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Books on the topic 'Cultural value orientation'
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1
Pak, T'ong-hŭi. Interpersonal trust with cultural value orientations of the Korean central government bureaucrats. Seoul, Korea: Ewha Womans University Press, 2007.
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2
National value orientation for socio-economic development: Papers of the National Institute Concluding Seminars 2005. Kuru, Nigeria: National Institute, 2006.
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3
A, Cassiday Patricia, ed. 52 activities for exploring values differences. Yarmouth, Me: Intercultural Press, 2003.
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4
Soon, Ang, and Tan Joo-Seng, eds. CQ: Developing cultural intelligence at work. Stanford, Calif: Stanford Business Books, 2006.
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5
Stringer, Donna, and Patricia Cassidy. 52 Activities for Exploring Value Differences. Intercultural Press, 2003.
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6
Andreevich, Lukov Valeriĭ, ed. Social and cultural value orientations of Russian youth: The theoretical and empirical researches. Moscow: Moscow University for the Humanities, 2007.
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7
Camasso, Michael J., and Radha Jagannathan. Caught in the Cultural Preference Net. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190672782.001.0001.
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In this book, the authors focus their attention on the role that culture, that collection of values, beliefs, attitudes, and preferences responsible for creating national identities, has played and continues to play on individuals’ decisions when they are in or about to enter the labor market. At a time when millennials face many employment challenges and Generation Z can be expected to encounter even more, a clearer understanding of the ways cultural transmission could facilitate or hinder productive and rewarding work would appear to be both useful and well-timed. The book’s title—Caught in the Cultural Preference Net: Three Generations of Employment Choices in Six Capitalist Democracies—conveys the authors’ aim to determine if work-related beliefs, attitudes, and preferences have remained stable across generations or if they have become pliant under changing economic conditions. And while millennials serve as the anchoring point for much of our discussion, they do not neglect the significance that their parents from Generation X (b. 1965–1982) and their baby boomer parents (b. 1945–1964) may have had on their socialization into the world of work. The book is organized around three lines of inquiry: (a) Do some national cultures possess value orientations that are more successful than others in promoting economic opportunity? (b) Does the transmission of these value orientations demonstrate persistence irrespective of economic conditions or are they simply the result of these conditions? (c) If a nation’s beliefs and attitudes do indeed impact opportunity, do they do so by influencing an individual’s preferences and behavioral intentions? The authors’ principal method for isolating the employment effects of cultural transmission is what is referred to as a stated preference experiment. They replicate this experiment in six countries—Germany, Sweden, Spain, Italy, India, and the United States—countries that have historically adopted significantly different forms of capitalism. They not only find some strong evidence for cultural stability across countries but also observe an erosion in this stability among millennials.
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Bhugra, Dinesh, Antonio Ventriglio, and Kamaldeep S. Bhui. Practical Cultural Psychiatry. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198723196.001.0001.
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Cultures are defined in many ways and may mean different things. Culture consists of meanings, symbols, and ways of living that are shared by a group of people and within consists of microidentities which are related to gender, religion, sexual orientation, and many other factors. Cultures influence our world view, child rearing, responses to distress, explanatory models, and pathways into professional care. Increasingly, clinicians in medicine, but in psychiatry in particular, have become aware of the way that culture affects precipitating distress, its perpetuation, and prognosis. Cultures and society determine how healthcare is funded. Cultures are not confined to patients; health professionals also carry their own cultures related to professional values and training. Therefore it is important for healthcare professionals to be culturally competent, which reflects good clinical practice. In this volume, practical ways of assessing and managing patients are described, especially for those patients whose cultural background may be different from those of clinicians. It is critical to understand the impact of culture on individuals, their families, and their carers. Assessment using clinical tools needs to be culturally appropriate and sensitive too. Instruments for assessment need to be valid and culturally appropriate. Cultural formulations are helpful in ascertaining contributing and relieving factors. Engaging therapeutically and developing a therapeutic alliance is at the heart of successful patient outcomes. The impact of culture on presentation is described. Using medications in appropriate ways is explained, along with pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics.
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Schiffman, Zachary Sayre. Montaigne. Edited by Philippe Desan. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190215330.013.8.
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This article shows how Montaigne’s Essays can clarify the problem of historical periodization by demonstrating the differences between early modern, modern, and postmodern sensibilities. These terms have arisen in the wake of disputes over Jacob Burckhardt’s interpretation of the Renaissance, offering the appearance of a more value-free alternative to his period scheme. An examination of the Essays, however, reveals that these terms are not mere chronological markers but embody crucial, normative differences. In contrast to the modern sensibility that perceives selfhood as the product of historical and cultural context, Montaigne regarded it as reflected in, rather than shaped by, his context. This early modern tendency engendered in him a form of radical relativism akin to that of postmodernism, a form of relativism that appeals to twenty-first-century readers and that can provide a new orientation in a complex world.
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Holly, Lindsay E., Ryan D. Stoll, Amy M. Rapp, Armando A. Pina, and Denise A. Chavira. Psychosocial Treatments That “Work” for Ethnic Minority Youth. Edited by Thomas H. Ollendick, Susan W. White, and Bradley A. White. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190634841.013.10.
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This chapter critically evaluates treatments for internalizing and externalizing disorders in ethnic minority youth based on empirically supported treatment criteria and the methodological robustness of the scientific evidence. There continues to be no well-established treatment for externalizing or internalizing disorders in ethnic minority youth. There continues to be no evidence that treatments are robust across cultures and subcultures, and there is a lack of attention to explanatory variables (e.g., acculturation, cultural orientation, values). In the meantime, an articulation for providers is suggested based on data about putative mediators of change and best practices for working in the contexts of cultural diversity. For researchers, the chapter articulates four avenues believed to be the core to advancing treatment science for ethnic minority youth.
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Bhatia, Sunil. Studying Globalization at Home. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199964727.003.0009.
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This chapter documents the ethnographic context in which the interviews and participant observation were conducted for the study presented in this book. It also situates the study within the context of narrative inquiry and develops arguments about the role of self-reflexivity in doing ethnography at “home” and producing qualitative forms of knowledge that are based on personal, experiential, and cultural narratives. It is argued that there is significant interest in the adoption of interpretive methods or qualitative research in psychology. The qualitative approaches in psychology present a provocative and complex vision of how the key concepts related to describing and interpreting cultural codes, social practices, and lived experience of others are suffused with both poetical and political elements of culture. The epistemological and ontological assumptions undergirding qualitative research reflect multiple “practices of inquiry” and methodologies that have different orientations, assumptions, values, ideologies, and criterion of excellence.
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Ang, Soon, P. Earley, and Joo-Seng Tan. CQ: Developing Cultural Intelligence at Work (Stanford Business Books). Stanford Business Books, 2006.
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14
Wadeson, Nigel. Cognitive Aspects of Entrepreneurship: Decision-Making and Attitudes to Risk. Edited by Anuradha Basu, Mark Casson, Nigel Wadeson, and Bernard Yeung. Oxford University Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199546992.003.0004.
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This article reviews literature on the study of the cognition of entrepreneurs, and how this affects their attitudes to risk. The review begins with the heuristics and biases approach. Various decision-making biases related to over-optimism are then considered. Following this perceived self-efficacy, intrinsic motivation and intentions-based models are discussed. Some theories dealing specifically with attitudes to risk are then covered. These include prospect theory, Kahneman and Lovalo's model of risk-taking, and Das and Teng's theory of risk horizons and future orientations. Finally, the option value and information cost approach to the analysis of entrepreneurs' decision-making is discussed. Some relevant references to culture research are also given in the conclusion.
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Melidoro, Domenico. Dealing with Diversity. Edited by Aakash Singh Rathore. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190121136.001.0001.
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The diversity of cultures, religions, and moral values and the ways in which liberalism deals with this plurality is the topic at the centre of this book. The author illustrates, in a critical and original way, the recent international debate on liberalism and diversity. In doing that, he discusses some controversial issues such as multiculturalism and minority rights, immigration, religious pluralism, children education, and the place of religion in society as well. After an analysis of some recent liberal theories, the book works out a solution to the problem of ensuring a peaceful and stable coexistence of different groups within the same institutional setting. It is a solution that is liberal in its general orientation, since it has a liberal allegiance to equality and individual rights. However, the proposed solution tries to recognize the due space to community loyalties, religious belongings, and cultural traditions. In addition to this, the author proposes a new theory of political obligation, namely of how a plural society can persist, notwithstanding deep cultural and religious pluralism. In this book, the analytical rigour typical of the philosophical tradition, is not separated from attention to social reality and its problems. In fact, particularly interesting is the way in which the book tests its theoretical achievements with the issue of religious pluralism in India. The outcome is that peaceful coexistence and respect for religious freedoms is possible even in a fragmented society such as India.
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Beste, Jennifer. College Students’ Ethnographic Observations of Parties and Hookups. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190268503.003.0002.
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Student ethnographers describe contemporary college culture as encouraging a profound split in identity for students who wish to excel both academically and socially. During the day, college students are responsible young adults who successfully manage the demands of classes, jobs, and extracurricular activities. On party nights, however, many adopt completely different personas and values, ones that find fun and relief from stress in carefree or reckless behavior that often involves binge drinking and hooking up. This chapter explores college students’ party personas by analyzing sober undergraduate ethnographers’ observations of their peers at parties. They describe what happens before, during, and after parties, and analyze variations in social interactions within and between various social groups based on gender, ethnicity, and sexual orientation.
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Hart, Roderick P., and Rebecca LaVally. Not a Fourth Estate but a Second Legislature. Edited by Kate Kenski and Kathleen Hall Jamieson. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199793471.013.005.
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This essay argues that political journalism more closely resembles a Second Legislature of debaters than a Fourth Estate of onlookers. Here, we examine the scholarly literature on political news, specifically its linguistic qualities, to assert that journalism acts as a legislature in six ways: (1) By being a vessel of accommodation, (2) by prioritizing nativist agendas, (3) by reproducing regnant power dynamics, (4) by emphasizing traditionalist values, (5) by emphasizing proletarian attitudes, and (6) by being presentistic in orientation. Journalists choose the terms of debate—words that can advantage those in power or sometimes those seeking it. If all politics is local, so essentially is news of politics, fashioned by reporters in constituents’ vernacular. Although journalism guards against disorder, giving sway to institutional priorities, it also can be a cultural bellwether, capable of farsightedness and inclusion. In describing reporters as legislators, we bestow one of the highest compliments a democracy can pay its citizens.
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Anderson, Amanda. Psyche and Ethos. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198755821.001.0001.
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Contemporary culture is saturated with psychological concepts and ideas, from anxiety to narcissism to trauma. While it might seem that concern over psychological conditions is intrinsically oriented toward moral questions about what promotes individual and collective well-being, from the advent of Freudian psychoanalysis in the late nineteenth century up to recent findings in cognitive science, psychology has posed a continuing challenge to traditional concepts of moral deliberation, judgment, and action, all core components of moral philosophy and central to understandings of character and tragedy in literature. Using a range of examples from literature and literary criticism alongside discussions of psychological literature extending from psychoanalysis to recent cognitive science and social psychology, this book explores the nature of psychology’s several challenges to morality and ultimately argues for a renewed look at the persistence of moral orientations toward life and the values of integrity, fidelity, and repair that they privilege. Writings by Shakespeare, Henry James, and George Eliot, and the contributions of British object relations theorists in the post-war period, help to draw out the fundamental ways we experience moral time, the forms of elusive duration that constitute loss, grief, regret, and the desire for amends. While acknowledging the power and necessity of psychological frameworks, Psyche and Ethos aims to restore moral understanding and moral experience to a more central place in our understanding of psychic life and the literary tradition.
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Conoley, Collie W., and Michael J. Scheel. Goal Focused Positive Psychotherapy. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med-psych/9780190681722.001.0001.
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Goal Focused Positive Psychotherapy presents the first comprehensive positive psychology psychotherapy model that optimizes well-being and thereby diminishes psychological distress. The theory of change is the Broaden-and-Build Theory of positive emotions. The therapeutic process promotes client strengths, hope, positive emotions, and goals. The book provides the foundational premises, empirical support, theory, therapeutic techniques and interventions, a training model, case examples, and future directions. A three-year study is presented that reveals that Goal Focused Positive Psychotherapy (GFPP) was as effective as cognitive-behavioral therapy and short-term psychodynamic therapies, which fits the meta-analyses of therapy outcome studies that no bona fide psychotherapy achieves superior outcome. However, GFPP was significantly more attractive to the clients. Descriptions are provided of the Broaden-and-Build Theory, therapy goals based upon clients’ values and personal meaning (i.e., approach goals and intrinsic goals), identification and use of clients’ personal strengths (including client culture), centrality of hope and hope theory, the implicit theory of personal change or the growth mindset, and finally Self-Determination Theory. The techniques and interventions of GFPP as well as the importance of the therapist’s intentions during therapy are presented. GFPP focuses upon the client and relationship while not viewing psychotherapy as a set of potent scripted treatments that acts upon the client. Goal Focused Positive Supervision is presented as a new model that supports the supervisee’s strength-based self-definition rather than a pathological one or deficit orientation. Training that includes the experiential learning of GFPP principles is underscored.