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Strydom, Booyens Danna. "Ethical leadership across cultural value orientations." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/64825.
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Over the past few decades many serious ethical problems have been reported in both business and public organisations. In response there has been increasing scholarly research interest in the construct of ethical leadership. At the same time, a growing body of scholarly knowledge dealing with cross-cultural leadership suggests that cultural factors influence the relationship between leadership and outcomes. This has highlighted a need to understand the relation between individual culture orientations and leadership. Moreover, since ethical leadership is a relatively new construct, the effect of culture on ethical leadership specifically has to date received little attention. This study undertakes to address this gap by evaluating the effect of cultural value orientations at the individual level of analysis on the relationship between ethical leadership at the middle management level and selected employee behavioural outcomes. A cross-sectional survey study is done using a multinational emerging market data sample embodying cultural diversity. Social cognitive theory is used to elucidate how cultural orientations of individuals change the social learning process through which ethical leadership influences employee outcomes. Structural equation modelling is used to test hypotheses derived from theory, including moderation of relationships by cultural value orientations. The research findings contribute an empirically validated theoretical explanation of how the cultural value orientations of individualism-collectivism and power distance, measured at the individual level of analysis, influence the relationship between ethical leadership and employee outcomes such as organisational citizenship behaviour, ethical climate, and performance. The findings of the study advance our understanding of the effect of cultural value orientations on the relationship between ethical leadership and employee outcomes and should prove useful for multinational enterprises wishing to create an ethical climate and instil effective ethical leadership practices across different nationalities and cultural groups. The study empirically confirms that ethical leadership does not only relate positively to the ethical climate of an organisation but also relates positively to actual employee performance. Further research is recommended to determine the causal direction of such relationships.Mini Dissertation (MBA)--University of Pretoria, 2017.
pa2018
Gordon Institute of Business Science (GIBS)
PHD
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Schiefer, David [Verfasser]. "The Value of Cultural Values Reinvestigating the Relationship Between Culture-Level Values and Individual-Level Psychological Phenomena / David Schiefer." Bremen : IRC-Library, Information Resource Center der Jacobs University Bremen, 2013. http://d-nb.info/103526742X/34.
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Peterson, Meghan. "Cultural entrepreneurship : unlocking potential through value creation." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10871/34526.
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This thesis explores the challenges and opportunities of cultural entrepreneurship, exploring current conceptualisations of cultural entrepreneurs and to find new perspectives and recommendations for cultural entrepreneurs of the future. Cultural entrepreneurship is a contested, yet essential aspect of the growth of artists and arts organisations globally. Though there are similarities, this research demonstrates that cultural entrepreneurs from different backgrounds, industries and of varied sizes need different things and have different barriers so cannot be understood in the same way. Digital technologies and local networks do offer new possibilities for innovation however these are limited in scope and require further investigation and investment. Despite psychological, political and financial barriers to entrepreneurship in the creative industries, finding a balance between artistic, social, economic and institutional innovation for the various actors throughout the arts offers key insights to how artists and arts organisations can be more entrepreneurial. Through a grounded theory approach, this research connects previously disparate fields of cultural policy, social entrepreneurship and business model innovation to derive new perspectives of how cultural entrepreneurs can survive and thrive in the dynamically shifting world. Themes that emerged through the data analysis connect in new ways to Cohendet et al.’s (2012) ‘Anatomy of a Creative City’, outlining the underground, middleground and upperground actors; Albinsson’s (2017) theories of the quadruple bottom line in the creative industries; and a value ecosystem’s approach with a focus on value creation (Allee, 2002; Curtis, 2017). From this combination of literature and data collected, a novel approach to understanding cultural entrepreneurs emerges, creating a model to understand more holistically how value is created and captured for the artist or arts organisation. This model has a range of practical approaches intended to provide tangible pathways into combining the concepts of the quadruple bottom line, value ecosystems and different conceptualisations of cultural entrepreneurs, offering a novel contribution to all of these fields in addition to, and most significantly the topic of cultural entrepreneurship.
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Hughes, Sarah Louise. "Understanding cultural participation and value in Barnsley." Thesis, University of Leicester, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/42515.
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This thesis sets out to question representations of culture constructed in relation to the English town of Barnsley. The thesis asks whether such representations might be implicated in the reproduction of social and economic inequalities in relation to distinct geographical places and their communities and seeks to reveal new representations generated through detailed oral history interviews. Drawing upon official statistics and a number of example press representations of Barnsley in relation to culture, the thesis begins by discussing existing constructions of Barnsley’s cultural ecology. The thesis then considers narratives of cultural participation generated through oral history interviews undertaken with people from Barnsley in order to investigate the articulated experiences and stated cultural values of individuals who have spent their lives in the town. The thesis gives voice to people from Barnsley as a route to complicating understandings of the cultural ecology of the town. The thesis also briefly investigates a key moment in the historical development of a particular cultural institution, the Coal Industry Social Welfare Organisation, seeking to understand the relationship between this history and some of the distinctive aspects of cultural participation and value forming a part of Barnsley’s cultural ecology. The thesis seeks to inform cultural policy debate through deepening understanding of, and gaining recognition for, particular aspects of cultural participation and articulations of cultural value existing within the town of Barnsley. Moreover, the thesis argues for the inclusion of diverse perspectives within cultural policy debates and decision making processes at all levels in order that our collective understanding of what culture might entail is enriched and our cultural policymaking is democratised, limiting opportunity for a narrowly defined ‘culture’ to be utilised as a tool in the reproduction of social and economic inequalities within society.
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Frearson, Annabel. "Cash, not rocks! : the transformation of cultural value." Thesis, Goldsmiths College (University of London), 2015. http://research.gold.ac.uk/11657/.
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My art practice research project Frankenstein2; or, The Monster of Main Stream involves using all and only the words from Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein; or, The Modern Prometheus (1831) to create a new contemporary novel and associated collaborative works, facilitated by a customised database software programme, FrankenWriter [FrankenWriter was developed by French robotics artist, Patrick Tresset.] The resulting reconfigurations of Shelley’s words become vehicles to rehearse contemporary political, theoretical and artistic concerns, while creating new dialogical relationships and exploring ideas of the expanded novel and dispersed authorship in the digital age. My theoretical research is largely concerned with the transformation of cultural value within neoliberal and computational rationalities, with a focus on self-reflexive methodologies that deploy cultural objects as dispositifs (apparatuses) or lenses through which I analyse and produce the reconfiguration of knowledge. The thesis implicitly and playfully challenges the proposition for newness in cultural research through neologisms such as ‘datocracy’, ‘infomanticism’ and ‘LouisQuatorzisation’ in which fragments of data assume sublime agency and cultural objects play out power relations, thereby representing potent apparatuses for everyman and totalitarian alike. At the core is my construction of a methodology maudite, a promiscuous dispositif that draws from diverse existing and evolving methodologies, theories and paradigms in the production of exorbitant imaginary relationships between fragments of cultural data, illustrated by the key example of Last Tango Inception, an illicit conjoining of two films that would not ordinarily be seen together. As an artist engaged in performative conceptual writing, I am interested in the proposition that methodology, in its ideological maturation of process, might now subsume form and content.
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Thomen, Carl R. "Cultural technology and sporting value : a philosophical investigation." Thesis, University of Gloucestershire, 2012. http://eprints.glos.ac.uk/1923/.
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Few people would dispute that today’s world is highly technological. But what do we mean when we talk of ‘technology’, and is it possible to quantify its effect on human beings? This thesis considers the relationship between technology and humanity as being one of symbiosis - we shape our tools and in turn, our tools shape us. The nature of this relationship is described by ‘essentialist’ critics of technology as narrowing the focus of human endeavour towards a technological value-set dominated by efficiency, to the detriment of other values important to the human animal. Sport provides an excellent framework for examining the impact of technology defined in this way, as it is a ubiquitous and highly technological arena. If it can be plausibly argued that an increasingly technological and performance-centred approach to sport is detrimental to an holistic understanding of sport’s potential to benefit both the individual and society as a whole, it may be the case that sport provides accessible and irrefutable evidence for the truth of the essentialists’ claims regarding the impact on society of technology writ large. This thesis presents such an argument. Furthermore, if we grant the essentialist critics their contention and admit the impossibility of returning to an ‘untechnological’ world, we have to find some way of restoring and maintaining an holistic existence in the face of the restricted value-set imposed by our technology and our interactions with it. To this end, the latter part of this thesis promotes ‘metaphysical’ sporting values (freedom, self-affirmation and beautiful, harmonious action) as a way to counter-balance the impact of technology in sport and suggest ways to solve the ‘technological problem’ more generally.
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McMahan, Ethan A. "Values and mortality salience the moderating effects of value orientation on cultural worldview defense /." Laramie, Wyo. : University of Wyoming, 2007. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1400968231&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=18949&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
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Hayajneh, Abdalla F. (Abdalla Farhan). "Personal Value Systems of American and Jordanian Managers: A Cross-Cultural Study." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1990. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc330783/.
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The objectives of this study are: (1) to explore the personal value systems of Jordanian managers; (2) to examine the relationship between the personal values of Jordanian managers and their behavior (i.e., decision making); and (3) to compare the personal value systems of Jordanian and American managers. To achieve the first and the second objectives, England's (1967) Personal Value Questionnaire (PVQ) and the Behavioral Measurement Questionnaire have been respectively utilized. To achieve the final objective, the behavioral relevance scores derived from this study are compared with those in England's (1975) study. Finally, demographic and organizational data are used to describe the characteristics of Jordanian managers and serve as covariates in the statistical analysis. In reference to the statistical techniques, England's scoring methodology, factor analysis and multiple regression, are used to determine the relationship between the personal value systems of Jordanian managers and their behavior (i.e., decisionmaking). England's (1975) "rule of thumb" (adjusted to 15 percent difference) and the Chisguare test are used to test the significant differences between the personal value systems of the Jordanian and American respondents. The findings of this study are as follows: 1. The primary value orientation of Jordanian managers responding to this study is moralistic in nature, while their secondary value orientation is pragmatic. Concerning the value profile, Jordanian managers have 34, 3, 8, and 21 concepts of the PVQ as operative, intended, adopted, and weak values respectively. Behavior relevance analysis indicates that Jordanian managers have emphasized certain value concepts which reflect their perception of economic need and their social value structure. 2. According to England's procedure, there is a qualified relationship between the personal values of Jordanian managers and their reported behavior, while there is a partial relationship according to factor analysis and multiple regression. 3. There are similarities and/or differences between the personal value systems of the two managerial groups linally, a summary of the findings, along with conclusions, implications, and suggestions are offered for individuals and organizations doing business in Jordan.
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Reaves, Mekay L. "Perceived status value regarding elderly individuals : assessing cultural influence /." Read thesis online, 2009. http://library.uco.edu/UCOthesis/ReavesML2010.pdf.
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Kim, Yongwoo. "Reflections of Cultural Value: Korean Automobile Corporations' Television Advertising." Thesis, University of Hawaii at Manoa, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10125/7076.
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In 1964, Marshall McLuhan named the world "a global village". With developments of technology in communication and transportation, the notion of "globalization" is found everywhere in political, socio-economic, and cultural discourse. In marketing theory, the notion of "globalization" was introduced by Theodore Levitt in 1983, when he argued that "companies must learn to operate as if the world were one large market ignoring superficial regional and national differences and selling the same products in the same way throughout the world" (pp. 92-93). In marketing, the significance of geographical border is tapering off as corporations have expanded their businesses globally. As the consumers' needs and tastes around the world become similar with globalization, marketing and advertising directors of transnational corporations (TNC) seek to standardize advertising in the international market (Elinder, 1965; Johnsson & Thorelli, 1985). This international marketing approach seems to make sense because consumers around the world may have similar desires for qualities and values. However, it may be unrealistic to integrate the international market without considering the differences in culture, infrastructure, and development of economy and technology (Mooij, 1994). The differences in infrastructure such as transport system, distribution, available media, and legal conditions, as well as the differences in economy and technology are important to international marketing. However, the cultural difference is considered as the core of international advertising strategies because advertising is a reflection of culture. This study examined the reflection of cultural values in advertising through the analysis of experts' opinion and a content analysis of TV commercials in international markets.vii, 64 leaves
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Smith, Jennifer Marion. "Resolving inter-cultural value conflicts in Canadian healthcare practice." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp05/mq27378.pdf.
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Viol, Claus-Ulrich. "Jukebooks: contemporary British fiction, popular music, and cultural value." Heidelberg Winter, 2004. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?id=2772862&prov=M&dok_var=1&dok_ext=htm.
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Marbach, Cecily Batsheva. "Virtue meets value: the future of successful cultural philanthropy." The Ohio State University, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1413383738.
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Borchi, Alice. "Culture and economic crisis : cultural value in Italy from 2008 to the present day." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2017. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/108584/.
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This doctoral work is based on analysis of the discourse on cultural value in contemporary Italy, what are the 'grand narratives' that characterize this discourse and what is the relationship between them. In particular, great relevance is given to the concepts of “neoliberalism” and “commons”. The application of these two economical terms to the field of culture is particularly relevant in the Italian discourse: in 2011, Italy saw the rise of protest groups made of professionals from the arts sector who opposed practices influenced by the theories on the commons to the implementation of neoliberal-inspired policies. In fact, since the beginning of the economic crisis in 2008, the discontent of the Italian population with the implementation of austerity policies and the lack of political and economic stability caused an uprising involvement in political activism. The cultural sector, in particular, was facing a lack of state funding; in addition, many young professionals had been struggling to find a paid job, especially in the theatre sector. The dissatisfaction of the emergent creative class led to a series of demonstrations and campaigns that asked for the recognition of the rights of arts workers. Many abandoned buildings, especially former theatres, were occupied and became spaces dedicated to artistic and political experimentation. Two of these organisations are discussed in the case studies: Teatro Valle Occupato, in Rome, and Rebeldía, in Pisa. The idea of cultural value promoted by these organisations is analysed in relation to the one reflected by Italian cultural policy after 2008. This thesis shows not only how cultural value is shaped by economic factors such as austerity, but also how it represents a battleground where different ways of understanding politics and policy clash, mingle and sometimes overlap. Furthermore, it shows that activist forms of arts management can develop their own pathways to innovation, filling a vacuum left by cultural policy.
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Zhang, Jingjing. ""Distorted Mirrors" in Cyber Space: Cultural Values Reflected in Internet Automobile Advertisements in China." Ohio : Ohio University, 2008. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1199294776.
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Earl, Benjamin. "Sites of Arthur : mythic quests for cultural identity and value." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2007. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/54300/.
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From the Gododdin to Gary Hughes, from Sir Thomas Malory to Bernard Cornwell, from Tintagel Castle to the Camelot Theme Park, the Arthurian myth has continued to exert a fascination and pull over the centuries. Different interpretations are appropriated by different cultures, subcultures and individuals as a marker of distinction, yet they find themselves tied to the dominant chivalric myth even when positioning themselves against this form of Arthur. This thesis looks at the cultural-historical conditions that result in certain Arthurian texts being valued more highly than others, and argues that contrary to Barthes's assertion of 'The Death of the Author', Foucault's author function allows for an understanding as to why the Romance chivalric version of the myth as exemplified by Malory has come to be dominant. By showing how Arthurian signifiers are 'floating signifiers' that allow meanings to be contested at any one time according to the taste-cultures concerned, this thesis looks at how the Arthurian myth is appropriated as a means of distinction for cultures, subcultures, and individuals. This contest over meanings sees different sections of society attempting to naturalise and value certain interpretations of the Arthurian myth as 'authentic' in order to legitimate their own taste-culture. Drawing on Bourdieu's notions of Cultural and Symbolic Capital, and Fields of Production, it is possible to look at how the Arthurian myth is used to naturalise the position-taking strategies of both producers and consumers. Analysis consists not only of certain representative 'Sites of Arthur', but also of inter-texts surrounding these works, and audience research in relation to specific case studies. The thesis focuses not only on the response within the cultural fields themselves, but also at how Arthur is appropriated by those outside of the respective fields, and looks at the cultural contexts in which Arthur is sited.
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Havas, Julia Eva. "Invocations of feminism : cultural value, gender, and American quality television." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2016. https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/63135/.
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This thesis examines the emergence of a trend in American post-millennial television often described in journalistic discourses with the term ‘feminist quality TV’. While the strategic reliance on feminist politics is a historically established method in American television to promote certain programming’s cultural value, the cultural specificities of the early 21st century deem this phenomenon unique enough for an in-depth study. The emergence of ‘feminist quality television’ is governed by the rhetorical subversion of two phenomena simultaneously: the much-debated development of the era’s masculine-coded ‘quality television’ culture on the one hand, and the dominance of ‘postfeminist’ popular culture on the other. Post-millennial ‘quality television’ culture cultivates the idea of aesthetic-generic hierarchies among different types of scripted programming. This category’s development has facilitated academic interest in television texts’ evaluative analysis based on aesthetic merit, an approach that other strands of TV scholarship contest for sidestepping the gendered and classed processes of canonisation informing the phenomenon. By the mid-2010s, the debate between aesthetic versus political analysis had intensified in television studies. The thesis intervenes in this by arguing for a synthesis of approaches that does not further foster already prominent processes of canonisation, but interrogates the cultural forces underlying them. Via detailed analyses of four programmes emerging within the ‘feminist quality TV’ trend, namely 30 Rock (2006-2013), Parks and Recreation (2009-2015), The Good Wife (2009-2016), and Orange Is the New Black (2013-), it seeks to understand how they mediate their cultural significance by negotiating formal-aesthetic exceptionalism and a politicised rhetoric around a ‘problematic’ postfeminism, thus linking ideals of political and aesthetic value. The ultimate purpose of this research is to demonstrate the necessity in television analysis of unpacking both the specific genderedness of television’s cultivation of aesthetic value, and the context of aesthetics and form in which the programmes’ political implications emerge.
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Antoniazzi, Luca. "The sustainability of film heritage : cultural policy, digitalisation and value." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2017. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/16918/.
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Digital preservation is posing major challenges to audiovisual institutions. However, debates surrounding infrastructural sustainability and stewardship in relation to film heritage (FH) are still underdeveloped. In light of this, the thesis examines changes in external relationships and the internal processes of film heritage institutions (FHIs). The methods used are document analysis and elite interviews. The former allows investigation of the broad institutional climate in which FHIs operate. The latter allows analysis of the insights and values of established professionals who are key figures in policy formation. The findings of the thesis are structured in three blocks. Firstly, the institutional context. FHIs have been influenced by neoliberal cultural policies, in three main ways: (1) they are de facto asked to prioritise digital access over other activities; (2) they have been pushed towards collaborative provision to pursue economies of scale; (3) they have been pushed towards a more frequent use of public/private partnerships. Meanwhile, the relationships with other important institutional players (universities and the film industry), seem to remain substantially intact. Secondly, organisation. The rapid increase in preservation costs is not being met by public subsidy or other forms of income. Indeed, new economic resources are provided mainly to support digital access so that preservation solutions are, in most cases, temporary and fragmented initiatives. As far as the analogue collections are concerned, the readjustment of some archival practices does not correspond to substantial changes in archival principles. Thirdly, dissemination. Due to the configuration of the institutional context, online access, for the time being, is only offering limited opportunities. More opportunities, in the long run, might be offered by theatrical presentations due to lowering distribution costs. The thesis offers three main proposals for action in relation to each of the previous blocks: (1) systematic lobbying and development of stronger relationships with academia to gain legitimacy and to encourage regulations for the IT sector; (2) setting up publicly-owned digital preservation infrastructures and, when possible, safeguarding analogue processing capacity to avoid mass digitisation; (3) elaboration of a richer articulation of the cultural and social value of film heritage.
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Wang, Chen-Yun. "What Parents Value Matters: Examining the Association Between Cultural Values, Parenting Styles/Practices, and Child Outcomes." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2019. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/8591.
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Researchers have identified significant relationships between parenting styles and child outcomes. However, these associations might vary in different cultures because parenting behaviors could link to cultural values. Additionally, understanding the cultural values of parents would help researchers better understand the reasons of parents’ behaviors. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the relationships between parental Asian values, parenting styles, parenting practices, and child outcomes. Parents of preschool-age children (N = 273) from Taiwan completed a series of parenting values and parenting behaviors questionnaires. Teachers rated child prosocial behaviors, modesty, sociability, and impulse control. Results revealed that some domains of parents’ cultural values were associated with parenting behaviors, and in turn, associated with child outcomes. Maternal and paternal effects varied. These findings suggest that researchers or practitioners should not simply assume the relationship between certain parenting behaviors and child outcomes are the same across cultures.
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Smith, Bethan Evie. "The pianoforte at the Great Exhibition of 1851 : investigating cultural value." Thesis, Goldsmiths College (University of London), 2017. http://research.gold.ac.uk/20162/.
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My thesis is an object-based study which uses the piano as an investigative tool with which to explore cultural value from the perspective of different audiences in attendance at the Great Exhibition of 1851. In a nutshell, my approach is to use an object to explore how a specific historical event was understood. The piano proves to be a provocative agent; physical complexity (both internal and external), the ability to signify multiple meanings and a varied price tag are all relevant characteristics. The thesis examines the perspective of the Exhibition organisers, juxtaposed with networks of other human and non-human actors, focusing specifically on how the materiality of objects and the Exhibition building contributed to meaning. The thesis also considers how visitors and judges might have evaluated exhibits taking into account what knowledge and ‘habitus’ would have shaped their understanding. The piano maker’s perspective is investigated with a view to establishing why the range of instruments displayed was so diverse and whether or not the items chosen reflected normal everyday output. The consumer’s perspective questions how class purchasing power might have impacted how visitors understood the designation ‘cheap’ which was applied to some products, including the piano. Some of my work tackles issues already identified by Exhibition scholars such as visuality, imperialism, consumerism and the question of working-class inclusion, using alternate theoretical methods. Most of the thesis, however, ventures into new territory, specifically the significance of materiality and the role of sound. My work also questions whether the piano was understood primarily as a sound producer or as a decorative object adopting a constructivist methodology rather than the more usual technological approach. In wider terms, my most significant contribution, both to the fields of New Organology and Material Culture Studies, concerns the application of physical evidence to answer wider cultural questions.
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Horton, Erica. "'Luxury items' : discourses of cultural value in creating Channel 4 comedy." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2015. https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/58414/.
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This thesis examines the discourses around creativity and cultural value that underpin the language used to construct television comedy at Channel 4 within three sites: broadcasting policy documents, interviews with Channel 4 heads of department and commissioners, and creative practitioners that have produced comedies for Channel 4 broadcast. In doing so this thesis uses a post-structural discourse analysis perspective with which to approach how comedy is understood as a genre within television industry policy, how departmental categorisation creates meaning around social purpose through discourses of cultural value and how this is both recreated and manifest among the understanding of what it means to create television comedy under the public service remit with which Channel 4 is charged. Through this multi-platform analysis, this study brings new light to comedy’s position within British broadcasting’s traditions of public service, it highlights the distinction of cultural value enacted by positioning some forms of comedy under the Comedy Department and others elsewhere under Entertainment. I argue that this process of inclusion and exclusion is framed through the justification of value in a way that reconstructs binary cultural hierarchies dependent on the notion of art and creativity as oppositional to the commercial and the popular. As such this thesis concludes that such cultural hierarchies are problematic for access and diversity in the creative labour force of British television comedy at Channel 4, particularly within the context of Channel 4’s specific remit to host a diverse range of talent both on and off screen and in doing so to encourage diversity, as a reflection of a pluralised British audience and society, across all British terrestrial channels.
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Milliken, Ian Minot. "The Significance of Heritage Value: From Historic Properties to Cultural Resources." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/222631.
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Throughout history, the direct or indirect choice of preservation has resulted in the successful incorporation of tangible products of the human past into modern cultural environments. Within the current American historic preservation system, "significance" is used as a delimiter for identifying historic properties that are determined beneficial to the heritage of the American people. As defined under U.S. law, however, "significance" is attributed only to places and objects whose importance is limited within an historical or scientific framework. This thesis proposes that the significance of historic properties transcends the boundaries of these limited frameworks of importance, and demonstrates that the public benefits of preservation are maximized when history is reified through the modern-use of these places and objects as cultural resources for the current and future generations of the American people.
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Lin, Shang-Yen. "Design for Unfamiliar Cultures." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1427982897.
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Gao, Qian. "World Heritage, Archaeological Tourism and Social Value in China." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/401428.
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This doctoral thesis explores the relationship between archaeological tourism, World Heritage and social value in contemporary China. It intends to provide an innovative insight into such connections by scrutinizing the impact of archaeological tourism on the social values that local communities attribute to archaeological sites that are either inscribed as UNESCO World Heritage Sites or in the process of becoming one. Archaeological tourism refers to people’s activity of consuming the past through visiting places of archaeological significance. In this doctoral thesis, the discussion concerning archaeological tourism focuses on specific types of archaeological sites; those that are either inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage List or are in the process of achieving World Heritage Status. The growing commercialization of archaeological sites for tourism, compounded by the rising influence of the World Heritage List, has greatly affected the lives of communities in the immediate vicinity of archaeological sites. One way to comprehend such an effect is to analyze the changes in the social values assigned to those sites by their local residents. This is because archaeological tourism has an ability to (re)create and modify those social values attributed to archaeological sites by their local population, by changing their function, capacity, quality and meaning. In this process, the UNESCO World Heritage List also plays an important role in providing advice on the touristic transformation of these sites in preparation for World Heritage inscription, especially during the pre-nomination period.Set against this background, this doctoral thesis aims to analyze the impact of tourism on the social values that local communities attribute to archaeological sites that are either on the UNESCO World Heritage List or in the process of being assigned World Heritage status. The Daming Palace archaeological site and the Huashan rock art area are taken as its case studies. Both sites are excellent examples when it comes to representing Chinese archaeological sites in the two main phases of attaining World Heritage status; nomination and full designation. In order to achieve the general aim of this doctoral research, four objectives are proposed. The first is the identification ofthe main issues that have emerged from the current development of archaeological tourism in China. Secondly, this thesis critically examines the development of archaeological tourism at the two case study sites. Thirdly, an in-depth analysis is made of the perceptions and attitudes of local communities towards such development in the two cases studied. The final objective is the discussion of the impact of archaeological tourism on social values attributed to the two sites by their local communities with reference to the influence of the World Heritage List. To attain these objectives, the investigation undertaken in this doctoral thesis employs qualitative approaches under the theoretical framework of archaeological ethnography. The ultimate goal of the research is to encourage further reflection on the existing management mechanisms of archaeological heritage in China and worldwide.Esta tesis doctoral analiza la relación entre turismo arqueológico, Patrimonio Mundial y valor social en China, proporcionando una visión innovadora en las conexiones establecidas entre cada uno de estos tres parámetros. Se pretende examinar el efecto que el turismo arqueológico está teniendo en los valores sociales que las comunidades locales atribuyen a los sitios arqueológicos que, o están inscritos ya como Patrimonio Mundial de la UNESCO, o que están en proceso de convertirse en tales. El primero de los elementos centrales en este trabajo es el “turismo arqueológico”, concepto con el que nos referimos a la actividad de consumir el pasado a través de la visita a lugares que contienen monumentos y otro tipo de cultural material del pasado. En muchas partes del mundo, los sitios arqueológicos se utilizan cada vez más para fines comerciales sobre todo mediante la promoción del turismo cultural, a la vez que, dada su capacidad para hacer propaganda narrativas nacionales y siguiendo una tradición establecida durante los dos últimos siglos, siguen siendo explotados como medio de promoción del nacionalismo. Con esto quiero dar a entender que estas dos funciones que acabo de exponer más arriba, por una parte la promoción de la identidad nacional y la educación del público sobre la narrativa nacional y por la otra el turismo arqueológico-cultural no son incompatibles, siendo este último el de más reciente aparición pero habiéndose convertido hoy en día en un componente cada vez más importante de la economía local e incluso nacional, puesto que fomenta la generación de ingresos y la creación de puestos de trabajo. El segundo de los elementos centrales a esta tesis doctoral es el Patrimonio Mundial. El análisis de la forma en la que el turismo está afectando a la arqueología se centrará no en todos los sitios arqueológicos sin distinción, sino en aquellos que ya han inscritos en la Lista del Patrimonio Mundial o están en proceso avanzado de conseguirlo. Con “Lista del Patrimonio Mundial”. El valor social, el tercer elemento crucial en esta tesis doctoral, está relacionado con la reflexión sobre las comunidades locales en áreas de Patrimonio Mundial.
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Dalgar, Ilker. "Relational Models Theory And Their Associations With Cultural Orientations And Personal Value Priorities In The Turkish Cultural Context." Master's thesis, METU, 2012. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12614770/index.pdf.
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This study aims to investigate elementary models of social relations in Turkish cultural context and to link these models with horizontal and vertical individualism and collectivism and personal value priorities. Fiske (1992) suggested that four elementary relationship models: communal sharing, authority ranking, equality matching, and market pricing motivate, organize, generate, coordinate, and evaluate almost all social relations. First, the Modes of Relationship Questionnaire (MORQ) asessing the four relational models was adopted to Turkish. Second, systematical associations of relational models with horizontal and vertical individualism and collectivism and personal value priorities were examined. It was expected that horizontal cultural dimensions would predict equality matching and vertical dimensions would predict authority ranking, individualism would be linked to market pricing and collectivism would be linked to communal sharing. For personal value priorities, self-trancendence values would be associatedwith communal sharing, self-enhancement with authority ranking and market pricing, and conservation with authority ranking. Participants (N = 214) completed the MORQ, the Individualism and Collectivism Scale (INDCOL), and the Portrait Values Questionnaire (PVQ). The four factor-structure of the relational models was supported in comfirmatory factor analyses. The hypothesized associations between relaitonal models, cultural orientations, and personal priorities were mostly supported. The results indicated that collectivism predicted communal sharing, vertical dimensions predicted authority ranking, horizontal collectivism predicted equality matching, and vertical individualism predicted market pricing. It was also found that self-trancendence predicted communal sharing and equality matching, self-enhancement predicted authority ranking and market pricing, and conservation predicted authority ranking.Theoretical, methodological, and practical implications of the findings were discussed considering previous work and cultural context.
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Hyde, Jordan D. "Examining Justifiable and Unjustifiable Cultural Biases in Psychological Science." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2016. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/6575.
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Research in cultural psychology suggests that mind and behavior are necessarily cultural. The implications of this perspective call into question assumptions of scientific psychology's cultural neutrality and indicate that it may be a form of cultural community in its own right. As such, it seems that it will necessarily be defined by certain cultural biases that are exclusive of other cultural biases. Nevertheless, providing that scientists can strive to identify their explicit and implicit cultural biases, and so long as they can define their sciences in terms of cultural biases that are rational and mandatory within the internal logic of psychology, psychology's specific cultural biases may enable them to advance knowledge in ways that other cultural approaches, such as religion or ethics, cannot. This paper suggests criteria for identifying whether any given cultural biases within psychology might be justified or unjustified and reviews exemplars of justified and unjustified implicit and explicit cultural biases. It also discusses how, in cases of unjustified cultural bias, alternative cultural perspectives can be instrumental in scientific advancement. Ultimately, the paper suggests that psychologists can be culturally inclusive without compromising the truly critical cultural biases that make psychological science worthwhile. Moreover, it suggests ways in which cultural inclusion may be beneficial for individual psychologists, the discipline of scientific psychology as a whole, and in how psychological science engages with other cultural communities.
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Papajcik, Jessica L. "The Rhetoric of American Beauty: A Value Analysis." Akron, OH : University of Akron, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=akron1164663536.
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Thesis (M.A.)--University of Akron, School of Communication, 2006."December, 2006." Title from electronic thesis title page (viewed 06/27/2007) Advisor, Mary E. Triece; Committee members, Patricia S. Hill, N. J. Brown; Interim Director of the School, Carolyn M. Anderson; Interim Dean of the College, James M. Lynn; Dean of the Graduate School, George R. Newkome. Includes bibliographical references.
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Awaida-Nachabe, Nadia. "Examining Cross-cultural Affective Components of Global Competence From a Value Perspective." Scholar Commons, 2017. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/6798.
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The purpose of this study was to explore perceived importance of cultural values and affective components in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region and their relationships. This study identified which of the nine affective components of global competence and four higher order cultural values were perceived to be important in the MENA region. It also examined the correlations between cultural values and affective components and whether significant differences existed based on gender, age, and country of citizenship.
This research involved the combination of Wallenberg-Lerner’s Affective Component Questionnaire (ACQ) and Schwartz’s Portrait Value Questionnaire (PVQ). In conjunction with a demographic information form, the Affective Component Value Questionnaire (ACVQ) was developed. A panel of experts assisted in establishing the validity of the instrument.
All nine affective components were perceived to be important in this global era. Self-assurance, Tolerance for Ambiguity, and Connectedness were perceived to be the most important affective components of global competence, while the cultural value of Self-transcendence was recognized as the most important. Several positive correlations existed between three cultural values and eight affective components. The cultural value of Self-transcendence had the highest number of positive correlations with the seven affective components. Self-enhancement did not reveal any correlations.
Analysis of variance was conducted to determine the differences in perceptions based on age, gender, and country of citizenship. No significant differences were present in the perceptions of the affective components and the cultural values based on gender. Perceptions by age were similar for the affective components, but differed for the cultural values. MENA citizens between the ages of 18-25 years more highly regarded the cultural value of Openness to Change and the 46 years and older age group more highly regarded Conservation than the other groups. Perceptions by country of citizenship differed for the affective components, but were similar for the cultural values. Lebanon more highly regarded the affective components, of Adaptability and Empathy. Morocco more highly regarded Connectedness while Tunisia more highly regarded Curiosity.
The findings of this research could have a global benefit of raising the awareness and the integration of the MENA’s perceptions of global competencies into the areas of education, research, policy initiatives, and the private sector.
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Kusdil, M. Ersin. "Value socialisation in cultural context : a study with British and Turkish families." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.326931.
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Ogle, David Hadlow. "The value of distance : art's cultural identity amidst technology's transformations of space." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2018. http://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/3026646/.
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This study explores technology's propensity to transform our comprehensions of space, considering the implications of this for our understandings of the work of art and the value that we ascribe to it. With our encounters increasingly a by-product of technological interface, the central question of this work is posed as follows: In what ways (and to what degree) may we regard the contemporary conditions facing the art object (and the values that these elicit) as a consequence of our prevailing technological landscape and its capacity to re-configure our conceptions of space and place? In confronting this, the study begins by surveying recent public justifications made for the arts and the criteria by which their value is ascertained. A trend is recognised, in the growing prevalence of instrumental qualifiers for art's worth (its quantifiable impacts as a social utility) and a shift away from intrinsic measures. In response to this, I propose the concept of Accumulative Value, arguing that the totality of an art object's intellectual considerations and explorations (over historical time) are an intrinsic attribute of the object itself and a qualifier of its objective worth. The notion of value itself (with its varying interpretations) is then explored, followed by a contemporary re-evaluation of Walter Benjamin's concept of the aura, arguing that in our present circumstances this notion may be used in description of an object's fixed spatial locality. The degree to which technologies of telepresence undermine such locality is then examined, noting trends in technological progression toward an abolition of distance, in both a spatial and temporal sense, that diminish our ability to recognise Accumulative Value. In consummation, it is proposed that technologies, as Competitive Cognitive Artefacts, may play a role in manifesting a situation in which the intrinsic measures of art's worth are progressively disregarded, yet, that the auric artwork can come to fulfil a timely imperative, in reconnecting us to a somatic relationship with space and a linear understanding of time; such perceivable phenomena that are jeopardised by technological transformations.
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Gliozzo, Gianfranco Antonino. "Leveraging the value of crowdsourced geographic information to detect cultural ecosystem services." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2018. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/10054174/.
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Within ecological research and environmental management, there is current focus on demonstrating the links existing between human well-being and nature conservation. There is a need for better understanding how and why people value certain places over others. At the same time, there is a lack of consolidated methodologies, and limited experimentation in the detection of places connected to the immaterial benefits we get from nature. Those benefits are termed Cultural Ecosystem Services (CES). This research analyses the potential of Crowdsourced Geographic Information (CGI) to support the detection of CES with large scale insights derived from the analysis of digital cultural practices. CGI is produced through social media, in situations where individuals choose to share content. Therefore, a CGI project is often the expression of a community of interest and different projects have different supporting communities with different demographics and cultural profiles. The research combines multiple projects pertaining to three different categories of CGI to avoid focusing only on a community or on a digital cultural practice. Using ecological and social considerations, this thesis contributes to the evaluation of such projects as potential analytical tools for CES research. The degree of appreciation of a specific place is derived from the number of people creating, sharing, or refining the information about it. The sequence of decisions and actions that leads to the sharing of information leaves digital proxies of spatial preferences, with people sharing specific information considering the place not only “worth visiting” but also “worth sharing”. Using south Wales and London as case studies, we demonstrate how the analysis of CGI can be included in methodologies used to detect CES. These results highlight how the inclusion of CGI, can be very effective in addressing some of the current priorities in conservation. It could potentially be used for better prioritisation, planning and management of natural and cultural resources towards a more sustainable development.
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Weisberg-Roberts, Alicia. "Antoine Watteau and the cultural value of drawing in eighteenth century France." Thesis, Courtauld Institute of Art (University of London), 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.417694.
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Flores, Juan Carlos. "Cultural Value Differences in Arguments Between Presidents Ronald Reagan and Oscar Arias." PDXScholar, 1989. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/3877.
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Costa Rica embodies many of the characteristics which the United States would like to foster in Central America and elsewhere. In recent years, however, misunderstandings have often been present in the development of relations between both nations, and leaders. These differences have been particularly visible between Presidents Reagan and Arias when carrying out their foreign policies towards Central America.
Recent developments in warfare, social and political unrest and economic crises in the region added to the emergence of a Central American political leadership--independent of U.S. decision making-have increased international misunderstandings between both political speakers. These misunderstandings are shown by Reagan and Arias' through their public discourses which have revealed deterioration in communication and cooperation between them.
Since Reagan and Arias come from different cultures, their values are different, making it difficult for the two men to communicate effectively. Towards discovering the differences m cultural values underlying arguments between them, this study uses the Toulmin model to provide a critical and interpretative analysis of the exchange of political arguments from both leaders concerning Central America. Data were collected from public discourses by Reagan and Arias. An intercultural communication perspective is then used to assess the effects of the arguments on international understanding.
This research was successful in isolating a number of political arguments concerning Reagan and Arias' respective policies toward Central America, it revealed consistently different underlying cultural values. These differences in cultural values may affect the mutual understanding between the two political leaders, since their discourses did not acknowledge each other's cultural values or patterns of thinking.
At the core of Reagan and Arias' disagreements is the ethnocentric assumption that each is similar to the other. This assumption is not a recommended strategy for intercultural interaction.
Because of the novelty of this type of interdisciplinary interpretative research, the results can not be compared adequately with previous research on values in public discourse.
Further investigation in this area should support the worth of studying political argumentation from the combines approaches of rhetorical analysis and intercultural communication.
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Rowan, Jaron. "The creative industries and the cultural commons : transformations in labour, value and production." Thesis, Goldsmiths College (University of London), 2012. http://research.gold.ac.uk/8022/.
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The following work constitutes an inquiry into the economic, social and political composition of what are commonly known as the cultural or creative industries. My aim is to provide a critique of the discursive origins, political dimensions, economic models and subjective constructions that shape the complex set of practices and discourses that comprise the creative industries. To do so, this work looks into the production of a set of schemes, policies, plans, economic models, modes of labour, regulations and discourses that have been designed in order to transform cultural practices into economic activities. I will contextualize these transformations within a general framework of what has been branded ‘cognitive capitalism’, acknowledging that this process needs to be understood with reference to the neoliberalization of the wider economy through focusing on a set of changes in the nature of labour, value and creativity. I then attempt to understand the ecosystem in which the creative industries are enmeshed. In order to do so, I will discuss the notion of the cultural commons: the pools of collective ideas and knowledge from which these enterprises capture their raw material. Not only will this give an understanding of the nature of the sources of knowledge and ideas that feed the creative industries but will also to provide a good opportunity to understand the communities, objects and relations that shape them. Finally there is a discussion on the tensions, bifurcations and alternatives that escape the hegemonic economic models promoted by policy. This will open up possibilities in which to think of forms of self-organization and commons-based cultural enterprises that might provide new spaces in which the economy and culture can meet.
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Aburounia, Hamida Milad. "The internal layout design of social housing in Libya : a cultural value perspective." Thesis, University of Salford, 2007. http://usir.salford.ac.uk/43039/.
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Social housing is a basic human need and essential for the future of individuals and society. An appropriate housing internal layout plays a crucial role in the sustainable urban development. The fundamental goal of sustainable development in the built environment is to protect and improve the quality of life which lies at the heart of the interaction between the environment, economy, society and culture. Cultural sustainability reflects the ideas of how to accommodate local cultural values and norms with modem means. Previous research on housing design from an Islamic perspective has consistently concluded that traditional housing design for Muslims are affected by Islamic tenets, but that modern housing design did not adequately consider the cultural values which stem from Islamic rules. This conflict articulated in the literature, however, does not go on to provide an adequate explanation of its causes, and what constitutes appropriate internal layout design from an Islamic perspective. To investigate these questions a conceptual framework is offered for sustainable social housing layout design from a cultural value perspective which identifies and integrates: cultural capital - an intangible variable which expresses local cultural values that has to be explicated and considered in internal layout; social capital -a variable represents the actions taken by actors; and, structural capital -a variable is added to represent applicable sustainable development indicators to evaluate social housing development from a cultural value. The conceptual framework was investigated and developed through a single case study. Semi-structure interviews were used to explore a variety of key actor perspectives on the 60,000 social housing units project in Libya. Content analysis and cognitive mapping were used as data analysis tools. The results revealed two different perspectives: the needs, flexibility, functionality, and adoptability of private areas, semi-private areas, and semi-public areas in housing units were sufficiently created in response to the lifestyle, religious activities, social occasions, family structure and family privacy from the local design teams and users' perspective. The preference of public areas was insufficiently identified in response to the family privacy from the users' perspective. In developing and testing the conceptual framework, the research findings contribute to sustainable development theory by affirming that cultural sustainability theory is significant for appropriate social housing layout design from a cultural value perspective. The results pointed out that an appropriate internal layout and design of social housing units that accommodates diverse user's activities and needs can be occupied for longer periods of time and can minimise environmentally and financially cost. Enhancing societal cultural heritage in the built environment benefits the overall population and helps raising cultural sensitivity and awareness that enriches the society.
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Khan, Zakkiya. "Inherit value : POPUP skills training centre, Salvokop." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/29726.
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This dissertation responds to the problem that intervention on historical architecture generally represents a loss of value to the existing building and new programme. It investigates the relationship between the alteration of historical architecture and the introduction of new intervention which reflects current users, time and programme through cultural production. Historical architecture is static and rejects the notion of change. Interior design opts to alter the existing to ensure new inhabitation in changing times. Cultural production is the process by which products are designed to relate intrinsically to their user group culture and identity. The study links all three factors through the design of the People’s Upliftment Programme skills training centre in Salvokop (2011 POPUP), in a building which was constructed in 1909 as the chief engineer’s office (1909 CEO) for Pretoria’s railway line. The project seeks to identify a balance between retaining the identity and character of the existing (“historical ideal”), and explicitly reflecting the energy of the skills learners and skills training programmes which have subsequently occupied the building.Dissertation (MInt(Prof))--University of Pretoria, 2011.
Architecture
unrestricted
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Richards, Oscar. "Teachers' Perceptions About the Value of Culturally Relevant Pedagogy| A Case Study." Thesis, Northcentral University, 2017. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10255478.
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This qualitative case study took place in a racially, ethnically, culturally, and linguistically diverse community. It involved interviewing 11 teacher volunteers from a high school in a culturally diverse community in New York, each at different stages of their teaching careers, to obtain their perceptions about the value of implementing culturally responsive teaching (CRT) in their instruction to enhance the learning opportunities of students from culturally diverse backgrounds. The broad objective of this inquiry was to seek ways of establishing a pedagogy appropriate for students from diverse backgrounds. The specific aim was to use teachers’ perceptions about implementing CRT techniques in their instruction to effectively satisfy the learning, academic achievement, and socioemotional health of their culturally and linguistically diverse (CLD) students. Participants responded to interview questions by completing and returning the interview questionnaire they were given. Five participants further participated by explaining more fully how they believed the CRT techniques they employed in delivering classroom instruction enhanced opportunities for the CLD students. The data collected from the responses of all participants were examined and sorted according to similarities and differences. The analysis of responses received by all teachers revealed they all agreed that CRT methods were the best approach for reaching and engaging CLD students in the classroom and thereby maximizing opportunities for them to attain success in their academic achievements, and for addressing their socio-emotional health. In addition, all teachers expressed support for more professional development (PD), especially in CRT on-going programs to enable them to be better educators of CLD students. The findings of the study implied that not all teachers were adequately trained to effectively teach students from diverse backgrounds. It is recommended that schools’ governing bodies institute PD programs with the specific aim of engaging all teachers in compulsory on-going involvement in the acquisition of skills required for addressing the needs and interests of CLD students. Schools’ officials should also create regular in-house workshops and lectures to keep teachers current with new CRT techniques recommended by the on-going research in the field.
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Smith, Darrell Jon. "A values-based wood-fuel landscape evaluation : building a fuzzy logic framework to integrate socio-cultural, ecological, and economic value." Thesis, University of Cumbria, 2014. http://insight.cumbria.ac.uk/id/eprint/3191/.
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In meeting the UK Government's national and international renewable energies commitments and their role in UK energy security, decarbonisation of energy use, carbon sequestration and climate change mitigation, the recognition of a potential for considerable scaling up of UK woodland coverage is emphasised. Also, UK forestry has increasingly become realigned with the global sustainability agenda encompassing issues such as native woodlands, the decline of woodland biodiversity, the Government’s quality of life indicators, and ideas of socio-cultural, ecological and economic landscape scale values. Accordingly, socio-cultural interaction with the natural world places structure and components into the landscape, the subsequent combinations of which are characterised by consequent ecological and economic conditions. As a consequence compositional, structural, spatial and temporal differences produce different value outcomes. This thesis explores these value outcomes illustrating the multi-dimensional nature of the relationships that society experience with their surrounding landscape, across a range of case study wood-fuel producing landscapes. The case study landscapes describe traditional silvo-pastoral management, Natura 2000 forest, primarily managed around ideas of ecosystem goods and services, co-operatively and commercially owned sustainable forestry. Differences in value are observed between and within landscapes, value domains and value components. These differences reflect tensions that exist between sustainability and society’s continued use of natural resources. Consequently value articulates the nature of relationships between and within multiple value components, characterised by competing socio-cultural, ecological, economic interests. Thus value, as a concept, is built through an understanding of the connected, embedded nature of society’s relationship with the natural world. Using a novel fuzzy logic modelling based approach to valuation, the consequences of land-use choices and the associated changes across socio-cultural, ecological and economic value domains are made visible. Understanding the complex nature of these interrelated and interdependent relationships can inform the political and institutional decision making and policy setting process. In this manner knowledge of interaction, interdependence and the reality of trade-offs, consistent with systems describe by finitude, can support and facilitate deliberative discourse. Where the true nature of value is considered an emergent property expressed through an appreciation of the value components and the outcomes of their relationships. Thus value is fundamentally a comparative property and not the outcome of an accumulative argument.
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Miles, Elizabeth Frances. "Men of No Value| Contemporary Japanese Manhood and the Economies of Intimacy." Thesis, Yale University, 2017. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10633258.
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This dissertation is an ethnographic examination of how young Japanese men in contemporary Japan are negotiating the effects of postindustrial shifts on the production, consumption, and performance of heterosexual male desire within the "economies of intimacy" of sex, love, and marriage. Moving beyond popular pathologies of Japanese men and of "crisis," I argue that men have been increasingly economically and socially alienated from intimate institutions, provoking either anger toward the larger gender system or a reorganization of personal paths to manhood. This dissertation is based on fifteen-months of research in Tokyo between 2013 and 2014. In addition to interviews with young, unmarried Japanese men and masculinities studies scholars, I conducted participant observation in several key sites, such as "anti-love" demonstrations, matchmaking parties (machikon), and gender equality workshops. My work draws on historical and contemporary popular culture to examine modern discourses of male virginity, debates on romantic love, and the history of sexuality.
Setting the scene of contemporary Japanese manhood, the dissertation begins with a gendered history of postwar Japan culminating in the ideal of the dekiru otoko or "man who can do." This conception of masculinity as ability directly affects the three key intimacies of concern to both the greater Japanese public and to young men themselves. These intimacies of sex, love, and marriage, what I term the "economies of intimacy," and their varied articulations with—and affects on—the lives of young Japanese men form the core of this dissertation. I argue that it is through their ability to "do" sex, love, and marriage that men receive social recognition and value in postmainstream Japan. Amidst the continuing importance of marriage to social ideals of male adulthood and personal desires for children, many young men find the marital union to be unachievable. These men, broadly categorized as "undesirable" (himote), are questioning the current marital-gender order. Specifically addressing the financial burdens and feelings of economic objectification that marriage engenders, I argue that these "undesirables" are challenging feminist scholarship on men as the primary beneficiaries of marriage.
Historically situating the contemporary ideology of "love supremacy-ism" (ren'ai shijō shugi) within the longer trajectory of Japan's modernization, I engage with the various critics of this new ideology, examining how romantic love in contemporary Japan is both intimately entwined with, and mimics, capitalism. Termed "love-capitalism" (ren'ai shihon shugi), this system is a form of evaluative schema in which men are valued and recognized based on their ability to do the work of love. Lastly, I discuss Japan's sexual modernity and the increasing importance of what I term the postwar "sexual contract"—the implicit agreement between the state and its citizens that they will engage in reproductive sex—within a contemporary pronatalist regime. Challenging this contract is the rise of male virgin (dōtei) "movements" whose members and allies are questioning the importance of sexual activity (broadly defined) to both themselves and to the greater public.
Writing against claims that gender exerts less of an influence on men's life choices—a claim predicated on women's upward social mobility globally—I argue that the Japanese gender system, with its increasing demands on men, is forcing young men to renegotiate their desires and abilities. This research brings men's concerns to the forefront of current feminist and queer studies debates on institutions such as marriage and love, particularly the absence of financial concerns and the globally circulating discourses on how sex, love, and marriage are all social goods.
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Salisbury, John Hamon. "Playing with value : player engagements with videogames as a negotiation of net cultural worth." Thesis, Middlesex University, 2013. http://eprints.mdx.ac.uk/12636/.
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This thesis explains the results of a research programme which set out to empirically create a theory relating to players’ experience of videogame playing and the methodology employed in doing so. With the perspective that many empirically derived or tested contemporary theories are not sufficient for accounting for engagement in the majority of cases, a semi-inductive theory generation methodology was selected, interpreted, and employed. The theoretical concept so derived is that in order to engage with a videogame product players must find an overall sense of cultural value in the products they encounter. This sense of value corresponds to games at a feature level, the user making judgements about salient design features, and is not fixed but is constantly evaluated as the player encounters the game, from when they are selecting the concept of a game, through play, to when they are reflecting on the experience in relation to other products. The evaluation of features seems to involve the player 'identifying' with the individual design features in that there is an implicit intra personal questioning of “Am I the kind of person who would play a game with this feature?” which might be described as an expression of the user's personal culture or assumed socially relative self sense. If they feel that they are the kind of person who would play a game with that feature then this value judgement will have a positive influence on their engagement, if they are not then it will affect the user’s engagement negatively. The features so evaluated in this way can be any personally salient design feature at all, such as game mechanics, graphical representation or even packaging. These weighted judgements then act together in summation to determine the player's potential engagement. Also included is a justification for the selection, interpretation, application, and pragmatics of the Classic Grounded Theory Methodology (CGT), as employed in this programme of research. Grounded Theory (GT) was selected as it initially promised to be suitably open and exploratory, and advice relating to CGT was employed most often as it frequently provided the most reasonable set of methods for proceeding. However substantial effort was required in both understanding what the published advice on applying the methodology meant, and how it applied to the current problem. Sections are included which tell the story of the practical process of both attempting to apply the methodology, and understand the implications of that application at the same time, and an attempt is made to summarise tricky areas (potential misunderstandings and seeming myths) and explain the understanding of the methodology relative to these issues as it was was employed in this research. In conclusion the derived theory seems to demonstrate a reasonable degree of 'fit' and 'relevance'; a conclusion which is supported by a survey of academic and industry specialists. As such, the methodology employed might be said to be useful in generating novel theoretical results. Also, the theory can be expressed as a substantive instantiation of existing general theories of human cultural behaviour such as Cooley's 'Looking Glass Self' (1902). It is also felt that the theory could be readily modified to account for further insights into the domain. These conclusions suggest that the hypotheses generated are useful for investigating the domain of videogame play and engagement.
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Linnemann, Emily Caroline Louise. "The cultural value of Shakespeare in twenty-first-century publicly-funded theatre in England." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2011. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/1355/.
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This thesis argues that in the plural cultural context of the twenty-first century the value of Shakespeare resides in his identity as a free and flexible resource. This adaptable Shakespeare is valuable to theatres because they are dialectical spaces. Free-resource Shakespeare is able to contain a range of different cultural values and theatres provide a space for producers and consumers of culture to negotiate between them. It has been established that tensions of cultural value, for example innovation/tradition or commercial/non-commercial govern the production, dissemination and critique of culture. Building on this idea, this work shows that when tensions are dealt with as negotiations rather than confrontations, new cultural value is generated. It identifies Shakespeare as a site for the debate of value tensions and contends that he can be simultaneously commercial and non-commercial, traditional and innovative. Cultural value is thus created because Shakespeare is reinvigorated and redefined through a process which negotiates between tensions. In publicly-funded theatre this process manifests itself in an ambiguous relationship to the market, myriad adaptations and a move towards event-theatre. The cultural value of Shakespeare in publicly-funded theatre mirrors the continual redefinition of the Shakespearean object and, rather than being a concrete ‘thing’, is better defined as a constant process.
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Huang, Kuan-Chia, and 黃冠嘉. "Exploring Cultural Ambidexterity Value of Cultural Park." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/04704566188607788403.
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碩士亞洲大學
經營管理學系碩士班
101
While cultural park has attracted consumers to visit and receive the benefits with cultural features, the commercial activities affect the value and existence of culture. In recent years, the researches of the duel value on the conflicts between the cultural and social values, traditional and modern values, government policy and people, artistic and commercial values, and academic and commercial values have discussed more, but less explore the cultural industry of culture dual value. This research is to discuss the elements of cultural value and commercial value in cultural park, establish the dual value in cultural park, and provide the management implications of the cultural park for the operators. The definition of dual value is taking the concepts of cultural value and commercial value into account. This study is based on the qualitative research adopting a single industry case-oriented method. A total of 43 foreign and domestic cultural parks are selected as the cases. Through the secondary data collection, 1,004 cultural park value events are collected to develop the case database. Each event is used as an analysis unit. The analysis is based on semantic analysis and content analysis. This research architecture at the cultural and commercial values and analyzes the perspectives of duel value connotation. The findings of the analysis are 1. the cultural value activities is as the core in cultural park, the value of sense, aesthetic value and creative market is as the supplement; 2. the cultural value of social value is as the main development in regional and local areas, each stage in two dimensions of the values tend to decreasing; 3. even the methods of the innovation on old buildings and run by the private enterprises, the government should get innoved to make the parks more valuable; 4. Green Village in Detroit, Michigan, Zeche Zollverein, Granvile Island in Vancouver, Canada, Taichuang Cultural & Creative Industries Park, and 104 CentQuatre in Paris, France take the values of commerical and cultural seriously.
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(9713051), Donovan Colquitt. "Cultural Value in STEM + Entrepreneurship." Thesis, 2020.
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The purpose of this study was to understand how urban entrepreneurship exposure programs can enable minoritized students to leverage their cultural capital and create an environment that affirms their inherent strengths and cultural identity. More specifically, this study sought to answer the following questions: (1) how, and in what ways, do minoritized youth (ages 14-18) leverage their cultural capital in entrepreneurial experiences and (2) how, and in what ways, can entrepreneurial experiences create an environment that affirms minoritized youth’s (ages 14-18) inherent strengths and cultural identity? To answer these questions, a qualitative descriptive approach was used and the lenses of the Community Cultural Wealth Framework were leveraged to conceptualize the findings. Purposeful sampling was employed to recruit participants for this investigation. Observations of the program implementation and in-depth semi-structured interviews with two high school-aged minoritized students and one program administrator at an urban entrepreneurship exposure program in a large Midwestern city were conducted. The findings from this study suggest that cultural capital is worthy of considerable attention as it is leveraged by minoritized youth and may contribute to affirming their cultural identity and inherent strengths. Therefore, the results obtained from this study can assist entrepreneurship exposure programs in the development and enhancement of programs specifically geared toward addressing the needs of this minoritized population segment. For example, recommendations include employing Critical Race Theory in research studies, utilizing counter-storytelling for the experiences of minoritized youth, and investigating culturally sustaining innovations created by minoritized youth. The results of this study, are important as it has significant implications for developing better methods to train and nurture talents of youth in becoming confident in their cultural identities and necessitating success in becoming entrepreneurially-minded which in turn may help to further diversify, fortify the STEM workforce, and break systemic barriers. As such, this study can contribute and supplement existing literature on minoritized youth in STEM educational contexts, specifically in entrepreneurship focused STEM learning environments.
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Chia-Ling, Hsiao, and 蕭嘉鈴. "Value Creation Strategies of A Cultural Creative Company：The Value House Perspective." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/40244156920037408458.
Full textAbstract:
碩士實踐大學
企業創新與創業管理研究所
97
Recently with knowledge-based economy grows, "aesthetic" develops as main trend in the market. Our government sets the development plan for the Cultural Creative industry with design industrial chain of the concept. The issue of “How to make the entire cultural creative industries becomes a profitable business model” would be the key point of the creative industry. This study focus on the combination of “creative” and “design” , which creates the Taiwan’s souvenir to bring new idea of promoting Taiwan. This research hopes to refer the Value House Strategy, touching services theoretic framework, internet marketing theories to define the case company position for virtual internet world, and figure out the innovative strategies to reach niche market and find the business model to generate greater revenue and profit, which finds the balance point to connect the creation and reality between virtual and physical world. This study discusses the case company business model in virtual world. The case company launches a website names “memorize your life by postcards” to extend customers’ traveling experience via iPhone virtual platform-App Store. Combined with static and dynamic interaction, the simple souvenirs make tourists get into the deep touching as if the real traveling experience comes again and stay.
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Tan, Yon-Tat James, and 陳榮達. "A Study on Cultural Value and CSP." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/4bqc35.
Full textAbstract:
碩士義守大學
企業管理學系
106
This research aims to explore the relationship between cultural values and corporate social performance (CSP). The study collected data from firms in Taiwan, Singapore and Malaysia. All together 150 firms took part in this study. Two sets of cultural values data were used for analysis. The first set of data is collected by questionnaire. The second set of data was collected from the database of Hofstede’s Value Survey Module (VSM). The data was then analyzed by with SPSS software. The results show that there is a correlation between cultural values and CSP. There is also a correlation between organizaitonal characteristics and CSP. For firms entering different countries, there is a need to consider local cultural value in setting their CSR strategy.
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Chan, Hui-Ting, and 詹惠婷. "The Influence of Experiential Marketing on Culture Value in Hakka Cultural Park." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/03264981928367299468.
Full textAbstract:
碩士淡江大學
企業管理學系碩士班
102
In the following background of ethnic consciousness, the promotion of cultural tourism industry, and experiential travel. The development of cultural industries is becoming more prosperous. Hakka is one of Taiwan''s population. Many related organizations along with trends in the tourism industry, combining with experiential equipments to introduce the Hakka culture. In addition to pursuing the target of economic output, also hopes to deepen the value of public recognition in its culture. Therefore, this study explored through experiential marketing on Hakka Cultural Park which influences on identification of the cultural value or not, and the effect of cultural output value. In order to establish Hakka is an indispensable population in Taiwan. This study started from the experience, such as the experiential marketing is divided into sense, think, act, related experience, and use in Hakka cultural tourism industry. Also the cultural value is including aesthetic, spiritual, social, historical, symbolic, and original. Using the revisit intension, word-of-mouth influence, and the purchase of typical goods as to measure the cultural value. In this study, following the quantitative method as to develop a questionnaire, and survey the visitors between those who have gone to Hakka cultural park or those who have not. Finally, samples and SEM are applied analysis with SPSS and AMOS. Hypothesis is tested with path analysis and critical ratios for differences in the parameters. Result findings are as following: 1.Hakka Cultural Park offers an experience for visitors, as to help to improve the sense, related experience and enhance the identification of culture values. 2.The establishment of the identification in cultural value which enhances the value of Hakka culture. 3.The source for people to know the Hakka Cultural Park are mostly through friends and relatives, and popular media. This study suggests that the Hakka culture-related industries can use the mass media, word-of-mouth as to advertise the Hakka related activities. By stimulation in the sense and relate experience of visitors, enhancement of identification in cultural value, and strengthening the growth of cultural output.
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Guo, TIEYUAN. "Values of the past and the future: cultural differences in temporal value asymmetry." Thesis, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1974/1493.
Full textAbstract:
Past research has indicated that Chinese culture is more past oriented; whereas North American culture is more future oriented. Such cultural differences in temporal orientation may affect how people value future and past events. I predicted that the typical temporal asymmetry effect among European North Americans - placing more value on future events than on past ones - would be reversed among Chinese due to the cultural differences in temporal orientation.
I conducted four studies to examine how culture affects the values people attached to past and future events. Overall, the results supported my predictions. Across all four studies, I found that European Canadians attached more monetary value to an event in the future than to an identical event in the past with similar temporal distance; whereas Chinese people placed more monetary value on a past event than on an identical future event. In Study 3, I also investigated the underlying mechanisms that would account for such cultural differences. Among the three mediators believed to be affected by the past and future orientations, I found two that mediated the cultural influences on the temporal value asymmetry effect: (1) emotions associated with future and past events, and (2) mental simulations of future and past events. Specifically, European Canadians predicted stronger emotions for future events than what they recalled for past events, whereas Chinese showed an opposite trend. Emotions associated with future or past events, in turn, predicted the monetary values attached to the events. In addition, relative to Chinese Canadians, who showed clearer mental simulations for past than for future events, European Canadians had clearer mental simulations for future than for past events. Mental simulations, in turn, showed a positive association with the monetary value assigned to the events.Thesis (Ph.D, Psychology) -- Queen's University, 2008-09-26 16:18:09.371
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Chi, Chu Chia, and 朱嘉琪. "On the Industrial Value of Cultural Creativity Embodied." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/31794089294534968104.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺灣藝術大學
戲劇與劇場應用學系碩士班
99
The indigenous peoples of Taiwan possess their own languages, customs, and tribal structures; nevertheless, they are also faced with the problems of rapid modernization, namely, the loss of their own unique tradition. Due to the changes of the environment, indigenous people intend to alter their aboriginal way of life and gain their economic development by means of imitating the Han people. While the indigenous peoples are eager to seek equality with the Han people, a serious issue remains and requires our insightful discussion, namely, how to preserve the traditional values and meanwhile pursue the current social trends. The Discovery of Wu-Lai, which preserves much traditional values of the Atayal Tribe, was written by the author of this MA thesis in August, 2005. In terms of the original creation, the author incorporates the oral history told by the tribal elders, myths and legends beliefs, rituals, traditional culture and customs, and above all, tourism industry and the arts of Atayal. All the aforementioned elements are presented in the form of dance drama. The tourism in Wulai depends heavily on the singing and dancing culture of Atayal. The song and dance training courses of the “Ukraine” during the Japanese Occupation Era, were intended for Wulai aboriginal children, regardless of gender. The “mountain singing and dancing” of the indigenous people plays an important role in Wulai tourism. The indigenous song and dance performances are so important that they have constituted an essential part of the history of Wulai. Consequently, the creation of The Discovery of Wu-Lai has taken the responsibility of passing on and more importantly, glorifying the Atayal tradition.
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Manoka, Billy. "Existence value: A reappraisal and cross -cultural comparison." 2000. https://scholarworks.umass.edu/dissertations/AAI9960768.
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This dissertation compared existence values held by Portland, Maine (United States) and Port Moresby (Papua New Guinea) residents for the preservation of ten percent of the worlds tropical rain forests and identified economic and noneconomic components of existence value and use values. Existence value was narrowly defined as cognitive in nature; it is the value placed on simply knowing tropical rain forests exists independent of current and future use values. Between November 1998 and February 1999, a 16 page mail-back questionnaire was sent to a random sample of residents in Portland and Port Moresby. A total of 330 and 461 questionnaires were returned from Portland, and Port Moresby, respectively for an overall response rate of 41 and 49 percent, respectively. The results indicated that noneconomic components of mean willingness to pay (WTP) accounted for at least 50 percent of the total value for both Portland and Port Moresby residents. Noneconomic components of existence value (intrinsic value, good cause, moral duty etc) and use value (nonpaternalistic altruism) were excluded to avoid presenting overestimated benefits. Portland and Port Moresby WTP estimates were found to be statistically different from each other. This finding invalidated the assumption that benefits could be directly transferable between countries, especially between developed and developing countries. This result was also supported by evidence of statistical differences in motives and socioeconomic variables between Portland and Port Moresby respondents. Portland residents generally had a higher value for existence (as a proportion of total mean WTP) than Port Moresby residents. Both the Portland and Port Moresby WTP estimates were lower than Kramer and Mercers' (1997) US estimates. Results from the attitudinal models showed that Port Moresby respondents were more environment oriented than Portland respondents. The latter were more development oriented. Port Moresby respondents expressed the sentiment that the rich nations of the world (including the US) should bear the responsibility of preserving tropical rain forests.
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Chen, Hung-Wuan, and 陳鴻源. "Using Cultural Value to Rejuvenate Local Traditional Businesses." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/22753997178163148365.
Full textAbstract:
碩士醒吾科技大學
行銷與流通管理系所
101
From my personal work experiences and the acknowledgements from my studies in the graduate school, the fact that the culture factors could affect the innovation of industries and the feelings to the products will be differentiated just because the cultural nuances between different nations and different regions rouse my interest. One product could be treated differently under different cultural interpretation. This remind us that we should have a specific target before the innovation of products: who will be the consumers? What did the consumers need? How we can give them the resolutions of their problems? In brief, the thought of a leader of the industry should focus on the “cultural value”, factor beyond competition, rather than the competition toward profits. All these inspire me to dedicate into this research. We try to make this research through culture and enterprise management approach, by way of “ Pao Xiang Bak Kut The” in Malaysia, “ Tu Hsiao Yueh noodles restaurant” in Taiwan and “ Kinmen Kaoliang Liquor” three cases studies, not only in the way they fuse culture into their products, but also the development of strategyies and the marketing. We intend to fine a creative way for the enterprise. Our hypothesis is: for identifying themself from the others to consumers, the enterprises of restaurant and food industry try to add cultural factors into their products by way of marketing. They make the consumers pre-figure a consumption image and then satisfy this image latter. The satisfaction of consumption means both in the cultural part and the material part. After the research, we process three conclusions: 1. The combination of cultural factors and material products could be realized par some specific arrangements. But which means we create a new product with a new form and content. Only with this point of view, the entrepreneurs and consumers will accept it as a whole new thing, and then the “creative” really works. 2.The quality of material products is key of success. Three cases all have the products of good quality at first place, this permit them to conduct the cultural creativity to make their new products and identify their products from others, offer their customer a whole new merchandise and consumption experience. 3. After the gain of uniqueness and identity for the new products, we should reconsider the marketing, and the product feature and the target customers should be the new focuses.