Journal articles: 'Cultural References'

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Pedersen, Jan. "Cultural Interchangeability: The Effects of Substituting Cultural References in Subtitling." Perspectives 15, no. 1 (March 15, 2007): 30–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.2167/pst003.0.

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Césaire, Aimé, Lee Hildreth, and Aime Cesaire. "References/References." Callaloo, no. 38 (1989): 68. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2931137.

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Tseng, Ming-Yu. "Where cultural references and lexical cohesion meet." Pragmatics. Quarterly Publication of the International Pragmatics Association (IPrA) 28, no. 4 (October 23, 2018): 573–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/prag.17015.tse.

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Abstract This study investigates creative product descriptions (CPDs) in an intercultural context, especially with respect to cultural references (CRs) and lexical cohesion. More specifically, it examines (i) how CRs are utilized in CPDs written in English for intercultural communication, (ii) how lexical cohesion can be described in a culturally meaningful and context-sensitive way, and (iii) what role cultural reference terms play in shaping the lexical cohesion of such CPDs. By proposing a multi-layer framing model of cohesion, this paper shows how lexical cohesion results from interactions of four frames activated in the production and reception of a text: sociocultural, generic, interpersonal and conceptual. The study concludes with some practical implications for the writing of CPDs in English for intercultural communication.

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Benavides, María. "References Cited." Americas 48, no. 4 (April 1992): 533–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s000316150001837x.

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Cornelio-Marí, Elia-Margarita. "Mexican children and American cartoons: Foreign references in animation." Comunicar 23, no. 45 (July 1, 2015): 125–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.3916/c45-2015-13.

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This audience study explores how a group of children from Southeast Mexico, perceive the animated cartoon «Dexter’s Laboratory». The objective is to observe the ways in which a young local audience, still in the process of building its cultural identity, perceives an American television program. A qualitative approach was applied: 44 children between 8 and 11 years old participated in a series of semi-structured interviews and focus groups, which took place in a provincial city in Mexico (Villahermosa, Tabasco). In each session, the participants watched an episode of the cartoon dubbed into Latin Spanish. Afterwards, it was assessed if they were able to notice cultural elements present in the series (texts in English, traditions, ways of life, symbols, etc.), which are different from their own culture. It was also observed if age, gender and social background had any impact on the degree of awareness. The results showed that most of the participants were aware of beingthat they were watching a foreign program, that they could recognize elements of American culture and that they applied diverse strategies to make sense of these foreign narratives. Older children, and those studying English as a second language, were able to make more sophisticated comparisons between the cultures of Mexico and the United States.Este estudio sobre audiencias explora cómo un grupo de niños del sureste de México perciben los dibujos animados de «El laboratorio de Dexter». El objetivo primordial es conocer la manera en que un programa norteamericano distribuido internacionalmente es entendido por una audiencia local, especialmente por una conformada por individuos que aún están construyendo su identidad cultural. Se utilizó un enfoque cualitativo: un total de 44 niños en edades entre los 8 y 11 años participaron en una serie de entrevistas semi-estructuradas y grupos de discusión, que se llevaron a cabo en una ciudad de la provincia mexicana (Villahermosa, Tabasco). En cada sesión se observó un episodio de la serie animada doblada al español latino. Posteriormente, se evaluó si los participantes sabían que los dibujos animados eran norteamericanos y si notaban la presencia de elementos culturales diferentes respecto a su propia cultura (textos escritos en inglés, referencias a tradiciones, estilo de vida, símbolos, etc.). Asimismo, se indagó si la edad, el género y estrato social de proveniencia influían en esta percepción. Los resultados muestran que la mayoría de los participantes eran conscientes de estar viendo un programa extranjero, reconocían elementos de la cultura norteamericana y aplicaban diversas estrategias para crear sentido a estas narrativas. Niños mayores, y aquellos que estudian el idioma inglés, fueron capaces de realizar comparaciones más sofisticadas entre las culturas de México y Estados Unidos.

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Yue, Yan, and Peng Dai. "Cultural Planning of Residential Area in Historical and Cultural City - Interpretation of Cultural Planning." Applied Mechanics and Materials 99-100 (September 2011): 511–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.99-100.511.

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The city is a "stone of the history books", in addition to text; the urban construction is the most important material witness, the buildings in historical and cultural city even more so. Five thousand years of Chinese history in the land of China has left numerous historical and cultural cities, to make the "historical tradition, cultural continuity" and "social progress and modern civilization," integration is a very difficult problem. I participated in Xi'an city, "Fenglin Huafu" residential area the whole process of cultural planning and gain some experience and understanding may have a similar solution to the problem the city has played the role for references.

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Younis, Abdullah Bairam, and Amir Ahmed Hamad Amin. "social and cultural issues in ‘The Slave Yards’." Twejer 4, no. 1 (May 2021): 807–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.31918/twejer.2141.18.

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The novel of ‘The Slave Yards’ by Najwa Bin Shatwan, is not only a biographic of his daughter Atiqa, in which they were lived through depression, and misery. Also, it is not a narration of Libya’s history, while the novel is about the intellectual, social and cultural issues. The author tried to present that matters in a high level. In general, that novel can be distinguished with the other novels in numerous social references, and the ability to identify them in a narrative form, in which the social references are related to the relationships of individuals with each other. The author tried to control the events, and to link the role of the characters to each other. Also, the author presents the events which they are imposed by reality, and in any changes their real social meaning will be changed as well. In this regard, we highlight those issues into two points: the first one is highlighting the traditions and customs, and the second one is highlighting the folklore songs, myths, and religious places. Key Words: Slave Carpets, Social references, Myths, Popular Songs, Customs

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Dumitrica, Delia. "“Chuck Norris, Please Help!” Transnational Cultural Flows in the 2017 Anti-Corruption Protests in Romania." Media and Communication 9, no. 3 (September 13, 2021): 439–248. http://dx.doi.org/10.17645/mac.v9i3.4260.

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This study examines the meaning-making work of transnational cultural references in protest. Whether using the image of the superhero or re-mixing a famous painting, the presence of such references in home-made protest placards was a striking feature of the 2017 anti-corruption protests in Romania. By means of a qualitative analysis of 58 such signs, this study identifies five types of transnational cultural resources co-opted in the local protest: politics, high and popular culture, brand names, computer culture, and other motivational slogans and protest symbols. Such references are appropriated in local protest for their recognizability potential, their generic interpretive frames, or their usefulness in generating surprising re-iterations of the political cause. Yet, the use of such references remains interwoven with the symbolic and political capital of professional, middle-class elites. In the Romanian case, the use of these transnational cultural references also constructs the protesters as cosmopolitan and aligned with Western cultural consumption and political practices. In turn, this frames political opponents as backwards, parochial, and unfit for democratic politics.

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Shapira, Dan. "Pahlavi References To Armenia." Iran and the Caucasus 3, no. 1 (1999): 143–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/157338499x00092.

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Zojer, Heidi. "Cultural references in subtitles: A measuring device for interculturality?" Babel. Revue internationale de la traduction / International Journal of Translation 57, no. 4 (December 31, 2011): 394–413. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/babel.57.4.02zoj.

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İsmail, Taş, and Havva Sümeyra Altınsoy. "CULTURAL REFERENCES OF TURKISH MIND AND TURKISH SUFISM: YESEVISM." Al-Farabi 75, no. 3 (September 30, 2021): 129–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.48010/2021.3/1999-5911.11.

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Mystical thought is a critical thought developed against official thought and official scientific understanding. This can be observed and discussed separately in both individual and collective layers of mystical life with its religious epistemological in one way and historical, social, political, and economic aspects in the other. Specific to this study after the death of the Prophet, the religious sciences that emerged during the tadwīn period built on the Arabic language-centered sensualism, and in this regard, it was structured with the Arab form. None of the above-mentioned built sciences satisfy mystical worldviews. Is this attitude of them a “completion process” or a critical intellectual process? We consider the critical intellectual process as a “critical intellectual and vital” step that includes “completion”. The above dilemma continued in Turkish thought even after joining the Islamic civilization. However, we think that a more comprehensive "Turkish mind", including the Islamic civilization along with its previous cultural resources, is maintained in the wise tradition. In this context, we think that the most fundamental and last form that forms the Turkish mind through Gokturk Script, Kashgari's Dīwān and Yesevism is the Turkish language.

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Herbert, Carol P. "Cultural Aspects of Dementia." Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences / Journal Canadien des Sciences Neurologiques 28, S1 (May 2001): S77—S82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0317167100001244.

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This paper critically reviews current knowledge regarding culture and dementia in order to identify unanswered questions in the field. Medline was searched from 1993-2000. One hundred nine articles were identified, of which 59 were critically reviewed, augmented by additional references from experts and by books. Limited research evidence was identified in four areas: 1) the recognition of dementia across cultures 2) cultural specificity of screening tools 3) identification of differences in risk factors, incidence, onset and prevalence across culture 4) culturally related issues in decision making about management. Implications for research and practice are described.

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Nichols, Heidi L., and Naseeb Shaheen. "Biblical References in Shakespeare's Plays." Sixteenth Century Journal 31, no. 1 (2000): 290. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2671374.

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Olk, Harald Martin. "Cultural references in translation: a framework for quantitative translation analysis." Perspectives 21, no. 3 (September 2013): 344–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0907676x.2011.646279.

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Lv, Feng, Jing He, Fang He, and Yan Xiao Wang. "Research on the Fusion Path of Cultural Tourism of Shenyang Red Cultural Resources." E3S Web of Conferences 179 (2020): 02120. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202017902120.

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The official integration of China’s cultural sector and tourism sector in 2018 has given a strong impetus to the fusion of cultural resources and tourism resources in various regions. Shenyang has rich red cultural resources and the people have deep feelings for red culture. Integrating red cultural resources with tourism resources and developing the red tourism economy will contribute to Shenyang’s image of a historical and cultural city. After introducing the red cultural resources in Shenyang, the article analyzes the preliminary practice of the fusion path of red cultural tourism, and elaborates on the integration of resources, cultural creative industries, etc., providing some references for the integration development of red cultural tourism in Shenyang.

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Hammer, Juliane. "The Cultural Roots of American Islamicism." American Journal of Islam and Society 24, no. 4 (October 1, 2007): 93–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.35632/ajis.v24i4.1512.

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Perceptions of the “other” are a powerful force in day-to-day human interaction,as well as in domestic and international politics. Since the publicationof Edward Said’s Orientalism almost three decades ago, many scholarshave appropriated and debated his thesis about the reality-changing powerof European (and American) discourses on Muslims and Arabs. In the bookunder review, Timothy Marr, professor of English in the American StudiesCurriculum department at the University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill,simultaneously broadens and criticizes Said’s ideas.The Cultural Roots of American Islamicism (a somewhat misleadingtitle for a fascinating book) offers a rich analysis of how Americans appropriatedimages of Islam, Muslim societies, and the Middle East during theseventeenth to nineteenth centuries for various political, social, and cultural– but ultimately American – purposes related to domestic and internationalissues. The author argues that such perceptions, in light of their complex andmultiple uses in American history, are significant because they continue toshape contemporary American approaches to the Muslim world.Marr advances this thesis by looking at an impressive array of historicalsources and documents, as well as secondary literature on various aspects ofAmerican history and culture, in which he finds a multitude of references toIslam and Muslims (or Turks, Saracens etc., respectively). His analysis ofthese references offers a stunning kaleidoscope of American images of theMuslim “other,” but reveals far more about the inner dynamics of Americannation-building and cultural self-definition than about Islam or Muslims ...

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Loendorf, Chris, and Barnaby V. Lewis. "ANCESTRAL O'ODHAM: AKIMEL O'ODHAM CULTURAL TRADITIONS AND THE ARCHAEOLOGICAL RECORD–ERRATUM." American Antiquity 82, no. 2 (April 2017): 423. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/aaq.2017.7.

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Shvedovskaya, A. A., and N. V. Meshkova. "Bibliometric Analysis of the Journal “Cultural-Historical Psychology”." Cultural-Historical Psychology 12, no. 1 (2016): 106–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.17759/chp.2016120112.

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This study aims to explore the journal bibliometric characteristics of the journal “Cultural-historical psychology”. The citation data were drawn from references of each article of “Cultural-historical psychology” during 2005 and 2015. Data retrieved from the Russian Citation Index (E.library.ru) and the Portal of Russian Psychological Publications (Psyjournals.ru) database were used to identify the main cited jour- nals, publications and authors.

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Lopes, Gustavo Esteves. "Brejeirices, Patacoadas e Mixórdias: História de Vida, Produção Cultural e Atualidade de Cornélio Pires." Revista Observatório 2, no. 2 (May 30, 2016): 142. http://dx.doi.org/10.20873/uft.2447-4266.2016v2especial1p142.

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O presente artigo tem como escopo visitar a história de vida, analisar a produção cultural e examinar o legado e a atualidade da obra do Poeta Caipira, Cornélio Pires (1884-1958). Não somente sua estrutura de criação e funcionamento inseridos/vinculados a sistemas de produção cultural são importantes para compreender o processo de implantação da indústria cultural no Brasil, como também sua obra é fonte para compreender oralidades, literariedades, formas de expressão, saberes e fazeres que ainda subsistem graças a comunidades/grupos/indivíduos detentores/produtores de bens/referências de culturas caipiras, e populares em geral. Palavras-Chave: Cornélio Pires (1884-1958); História de Vida; Produção Cultural; Cultura Caipira. Abstract This article has the scope to visit the life history, examining the cultural production and the legacy of Cornelio Pires (1884-1958), the “Rustic Poet”. Not only his structure of creation and operation insered in cultural production system is important to understand the process of cultural industry implementation in Brazil, as well as his work is a source for understanding oralities, literacies, forms of expression, knowledge and practices that still exist thanks to communities/groups/individuals owners/producers of popular and rustic cultural references which still preserve his legacy. Keywords: Cornélio Pires (1884-1958); Life History; Cultural Production; Rustic Culture. Resumen Este artículo tiene como alcance a visitar la historia de vida, analizar la producción cultural y examinar el legado del “poeta caipira” Cornelio Pires (1884-1958). No sólo su estructura de creación y funcionamiento inseridos en los sistemas de producción cultural son importantes para entender el proceso de implantación de la industria cultural en Brasil, así como su trabajo es una fuente para la comprensión de la oralidad, literariedades, formas de expresión, el conocimiento y las prácticas que todavía existen gracias a las comunidades/grupos/ individuos propietarios/productores de bienes/referencias de las dechas culturas “caipira” y popular em general. Palabras-clave: Cornélio Pires; Historia de Vida; Producción Cultural; “Cultura Caipira”

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Kesebir, Selin, and Pelin Kesebir. "A Growing Disconnection From Nature Is Evident in Cultural Products." Perspectives on Psychological Science 12, no. 2 (March 2017): 258–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1745691616662473.

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Human connection with nature is widely believed to be in decline even though empirical evidence is scarce on the magnitude and historical pattern of the change. Studying works of popular culture in English throughout the 20th century and later, we have documented a cultural shift away from nature that begins in the 1950s. Since then, references to nature have been decreasing steadily in fiction books, song lyrics, and film storylines, whereas references to the human-made environment have not. The observed temporal pattern is consistent with the explanatory role of increased virtual and indoors recreation options (e.g., television, video games) in the disconnect from nature, and it is inconsistent with a pure urbanization account. These findings are cause for concern, not only because they imply foregone physical and psychological benefits from engagement with nature, but also because cultural products are agents of socialization that can evoke curiosity, respect, and concern for the natural world.

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Moore, Rebecca. "Drinking the Kool-Aid: The Cultural Transformation of a Tragedy." Nova Religio 7, no. 2 (November 1, 2003): 92–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/nr.2003.7.2.92.

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The expression "drinking the Kool-Aid" has entered the American idiom with little reference to its origins in the Jonestown tragedy of 18 November 1978. Instead, people are using Jonestown—— the event——and Kool-Aid——the phrase——to signify a number of contradictory meanings and values. This is because those who died in Jonestown were ritually excluded from cultural consideration. The more traumatic the original incident, the more likely memory of that event will be forgotten or repressed. The author identifies the ways Kool-Aid and Jonestown are used in the news and on the Internet, and catalogues four main groups of uses: cult disasters, including 9/11; political uses; entertainment; and business uses. The categories of cult disasters and politics use Jonestown references negatively,thereby indicating a tenuous connection with the origins of the concepts. The entertainment and business worlds, however, use the references both negatively and positively,thus revealing dissociation and amnesia about the reality of Jonestown.

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Ramière, Nathalie. "Reaching a foreign audience." caleidoscópio: literatura e tradução 3, no. 1 (June 26, 2019): 07–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.26512/caleidoscopio.v3i1.25323.

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This paper examines some of the issues involved in the intercultural transfer of films. It focuses on the translation of culture-specific references and questions in particular the validity of the notions of foreignisation and domestication, brought to the fore of Translation Studies by Venuti (1995), as a conceptual framework traditionally used to discuss the strategies applied when translating cultural specifics. Drawing on the findings of a pilot study consisting of three French films dubbed and subtitled into English, this paper suggests a theoretical challenge by proposing a more pragmatic approach to the study of cultural transfer in audiovisual translation (AVT). More particularly, it will examine whether it is possible to observe any form of consistency in the strategies used for the translation of culturally-bound references and what this implies for the dialogic relationship between Self and Other, and the representation of alterity.KEYWORDS: Audiovisual translation, cultural transfer, culture-specific references, foreignisation, domestication

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Afifi, Weaam Sobhy Mohamed Afifi. "The Effect of Cultural Distance on Translating Cultural References in al-Zayyat's The Open Door (1960." CDELT Occasional Papers in the Development of English Education 67, no. 1 (July 1, 2019): 533–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.21608/opde.2019.133852.

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Murphy, E. M., and J. P. Mallory. "Herodotus and the cannibals." Antiquity 74, no. 284 (June 2000): 388–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003598x00059470.

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Herodotus' 5th-century BC Histories provide us with one of the earliest written accounts for the practice of cannibalism. This paper examines the references concerning cannibalism contained in Herodotus, reviews the theories proposed to account for these references, and suggests a new explanation for this cultural motif.

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Signorielli, Nancy. "Drinking, Sex, and Violence on Television: The Cultural Indicators Perspective." Journal of Drug Education 17, no. 3 (September 1987): 245–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/a96j-m8hd-q1fh-k26c.

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This article explores the portrayal of alcohol, alcoholics, and drinking in annual week-long samples of prime-time network dramatic programs. While references to alcohol and drinking have increased rather steadily since 1969, the number of alcoholics in each yearly sample has remained stable. The harmful effects of drinking alcoholic beverages were rarely mentioned. Programs that mention alcohol were also likely to have references to sexual behavior. The characters seen drinking alcoholic beverages—about 37 percent of all major characters—do not differ dramatically from other major characters. Alcoholics, however, are treated quite negatively. Respondents, especially whites and those who have been to college, from the 1977, 1978, 1980 and 1983 NORC General Social Surveys who watch four or more hours of television each day are somewhat less likely to reply that they occasionally drink alcoholic beverages than respondents who watch less television. Data from these surveys also reveal that smoking is positively related to television viewing-those respondents who say they watch four or more hours of television each day are also likely to respond that they smoke.

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Gulinck, Hubert, and Tim Wagendorp. "References for fragmentation analysis of the rural matrix in cultural landscapes." Landscape and Urban Planning 58, no. 2-4 (February 2002): 137–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0169-2046(01)00216-x.

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Sibson, Peter. "Subtitling norms for television: an exploration focussing on extralinguistic cultural references." International Journal of Bilingual Education and Bilingualism 15, no. 5 (September 2012): 611–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13670050.2012.660305.

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Bourgholtzer, Frank. "Archival sources and references." Journal of Peasant Studies 26, no. 4 (July 1999): 157–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03066159908438721.

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Nazzaro, Antonio V., and Enrique A. Eguiarte. "Juliano y la hondonada de Ansanto." Augustinus 54, no. 214 (2009): 479–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/augustinus200954214/21524.

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The article deals with the pagan sources where the Valley of Ansanto is mentioned, especially the works of Vergil, and also other cultural and literary references, since this Valley is explicitly mentioned by Julian of Eclanum in his controversy with Augustine (cf. c. lul. imp. 1,48). It presents also the references of Marius Mercator.

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Mazan-Mazurkiewicz, Alicja. "„Szekspir uważał, że należałoby ich wszystkich powiesić…” — czyli o tym, jak wielka sztuka służy morderstwu. Cykl powieściowy Alana Bradleya wobec twórczości Williama Szekspira." Literatura i Kultura Popularna 26 (September 16, 2021): 77–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.19195/0867-7441.26.7.

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The series of crime novels by the Canadian writer Alan Bradley can be perceived as a series about England and Englishness. William Shakespeare and his works constitute an extremely significant part among the cultural markers of Englishness. Thus, it is not surprising that in the world of literature there is a great number of references to the texts of the great playwright; and these references serve various functions and appear on different textual levels. The aim of this article is a thorough and multifaceted presentation of these references, as well as a demonstration of the literary character of the series about Flavia de Luce in the light of these references.

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Rom, Avital Hedva. "Beat the Drums or Break Them: Bells and Drums as Communication Devices in Early Chinese Warfare." Journal of Chinese Military History 9, no. 2 (October 19, 2020): 125–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22127453-bja10005.

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Abstract Warring States (453-221 BCE) and Western Han (206 BCE-9 CE) texts abound in references to drums and bells in discussions of warfare and martial affairs. This begs the question: how are we to understand such references? What role did these instruments have to play on the battlefield? This paper examines the role of sound in early Chinese warfare. By analyzing textual references to sound-producing instruments within the context of warfare, it seeks to emphasize the importance of organized sound production on the battlefield. I argue that, rather than mere ornamental “military music,” drums and bells were perceived by early Chinese strategists as indispensable sonic communication devices, which played a crucial role in victory or defeat in any battle.

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López, Isis Herrero. "Translating Social and Material Culture: Sanditon in Spanish." Translation and Literature 27, no. 1 (March 2018): 53–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/tal.2018.0321.

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A plenitude of references to the institutions and conventions of contemporary social life and material culture presents challenges to all translators of Jane Austen. For this reason, the translation process needs to be based on a mastery of information about Regency England. The study of Spanish-language translations of Austen's Sanditon suggests they are not so based, because the translators frequently overlook the relevance of these references. References to the gentry class, to medical professionals, and to contemporary forms of transport, among other things, are examined in five translations from three different countries (Spain, Argentina, and Mexico). The translation choices made often obscure the implications which historico-cultural references bring to Austen's writings.

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Hiller, Jürgen. "„Skal vi tro, at det er Barnets virkelige Navn?“ — Namen als Ausgangspunkte intertextueller Dialogizität in Karen Blixens „Alkmene“." European Journal of Scandinavian Studies 50, no. 1 (April 28, 2020): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ejss-2020-0001.

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AbstractKaren Blixen’s works are characterized by a plurality of intertextual references. The article wants to explore in-depth a specific facet, the reference function of names in one of Blixen’s Winter’s Tales, “Alkmene”. Besides the well-known mythological references, evidence shows a pronounced dialogue of Blixen’s text with works of St. St. Blicher, Shakespeare and Goethe. Most previous interest concentrated on mythological and explicitly referenced names whereas e. g. the affinity in the relation between Blixen’s Alkmene and Vilhelm and the corresponding relation between Goethe’s Wilhelm Meister and Mignon has gone unnoticed. The intertexts are not only communicating with Blixen’s “Alkmene”, but constitute a common resonating cavity in which some themes are taken up in almost all of the texts.

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Zevenbergen, Andrea Angell, Ewa Haman, and Jason Andrew Zevenbergen. "“Do You Remember Going to the Beach?”: References to Internal States in Polish and American Mother-Preschooler Shared Narratives." Psychology of Language and Communication 22, no. 1 (January 1, 2018): 441–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/plc-2018-0020.

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Abstract The present study examined references to cognitive states and emotions in narratives produced by mothers and preschoolers (aged 3 or 5 years) in Polish and American families. Participants were 32 mother-child dyads from Poland and 32 mother-child dyads from the United States. The two samples were matched with regard to child age, child gender, maternal age, and maternal education. The mother-child dyads were asked to tell three personal narratives. The co-constructed narratives were coded for mother and child references to cognitive states and emotions. Polish mothers were found to include significantly more references to cognitive states in their narratives than American mothers. Results also revealed significant correlations between mothers’ and children’s references to cognitive states across both samples. Related to child development, 5-year-olds produced significantly more tokens in the narratives than 3-year-olds. This study shows that mothers’ use of cognitive state terms in shared narratives with their young children differs across two Western cultural contexts. The results of this study are discussed with regard to two themes in developmental psycholinguistics: relations between maternal and child language use, and cross-cultural variation.

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Wang, Qi, Huan Liu, and Kaiyi Liu. "Marketing Strategy Analysis of the Palace Museum." Journal of Finance Research 3, no. 2 (October 29, 2019): 16. http://dx.doi.org/10.26549/jfr.v3i2.2210.

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The development of cultural innovation is benefcial for museums to give full play to their cultural advantages and improve their economic benefts, accordingly forming a virtuous circle. This paper analyzes the cultural and creative brand marketing environment and strategy of the Palace Museum, hoping to provide some references for other museums through the analysis and summary of cultural and creative brand marketing strategy of the Palace Museum.

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Ali, Sardar. "Manto and Culture: An Exploration of Cultural Code in Manto’s “My Name is Radha”." University of Chitral Journal of Linguistics and Literature 5, no. II (December 30, 2021): 79–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.33195/jll.v5iii.328.

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This study aims to explore Manto’s short story “My Name is Radha” from a cultural perspective. The purpose of the investigation is to bring the hidden meaning to the surface, which is there but not visible. Manto has used many political, religious, historical, and cultural references in the story, which are significant in the understanding of the researcher. These references have deflected the norms, values, and taboos of Indian society. These are investigated with the help of Barthes, cultural code. This code helps in cultural understanding of the story. The study finds that Manto has used many cultural elements in his text like, bhai, behan, Raksha Bandan, kurta, sari, and panjama. These words provide a vivid description of the Indian people, as well as their culture. Furthermore, this study discovers that Manto has used a unique codec language to portray the way of living of the Indian people. Sometimes he has spoken directly of the cultural taboos and sometimes he has spoken indirectly of the said. The study concludes that the writer has deflected the society through different cultural elements. And these elements help in the true understanding of the text.

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Auwen, Aurora, Mark Emmons, and Walter Dehority. "Portrayal of Immunization in American Cinema: 1925 to 2016." Clinical Pediatrics 59, no. 4-5 (January 22, 2020): 360–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0009922819901004.

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The American media often disseminates antivaccination messages. Cinema in particular reaches many individuals and influences attitudes regarding high-risk behaviors such as smoking and alcohol use. We hypothesized that negative cinematic portrayals of immunization have increased over the last 3 decades. Films released in the United States featuring immunization through 2016 were identified on IMDb and viewed in their entirety by 2 reviewers. Themes were recorded, and the portrayal of immunization (positive, negative, or mixed) across each decade was assessed in a logistic regression model. Cultural references attributed to films (eg, television references) were recorded from the “connection” feature on IMDb. Fifty relevant films were identified (1925-2016). Negative/mixed portrayals of immunization were more frequent after 1990 (odds ratio = 4.0, 95% confidence interval = 1.2-13.5), and films with positive immunization portrayals garnered significantly fewer cultural references than films with negative/mixed portrayals (mean = 9.2 vs 56.2, P = .048). American cinema features increasingly negative portrayals of immunization.

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Quílez i Corella, Francesc M. "The cultural and iconographic references of «The stamps collector» by Marià Fortuny." Locus Amoenus 10 (December 1, 2010): 243. http://dx.doi.org/10.5565/rev/locus.212.

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Wellbeloved, Sophia. "G.I. Gurdjieff: Some references to love." Journal of Contemporary Religion 13, no. 3 (October 1998): 321–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13537909808580839.

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Doan, Stacey N., Helen Y. Lee, and Qi Wang. "Maternal mental state language is associated with trajectories of Chinese immigrant children’s emotion situation knowledge." International Journal of Behavioral Development 43, no. 1 (June 25, 2018): 43–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0165025418783271.

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We investigated the role of mothers’ references to mental states and behaviors and children’s emotion situation knowledge (ESK) in a prospective, cross-cultural context. European American mothers ( n = 71) and Chinese immigrant mothers ( n = 60) and their children participated in the study. Maternal references to mental states and behaviors were assessed at Time 1 when children were three years of age. ESK was assessed when children were 3, 3.5, and 4.5 years of age. Multi-group latent growth curve analyses were used to model children’s growth in ESK over time, as well as relations between mental state language and references to behaviors on children’s trajectories. Results indicated that maternal references to mental states were associated with concurrent levels of ESK for European American children, and change over time for the Chinese immigrant children. Maternal references to behaviors were negatively associated with concurrent ESK for both groups.

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Kian Ming, Lim, and Fan Pik Shy. "A Study of Cultural Elements in High Level Chinese Language Textbooks for Primary National School." International Journal of Modern Languages And Applied Linguistics 5, no. 4 (November 29, 2021): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.24191/ijmal.v5i4.15903.

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This study examines the cultural elements in Teaching Chinese as a Second Language (TCSL) based on six high-level of National Primary School’s Chinese Language (BCSK) textbooks, which are textbooks of BCSK KBSR (Primary School Integrated Curriculum) Standard four to Standard six and textbooks of BCSK KSSR (Primary School Standard Curriculum) Standard four to Standard six in order to investigate the changes of cultural elements content and describe the features of cultural elements in this two sets of high-level BCSK textbooks. Researcher has used library research methods and information technology methods to collect data and then use quantitative and qualitative analysis methods to calculate cultural elements in high-level BCSK textbooks by referenced to the criteria of classification of cultural elements which designed by researcher based on previous studies as well as the references of TCSL experts. The results showed that (1) high level BCSK KSSR textbooks are found that had more cultural elements for the total number of 622 compared to 522 in high-level BCSK KBSR textbook with the increasing of 19.16% and (2) high-level BCSK KSSR textbooks can be said to be more ideal to fostering communicative competence as the cultural elements in this set of BCSK textbooks are more geared towards communicative cultural elements with a record rate of 46.30% compared to 39.27% only in high-level BCSK KBSR textbooks.

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Chang, Tzu-Fen, Chamarrita Farkas, Daniela Vilca, and Claire Vallotton. "U.S. and Chilean Mothers’ Use of Mental References With Infant Girls and Boys: Comparison of Maternal Practices in Gender Socialization via Language in Two Countries." Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology 48, no. 8 (July 21, 2017): 1271–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022022117720752.

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Variability in parents’ socialization of gender across countries has been understudied. To address the gap, this study compares U.S. and Chilean mothers’ practices in socialization of gender through use of mental state language. Drawing on 90 Chilean and 52 U.S. mother–infant dyads, we examined variation in the frequencies of mothers’ utterances of five types of mental references—emotion, desire, physiological states, causal talk, and cognition—to determine whether they varied by country and infant gender. Infant age ranged between 10 and 15 months. The frequencies with which both U.S. and Chilean mothers in our sample talked about most mental references did not vary according to infant gender, with the exceptions of causal talk in the United States. Specifically, the U.S. mothers used more causal talk with girls than boys. There were more similarities than differences in maternal use of the mental references in the U.S. and Chilean samples. This study did not observe gendered socialization practices through the use of these mental references in infancy among the U.S. and Chilean mothers. Instead, the current study suggests that, using mothers’ mental references in the child’s first year as the indicator, both gender-neutral and cross-gendered socialization practices emerge in the United States, and only gender-neutral socialization practices emerge in Chile.

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Buckingham, Louisa. "Race, space and commerce in multi-ethnic Costa Rica: a linguistic landscape inquiry." International Journal of the Sociology of Language 2018, no. 254 (October 25, 2018): 1–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ijsl-2018-0031.

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Abstract Costa Rica officially became a multi-ethnic, pluricultural nation in 2015. Representatives from the principal minorities, in particular Afro-Costa Ricans and indigenous peoples, played an important role in contesting the erstwhile dominant narrative of Costa Rican’s white European settler heritage. One of the intended consequences of the constitutional amendment was to ensure greater salience of ethnic minorities in public policy and social life. This study investigates the public display of linguistic and cultural diversity on commercial and community signage in six urban centres of Limón, the most ethnically diverse province. Undertaken in the same year as the constitutional amendment, the study examines the inclusion of languages and cultural references attributable to three main minority groups (Afro-Caribbean, Chinese and indigenous), and more recent migrant settlers, in public space. Greater salience was found in locations appearing to target a local readership; references to indigenous cultures were almost completely absent, however. Changes in the public narrative on Costa Rican identity may gradually encourage greater salience of official minority groups on public signage. An immediate challenge entails the effects of the expanding tourism sector, as this appears to favour a proliferation of decontextualized international cultural references rather than an appreciation of locality and historical rootedness.

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Tomaiuolo, Saverio. "Translating "America's most nuclear family" into Italian: Dubbing and cultural adaptation in The Simpsons." Translation and Interpreting Studies 2, no. 2 (January 1, 2007): 43–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/tis.2.2.02tom.

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The Simpsons is one of the most successful cartoons and one of the most famous (and widely quoted) sitcoms in TV history, a mass-media phenomenon and the longest-running prime-time animated show in television history. As a typical postmodern creation, it oscillates between a work of art and a consumer good to be exported and sold. Translators and dubbing teams attempting to reproduce it in another language (and culture) must deal confidently with an enormous amount of textual material. This article analyzes the practical strategies adopted by Italian translators using selected episodes from Season Five (with references to other seasons and episodes). As this analysis of the Italian edition will try to demonstrate that, while The Simpsons undoubtedly remains an American ‘product’, many of its themes and references are part of a global cultural background whose adaptation for a ‘local’ audience, such as the Italian one, can still be possible.

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Cifone Ponte, María Daniela, and Andrés Canga Alonso. "Emerging Stereotypes about the Target Culture through Popular Culture and Cultural Heritage References in EFL Textbooks." World Journal of English Language 11, no. 1 (March 29, 2021): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/wjel.v11n1p43.

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EFL textbooks are not only grammar references but also a tool through which learners get their first glimpses to the target culture. Thus, their content should be carefully selected to avoid providing the learners with a conventionalized view of the target society which is likely to contribute to create cultural stereotypes. This paper analyzes references to the target culture through the examination of two cultural categories: Popular Culture and Cultural Heritage in five 2nd Baccalaureate EFL textbooks used in La Rioja, Spain. The main purpose of the present study is to explore (i) the status of the target culture over other cultures in these materials and, (ii) the gender, nationality and ethnic stereotypes that may emerge from their content. Results evince that the target culture is predominant in EFL textbooks used by 2nd Baccalaureate students and stereotypes related to gender, ethnicity and nationalities are strongly present in their content.

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Fontaine, Alexandre. "Transferts culturels et pédagogie : reconnecter l'histoire de nos systèmes éducatifs à leurs racines métissées." Didactica Historica 2, no. 1 (2016): 63–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.33055/didacticahistorica.2016.002.01.63.

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For over thirty years, research on Cultural Transfer studies, nestings and mediations between cultural spaces to understand by which mechanisms idenparticularly useful methodological tools for the history of education, because it tends to decompartmentalise the educational areas of their traditional frameworks – cantonal or national – to reconnect them with their foreign references.

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Pastori, Giulia, and Francesca Linda Zaninelli. "I consumi culturali dei figli: la madre come "mediatrice culturale"." IKON, no. 56 (November 2009): 149–224. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/ikr2008-056006.

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- This research project explores the ‘cultural diet' of immigrant children aged 3-6 and the role of cultural mediation played by their mothers in relation to a specific issue which connotes the migration experience of double ‘loyalties' and the double process of acculturation as experienced by ‘first and second' generations from diverse perspectives: loyalty and integration oriented towards the host society and also towards the home country and culture. The project involved a group of 8 Peruvian and 8 North-African Arab women, mothers of children attending the ECEC services in Milan. They were interviewed as favoured witnesses in order to explore the ‘cultural diets' of their children, family choices regarding cultural products such as books, TV programs and new media, toys, games and outdoor activities. On the basis of the interviews, the researchers interpret and reconstruct mothers' attitudes, ideas, choices and emotions in relation the their specific role as ‘cultural mediators' for their children's ‘cultural diets', characterized by double cultural references (host and home culture). More specifically, the ‘mediation action' within an individual's and group's spectrum of nuances aims at finding the delicate balance between assimilation to the new context, protection from undesired elements of the new context and the maintenance of cultural identity anchors from the home country. The data offers thought-provoking themes, opens new research questions and gives meaningful information, we think, for practitioners in ECEC services and schools. It is becoming more and more crucial to recognize and understand the real living conditions of immigrants, cultural attitudes regarding education and upbringing, the challenging complexity of double/multiple processes of acculturation and integration. Immigrant parents, acting as cultural mediators for their children, need to be supported in order to promote the active integration of children within the Italian context, supporting an identity that integrates the cultures of the home and host countries.

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Silva, Emanuelly Mylena Velozo. "A Importância do Inventário Participativo na Preservação do Patrimônio Cultural." Revista Discente Ofícios de Clio 5, no. 8 (October 14, 2020): 201. http://dx.doi.org/10.15210/clio.v5i8.19051.

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O Patrimônio Cultural no Brasil possui o Tombamento e o Registro como instrumentos de salvaguarda para, respectivamente, o Patrimônio Material e o Patrimônio Imaterial. A partir do ano de 2000, é criado o Inventário Nacional de Referências Culturais (INRC) que contempla o Inventário como forma de registro do patrimônio. Com as suas transformações ao passar do tempo, um dos tipos que mais democratizou o acesso do patrimônio cultural à sociedade foi o Inventário Participativo, onde a própria comunidade toma a iniciativa de identificar e registrar suas referências culturais. Portanto, o presente artigo irá abordar como esse novo tipo de instrumento cultural aproxima e quebra barreiras entre a sociedade civil e o Estado, unindo-se no benefício da preservação do patrimônio cultural nacional.Palavras-chave: Inventário Participativo; Patrimônio Cultural; Preservação; Sociedade.Abstract Cultural Heritage in Brazil has listed and registered as safeguard instruments for, respectively, Material Heritage and Intangible Heritage. Established in 2000, the National Inventory of Cultural References (NICR) was created, which contemplates the Inventory as a way of registering the patrimony. With its transformations over time, one of the types that most democratized the access of cultural heritage to society was the Participatory Inventory, in which the community itself takes the initiative to identify and register its cultural references. Therefore, this paper will address how this new type of cultural instrument approaches and breaks down barriers between civil society and the State, uniting in the benefit of the preservation of the national cultural heritage. Keywords: Participatory Inventory; Cultural heritage; Preservation; Society.

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Santelices, María Pía, Claire De Ann Vallotton, Chamarrita Farkas, Tzu-Fen Chang, Eduardo Franco, and Ana María Gallardo. "Mothers’ Use of Regulatory Talk with Toddlers in Chile and the US: How Do Cultural Values and Children’s Gender Affect Mothers’ Regulatory Talk at 12 and 30 Months?" Children 8, no. 10 (September 30, 2021): 874. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/children8100874.

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Studies have shown that Chilean and US infants differ in their levels of self-regulation. One of the mechanisms of early socializing is the use of language, particularly mental state language. The current study seeks to deepen our knowledge of the ways in which mental state language is related to socialization processes in early childhood, including the ways both culture and children’s gender influence a mothers’ use of mental state talk. We used a quantitative and descriptive approach with 109 mothers and their children (64 Chilean and 45 US dyads), measured twice, at 12 and 30 months old. Mental state references related to regulation were coded during a story-sharing task, including positive (calm and patient) and negative (messy and impatient) references to regulating behavior. Chilean mothers generally showed more regulatory references than US mothers, especially if the children were at a younger age (12 month). Frequencies of regulatory references increased in US mothers at 30 months but were still less than in Chilean mothers. At the 12-month measuring point, Chilean mothers showed more negative regulatory attributes than positive regulatory attributes. Finally, US mothers mainly used references to secondary emotions (e.g., pride) and positive regulatory attributes (being obedient, mature and patient) at both ages.

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Orozović, Anja. "Funktionen der bildenden Kunst im literarischen Werk E. T. A. Hoffmanns / The Functions of Fine Arts in the Literary Work of E. T. A. Hoffmann." Journal of the Faculty of Philosophy in Sarajevo / Radovi Filozofskog fakulteta u Sarajevu, ISSN 2303-6990 on-line, no. 24 (November 10, 2021): 349–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.46352/23036990.2021.349.

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E. T. A. Hoffmann was a multi-talented artist who was not only known as a writer but as well as a composer and a draftsman. These talents can be noticed through various traces within his literary work. The references to the fine arts characterize Hoffmann’s entire oeuvre from the early to the late phase. The interest in certain artists and works, which Hoffmann adopted both in Dresden and during the Bamberg and Berlin periods, can be encountered through various references, especially within his narratives. The presented article includes three story collections: Fantasiestücke in Callots Manier,. Blätter aus dem Tagebuche eines reisenden Enthusiasten (1814/15), Nachtstücke (1816/17), and Die Serapionsbrüder (1819/21). It begins by referring to Hoffmann’s engagement with various artistic models, and then goes on to examine the traces of these encounters. The approach divides the references into four categories that within selected narratives reference to different features. Hoffmann not only relays on the traditionally painterly genres of fantasy and nocturne, but also attempts to transpose their characteristics into literature. The works of visual artists can serve as narrative prompts, or to shape the protagonist and landscape depictions. The above-mentioned references contribute to a better understanding of Hoffmann’s narrative work, both on the poetological level and on the level of content.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Cultural References'

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