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Journal articles on the topic 'Cultural property – Protection – Bolivia'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 10 December 2022

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Reichelt, Gerte. "International Protection of Cultural Property (*)." Uniform Law Review os-13, no. 1 (1985): 43–153. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ulr/os-13.1.43.

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2

Puri, Kamal. "Copyright protection of cultural property." Information & Communications Technology Law 4, no. 2 (1995): 187–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13600834.1995.9965718.

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3

Shina, Shintaro. "Protection of Cultural Property and Law." TRENDS IN THE SCIENCES 4, no. 9 (1999): 6–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.5363/tits.4.9_6.

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4

Phuong, Catherine. "THE PROTECTION OF IRAQI CULTURAL PROPERTY." International and Comparative Law Quarterly 53, no. 4 (2004): 985–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/iclq/53.4.985.

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Images of widespread looting were the first to come from Baghdad following the entry of US forces into the Iraqi capital city in April 2003. In particular, it is hard to forget the powerful images of smashed display cases, empty vaults, and desperate staff in the Iraqi National Museum. Worse still, the National Library was burnt down. The looting of the Iraqi National Museum took place between 8 April, when the security situation prompted staff to leave the museum, and 12 April when some of them managed to return. Despite early pleadings with US forces to move a tank to guard the museum gates,

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5

von Lewinski, Silke. "Intellectual property protection of folklore." Focaal 2004, no. 44 (2004): 35–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/092012904782311272.

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The possible protection of indigenous cultural expressions has reemerged as a topic in international debates in recent years. This article provides a legal perspective on the topic. Existing copyright and neighboring right laws do not apply to such cultural expressions per se, since they do not fulfill the relevant criteria of protection. However, indirect protection is granted to those who record indigenous expressions onto phonograms, films, and photographs, and for those who collect or perform indigenous cultural expressions. Protection concerning authenticity is possible by way of trademar

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6

Kryvolapov, Bogdan. "Cultural Property Protection in Private International Law." Bratislava Law Review 8, no. 1 (2024): 171–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.46282/blr.2024.8.1.382.

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The armed aggression of the Russian Federation against Ukraine has brought the issue of protecting cultural property to the forefront. Numerous documented cases of illegal exports of cultural property from Ukrainian museums located in territories occupied by the aggressor country have emerged. In addition, little is known about the number of stolen objects from private collections, which are considered cultural artifacts. There are no statistics available on this matter. This paper aims to explore the problem of applicable law during the consideration of disputes regarding the protection of cu

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7

Herrera, Veronica. "Water for All: Community, Property, and Revolution in Modern Bolivia." Hispanic American Historical Review 103, no. 2 (2023): 363–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00182168-10369284.

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8

Tomba, Massimiliano. "SOCIAL PROPERTY IN THE COCHABAMBA WATER WAR, BOLIVIA 2000." Angelaki 28, no. 1 (2023): 73–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0969725x.2023.2167785.

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9

Estrella Faria, José Angelo. "The international protection of religious cultural property." Uniform Law Review - Revue de droit uniforme 20, no. 4 (2015): 594–609. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ulr/unv024.

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10

Müller, MM. "Cultural heritage protection: legitimacy, property, and functionalism." International Journal of Cultural Property 7, no. 2 (1998): 395–409. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0940739198770407.

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This article argues that the question of whether the nation-state or the international community is the legitimate guardian of cultural property can only be answered with reference to what we expect measures of protection of our cultural heritage to accomplish. The very concept of 'protection' is at stake, and two different schools (object-centrism versus functionalism) are to be distinguished. Whereas object centrism focuses on the cultural object and its protection as a value in its own right, functionalism argues that the cultural heritage cannot even be identified as such without reference

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11

Driver, Mark C. "The Protection of Cultural Property During Wartime." Review of European Community & International Environmental Law 9, no. 1 (2000): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-9388.00227.

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12

Todorov, Todor, and Shpend Lutfiu. "Intellectual Property Protection of Digital Cultural Heritage." Digital Presentation and Preservation of Cultural and Scientific Heritage 13 (September 1, 2023): 263–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.55630/dipp.2023.13.25.

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Use of information and communication technologies are becoming a crucial part of our lives, which creates new opportunities for promoting Cultural Heritage through digital technologies and the internet. Use of techniques for intellectual property protection of digital content by cultural heritage institutions has gotten little attention up to this point. As technology evolves rapidly, concerns about protecting intellectual property have arisen, as digital content could be modified using freely available software. The paper focuses on watermarking techniques that could be used in the digitizati

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13

Purbrick, Tim. "Military Cultural Property Protection Challenges and Opportunities." Journal of International Peacekeeping 27, no. 4 (2025): 400–419. https://doi.org/10.1163/18754112-27040003.

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Abstract This article highlights the definition of cultural property, sets out the relevant laws for the protection of cultural property during armed conflict and occupation and describes the United Kingdom Defence and the British Army’s experience of establishing the elements required to deliver a military cultural property protection capability that was established to meet international and domestic legal obligations in 2018. The first part of the article sets out a brief history of damage, destruction, vandalism and looting followed by some of the responses to this history. The article then

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14

Greenfield, Jeanette. "The return of cultural property." Antiquity 60, no. 228 (1986): 29–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003598x00057598.

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The seventeenth and eighteenth centuries bore witness to the zenith of the European art of 'collecting' antiquities. The second half of the nineteenth century saw the beginnings of systematic archaeological techniques of excavation, field survey, conservation and protection. It saw what Professor Seton Lloyd has called the 'birth of a conscience' regarding the expropriation of antiquities from other countries. In the twentieth century the idea has emerged that cultural property is a matter of international concern, as being part of the 'heritage of mankind'. This concern has centred around loo

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15

Kim, Su Kab. "Implications for the Improvement of Korea's Cultural Heritage Legislation through the Study of the Federal Cultural Heritage Legislation in Germany." LAW RESEARCH INSTITUTE CHUNGBUK NATIONAL UNIVERSITY 34, no. 2 (2023): 1–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.34267/cblj.2023.34.2.1.

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With the enactment of ʻthe Basic Law on National Heritageʼ in Korea, The ʻCultural Property Protection Actʼ will be renamed ʻthe Act on the Preservation and Utilization of Cultural Heritageʼ(acronym: the Cultural Heritage Act) from May 17, 2024. The Cultural Heritage Act shall serve as the basic law related to the cultural heritage legislation. The Cultural Heritage Act includes such as contents; the establishment and promotion of the protection of cultural heritage as defined in the Basic Law on National Heritage, the creation of a foundation for cultural heritage protection, and the national

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16

Wu, Xueping. "The Legal Protection Path of Intangible Cultural Heritage of Ethnic Minorities Beyond the Framework of Intellectual Property Rights." Frontiers in Education Technology 7, no. 1 (2024): p33. http://dx.doi.org/10.22158/fet.v7n1p33.

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For the legal protection of intangible cultural heritage of ethnic minorities, China has basically formed a legal protection mode combining international legal protection with domestic legal protection, and combining public law protection with private law protection. However, the protection of intangible cultural heritage by the intellectual property system is concentrated in two aspects: creative products (works) based on traditional knowledge and traditional skills that have not yet been disclosed and can be applied in industry. The protection of intangible cultural heritage of ethnic minori

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17

Anisimov, Igor O., and Elena E. Gulyaeva. "The Formation and Development of the International Legal Protection of Cultural Property." Global Journal of Cultural Studies 1 (December 26, 2022): 46–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.6000/2817-2310.2022.01.05.

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The article considers the formation and evolution of the international legal protection of cultural property from ancient times to the present. The purpose of the article is to identify the prerequisites and features of each historical period in the development of international law in the context of the international legal protection of cultural property, as well as to systematize the relevant international legal acts. The authors provide their own periodization of the development of international legal protection of cultural property. It is concluded that the initial stage of codification of

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18

KIM, Yongcheol. "Law for Protection of Cultural Property of Korea enacted in 1962 and Japanese Acts for Protection of Cultural Property." Korean Journal of Art History 308 (December 31, 2020): 207–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.31065/kjah.308.202012.007.

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19

FILIPČIČ, ROK. "KULTURNA DEDIŠČINA IN NJENO VAROVANJE V ČASU OBOROŽENIH SPOPADOV." POSAMEZNIK, DRŽAVA, VARNOST/ INDIVIDUAL, STATE, SECURITY, VOLUME 2021/ISSUE 23/4 (November 30, 2021): 73–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.33179/bsv.99.svi.11.cmc.23.4.4.

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Povzetek Kulturna dediščina oziroma kulturne dobrine so izraz zgodovinske tradicije nekega naroda. V zgodovini vojskovanja je bila kulturna dediščina pogosto uničena, poškodovana in izropana. Prispevek predstavlja zgodovinski razvoj mednarodnopravne zaščite kulturnih dobrin, obveznosti, ki jih imajo visoke pogodbenice Konvencije o varstvu kulturnih dobrin v primeru oboroženega spopada, nekatera najpomembnejša pravila glede varovanja kulturnih dobrin med oboroženimi spopadi, slovensko delovanje na obravnavanem področju ter pozitivne in negativne posledice (ne)varovanja kulturnih dobrin. Ključne

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20

Ryška, Ivan. "Shift from Cultural Property to Cultural Heritage and its Possible Consequences for International Criminal Law." Polish Review of International and European Law 10, no. 2 (2021): 37–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.21697/priel.2021.10.2.02.

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The article examines the content of terms ‘cultural property’ and ’cultural heritage’. It illustrates the continual development in the protection of cultural property that evolved into the concept of cultural heritage. The first part of the article describes differences between the two notions and explains why the term ’cultural heritage’ is more suitable for the current approach to protection of cultural expressions. The second part of the article deals with possible consequences that the conceptual shift from cultural property to cultural heritage can bring to protection under International

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21

Bicskei, Marianna, Kilian Bizer, and Zulia Gubaydullina. "Protection of Cultural Goods— Economics of Identity." International Journal of Cultural Property 19, no. 1 (2012): 97–118. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0940739112000070.

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AbstractThis article addresses the current international debate on the protection of cultural goods. Whereas some groups (such as indigenous peoples) are arguing for the creation of cultural property rights analogous to classic intellectual property rights such as patent and copyright, most industrialized countries advocate to keep cultural goods within the public domain. In this article, we develop an economic perspective based on identity and clarify the question of which cultural goods should be protected, regulated, or left in the public domain. We conclude that protection based on the con

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22

Katz, Stephen Z. "Penal Protection of Cultural Property: The Canadian Approach." International Journal of Cultural Property 2, no. 1 (1993): 11–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0940739193000049.

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23

Paterson, Robert K. "The Protection of Cultural Property in Internal Law." International Journal of Cultural Property 6, no. 2 (1997): 267–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0940739197000337.

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24

Peterson, Erik. "Conference Remarks: A Vision for Cultural Property Protection." Preservation Education & Research 14, no. 1 (2022): 10–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/per.2022.a910527.

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abstract: In a rapidly evolving strategic environment, incorporating cultural property protection (CPP) into military plans and operations can enable the U.S. Army to achieve its objectives by demonstrating to allies, partners, and adversaries alike that safeguarding irreplaceable treasures aids conflict prevention and resolution. Planning for the protection of cultural property in military operations is both practical and effective. It can provide an outsized return on investment with affected populations and often contributes directly to the cessation of hostilities and facilitation of long-

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25

Chwała, Marek. "Znaczenie Państwowej Straży Pożarnej w ochronie dóbr kultury – rola Wydziału Centrum Szkolenia Ochrony Ludności i Dóbr Kultury w Szkole Aspirantów Państwowej Straży Pożarnej w Krakowie." Ochrona ludności i dziedzictwa kulturowego, no. 1/2022 (November 10, 2022): 11–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4467/29563763.oldk.22.001.16530.

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Artykuł porusza problematykę ochrony, zabezpieczenia dóbr kultury oraz zadań jakie realizuje w tym zakresie Państwowa Straż Pożarna. W publikacji skoncentrowano się na ukazaniu roli, jedynego w Polsce, Wydziału Szkolenia Ochrony Ludności i Dóbr Kultury, działającego w Szkole Aspirantów Państwowej Straży Pożarnej w Krakowie. The importance of the State Fire Service in the protection of cultural property – the role of the Training Department for the Protection of Population and Cultural Property at the Fire Service College of the State Fire Service in Krakow The article deals with the issue of p

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26

Jin, Yijun. "Intellectual Property Protection of Traditional Handicrafts: Practical Foundations and Future Perspectives." Journal of Education, Humanities and Social Sciences 42 (December 18, 2024): 1023–28. https://doi.org/10.54097/x9dhce65.

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Traditional handicrafts, a tangible manifestation of traditional culture and a significant cultural legacy, its related intellectual property issues have been controversial in recent years. This paper evaluates several common methods of intellectual property protection that could be adapted to traditional handicrafts and the current state of protection. Then finds that the existing IP system lacks a systematic approach or framework to the protection traditional handicrafts. Although many countries have already experimented with the use of geographical indications for the protection of their na

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27

Tesla, Milan. "INTERNATIONAL LEGAL PROTECTION OF CULTURAL PROPERTY IN THE EVENT OF ARMED CONFLICT AND OCCUPATION." Strani pravni život 60, no. 2 (2016): 217–29. https://doi.org/10.56461/spz16214t.

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Cultural property, having a great value, no matter how determined the notion of cultural property, and whether they still were marked as such, have always enjoyed a degree of legal protection. The wars involve destruction where the cultural goods are inevitably destroyed. They are destroyed, either as a consequence of enemies actions or through the war itself where they are destroyed consciously and with intention. However, there has always been a tendence to protect cultural goods from the consequences of the war action. A number of rules relating to a war conducted protect a lot of objects (

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28

TABANLI, Figen. "PROTECTION OF CULTURAL PROPERTY IN ARMED CONFLICT WITHIN THE HAGUE CONVENTION 1954." SOCIAL SCIENCE DEVELOPMENT JOURNAL 8, no. 37 (2023): 174–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.31567/ssd.890.

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Cultural values are part of human dignity and civilian life. Cultural property must be primarily protected during armed conflicts as well as during peacetime. Unfortunately, in armed conflicts, culture has often been one of the primary victims of conflict. As a matter of fact, the parties to the conflict usually target the cultural heritage militarily or politically in order to demoralize the targeted society and show their superiority. During the armed conflicts, many cultural heritages, many of them world heritage, have been destroyed or damaged. The destruction of cultural heritage fuels vi

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29

Grinchenko, Anastasiia Nikolaevna. "The organization of the protection of cultural heritage in the event of an armed conflict as a factor in ensuring the norms of inter-strike humanitarian law by the Russian Federation." Международное право, no. 1 (January 2025): 53–65. https://doi.org/10.25136/2644-5514.2025.1.73522.

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The relevance of studying the legal foundations of the organization of the protection of cultural property in the context of armed conflict is increasing against the background of recent international events, as well as the aggravation of relations between the Russia and a number of foreign states, including the Baltic states. These circumstances require not only theoretical understanding, but also practical application of the norms of international law. The object of the study is the protection of cultural heritage in the event of an armed conflict. The subject of the study is the regulation

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30

Badar, Mohamed Elewa, and Noelle Higgins. "Discussion Interrupted: The Destruction and Protection of Cultural Property under International Law and Islamic Law - the Case of Prosecutor v. Al Mahdi." International Criminal Law Review 17, no. 3 (2017): 486–516. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15718123-01731383.

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Al Mahdi was the first case before the International Criminal Court (icc), which focused on the destruction of cultural property, and indeed, the first case before an international criminal tribunal which had the destruction of cultural property as the sole charge against a jihadist. This case note first addresses the international legal framework on the protection of cultural property in Section 2. Section 3 then assesses the concept of hisbah and its operation, including the reasons why the Hisbah in Mali destroyed cultural property. The next section considers the facts of the Al Mahdi case.

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31

van Meijl, Toon. "Pacific Discourses About Cultural Heritage and Its Protection: An Introduction." International Journal of Cultural Property 16, no. 3 (2009): 221–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0940739109990191.

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AbstractThe articles collected in this special issue aim at addressing the debate about the protection and use of cultural heritage in the Pacific within the context of globalization. Contributions aim specifically at analyzing the tension that exists between, on the one hand, political, legal and economic discourses of Pacific peoples who wish to retain control and who seek protection of the use of their cultural heritage, and, on the other hand, the view of others arguing that it is in the interest of the general public to lift as many embargos as possible in order to stimulate research and

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32

Sendón, Pablo F. "Mareike Winchell, After servitude. Elusive property and the ethics of kinship in Bolivia." Journal de la société des américanistes 109, no. 2 (2023): 271–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/jsa.22405.

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33

Gao, Hui. "Embroidery Crafts Intellectual Property Protection." BCP Social Sciences & Humanities 22 (August 2, 2023): 152–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.54691/bcpssh.v22i.5353.

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Suzhou embroidery enjoys the reputation of domestic embroidery and is included in one of the important catalogs of intangible cultural heritage in China. In recent years, the definition and protection dilemma of intellectual property rights of domestic embroidery handicrafts has always existed. This paper borrows the Suzhou traditional embroidery handicraft ' Huaqing Yufei Tu ', which is judicially identified as the original author's right of adaptation, as the epitome of case analysis, and seeks to clarify the intellectual property laws and regulations for the protection of embroidery, legal

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34

Polkowska, Małgorzata. "Protection of World Cultural Heritage and Its Importance during Armed Conflicts." Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Skłodowska, sectio F – Historia 78 (December 22, 2023): 155–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.17951/f.2023.78.155-170.

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The article is part of the topic related to the protection of the world’s cultural and natural heritage. This protection became the subject of a nationwide scientific conference organized in Poznań on June 20, 2022, titled: “The role of international organizations in the protection of the world’s cultural and natural heritage. Reflections on the 50th anniversary of adopting the UNESCO Convention Concerning the Protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage”. The author deals with the issues of civil and military protection of cultural property in the event of an armed conflict. Hence, t

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35

Blake, Janet. "On Defining the Cultural Heritage." International and Comparative Law Quarterly 49, no. 1 (2000): 61–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s002058930006396x.

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Examples can be found from ancient times of concern for the protection of cultural artefacts and early legislation to protect monuments and works of art first appeared in Europe in the 15th century. Cultural heritage was first addressed in international law in 1907 and a body of international treaties and texts for its protection has been developed by UNESCO and other intergovernmental organisations since the 1950's. The 1954 Convention for the Protection of Cultural Property in the Event of Armed Conflict of UNESCO (henceforth the “Hague Convention”) is the earliest of these modern internatio

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36

Irsheid, Christine. "The Protection of Cultural Property in the Arab World." International Journal of Cultural Property 6, no. 1 (1997): 11–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0940739197000040.

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AbstractThis article presents a comparative description of the national legislation concerning the protection of cultural property in the various Arab nations and the influence of regional and international agreements. These different legislative schemes are also discussed in the context of attempts to unify the treatment of cultural property among these nations which face similar problems.

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Szabados, Tamás. "Right to Property and Cultural Heritage Protection in the Light of the Practice of the European Court of Human Rights." Central European Journal of Comparative Law 3, no. 2 (2022): 159–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.47078/2022.2.159-181.

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This article presents the relationship between the protection of property and cultural heritage protection under the ECHR system. Most often, state measures aimed at the protection of cultural heritage appear to interfere with private parties’ right to the peaceful enjoyment of possessions. Those dissatisfied with the outcome of domestic court proceedings regarding such interferences often want to reverse unfavorable domestic court decisions by bringing their case before the ECtHR. This article outlines the relevant case law of the ECtHR, distinguishing deprivation of property cases from contr

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DMYTRENKO, V. V. "INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS’ OBJECTS COMPREHENSIVE PROTECTION." Law and Society, no. 5 (2022): 33–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.32842/2078-3736/2022.5.6.

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Polčák, Radim. "Digitisation, Cultural Institutions and Intellectual Property." Masaryk University Journal of Law and Technology 9, no. 2 (2015): 121–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.5817/mujlt2015-2-7.

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Digitisation of cultural content represents one of most challenging problems of contemporary IP law. Cultural artefacts, let it be books, paintings or 3D objects, are often very old, so there are no issues in copyright protection of their content. However, the public availability of such content is in these cases strongly limited namely due to physical conditions of the carriers and subsequent conservation demands.Digitisation might serve here as powerful enabler of re-use of these works that are frequently of enormous cultural value. On the other hand, getting useful (and re-usable) digital i

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40

Iakovets, Iryna. "International threats to access to treatment: implementation of TRIPS-plus in Ukraine and the world." Theory and Practice of Intellectual Property, no. 1 (March 29, 2024): 52–59. https://doi.org/10.33731/12024.300902.

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Effective realization of the right to health is conditioned on the availability and affordability of health products. Local manufacturing development is significantly dependent on intellectual property rules used by the country. Balancing between the intellectual property rights protection and the right to health is rarely on the side of right to health, and the most suffering from such imbalance are patients. The article analyses the provisions of TRIPS-plus (supplementary protection certificates, data exclusivity, patent linkage, measures of customs authorities to facilitate the protection o

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Yates, Donna. "Reality and Practicality: Challenges to Effective Cultural Property Policy on the Ground in Latin America." International Journal of Cultural Property 22, no. 2-3 (2015): 337–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0940739115000156.

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Abstract:Although on-the-ground preservation and policing is a major component of our international efforts to prevent the looting and trafficking of antiquities, the expectation placed on source countries may be beyond their capacity. This dependence on developing world infrastructure and policing may challenge our ability to effectively regulate this illicit trade. Using case studies generated from fieldwork in Belize and Bolivia, this paper discusses a number of these challenges to effective policy and offers some suggestions for future regulatory development.

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42

Stryjkowska, Sylwia. "Wpływ II wojny światowej na poszukiwanie rozwiązań prawnych w zakresie ochrony dóbr kultury." Przegląd Archiwalno-Historyczny 7 (2020): 105–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4467/2391-890xpah.20.005.14639.

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Artykuł ukazuje zmiany, jakie nastąpiły w systemie prawnej ochrony dóbr kultury po zakończeniu II wojny światowej. Konflikt ten przyczynił się do bezprecedensowych strat w zasobach kulturowych, by następnie stać się punktem wyjścia do prac nad narzędziami prawnej ochrony dziedzictwa kulturalnego. Ukazując proces kształtowania się rozwiązań prawnych w tym zakresie, szczególną uwagę zwrócono na Konwencję w sprawie ochrony dóbr kultury w razie konfliktu zbrojnego podpisaną w 1954 r. w Hadze, która stanowiła pierwszy wymierny przejaw intensyfikacji współpracy międzynarodowej, jaka po II wojnie świ

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Landmann, Tomasz. "Criminal law and practical approaches to fighting crime in the area of protection of cultural property as an element of forming the cultural security of the Third Polish Republic." Scientific Journal of the Military University of Land Forces 192, no. 2 (2019): 238–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0013.2596.

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The objective of the article is to present criminal law provisions and also the actual effects of fighting crime in the area of protection of cultural property in Poland since the beginning of the 21st century. A thesis has been formulated, according to which the protection of cultural property arising from the criminal law remains the key determinant of forming the cultural security of the Third Polish Republic. The conducted analysis shows that the effective forming of cultural security of the Third Polish Republic depends on ensuring the appropriate protection for the property of special si

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44

Tanja, Gerard J. "Recent Developments Concerning the Law for the Protection of Cultural Property in the Event of Armed Conflict." Leiden Journal of International Law 7, no. 1 (1994): 115–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0922156500002855.

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On May 14, 1954 the Inter-governmental Conference on the Protection of Cultural Property in the Event of Armed Conflict which convened in The Hague, managed to adopt the text of the Convention for the Protection of Cultural Property in the Event of Armed Conflict (1954 Hague Convention). Apart from the Convention as such, the Regulations for the Execution of the Convention, a Protocol directed towards the prevention of the exportation of cultural property from occupied territories during armed conflicts, and three Resolutions were adopted.

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Banasik, Katarzyna. "The Protection of Cultural Property in the Event of Armed Conflict under Polish Criminal Law." World Journal of Social Science Research 6, no. 1 (2019): 67. http://dx.doi.org/10.22158/wjssr.v6n1p67.

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<em>The aim of this paper is to examine whether the Republic of Poland guarantees cultural property appropriate legal protection in the area of criminal law in the event of armed conflict. The author begins by analyzing the legal acts of international law and presenting the relevant regulations. In the next part of the paper, she examines the current provisions in Polish law. First, she explains the term “cultural property” and its relationship with the term “historic relic”. She then provides an exhaustive analysis of Article 125 of the Polish Penal Code, which is the main provision gov

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Simatupang, Taufik H. "Initiating The Concept of Sui Generis of the Legal Protection of Communal Intellectual Property in The Philosophy of Science Perspective." Jurnal Penelitian Hukum De Jure 22, no. 2 (2022): 243. http://dx.doi.org/10.30641/dejure.2022.v22.243-256.

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This study aims to answer how the protection of Communal Intellectual Property rights in Indonesia and how the concept of sui generis can be applied from the perspective of the philosophy of science. The research method used is a doctrinal legal research method with an approach to legislation, legal concepts, and theories through literature search. The results show that until now Indonesia has recorded and documented the Communal Intellectual Property, both by the Directorate General of Intellectual Property of the Ministry of Law and Human Rights and the Directorate General of Culture of the

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Czepek, Vita, and Elżbieta Karska. "THE SCOPE AND IMPORTANCE OF COOPERATION BETWEEN UNESCO AND THE ICC FOR THE PROTECTION OF CULTURAL PROPERTY." Studia Iuridica, no. 95 (June 14, 2023): 74–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.31338/2544-3135.si.2022-95.5.

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Intentional destruction and theft of cultural property during armed conflicts are now prohibited by international law. In line with international regulations, deliberate attacks against cultural property, both during international and non-international armed conflicts, may constitute serious violations of the norms of humanitarian law and their perpetrators should be tried and penalized. At the international level, the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) is the most appropriate body to take action to protect cultural property during armed conflicts. The In

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Brodie, Neil. "Syria and its Regional Neighbors: A Case of Cultural Property Protection Policy Failure?" International Journal of Cultural Property 22, no. 2-3 (2015): 317–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0940739115000144.

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Abstract:Cultural property protection policy as implemented in Syria since 2011 is structured around standards and practices enshrined within the 1954 Hague Convention for the Protection of Cultural Property in the Event of Armed Conflict (including its First and Second Protocols) and the 1970 UNESCO Convention on the Means of Prohibiting and Preventing the Illicit Import, Export and Transfer of Ownership of Cultural Property. Policy emphasis is on thein situprotection of cultural sites and the recovery and return of stolen or looted cultural objects. But policy initiatives have very obviously

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Landmann, Tomasz. "International exchange of cultural property within the EU territory in the years 2008-2015, from the legal, economic and cultural security perspective." Scientific Journal of the Military University of Land Forces 193, no. 3 (2019): 488–501. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0013.5004.

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The objective of the article is to establish the grounds for trading in cultural property within the territory of the EU single internal market and to investigate the trading dynamics in importing and exporting such property in the years 2008-2015. The analysis is based on the EU legal acts, statistical data published by Eurostat and a critical review of the literature. The thesis has been formulated that trading in cultural property repre-sents an important element of taking care of the protection of cultural security and potential and demonstrates endeavours for the cultural expansion of the

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Safitri, Melisa. "TRADITIONAL CULTURAL EXPRESSIONS BOTH WITHIN AND BEYOND THE CONTEXT OF INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY LAW IN INDONESIA." Progressive Law Review 4, no. 02 (2022): 92–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.36448/plr.v4i02.81.

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Can TCEs crumble under the protection of intellectual property? This question is prompted by the disparity between the characteristics of TCEs and the intellectual property protection criteria. This article emphasize the necessity and significance of establishing a system outside the Intellectual Property system or special protection (sui generis) to protect TCEs because intellectual property law cannot be modified to accommodate TCEs. The law of intellectual property only protects the moral and economic rights of individuals, not cultural or communal rights. Other opinions contend that the ex

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