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Academic literature on the topic 'Cultural incentive laws'
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Journal articles on the topic "Cultural incentive laws"
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Santos, Eduardo Gomor dos, and Carla Beatriz de Paulo. "GASTOS TRIBUTÁRIOS E RECURSOS ORÇAMENTÁRIOS NAS POLÍTICAS CULTURAIS." Revista Políticas Públicas 18, no. 1 (2014): 111. http://dx.doi.org/10.18764/2178-2865.v18n1p111-124.
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Este trabalho analisa a disponibilização de recursos públicos para as políticas culturais no Brasil. O estudo parte de uma relação intrínseca entre cultura e política, entre formas de ver, viver e pensar o mundo e suas consequências políticas, identificando uma relação umbilical entre cultura e hegemonia em sociedades de classes. Analisa as leis de incentivo via renúncia fiscal, notadamente o mecenato, que apresentam valores anuais próximos ao do orçamento do próprio Ministério da Cultura; e o Programa Cultura Viva, que significou uma importante mudança na lógica da intervenção estatal na temática cultural. Conclui que as leis de incentivo perdem em controle democrático e reproduzem desigualdades regionais, com alta concentração de recursos em São Paulo e no Rio de Janeiro, servindo como instrumento de marketing para grandes corporações. O Programa Cultura Viva, por outro lado, apresenta distribuição mais equitativa de recursos, mas ainda tem orçamento irrisório comparado aos valores captados pelas leis de incentivo.Palavras-chave: Políticas culturais; hegemonia; fundo público; leis de incentivo; Programa Cultura VivaTAX EXPENDITURES AND BUDGETARY RESOURCES ON CULTURAL POLICIESAbstract: This paper analyses the availability of public resources for Brazilian cultural policies. The study comes from an intrinsic relation between culture and politics, between ways of seeing, living and thinking the world and its political consequences, identifying the umbilical link between culture and hegemony in classes societies. Analyses laws based on tax waiver, specifically patronage, which presented annual values similar to the Ministry of Culture budget itself; and Living Culture Program, which represented a significant change in State intervention in cultural themes. It concludes that incentive laws mean losses in democratic control and also reproduce regional inequalities, with higher resources concentration in São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro, acting as marketing tool for large corporations. Living Culture Program, on the other hand, presents a more equality public resources distribution, but is still contemplated with a derisive budget compared to incentive laws.Keywords: Cultural Policies, hegemony, public resources, incentive laws, Living Culture Program.
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Ficheira, Carolina Marques Henriques, and Paula Príncipe. "Contribuições do patrocínio da Petrobras para o campo audiovisual de 1995 a 2007." Diálogo com a Economia Criativa 1, no. 2 (2016): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.22398/2525-2828.1227-41.
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A partir do estudo de caso dos aportes realizados pela Petrobras em patrocínios audiovisuais no período dentre 1995 e 2007, é possível analisar o papel precursor das Leis de Incentivo Federais no desenvolvimento do campo audiovisual. Suas contribuições foram significativas ao setor quando se analisa o quantitativo de filmes patrocinados pela Petrobras e por outras instituições, denotando o estímulo do uso das leis de incentivo à cultura a outros patrocinadores, bem como no desenvolvimento do campo, como ocorre no Rio de Janeiro, que possui o maior PIB criativo de todo o território nacional, e aponta novos agentes e trajetórias no cenário atual. Sponsorship contributions by Petrobras to the audiovisual sector from 1995 to 2007AbstractBeginning with a case study about contributions made by Petrobras to audiovisual sponsorships between 1995 and 2007, it is possible to analyze the pioneering role of the Federal Tax Incentive Laws for the audiovisual sector. Their contributions to the sector were significant when the number of movies sponsored by Petrobras and by other institutions is analyzed, denoting the encouragement for the use of cultural incentive laws to other sponsors as well as the development of the sector, as happens in Rio de Janeiro that holds the highest GDP (Gross National Product) of the entire national territory and points out new agents and routes in the current scenario.
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Xavier, Wescley Silva, and Maria Aparecida Neves Azevedo Baldez. "Lei Municipal de Incentivo à Cultura: Quais os Efeitos Inclusivos e Democráticos na Produção Cultural Local?" Organizações & Sociedade 28, no. 97 (2021): 294–316. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1984-92302021v28n9702pt.
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Abstract This paper aims to analyze the inclusive and democratic effects of municipal cultural incentives law in Cataguases, Minas Gerais, fundamentally considering the promotion of citizenship and identity preservation based on cultural production. Data were collected through non-structured interviews with Cataguases cultural producers and analyzed according to a Marxist notion of discourse. Our findings revealed that approved purposes lead to a form of centralization on cultural production at the local level, characterized by the concentration of resources on established groups and the detachment from historically marginalized groups. Moreover, this scenario is aggravated when complementary cultural actions are transferred to the city’s cultural foundations, reinforcing the distinctive character of culture.
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Barkov, Sergey A., and Michael Scharpf. "INSTITUTIONAL CONTEXTS OF LABOUR MARKETS’ DEVELOPMENT IN RUSSIA AND GERMANY." Moscow State University Bulletin. Series 18. Sociology and Political Science 25, no. 2 (2019): 40–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.24290/1029-3736-2019-25-2-40-65.
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The institutional context of labour market development synthesizes both direct impact factors (government regulation and relevant laws) and specific institutions — traditions, behavior stereotypes, and cultural features. The article compares several institutional aspects of the labour markets in Russia and Germany. The main feature of the Russian labour market is distinguished out: low unemployment rate and simultaneously very low wages. In fact, the most important incentive for Russians is the fear of losing their jobs and becoming unemployed. A significant factor of direct impact, determining the differences of these markets, is the amount of unemployment benefits. This factor is the reason for the presence or absence of parasitic attitudes in the society, in particular, among migrants staying in the country. The various models of market relations that have developed by this time in the two countries have determined the degree of market freedom from state influence. In general, in Germany, the market and employee-employer relations are more controlled by the state. At the same time in Russia the most important priority of the government agencies has become financial efficiency. It often comes into conflict with social efficiency, and sometimes with common sense. The institutional context of the labour market is formed not only by the market itself and the bodies regulating it. It is influenced by socio-economic and cultural phenomena associated with different spheres of life. In this regard, the authors focused on the pre-school institutions’ availability and operation mode, as well as on the degree of state support for small businesses.
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Freitas, Fernanda Cardoso Romão, Fabiane Domingues de Magalhães de Almeida, and Alcides Garcia Junior. "HISTORICAL HERITAGE AND SUSTAINABLE URBAN DEVELOPMENT: CHALLENGES IMPOSED ON OWNERS AND MANAGERS OF LISTED HISTORICAL BUILDINGS IN THE CITY OF SÃO PAULO." Journal on Innovation and Sustainability RISUS 11, no. 4 (2021): 23–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.23925/2179-3565.2020v11i4p23-35.
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The worldwide concern regarding sustainable urban development has been increasing as the populations of countries increase and demand more consumption of the already scarce natural resources. According to the United Nations, it is estimated that 55% of the world population lives in urban centers, with the perspective of surpassing 68% in 2050. In Brazil, 84% of the population today live in the cities. One of the goals of sustainable development is to make cities more sustainable and inclusive and, to accomplish such goal, many variables need to be accomplished, among which is the strengthening of efforts to protect and safeguard cities’ cultural heritage, for the present and future generations. Seeing as São Paulo is the 10th urban city in the world, and its historical heritage preservation policies are recent and in the process of being outlined, this research strives to answer: What are the main challenges identified by owners/managers of listed historical buildings in São Paulo, which stand in the way of conserving/preserving their properties? Results revealed that the main challenges are a lack of knowledge about what interventions can be done to the property, lack of knowledge on incentive laws and more feasible ways for the conservation of historical sites and dealing with excessive bureaucracy. Such results contribute to the implementation of urban development policies focused on the sustainable goal of safeguarding the city’s cultural heritage, in order to propitiate advancements in preserving the memory and identity of the city through the conservation of properties listed as historical heritage.
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Yu, Ke, and Colin Darch. "The drivers of creativity and innovation in copyright discourse: a value chain analysis across cultural industries." Queen Mary Journal of Intellectual Property 10, no. 3 (2020): 321–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4337/qmjip.2020.03.03.
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We build on the well-established critique, primarily in the US literature, of the following assumptions: (1) copyright protections serve to incentivise creativity; (2) copyright is designed with such incentivisation as its primary purpose; and (3) a standardized set of copyright protections should ideally be applicable to all forms of cultural production, across all situations in all countries. These assumptions lead to two fundamental conceptual flaws in much current copyright policy discourse: (1) it conflates concepts such as incentive, reward, and recognition; (2) it is nomothetic in character insofar as the existing structural and procedural diversity of the different cultural industries that it governs is inadequately acknowledged. Our critique in this article is not, therefore, a general one, but is limited to a specific theory of copyright, which pretends that copyright is an incentive to creativity while the evidence indicates that it is not. We highlight the importance of taking account of the whole ‘creativity value chain’ in the different industries with their various components – the creator, the copyright holder, the distributor, and the market. Drawing on case studies of three creative industries: literary writing, film, and fashion, we demonstrate that not only is there currently considerable heterogeneity among these industries, but that there has also been heterogeneity within each industry at different periods and in different contexts. We argue that this flexibility is a beneficial characteristic of the current functioning of copyright that should be defended against pressures in favour of harmonization.
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Norris, Brian. "Without Distinguishing Color or Profession: Culture, Vatican II and the Long-Term Development of Credit Institutions in Bolivia." Bolivian Studies Journal/Revista de Estudios Bolivianos 21 (March 17, 2016): 202–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.5195/bsj.2015.125.
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By the late 20th and early 21st century, credit institutions in Bolivia had become more complex, resilient and popular that at any time previously in its history. Traditional economics analyses emphasize incentives created by laws such as those promulgated by the Kemmerer mission in Bolivia in the 1920s and 30s, or material factors, such as transportation costs. Yet neither of these explanations offers a compelling explanation for the magnitude of the flourishing of popular and complex credit institutions in Bolivia after the 1960s. Cultural changes, however, might offer a compelling complement to legal and material explanations of credit development. Vatican II represented an important mass change in Bolivian culture, and institutions associated with these reforms ushered in a new era of credit institution development in the country.A finales del siglo XX y comienzos del XXI, las instituciones crediticias en Bolivia se volvieron más complejas, elásticas y populares que en cualquier otro momento de su historia. Los análisis económicos tradicionales ponen de relieve los incentivos creados por leyes como las promulgadas por la misión Kemmerer en Bolivia en las décadas de 1920 y 1930, o factores materiales, tales como los costos de transporte. Con todo, ninguna de estas explicaciones ofrece una explicación convincente de la importancia del florecimiento de instituciones crediticias populares y complejas en Bolivia después de la década de 1960. No obstante, los cambios culturales podrían ofrecer un complemento de peso a las explicaciones legales y materiales del desarrollo del crédito. El Concilio Vaticano II representa un importante cambio en la cultura boliviana, y las instituciones asociadas con sus reformas marcan el comienzo de una nueva era en el desarrollo de la institución crediticia en el país.
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Lewis, Christopher. "INEQUALITY, INCENTIVES, CRIMINALITY, AND BLAME." Legal Theory 22, no. 2 (2016): 153–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1352325217000052.
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ABSTRACTThe disadvantaged have incentives to commit crime, and to develop criminogenic dispositions, that limit the extent to which their co-citizens can blame them for breaking the law. This is true regardless of whether the causes of criminality are mainly “structural” or “cultural.” We need not assume that society as a whole is unjust in order to accept this conclusion. And doing so would neither stigmatize nor otherwise disrespect the disadvantaged.
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Lempert, David. "Protecting Endangered Cultures from Harms of Globalization: A New Product Certification Approach Using Business Incentives." Practicing Anthropology 35, no. 2 (2013): 28–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.17730/praa.35.2.95j216k576828276.
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A recent article by this author borrowed a strategy used by environmentalists to promote rights of species— that of the "Red Book," used to protect biodiversity—and outlined how applied anthropologists could combine with rights advocates to promote systematic monitoring and legal protections for endangered cultures, to highlight the endangerment of and to protect cultural diversity (Lempert 2010). That was one of a series of potential approaches to cultural protections suggested by this author (Lempert 1997; 2008; 2009; 2012; Lempert and Nguyen 2008) and by others to try to use governance, law, and "rights" as a means of enforcing existing international and domestic laws and obligations. Most such strategies, however, are major initiatives requiring investment of resources and risk-taking by individual anthropologists and our profession. Accountability and law enforcement are also confrontational.
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BEDNAR, JENNA, and SCOTT E. PAGE. "When Order Affects Performance: Culture, Behavioral Spillovers, and Institutional Path Dependence." American Political Science Review 112, no. 1 (2018): 82–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003055417000466.
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Evidence suggests that the cultural context influences the performance of laws, policies, and political institutions. Descriptive accounts reveal that outcomes and behaviors often depend on the array of historical institutions. This article presents a multi-institutional framework that can account for those findings through path-dependent behavioral spillovers. Individuals learn equilibrium behaviors when interacting in a new institutional setting. Initially, some individuals choose behaviors that align with their behaviors in similar extant institutions, creating a cultural context that can lead to inefficient outcomes. The article shows how avoiding path dependence requires sequencing (or designing) institutions to maintain behavioral diversity. Optimal sequencing thus requires positioning institutions with clear incentives early in the sequence as well as avoiding strong punishments that can stifle attempts to break established behavioral patterns.