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Journal articles on the topic 'Cultural value orientation'
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Kasemsap, Kijpokin. "Cultural Perspectives and Cultural Dynamics." International Journal of Art, Culture and Design Technologies 5, no. 1 (January 2016): 35–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijacdt.2016010103.
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The purpose of this article is to summarize the insights from the literature review focusing on the advanced issues and approaches of cultural perspectives and cultural dynamics. The literature review includes various issues of organizational culture, cultural intelligence (CQ), cultural awareness, cultural competence, cultural value, cultural orientation, cultural dimensions, and cultural dynamics. Belonging to a culture can provide individuals with an easy way to connect with others who share the same mindset and values. Culture offers a chance to connect and share the individual's history and beliefs toward business growth and economic development. It is important that individuals should understand the importance of organizational culture, CQ, cultural awareness, cultural competence, cultural value, cultural orientation, cultural dimensions, and cultural dynamics toward gaining improved organizational performance and reaching strategic goals in the digital age.
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Shinmo Lee. "Effect of Cultural Value Orientation to Retail Selection." Productivity Review 23, no. 3 (September 2009): 205–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.15843/kpapr.23.3.200909.205.
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Siddiqi, N., and M. Shafiq. "Cultural value orientation and gender equity: a review." Social Psychology and Society 8, no. 3 (2017): 31–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.17759/sps.2017080304.
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In the recent past, gender issues have grabbed substantial attention from social scientists, activists and academic fraternity. Right from family to workplace to society at large, attempts have been initiated to advocate equal rights for women in different spheres of life. Despite social activists and policy makers striving hard towards gender sensitization, gender discrimination still persists in various domains of life. Therefore, there is a strong need to identify the factors that potentially determine people’s attitude towards gender equity. With this very objective, the current study examines existing literature on gender discrimination and its association with Hofstede’s (1980) cultural values. Following the “Gender-Organization-System Approach”, the present study postulates that gender equality or inequality results from a complex interaction of individual, organizational and societal factors and that it cannot be explained in isolation from the broader socio-cultural milieu. Extensive review of literature indicates that cultural values are significant predictors of people’s attitude towards gender equity and that the extent to which people conform to existing gender roles determine how much people support the idea of gender equality. The study has significant practical implications since, by means of detecting such “causal factors”, more positive attitudinal changes can be brought about and gender egalitarian attitudes can be cultivated.
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Demmalino, Eymal B., Muslim Salam, Hendra Sudirman, and M. Saleh S. Ali. "CULTURAL VALUE ORIENTATION OF SANDO BATU INDIGENOUS COMMUNITY." Journal of Asian Rural Studies 1, no. 2 (July 5, 2017): 152. http://dx.doi.org/10.20956/jars.v1i2.1186.
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The focus of this research was to explore the Sando Batu indigenous community who live in harmony with nature. This study aimed to describe the cultural values orientation of the community. The study used a phenomenological approach by combining three methods of data collection, namely interviews, participant observation, and documentation. The theoretical framework used was Kluckhon value orientation which was widely used. The study was carry out on hamlet of Wala-wala of Pitu Riase Subdistrict of Sidenreng Rappang district where this community settle. The informants in this study consisted of seven people who were determinedby snowball sampling technique. The first informant was selected purposively namely the former head of the village and then the rest of informants were selected by snowball technique. The data were analyzed by using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA). The results showed that the cultural values orientation of indigenous communities Sando Batu believes that life is difficult but must still be fought, the work is for survival, oriented to the future, harmony with nature, and relationship with one another was horizontal relationship.
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Darmanto, Darmanto, Sri Wardaya, Lilis Sulistyani, and Basuki Sri Rahayu. "A Model of Mixed Strategic Orientations Based on Environment in Achieving a Tough Performance of MSMEs." Ijtimā'iyya: Journal of Muslim Society Research 5, no. 1 (March 27, 2020): 19–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.24090/ijtimaiyya.v5i1.3086.
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This study aims to design a model in achieving superior performance of MSMEs. The mixed strategic orientations of demography, economy and cultural values are used to design this model. The mixed strategic orientations consist of customer, competitor and innovation orientations. Demographic variables consist of age, experience and education. Economic variables consist of government, price, income and growth. Cultural value variables consist of Javanese, Chinese and Padang cultural values. Customer orientation variables have an antecedent variable that consist of entrepreneurship, reward and learning. The change orientation variable moderates the customer and competitor orientations to the innovation orientation. Variable of competitive advantage mediates customer and competitor orientations on MSMEs’ performance. The population of this study consists of food MSMEs in Central Java. The 750 samples are chosen with convenient sampling technique. Data analysis mrthod used the Cross-tab Analysis and Structural Equation Model (SEM). The result of this research is a model explaining that demography, economy and cultural values influence antecedent variables of customer orientation, dimension of strategic orientations and organizational performance. The antecedent variables affect customer orientation; the dimension of strategic orientations affects performance; Variable of change of capacity unmoderates customer and competitor orientations on innovation orientation. Variable of competitive advantage unmediates customer, innovation and competitor orientations on performance. An abstract should accompany each manuscript; it should be completely self-consistent (i.e., with no figure, table, equation or reference citations), not exceeding 250 words and written as a single paragraph.
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Silva, Maria Rita, Helena Cristina Roque, and António Caetano. "Culture in Angola: insights for human resources management." Cross Cultural Management 22, no. 2 (May 5, 2015): 166–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ccm-02-2013-0036.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to describe the cultural values – how things should be – and the cultural practices – how things are – of Angolan society. The authors expected to find: a gap between practices and values; high levels of power distance, institutional and in-group collectivism, uncertainty avoidance, future and humane orientation; and low to medium levels of performance orientation, gender equality and assertiveness. Design/methodology/approach – In all, 235 employees in Angola responded to a questionnaire using GLOBE’s cultural scales. Findings – There is a gap between cultural practices and values. Within Angola, humane and performance orientations are the most valued cultural dimensions. Power distance and in-group collectivism are the most prevailing cultural practices. Compared to other countries, Angola has high levels of humane orientation, institutional collectivism and uncertainty avoidance values and high levels of assertiveness and performance orientation practices. Practical implications – Higher than desired levels of assertiveness and power distance, on the one hand, and lower than desired levels of humane orientation and uncertainty avoidance on the other, are key aspects that should be taken into account by HRM in this context. Originality/value – These results may have important implications for HRM in Angola. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first analysis of Angola’s culture from a business research perspective.
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Ketter, Christopher K., and Michael C. Arfsten. "Cultural Value Dimensions and Ethnicity within Kenya." International Business Research 8, no. 12 (November 26, 2015): 69. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ibr.v8n12p69.
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<p>The study compared the cultural values along the seven World Values Survey dimensions. Subjects were 811 males, age 18 to 35, proportionately representing the 11 largest ethnic groups in Kenya. The study extended research in cultural differences between ethnic identities within a country, supplemental to cultural differences between countries. Significant differences are found between the Kenyan ethnic groups on the dimensions of masculinity, uncertainty avoidance, indulgence vs. restraint, and long-term orientation. Post-hoc analyses differentiated between individual ethnic groups on the cultural dimensions. Implications for management are presented to acknowledge ethnic differences in world orientation based on cultural dimension differences of ethnicities within Kenya.</p><p><span style="font-size: 10px;"> </span></p><p> </p>
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Contractor, Noshir S., Janet Fulk, Peter R. Monge, and Arvind Singhal. "Cultural Assumptions that Influence the Implementation of Communication Technologies." Vikalpa: The Journal for Decision Makers 11, no. 4 (October 1986): 287–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0256090919860404.
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The authors describe the role that cultural assumptions play in the transfer of new communication technologies between the West and third world countries. They contrast Great Britain, West Germany, and India on five value orientations along which cultures vary: regard for human nature, relationship of man to nature, time orientation, orientation towards activity, and types of relations between people. Pointing out the widely differing assumptions in implementation research in the West and the third world, the authors argue that successful transfer of communication technologies depends upon a match between the cultural values of the third world country implementing the technology and the assumptions inherent in the technology itself and the implementation process for that technology.
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Arshad, Rasidah. "Psychological contract violation and turnover intention: do cultural values matter?" Journal of Managerial Psychology 31, no. 1 (February 8, 2016): 251–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jmp-10-2013-0337.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine the role of cultural value orientations (mastery and subjugation) in moderating the relationship between psychological contract violation (PCV) and turnover intention. Design/methodology/approach – A longitudinal survey method was used to collect data from downsizing survivors in two phases. The final sample was 281 cases. Confirmatory factor analysis and hierarchical regression models were used to test the hypotheses. Findings – PCV is positively related to turnover intention, and the relationship is moderated by cultural value orientations. Specifically, the relationship is stronger among downsizing survivors with a high level of subjugation orientation (SO) and/or a low level of mastery orientation (MO) in comparison with downsizing survivors with a low level of SO and/or a high level of MO. Research limitations/implications – The contribution of the study lies in the utility of examining culture at an individual level of analysis in relation to PC and downsizing research. Despite a generic human functioning model, some subtle cultural influences exist affecting the processes within the model. The negative reactions to downsizing are not simply a function of situational factors, but also reflect individual differences in cultural value orientations. Originality/value – The study addresses the need to examine the role of cultural value orientations in influencing the relationship between PCV, and employee behaviors. Such an examination is important because cultural differences may result in unique interpretations and reactions to PCV.
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Yan, Jie, and Yuying Li. "Comparative Study of Cultural Value Orientation between China and America." Theory and Practice in Language Studies 11, no. 1 (January 1, 2021): 97. http://dx.doi.org/10.17507/tpls.1101.12.
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In today's world, cultural exchanges have become more and more frequent because of the economic integration and technological globalization, but people from different countries may have different culture values. China and the United States, as representatives of the East and the West, also have great differences in value orientation. Therefore, understanding the differences between each culture has both theoretical and practical significance for their inter-cultural communication. This paper analyzes the differences between Chinese and American cultural values from five aspects: nature, humanity, time, relationship, and human actions. It will have an important guiding role in eliminating cultural barriers and promoting the development of Chinese and American culture in inter-cultural communication.
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Jiang, Zhou, Paul J. Gollan, and Gordon Brooks. "Moderation of Doing and Mastery orientations in relationships among justice, commitment, and trust." Cross Cultural Management 22, no. 1 (February 2, 2015): 42–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ccm-02-2014-0021.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine whether and how two individual value orientations – Doing (the tendency to commit to goals and hold a strong work ethic) and Mastery (an orientation toward seeking control over outside forces) – moderate: the relationship between organizational justice and affective organizational commitment, and the mediation role of organizational trust in this relationship. Design/methodology/approach – The authors collected data from 706 employees working in 65 universities across China, South Korea, and Australia. Multi-group confirmatory factor analyses were employed to examine the cross-cultural equivalence of the measures. Hierarchical regressions were performed to test moderating effects of the two cultural value orientations. Findings – Results from the full sample showed that Doing and Mastery moderated the distributive justice-commitment relationship and the procedural justice-trust relationship. Comparisons between countries demonstrated limited cross-cultural differences. Practical implications – The present study adds to the understanding of the impact of individual and cultural differences on the relationship between justice and commitment, helping managers understand how employees’ reactions to justice are influenced by cultural value orientations. Originality/value – This study is a pioneer in empirically integrating the value orientation framework (e.g. Doing and Mastery orientations) and justice research in a cross-cultural context based in the Asia Pacific region. It also advances cross-cultural justice research through using a mediation-moderation combination.
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Pesic, Jelena. "Persistence of traditionalist value orientations in Serbia." Sociologija 48, no. 4 (2006): 289–307. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/soc0604289p.
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Systematic failures in attempts to modernize Serbian society during the past two centuries have led to the survival of traditionalist value orientations. The long period of Ottoman rule allowed patriarchal, warrior-tribal cultural patterns to persist and shape the basis for national and overall cultural identity. Extreme poverty, autarkical agricultural production, the slow penetration of capitalism and a market economy, an undifferentiated social structure with majority of rural population, patriarchal organization of both the private and public sphere and the authoritarian character of authority, were characteristics of Serbian pre-modern society, which inhibited its development and contributed to the persistence of traditionalism. Although the socialist period was modernizing in many respects, homology between socialist and pre-modern collectivist, egalitarian and authoritarian orientation, made it easy for nationalism to penetrate and consequently led to decomposition of the state in civil wars. Delayed post-socialist transformation, characterized by civil war, economic collapse, extreme impoverishment, and international isolation, has only strengthened the orientation towards pre-modern patterns of identification. This paper examines the persistence of collectivism, authoritarianism and patriarchal orientation in the period of unhindered post-socialist transformation, based on the data obtained in the "South-East European Social Survey Project" (SEESSP), conducted from December 2003 to January 2004. These results are compared with those obtained in the research project "Changes in the Class Structure and Mobility in Serbia", conducted in 1989.
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Demianiuk, Viktor. "Peculiarities of forming the value-semantic sphere of student youth in the conditions of transition to European educational standards." HUMANITARIUM 44, no. 2 (December 31, 2019): 48–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.31470/2308-5126-2019-44-2-48-56.
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The meaning of phenomenon of professional value training as a specific system of educational work is exposed in the article. It is shown that professional value training presages using of axiological approach in which boundaries positively creative values have fundamental meanings, while formation student`s skills of qualitative selection, development his spiritual, moral and creative foundations are encouraged. It is determined that sphere of objectification of values is value semantic sphere, because the specificity of values are their ability to perform landmark functions, to determine the nature of the vital meaning of the individual.It is based that formation of value semantic sphere of a personality by means of higher education implies creations a specific educational environment, that have to provide preconditions for participation in socio-cultural processes, that promote objectification of values and formation of values` orientation. At the same time, it is shown specificity of professional activity obviously has defining character for formation individual personal qualities, including system of values. Taking into the account the content of peculiarities of values orientation that are put on the basis of European standards of education, a special place belongs to the searching and introduction of new of educational activities. Personality, her inner world have value semantic definition by cultural socio environment and by main tendencies of development of primary psycho emotional and cultural orientations. The necessity of new vital values has arisen befor the Ukrainian society. These are professional competitiveness, initiativeness, readiness to take responsibility, humanistic orientation points, the ability to provide themselves and their families. Actually, the formation and development of the value- semantic sphere of a personality takes place in the process of socialization, that is lasting the whole life with different levels.Active assimilation of approved values by society, formation of professional values orientations, development of value semantic sphere are important components of professional competence of future specialists and determine their competitiveness in professional activity in modern socio-economic conditions.
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Akhmad, Sudaryat Nurdin. "Identitas dan Orientasi Nilai Kultural Mahasiswa Calon Guru." JOMSIGN: Journal of Multicultural Studies in Guidance and Counseling 1, no. 2 (September 23, 2017): 149. http://dx.doi.org/10.17509/jomsign.v1i2.8285.
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The research aims to learn profile of identity status and cultural value orientation of teacher prospective student. The research method that used is descriptive by qualitative approach. The research sample involves 80 students of education program at Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia that are chosen by using technique of multi stage cluster sampling. The collected data by questionnaire is analysized statisticaly. The research result shows that majority of teacher prospective students is on low cultural identity status. They are forecloser and diffusion. They who are in achievement status and moratorium, that is accused as high identity status, each of them is belonged by least of forth of students quantity. Four values that become strongest preferences for students are economic value, science value, social value and religious value. Some students that have achievement cultural identity status belong strong orientation on science value, then religious value and social value and economic value. Moratorium status put stronger orientation on economic value, social, aesthetic, and religious and the last is science. Foreclosure status put more orientation on economic value, social, and power. Besides, diffusion status put more orientation on economic value, power, social, aesthetic and religious.
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Han, Dongyoo, Daniel F. Mahony, and T. Christopher Greenwell. "A comparative analysis of cultural value orientations for understanding sport fan motivations." International Journal of Sports Marketing and Sponsorship 17, no. 3 (August 1, 2016): 260–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijsms-08-2016-016.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine the relationship between cultural value orientations and sport fan motivations. Design/methodology/approach – Data were collected from American and Korean college students. Three separate multivariate analysis of covariance revealed sport fan motivations differ across nationality and cultural value orientation. Findings – The current study provided empirical support for the assumption that individualism-collectivism influences sport fan motivations and geographically different sport consumers. Also, the outcomes were consistent with the previous literature which found sport fan motivations differ across nationality (the USA and South Korea). Originality/value – In combination with prior research, the findings of this study offer suggestions for how marketers could differentiate their marketing strategies for culturally diverse sport consumers.
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Nakochova, Rida R., Dinara M. Agirbova, Albina S. Kubanova, and Мarina U. Aibazova. "Pro-environmental behavior and career orientation of Caucasian women." E3S Web of Conferences 273 (2021): 10047. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202127310047.
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The article examines the value orientations of ethnophor (a representative of a certain ethnic culture and national mentality) based on a theoretical analysis of foreign and domestic research. During the epoch of digitalisation, it is impossible to leave out the problems of ethnos itself, its ethno-cultural peculiarities, socialization, national mentality, professional and career value orientations of Caucasian women. The article reveals the designation of a woman of the North Caucasus ethnic group, values, the national way of family relations. It is emphasized that the contemporary socio-economic reality makes its own adjustments during the period of digitalization despite the traditional culture and ethno standards. In the empirical part of the study, the hypothesis was tested: being the most important part of the social environment, ethnic culture despite the ethno value’s digitalization is formed due to ethnos’s historical development and along with the preservation of ethnic mentality and ethnic character of the women ethnophors, influences the value orientations including the women’s career orientation. The study involved 100 women of different nationalities of North Caucasus aged 30 to 45 years, different fields of activity: teachers, psychologists, officials, trade workers, service providers. The set of research methods included the concept “Career Anchors” by E. Schein, the principles of the diagnosis of value orientations in a career, the translation and adaptation by V.A. Chiker, V.E. Vinokurova, projective methods for determining career orientations, the principle “Value orientations” (M. Rokich), the Questionnaire of ethno value orientations (R.R. Nakochova). The results of the study confirm the hypothesis and indicate that the ethno values are a core element in the value orientation system even during the era of digitalization, which becomes apparent concerning social situation, the capability to incarnate personal goals and determines the level of intergroup acceptance and recognition of career orientations of Caucasian women.
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Ashta, Ashok, Peter John Stokes, Simon M. Smith, and Paul Hughes. "Japanese CEOs cross-cultural management of customer value orientation in India." Management Decision 59, no. 10 (January 13, 2021): 2355–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/md-06-2020-0776.
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PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to develop understanding of cross-cultural issues relating to the experience and implications of an elite grouping of Japanese CEOs customer value orientations (CVOs) within Japanese firms operating in India. The paper underlines that there is a propensity for East-West comparisons and in contrast the argument contributes to the under-examined area of research on East Asian/South Asian comparative studies.Design/methodology/approachSemi-structured interviews were employed to generate narratives that provided rich and novel insights into the lived experience of Japanese CEOs working in Indian contexts and in relation to CVO. An inductive framework was employed in order to develop a more in-depth understanding of Japanese CEO CVO in Indo-Japanese empirical settings.FindingsThe data analysis identified a number of shared themes that influence CVO practice in the Indo-Japanese context. The findings develop an awareness of cross-cultural management's (CCM) in relation to the under-explored area of the Indo-Japanese dyad.Research limitations/implicationsThe paper develops CCM perspectives towards a more in-depth conceptualization of Japanese CEO perceptions on CVO practice in India. This is also of potential relevance to wider foreign investors not only Japanese businesses. The sample respondents – Japanese CEOS working in India – constitute a small and elite group. The lead author, having experience as a CEO of a Japanese firm was able to use convenience sampling to access this difficult to access group. In addition, also stemming from the convenience aspect, all the respondents were in the manufacturing sector. The study was deliberately targeted and narrowly focussed for this reason and does not claim automatic wide generalizability to other employee strata or industry; however, other sectors and employees may recognize resonance. This identified gap provides space for future studies in varying regional, national and sector contexts.Practical implicationsThe paper identifies implications for CCM training and Indo-Japanese business organization design.Social implicationsUse and acceptance of the enhanced research paradigm could support diversity in research and knowledge production with implications for research, teaching and future policymakers.Originality/valueThe cross-cultural study is original in that it contributes to CCM literature by providing a rare Indo-Japanese (sic East Asian: South Asian) comparative study. It provides an uncommon granular appreciation of the interaction of these cultures in relation to CVO. In addition, it secures rare data from an elite Japanese CEOs of manufacturing sector businesses.
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Wijana, Nyoman, I. Gusti Agung Nyoman Setiawan, Sanusi Mulyadiharja, I. Gede Astra Wesnawa, and Putu Indah Rahmawati. "Environmental Conservation Through Study Value of Bali Aga Tenganan Pegringsingan Community Culture." Media Komunikasi Geografi 21, no. 1 (June 29, 2020): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.23887/mkg.v20i2.21903.
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This research aimed to know the implementation of environmental conservation in terms of cultural value orientation, including humanistic nature orientation, man-nature orientation, time orientation, activity orientation, and relational orientation. The population of this research was the entire community in traditional village Tenganan Pegringsingan, Karangasem, Bali. This research sample amounted to 25 people, consisting of the conventional village apparatus, community leaders, and the general public. Methods of data collection were the method of observation, interview, questionnaire, and checklist. The collected data were analyzed descriptively. This research indicated that the orientation of cultural values of humanistic nature orientation and man-nature orientation had an excellent quality. The time orientation, activity orientation, and relational orientation parameters had good quality. Culture in the study community generally showed a positive thing, so the impact of culture on the quality of the environment, in general, was excellent. The results of observations in the field revealed that there were all community activities at Tenganan Pegringsingan that could not cause environmental pollution. Therefore, the role of traditional regulation or awig-awig to regulate environmental and social-culture.
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Liakisheva, Anna. "Moral Standards in the Psychological Structure of the Personality of Students of Higher Education Institutions." International Journal of Criminology and Sociology 10 (April 30, 2021): 753–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.6000/1929-4409.2021.10.89.
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In this article's scientific space, one can observe the differentiation of the definition of the terms 'value', 'value orientations' because it does not yet have a clear standard definition. Many researchers have dealt with this topic, researched, analyzed, observed, and made conclusions. However, there is still a rich scope for research of such phenomena of personal structure as value orientations. Outstanding psychologists-researchers who, in their scientific, practical, and theoretical works, dealt with the topic of values and value orientations and came to the general conclusion that values are a structural component of a personality, with the help of which a person achieves a goal, sets this goal, and characterizes position in life. The article saw the relationship between values and the basic structures of the personality, including value orientations—considered in values a system of orientation and personality attitudes.
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SIU, WAI-SUM, and DAVID A. KIRBY. "MARKETING IN CHINESE SMALL BUSINESS: TENTATIVE THEORY." Journal of Enterprising Culture 03, no. 03 (September 1995): 309–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218495895000179.
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Much of the literature on small firm marketing has adopted the Western marketing paradigm. Though researchers such as Kindle (1982) and Waldie (1980) have pointed to the importance of using traditional cultural values in understanding Chinese marketing decisions, there is no major study of Chinese small firm marketing which adopts this approach. Siu and Kirby (1995) suggest an integrative approach — blending the process model and the contingency approach in building and advancing small firm marketing theory. Hence the marketing process model proposed by Brooksbank (1990) is adopted as the research framework for understanding the marketing activities of small firms in Hong Kong. Six broad areas relating to business philosophy, strategic analysis, marketing objectives, marketing strategy, marketing organization and marketing control are identified. The contingency model used by Brooksbank, Kirby and Wright (1992) is adopted to identify different types of performing companies. In addition, Yau's (1994) Chinese cultural value orientations are adopted to explain the likely Chinese cultural influences. Five types of value orientation are used as to provide the analytical framework, namely Man-to-nature Orientation, Man-to-himself Orientation, Relational Orientation, Time Orientation, and Personal-activity Orientation. The research results reveal that Chinese small firms in Hong Kong exhibit different marketing behaviour from their western counterparts, when compared with UK findings for example. Higher performing Chinese small firms place marketing as the leading or joint leading role in their corporate planning processes and also adopt a longer-term strategic planning approach. They also use more aggressive marketing strategies and put more emphasis on product performance and credit support. However, explicit marketing control devices appear not to be used. The influence of Chinese cultural values on the marketing activities of Chinese small firms in Hong Kong is found to be significant.
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Lemko, Galina. "Value Orientation as Structural Component of Personality in Mountain Regions." Journal of Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University 1, no. 2-3 (December 22, 2014): 144–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.15330/jpnu.1.2-3.144-147.
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This paper, presented at the Conference Plenary, is devoted to the problem of formationof values and value orientations of a personality in mountain regions. The author asserts that valueorientation in mountain regions is a complex formation, which includes different levels and formsof interaction of public and individual personality. The article also regards and analyzes thehierarchy of values. It is mentioned that the personality value orientations in mountain regionsdon’t only determine the motivation of individual behavior but also forms his world outlook. Thespecial attention is also devoted to the pseudo-values. The author points out that they do notcontribute to human self-realization. The article also analyzes the reasons of forming of the valueorientation in mountain regions and gives the classification of people in accordance with thecommitment to certain values. The author touches the problem of cultural values of modern youth,the influence of electronic mass media and comes to the conclusion that classical culture begins tolose value and attractiveness. In conclusion the author says that the valued orientations inmountain regions occupy the central place in the psychical adjusting of man’s behavior. That iswhy considerable attention is spared to the study of valued-semantic sphere of personality on themodern stage of development of pedagogical science.
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Pólus-Thiry, Éva, and Csaba Rédei. "The Influence of Age and Gender on the Value Orientation of Extreme Sports Participants." Physical Culture and Sport. Studies and Research 56, no. 1 (December 1, 2012): 51–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10141-012-0007-2.
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Abstract Research has shown that the popularity of extreme sports is on the rise in Hungary just as in developed countries. While we cannot question the influence of the press, it is very likely that shifts and changes in the value orientation of a society also play an important role in fostering the process. In the first stage of the present study, the value orientation of a group of Hungarian people involved in action sports is mapped where the values are arranged into a latent structure using principal component analysis. In the second stage of research, it is checked whether the examined group is a homogenous community regarding their value orientations, and researchers examine if two variables - age and gender - significantly influence the value orientations of the respondents. Our conclusion is that there is little difference between group members regarding their high preferences for community values and the low preferences for traditional values, but age and gender significantly influence respondents’ attitudes to post-materialist values and partially those to materialist values. Younger participants report higher preferences for both materialist and postmaterialist values, while females attribute higher importance to post-materialist values.
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Schilpzand, Marieke C., Luis L. Martins, Bradley L. Kirkman, Kevin B. Lowe, and Zhen Xiong Chen. "The Relationship between Organizational Justice and Organizational Citizenship Behaviour: The Role of Cultural Value Orientations." Management and Organization Review 9, no. 2 (July 2013): 345–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/more.12014.
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AbstractIn two studies conducted in the United States and the People's Republic of China, we examined how the effects of organizational justice perceptions on employees' organizational citizenship behaviours (OCB) are influenced by individually held cultural value orientations. In Study 1, we did not find evidence of moderation by cultural value orientation. In Study 2, we re-examined the moderated relationships and found that the relationship between procedural justice and OCB was significantly influenced by masculinity-femininity orientation and that the relationship between distributive justice and OCB was significantly moderated by power distance such that the relationships were more strongly positive when followers were more masculine and higher in power distance. Also, we extended our model to include perceived supervisor support as a mediator of the direct and moderated effects of justice perceptions on OCB. We found support for the mediation model, but did not find the moderated mediation effects we predicted. Due to the large number of non-significant findings and inconsistencies across our two studies, we conclude with recommendations for scholars who face similar challenges in their research.
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Wang, Hongli. "What stops creative employees to implement ideas? Individual culture value orientation perspective." Journal of Organizational Change Management 30, no. 6 (October 2, 2017): 872–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jocm-10-2016-0199.
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Purpose Creativity itself does not necessarily lead to idea implementation. The purpose of this paper is to deeply understand the impact of the individual culture value orientation on employees’ motivation on whether they want to push creative ideas into implementation. Design/methodology/approach In this study, drawing on socially desirable responding (SDR) theory, the author reasons that individual value on power distance and superficial harmony and that these two factors interact to influence employees transform their creativity into implementation. The author argues that prevalence of the failure where creativity cannot be transformed into implementation results from the lack of understanding for two elusive individual culture value orientations: individual superficial harmony orientations (ISHO) and individual power distance orientations (IPDO). Data from 66 middle managers and 301 members of five high-tech firms provide a considerable support for the hypothesized model. Findings The results showed that individuals were able to improve the possibility of putting their creative ideas into practice when they are both lower in IPDO and ISHO. Originality/value Such findings help the author to understand how individual cultural value orientation complements each other to generate joint impact on the relationship between their creative ideas to idea implementation.
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Stander, Valerie, and Larry Jensen. "The Relationship of Value Orientation to Moral Cognition." Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology 24, no. 1 (March 1993): 42–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022022193241003.
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Klopotova, E. E. "Features of Value Orientations of Modern Preschoolers." Psychological-Educational Studies 9, no. 1 (2017): 96–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.17759/psyedu.2017090110.
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In this article were presented the replication research of valuable orientations of modern young learners. In the experiment took part 200 pre-school children (100 boys and 100 girls), who are studying in the nurseries of Moscow and Moscow regions. To estimate the value orientations of modern young learners were used the diagnostic technique “Magic Flower”, developed by T.A. Repina. The results of the research were compared with the results obtained in the research of T.A. Repina. The results allow us to estimate value sphere of modern young learners and their peers of the 80s. There ambiguous influence on contemporary socio-cultural conditions of modern value orientations of children of preschool age. On the one hand, they do not lead to a distortion of the desire of children to communicate and interact, but on the other - to increase the orientation of children on their needs and requirements.
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Ruzhevych, Yana. "Cross-cultural training of students by means of foreign literature in formation process of valuable orientations." Scientific Visnyk V.O. Sukhomlynskyi Mykolaiv National University. Pedagogical Sciences 65, no. 2 (2019): 248–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.33310/2518-7813-2019-65-2-248-251.
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The article is devoted to the problem of the formation of value orientations by means of foreign literature in the cross-cultural training of students. It is emphasized that foreign literature has an important advantage as it is associated with various texts belonging to different types of cultures. Communication with masterpieces of foreign literature promotes the development of new aesthetic experiences among students, prompts to comprehend the uniqueness of another culture. The main determinants of value orientations are determined. These are the conditions of life, the level of general culture, the ability of man, beliefs, moral principles, the system of values of the individual. The content of the value orientation of the individual is its focus on certain values of the material and spiritual culture of society. It is emphasized that the main goal of the process of formation of value orientations is the study of artistic works based on the awareness of the incarnated values, the comprehension of the moral and aesthetic positions of literary characters, the mastering of the value potential of the work by students, and the understanding of the relation of values expressed in artistic works, in connection with an important system of values. The unity of value orientations, literary knowledge and students’ activity as the leading condition of the effectiveness of the formation of value orientations is revealed. Much attention is paid to the formation of students’ readiness for cross-cultural interaction in practical classes. The main goal of the cross training of students is defined – it is overcoming the difficulties associated with the differences in values, traditions, languages. The peculiarities of students’ educational activity at various stages of the analysis of works are considered, which is structured on awareness of values embodied in artistic works. The article focuses on various types of tasks, performing students to understand the psychological content of actions and personality of literary heroes come to perceive the value position of the author, his aesthetic ideal.
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He, Yi, Qimei Chen, and Dana L. Alden. "Social presence and service satisfaction: The moderating role of cultural value-orientation." Journal of Consumer Behaviour 11, no. 2 (January 26, 2012): 170–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cb.381.
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Artemov, Georgii P., and Anna G. Pinkevich. "Social and cultural factors of intergroup tension diminution." Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Philosophy and Conflict Studies 36, no. 3 (2020): 528–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/spbu17.2020.309.
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The article presents data on the status of dependent and value orientations of people on their attitude towards social groups that differ from the majority of the population. Based on the analysis of the data of the 6th wave (2010–2014) of the World Values Survey, which shows that social levels occupying intermediate positions in the system of social statuses and value orientations are more tolerant than the layers occupying the extreme positions as representatives of social minorities. Intergroup relations are influenced by many factors, and intergroup relations themselves are often controversial. Therefore, in one situation, they can smooth out the prejudices that exist between groups, and in others, on the contrary — incite. The article focuses on identifying groups that have a high degree of tolerance. The study uses various indicators of intergroup tension. The results of a comparative cross-country analysis of an integrated database (1981–2014) of the World Values Survey are presented. It was found that an increase in the proportion of the lower middle class and people with a mixed post-materialistic orientation in the course of secondary modernization helps ensure a low incidence of negative intergroup attitudes. When interpreting the obtained results, the article uses the theory and method of measuring values developed by Ronald Inglehart, as well as the typology of countries proposed by Nikolai Lapin. All calculations were performed using IBM SPSS Statistics 25.0, Statistica 6.0, and statistical analysis methods, for example cluster analysis.
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Suwendri, Ni Made. "ORIENTASI NILAI BUDAYA PETANI RUMPUT LAUT DALAM PEMBANGUNAN DI DESA PED KECAMATAN NUSA PENIDA." KULTURISTIK: Jurnal Bahasa dan Budaya 2, no. 1 (January 12, 2018): 34. http://dx.doi.org/10.22225/kulturistik.2.1.447.
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[Title: Cultural Value Orientation of the Seaweed Planters in Developing Ped Village, Nusa Penida District] Human’s cultural value orientation becomes important factor in achieving the purpose. It can be seen from its view ofliving.This research is purposed to get the deep understanding of cultural value orientation seaweed plantersin building of Ped Village, Nusa Penida District. This research used qualitative approach which is supported byquantitative data. The technique of collecting data is done through observation' concern interview, and library research. The data is analyzed throughqualitative descriptive way. According to the empiric data, it shows that the cultural value orientation whichis used by seaweed planters in Ped village, Nusa Penida district in solving theliving problems including of their views to the principal of life, principal of work, principalof time, principal of human, and principal of human's relation with nature. Mostof the principal goes to the improvement. The orientation shows theimportant dynamic for the successful of building in Nusa Penida District.
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Alvarez, Mauricio J., and Markus Kemmelmeier. "Free speech as a cultural value in the United States." Journal of Social and Political Psychology 5, no. 2 (February 5, 2018): 707–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.5964/jspp.v5i2.590.
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Political orientation influences support for free speech, with liberals often reporting greater support for free speech than conservatives. We hypothesized that this effect should be moderated by cultural context: individualist cultures value individual self-expression and self-determination, and collectivist cultures value group harmony and conformity. These different foci should differently influence liberals and conservatives’ support for free speech within these cultures. Two studies evaluated the joint influence of political orientation and cultural context on support for free speech. Study 1, using a multilevel analysis of data from 37 U.S. states (n = 1,001), showed that conservatives report stronger support for free speech in collectivist states, whereas there were no differences between conservatives and liberals in support for free speech in individualist states. Study 2 (n = 90) confirmed this pattern by priming independent and interdependent self-construals in liberals and conservatives. Results demonstrate the importance of cultural context for free speech. Findings suggest that in the U.S. support for free speech might be embraced for different reasons: conservatives’ support for free speech appears to be motivated by a focus on collectively held values favoring free speech, while liberals’ support for free speech might be motivated by a focus on individualist self-expression.
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Kim, Soyeon, Izumi Mori, and Abd Rahman Abdul Rahim. "Cultural values matter." International Journal of Cross Cultural Management 18, no. 1 (March 5, 2018): 87–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1470595818759570.
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As the economic footprint of developing countries increases, talent management grows in importance for foreign multinational companies in emerging markets. Multinational companies, however, face fierce competition for local talent, and competitive recruiting calls for practical knowledge about the personal traits of job applicants. The present study applies a cross-cultural perspective to this issue, exploring how individually held cultural values influence the attractiveness of Japanese companies in Malaysia. Drawing on similarity-attraction theory and person–organization fit theory, the study quantitatively analyses data from a paper-based survey of 245 prospective jobseekers. The findings indicate that an individual cultural value fit with the foreign company’s country of origin is significant predictors of employer attractiveness. Specifically, the study finds that potential Malaysian jobseekers who are lower in power distance and higher in risk aversion and long-term orientation view Japanese companies as attractive future employers and have higher job-pursuit behavior. Based on this finding, the study discusses theoretical and practical contributions to corporate employment strategies.
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GANGAAS, KRISTIN E., BJØRN P. KALTENBORN, and HARRY P. ANDREASSEN. "Environmental attitudes associated with large-scale cultural differences, not local environmental conflicts." Environmental Conservation 42, no. 1 (April 9, 2014): 41–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0376892914000125.
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SUMMARYSpecies and ecosystems are under constant pressure from a rapidly-growing human population. Human tolerance of carnivores, including the willingness to live in areas with these predators, is key to the success of large carnivore conservation. In the Scandinavian Peninsula, large carnivore populations conflict with human activity; low tolerance among local people may lead to illegal hunting. A survey of 2521 Scandinavian respondents to measure environmental value orientation, using the new environmental paradigm (NEP) scale and attitudes toward large carnivores, revealed attitudes towards the presence of carnivores were not related to carnivore abundance. Nor was there a significant relationship between environmental value orientation and personal experiences with loss of domestic sheep or hunting dogs. Environmental values were mainly explained by country differences; Swedes had a more ecocentric value orientation than Norwegians. Significantly more Norwegians (45 %) than Swedes (19 %) responded that there were too many carnivores in their country. Historic differences in how government is perceived between Norway and Sweden may result in different attitudes towards illegal hunting and towards carnivores. Specifically, Norwegians may hold a more anthropocentric view, based on a suspicion of central authorities, whereas Swedes may hold a more ecocentric view.
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Pathak, Dev Nath, and Moureen Kalita. "Folklore’s Contemporariness: Dynamics of Value Orientation in Bihu." Journal of Human Values 25, no. 3 (August 22, 2019): 177–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0971685819861220.
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The folklore studies scholar, such as Dorson (1976, Folklore and fakelore: Essays toward the discipline of folk studies, Harvard: Harvard University Press), was emphatic about the distinction between folklore and ‘fake lore’, one being authentic and the other as invented by the popular industry; however, he paradoxically maintained interest in the contemporariness of folklore. This was a paradox since the contemporariness of folklore is largely, and usually, due to intersections of folk with popular and political. Nevertheless, the emphasis on contemporariness was a harbinger of discussion on the potential dynamics of folklore, and everything buried therein, including value orientation. This essay is guided by the observations emerging from folklore studies, socio-cultural anthropology and performance studies in order to get into a specific case of Bihu, a folk performance inclusive of songs, dance, attires and instruments inter alia in Assam, in the northeast of India. The curious case of Bihu in flux divulges dynamics of value orientation and intersections of identity politics, in the wake of the contemporariness of folklore.
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Featherstone, Mike. "Societal value formation and the value of life." Current Sociology 59, no. 2 (March 2011): 119–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0011392110391129.
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This article explores the formation of values on individual, cultural, societal, civilizational and epochal levels and discusses the carriers of values, symbolic hierarchies and future prospects. It demonstrates the continued conceptual and time-diagnostic usefulness of Georg Simmel’s sociological approach to values and argues that his Lebensphilosophie (‘philosophy of life’) offers a platform for dealing with modernity’s contingencies and ambiguities by treating life as such as the ultimate but indeterminate value that must be worked out by individuals. Values are needed as a preliminary means of orientation, even if these need not be considered to be of lasting duration.
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Yeom, Doo-Seoung. "The Influence of Leisure Sports Participation of Cultural Value Orientation and Wellbeing-Seeking Orientation in Local Elderly People." Journal of the Korean society for Wellness 16, no. 2 (May 31, 2021): 249–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.21097/ksw.2021.05.16.2.249.
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Beckert, Jens, Jörg Rössel, and Patrick Schenk. "Wine as a Cultural Product." Sociological Perspectives 60, no. 1 (August 2, 2016): 206–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0731121416629994.
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In markets for goods that are valued for their aesthetic qualities, the ascription of value appears to be an uncertain social process. The wine market is an extraordinary example, as most persons are not able to differentiate between wines based on objective sensory characteristics. Therefore, we theorize valuation according to Bourdieu’s field theoretical perspective as a social process in which quality is contested. Our empirical analysis shows, first, that his model has considerable power in explaining price differentiation between wineries and second, that the orientation of consumers toward different segments of the field is based on a homologous class hierarchy.
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Malka, Ariel, Christopher J. Soto, Adam B. Cohen, and Dale T. Miller. "Religiosity and Social Welfare: Competing Influences of Cultural Conservatism and Prosocial Value Orientation." Journal of Personality 79, no. 4 (June 20, 2011): 763–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6494.2011.00705.x.
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Stathopoulou, Anastasia, and George Balabanis. "The effect of cultural value orientation on consumers' perceptions of luxury value and proclivity for luxury consumption." Journal of Business Research 102 (September 2019): 298–312. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2019.02.053.
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Rybak, Oksana Stepanivna. "Value Orientations of People Learning Toward Different Types of Culture." Journal of Education Culture and Society 9, no. 2 (September 5, 2018): 11–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.15503/jecs20182.11.23.
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Aim. The aim of the research is to generalize the most topical scientific approaches to value orientations, disclose the importance of value orientations in personality development, and highlight the influence of culture on value orientation development.
Methods. One hundred and eighty Ukrainian participants comleted the Milton’s Rokeach Test ‘Value Orientations’ (1973), Vladimir’s Sopov and Ludmila’s Karpushyna Morphology Test of Life Values (2001), Ludmila’s Pochebut Test ‘Cultural and Value Orientations’ (2004), Ivan’s Diachuk Test ‘Understanding of Moral Values’ (2010)Dmitrij’s Leontiev Test ‘Life Sense Orientations’ (2000). Answers to the tests made it possible to divide participants by different types of culture and built out hierarchy of values preferable for them.
Results. The analysis shows that two clusters of examinees leaning toward different types of culture are empirically outlined. Their value orientations and dependence of the established values on the type of culture they lean toward is studied. The research has also indicated that in traditional culture and modern culture there is different hierarchy of values.
Conclusions. Outlining of such types of culture as traditional, modern and dynamically developing culture enables clarification of special features of culture in general. Division of culture as the system into simpler subsystems, which are characterized by certain features, enables analysis of the very phenomenon of culture in detail. Besides that, in this study the importance of values and value orientations as an integral characteristic of culture is stressed.
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Strydom, Danna Booyens. "Ethical leadership and performance: The effect of follower individualism-collectivism." International Journal of Cross Cultural Management 21, no. 2 (May 13, 2021): 261–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/14705958211013395.
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This study seeks to understand how cultural value orientation – specifically individualism/collectivism – influence the relationship between ethical leadership and employee behaviour. Social cognitive theory was used to explain how cultural value orientations change the social learning process associated with ethical leadership. Using matched multi-source sample data from managers and subordinates of a South African multinational operating in several African countries, supplemented with objective performance data, ethical leadership was found to be positively related to both in- and out-of-role performance. However, horizontal collectivism positively moderated the relationship between ethical leadership and organizational citizenship behaviour, while horizontal individualism and vertical collectivism negatively moderated it. Leadership research and theory will benefit from a greater emphasis on follower characteristics, as differences in the cultural value orientations of employees affect the effectiveness of ethical leadership. Awareness of this difference also stands to benefit organizations.
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YEGANYAN, Gayane, and Gayane HARUTYUNYAN. "Diagnostics as a Precondition of Value Orientation in Primary School." Main Issues Of Pedagogy And Psychology 18, no. 2 (December 2, 2020): 77–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.24234/miopap.v18i2.385.
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The demands put forward the contemporary primary school are being changed year by year due to a number of factors - political, socio-economic, cultural, etc. Nowadays, when there are confusion and a struggle for values ??around the world, every nation must strive to recognize and preserve its ethnic moral values ??in harmony with contemporary demands. The purpose of contemporary education is not limited by equipping the individual with knowledge and skills, but also to develop the certain moral qualities, and one of the most important functions of a teacher is to shape the worldview of students. The pedagogical diagnostics with its rich toolkit, a wide selection of methods and methodology, is a prerequisite for value orientation in the elementary school and contributes to the formation of the primary schooler value system of significant values important for the individual and society.
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Prykhodko, Iuliia, and Maryna Lukianenko. "THE DYNAMICS OF PRIMARY SCHOOLCHILDREN’S VALUE-MEANING ORIENTATION." PSYCHOLOGICAL JOURNAL 7, no. 2 (February 28, 2021): 59–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.31108/1.2021.7.2.5.
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Modern economic, cultural, political and social-psychological changes in Ukrainian society, European integration and the national revival are evidence of transformational processes that cause changes in the hierarchy of values and influence young people’s value orientations. Thus, the study of modern primary schoolchildren’s value-meaning orientations is important for psychological science and pedagogical practice. The article purpose is to analyze the implemented empirical study on the hierarchy and dynamics of value-meaning orientations in the primary school age. The article describes the methodology for studying the value- meaning sphere and the essence of the concepts of “values” and “value orientations”. The value- meaning sphere is the core of a personality; it covers an individual’s value orientations and personal meanings. Value orientations are a form of inclusion of social values into an individual activities and behavior; they are formed on the basis of interiorization of the society values . The following methods were used in our empirical study: “Three desires” for first-year schoolchildren (L. Bozovic), “Flower - seven-colors” for second-year schoolchildren (I. Vitkovskaya) and “Unfinished sentences” for third-forth-year schoolchildren (J. Nuttin). The sample consisted of 217 primary schoolchildren in rural areas. Statistical analysis of the obtained ata was carried out using SPSS (v. 25.0). To compare the studied different classes, the Mann-Whitney U-test and the Kruskal-Wallis test (H-test) were used. The hierarchy and dynamics of value orientations at primary school were studied. The upper part in the Table of Value Ranks included: material, hedonistic, nature and altruistic values for first-year schoolchildren; material, family, hedonistic and altruistic values for second-year schoolchildren; altruistic, material, ego-values and values of learning for third-year schoolchildren; altruistic, affiliate and learning values for forth-year schoolchildren. The lower part in the Table of Value Ranks included: existential, affiliate, civic, aesthetic values for first-year schoolchildren; ego-, future profession, civic and aesthetic values for second-year schoolchildren; nature, profession, civic and aesthetic values for third-year schoolchildren; profession, nature, civil and aesthetic values for forth-year schoolchildren. The statistical criteria used in the study found that the value orientations changed depending on primary schoolchildren’s age. Values, which rank increased significantly with age, were: altruistic, existential, civic, affiliate, ego- and learning values. With age, ranks of such values as family, nature, profession, and hedonistic values decreases statistically. The rank of material values somewhat decreases with age, while the rank of aesthetic values remains unchanged throughout the primary school age. They occupy the lower part in the Table of Value Ranks, which, in our opinion, indirectly indicates insufficient attention to aesthetic education, both at school and in family. Thus, the results of our research allow us to assert that primary schoolchildren’s value-semantic orientations change as for their priority during primary school education. These changes are consistent with the patterns of mental development of children at this age and with the changes occurring with the approach of adolescence. Further studies on schoolchildren’s value-meaning sphere are seen in the study of the influence of the locus of control and gender characteristics on its formation, as well as the influence of family education and the media.
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Hartoyo, Virgon, and Juneman Abraham. "The Role of Cultural Value Orientations and Sexual Desire in Predicting Cybersex Behavior in Unmarried Young Adults." ANIMA Indonesian Psychological Journal 30, no. 2 (January 25, 2015): 75–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.24123/aipj.v30i2.537.
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The presence of Internet technology has opened up the emergence of new forms of sexual behavior, such as cybersex, which seems more massive nowadays. Regardless of the merits intended by the facilitating technology, in the context of Indonesian culture in which premarital sexual behavior (especially cybersex) is perceived as immoral, it is important to determine predictors of cybersex in order to minimize (or possibly eliminate) its negative impacts. This predictive-correlational designed study on 333 unmarried young adults participants (144 males, 189 females; mean of age = 20.724 years old, standard deviation of age = 1.902 years) employed the five dimensions of Hofstede‟s cultural value orientations (at individual level) and sexual desire as the predictors. The finding of this study was that only the long term orientation and sexual desire play significant roles in predicting cybersex, in positive ways; while four other cultural value orientations (power distance, uncertainty avoidance, masculinity/femininity, and collectivism/individualism) are not able to predict it.
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Softa, Valbona. "Social and Cultural Aspect in Foreign Language Motivation defined by Integrative and Instrumental Factors." European Journal of Sustainable Development 8, no. 5 (October 1, 2019): 93. http://dx.doi.org/10.14207/ejsd.2019.v8n5p93.
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This paper aims to investigate the social and cultural aspect in foreign language learning motivation, with main focus English language, as a compulsory course in the official education curricula in Albania, from primary level to Master`s Study Programs. The indicators in this study are the integrative and instrumental variables. Based on the literature review and empirical research data, two research questions are presented in this paper: 1. At what extent are students motivated to learn English language in terms of integrative and instrumental orientation? 2. Which factor is the best predictor to motivation in English language learning? A quantitative method was approached and data was analyzed through SPSS, 18. Attitude Motivation Test Battery was applied in a sample of 1800 subjects. The reliability Alfa Chronbach coefficient of the Test was (=.88). The findings showed that best predictor variable to motivation in language learning is the integrative factor, at values ß=0.476, t=21.110. Students motivation is also positively varied from the instrumental language orientation, (ß = .302, t=16.919. This result is statistically significant, p<0.001. The study also found that students are moderately motivated to learn the language because of integrative reasons, mean value (M=5) out of a Likert scale (1- 6), SD=0.86; the students are only slightly motivated in terms of language Instrumental orientation, mean value (M=4.2) out of (6), SD= 0.1. Keywords: integrative language orientation, instrumental language orientation, motivation to learn English
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DiRienzo, Cassandra E., and Jayoti Das. "Illicit Trade and Hofstede’s Cultural Dimensions." Economics and Culture 17, no. 2 (December 1, 2020): 63–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jec-2020-0021.
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AbstractResearch purpose. Growth of illicit trade has markedly increased and caused damage to a multitude of economic, socio-economic and environmental outcomes. The purpose of this paper is to examine the impact of Hofstede’s country cultural dimensions on the attitudes towards illicit trade and the political will to counter the crime across countries.Design/Methodology/Approach. The 2018 Global Illicit Trade index published by the Economics Intelligence Unit for 62 countries is empirically analysed. Six hypotheses are built and tested across Hofstede’s six cultural dimensions.Findings. The results indicate that countries that are culturally more individualistic, have greater uncertainty avoidance and have a stronger long-term orientation have a stronger structural capacity to protect against illicit trade on average.Originality/Value/Practical implications. In reference to originality, the paper adds to the scarce research on the fight against global illicit trade and empirically explores the role that culture plays in driving the attitudes towards illicit trade and the political will to fight the crime. In reference to practical implications, anti-illicit policy initiatives are likely to be more challenging in collectivist countries with lower uncertainty avoidance and a short-term orientation. Policymakers need to tailor their anti-illicit trade efforts in these countries as these societies will not likely place the same value on countering illicit trade as the countries that are culturally more individualistic, have greater uncertainty avoidance and have a strong long-term orientation.
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DiRienzo, Cassandra E., and Jayoti Das. "Illicit Trade and Hofstede’s Cultural Dimensions." Economics and Culture 17, no. 2 (December 1, 2020): 63–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jec-2020-0021.
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Abstract Research purpose. Growth of illicit trade has markedly increased and caused damage to a multitude of economic, socio-economic and environmental outcomes. The purpose of this paper is to examine the impact of Hofstede’s country cultural dimensions on the attitudes towards illicit trade and the political will to counter the crime across countries. Design/Methodology/Approach. The 2018 Global Illicit Trade index published by the Economics Intelligence Unit for 62 countries is empirically analysed. Six hypotheses are built and tested across Hofstede’s six cultural dimensions. Findings. The results indicate that countries that are culturally more individualistic, have greater uncertainty avoidance and have a stronger long-term orientation have a stronger structural capacity to protect against illicit trade on average. Originality/Value/Practical implications. In reference to originality, the paper adds to the scarce research on the fight against global illicit trade and empirically explores the role that culture plays in driving the attitudes towards illicit trade and the political will to fight the crime. In reference to practical implications, anti-illicit policy initiatives are likely to be more challenging in collectivist countries with lower uncertainty avoidance and a short-term orientation. Policymakers need to tailor their anti-illicit trade efforts in these countries as these societies will not likely place the same value on countering illicit trade as the countries that are culturally more individualistic, have greater uncertainty avoidance and have a strong long-term orientation.
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Rao, Bramhani, and Sambashiva Rao Kunja. "Individual cultural orientation as a determinant of psychological contract fulfilment." Management Research Review 42, no. 12 (December 9, 2019): 1315–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/mrr-08-2018-0284.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore the role of individualism-collectivism (IC) in determining psychological contract fulfillment (PCF) at individual level, thus attempting to establish that cultural orientation of each individual may differentially predict the fulfillment of his/her psychological contract. Design/methodology/approach Structural equation modeling was conducted on the cross-sectional data collected from 465 IT professionals working at different multi-national software companies. Findings Model fit between the dimensions of IC and PCF was found to be good, indicating a significantly positive relationship between within-culture cultural orientation of an individual and his/her perception of PCF. The analyses revealed that collectivist beliefs, values and norms have a significant relationship with the perception of delivery, fairness and trust toward PCF. The relationship between collectivist values and fairness of the deal was found to be insignificant. Research limitations/implications A major theoretical implication of the study is its contribution to evidence that people with collectivist orientation have a relatively positive perception toward the fulfillment of a psychological contract between them and the employer. It also clarifies why employees working in the same work environment tend to develop unique psychological contracts owing to their tendency to orient toward a particular cultural state of mind in the form of beliefs, values and norms guiding their day-to-day work-life. Originality/value The study is a valuable addition to the current literature in two ways. First, it contributes to the area of personality by examining the individual cultural orientation as an individual difference predictor of PCF. This helps in understanding the role of differences in emotions, cognition and behavior among individuals in predicting the fulfillment of hidden expectations of employees. In the domain of psychological contract, it contributes to evidence that explains why employees in same job conditions and employment relationships experience breach or fulfillment owing to their difference in cultural orientation.
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Lekas, Helen-Maria, Kerstin Pahl, and Crystal Fuller Lewis. "Rethinking Cultural Competence: Shifting to Cultural Humility." Health Services Insights 13 (January 2020): 117863292097058. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1178632920970580.
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Healthcare and social services providers are deemed culturally competent when they offer culturally appropriate care to the populations they serve. While a review of the literature highlights the limited effectiveness of cultural competence training, its value remains largely unchallenged and it is institutionally mandated as a means of decreasing health disparities and improving quality of care. A plethora of trainings are designed to expose providers to different cultures and expand their understanding of the beliefs, values and behavior thus, achieving competence. Although this intention is commendable, training providers in becoming competent in various cultures presents the risk of stereotyping, stigmatizing, and othering patients and can foster implicit racist attitudes and behaviors. Further, by disregarding intersectionality, cultural competence trainings tend to undermine provider recognition that patients inhabit multiple social statuses that potentially shape their beliefs, values and behavior. To address these risks, we propose training providers in cultural humility, that is, an orientation to care that is based on self-reflexivity, appreciation of patients’ lay expertise, openness to sharing power with patients, and to continue learning from one’s patients. We also briefly discuss our own cultural humility training. Training providers in cultural humility and abandoning the term cultural competence is a long-awaited paradigm shift that must be advanced.
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Gelbrich, Katja, Yvonne Stedham, and Daniel Gäthke. "Cultural Discrepancy and National Corruption: Investigating the Difference between Cultural Values and Practices and Its Relationship to Corrupt Behavior." Business Ethics Quarterly 26, no. 2 (April 2016): 201–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/beq.2016.29.
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ABSTRACT:The relationship between culture and corruption has been the focus of various studies, producing inconsistent results. We suggest that these inconsistencies might be due to the conceptualization and measurement of culture. Drawing on the possible value/fact dichotomy discussed in ethical philosophy, we introduce the construct of cultural discrepancy—the difference between cultural values (“ought”) and practices (“is”)—as a predictor of pervasive (i.e., fully institutionalized and predictable) and arbitrary (i.e., uncertain and relatively unorganized) corruption. Examining the relationship between the discrepancies observed in the GLOBE cultural dimensions and the Corruption Perception Index shows that in-group collectivism discrepancy is negatively related to pervasive corruption; future orientation discrepancy is positively related to arbitrary corruption. Further, we show that these relationships are contingent on national wealth. The negative relationship for in-group collectivism discrepancy is most pronounced in poor and moderately wealthy countries, and the positive relationship for future orientation discrepancy is most pronounced in rich countries.