dans le deuxième chapitre, je montre le développement des quatre mouvements phares qui forment la Dance Culture apparue sur la côte Est des États-Unis.Dans mon troisième chapitre, je parle de l'expansion de la Dance Culture en Europe en m'appuyant principalement sur les cas du développement de la House et de la Techno en Angleterre, en Allemagne et en France Through my thesis entitled "DJ, cultural transfers mediator in the Dance Culture, how local cultures became global", I put forward the DJs' involvement in the emergence of the main music movements which formed the Dance Culture in the Atlantic area.In the first chapter, I recall the Jamaican music culture's emergence which is on the basis of the DJing in the creative sense.In the second chapter, I show the development of the four main movements which formed the Dance Culture appeared in the East coast of the United States.In my last chapter, I speak about the expansion of the Dance Culture in Europa with the example of the House and Techno development in England, in Germany and in France

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Portron, Quentin. "Du tronc commun au socle commun (1945-2005) : La question de la culture commune au coeur de la démocratisation de l'école." Thesis, Normandie, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018NORMC022/document.

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Notre étude analyse les projets de socle commun (entre 1993 et 2006) et de tronc commun (entre 1944 et 1977) sous l’angle d’une tension entre deux formes antagonistes de démocratisation de l’école : démocratisation de la sélection et démocratisation de la réussite.Nous montrons que le socle commun institutionnel (2005-2006) ne parvient finalement pas à s’extraire du référentiel de démocratisation ségrégative caractéristique du système éducatif français. Cette logique de sélection se retrouve dans la conception d’un tronc commun que l’on repère, par exemple, dans les réformes de 1959 et 1963 ainsi que dans l’évolution du collège unique.À l’opposé, le socle commun proposé par la commission Thélot s’inscrit dans un paradigme de démocratisation de la réussite qui trouve des racines dans une tradition idéologique que nous pouvons observer à travers des projets tels que ceux définis, par exemple, par la commission Langevin-Wallon ou le ministre René Billères. Par-delà leurs différences d’approche, de contexte historique, d’objectifs en termes de réforme, le point commun est à situer dans l’élargissement de la culture commune allié à une redéfinition de la scolarité obligatoire intégrant dans le curriculum ordinaire les élèves dont le niveau est jugé faible. De ce point de vue, l’indispensable pour chacun ne peut être acquis que dans le cadre d’une culture pour tous Our study analyzes the projects of common core (between 1993 and 2006) and core curriculum (between 1944 and 1977) from a double perspective: “democratization of selection” and “democratization of success”.On the opposite side from the institutional common core (2005-2006) which failed in getting out of the system of reference which is characteristic of the segregationist democratization of the French education system, the common core put forward by the Thélot committee is in keeping with a paradigm of “democratization of success”, the latter taking roots in a philosophical tradition which can be found in projects such as those defined by the Education minister René Billères (1956-1958) or the Langevin-Wallon committee. Beyond their different approaches, historical contexts or goals, the common point is the widening of a common culture for all, beyond an academic angle, which tend to promote a logic of selection.From the “democratization of success” point of view, the essential for everyone can only be gained within the framework of a “culture for all”

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Fang, Xuan, and 方璇. "Commonsense and nonsense, a cultural-philosophical adventure in Alice's wonderland." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2009. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B43223989.

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Pasturel, Aurélien. "Tailoring common hydrogels into 3D cell culture templates." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019BORD0302.

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L’ingénierie d’hydrogels ; leur structuration et fonctionnalisation à l’échelle cellulaire, est une étape clé pour aboutir à de modèles in-vitro plus physiologiques. À ce jour, elle reste difficile car ces matériaux polymères, mous et riches en eau, sont souvent trop fragiles pour la micro-fabrication traditionnelle. Pour pallier à ce fait, nous avons combinée illumination ultraviolette structurée et chambres de réaction perméables au gaz nous offrant la maitrise sur la distribution de photons, les réactifs et les gaz présents à chaque instant et en tout point d’un champ d’illumination. Nous pouvons ainsi contrôler une photochimie adaptée aux hydrogels les plus répandus et structurer, décorer ou liquéfier ces matériaux. Ensemble ces trois opérations forment une boite à outil complète adaptée aux substrats les plus communs que sont Matrigel, Agar, Poly(acrylamide) et Poly(éthylène-glycol). Nous avons par la suite fabriqué des micro-niches en hydrogel permettant la culture standardisée de lignées cellulaire et de neurones primaires soit par adhésion sur des topographies ou par auto-organisation en sphéroïdes. Ceci démontre que la plateforme est à même de répondre à des enjeux importants de culture cellulaire tridimensionnelle Tailoring hydrogels into biomimetic templates represents a crucial step to build better in-vitro models but it is to date still challenging. Indeed, these synthetic or natural polymeric networks are often so frail they can’t be processed through standard micro-fabrication. Here, we combine a ultra-violet pattern projector with gas permeable microreactors to control gas, reagents and photon distribution and in fine, the reaction kinetics in space and time. Doing so, enabled a generic chemistry that can structure, liquefy or decorate (locally functionalize) common hydrogels. Altogether these three hydrogel engineering operations form a flexible toolbox that supports the most commonly used hydrogels: i.e. Matrigel, Agar-agar, poly(ethylene-glycol) and poly(acryl-amide). We successfully applied this solution to grow cells into standardized micro-niches demonstrating that it can readily address cell culture challenges such has controlled adhesion on topographical structures, standardization of spheroids or culture on shaped Matrigel

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Tanner-Kaplash, Sonja. "The common heritage of all mankind : a study of cultural policy and legislation pertinent to cultural objects." Thesis, University of Leicester, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/4478.

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Government policy is subject to many influences, which may range from a philosophical position arising from changes in the value systems of a given society, to logistic considerations, such as available methods of implementation and the prevailing economic structure. The value system known as "the common heritage of all mankind" - the long-term global stewardship of natural and man-made resources - is explored in this thesis in the context of cultural policies, specifically those concerning cultural objects. Heritage, linked to the concept of inheritance as a legally protected future interest, is traced in its historical migration from the private sphere to the development of national public assets to an international awareness of global stewardship. Implementing legislation is a salient indicator of cultural policy; the cyclical relationship in which legal precepts internalized by a society from earlier laws become integral to the cycle of policy formulation and application is illustrated, featuring legislation from several States. While the thesis is cast within a particular philosophical framework, practical economic realities are among the most important logistic considerations for government policy development. Illicit activities have been recognized as a major threat to cultural objects in the modern world, in addition, these objects are frequently "luxury goods" for which historically, regulation and taxation have been the rule rather than the exception; the thesis argues for a practical, domestic and economic approach to the problem of protection. This implies control of cultural objects in some form, including the documentation of significant pieces. The thesis conclusions propose that both the responsibilities and associated costs could be defrayed and shared by governments and the private sector by means of a licensing program.

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Westerlund, Tobias. "UnCapitalized Culture: The Struggles for Common Spaces." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Arkitekthögskolan vid Umeå universitet, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-108516.

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On the basis of the on-going transformation of the city of Umeå that is not only happening in parallel with the Cultural Capital year, but is openly and explicitly presented and discussed in relationship with theories of culture-driven growth, this thesis investigates the complexities of these developments and their social, political and spatial impact on the life of Umeå’s inhabitants, as well the urban and architectural strategies involved in the production, staging and branding of ‘culture’. The thesis explores alternative ways of organizing cultures and communities in/of the city that cherishes the commons, collective work and everyone’s opportunities to express themselves creatively, and intervenes directly upon the making of culture in the city, establishing spaces and times to imagine together, and enabling cultural encounters and productions.

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Feigenbaum, Anna. "Tactics and technology: cultural resistance at the Greenham Common Women's Peace Camp." Thesis, McGill University, 2008. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=21921.

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My dissertation examines women's unique techniques and cultures of communication at the Greenham Common Women's Peace Camp in Newbury, England between 1982-1985. Often referred to by participants as one of the "last movements before the internet," I look at Greenham as a site through which to think about how activists' communication and cultural practices in the 1980s shaped activist uses of the worldwide web and other new media technologies central to contemporary struggles. I argue that social movement media such as videos, newsletters, postcards, songs and songbooks both create movement culture at the time of their production, and carry movement ideas and their infrastructures into the future. A story told orally, a songbook, a manifesto, a recorded interview, a picture of a mass demonstration, all circulate across time and space. Through this movement, ideas and artifacts are transformed and incorporated as different people encounter and make meaning out of these cultural texts in different ways. Ma dissertation considère les méthodes uniques de communication de femmes activistes lors du Greenham Common Women's Peace Camp de Newbury, Angleterre, de 1982 à 1985. Greenham, que les participantes ont souvent appelé la première phase des derniers mouvements avant Internet, est un site permettant de penser la communication et les pratiques culturelles aux fins militantes des années 1980, dans un contexte d'usages activistes du Web et autres technologies nouveaux médias cruciales aux débats contemporains. J'affirme que les médias de mouvement social comme la vidéo, le bulletin d'information, les cartes postales, les chansons et les recueils de chansons créent une culture de mouvement au moment de leur production, et amènent ensuite les idées de ces mouvements et de leur infrastructure dans le futur. Une histoire racontée, un recueil de chansons, un manifeste, une entrevue enregistrée, une photo d'une manifestation circulent tous dans le temps et l'espace. À l'aide de cette mobilité, les idées et les artéfacts se transforment et s'incorporent au fur et à mesure que les gens découvrent et donnent différents sens à ces textes culturels.

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Chardeaux, Marie-Alice. "Les choses communes /." Paris : L.G.D.J, 2006. http://www.gbv.de/dms/spk/sbb/recht/toc/515561878.pdf.

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Lunn, David J. "Looking for common ground : aspects of cultural production in Hindi/Urdu, 1900-1947." Thesis, SOAS, University of London, 2012. http://eprints.soas.ac.uk/15640/.

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Aim, Martyn. "Common wealth? : cultural and economic conflicts over nature in Nuu-chah-nulth country." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/14417.

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Relations of power, cosmology and economics come to the fore in conflict over natural resource management in the contemporary nation-state. The ethnographic focus here is on the Nuu-chah-nulth peoples of western Canada, who have been engaged in the politics of treaty negotiation and the ecological management of their traditional territories for many years. This has given rise to conflict between Nuu-chah-nulth, as well as between Nuu-chah-nulth and various groups of non-Aboriginal others. Competing ideologies and economies impact on Nuu-chah-nulth communities and restrict their ability to access natural resources. Combined with high unemployment, a history of colonial oppression, and social marginalisation, this is leading to social dysfunction and debilitated communities. I examine the effects of colonial and more recent government policies, arguing that these have maintained a systematic repression of Nuu-chah-nulth cultures and livelihood, with a consequently high negative impact on the well-being of Nuu-chah-nulth communities.

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Fang, Xuan. "Commonsense and nonsense, a cultural-philosophical adventure in Alice's wonderland." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2009. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B43223989.

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Yacouba, Sam. "L’inventaire du patrimoine culturel materiel en danger au Burkina Faso, un outil de protection: le cas de la commune de Koudougou au debut du XXIème siecle." Master's thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/30157.

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A questão do património cultural em perigo encontra-se no centro de acessos debates desde há largas décadas. A isso se devem as inúmeras ameaças que tememos que o façam desaparecer, mesmo sabendo se trata de testemunhos privilegiados para o conhecimento e para a promoção da história sociocultural, económica e política das diferentes comunidades. Nos países pobres como o Burkina Faso, a situação do património cultural em perigo é bastante crítica devido à falta de recursos humanos, financeiros e materiais necessários para combater tal realidade e particularmente pela falta de informação sobre o assunto. Assim, de acordo com inúmeros especialistas, uma das medidas fundamentais de proteção deste património passa pelo efetivo conhecimento que apenas será possível através da elaboração de um inventário. Efetivamente, o inventário é um meio indireto, no entanto eficaz, para assegurar, de forma adequada, a proteção do património cultural em perigo, na medida em que contribui para tomar medidas idóneas para a sua proteção através do seu melhor conhecimento: localização, número, estado físico, ameaças… Assim, o trabalho de inventário realizado no município de Koudougou sobre património cultural edificado permitiu verificar que existem bens culturais em comprovada situação de perigo e bens culturais em situação semelhante de acordo com os termos da UNESCO. Além disso, os principais fatores que colocam o património cultural numa tal situação devem-se, essencialmente, a ações humanas; RESUME: La question du patrimoine culturel en danger est au centre de vifs débats depuis quelques décennies. Cela est dû surtout aux nombreuses menaces qui risquent de le faire disparaître alors qu’il renferme des témoins privilégiés pour la connaissance et la promotion de l’histoire socio-culturelle, économique, politique des différentes communautés. Dans les pays pauvres comme le Burkina Faso, la situation du patrimoine culturel en danger est très critique en raison du manque de ressources humaines, financières et matérielles nécessaires pour s’en occuper et particulièrement du manque d’information à son sujet. Or, selon de nombreux spécialistes, l’une des mesures fondamentales de protection de ce patrimoine culturel passe par sa connaissance effective qui ne peut se faire qu’à travers un inventaire. En effet, l’inventaire reste un moyen indirect mais efficace pour assurer, de manière adéquate, la protection du patrimoine culturel en danger dans la mesure où il contribue à la mise en place de mesures idoines pour sa protection à travers sa meilleure connaissance : localisation, nombre, état physique, menaces… Ainsi, le travail d’inventaire réalisé dans la commune de Koudougou au sujet du patrimoine culturel bâti a permis de voir qu’il existe des biens culturels en situation de péril prouvé et des biens culturels en situation de mise en péril selon les termes de l’Unesco. De plus, les principaux facteurs qui mettent en danger ce patrimoine culturel sont dues essentiellement aux actions anthropiques; ABSTRACT: The question of endangered cultural heritage has been a hotly debated issue for some decades. This is mainly due to the many threats that may make it disappear while it contains privileged witnesses for the knowledge and promotion of the socio-cultural, economic and political history of the different communities. In poor countries like Burkina Faso, the endangered cultural heritage situation is very critical because of the lack of human, financial and material resources to deal with it and particularly the lack of information about it. According to many specialists, one of the fundamental measures for protecting this cultural heritage is its effective knowledge, which can only be done through an inventory. In fact, the inventory remains an indirect but effective means of ensuring, in an appropriate way, the protection of endangered cultural heritage insofar as it contributes to the implementation of appropriate measures for its protection through its better knowledge: localization, number, physical state, threats ... Thus, the inventory work carried out in Koudougou commune on built cultural heritage has shown that there is cultural property in a situation of peril proved and cultural property in jeopardy under the terms of the Unesco. In addition, the main factors that endanger this cultural heritage are mainly due to human actions.

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Lunk, Bettina. "MySpace or OurSpace a cross-cultural empirical analysis of MySpace comments /." Cleveland, Ohio : Cleveland State University, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=csu1208805281.

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Thesis (M.Ap.C.T. & M.)--Cleveland State University, 2008. Abstract. Title from PDF t.p. (viewed on May 8, 2008). Includes bibliographical references (p. 100-111). Available online via the OhioLINK ETD Center. Also available in in print.

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Dyer, Cruzado Edward Alexander. "Una historia de desconfianza : el precedente constitucional a través del análisis cultural de derecho." Bachelor's thesis, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2014. http://tesis.pucp.edu.pe/repositorio/handle/123456789/5666.

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Imagine un sistema legal en el que se reconozca que la jurisprudencia constitucional es fuente de Derecho y que como tal, debe ser respetada no solo por todos los jueces, sino por todos los funcionarios y órganos del Estado. Imagine además, que en este sistema legal la corte que emite los precedentes cuenta con la potestad de seleccionar qué sentencias merecen el carácter de precedentes vinculantes y cuáles no. Por si fuera poco, dicho sistema legal, preocupado por generar seguridad jurídica al milímetro, concibe la parte vinculante del precedente como un instrumento que se expresa bajo la fórmula de una regla claramente delimitada, elegida por la misma corte que dicta el precedente. Los mecanismos para hacer cumplir el precedente constitucional de este sistema legal son muy rígidos y por lo tanto eficaces. No solo se conmina a los jueces a seguir cabalmente las reglas generales que contienen la parte vinculante del precedente constitucional, sino que se castiga con nulidad a las sentencias que, habiendo adquirido carácter de cosa juzgada, no siguieron el contenido vinculante del precedente. Incluso, se han establecido normas administrativas de sanción dirigidas a aquellos jueces que desobedecen el precedente constitucional, que pueden conducir a la destitución de dichos magistrados. Imagine ahora un segundo sistema legal en el cual la discusión acerca de si la jurisprudencia es una fuente de Derecho o no, resulta irrelevante. En este segundo sistema legal los casos considerados precedentes son usados como argumentos que acompañan a las pretensiones de las partes, manteniéndose abiertos a la interpretación que el juez crea conveniente aplicar. Imagine también, que en este sistema legal un precedente es dejado de lado inmediatamente si una ley dictada por el Parlamento postula el sentido contrario de lo que dicta el precedente judicial. Respecto a las sanciones, este segundo sistema legal no cuenta con una disposición normativa que obligue a los jueces a fundamentar con razones claras y prolijas las sentencias que expiden. Por supuesto, en este sistema legal tampoco se conoce de ninguna norma administrativa que sancione –y menos destituya- a ningún juez por no seguir un precedente específico, ni siquiera el de la Corte Suprema. Tesis

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Messias, Claudio. "Duas décadas de educomunicação - da crítica ao espetáculo." Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/27/27154/tde-24032012-102952/.

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O modo como educadores, comunicadores e profissionais ou pesquisadores ad-vindos das mais variadas áreas do conhecimento concebem a Educomunicação nascida no espaço da pesquisa na Universidade de São Paulo é essencial para a legitimação desta nova área da ciência. São agentes que inter-relacionam os campos da comunicação e da educação, agem intervindo em espaços da educação formal, não-formal e informal, transformam sujeitos que estão em fase cognitiva e alteram realidades em uma sociedade permanentemente impactada pela tecnologia. A práxis de tais educomunicadores, quando analisada, mostra que este conhecimento constituído é, ao mesmo tempo, saber popular e saber científico. Ou seja, a Educomunicação anterior à fase de sua legitimação continua a ocorrer sem que seus fundamentos sejam atribuídos a parâmetros e paradigmas. Surgem, daí, outras nomenclaturas para o mesmo processo que reúne senso comum e saber científico. O ponto de referência para isso são as pesquisas desenvolvidas a partir do Núcleo de Comunicação e Educação da Escola de Comunicações e Artes da USP que reuniram, em dissertações e teses, conteúdo teórico basilar para que o conceito de Educomunicação fosse constituído, no final dos anos 1990, como campo científico emergente. Nos anos que se seguiram essas reflexões iniciadas na pesquisa empírica passaram a fazer parte de projetos desenvolvidos em quase todos os Estados brasileiros. Pesquisadores da inter-relação comunicação/educação relacionavam, assim, suas práticas à Educomunicação conceituada pela ECA/USP, transformavam tais experiências em relato científico e apresentavam o resultado em papers inscritos nos congressos nacionais anuais da Intercom. Esse movimento de adesão ao conceito provoca situações em que (1) as mais variadas experiências de produção midiática em escolas são atribuídas à Educomunicação e (2) práticas que correspondem aos preceitos do novo campo da Educomunicação conceituado pela USP são denominadas de outras maneiras por seus autores, como, por exemplo, comunicação/educação, mídia-educação, mídia educativa, educomídia, entre outros pseudônimos. O posto, contudo, de campo científico legitimado, com regras e tensões internas, próprias, é da Educomunicação, que em 2011 dá nome a dois cur-sos de graduação, na USP e na Universidade Federal de Campina Grande/PB. São conclusões de uma investigação científica edificada nos métodos qualitativos e quantitativos, resultado do debruçar sobre os bancos de dados (a) do Programa de Pós-graduação da ECA/USP, onde estão as dissertações e teses que focaram o objeto da inter-relação comunicação/educação, e (b) da Intercom, cujos congressos nacionais anuais reuniram o que foi produzido e atribuído à Educomunicação e outras nomenclaturas que concebem igual objeto. Isso tudo compreendido no espaço-tempo de duas décadas, desde os ensaios do conceito, suas críticas internas e externas, até o espetáculo da reprodução. The way how educators, communicators, and professionals and researchers of the most varied fields of knowledge understand Educommunication brought up in the field of research at Universidade de São Paulo is essential for the legitimacy of that new field of science. They are agents who interrelate the fields of communication and education, they act intervening in spaces of formal, non-formal and informal education, transforming subjects who are in cognitive phase and change realities in a society permanently impacted by technology. When analyzed, the praxis of such educommunicators, shows that such knowledge is at the same time composed of popular knowledge and scientific know how. That is, the Educommunication previous to its legitimacy phase continues to be carried out without attributing its principles to parameters and paradigms. Thus, from that condition other terminologies arise for the same process which combines common sense and scientific know how. The reference points for that are the researches developed at Núcleo de Comunicação e Educação of Escola de Comunicações e Artes at USP which collects dissertations and theses, comprising basic theoretical content so that the Educommunication concept was developed at the end of the 1990s, as an emerging scientific field. Some years later such reflections, starting from empiric researches, became part of the projects developed in almost all the Brazilian states. Researchers into the communica-tion/education interrelationship reported their practices to the Educommunication ap-praised by ECA/USP, they changed such experiences into scientific report and presented their results in papers produced for intercom annual national congresses. Such an adherence movement to the concept brings about situations in which (a) the most varied experiences in media production in schools are assigned to Educommunication and (b) practices corresponding to the precepts of the new field of Educommunication appraised by USP are called otherwise by authors as, for example, communication/education, media-education, educative media, educomedia, among other pseudonyms. However, the condition of legitimized scientific field, with its own rules and internal tensions, is the one called Educommunication, which in 2011 assigns names to two graduate courses, at USP and at Universidade Federal de Campina Grande/PB. These are some conclusions drawn from scientific research based on qualitative and quantitative methods, resulted from databank enquiry into (1) Graduate Study Program at ECA/USP, in which one collects dissertations and theses focusing on the subject of the communication/education interrelationship, and (2) intercom, whose annual national congresses have collected what has been produced, and assigned to Educommunication and other similar terminologies which deal with the same subject. All that comprised into the space-time of two decades, from essays on the concept, its internal and external criticism to the reproduction show.

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Guerrero, Maria Brenda. "Toward an Experimental Analysis of a Competition between Cultural Consequences." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2020. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1707249/.

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The exponential growth of the human population has contributed to the overuse and degradation of common pool resources. Using science as a tool for informed policy-making can improve the management of our common pool resources. Understanding the conditions that influence groups of individuals to make ethical self-controlled choices may help solve problems related to the overuse and degradation of common pool resources. Ethical self-control involves the conflict of choice between one that will benefit the individual versus one that will benefit the group. The cumulative effect of many individuals behaving in an ethically self-controlled manner with common resource use may offset some of the harm posed by overuse of common pool resources. Metacontingency arrangements involving ethical self-control may provide some insight as to if and how groups may cooperate to manage a common pool resource. This manuscript proposes an experimental preparation and methodology to evaluate the effects of competing magnitudes of cultural consequences on culturants and their cumulative effect on common pool resources; and provides an analysis and discussion of five trends that might result from such a line of research.

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Wennerholm, Anita. "Comment traduire les phènomenes culturels? : Analyse des adaptations pragmatiques et sémantiques d'un blog." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för språk (SPR), 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-52238.

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Abstract This paper is the comment and analysis of the translation of twelve articles in a book with the title Dessine-moi un Parisien by Olivier Magny, originally written as a blog in English on internet, but after huge success also recently published in French. It is a creative, expressive and communicative text, which is fun and often ironic when it tries to describe the nature of a native Parisian. As all texts appear in a cultural context, it is part of the translator’s work to adapt the translated text into the new cultural context in which it will appear. This is especially difficult when a cultural phenomenon (expressed by proper nouns, proverbs, idioms etc.) in the source culture doesn’t even exist in the target culture or, if there is an equivalent translation, is associated with a different connotation. The aim of this paper is to analyze whether it is possible to translate a text full of local cultural references, by using the many pragmatic and semantic strategies and tools proposed in Konsten att översätta (Ingo: 2007) while trying to keep to the original functions of the text. Two further strategies, foreignizing and domesticating, have also been of interest as they deal with the basic questions why, when and to what degree one should accomplish all the possible changes in order to adapt the text to the new cultural context. The analysis shows that all the tools have been of great use and that a good translation is possible. To define a suitable strategy in every single situation, the importance of the pragmatic and the semantic meaning have guided us. It further shows that the situation in which the sentence appears is the most important, even though there is another obvious translation. It has also been possible to endeavor ourselves to obtain some “French color” that is so important for the style in the original blog. Keywords: cultural adaptations, equivalences, cultural phenomenon, foreignizing, domesticating

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Peneranda, Adrien. "Commons et management public du patrimoine culturel à l'ère numérique : étude de cas de production et de diffusion des données culturelles sur des plateformes libres par les villes de Toulouse, Brest et Monmouth." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AIXM1102.

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L'objet de ce travail doctoral en management public porte sur des projets de partage des connaissances des institutions publiques et culturelles avec les citoyens. Ces projets sont menés par l'intermédiaire de coopérations avec des communautés en ligne gérant des plateformes web appelées Commons. Le mouvement de mise à disposition en libre-accès des données publiques, plus connu sous le nom d'open data, est un phénomène qui s'est accru avec la généralisation de l'informatique dans les administrations et la mise en réseau des ordinateurs avec Internet. Bien que les textes légaux prévoyaient dès 1978 la réutilisation de ces données par les citoyens, de nombreux usages innovants restent à expérimenter, parmi lesquels ceux portant sur la réutilisation des données culturelles. L'objectif de cette recherche est d'explorer les modalités de collaboration autour de ces données entre les organisations publiques et les communautés open source et open média afin de dégager des principes d'ingénierie de système qui soient applicables à des projets relevant de cette catégorie et ainsi offrir une « carte de navigation » de ce nouveau champ d'expérimentation aux managers publics. La finalité de cette thèse en sciences de gestion est ainsi l'étude de la constitution de communs culturels numériques à partir de plateformes libres de gestion des communs de la connaissance The objective of this research is to understand the logic of collective action which contributes to create value through usage for public intangibles goods like cultural intangible heritage and public data. These informational resources are shared today between public institutions and civil society through innovating and unexplored Public-Private partnerships with open source communities. This doctorate project aims to identify the design principles and governance processes of inter-organizational information systems which enhance cooperation between actors and add a usage value to the intangibles hold by the state

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Souza, Anielson dos Santos. "Manejo cultural da mamoeira: Ãpoca de plantio, irrigaÃÃo, espaÃamento e competiÃÃo de cultivares." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2007. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=1373.

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CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeiÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel Superior A mamoneira Ã uma planta oleaginosa arbustiva, e o Ãleo de suas sementes possui inÃmeras aplicaÃÃes industriais. Contudo, na atualidade tem-se dado Ãnfase ao seu emprego na produÃÃo de combustÃvel renovÃvel (biodiesel). O que reveste a cultura de grande importÃncia econÃmica e ambiental. Desse modo, foram conduzidos dois ensaios experimentais durante os anos de 2003, 2004 e 2005, com o objetivo de avaliar o comportamento da mamoneira cultivada em diferentes Ãpocas, espaÃamentos e sob condiÃÃes irrigadas e de sequeiro. Os trabalhos foram conduzidos na Fazenda Experimental Vale do Curu, que pertence ao Centro de CiÃncias AgrÃrias da Universidade Federal do CearÃ. No primeiro experimento a mamoneira cv. âBRS 149 Nordestinaâ foi semeada em quatro Ãpocas, combinadas com dois regimes de irrigaÃÃo. No segundo experimento, foram testadas duas cultivares (BRS 149 Nordestina e Mirante 10) semeadas em trÃs espaÃamentos e em duas Ãpocas distintas. Verificou-se que a antecipaÃÃo da semeadura para janeiro de 2004 com o uso da irrigaÃÃo promoveu incrementos na produtividade de grÃos e no nÃmero de racemos por planta, os quais possuem maior tamanho, peso e nÃmero de frutos. A suplementaÃÃo hÃdrica foi mais vantajosa no inÃcio do crescimento da cultura do que apÃs o tÃrmino da estaÃÃo chuvosa. As sementes dos racemos secundÃrios e terciÃrios possuem maior teor de Ãleo e massa de sementes. No experimento de 2005 foram obtidos os seguintes resultados: a Ãpoca de plantio associada Ã irrigaÃÃo promoveu aumentos da altura da planta, do nÃmero de ramos laterais e do nÃmero de internÃdios, alÃm de retardar o florescimento e aumentar a produtividade de grÃos. O nÃmero de racemos e de frutos por racemo reduziu com o plantio de sequeiro. Os racemos que mais contribuÃram com a produtividade total foram os secundÃrios seguidos dos terciÃrios. A cv. Nordestina apresentou maior massa e teor de Ãleo das sementes do que a cv. Mirante 10. Em mÃdia sob condiÃÃes irrigadas a massa das sementes aumentou, independente do espaÃamento ou da cultivar utilizada. Por outro lado, a antecipaÃÃo do plantio associada Ã irrigaÃÃo reduziu o teor de Ãleo das sementes. The castor bean is an oil seed crop, and the oil present in the seeds has several industrial applications. Recently it has been suggested to be used as a renewable fuel (Biodiesel). As a consequence the crop has assumed a relevant ecological and economic importance. Two field studies were conducted in 2003, 2004 and 2005, with the objective of evaluating the behavior of castor bean grown at different times and spacing and under irrigated and rainfed conditions. The experiments were carried out at the "Fazenda Experimental do Vale do Curu", belonging to the Universidade Federal do CearÃ, Brazil. In the first experiment the castor plant cv. BRS 149 Nordestina was sown at four different times of planting combined with two irrigation regimes. In the second experiment, two cultivars were evaluated (BRS 149 Nordestina and Mirante 10) seeded in three plant spacing and two different times. Irrigation was more profitable at the beginning of the cycle, prior the rain season than at the end of the rain period, at the end of the plant growth cycle. The combination of the anticipation of the sowing in January of 2004 with the use of irrigation promoted increments in the seed yield and number of racemes for plant and higher weight and number of fruits per raceme. Irrigation yielded better results when was associated with the earliness of planting, as compared with application of water at the end of the raining season. The seeds of the secondary and tertiary racemes possessed greater oil content and seeds weigh. When sowed in December of 2003 the primary racemes produced very light seeds. In the experiment of 2005 the following results were observed: the combination of anticipation of sowing with irrigation promoted increases of the height of the plant, number of lateral branches and the number of internodes, delayed flowering and increased grain yield. Under rain red conditions the number the number of fruits per raceme was reduced. Secondary racemes were responsible for the higher proportion of total seed yield, followed by the tertiary racemes. The cv. BRS 149 Nordestina showed higher seed weigh and oil content. Under irrigation condition the weigh of the seeds increased, independent of the spacing or cultivar used. The early planting associated with the irrigation practice reduced the oil content of the seeds.

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Souza, Anielson dos Santos. "Manejo cultural da mamoneira: Ãpoca de plantio, irrigaÃÃo, espaÃamento e competiÃÃo de cultivares." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2007. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=1428.

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CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeiÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel Superior A mamoneira Ã uma planta oleaginosa arbustiva, e o Ãleo de suas sementes possui inÃmeras aplicaÃÃes industriais. Contudo, na atualidade tem-se dado Ãnfase ao seu emprego na produÃÃo de combustÃvel renovÃvel (biodiesel). O que reveste a cultura de grande importÃncia econÃmica e ambiental. Desse modo, foram conduzidos dois ensaios experimentais durante os anos de 2003, 2004 e 2005, com o objetivo de avaliar o comportamento da mamoneira cultivada em diferentes Ãpocas, espaÃamentos e sob condiÃÃes irrigadas e de sequeiro. Os trabalhos foram conduzidos na Fazenda Experimental Vale do Curu, que pertence ao Centro de CiÃncias AgrÃrias da Universidade Federal do CearÃ. No primeiro experimento a mamoneira cv. âBRS 149 Nordestinaâ foi semeada em quatro Ãpocas, combinadas com dois regimes de irrigaÃÃo. No segundo experimento, foram testadas duas cultivares (BRS 149 Nordestina e Mirante 10) semeadas em trÃs espaÃamentos e em duas Ãpocas distintas. Verificou-se que a antecipaÃÃo da semeadura para janeiro de 2004 com o uso da irrigaÃÃo promoveu incrementos na produtividade de grÃos e no nÃmero de racemos por planta, os quais possuem maior tamanho, peso e nÃmero de frutos. A suplementaÃÃo hÃdrica foi mais vantajosa no inÃcio do crescimento da cultura do que apÃs o tÃrmino da estaÃÃo chuvosa. As sementes dos racemos secundÃrios e terciÃrios possuem maior teor de Ãleo e massa de sementes. No experimento de 2005 foram obtidos os seguintes resultados: a Ãpoca de plantio associada Ã irrigaÃÃo promoveu aumentos da altura da planta, do nÃmero de ramos laterais e do nÃmero de internÃdios, alÃm de retardar o florescimento e aumentar a produtividade de grÃos. O nÃmero de racemos e de frutos por racemo reduziu com o plantio de sequeiro. Os racemos que mais contribuÃram com a produtividade total foram os secundÃrios seguidos dos terciÃrios. A cv. Nordestina apresentou maior massa e teor de Ãleo das sementes do que a cv. Mirante 10. Em mÃdia sob condiÃÃes irrigadas a massa das sementes aumentou, independente do espaÃamento ou da cultivar utilizada. Por outro lado, a antecipaÃÃo do plantio associada Ã irrigaÃÃo reduziu o teor de Ãleo das sementes. The castor bean is an oil seed crop, and the oil present in the seeds has several industrial applications. Recently it has been suggested to be used as a renewable fuel (Biodiesel). As a consequence the crop has assumed a relevant ecological and economic importance. Two field studies were conducted in 2003, 2004 and 2005, with the objective of evaluating the behavior of castor bean grown at different times and spacing and under irrigated and rainfed conditions. The experiments were carried out at the "Fazenda Experimental do Vale do Curu", belonging to the Universidade Federal do CearÃ, Brazil. In the first experiment the castor plant cv. BRS 149 Nordestina was sown at four different times of planting combined with two irrigation regimes. In the second experiment, two cultivars were evaluated (BRS 149 Nordestina and Mirante 10) seeded in three plant spacing and two different times. Irrigation was more profitable at the beginning of the cycle, prior the rain season than at the end of the rain period, at the end of the plant growth cycle. The combination of the anticipation of the sowing in January of 2004 with the use of irrigation promoted increments in the seed yield and number of racemes for plant and higher weight and number of fruits per raceme. Irrigation yielded better results when was associated with the earliness of planting, as compared with application of water at the end of the raining season. The seeds of the secondary and tertiary racemes possessed greater oil content and seeds weigh. When sowed in December of 2003 the primary racemes produced very light seeds. In the experiment of 2005 the following results were observed: the combination of anticipation of sowing with irrigation promoted increases of the height of the plant, number of lateral branches and the number of internodes, delayed flowering and increased grain yield. Under rain red conditions the number the number of fruits per raceme was reduced. Secondary racemes were responsible for the higher proportion of total seed yield, followed by the tertiary racemes. The cv. BRS 149 Nordestina showed higher seed weigh and oil content. Under irrigation condition the weigh of the seeds increased, independent of the spacing or cultivar used. The early planting associated with the irrigation practice reduced the oil content of the seeds.

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29

Souza, Anielson dos Santos. "Manejo cultural da mamoeira: época de plantio, irrigação, espaçamento e competição de cultivares." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFC, 2007. http://www.repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/1436.

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SOUZA, Anielson dos Santos. Manejo cultural da mamoeira: época de plantio, irrigação, espaçamento e competição de cultivares. 2007. 212f. Tese(Doutorado em Agronomia/Fitotecnia)- Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, 2007. Submitted by Maria Naires Souza (marianaires@ufc.br) on 2011-12-14T19:18:15Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2007-tese-assouza.pdf: 3708337 bytes, checksum: 8a0849964f1af7ab1f4571f54d31c396 (MD5) Approved for entry into archive by Aline Nascimento(vieiraaline@yahoo.com.br) on 2011-12-19T14:51:01Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2007-tese-assouza.pdf: 3708337 bytes, checksum: 8a0849964f1af7ab1f4571f54d31c396 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2011-12-19T14:51:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2007-tese-assouza.pdf: 3708337 bytes, checksum: 8a0849964f1af7ab1f4571f54d31c396 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-03-27 The castor bean is an oil seed crop, and the oil present in the seeds has several industrial applications. Recently it has been suggested to be used as a renewable fuel (Biodiesel). As a consequence the crop has assumed a relevant ecological and economic importance. Two field studies were conducted in 2003, 2004 and 2005, with the objective of evaluating the behavior of castor bean grown at different times and spacing and under irrigated and rainfed conditions. The experiments were carried out at the "Fazenda Experimental do Vale do Curu", belonging to the Universidade Federal do Ceará, Brazil. In the first experiment the castor plant cv. BRS 149 Nordestina was sown at four different times of planting combined with two irrigation regimes. In the second experiment, two cultivars were evaluated (BRS 149 Nordestina and Mirante 10) seeded in three plant spacing and two different times. Irrigation was more profitable at the beginning of the cycle, prior the rain season than at the end of the rain period, at the end of the plant growth cycle. The combination of the anticipation of the sowing in January of 2004 with the use of irrigation promoted increments in the seed yield and number of racemes for plant and higher weight and number of fruits per raceme. Irrigation yielded better results when was associated with the earliness of planting, as compared with application of water at the end of the raining season. The seeds of the secondary and tertiary racemes possessed greater oil content and seeds weigh. When sowed in December of 2003 the primary racemes produced very light seeds. In the experiment of 2005 the following results were observed: the combination of anticipation of sowing with irrigation promoted increases of the height of the plant, number of lateral branches and the number of internodes, delayed flowering and increased grain yield. Under rain red conditions the number the number of fruits per raceme was reduced. Secondary racemes were responsible for the higher proportion of total seed yield, followed by the tertiary racemes. The cv. BRS 149 Nordestina showed higher seed weigh and oil content. Under irrigation condition the weigh of the seeds increased, independent of the spacing or cultivar used. The early planting associated with the irrigation practice reduced the oil content of the seeds. A mamoneira é uma planta oleaginosa arbustiva, e o óleo de suas sementes possui inúmeras aplicações industriais. Contudo, na atualidade tem-se dado ênfase ao seu emprego na produção de combustível renovável (biodiesel). O que reveste a cultura de grande importância econômica e ambiental. Desse modo, foram conduzidos dois ensaios experimentais durante os anos de 2003, 2004 e 2005, com o objetivo de avaliar o comportamento da mamoneira cultivada em diferentes épocas, espaçamentos e sob condições irrigadas e de sequeiro. Os trabalhos foram conduzidos na Fazenda Experimental Vale do Curu, que pertence ao Centro de Ciências Agrárias da Universidade Federal do Ceará. No primeiro experimento a mamoneira cv. “BRS 149 Nordestina” foi semeada em quatro épocas, combinadas com dois regimes de irrigação. No segundo experimento, foram testadas duas cultivares (BRS 149 Nordestina e Mirante 10) semeadas em três espaçamentos e em duas épocas distintas. Verificou-se que a antecipação da semeadura para janeiro de 2004 com o uso da irrigação promoveu incrementos na produtividade de grãos e no número de racemos por planta, os quais possuem maior tamanho, peso e número de frutos. A suplementação hídrica foi mais vantajosa no início do crescimento da cultura do que após o término da estação chuvosa. As sementes dos racemos secundários e terciários possuem maior teor de óleo e massa de sementes. No experimento de 2005 foram obtidos os seguintes resultados: a época de plantio associada à irrigação promoveu aumentos da altura da planta, do número de ramos laterais e do número de internódios, além de retardar o florescimento e aumentar a produtividade de grãos. O número de racemos e de frutos por racemo reduziu com o plantio de sequeiro. Os racemos que mais contribuíram com a produtividade total foram os secundários seguidos dos terciários. A cv. Nordestina apresentou maior massa e teor de óleo das sementes do que a cv. Mirante 10. Em média sob condições irrigadas a massa das sementes aumentou, independente do espaçamento ou da cultivar utilizada. Por outro lado, a antecipação do plantio associada à irrigação reduziu o teor de óleo das sementes.

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30

Graham, Michael Richard. "Remembering the commune : historiography and popular culture /." Title page, table of contents and introduction only, 2004. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09AR/09arg7381.pdf.

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31

Chabot, Cecil. "Cannibal Wihtiko: Finding Native-Newcomer Common Ground." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/33452.

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Two prominent historians, David Cannadine and Brad Gregory, have recently contended that history is distorted by overemphasis on human difference and division across time and space. This problem has been acute in studies of Native-Newcomer relations, where exaggeration of Native pre-contact stability and post-contact change further emphasized Native-Newcomer difference. Although questioned in economic, social and political spheres, emphasis on cultural difference persists. To investigate the problem, this study examined the Algonquian wihtiko (windigo), an apparent exemplar of Native-Newcomer difference and division. With a focus on the James Bay Cree, this study first probed the wihtiko phenomenon’s Native origins and meanings. It then examined post-1635 Newcomer encounters with this phenomenon: from the bush to public opinion and law, especially between 1815 and 1914, and in post-1820 academia. Diverse archives, ethnographies, oral traditions, and academic texts were consulted. The cannibal wihtiko evolved from Algonquian attempts to understand and control rare but extreme mental and moral failures in famine contexts. It attained mythical proportions, but fears of wihtiko possession, transformation and violence remained real enough to provoke pre-emptive killings even of family members. Wihtiko beliefs also influenced Algonquian manifestations and interpretations of generic mental and moral failures. Consciously or not, others used it to scapegoat, manipulate, or kill. Newcomers threatened by moral and mental failures attributed to the wihtiko often took Algonquian beliefs and practices seriously, even espousing them. Yet Algonquian wihtiko behaviours, beliefs and practices sometimes presented Newcomers with another layer of questions about mental and moral incompetence. Collisions arose when they discounted, misconstrued or asserted control over Algonquian beliefs and practices. For post-colonial critics, this has raised a third layer of questions about intellectual and moral incompetence. Yet some critics have also misconstrued earlier attempts to understand and control the wihtiko, or attributed an apparent lack of scholarly consensus to Western cultural incompetence or inability to grasp the wihtiko. In contrast, this study of wihtiko phenomena reveals deeper commonalities and continuities. They are obscured by the complex evolution of Natives’ and Newcomers’ struggles to understand and control the wihtiko. Yet hidden in these very struggles and the wihtiko itself is a persistent shared conviction that reducing others to objects of power signals mental and moral failure. The wihtiko reveals cultural differences, changes and divisions, but exemplifies more fundamental commonalities and continuities.

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32

Pretti, Lucas Farinella [UNESP]. "Poéticas do comum: reflexões sobre arte gestada coletivamente nos espaços informacionais da cidade de São Paulo." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/151349.

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Submitted by LUCAS FARINELLA PRETTI (lucaspretti@gmail.com) on 2017-08-21T12:34:05Z No. of bitstreams: 1 PRETTI-Lucas_Poeticas-do-comum_dissertacao_2017.pdf: 113580276 bytes, checksum: 24deea22c23370d4dbbc6c002a47181f (MD5) Approved for entry into archive by Luiz Galeffi (luizgaleffi@gmail.com) on 2017-08-23T14:35:35Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 pretti_lf_me_ia.pdf: 113580276 bytes, checksum: 24deea22c23370d4dbbc6c002a47181f (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2017-08-23T14:35:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 pretti_lf_me_ia.pdf: 113580276 bytes, checksum: 24deea22c23370d4dbbc6c002a47181f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-06-29 Este trabalho analisa o conceito de commons digital, originado no campo da cibercultura, no contexto de ações artísticas produzidas nos últimos anos na cidade de São Paulo. Valendome principalmente das teorias de Antonio Negri, Nicolas Bourriaud, Guy Debord e Gilles Lipovetsky, parto da retomada do “comum” como valor intrínseco à sociedade informacional, sigo com sua análise nos campos da arte pública e artemídia para, enfim, classificar cinco aspectos das poéticas do comum (p. 118), a partir de três modelos de casos: BaixoCentro (2012), Pimp My Carroça (2012) e Piscina no Minhocão (2014). Por fim, apresento os primeiros resultados da ação Terrenos Apaixonantemente Objetivos, que aplica a ideia do comum à deriva situacionista, e detalho a concepção e desenvolvimento do Derivoscópio, obra integrante da ação, um aparato vestível construído com hardware e software livres. This work analyzes the concept of digital commons, originated in the field of cyberculture, in the context of artistic actions produced in the last years in the city of Sao Paulo, Brazil. Based primarily on the theories by Antonio Negri, Nicolas Bourriaud, Guy Debord and Gilles Lipovetsky, I start from the resumption of the “common” as an intrinsic value to the Information Society to proceed with its analysis in the fields of Public Art and New Media Art. Then, I classify five aspects of the poetics of the common (p. 118), based on three case models: BaixoCentro (2012), Pimp My Carroça (2012) and Piscina no Minhocão (2014). Lastly, I present the first results of the artwork Objective Passional Terrains, which applies the concept of the common to the situationist drift, detailing the design and development of the Driftscope, a wearable apparatus built with free hardware and software, as part of that artwork.

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33

Bright, Garfield R. Jr. "Towards a Common Center: Locating Common Characteristics of African Centeredness in an Independent African Centered Learning Environment." Digital Archive @ GSU, 2012. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/aas_theses/10.

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As a culturally relevant alternative to traditional public school environments, Independent African Centered schools feature a particular type of culturally relevant pedagogy. This study explored the teachers’ and administrator’s perceptions and applications of African Centered pedagogy in an African Centered school. Interviews, observations and a document review served as the source of data for this study. This basic interpretive study utilized a qualitative research design to explore the perceptions and application of African Centeredness among the participants. An analysis of the data revealed categories and themes related to the school’s mission and the participants’ perceptions and performance of African-centered pedagogy. Three general conclusions were drawn from the findings. Implications for theory, study limitations and recommendations for future research are provided.

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34

Koskie, Timothy Benjamin. "Mapping Moderation: Cultural Intermediation Work and the Field of Journalism in Online Newsrooms." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/18809.

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This study investigates the work of moderating and managing audience comments in two Australian online news organisations to find how their staff conceive, practice, value, and develop these new intermediary duties. Using a Bourdieusian analytical framework, it examines whether these work roles operate as new forms of cultural intermediation in news production and how they are influenced by ‘the field of journalism’, which comprises journalism’s power relations, norms, logics and history. Using interviews and participant observation, this study comprehensively documents the distinct objectives, tasks and practices of comment moderators and community managers, as well as identifying the people, aspects of social and cultural capital, and organisational systems that have influenced their approaches to the work. The study demonstrates that comment moderation and management work culturally intermediate between the organisation, readers, and commenters as fringe producers, with a focus on communicating the organisation’s vision for comment sections. However, it finds a distinction between the tasks and workplace status of comment moderators and community managers and reveals prioritisation’s importance in shaping discussions’ flow and tenor. The field of journalism significantly influences this work, as workers with journalism experience evaluated comments based on their contribution or adherence to journalistic values. Participants’ field alignment also affected how they moderated comments or managed their community, with most comparing their comment sections and practices to those of other prominent journalistic organisations. These results show the need for more development of cultural intermediation strategies and techniques to enable online news organisations to build constructive commenting communities while communicating their editorial values.

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35

Schillinger, Stephen. "Common representations : Jack Straw and literary history as cultural history on the early modern stage /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/9363.

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36

Stainforth, Thorfinn Christopher. "Sailing alone : a historical-cultural explanation why Denmark has not introduced the European common currency." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/5628.

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Denmark is the only country that is participating in the European Exchange Rate Mechanism (ERM-II), but intending to stay out of the European Monetary Union (EMU). The country meets all of the criteria for membership in the euro, is denying itself the potential benefits, political and economic, of full membership, yet has effectively surrendered control over its own monetary policy. This "halfway" policy is not easy to explain according to many academic approaches, including small state theory, realist politics, and liberal economics. Academics have attempted to explain the reasons for the rejection of the euro, breaking down into four main theories, three of which focus on the referendum results which led to the Danish public's rejection of the euro. They are, "Second Order" theories, which explain the referendum outcomes as tangential to the population's actual feelings on E M U or European integration; "Values Oriented" theories which explain the results based on the values and beliefs of the Danish electorate; "Utilitarian" theories which explain the rejections from a self-interested, utilitarian assessment of voting patterns. And a fourth school sees the referendum results as red herrings, believing that deeper structural or economic factors have shaped the country's policy. This paper attempts to form a synthesis of the first three schools, extrapolating on the "Values Oriented" theories, to explain the popular rejection, but elite support for EMU. The historical cultural argument, which has been developed in the historical field, and has been used with regard to some other areas of Danish euroscepticism, explains the contradiction. Ultimately, the Danish no-votes, and abstention from full participation in the E M U stem from the deeply rooted Danish political traditions of Grundtvigian egalitarian smallness and anti-elitism. The ambivalence, and apparent contradiction of the "half-in" policy stems from the eroding importance of these political traditions as a result of globalization and europeanization, as the political elite embraced the European project. This break down of political traditions represents the first significant shift in Danish political culture since the Second World War.

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37

Soleille, Laidebeur Marie-Lavande. "Façonner le local et le mondial : ethnographie du processus d'inscription des beffrois sur la Liste du patrimoine mondial de l'UNESCO." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2023. https://nuxeo.u-bourgogne.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/3bd60b74-e5ad-4faf-ad79-35915b59d1a0.

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Ce voyage anthropologique, au plus près de l'inscription des beffrois sur la Liste du patrimoine mondial de l'UNESCO, s'attache à décrire comment les acteurs locaux s'emparent d'une catégorie patrimoniale et la confrontent aux réalités locales, aux institutions nationales et aux organismes internationaux. A travers les actions de justification et de mise en conformité d'une valeur qualifiée d'universelle, s'élabore un processus de « tissage/maillage » (Ingold), de « traduction » (Latour) qui redéfinit les sites, les territoires et les manières de faire. Le patrimoine mondial, étudié à partir de 2003, est un concept mouvant, symbolique, performatif et problématique. Le local se retrouve "mis en registre" par des procédures qui aboutissent à un ajout scriptural sur une liste cumulative. Cette ethnographie, étayée par des comparaisons, montre qu’au-delà des procédures, cet enregistrement induit un processus de transformation. La méthodologie a étroitement rapproché l’observatrice de l'action. Elle l’entraîne dans les mouvements de mise en circulation d'êtres, d’idées, d’objets et de valeurs interrogées par les débats autour du Patrimoine Culturel Immatériel. Cette position offre les conditions d’une analyse des enjeux, portés par les acteurs, autour des enregistrements patrimoniaux… et des effacements.Le vœu exaucé et les beffrois exhaussés sont célébrés par des rites. Ils conditionnent l'entrée dans une nouvelle société qui localise le mondial et mondialise le local. Une série de contradictions travaillent le réel. La valeur universelle se confronte à la valeur marchande ; la propriété universelle se heurte à l'exploitation des sites ; la mise en accessibilité induit une distanciation ; la fixation des critères se mêle à la circulation des objets ; l'éphémérisation évènementielle se conjugue à la transmission de l'histoire de l'humanité ; la mise en commun accélère une privatisation ; la coopération se mute en compétition ; l'exceptionnel s'invite à la table du quotidien. Les beffrois, nés de l'ostentation de l'autonomie communale, de la concrétisation des libertés acquises face à un autre pouvoir, portent désormais une valeur universelle. Cette opération, prise dans les concurrences territoriales, professionnelles, institutionnelles, navigue entre guerre et paix, partage et marchandisation, intérêts généraux et intérêts privés. Les transformations concomitantes du mondial et du local posent la question de fond de ce qui est commun à l'humanité. Des communes aux communs, l'exemple des beffrois révèle la fabrique contemporaine du rapport à l'espace-temps, et interroge l'usage de l’universel This anthropological travel, as close as possible to the inscription of the belfries on the UNESCO World Heritage List, seeks to describe how local actors seize on a heritage category and confront it with local realities, institutions national and international organizations. Through the actions of justification and bringing into conformity of a value described as universal, a process of "weaving/mesh" (Ingold), of "translation" (Latour) is developed which redefines the sites, territories and ways of doing. World heritage, studied from 2003, is a moving, symbolic, performative and problematic concept. The local finds itself "registered" by procedures which result in a scriptural addition to a cumulative list. This ethnography, supported by comparisons, shows that beyond the procedures, this recording induces a process of transformation. The methodology brought the observer closer to the action. It involves the movements of circulation of beings, ideas, objects and values questioned by the debates around the Intangible Cultural Heritage. This position offers the conditions for an analysis of the issues, raised by the actors, around heritage recordings... and deletions.The wish granted, the belfries raised are celebrated by rites which condition the entry into a new society. This process localizes the global and globalizes the local. A series of contradictions shapes the real. Universal value confronts market value; universal ownership comes up against the exploitation of sites; accessibility leads to distancing; the fixing of criteria mingles with the circulation of objects; the ephemeralization of events is combined with the transmission of the history of humanity; pooling accelerates privatization; cooperation turns into competition ; the exceptional invites itself to the daily table. The belfries, born of the ostentation of municipal autonomy, of the concretization of the freedoms acquired in the face of another power, now carry a universal value. This operation, caught up in territorial, professional, and institutional competition, navigates between war and peace, sharing and commodification, general interests and private interests. The concomitant transformations of the global and the local make one ask this fundamental question: "What is common to the whole of humanity ? ». From municipalities to commons, the example of belfries reveals the contemporary fabric of the relationship to space-time, and questions the use of the universal

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38

Eberhardt, Sophie. "Entre France et Allemagne, de la ville ancienne à la Neustadt de Strasbourg : la construction du regard patrimonial." Thesis, Lyon 3, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LYO30004/document.

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L’héritage de Strasbourg s’est construit dans le contexte particulier d’une ville frontalière, dans laquelle différentes influences, principalement française et germanique, ont contribué à forger un caractère singulier. Pourtant, les valeurs conférées à cet ensemble ne sont pas déterminées uniquement par le champ restrictif des considérations nationales. Depuis le Second Empire jusqu’à aujourd’hui, elles ont sans cesse évolué, en particulier depuis les décennies suivant la Seconde Guerre mondiale. Notre étude vise à faire état de la construction et de l’évolution des valeurs de l’héritage et du patrimoine de Strasbourg, et en particulier du quartier de la Neustadt, conçu et mis en œuvre pendant la période de l’annexion allemande (1871-1918) lorsque la ville devient la capitale du Reichsland d’Alsace-Lorraine. La période de l’étude s’ouvre à partir des années 1840, au moment du premier inventaire des monuments historiques et d’un grand effort de modernisation et d’embellissement par la Municipalité, et va jusqu’à aujourd’hui, à l’heure où la Neustadt suscite un intérêt croissant tant de la part des institutions locales et régionales, du milieu scientifique, que de la population.Dans ce but, ont été mobilisées les sources permettant d’éclairer ces phénomènes : procès-verbaux du conseil municipal, archives de la commission municipale des Beaux-arts, archives du service régional des Monuments historiques, manuels et revues spécialisés en urbanisme et architecture, les histoires de Strasbourg, les guides et récits de voyage ainsi que la presse quotidienne.Dans cette thèse, l’héritage est considéré comme « l’ensemble des aménagements anthropiques légués, subsistant en tout ou partie », et le patrimoine correspond à « la partie qu’on considère digne de conservation, de restauration et de mise en valeur » (Gauthiez, 2006, p. 126).Les recherches mettent en évidence que les valeurs de l’héritage et du patrimoine bâtis de Strasbourg se fondent pour une part sur les discours portés sur ces objets, mais aussi sur des silences. Ces discours et silences sont nourris de fortes considérations idéologiques liées aux doctrines et pratiques du patrimoine en France et en Allemagne, et d’ordre nationaliste. D’abord héritage méconnu, « étranger », puis patrimoine « hyper-valorisé » illustrant des influences croisées entre France et Allemagne, le patrimoine de la Neustadt se fonde également sur des conflits et le dépassement d’idéologies tout au long du XXe siècle, jusqu’à conduire à une candidature à l’inscription sur la Liste du patrimoine mondial de l’Unesco.Une autre part des valeurs de l’héritage et du patrimoine s’inscrit dans un substrat régional et local fort et la continuité des acteurs. Un décalage apparaît nettement dans certains cas entre les pratiques patrimoniales et les discours liés à ces pratiques. Les projets peuvent ainsi se poursuivre au-delà des changements d’appartenance nationale sans nécessairement que la continuité soit revendiquée. Le fort substrat régional et local a également participé de la construction d’une dimension mythologique de l’héritage et du patrimoine qui a favorisé cette cohérence (Barthes, 1957).Force est de constater également que les valeurs de l’héritage et du patrimoine dépendent en grande partie de leur état de connaissance dans les sphères institutionnelle et administrative, scientifique et de la population. Le fait que l’héritage des trois premiers quarts du XIXe siècle de Strasbourg fasse aujourd’hui l’objet d’une sous-valorisation est le résultat du manque d’intérêt porté également au sein de la sphère scientifique.L’approche choisie permet de dépasser les pratiques actuelles dans l’étude de l’architecture et de l’urbanisme en prenant mieux en compte les discours sur l’héritage bâti et en incluant des aspects anthropologiques, symboliques, politiques, sociologiques et culturels, pour exposer la construction du regard patrimonial The heritage of Strasbourg was built within the context of a boundary city, in which different influences, mainly French and German, have contributed to forge a singular character. Nonetheless, the values attributed to the site are not only determined by the restrictive field of national considerations. From the Second Empire to nowadays, they have continually evolved, and especially since the decades following the Second World War. Our study aims at explaining the construction and evolution of heritage values of Strasbourg, mainly those of the Neustadt, conceived and built during the German annexation (1871-1918), when Strasbourg became the capital of the Reichsland Elsass-Lothringen. The period of study opens during the 1840s, when the first inventory of historical monuments was created and a program of modernisation and embellissement was carried out by the City authorities. It stretches until nowadays, when the Neustadt is arousing increasing interest from the local and regional institutions, in the scientific field and among the population. Diverse sources have been exploited during researches: Municipal Council’s minutes, archives of the Municipal Council of Fine-Arts, archives of the Regional Office for Historical Monuments, handbooks and periodicals in architecture and urban planning, histories of Strasbourg, guides and trips narrations, and the press. In the thesis, « Héritage » is conceived as the « ensemble of anthropic construction inherited, partly or completely subsisting », and « Patrimoine » as « the part of heritage identified worthy of conservation, restoration, and valorisation ». (Gauthiez, 2006, p. 126).Firstly, the researches have revealed that the values of heritage of Strasbourg are founded, for one part, on the discourses hold on these objects, as well as on the silences. These discourses and silences are nourished by strong ideological considerations linked to doctrines and practices in the heritage field in France and in Germany. Originally unknown, then considered as « foreign » and finally as heritage « hyper-valorised » illustrating the crossed-influences between France and Germany, the heritage of the Neustadt is founded on conflicts and ideological overtaking all along the XXth century. Nowadays, Unesco World Heritage inscription is envisaged for the Neustadt.Secondly, it appeared that another part of the values of heritage is inscribed within the strong regional substrate and the continuity of actors. A discrepancy appeared when comparing the discourses and practices. Projects are in some case continued beyond the national changes. The important regional substrate has also allowed the construction of a mythological dimension to heritage (Barthes, 1957), and has strengthened the coherence in the urban landscape.Thirdly, the values of heritage rely for a large part on the knowledge within the institutional and administrative spheres, the scientific field, and among the population. The fact that the heritage of the first quarters of the XIXth century of Strasbourg is today under-valorised is the result of a lack of interest within the academic field. The approach selected allows overtaking the current practices in the study of architecture and urban planning by better taking into account the discourses on heritage and by including anthropological, symbolical, political, sociological and cultural aspects, so as to expose the construction of heritage gaze (regard patrimonial)

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Girard, Fabien. "Essai sur la preuve dans son environnement culturel." Grenoble, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010GREND010.

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Liberté et légalité de la preuve, accusatoire et inquisitoire, vérité matérielle et vérité formelle. Telles sont les classifications du juriste français, autour desquelles se construit, depuis plusieurs dizaines d’années, une solide théorie de la preuve. Les avancées technologiques, si elles ont soulevé de nouvelles questions, ont montré la vigueur de l'édifice. Le droit français de la preuve fait cependant face, depuis quelque temps, à un phénomène de mondialisation du droit. Dans ce nouvel espace, que les systèmes de Common Law ont su investir pleinement, la doctrine française constate peut-être mieux aujourd'hui qu'hier, la relativité de ses typologies, leur insuffisance face à des objets nouveaux. Sans doute est-ce le sens qu'il faut donner à quelques travaux récents qui ont replacé la preuve dans son environnement culturel. Cette étude se propose de poursuivre l'ouvrage en montrant combien l'organisation de l'Etat et du pouvoir judiciaire, en France, a contribué à façonner le système probatoire et lui a donné une forme cohérente en l'orientant vers la recherche de la vérité matérielle. C'est un modèle probatoire dit "hiérarchique" (géré par un Etat fort) qui se dessine alors, confirmée, par l'étude de trois systèmes de Common Law : le droit américain, le droit anglais et le droit canadien. Sous cette nouvelle lumière, qui expose suffisamment la phase de définition de l'objet de la preuve et celle de recherche et d'appréciation des preuves, on saisit la singularité du système probatoire français, ses évolutions internes, mais aussi les phénomènes d'acculturation qu'exercent sur lui la logique probatoire des droits de Common Law que promeut aujourd’hui la CEDH A solid theory of proof has been built, for some decades now, around a theoretical framework well known to French jurists. Free proof and legal proof, accusatorial model and inquisitorial model, practical truth and substantial proof, preponderance of evidence and intime conviction provide the backbone of that framework. Scientific advancements have shown the robust nature of the framework, despite raising new questions. French law will nevertheless have to face the new challenge of the globalization of law, based on Common Law systems. The hegemony of Common Law systems compels French doctrine to face the subjectivity of its own typology. This might explain the publication of various pieces of work looking to very different perspectives in the search of cultural significance of the Law of Evidence. In the wake of those new pieces, the aim of this work is to show that the Law of Evidence is deeply connected with the organization of the French State and its judicial institutions. This organization has created a coherent system, probatory in nature, aimed at finding material proof. This probationary model is referred to as hierarchical (strong State) and will be confirmed by the study of three Common Law models: American Law, English Law and Canadian Law. This study will cast a light on the phases of definition of facts open to proof or disproof, the fact-finding process and the appreciation of the relevancy and the weight of evidence and will help in the understanding of the singularity of the French model, its internal evolution and the pressure of acculturation forces applied by the probationary logic of the Common Law model, such as the one promoted by the ECHR

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Bernon, Marie-Laure. "Représentations sociales de la culture dans les petites communes de région Centre : Une étude comparative d'Issoudun à Vendôme et Châteaudun." Thesis, Orléans, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ORLE1148.

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Concevoir la culture comme représentation sociale met en perspective les travaux de la sociologie despratiques culturelles en éclairant leurs liens à un univers de sens et de valeurs. Les composantesconnotatives qui la structurent à Issoudun constituent les modalités par lesquelles elle devient un outilde positionnement social.Les usages sociaux différenciés de la culture sont analysés par la distance des acteurs à la culturecultivée, d’abord définie par l’appartenance professionnelle. Intégrée dans le système culturel local, lareprésentation de la culture rend compte de rapports sociaux de force qui structurent la société locale,marquée par le poids de l’acteur politique. La cohérence des liens unissant les représentations etpratiques culturelles montre l’existence de modes de vie spécifiques de groupe. L’observation deperturbations dans la superposition de l’espace des pratiques culturelles et des positions socialessouligne la force de la dimension subjective des hiérarchies culturelles : c’est à ce niveau, plutôt qu’àcelui des pratiques, que s’expriment les différences sociales.Les effets de localité, alliant dimensions urbaines et rurales, sur les façons de penser la cultures’expriment particulièrement dans les discours politiques. Les conceptions différenciées de la culture àIssoudun, Vendôme et Châteaudun sont mises en oeuvre selon des modes et des intensités variablesd’intervention dans le champ culturel local. Les usages politiques de la culture mettent enfin en évidencel’élaboration de figures originales de la ruralité au service de l’élaboration d’une identité urbainespécifique, notamment à travers la fête Social representation of culture is interesting for a sociology of culture by putting in perspective theknowledge about cultural practices with their values and meanings for individuals. Different elementsallow an identification of a social representation in Issoudun, which is used in various ways by socialactors.The different uses of the notion of culture depend on occupation in general, and in the local system ofculture, in which political actors weight heavily in small cities. The relations between cultural practicesand representations underline different ways of life. Local factors of social representations are alsodescribed, specifically regarding the socioeconomic profile of the local population and the rural contextof the cities. The results show that the main expression of social differences stays rather on a mindlyperspective than on a practical one.The impact of rural context on social representation of culture appears mainly in political speeches. Thepolitical way to think the cultural phenomenon in rural spaces leads to specific actions which allow toidentify different types of cultural policies. In this way, culture is also used to revalue the idea of ruralityto build a new cultural identity of the city

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Caris, Andrade Rodrigo. "Biodegration of commonly used plasticizers by pure bacterial cultures." Thesis, McGill University, 2012. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=106606.

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Di-(2-ethylhexyl) adipate, diethylene glycol dibenzoate and dipropylene glycol dibenzoate are commonly used plasticizers, but also known contaminants when they are released into the environment. Studies involving growing the common soil bacterium Rhodococcus rhodochrous and the yeast Rhodotorula rubra in the presence of the plasticizers and an additional carbon source have shown that these compounds are partially degraded, the breakdown products are toxic metabolites and some of them resist further degradation.In order to observe if the degradation pathway and the fate of the metabolites produced are similar in other microorganisms, and if the additional carbon source is needed for the degradation to occur, the plasticizers listed above were added to several different strains of common soil bacteria after they had been grown to the stationary phase and all of the hexadecane provided as a carbon source had been used.It was found that all of the selected bacteria were able to degrade the studied plasticizers, even though there was no additional carbon source available. Degradation was found to be much more extensive in the case of di-(2-ethylhexyl) adipate compared to the dibenzoates. The biodegradation pathway for these compounds was found to be the same as proposed in the previous work using an additional carbon source and the same metabolites were detected. In particular, the most toxic and recalcitrant metabolites (2-ethylhexanol, 2-ethylhexanoic acid, diethylene glycol benzoate and dipropylene glycol benzoate) were observed, and generally, accumulation occurred, although partial degradation was detected in some cases.This work proved that an additional carbon source is not needed for the biodegradation of the chosen plasticizers to happen, and that the biodegradabilities and pathways observed for Rhodococcus rhodochrous and Rhodotorula rubra is extensive to a wider range of common soil bacteria. L'adipate de di-(2-éthylhexyle), le dibenzoate de diéthylène-glycol et le dibenzoate de dipropylène-glycol sont des plastifiants d'usage commun identifiés comme contaminants environnementaux. Des études de biodégradation de ces plastifiants, effectuées avec la bactérie Rhodococcus rhodochrous et la levure Rhodotorula rubra en présence d'une source additionnelle de carbone, ont montré que ces molécules sont partiellement biodégradés. Cette biodégradation mène à la formation de métabolites toxiques, dont certains sont persistants. L'objectif de cette thèse de maitrise était de déterminer si le mécanisme de biodégradation et la nature des métabolites formés sont transférables à d'autres microorganismes et d'évaluer le rôle de la source additionnelle de carbone dans cette biodégradation. Pour ce faire, les plastifiants mentionnés ci-dessus ont été ajoutés à des cultures pures de différentes bactéries communément présente dans le sol, et ce, lorsque ces cultures ont atteint la phase stationnaire et que la source additionnelle de carbone, l'héxadécane, ait été totalement consommée. L'ensemble des bactéries étudiées a démontré un potentiel de biodégradation des plastifiants testés, et ce, même en absence d'une source additionnelle de carbone. Un niveau plus élevé de biodégradation a été observé dans le cas de l'adipate de (2-éthylhexyle) que dans ceux des dibenzoates. Les mécanismes de biodégradation observés ici en absence d'une source additionnelle de carbone sont comparables à ceux rapportés dans la littérature en présence d'héxadécane. Les métabolites formés étaient également les mêmes et bien que seulement une biodégradation partielle ait été observée, la formation des métabolites les plus récalcitrants et toxiques (2-éthylhexanol, acide 2-éthylhexanoïque, benzoate de diethylène glycol et benzoate de dipropylène glycol) a mené à une certaine accumulation.Cette thèse de maitrise démontre qu'une source additionnelle de carbone n'est pas nécessaire pour que la biodégradation de ces plastifiants ait lieu et que la biodégradabilité ainsi que les mécanismes de biodégradation publiés antérieurement ne sont pas spécifiques aux microorganismes Rhodococcus rhodochrous et Rhodotorula rubra et s'étendent plutôt à divers types commun de bactéries. Ces résultats suggèrent une biodégradation probable de ces plastifiants dans l'environnement.

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Meyer, Abel Hermanus. "Common values and competitiveness within a corporate culture and performance model." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/52167.

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Thesis (MBA)--Stellenbosch University, 2001. ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The utilisation of human capital and its impact on organisational performance must rank as one of the key managerial concerns III South Africa. The message from international competitive studies is clear: corporations become competitive when people and practices change. The global market has exposed the lack of competitive strength and effectiveness of South African corporations. Against this background, managing complex organisations in the private and public sector remains a daunting, pervasive and urgent task. By focusing on issues of organisational behaviour and global competitiveness, the study aims to contribute to the development of competitive (effective) corporations in South Africa. It is important to keep in mind that the present investigation was an exploratory study attempting to add to the body of knowledge about competitiveness. It aimed to enhance existing studies on global competitiveness and organisational effectiveness and open up possibilities for new management strategies and interventions as well as further research. In particular, it builds on previous work on the impact of organisational behaviour on performance. An extremely important development in the study of corporate culture has been proof that that the normative structure (corporate culture) has a significant impact on the performance of an organisation. Because of this impact, corporate culture has to be regarded as one of the key success factors in any corporation. Corporate culture is however no end in itself, but must be regarded as a hermeneutical key (interpretative) to corporate performance. The success of the corporation takes precedence over all other aspects of the organisation, even over its culture. The framework of corporate culture and competitiveness links patterns of behaviour and management practices with underlying assumptions, beliefs and values. It provides a clear description of the integrative mechanisms and dimensions of corporate culture and the way in which they impact on competitiveness. These behavioural factors are key determinants of organisational performance because of the close link between patterns of behaviour and underlying core values and beliefs. The model also defines the elements (people, change, projects, control) that need to be managed, as well as the traits (adaptability and innovation, mission, involvement, consistency) of the culture which determines the performance of the corporation. In terms of the corporate culture and competitiveness framework, the management activity of developing a set of common or core values is therefore a good starting point for any culture intervention strategy aimed at enhancing competitiveness (performance). A shared system of beliefs, values and symbols widely understood by an organisation's members has a positive impact on their ability to reach consensus and carry out coordinated actions. This impact, as well as the nature of the culture of the corporation has to be understood by everybody in the organisation. It also has to assist them in making sense of corporate life in such a manner that it creates opportunities for everyone to impact on the performance of the corporation. AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die bestuur van menslike hulpbronne en die impak daarvan op organisatoriese prestasie is een van die kern bestuursvraagstukke in Suid-Afrika. Die internasionale boodskap oor mededingendheid is duidelik. Organisasies se mededingendheid verander wanneer mense en praktyke verander. Oor die algemeen vaar Suid-Afrikaanse organisasies redelik swak in die internasional mark weens 'n gebrek aan kompeterendheid en effektiwiteit. Dit is duidelik dat in hierdie lig, die bestuur van komplekse organisasies 'n uitdagende ontwykende maar dringende uitdaging aan bestuur is. Deur op organisatoriese gedrag en internasionale kompeterendheid te fokus, poog die studie om 'n bydrae te maak tot die ontwikkeling van kompeterende (effektiewe) organisasies in Suid-Afrika. Dit is belangrik om in gedagte te hou dat die studie van ondersoekende aard was en om daardeur verdere insig in kompeterendheid te verkry. Dit poog om by bestaande studies oor internasionale kompeterendheid en organisatoriese doeltreffendheid aan te sluit ten einde nuwe bestuursintervensies en strategië te ontwikkel en terselfdertyd rigting vir verdere navorsing aan te dui. Dit bou in besonder op vorige studies oor die impak van organisatoriese gedrag op doeltreffendheid. 'n Belangrike ontiwkkeling in die studie van korporatiewe kultuur was die bevinding dat die normatiewe struktuur (korporatiewe kultuur) 'n insiggewende impak op die prestasie van organisasies het. As gevolg van hierdie verhouding, moet korporatiewe kultuur as een van die sleutel sukses faktore in enige organisasie beskou word. Korporatiewe kultuur bly egter altyd slegs 'n middel tot die bereiking van doelwitte en nooit as die doel self nie. Dit moet daarom beskou word as 'n hermeneutiese (verklarende) sleutel tot organisatoriese doeltreffendheid. Die prestasie van enige organisasie moet voorkeur geniet bo all ander aspekte van die organisasie, selfs die korporatiewe kultuur. Die raamwerk van korporatiewe kultuur en doeltreffendheid verklaar die interaksie tussen die onderafdelings van kultuur en die organisasie se doeltreffendheid. Die aannames, oortuigings en waardesisteme van 'n organisasie vorm die basis van 'n stel bestuurspraktyke en gedragspatrone. Hierdie gedragspatrone is sleutelfaktore tot organisasie doeltreffendheid as gevolg van die noue verband tussen die gedrag en die onderliggende waardesisteem. Die raamwerk identifiseer die elemente (mense, verandering, projekte en kontrole) as die elemente wat bestuur moet word, sowel as vier meganismes (betrokkenheid, aanpasbaarheid en vernuwing/innovasie, konsekwentheid en doelgerigtheid/rigtingaanwysing) van kultuur wat die doeltreffendheid van die organisasie bepaal. Korporatiewe kultuurintervensie strategië, gemik op prestasieverbetering, behoort in terme van die korporatiewe kultuur en doeltreffendheidsraamwerk by die ontwikkeling van 'n stel gedeelde of kernwaardes te begin. 'n Gedeelde sisteem van oortuiginge, waardes en simbole wat deur alle lede van die organisasie verstaan en aanvaar word, sal 'n sterk en positiewe uitwerking op die vermoë om konsensus en gekoordineerde optrede te bereik, hê. Hierdie uitwerking asook die aard van die kultuur van die organisasie moet deur almal in die organisasie verstaan word. Dit moet hulle ook in staat stel om die organisasie se keuse van prioriteite te verstaan en daardeur geleenthede vir almal te skep om 'n impak op die doeltreffendheid van die organisasie te hê.

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Munsch, Mathieu. "English as a Lingua Franca in Europe : How is Cultural Diversity Expressed in the Common Tongue?" Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Teologiska institutionen, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-232456.

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This thesis argues against the claim of linguistic and cultural homogenization widely believed to be induced by the spread of English worldwide by looking at how native and non-native speakers alike re-appropriate the perceived model of 'Standard English' to fit the frames of their own culture and to express their own identity. The hypothesis that this thesis builds on is that the language each of us speaks reflects one's own individual background, the communities that one belongs to, and the identity that one wants to convey. As English is assimilated by the people of the world, their cultural diversity is re-expressed through the common language. By looking at the ways in which English is used in a multicultural setting and at the speakers' attitudes towards it, this paper makes a claim for an alternative to the current educational paradigm in refocusing English teaching on its potential for intercultural communication rather than on specific knowledge of Anglo-American cultures. In order to identify the cultural factors that are involved in the production of one's speech in English as a lingua franca situations, the Vienna-Oxford International Corpus of English (VOICE) – a collection of naturally occurring spoken interactions in English – will be used. Close attention will be paid to the communicative strategies that the participants use, to the way their identities are expressed in their speech, to instances of code-switching or to neologisms that they may use, and to the ways in which they accommodate each other whenever communication is not clear.

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Silva, Pollyana Karla da. "Desenvolvimento de protocolo de regeneração e indução in vitro e in vivo de autotetraplóides em mamoneira (Ricinus communis L.)." Universidade Federal da Paraíba, 2010. http://tede.biblioteca.ufpb.br:8080/handle/tede/8011.

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Submitted by Katiane Souza (katyane.souza@gmail.com) on 2016-03-17T14:46:25Z No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 1177130 bytes, checksum: e74f45fd76a0d2bbc5259a38fb6825cb (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-17T14:46:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 1177130 bytes, checksum: e74f45fd76a0d2bbc5259a38fb6825cb (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-03-10 The castor bean plant (Ricinus communis L.) is a diploid specie that have chromosomes in number of 2n=2x=20. The castor bean plantlets are hard to be in vitro regenerated because its recalcitrance requires a good in vitro regeneration protocol. The aim of this work was to develop an in vitro and ex vitro polyploidy induction protocol for castor bean (Ricinus communis). Experiments were conducted in Tissue Culture Laboratory of Agricultural Sciences Center from Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Campus II, Areia – PB. Castor bean seeds of variety E1P17 A/B were utilized. In the 1 experiment, the explants had been inoculated along eight different nutritive mediums of Margara (N5Ca, N30Ca, N30K, N15K, N15Ca, N45K, N5K, N30NH4), in the 2 experiment, in médium N5Ca with 6 sucrose concentrations (0, 1,0, 2,0, 3,0, 4,0 e 5,0%,), in the 3 experiment, the plantlets had being added in Trifluralin solutions with 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 μM concentrations for 16 hours, and in the 4 experiment was applied a Trifluralin solution (10 M), which treatments were T0 (no application), T1 (only one application), T2 (two applications) e T3 (three applications) over the apical meristem of the plantlets. Therefore, based on these experiments results, the conclusion is that it is possible to propagate in vitro castor bean plant utilizing N5Ca medium of Margara and sucrose by 3% had shown the best morphogenetic result. For in vitro induction of the castor bean polyploidy, might be tested less than 10 M concentrations or reduce exposition time for 16 hours; and morphological variations are important at polyploidy plants identification in castor bean plants. A mamoneira (Ricinus communis L.) é uma espécie diplóide com número de cromossomos 2n=2x=20. Suas plântulas são difíceis de serem regeneradas in vitro devido a sua recalcitrância necessita de um bom protocolo de regeneração. O presente trabalho teve o objetivo de desenvolver um protocolo para induzir a poliploidia in vitro e ex vitro na mamona (Ricinus communis). Os experimentos foram conduzidos no Laboratório de Cultura de Tecidos do Centro de Ciências Agrárias na Universidade Federal da Paraíba Campus II na cidade de Areia – PB. Foram utilizadas sementes de mamoneira da variedade E1P17 A/B. No experimento 1, os explantes foram inoculados em oito diferentes de meios nutritivos de Margara(N5Ca, N30Ca, N30K, N15K, N15Ca, N45K, N5K, N30NH4), no experimento 2, em meio N5Ca com 6 concentrações de sacarose(0, 1,0, 2,0, 3,0, 4,0 e 5,0%,), no 3° experimento as plântulas foram colocadas em soluções de Trifluralina nas concentrações de 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 μM por 16h, e no experimento 4 foi aplicado a solução de Trifluralina (10 M) cujos tratamentos foram T0 (sem aplicação), T1 (única aplicação), T2 (duas aplicações) e T3 (três aplicações)sobre o meristema apical das plântulas. Diante dos resultados apresentados nos experimentos pode concluir que é possível propagar mamoneira in vitro utilizando o meio N5Ca de Margara, e sacarose a 3% apresentou melhor resposta morfogênica. Para a indução in vitro de poliplóides de mamoneira deve-se testar concentrações inferiores a 10 M ou diminuir o tempo de exposição de 16 horas; e as variações morfológicas são importantes na identificação de plantas poliplóides em mamoneira.

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Maxson, Brian. "Humanism and the Ritual of Command." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2009. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/6220.

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Machado, Jaqueline Pereira. "Adubação nitrogenada e fosfatada para a cultura da mamona." Universidade Federal de Pelotas, 2008. http://repositorio.ufpel.edu.br/handle/ri/2454.

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Made available in DSpace on 2014-08-20T14:36:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao_Jaqueline_Pereira_Machado.pdf: 305752 bytes, checksum: 916358c1d4f9ebadf63ec2e9cbcd6291 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-12-19 In Brazil, since the colonial period, the culture of castor bean had great economic and social importance, particularly for the Northeast region, due to the differentiated quality of its oil. Recently, with the establishment of the National Program of Production and Use of Biodiesel, its culture began to be stimulated in other regions of the Country, where the lack of research information still is great. The objective of this study was to evaluate the response of castor bean cultivars to the nitrogenous and phosphatic fertilizations in the conditions of the South region of Rio Grande do Sul. The study, comprising two experiments (nitrogenous fertilization and phosphatic fertilization), was carried out in the agricultural harvest of 2007/08, in a Planossolo Háplico (Albaqualf), in the municipality of Pelotas, RS. Two castor bean cultivars ('AL Guarany 2002' and 'Lyra') and five doses (0; 30; 60; 90 and 120 kg ha-1) of N or P2O5 were used, according to the experiment. The effects of the treatments on the nutrition and production of the castor bean were evaluated as well as the fertility of the soil after the harvest. In general, the nitrogenous and phosphatic fertilizations favored the nutritional state of the castor bean. The yield of the culture increased with the use of up to 84 kg ha-1 of N, being the dose of maximum economic efficiency 77 kg ha-1 of N. With regard to the response to phosphorus, the yield of grains increased with the use of up to 156 kg ha-1 of P2O5, for 'AL Guarany 2002', and of up to 90 kg ha-1 of P2O5, for 'Lyra'; the economic doses for these cultivars were, respectively, 134 ha-1 and 78 kg ha-1 of P2O5. The nitrogenous and phosphatic fertilizations promoted increase of the concentration of available phosphorus in the soil. No Brasil, desde o período colonial, a cultura da mamona teve grande importância econômica e social, particularmente para a região Nordeste, em razão da qualidade diferenciada de seu óleo. Recentemente, com o estabelecimento do Programa Nacional de Produção e Uso de Biodiesel, seu cultivo passou a ser incentivado em outras regiões do País, onde a carência de informações de pesquisa ainda é grande. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a resposta de cultivares de mamoneira às adubações nitrogenada e fosfatada nas condições edafoclimáticas da região Sul do Rio Grande do Sul. O estudo, compreendendo dois experimentos (adubação nitrogenada e adubação fosfatada), foi realizado na safra agrícola 2007/08, em um Planossolo Háplico, no município de Pelotas, RS. Foram utilizadas duas cultivares de mamoneira (AL Guarany 2002 e Lyra) e cinco doses (0; 30; 60; 90 e 120 kg ha-1) de N ou de P2O5, de acordo com o experimento. Avaliaram-se os efeitos dos tratamentos sobre a nutrição e produção da mamoneira e sobre a fertilidade do solo após a colheita. De forma geral, as fertilizações nitrogenada e fosfatada favoreceram o estado nutricional da mamoneira. A produtividade da cultura aumentou com o uso de até 84 kg ha-1 de N, sendo a dose de máxima eficiência econômica 77 kg ha-1 de N. Com relação à resposta ao fósforo, a produtividade de grãos aumentou com o uso de até 156 kg ha-1 de P2O5, para a 'AL Guarany 2002', e de até 90 kg ha-1 de P2O5, para a 'Lyra'; as doses econômicas para essas cultivares foram, respectivamente, 134 kg ha-1 e 78 kg ha-1 de P2O5. As adubações nitrogenada e fosfatada promoveram aumento do teor de fósforo disponível no solo.

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47

Tse, Chung Alan. "The introduction of a bilingual legal system in Hong Kong : cross-cultural and cross-linguistic views on transferability and translatability /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1996. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B18597385.

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48

Bueno, André de Oliveira. "Desafio no uso e coleta de conhecimento cultural de aplicações para promover o crescimento da base de conhecimento cultural do OMCS-BR." Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013. https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/547.

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Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-02T19:06:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 5489.pdf: 2144785 bytes, checksum: 5c239d11261b4817f357b24eb40ff8d5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-06-07 Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais We are currently in the third wave of research in the Human Computer Interaction (HCI) area, whose focus is on the context of applications. Technology has been spreading from the workplace to our homes; it becomes part of our everyday lives. Thinking about it, one way of trying to provide this contextualization can be done through culture insertion in applications. However, culture is a very broad concept that encompasses different factors, among them, the common sense, which is a subset of culture consisting of the knowledge we gain in our day-to-day routine activities. Within this context, this work aims to create a new strategy to culturally contextualize an application. Thinking about that, it was created a new module called Cultural Filter that, through the use of a given knowledgebase, filters the stored information to create small cultural contextualized slices according to the profile of the users who will use this application. In this case, information such as age, gender, education level, and geographic location are used in the process of creating these cultural slices. In order to observe the viability of this strategy, an instance of the cultural filter was instantiated using the cultural knowledgebase of project Open Mind Common Sense in Brazil (OMCS-Br). In this case, the filter acts creating cultural slices from the project complete knowledgebase. In the background, this also aims to further the collection of data for this database in question, collecting data generated from the use of these contextualized software. To make this set of cultural filter and knowledge collector accessible to developers and users in general, it was developed an online system that allows any interested person to use the knowledgebase of the project OMCSBr in its applications or, still, just do culturally contextualized searches in the base. We intend to expand access to the Brazilian cultural knowledgebase and make the collection and use of the OMCS-Br knowledgebase operations more flexible, facilitating the development of applications using such a database and, with the filter being part of the OMCS-Br architecture, applications become lighter, closer to the RIA (Rich Internet Application) concept. To achieve the proposed objectives, the OMCS-Br architecture was restructured and expanded. Two new modules have been developed in order to connect with the project API (Application Programming Interface), namely: (i) the Cultural Filter, responsible for performing the filtering in order to retrieve contextual data from the knowledgebase according to the predefined profile and (ii) the Knowledge Collector, responsible for entering collected data through the use of culturally contextualized software into the OMCS-Br project knowledgebase. As a proof of concept, the filter was used in some already existing applications from LIA and, therefore, it was possible to observe the appropriateness of its operation. Atualmente, estamos na terceira onda das pesquisas na area de Interacao Humano Computador (IHC), cujo foco, encontra-se na contextualizacao das aplicacoes. A tecnologia se espalha a partir do local de trabalho para nossas casas, ela passa a fazer parte de nossas vidas cotidianas. Pensando nisso, uma das maneiras de se tentar prover essa contextualizacao se da atraves da insercao de cultura nas aplicacoes. Porem, cultura e um conceito muito amplo que abrange diferentes fatores, dentre eles, o senso comum, que e um subconjunto da cultura composto pelo conhecimento que adquirimos no nosso dia-a-dia. Dentro desse contexto, este trabalho tem como objetivo criar uma nova estrategia de se contextualizar culturalmente uma aplicacao. Para isso, foi modelado um modulo denominado Filtro Cultural que, atraves do uso de uma dada base de conhecimento, filtra as informacoes armazenadas a fim de criar recortes culturais contextualizados de acordo com o perfil dos usuarios que irao utilizar a aplicacao. Neste caso, informacoes como idade, genero, nivel de escolaridade e localizacao geografica sao utilizadas no processo de criacao desses recortes culturais. Com o intuito de observar a viabilidade dessa estrategia, uma instancia do filtro cultural foi implementada utilizando a base de conhecimento cultural do Projeto Open Mind Common Sense no Brasil (OMCS-Br). Neste caso, o filtro atua criando recortes culturais a partir da base completa do projeto. Em segundo plano, almeja-se tambem ampliar a forma de coleta de dados para essa base em questao, coletando os dados gerados a partir do uso desses software contextualizados. Para disponibilizar esse conjunto de filtro e coletor de conhecimento cultural contextualizado aos desenvolvedores e usuarios em geral, foi desenvolvido um sistema online que permite ao interessado utilizar a base de conhecimento do projeto OMCS-Br em aplicacoes ou, entao, apenas realizar consultas culturalmente contextualizadas na base. Com isso, pretendemos ampliar o acesso a base de conhecimento cultural brasileiro e flexibilizar as operacoes de coleta e uso da base de conhecimento do OMCS-Br, facilitando o desenvolvimento de aplicacoes que utilizem tal base e, com o filtro sendo parte da arquitetura do OMCS-Br, as aplicacoes se tornam mais leves, aproximando-se do conceito de RIA (Rich Internet Application). Para alcancar os objetivos propostos, a arquitetura do projeto OMCS-Br foi reestruturada e ampliada. Dois novos modulos foram elaborados, de forma a se conectarem com a API (Interface de Programacao de Aplicativo) do projeto, sendo eles: (i) o Filtro Cultural, responsavel por realizar a filtragem de modo a resgatar dados contextualizados da base de conhecimento de acordo com os dados do perfil definido e (ii) o Coletor de Conhecimento, responsavel por inserir na base de conhecimento do projeto OMCS-Br os dados coletados atraves do uso de softwares culturalmente contextualizados. Como prova de conceito, o filtro foi usado em algumas aplicacoes ja existentes no LIA e, com isso, foi possivel observar a adequacao de seu funcionamento.

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Peneranda, Adrien. "Commons et management public du patrimoine culturel à l'ère numérique : étude de cas de production et de diffusion des données culturelles sur des plateformes libres par les villes de Toulouse, Brest et Monmouth." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Aix-Marseille, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AIXM1102.

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L'objet de ce travail doctoral en management public porte sur des projets de partage des connaissances des institutions publiques et culturelles avec les citoyens. Ces projets sont menés par l'intermédiaire de coopérations avec des communautés en ligne gérant des plateformes web appelées Commons. Le mouvement de mise à disposition en libre-accès des données publiques, plus connu sous le nom d'open data, est un phénomène qui s'est accru avec la généralisation de l'informatique dans les administrations et la mise en réseau des ordinateurs avec Internet. Bien que les textes légaux prévoyaient dès 1978 la réutilisation de ces données par les citoyens, de nombreux usages innovants restent à expérimenter, parmi lesquels ceux portant sur la réutilisation des données culturelles. L'objectif de cette recherche est d'explorer les modalités de collaboration autour de ces données entre les organisations publiques et les communautés open source et open média afin de dégager des principes d'ingénierie de système qui soient applicables à des projets relevant de cette catégorie et ainsi offrir une « carte de navigation » de ce nouveau champ d'expérimentation aux managers publics. La finalité de cette thèse en sciences de gestion est ainsi l'étude de la constitution de communs culturels numériques à partir de plateformes libres de gestion des communs de la connaissance The objective of this research is to understand the logic of collective action which contributes to create value through usage for public intangibles goods like cultural intangible heritage and public data. These informational resources are shared today between public institutions and civil society through innovating and unexplored Public-Private partnerships with open source communities. This doctorate project aims to identify the design principles and governance processes of inter-organizational information systems which enhance cooperation between actors and add a usage value to the intangibles hold by the state

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Griggs, Julian Roger. "Developing cooperative management systems for common property resources : resolving cross-cultural conflict in a west coast fishery." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/29032.

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Conventional approaches to resource management frequently invest authority in the hands of a technical management agency, with the result that the roles of manager and user are often cast in opposition as guardian and villain respectively. This thesis addresses cross-cultural contexts where this problem is exacerbated by the difficulties of communication and where management efforts are often frustrated by conflict. The objectives of the thesis are (i) to analyse the relationship between systems of property rights and systems of resource management, and (ii) to assess the potential for traditional communal property systems to provide a foundation for the cooperative management of local renewable resources held in common. Preliminary chapters set out the theoretical context for this work, tracing the linkage between conventional approaches to resource management and the prevailing western understanding of common property, particularly Hardin's (1968) 'tragedy paradigm'. An analysis of the theoretical challenges to this line of thinking leads to the identification of an alternative, cooperative approach to resource management that builds oh a refined definition of common property and which draws on empirical examples of traditional management systems from around the world. A case-study of the clam fishery on the West coast of Vancouver Island is introduced as an illustrative example of a resource management conflict in a complex setting, beset by a number of problems including a chronic lack of communication and pervasive uncertainty. Using Rein and Schön's concept of 'frames', the dispute is defined in terms of the conflicting perceptions of the many stakeholder groups and from this viewpoint, the present conflict is shown to reflect the characteristic weaknesses of the conventional approach. A solution to this conflict is sought through the the adaptation of the traditional resource use system of the aboriginal inhabitants of the area. By adapting the key characteristics of the traditional system to match the more complex demands of the many stakeholder groups, a set of founding principles is established and a skeleton framework for cooperative management is proposed. It is concluded that the conflict would best be resolved through a process of mediated negotiation that seeks to reduce frame conflict and encourage the growth of cooperation. A number of recommendations are offered that suggest how this process might evolve. On the basis of the findings of the case study, it is concluded that traditional communal property systems can provide a sound foundation for the cooperative management of common property resources but that on the West coast, a number of substantive changes must first come about. In particular there is a need to develop amongst the stakeholder groups a more refined definition of common property and a more refined understanding of its linkage to management systems. There is also an urgent need to close the widening gap between the rapidly changing legal realities of Native rights and the outstanding aboriginal land question on the one hand, and the political and social reality in which many of the stakeholders operate on the other. Finally, it is concluded that cooperative management systems of this type may well be appropriate in many similar resource management and international development contexts but that one principal barrier remains. If western society is unable to overcome the cultural inertia that prevents us from seeing beyond a simple choice of the strictly traditional on the one hand, or the strictly modern on the other, such promising opportunities will be lost. It is argued that this 'traditional/modern' dichotomy must be overcome if more creative and innovative approaches to the management of local renewable resources are to come to fruition. Science, Faculty of Resources, Environment and Sustainability (IRES), Institute for Graduate

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Cultural Commons'

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