Dissertations / Theses: 'Culture 2'

1

Balie, Isaac Henry Theodore 1948. "Die 2 1/2 eeu van Genadendal : 'n kultuurhistoriese ondersoek." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/65102.

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2

Perenich, Nick. "Political culture and ethnic identification." Honors in the Major Thesis, University of Central Florida, 1991. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETH/id/2.

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This item is only available in print in the UCF Libraries. If this is your Honors Thesis, you can help us make it available online for use by researchers around the world by following the instructions on the distribution consent form at http://library.ucf.edu/Systems/DigitalInitiatives/DigitalCollections/InternetDistributionConsentAgreementForm.pdf You may also contact the project coordinator, Kerri Bottorff, at kerri.bottorff@ucf.edu for more information. Bachelors Arts and Sciences Political Science

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3

Rowe, Duncan Christopher David. "The stability of 2#mu# plasmids in yeast continuous culture." Thesis, University of Hertfordshire, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.358396.

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4

Gulcu, Meric. "The Place Of The Native Culture In The English Language Classroom: A Case Study Of Eng 101 Classrooms At Metu." Master's thesis, METU, 2010. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/2/12611968/index.pdf.

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The aim of this study is to investigate the place of the students&amp #8223 native culture in the English language classrooms in the context of the English 101 course at Middle East Technical University. In accordance with this aim, the study is concerned with revealing the opinions and beliefs of language teachers regarding the importance of integrating the students&amp #8223 native cultures into their classes and their attitudes about practicing culturally responsive teaching in multi-cultural classrooms. During the process of data collection, various methods were utilized: Five teachers working in the Department of Modern Languages were interviewed to learn their ideas about the topic from different aspects of language instruction, and two teachers were observed while teaching to better understand the classroom application of their ideas and the principles of culturally responsive teaching. Further post-observation interviews and stimulated recalls were also carried out to make an in-depth analysis. The results of the study show that although the teachers believe in the importance of making use of the students&amp #8223 native cultures in their classrooms through different means, they usually neglect to do so. The study also shows that what the teachers associate with the term &ldquo culture&rdquo in the context of language teaching is the target culture rather than the native cultures. It is also found that while the individual cultures of the foreign students are made use of to a greater degree (but still in a very limited fashion), the native cultures of the Turkish students are ignored during the instruction.

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5

Oliveira, Danilo Júnior de. "Direitos culturais e políticas públicas: os marcos normativos do Sistema Nacional da Cultura." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/2/2140/tde-26042015-114711/.

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A pesquisa tem como objetivo compreender a relação entre cultura e direitos humanos estabelecida na produção normativa relativa ao Sistema Nacional de Cultura (SNC), de modo específico entre as 52ª e 54ª legislaturas do Congresso Nacional, bem como entender os impactos dessa produção na concretização dos direitos culturais por meio das políticas públicas de cultura. Desse modo, foi realizado um levantamento das propostas legislativas aprovadas ou ainda em tramitação que tratam da institucionalização e regulamentação do Sistema Nacional de Cultura e de seus componentes principais. A análise desses marcos legais é guiada pela concepção de cultura adotada nos mesmos e pelo tratamento que dão aos direitos culturais, em especial à promoção da diversidade cultural. O sentido abrangente de cultura adotado na legislação do Sistema Nacional de Cultura é analisado de maneira relacional ao conceito proposto por Raymond Williams no âmbito dos Estudos Culturais. Com efeito, as duas perspectivas buscam construir uma ampliação democrática no conceito de cultura para reconhecê-la como direito de todos. A ampliação do conceito de cultura operada pela legislação do Sistema Nacional de Cultura potencialmente oferece mais condições para a promoção da diversidade cultural e dos direitos cultuais como um todo. This research aims at comprehending the relation between culture and human rights established by the regulatory production of the National Culture System (CNS), specifically between the 52rd and 54rh legislatures in the Brazilian National Congress, as well as understanding the impacts of this production in the achievement of cultural rights through public cultural policies. Thus, we conducted a gathering of legislative proposals which have been approved or are still in progress referring to the institutionalization and regulation of the National Culture System and its main components. The analysis of these legal frameworks was guided by the concept of culture adopted in the System and the treatment of cultural rights, particularly for promotion of cultural diversity. The comprehensive sense of culture adopted in the National Culture System legislation is analyzed by establishing relations with the concept proposed by Raymond Williams in Cultural Studies. Both perspectives aim at democratically expanding the concept of culture in order to recognize it as a right for all. The expansion of the concept of culture operated by the National Culture System legislation adds more potential to the promotion of cultural diversity and cultural rights as a whole.

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6

Miller, Victoria Lynn. "An Examination of Contemporary Marketing Practices Used by Organization with Different Culture Types: A Test of the Convergence Theory in the US and Cote d'Ivoire." Digital Archive @ GSU, 2005. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/marketing_diss/2.

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A framework for a strategy fit with national and organizational culture holds several implications for multinational business managers. First, culture is a critical variable in the strategy process and it should be explicitly examined as a part of the process. Second, culture might encourage and support organizationally a particular business level strategy and may affect marketing practices. This approach views transactional and relational practices as part of a continuum. This study has examined over 250 firms in the United States and the Cote d’Ivoire on the dimensions of their organizational culture, national culture and contemporary marketing practices. In essence, this is a test of the convergence theory versus cultural specificity debate. The study first establishes a model in the US of the relationship between organizational culture and contemporary marketing practices and then tests it in Cote d’Ivoire. Lisrel is used to examine the goodness of the fit of the model. Results indicate that differences in national cultures call for differences in marketing practices since the US model does not fit in Cote d’Ivoire. The differences between the two models and implications for a new Ivorian model are discussed.

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7

Drizou, Fryni. "Elucidating the interaction between Brassica napus and Rhizoctonia solani AG 2-1." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2018. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/49317/.

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Brassica napus, oilseed rape (OSR), is a worldwide cultivated crop belonging to the family Brassicaceae, broadly used in crop rotations with cereals. Production is focused on oil for human consumption, biodiesel and feedstock. OSR has undergone intensive breeding for optimization of oil content, disease resistance and augmentation of yields, and today is considered one of the most profitable crops. Nonetheless, oilseed rape is the primary host for the necrotrophic soil-borne pathogen Rhizoctonia solani anastomosis group (AG) 2-1. Infection of seedlings causes damping off disease and decreases crop establishment and yields. AG 2-1 is the most prevalent AG of R. solani in wheat fields in the UK. Currently there is no OSR germplasm resistant to R. solani AG 2-1. Available control methods include cultural practices and chemical seed treatments, which aim to postpone the infection and hence improve crop establishment. Changes in agronomic practices and crop management, including choice of cultivars, tillage, application of fertilisers and pesticides, mean that there is a danger of future outbreaks of diseases that in the past were not considered as major problem. This includes R. solani AG 2-1 which can infect other rotational crops as well and due to its saprophytic nature remains in the fields for years. The aim of the PhD was to elucidate interactions between R. solani AG 2-1 and B. napus, by identifying potential resistant traits and understanding how the pathogen counteracts OSR plant defences. The first objective was to develop and compare different high-throughput screening methods that could be used for the phenotyping of OSR germplasm interactions with R. solani AG 2-1. Four methods were developed and compared: (1) nutrient media plates, (2) compost trays, (3) light expanded clay aggregate (LECA) trays and (4) a hydroponic pouch and wick system. Inoculation of LECA was the most suitable method for screening disease caused by AG 2-1 to OSR germplasm, because it allowed the detection of differences in disease severity between the tested OSR genotypes 5 days post infection (dpi) and also to conduct measurements in whole plants. The second objective was to identify any sources of disease resistance by screening a diversity of OSR germplasm. To start the screening, I selected randomly germplasm from commercial cultivars and parental lines of mapping populations that was available in our seed bank. Overall, the germplasm tested consisted of commercial cultivars, genotypes from diversity sets and a mapping population. All genotypes tested appeared to be susceptible to AG 2-1 infection as shown by high disease levels, reduced emergence and survival. Additionally, I tested if any induced defence responses from exposure to disease could be inherited in the next generation through an epigenetic stress response. However, all progeny plants were also highly susceptible indicating that there was no evidence for transgenerational induction of resistance in this system. The third objective was to gain insight into OSR plant defences when exposed to a combination of attacking organisms, as this often occurs in real field situations. I investigated the role of M. persicae infestation on OSR susceptibility to R. solani AG 2-1. There was no effect of AG 2-1 infection on aphid performance. However, M. persicae infestation resulted in significantly more disease symptoms in B. napus cv. ‘Canard’ plants although there were no significant differences in the amount of fungal DNA. Marker genes LOX3 and MYC2 had an augmented expression under AG 2-1 treatment but were downregulated in plants exposed to both aphids and pathogen. Hence, it appears that aphid infestation induced changes in the jasmonic acid (JA) signalling pathway, which resulted in the increased susceptibility to AG 2-1. In conclusion, the present work provided a new high-throughput screening method suitable to phenotype disease by AG 2-1 in the early seedling stage within a short time period. Unfortunately, the current results confirm previous studies indicating that AG 2-1 is an extremely aggressive isolate to OSR germplasm that lacks genetic resistance. Nonetheless, the observed differences between the germplasm tested in the present work suggest that there are potential tolerant traits. For the first time, the current work provided evidence that M. persicae infestation can negatively affect plant defences against R. solani AG 2-1, through suppression of genes involved in JA signalling. Additionally, it was demonstrated that R. solani AG 2-1 induces the activation of defence mechanism related to both JA and salicylic acid (SA) pathways. Future studies aiming to identify resistant/tolerant traits should screen wider Brassica germplasm, including wild species. Additionally, it will be particularly interesting to explore how R. solani overcomes OSR defences by examining the expression of a broader array of genes involved in plant defence mechanisms.

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8

Wernersson, Karin. "Perfusion culture of human lymphocytes in the WAVE BioreactorTM 2/10 system." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för biologisk grundutbildning, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-151429.

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9

Griffith, Megan. "Naughty in the Aughties, 21st Century British Adolescent Culture and Alienation in Skins Seasons 1-2." ScholarWorks @ UVM, 2013. http://scholarworks.uvm.edu/graddis/95.

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This thesis explores representations of British youth culture and adolescent identity formation in the ‘first generation’ (seasons 1-2) of the British television teen drama Skins (2007-8). Like its peers in the Teen TV genre, Skins focuses on normative teenage angst and rebellion that results in ‘naughty behavior’: sex, drug and alcohol use, and conflict with and alienation from parents. Skins sets itself apart from genre standards by heightening and glamorizing the way these behaviors are visually depicted. Furthermore, the characters experience very few substantial consequences or repercussions from parents or other authority figures, but rather repercussions come from within their own close-knit group. The primary source of tension in the series occurs during the moments when the group of friends challenge the cultural, biological and ideological constraints under which they find themselves when their preoccupied, self-involved, neglectful, and otherwise overbearing parents directly contribute to the conditions that fuel their excessive ‘naughtiness.’ The series creators, writers, producers and actors promote Skins as an authentic representation of teenage experience and this thesis ultimately seeks to explore the implications of this representation in order to gain a better understanding of British youth culture in the new millennium.

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10

Pereira, Júlio César. "Incentivo fiscal à cultura: do do-in antropológico à iconoclastia." Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/2/2133/tde-17112011-134109/.

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A partir de pontos específicos da teoria bakhtiniana e de elementos da semiótica da cultura traçados pela Escola de Tártu-Moscou, o presente trabalho reúne fundamentos para desenvolver uma concepção de cultura em consonância com o preconizado pela Constituição Federal. A construção da noção de cultura estimulável, pela precípua análise dos enunciados constitucionais, objetiva à superação de uma concepção antropológica de cultura, passadista e incompatível com os postulados da igualdade e da liberdade. Neste intento, ingressa-se no estudo dos modos de intervenção estatal na sociedade e, mais especificamente, das normas atinentes ao estímulo fiscal à cultura objeto imediato do presente trabalho. A classificação dos incentivos fiscais, bem como o escrutínio da legislação ordinária revelam o viés analítico do tratamento dispensado ao tema. Por sua vez, a investigação semântica de expressões como incentivo fiscal, cultura nacional, cultura popular, todas encontradas em dispositivos constitucionais, assoalha a preocupação hermenêutica e possibilita que se faça a devida crítica da doutrina especializada. Concluir-se-á que o conceito de cultura supera o dado, a memória. A cultura será tomada em seu sentido praticamente avesso às noções correntes de herança e tradição. Para fazer jus ao incentivo fiscal, a cultura deverá carnavalizar a ordem será a vez do rompimento icástico. From particular points in Bakhtinian theory and elements of semiotics of culture outlined by the School of Tartu-Moscow, this paper presents the basis for the development of a culture conception in agreement with the provisions of the Federal Constitution. The construction of the concept of inducible culture by means of the essential analysis of constitutional propositions aims to overcome an anthropological conception of culture, outdated and incompatible with the postulates of equality and freedom. In this regard, this study advances into the forms of state intervention in society and, more specifically, into the rules relating to the fiscal incentives to culture, which is the immediate object of this study. The tax incentives classificationl, as well as the scrutiny of ordinary legislation, reveal the bias of the analytical treatment of the subject. On its turn, the semantical research of terms such as \"tax incentives\", \"national culture\", \"popular culture\", all found in constitutional provisions, are the basis of hermeneutic concerns and allows that the appropriate criticism to specialized doctrine is effected. It will be concluded that the concept of culture exceeds the data, the memory. Culture will be considered under concepts opposite to the current notions of \"heritage\" and \"tradition\". To be eligible to fiscal incentives, culture shall carnivalize order it will be the turn of the iconic break.

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11

Pireva, Amir. "En kritisk diskursanalys av Språkporten 1 2 3 och Kontext 1 2 3." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för språkstudier, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-178881.

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The purpose of this study was to investigate the presence of female and male authors from a genderperspective and how different cultures and ethnicities were represented in three textbooks: SpråkportenSvenska som andraspråk 1 2 3, Kontext Svenska som andraspråk 1 and Kontext Svenska som andraspråk2-3. I have chosen to use a critical discourse analysis to answer my questions. The method is based onNorman Fairclough`s model, which consists of three dimensions: text, discursive practice and socialpractice. The results showed an uneven distribution among female and male authors in all three textbooksmentioned above. Cultures and ethnicities other than Swedish were mentioned to a limited extent. Thecontent of the textbooks was often about differences between groups, while similarities between groupswere given a limited space. Descriptions of other cultures and ethnicities were in some cases one-sided andstereotyped. There were also tendencies towards a we and them discourse where the Swedish we was setagainst the non-Swedish them.

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12

Vilches, Freddy. "Poesía, canción y cultura popular en Latinoamérica : la nueva canción chilena /." view abstract or download file of text, 2006. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1192180731&sid=2&Fmt=2&clientId=11238&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Oregon, 2006. Typescript. Includes vita and abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 344-363). Also available for download via the World Wide Web; free to University of Oregon users.

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13

Niyazoglu, Abdullah Beyazit. "The Impacts Of European Union On Turkish Organizational Culture:a Comparative Study Between Turkish National Agency And State Planning Organization." Master's thesis, METU, 2007. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/2/12608023/index.pdf.

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The rapid developments occurred in the process of Turkey&rsquo s participation movements into European Union brought also with themselves the first signs of the potential impacts which the European Union will cause to come into existence on the Turkish bureaucracy. The purpose of this study is to ascertain the role the European Union plays as an environmental factor in the formation of organizational culture. In order to realize the purpose of this thesis, a comparative survey was administered between the State Planning Organization (SPO) and the Turkish National Agency which was established as a department in SPO in 2002 and attained its autonomous body within the framework of legal arrangements and which is in a direct interaction with the European Commission in respect of working environment. The study has reached the conclusion that the Turkish National Agency has higher level of cultural characteristics than SPO in the framework of organizational culture. The reached findings support that the Turkish National Agency, although a state/public institution, is under the impact of EU which bring in differentiation. In addition, questionnaire results were compared with Turkish cultural characteristics in Hofstede&rsquo s national cultural analysis and it was seen that some aspects of Turkish National Agency were also reflected those characteristics. As a result, the Turkish National Agency developed a &rdquo hybrid&rdquo structure under the impact of EU and Turkish bureaucracy, and this structure, which is the first sample of its own kind, will be a significant example for similar institutions which will possibly come into being in future.

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14

Leonard, Charles C. "Paul Renner and Futura: The Effects of Culture, Technology, and Social Continuity on the Design of Type for Printing." Digital Archive @ GSU, 2006. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/art_design_theses/2.

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This thesis reviews the circumstances that led to what Paul Renner called “the inflation of historicism,” places his response to that problem in the context of the Weimar Republic, details how the German attributes with which he began the project were displaced from the typeface that emerged in 1927, demonstrates that Futura belongs to a new category of serif-less roman fonts rooted in Arts and Crafts lettering, and considers why the specifically German aspects of the project have gone unrecognized for over seventy years. Renner’s writing is compared to ideas prevalent in early twentieth-century German cultural discourse, and Futura’s design process is placed in the context of Renner’s personal experience of Weimar’s social and economic crises. Objective measurements are employed to establish the relationship between drawings attributed to Renner and are used to compare features of Futura with other fonts of the period.

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15

Johnson, Debra Elaine. "Glory B 2 God." Digital Archive @ GSU, 2008. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/art_design_theses/28.

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The purpose of this thesis paper is to investigate womanist theology and method, along with restoration practices involving spirituality and healing within the context of the visual arts. The thesis exhibition will attempt to create new visual possibilities that inform womanist theological scholarship in terms of promoting contemporary female religious imagery within a metaphorical language. While womanist theology is steeped in interdisciplinary practices, it has yet to consider seriously the studio arts as a means to explore and develop the womanist language. This study will investigate how essential and natural the visual arts assist our understanding of spirituality, especially through a womanist context.

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16

March, John Clifton. "Metabolic engineering of eukaryotic signal transduction in Drosophila Schneider 2 (S2) cell culture." College Park, Md. : University of Maryland, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1903/2450.

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Thesis (Ph. D.) -- University of Maryland, College Park, 2005. Thesis research directed by: Chemical Engineering. Title from t.p. of PDF. Includes bibliographical references. Published by UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, Mich. Also available in paper.

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17

Breuer, Judith. "Sequence analysis of the Env genes of ten HIV-2 tissue culture isolates." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.309315.

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18

Zanatta, Aline Stelling. "Obtenção de anticorpo monoclonal anti-dengue tipo 2 em diferentes meios e sistemas de cultivo." Instituto de Tecnologia em Imunobiológicos, 2009. https://www.arca.fiocruz.br/handle/icict/5824.

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Submitted by Priscila Nascimento (pnascimento@icict.fiocruz.br) on 2012-11-19T11:45:26Z No. of bitstreams: 1 aline-stelling-zanatta.pdf: 2385669 bytes, checksum: 6f759289878ca2d698465044b392ae3f (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2012-11-19T11:45:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 aline-stelling-zanatta.pdf: 2385669 bytes, checksum: 6f759289878ca2d698465044b392ae3f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009 Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto de Tecnologia em Imunobiológicos. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil / Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil. Desde o trabalho de Köhler e Milstein (1975), hibridomas tem sido cultivados para obtenção de anticorpos monoclonais com finalidade de uso em pesquisa, diagnóstico e terapia. O método tradicional de obtenção de anticorpos monoclonais em altas concentrações é através de indução de ascite em camundongos. Estatécnica vem sendo substituída por cultivos de hibridomas em altas concentrações celulares. Neste trabalho, foram cultivados hibridomas secretores de anticorpos monoclonais anti-dengue tipo 2 em frascos T, garrafas rotatórias (roller) e frascos do tipo spinner, utilizando-se o meio DMEM, suplementado com soro fetal bovino a 10%, e o meio comercial livre de soro animal Ex-Cell® TiterHigh TM (Sigma). Ao longo dos diferentes cultivos, foram avaliadas a concentração celular, viabilidade celular e as concentrações de nutrientes (glicose eglutamina), metabólitos (lactato e amônio) e produto (IgG). A partir dos resultados obtidos, foram calculadas as grandezas representativas do metabolismo celular: concentração máxima de células (X máx), taxa específica de crescimento celular (µexp), tempo de duplicação (td) e coeficientes de rendimento de glicose em células (YX/glc), glutamina em células (Y X/gln), células em produto (YP/X), glutamina em amônio (YNH4/gln), glicose em lactato (Ylac/glc), glicose em produto (YP/glc) e glutamina em produto (YP/gln). O meio livre de soro mostrou ser capaz de fornecer melhores condições para o crescimento celular (alcançando 4 x 106 céls/mL), mantendo a viabilidade por um período maior de tempo, nos três sistemas decultivo testados. Quanto à formação de produto, no meio livre de soro, os hibridomas também secretaram altas concentrações de IgG, alcançando níveis de 3 µg/mL. Os melhores resultados de crescimento e viabilidade celular foram observados em garrafas rollera 40 rpm (após adaptação a rotações inferiores) e a produção de IgG foi maior em garrafas rollera 16 rpm (também após adaptação a rotações inferiores) e em frascos do tipo spinner a 50 rpm (após adaptação a rotações inferiores em garrafas rolleraté 40 rpm). Quando foram comparadas as concentrações de IgG entre os sobrenadantes de cultivo e três amostras de fluido ascítico do mesmo hibridoma, foi observado que o fluido ascítico continha concentrações 10 a 20 vezes maiores que as obtidas nos sobrenadantes de cultivo. Entretanto, como os volumes de sobrenadantes de cultivo são significativamente maiores do que os de fluido ascítico de camundongos, infere-se que é viável a substituição da produção in vivopela obtenção do anticorpo monoclonal estudado neste trabalho em sistemas agitados, utilizando-se meio livre de soro animal. Contudo, sugere-se a condução de experimentos adicionais para confirmação da total viabilidade da obtenção de anticorpos monoclonais anti-dengue tipo2 in vitroutilizando o processo proposto no presente trabalho. Since Köhler and Milstein’s work (1975), hybridoma cells have been cultured to obtain monoclonal antibodies for research, diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. The traditional method to obtain high concentrations (5 to 10 mg/mL) of the monoclonal antibodies is the induction of ascite in mice. This technique is being replaced by high cell density cultivations. In this work, hybridoma secreting anti-dengue type 2 monoclonal antibodies were cultivated in T flasks, roller bottles and spinner flasks, using DMEM medium supplemented with fetal bovine serum at 10%, and the commercial serum-free medium Ex-Cell® TiterHigh TM (Sigma). Cell concentration, cell viability, as well as concentration of nutrients (glucose and glutamine), metabolites (lactate and amonium) and product (IgG) were evaluated along culture time in the different media and culture systems. Based on these data, variables that reflect the cell metabolism were calculated: maximum cell concentration (Xmáx), specific cell growth rate (µexp), duplication time (td), as well as the yield coefficients of glucose to cells (YX/glc), glutamine to cells (YX/gln), cells to product (YP/X), glutamine to ammonium (Y NH4/gln), glucose to lactate (Ylac/glc), glucose to product (YP/glc) and glutamine to product (YP/gln). Among the culture media, the serum-free medium showed to provide better conditions for cell growth (reaching 4 x 106 cells/mL), keeping high cell viabilities for a longer period, in all three tested culture systems. Concerning product formation, hybridoma also released high IgG concentrations (3 µg/mL) in the serum-free medium. Among the culture systems, the best results for cell growth and viability were found inroller bottles at 40 rpm (after adaptation under lower rotation rates) and IgG production was higher in roller bottles at 16 rpm (after adaptation under lower rotation rates) and in spinner flasks at 50 rpm (after adaptation under lower rotation rates in roller bottles, up to 40 rpm). The IgG concentrations ascitic fluid presented concentrations 10 to 20 times higher thanthose obtained in culture supernatants. However, since the volumes of culture supernatant obtained in relatively simple, small-scale culture systems are significantly higher than thoseof mice ascitic fluids, the replacement of in vivoproduction for in vitroIgG production in stirred systems, using serum-free media, seems to be feasible. Nevertheless, additional experiments should be carried out to confirm the feasibility of switching the production of anti-dengue type 2 monoclonal antibodies for in vitrosystems, using the process proposed in this work.

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19

Bescond, Anne. "Hyperhomocystéinémie et élastolyse dans la paroi artérielle : modulation de la métalloprotéinase matricielle (MMP-2) par l'homocystéine." Aix-Marseille 2, 1999. http://theses.univ-amu.fr.lama.univ-amu.fr/PHA_1999_1523.pdf.

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20

Negoescu, Adrien Nicolas. "Apoptose et évolution phénotypique des cellules corticosurrénaliennes en culture primaire." Grenoble 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995GRE10010.

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Le cortex surrenal est une glande divisee en zones distinctes du point de vue morphologique et fonctionnel. Il est etabli que les divisions cellulaires des adrenocytes se produisent dans la couche superficielle (zones glomerulee et transitionnelle) et que ces cellules peripheriques migrent de maniere centripete. Chemin faisant, elles acquierent un phenotype different, propre aux zones fasciculee et reticulee. Enfin, l'elimination cellulaire, fortement amplifiee chez l'animal deprive en acth, se fait par apoptose dans la reticulee profonde. Le but de notre etude a ete de suivre l'evolution phenotypique adrenocytaire in vitro sur le plan de l'appartenance aux phenotypes fasciculo-reticule, glomerule et indifferencie et sur celui des syntheses proteiques. Pour les syntheses non steroidogenes, le choix s'est porte sur l'2 macroglobuline (2m), principale production proteique de ces cultures. Nous avons developpe des cultures primaires de cellules corticosurrenaliennes bovines (bac). Les cellules bac etaient d'origine fasciculo-reticulee puisque 90% des cellules nouvellement mises en culture etaient immunoreactives pour le cytochrome p450#1#7# (steroide-17-hydroxylase) et portaient des cretes mitochondriales vesiculaires. Nos resultats demontrent que la privation d'acth dirige une partie des cellules bac vers l'apoptose. L'analyse des milieux conditionnes des cellules bac cultivees en absence d'acth a revele la presence de corps apoptotiques. L'adn total des corps apoptotiques recoltes pendant les premieres 48 h de culture represente approximativement 15% de l'adn total de la couche cellulaire au debut de l'experience. Cette valeur tombe a 5% dans les cultures effectuees en presence d'acth. La majorite des corps apototiques contient le p450#1#7#. Parallelement, les cellules contenant cette enzyme disparaissent de la couche cellulaire. Pendant ce temps, les cellules bac en proliferation (pcna granulaire-positives) sont negatives pour le p-450#1#7#. Ce phenomene de remplacement semble contribuer a l'evolution in vitro des adrenocytes d'origine fasciculo-reticulee vers un phenotype indifferencie. Les cellules bac lors de leur mise en culture, comme in vivo, ne contiennent pas d'2m, dont la synthese de novo s'etablit in vitro. L'acth et l'2m exogene inhibent in vitro la synthese d'2m par les cellules bac. Ces informations nous ont portes a formuler l'hypothese d'une implication de l'2m dans le processus apoptotique

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21

Kunnari, A. (Anne). "Genetic, epidemiological and cell culture studies on human resistin." Doctoral thesis, University of Oulu, 2008. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789514289477.

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Abstract Resistin was discovered in the year 2000. In the mouse, it was reported to be produced by adipocytes and to be linked with insulin resistance and obesity. Human resistin has been shown to be produced by leucocytes but the literature contains contradictory results on its association with obesity and type 2 diabetes. Aim of this study was to clarify the role of resistin in the human context especially in type 2 diabetes and atherosclerosis. The first study examined the possible association of human resistin gene variants with type 2 diabetes. The studied three variants were not associated with type 2 diabetes though they were demonstrated in the second study to be associated with the plasma resistin concentration. However, two gene variants were associated with the prevalence of cerebrovascular disease in subjects with type 2 diabetes. In the third work, the association of the plasma resistin level with the risk factors of atherosclerosis and early atherosclerosis measured with carotid artery intima-media thickness (IMT) were studied. Plasma resistin level was not associated with IMT independently from the known risk factors of atherosclerosis. However, resistin was associated with inflammatory markers highly sensitive CRP and the number of leucocytes whereas insulin resistance did not associate with resistin. In the fourth study, resistin expression in different leucocytes and its modulation, as well as the effect of resistin on monocyte adhesion to endothelium were evaluated. The novel discovery was that resistin is expressed in all the main leucocyte lineages, with monocytes and neutrophils exhibiting the highest relative mRNA and protein levels of resistin. Resistin expression was up-regulated by pro-inflammatory factors in the cells of both innate and adaptive immunity. The present results demonstrating that resistin increases adhesion and expression of some adhesion molecules support the hypothesis that resistin may be involved in the development of atherosclerosis. The above results indicate that resistin is widely produced by leucocytes and therefore may participate in inflammatory processes. Since it may be considered as an inflammatory cytokine, resistin may also influence the development of atherosclerosis. In the future, resistin could possibly be used as a marker of inflammation Tiivistelmä Vereen erittyvä uusi hormoni, resistiini, löydettiin vuonna 2000. Hiirellä resistiinin on havaittu erittyvän rasvasoluista ja sen on arveltu toimivan linkkinä lihavuuden ja insuliiniresistenssin välillä. Ihmisellä resistiinin tehtävä on toistaiseksi huomattavasti epäselvempi ja toisin kuin hiirellä ihmisen resistiinin korkein ilmentymistaso on valkosoluissa. Tämän väitöstutkimuksen tarkoituksena oli selvittää ihmisen resistiinin toimintaa ja erityisesti sen liittymäkohtia tyypin 2 diabetekseen ja ateroskleroosiin. Ensimmäisessä osatyössä on selvitetty resistiini-geenin nukleotidimuuntelun yhteyttä tyypin 2 diabetekseen ja siihen liittyviin tekijöihin diabetespotilasaineistossa. Resistiinin geenimuuntelu ei tulosten perusteella ole yhteydessä tyypin 2 diabetekseen, vaikka sillä näyttääkin olevan vaikutusta plasman resistiini-pitoisuuteen, mikä havaittiin toisessa osatyössä. Geenimuuntelulla oli havaittavissa yhteyttä aivovaltimosairauteen. Kolmannessa osatyössä plasman resistiinipitoisuuden yhteyttä valtimonkovettumatautiin ja sen riskitekijöihin tutkittiin Pohjois-Pohjanmaalta kerätyssä aineistossa (n = 525). Plasman resistiinipitoisuudella ei havaittu itsenäistä yhteyttä kaulavaltimonseinämänpaksuuteen, joka kuvastaa alkuvaiheen valtimokovettumataudin tasoa. Tulehdukselliset merkit kuten veren valkosolujen määrä ja plasman CRP-pitoisuus liittyivät suurentuneeseen plasman resistiinipitoisuuteen mutta insuliiniresistenssimuuttujat eivät. Neljännessä osatyössä tutkittiin resistiinin ilmentymistä. Resistiinin havaittiin ilmentyvän kaikissa keskeisissä valkosolutyypeissä ja lisäksi tulehdustekijät lisäsivät sen tuottoa. Erityisesti neutrofiileissä ja monosyyteissä resistiinin ilmentymistasot olivat korkeita. Endoteelisoluilla selvitettiin resistiinin vaikutuksia ateroskleroosiin liittyviin muutoksiin. Resistiini lisäsi monosyyttien kiinnittymistä endoteelisoluihin, mikä on tyypillinen ilmiö varhaiselle ateroskleroosille. Tämän työn tulosten perusteella ihmisen resistiinillä ei ole merkittävää yhteyttä insuliiniresistenssiin ja tyypin 2 diabetekseen. Sen sijaan havainto resistiinin ilmentymisestä useammissa valkosolutyypeissä, kuin mitä aikaisemmin on raportoitu, ja yhteys tulehdustekijöihin osoittaa, että ihmisen resistiinin toiminta liittyy tulehdustiloihin. Resistiini aiheuttaa myös endoteelisoluissa samanlaisia ateroskleroosille altistavia muutoksia kuin muutkin tulehdustekijät. Tulevaisuudessa plasman resistiini-pitoisuutta voidaan mahdollisesti käyttää tulehdustilojen arvioinnissa

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Alkan, Hulya. "Transformation And `europeanization`of Greek Political Culture: The Case Of Political Parties Between 1974-2000." Master's thesis, METU, 2004. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/2/12604903/index.pdf.

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This thesis analyses the &lsquo dualistic&rsquo structure of Greek political culture formed by traditionalist and modernist wings in a historical context by concentrating on post-1974 era. The dissolution of the dictatorship in 1974 constituted a turning point both for Greek politics and Greek political culture. In this point, political parties played the key role in the process of transition and consolidation of democracy and reshaping Greek political culture. Accession into the EC was another historical step for Greek politics and political culture. Deepening of integration with the EC (EU) and Europeanization process has profoundly affected socio-political, economic structure and institutional modernization of Greece. Europeanization of Greece reformulated the hegemony struggle between traditionalist and modernist wings in favor of the latter. Especially, coming to power of Simitis with a pro-European understanding and &lsquo modernization&rsquo discourse reinforced the hegemony of modernist wing over the traditionalist one.

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Crotty, Christopher M. "Two distinct outward K+ conductances are simultaneously activated in TBY-2 suspension culture protoplasts." Thesis, McGill University, 2001. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=38174.

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Two kinetically and pharmacologically distinct outward K+ conductances were found to be simultaneously activated at the plasma membrane of TBY-2 suspension culture protoplasts using the whole-cell patch-clamp technique. We used a modified Hodgkin-Huxley model to quantify the activation kinetics of the outward current. Time constants for the two conductances derived from the model differed in magnitude by 5--10 fold over the voltage range from -10 mV to +50 mV, allowing their classification as either fast or slow. Deactivation kinetics were better fit by two exponential terms rather than one, yielding fast and slow deactivation time constants. The voltage dependence of time constants derived from these two independent two-channel models followed a bell-shaped distribution with mid-point potentials for both components at -20 mV with a standard 10-fold K+ gradient (10 K+o/100K+i). Both components were highly K+-selective, however the tail current amplitudes of the slowly activating component at hyperpolarized potentials exhibited non-linear rectification whereas the tail current amplitudes of the fast activating component were linear. The ratio of inward tail current/activated outward current (envelope of tails test) was not constant during the depolarizing step; during the first 50--100 milliseconds the ratio was 6 times higher than at quasi-steady-state (i.e. after 0.3 second). A pharmacological dissection of outward currents revealed that external Ba2+ in the range from 10 muM to 1 mM selectively inhibited a fast, sigmoidally activating, slowly inactivating current as revealed by examining difference currents. The more slowly activating component was inhibited by only 20% with 5 mM Ba2+. Conversely, nitrendipine or bepridil (5--100 muM) selectively inhibited the slower component of outward current. External TEA inhibited both the fast and slow components equally; tail current amplitudes of both components were inhibited by 40% with 2 mM TEA and the activation time courses in the presence of TEA conserved the same kinetic parameters as control currents.

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Pleasant, Chaucola K. "TARGETING EXPRESSION OF AN ONCOGENE BY SPLICING INTERFERENCE (SPLICEi) IN HUMAN MAMMARY CARCINOMA CELL CULTURE MODEL." Cleveland State University / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=csu1328206596.

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25

Velada, João Manuel Ferreira. "Desafios da tradução de Banda Desenhada - o caso de Les Dingodossiers, tomes 1 et 2, de René Goscinny e Marcel Gotlib." Master's thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/31044.

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Esta dissertação, elaborada no âmbito do mestrado em Línguas e Linguística, ramo de tradução de língua francesa, visa apresentar uma proposta de tradução de dez histórias retiradas dos dois primeiros volumes da banda desenhada humorística francófona Les Dingodossiers, da autoria de René Goscinny e Marcel Gotlib. Depois da tradução propriamente dita, será apresentada uma análise das decisões tradutórias que foram tomadas, das respetivas dificuldades que surgiram ao longo de todo o processo e também das consequências no texto produzido. A referida análise tradutória assenta na teoria da tradução desenvolvida por autores como John Dryden, Friedrich Schleiermacher, Lawrence Venuti, Antoine Berman, Eugene Nida, Susan Bassnett, Roman Jakobson, John Cunnison Catford, Peter Newmark, Jean-Paul Vinay e Jean Darbelnet. No decorrer deste trabalho serão ainda feitas considerações sobre as características particulares da banda desenhada, o que permitirá compreender melhor a razão pela qual o ato de traduzir estas histórias que conjugam texto e imagem é uma tarefa tão aliciante quanto delicada. Assim, num primeiro capítulo proceder-se-á a uma reflexão sobre a banda desenhada, em particular sobre as várias propostas para a sua definição enquanto forma de arte independente, sobre as especificidades estruturais e tipológicas que a caracterizam e ainda sobre o modo como ela foi evoluindo ao longo da história da Humanidade, desde os seus primórdios até à contemporaneidade. Num segundo capítulo será desenvolvida a teoria da tradução de acordo com o contributo dos autores supracitados, sendo também destacados os fatores linguísticos e culturais inerentes à banda desenhada e ainda os problemas causados pelas dificuldades da sua tradução. Por fim, num terceiro e último capítulo apresentar-se-á, com a devida contextualização espaciotemporal, a obra Les Dingodossiers e a sua dupla de autores, seguindo-se então a proposta de tradução desta banda desenhada francófona e a análise das questões tradutórias que suscitaram uma reflexão mais aprofundada; Abstract: Challenges in the translation of Comics – the case of Les Dingodossiers, tomes 1 et 2, by René Goscinny and Marcel Gotlib - Developed in the context of the French Language Translation field, specifically within the master’s degree in Languages and Linguistics, this dissertation aims to present a proposal for the translation of ten stories taken from the first two volumes of the francophone humorous comics Les Dingodossiers, by René Goscinny and Marcel Gotlib. After the translation proper, an analysis will be presented regarding the translation decisions that were taken, the respective difficulties that arose throughout the process and also the consequences on the resulting text. This translation analysis is based on the theory of translation that was developed by authors such as John Dryden, Friedrich Schleiermacher, Lawrence Venuti, Antoine Berman, Eugene Nida, Susan Bassnett, Roman Jakobson, John Cunnison Catford, Peter Newmark, Jean-Paul Vinay and Jean Darbelnet. Over the course of this work, considerations will also be made about the particular characteristics of comics, which will allow for a better understanding of the reason why the act of translating these stories that combine text and image is as appealing as it is delicate. The first chapter will therefore be devoted to a reflection on comics, particularly about the various proposals for its definition as an independent form of art, about its specific structural and typological characteristics and moreover about the way it has evolved throughout the history of humanity, from its beginnings until the present day. In a second chapter, the theory of translation will be developed according to the contribution of the above-mentioned authors, while also highlighting the linguistic and cultural factors which are inherent to comics and the problems caused by the difficulties of translating them. Finally, the third and last chapter will present Les Dingodossiers and both their authors, along with the appropriate spatiotemporal contextualisation, before moving on to the translation proposal for these francophone comic strips and the subsequent analysis of the translation issues that needed further reflection.

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Onalan, Okan. "Efl Teachers&#039." Master's thesis, METU, 2005. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/2/12604872/index.pdf.

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This study aims to investigate Turkish teachers&rsquo opinions and beliefs on the place of target cultural information in English language teaching, as well as their related practices and applications in EFL classrooms in Turkish higher education context. Particularly, it tries to explore three research questions: (a) How do Turkish teachers of English define culture? (b) What are the EFL teachers&rsquo attitudes towards incorporating cultural information into their teaching? and (c) What role do they allocate to the culture of the target language in their classrooms? Data was collected from 98 randomly selected EFL teachers in the Preparatory (Hazirlik) Programs of four universities (Hacettepe University, Middle East Technical University, Ankara University, and Baskent University) in Ankara. A written survey questionnaire, including structured items, a rating scale and a Likerttype attitude scale, together with a follow-up interview were used as the two data collection methods. The analyses were carried out by frequency counts of the predetermined choices in the items and the related responses that were given to questions of the interview. The study shows that teachers mostly define culture in the sociological sense, such as values and beliefs. Their definition of culture in the framework of ELT slightly shifts towards more visible culture, such as food and clothing. The study also reveals teachers&rsquo positive attitudes towards incorporating cultural information in their instruction. Teachers incorporate cultural knowledge to increase the learners&rsquo awareness of other cultures and people for intellectual development, and to improve learners&rsquo communicative competence.

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Bravo, Silvina Alejandra. "The di/tri-peptide transporters PEPT1 and PEPT2 : expression and regulation in the intestinal Caco-2 and renal SKPT0193 cl.2 cell lines /." Cph. : Department of Pharmaceutics, The Danish University of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2004. http://www.dfh.dk/phd/defences/silvinabravo.htm.

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Oliveira, Michel Vaz de. "Efeito do silenciamento da SHP-2 na atividade da FAK durante a miogenese do musculo esqueletico." [s.n.], 2008. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/310215.

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Orientador: Kleber Gomes Franchini Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-11T13:44:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Oliveira_MichelVazde_M.pdf: 1365391 bytes, checksum: a8c1dd22f85ed3c7df93982f678f95f7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008 Resumo: Os mioblastos que formam o músculo esquelético são derivados de regiões do miótomo dos somitos. No processo de miogênese ocorre transição de estado proliferativo para um estado de diferenciação que se caracteriza por interrupção do ciclo celular, expressão de genes músculo-específico, reconhecimento célula-célula e formação de miotubos multinucleados. Para o estudo de diferenciação miogênica in vitro a linhagem celular C2C12 é um modelo bem estabelecido. Quando os mitógenos são retirados do meio de cultura (privação de soro fetal bovino), fatores de transcrição específicos são ativados, levando à diferenciação em miotubos. Na progressão do estado proliferativo para o de diferenciação participam diversas proteínas sinalizadoras. Em estudos anteriores demonstramos que a modulação da atividade da FAK tem papel crítico no processo de miogênese de células C2C12. Níveis relativamente elevados de atividade da FAK determinam a manutenção do estado proliferativo (indiferenciado) através de ativação de ciclinas. Também demonstramos que redução transitória da atividade da FAK é essencial para que as mioblastos C2C12 iniciem o processo de diferenciação terminal em miotubos. No presente estudo foi avaliada a hipótese de que a ação da tirosino-fosfatase SHP-2 determina a redução transitória da quinase de adesão focal (FAK) na transição do estado proliferativo para o estado de diferenciação no modelo de miogênese em células C2C12. A privação do soro fetal bovino induziu uma redução transiente (cerca de 80 % por ~2 horas) da fosforilação da FAK no resíduo de Tyr-397, detectada através de anticorpo fosfoespecífico anti-FAK-pY397. Não foi observada mudança na expressão da proteína FAK durante o período experimental. Experimentos de co-imunoprecipitação foram realizados para avaliar se a redução do nível de fosforilação da FAK é acompanhada de sua associação com SHP-2. Observou-se aumento de cerca de 2 vezes na associação entre FAK e SHP-2 no período coincidente com os nível baixos de fosforilação da FAK. Para avaliar o efeito da SHP-2 na redução transitória da pFAK padronizou-se o silenciamento de SHP-2 em células C2C12 nos estados de proliferação e diferenciação. Após a transfecção com siRNASHP2 nas células C2C12 foi feita a extração total de proteínas em diferentes tempos para avaliar o nível de expressão da SHP-2 no estado de proliferação. Foi observada menor expressão desta proteína após 12 horas ao período de transfecção. Depois da transfecção em meio de cultivo com o silenciamento de SHP-2 padronizados em 12 horas as células foram induzidas a se diferenciarem através da privação de soro fetal bovino. A depleção de SHP-2 aboliu a redução transiente da fosforilação da FAK. Observou-se que a depleção de SHP-2 também impediu a diferenciação terminal dos mioblastos privados de soro fetal bovino em miotubos. Esses dados sugerem que a SHP-2 modula o nível de fosforilação da FAK exercendo papel inibitório na ativação da FAK na transição das células C2C12 no estado de proliferação para diferenciação, influenciando a entrada destas células na diferenciação Abstract: The myoblasts that form the skeletal muscle are derived from regions of the myotome of somites. In the process of myogenesis occurs transition of proliferative status to a state of differentiation which is characterised by disruption of the cell cycle, expression of muscle-specific genes, cell-cell recognition and training of myotubes multinucleate. For the study of the in vitro differentiation myogenic cell line C2C12 is a model well established. Where mitogens are moved from the culture medium (deprivation of fetal bovine serum), specific transcription factors are activated, leading to the differentiation in myotubes. The progression to the proliferative status of differentiation are involves several signaling proteins. In previous studies we showed that the modulation of the activity of FAK plays a critical role in the process of myogenesis of C2C12 cells. Relatively high levels of activity of FAK determine the maintenance of the state proliferative (indistinct) through activation of cyclin. It also demonstrated that transient reduction of the activity of FAK is essential for the myoblasts C2C12 begin the process of terminal differentiation in myotubes. In the present study was evaluated the hypothesis that the action of tirosino-phosphatase SHP-2 determines the reduction of transient focal membership of kinase (FAK) in the transition of proliferative state to the state of differentiation in the model of miogênese in C2C12 cells. The deprivation of fetal bovine serum produces a transient reduction (about 80% by ~ 2 hours) of the phosphorylation of FAK in the residue of Tyr-397, detected by antibody phsphoespecific anti-FAK-pY397. No change was observed in the expression of FAK protein during the trial period. Coimmunoprecitation experiments were performed to evaluate whether the reduction in the level of phosphorylation of FAK is accompanied by its association with SHP-2. There was an increase of about 2 times in the association between FAK and SHP-2 in the period coinciding with the low level of phosphorylation of FAK. To evaluate the effect of SHP-2 on the reduction of transient pFAK standardized up the silencing of SHP-2 in C2C12 cells in the states of proliferation and differentiation. It was observed lower expression of this protein after 12 hours the period of transfection. After Transfection in the midst of cultivation with the silencing of SHP-2 standard in 12 hours the cells were induced to differentiate by deprivation of fetal bovine serum. The depletion of SHP-2 abolished the reduction of transient phosphorylation of FAK. It was observed that the depletion of SHP-2 also prevented the terminal differentiation of myoblasts deprived of fetal bovine serum in myotubes. These data suggest that SHP-2 modulates the level of phosphorylation of FAK acting inhibitory role in the activation of FAK in the transition of C2C12 cells in the state of proliferation to differentiation, influencing the entry of these cells in the differentiation Mestrado Ciencias Basicas Mestre em Clinica Medica

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WANG, Zhihong. "Effects of ethical context on earnings management, organizational-professional conflict and organizational commitment in Chinese enterprises." Digital Commons @ Lingnan University, 2008. https://commons.ln.edu.hk/acct_etd/2.

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This study investigates the effects of the organizational ethical context (ethical climate and ethical culture) in Chinese enterprises on accounting professionals’ perceptions of earnings management, organizational-professional conflict (OPC) and affective organizational commitment (OC). We also test the effects of Machiavellianism on these factors, and the interactive effects of Machiavellianism and ethical context on OPC and OC. The findings, based on responses from 89 accounting professionals employed by Chinese enterprises at staff, supervisor and manager levels, indicate that in general the perceived ethical context did not affect judgments of the acceptability of earnings management. However, as anticipated, perceptions of a stronger benevolent/cosmopolitan climate (one that places more emphasis on the public interest) were associated with harsher judgments of accounting earnings management. Machiavellianism also had a marginally significant effect on judgments of accounting earnings management and a significant effect on judgments of operating earnings management, with high Machiavellians judging the actions to be more ethical. Two aspects of ethical culture, obedience to authority and ethical norms, were found to be significantly associated with organizational-professional conflict and affective organizational commitment. Contrary to our expectations, high Machiavellians appeared to be more, rather than less, sensitive to the perceived ethical context in their organization. Specifically, the perceived organizational ethical culture had a greater (lesser) impact on affective organizational commitment for high (low) Machiavellians.

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Ağlamaz, Fatma Sibel. "Understanding the dynamics of cultural stratification: the case of Spain." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/672392.

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Advanced societies have witnessed unprecedented socioeconomic and technological changes in the last 50 years. The growth of the service sector has transformed the class structure, and social mobility has increased for younger cohorts. Massive urbanization has altered social interactions; educational expansion has raised people’s cognitive abilities, and the spread of the mass media and new information technologies has facilitated contacts between different cultures. These social transformations have been accompanied by deep cultural changes at the individual and societal levels. This thesis explores the many different manifestations of cultural change and investigates the underlying mechanisms through which social change has promoted differentiation in cultural consumption and the multiplication of social connections. Using data from Spain, a society that experienced one of the fastest modernization processes in the second half of the 20th century, I examine three dimensions of culture that are central to the literature on the sociology of culture: cultural tastes, omnivority, and social capital. The findings of this thesis highlight the persistent importance of structural factors such as education and social class in explaining the differences in cultural manifestations. However, the results also suggest that cultural preferences may be becoming more socially heterogeneous and individualistic over time due to the levelling role of public education, urbanization, social mobility, and the spread of new communication technologies. The thesis's main conclusion is that to study the relationship between social and cultural change it may be necessary to adopt a pluralist perspective that considers the role of both social structure and individuals’ actions in shaping culture. Las sociedades avanzadas han presenciado cambios socioeconómicos y tecnológicos sin precedentes en los últimos 50 años. El crecimiento del sector de servicios ha transformado la estructura de clases y la movilidad social ha aumentado para las cohortes más jóvenes. La urbanización masiva ha alterado las interacciones sociales; la expansión educativa ha aumentado las capacidades cognitivas de las personas; y la difusión de los medios de comunicación y las nuevas tecnologías de la información han facilitado los contactos entre diferentes culturas. Estas transformaciones sociales han ido acompañadas de profundos cambios culturales a nivel individual y social. Esta tesis explora las diferentes manifestaciones del cambio cultural e investiga los mecanismos subyacentes a través de los cuales el cambio social ha promovido la diferenciación en el consumo cultural y la multiplicación de contactos sociales. Utilizando datos de España, una sociedad que experimentó uno de los procesos de modernización más rápidos en la segunda mitad del siglo XX, examino tres dimensiones de la cultura que son centrales para la literatura sobre la sociología de la cultura: los gustos culturales, la omnivoridad cultural y el capital social. Los resultados de la tesis resaltan la importancia continuada de los factores estructurales como la educación y la clase social para explicar las diferencias en las manifestaciones culturales. Sin embargo, los resultados también sugieren que las preferencias culturales pueden volverse más socialmente heterogéneas e individualistas con el tiempo debido al papel democratizador de la educación pública, la urbanización, la movilidad social y la difusión de las nuevas tecnologías de la comunicación. La principal conclusión de la tesis es que para estudiar la relación entre cambio social y cultural puede ser oportuno adoptar una perspectiva pluralista que considere el papel tanto de la estructura social como de las acciones de los individuos en la configuración de las manifestaciones culturales.

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Smith, Donna Louise. "An organotypic slice culture assay to assess huntingtin aggregation in Huntington's disease R6/2 transgenic mice." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.406704.

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32

Lauderdale, Chance Venable. "Characterization of a microbial culture capable of removing taste- and odor-causing 2-methylisoborneol from water." [Gainesville, Fla.] : University of Florida, 2004. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/UFE0005500.

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Rungarara-Keenan, Margareth. "Culture and diet : food choice among Black African and African-Caribbean women with Type 2 Diabetes." Thesis, University of Essex, 2016. http://repository.essex.ac.uk/16866/.

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People of Black African heritage in the UK have increased susceptibility of being diagnosed with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) compared to the general White population. Nutrition is central in halting T2DM and the progression of complications such as cardiovascular diseases. However, little is known about the factors influencing the diet of women of Black African heritage with T2DM. In addition, clinical and public health conceptions of the problem tend to be individualistic in orientation. This study is an exploratory and in-depth inquiry into food choice and the implications of dietary change for women of Black African heritage who self-manage T2DM by diet alone. Eight participants were recruited using purposive sampling. Recruitment sites included Black and Minority Ethnic charities in Norfolk and Suffolk. Data was derived from direct observation using the ‘Accompanied Shopping Task’, combined with a ‘Think Aloud Technique’ called a ‘Product Choice Reasoning Task’. In-depth interviews were undertaken and transcribed verbatim. Framework Analysis was used to provide a procedure to manage data analysis, which was informed by the PEN-3 public health cultural model which moves beyond overly individualistic conceptions of the issues. The study showed that six participants prioritised the disease and used what I have called a ‘Disease Focused Approach’ to self-manage T2DM. Two used a ‘Family Focused Approach’, as family played a crucial role in T2DM self-management. All participants undertook T2DM self-care by following a culturally appropriate diet. Their least preferred options for managing T2DM were medical therapy and physical activity. The study showed that although food choice is influenced by many factors, culture was particularly important. Moreover, participants showed greater knowledge than had been anticipated about the role of nutrition to prevent progression of T2DM. Results are explored and presented for three main domains of experience for the participants: first, food shopping and decision-making; second, diet choice and lifestyle; and third, the interface with health services. For each of these the culture was found to be of paramount importance. The implications of the findings are presented in relation to the importance of culturally appropriate advice; culturally sensitive service provision; and the significance of household composition in managing the illness, especially for people with T2DM who have young children living at home.

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Lai, Yu-Ning. "THE EFFECT OF AMERICAN CULTURE ON COMPLIMENT RESPONSES OF CHINESE SPEAKERS OF ENGLISH." Available to subscribers only, 2009. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1968025141&sid=2&Fmt=2&clientId=1509&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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Muratovic, Azra, and Kajsa Ahlqvist. "1 X 2 : En kvalitativ intervjustudie om unga vuxna som lever "mellan" två kulturer." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för socialt arbete, SA, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-19494.

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The study seeks to investigate and understand how individuals create their identity from the perspective of two countries and cultures, and how these affect their current lives today. The focus of the study is aimed at young adults who have mostly or entirely grown up in Sweden to parents that have migrated. The material is based on seven qualitative, semi-structured interviews. The result is then divided into three themes; ethnic and cultural belonging, life impact, and the preservation and passing on of culture. The derivation of the first theme is that there are mixed views regarding the cultural association of the persons interviewed. Some present a clear vision of their cultural belonging and identities as Swedes, while others give a more ambiguous depiction as they find themselves in between two cultures and are experiencing a certain ambivalence regarding their cultural belonging. The second theme describes the pros and cons of living alongside two cultures as well as the importance of language. One of the main advantages that emerge is that the respondents perceive themselves as having a broader perspective and a deeper understanding of other cultures and ethnicities. Negative aspects that individuals have experienced are discrimination and parental influence. This theme also addresses the importance of language regarding the cultural belonging of the individual. The respondents agree that the language is of importance for the feeling of belonging, and that it is natural to feel more connected to those who speak the same language. The third and last theme describes how the individuals retain their original culture in their everyday lives, and it furthermore deals with ideas regarding the future as well as the passing on of culture.

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Salles, Maria Beatriz Corrêa. "A lei da cultura e a cultura da lei." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/2/2140/tde-11022015-081749/.

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Este estudo visa a investigar sobre se o direito tem sido adequadamente utilizado para instrumentalizar a política pública de cultura no Brasil. Partimos do arcabouço jurídico nacional e internacional sobre os direitos culturais e de conceitos importantes para o tema, passamos pela parte histórica e contextual da política cultural no Brasil, com as modificações havidas desde a redemocratização e seus reflexos no setor produtivo e no consumo cultural, para, então, analisar a proposta de reforma da Lei Rouanet feita pelo Governo Lula, com o objetivo de extrair os pontos que realmente só poderiam ser modificados por lei e identificar o que poderia ser alterado por meio de instrumentos jurídicos infralegais. O passo seguinte foi trabalhar as razões pelas quais houve proposta de reforma legal tão abrangente, e discorrer sobre a relação entre o direito e a política pública de cultura no Brasil, especificamente da possibilidade de reinterpretar o texto e construir um novo conteúdo normativo com base em nova política, sem alteração formal na lei. Concluímos que a interpretação construtiva da Lei Rouanet, agora aliada ao Plano Nacional de Cultura, formando os pilares sobre os quais se deve construir a legislação infralegal da cultura, seria capaz de responder de forma contundente à maior parte dos anseios sociais e governamentais de reforma do sistema de financiamento da cultura no Brasil. This study aims to investigate whether the law has been properly used to equip the public policy on culture in Brazil. Firstly, it discuss the national and international legal framework on cultural rights and key concepts, contextualizes the public policy on culture in Brazil, with the changes taking place since the return to democracy and their reflections in the productive sector and the cultural consumption, then analyzes the proposed reform of the Rouanet Law taken by Lula government, with the purpose of extracting the points that really could only be modified by law and identify what could be changed through regulation. Finally, it looks for the reasons why the proposal for Rouanet Law reform was so comprehensive, and examines the relationship between law and public policy on culture in Brazil, specifically the possibility to reinterpret the text and build a new normative content based on new policy without formally amending the law. It concludes that the constructive interpretation of the Rouanet Law would be able to answer forcefully to most social and governmental desire for reform financing of culture system in Brazil.

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Chikuta, Maxwell K. "Preventing Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes in Immigrant Populations." ScholarWorks, 2019. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/6541.

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Obesity-related diseases have been increasing in African immigrants throughout the United States. Although research has been done to identify risk factors associated with many ethnic groups in the United States, only a few studies exist that explore obesity and type 2 diabetes diseases among Central African immigrants. The conceptual framework for this qualitative case study was social constructivism and the health belief model. The primary research question addressed the potential underlying causes for an increase in obesity and type 2 diabetes among Central African Immigrants. The secondary research questions explored how culture, illiteracy, and religion contribute to the problem of obesity in Central African immigrants, and what strategies could be effective in preventing and reducing the increase of obesity and type 2 diabetes in this population. Interviews with 17 Central African immigrants living in the northeastern U.S. were conducted to explore their social, cultural, and behavioral factors that influence the prevalence of obesity. Interview responses were transcribed and entered into NVivo software for data analysis. The results revealed that socioeconomic issues, cultural differences, and language gaps were the primary risk factors. Feeling stressed and overwhelmed and a lack of communication were also found to be significant. The results could provide health administrators and health educators with a platform for advancing policies and programs to foster greater health and well-being among Central African immigrants and thus contribute to the overall social welfare of Central African immigrants.

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Da, Violante Georges. "Utilisation du modèle de culture cellulaire intestinale Caco-2 pour étudier l'absorption des principes actifs seuls ou en formulation : aspect pratique et fondamental." Paris 5, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA05P604.

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Le modèle de culture cellulaire Caco-2 est prédictif de l'absorption intestinale chez l'homme des principes actifs seuls ou en formulation malgé un temps de culture long (21 jours). La GW328713X présente une biodisponibilité chez l'homme inférieure à 20% due à un important métabolisme et à une faible absorption probablement liée à sa solubilité aqueuse et/ou à sa perméabilité membranaire. Nous avons mis au point deux modèles Caco-2 adaptés à l'évaluation de l'absorption chez l'homme, un modèle à croissance longue et un modéle à croissance accélérée pour réduire les délais et les coûts. Puis, le ou les facteurs limitants l'absorption du GW328713X ont été définis puis des formulations adaptées (microémulsions, mélange avec des cyclodextrines), permettant de compenser ce(s) facteur(s) ont été préparées et caractérisées. Les caractérisations morphologiques et biochimiques (enzymes, transporteurs) montrent que les cellules à croissance accélérée sont moins différenciées que les cellules 21-jours en limitant leur utilisation pour l'évaluation de l'absorption orale de molécules à diffusion passive. En étape préliminaire, nous avons défini certaines conditions expérimentales optimales en terme de milieu de transport : pas d'agitation, pH compris entre 5 et 8, pressions osmotiques supérieurs à 210 mosm/kg, et concentrations en diméthyle sulfoxide (co-solvant) inférieures à 10% v/v. Les deux modèles ont été jugés équivalents pour la sélection de molécules à diffusion passive à haut passage intestinal. L'utilisation de ces modèles pour l'étude de l'absorption du GW328713X nous a permis d'extrapoler son absorption chez l'homme à [65-90%]. La solubilité aqueuse et la vitesse de dissolution sont les principaux facteurs limitant son absorption. Les formulations (microémulsions de Capmul® PG8/Simulsol® 1293/Transcutol®, inclusion dans les β- et hydroxypropyl β-cyclodextrines) ont permis d'améliorer des deux paramètres sans diminution de la perméabilité membranaire. L'utilisation de ces formulations permettraient d'améliorer la biodisponibilité de GW328713X. Cette hypothèse pourrait être vérifiée en effectuant une étude in vivo chez l'animal.

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Massa, Denise Marie. "Is Organic Tissue Culture of Petunia Possible?" Available to subscribers only, 2009. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1796330171&sid=6&Fmt=2&clientId=1509&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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Powers, Mary Melinda. "A genealogy of corporeal culture in Bakchai." Diss., Restricted to subscribing institutions, 2007. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1383468101&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=1564&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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Rodriguez, Kassy A. "Mapping oyster reefs using sidescan sonar and subbottom profiling Cape Fear River, southeastern North Carolina /." View electronic thesis (PDF), 2009. http://dl.uncw.edu/etd/2009-2/rodriguezk/kassyrodriguez.pdf.

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Rocha, Scarpetta Joan Andreu. "The geopolitics of communication and religion. Abrahamic religions and social communications form a media, religion and culture perspective." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Abat Oliba CEU, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/398383.

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Aquesta tesi doctoral proposa una aproximació entre l’àrea dels estudis de comunicació anomenada «Media, Religió i Cultura» i l'estudi de la globalització i de la geopolítica en relació amb les tres tradicions religioses que deriven de la cosmovisió abrahamítica, és a dir, el judaisme, el cristianisme i l'lslam. Mitjançant una presentació de l'estat de la qüestió de la literatura acadèmica corresponent, l'anàlisi doctrinal, històrica i comparativa del desenvolupament de l'ús i la percepció dels mitjans de comunicació per part de cadascuna de les tres tradicions religioses, i mitjançant l'anàlisi de les conseqüències geopolítiques que implica aquest ús i percepció, aquest estudi pretén oferir una possible nova tendència en l'àrea acadèmica de «Media, Religió i Cultura» incloent-hi, no només la manera com les tradicions religioses específiques perceben els mitjans de comunicació a partir dels principis religiosos que les determinen, sinó també les conseqüències geopolítiques que comporta l'ús i la percepció que les religions fan dels mitjans. Esta tesis doctoral propone una aproximación entre el área de los estudios de comunicación llamada «Media, Religión y Cultura» y el estudio de la globalización y de la geopolítica en relación con las tres tradiciones religiosas que derivan de la cosmovisión abrahamítica, a saber, el judaísmo, el cristianismo y el Islam. Mediante una presentación del estado de la cuestión de la literatura académica correspondiente, el análisis doctrinal, histórico y comparativo del desarrollo de la percepción y uso de los medios por parte de cada una de las tres tradiciones religiosas, y mediante el análisis de las consecuencias geopolíticas que implica tal percepción y uso, el trabajo de investigación busca ofrecer una posible nueva tendencia dentro del área académica de «Media, Religión y Cultura» incluyendo, no solo el cómo las tradiciones religiosas específicas utilizan y perciben los medios de comunicación a partir de los principios religiosos que las determinan, sino también las consecuencias geopolíticas que conlleva tal percepción y uso de los medios. This PhD thesis proposes an approach between the area of communication studies called «Media, Religion and Culture» and the study of globalization and geopolitics regarding the three religious traditions derived from the Abrahamitic cosmovision, that is, Judaism, Christianity and Islam. Through a presentation of the state of the art of the main academic literature, a doctrinal, historical and_ comparative analysis of the development and framing of the different media within each of the three religious traditions, and through an analysis of the geopolitical consequences that such fraiming entails, the research work aims at offering a possible new trend of study within the «Media, Religion and Cultural» academic area including, not only how specific religious traditions use and understand media according to the religious principles that determine them, but also the geopolitical consequences that such a use an understanding involve.

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Oueslati, Nadia. "Conception et optimisation d'un procédé extrapolable de purification d'acides hyaluroniques produits par culture microbienne." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LORR0191/document.

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L’acide hyaluronique (AH) est un polymère osidique aux propriétés mécaniques et biologiques d’intérêt pour le secteur de la santé et des cosmétiques. L’AH est produit à l’échelle industrielle par mise en oeuvre de souches de streptocoques groupe C et D. A l’issue de la production, une part de l’AH est libre dans le milieu de culture complexe, l’autre est associée à la capsule des cellules. La purification de l’AH est délicate en raison, d’une part, de la complexité des milieux de production et, d’autre part, des exigences de la pharmacopée européenne. L’objectif de cette thèse a été de proposer un enchaînement d’opérations et de conditions opératoires permettant une purification de l’AH à partir d’un milieu de production. Au départ, deux méthodes analytiques originales de quantification et d’évaluation de la taille de l’AH en milieux complexes ont été mises au point afin de pouvoir évaluer les critères de performance des procédés de séparation. Ensuite, quatre opérations permettant, premièrement l’extraction, deuxièmement l’élimination des cellules productrices d’AH, troisièmement la purification, et enfin, le séchage d’AH ont été établies. L’étude de l’extraction de la capsule d’AH assistée par SDS ou au TCA a permis d’établir que l’AH lié aux cellules ne représente que 7 % de l’AH produit. Il en a été déduit que cette étape n’est pas nécessaire. L’étude de la séparation des cellules du milieu de culture a montré que la microfiltration tangentielle n’est pas adaptée en raison, d’une part, d’une rétention trop élevée de l’AH (même avec des diamètres de pores supérieurs à 0,22 µm) et d’autre part, d’un colmatage trop rapide des membranes. Cette étape doit être réalisée par filtration frontale sur adjuvant de filtration (Célite). La purification de l’AH a été envisagée par diafiltration (DF) avec des membranes d’ultrafiltration. L’étude des conditions opératoires (PTM, débit d’alimentation, concentration en AH et seuil de coupure), par plan d’expériences, a permis de sélectionner des conditions qui maximisent le flux de perméat ainsi que la rétention d’AH. Ces conditions ont été appliquées en diafiltration au cours de laquelle les performances de séparation (rendement, pureté, productivité) ont été étudiées. Une méthodologie, basée sur les équations classiques de bilans de matière et de flux de perméat en DF, a alors été proposée. Cette démarche avait tout d’abord pour but de prédire lesdites performances en prenant en compte la composition complexe du milieu, de culture bactérienne mais aussi de faciliter l’agencement des étapes du procédé de purification. La diafiltration permet de satisfaire les exigences de pureté de la pharmacopée, mais pas les niveaux de certaines molécules (protéines et acides nucléiques). L’étude de l’adsorption de ces molécules sur charbon actif, en fonction de la température, de la force ionique, du pH et du type de charbon actif, a permis d’établir les conditions les plus favorables de l’élimination de ces molécules. Les équations classiques de modélisation des isothermes correspondant le mieux aux résultats expérimentaux ont été sélectionnées et utilisées avec les équations de performance en DF, afin d’associer au mieux ces deux étapes. Enfin, concernant le séchage de l’AH, deux méthodes, l’une par lyophilisation et l’autre par précipitation en solvant organique, ont été comparées. Ces dernières permettent d’obtenir moins de 20 % d’humidité et de conserver les propriétés des molécules d’AH Hyaluronic acid (HA) is a biopolymer with mechanical and biological properties interesting the health and cosmetic areas. The industrial HA production is realized by implementation of streptococcus strains (group C or D). At the end of the production phase, a part of HA is free in a complex culture medium while the other remains associated to the cells in a capsule. The two main difficulties of the purification of HA lie, firstly, on the complexity of the production medium and, secondly, on the high requirements of the European Pharmacopoeia for such an application. The aim of this thesis was to provide an appropriate sequence of separation processes and a set of operating conditions for HA purification from a complex production medium which complies with the Pharmacopea. Initially, two original analytical methods for quantifying and evaluating the size of HA in complex environments have been developed in order to evaluate the performance criteria of the separation processes. Then, the HA extraction from the capsule, the elimination of cells, the purification and drying of HA were using classical separation processes and studied. The HA extraction by SDS or TCA showed that the HA bound to cells corresponds to 7 % of HA production. As a consequence, it was concluded that this step was not necessary. The cell separations from the culture medium by tangential microfiltration was unsuitable because of an excessive retention of HA (even at pore diameters higher than 0.22 µm) and a too fast membrane clogging. Good performances were observed with dead-end filtration using Celite. Then, the purification of HA by diafiltration (DF) with ultrafiltration membranes was considered. The operating conditions (PTM, feed rate, HA concentration and cutoff) allowing to maximize the permeate flow rate and the HA retention were selected from design of experiments methodology. The performances of purification by diafiltration (DF) in these conditions (yield, purity and productivity) were monitored. A method for predicting the performances according to the complex medium composition, based on the conventional mass balance equations and the DF permeate flow rate, was then proposed. This was done in order to facilitate the arrangement of the purification steps. In DF, the requirement of the pharmacopoeia in term of overall purity was obtained (> 95 %) but the proteins and nucleic acids levels were still above the threshold. This is why the adsorption of these molecules on activated carbon was studied as a function of temperature, ionic strength, pH and the type of activated carbon. The isotherm equations that better fitted the experimental data were selected and used combined to the equations of DF performances in order to find an appropriate chaining. Finally, the AH lyophilization and precipitation in organic solvent were compared. Both drying methods present less than 20 % moisture and preserve the properties of the molecule

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Morisset, Sophie. "Régulation de l'expression de la cyclooxygénase 1 et de la cyclooxygénase 2 chez les chondrocytes bovins en culture." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape11/PQDD_0005/MQ40610.pdf.

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45

Figueroa, Bruno Jr. "Inhibition of programmed cell death in mammalian cell culture using modified and multiple anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 proteins." Available to US Hopkins community, 2002. http://wwwlib.umi.com/dissertations/dlnow/3046448.

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46

Morisset, Sophie. "Régulation de l'expression de la cyclooxygénase 1 et de la cyclooxygénase 2 chez les chondrocytes bovins en culture." Sherbrooke : Université de Sherbrooke, 1998.

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47

Aitaoto, Nia. "Pacific culture and type 2 diabetes: formative research to inform interventions to improve glycemic control among Pacific Islanders." Diss., University of Iowa, 2013. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/5404.

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The type 2 diabetes (T2DM) epidemic is a global health issue that is especially severe among Pacific Islanders in the United States (U.S.) and U.S. Associated Pacific Islands (USAPI) including Chuukese living in their homeland of Chuuk and the state of Hawaii. Although there are diabetes prevention and management programs in Hawai'i and the Pacific, success is limited due in part to the lack of tailoring for the Pacific audience. In spite of numerous recommendations to incorporate Pacific cultural constructs into health interventions, there are no studies in Chuuk or the Pacific that examine the integration of cultural constructs into diabetes prevention and management. To address this research need, the four studies in this dissertation used Grounded Theory and Community Based Participatory Research (CBPR) processes to explore the relationships between constructs such as culture, religion, family, and diabetes prevention and control. The aims were to obtain perspectives on diabetes prevention, screening and management (Study1) and identify socio-cultural influences that hinder or facilitate adherence to diabetes prevention and management behaviors specifically adherence to nutrition therapy (Study 2), physical activity (Study 3) and prescription medication (Study 4). Data where gathered through key informant interviews (faith leaders and health care providers) and focus group discussions (individual with diabetes and care takers). Results from Study 1 showed that participants perceived T2DM as a major problem and the discussion followed four significant narratives: (1) the need for specific information on "how to" operationalize diabetes treatment recommendations; (2) the practice of seeking medical help only when in pain; (3) the role spirituality plays in etiology disease beliefs and its influence on help-seeking behaviors; and (4) the role emotions play in treatment compliance. Study 2 revealed barriers to nutrition therapy adherence that were similar to other minority populations in the U.S. such as cost of healthy foods, taste preference, low availability of healthy food choices, lack of ideas for healthy meals/cooking, and lack of culturally appropriate nutrition modification options. It also elucidated: (1) food consumption and preparation practices; (2) the need for culturally tailored interventions; and (3) contextually appropriate approaches to address nutrition issues, including a plan for future research and interventions. Study 3 revealed a variety of behaviors, personal factors and environmental influences related to adherence to physical activity recommendations. Although the study was focused on physical activity, participants spent the majority of their time discussing sedentary behaviors and contextually appropriate interventions. Study 4 exposed vital factors that inclined patients' to comply with prescribed medication. Factors associated with the healer (messenger), medicine/remedy, and focus of healing. Furthermore, this study revealed that many patients not only seek multiple healing types (western, traditional, local and new), they also rotate among the types. These findings were communicated through two narratives: healer characteristics and medication-specific features. Overall, the most salient topics in all the focus group and interview discussions were on diabetes as a major problem and the pervasiveness of hopelessness. Woven into these conversations were narratives on how to address these two issues with stewardships of the spirit, mind and body. This became the foundation of a framework to address the diabetes epidemic in Pacific.

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Diez, Ibañez Miguel Angel. "Etude du métabolisme du 2-acétylaminofluorène par des cellules de foie de rat en culture : hépatocytes, lignées épithéliales et hépatomes." Dijon, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988DIJOS018.

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Sourdeval, Matthieu. "Etude des mécanismes de l'apoptose (anoikis) induite par les moutardes sur les cellules respiratoires humaines en culture et recherche d'agents protecteurs." Paris 7, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA077165.

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L'ypérite et la méchloréthamine, induisent la mort des cellules des voies respiratoires par apoptose suite au détachement des cellules, ou anoïkis. Les événements précoces générant le détachement comprennent l'altération mitochondriale, l'activation de la caspase-2, l'altération des microfilaments et des protéines d'adhérence. Dans les cellules détachées, l'apoptose fait intervenir les caspases, la mitochondrie et p53. A partir des voies de signalisation mises en évidence, des protecteurs ont été identifiés, inhibiteurs des altérations mitochondriales : ebselen, mélatonine et cyclosporine A. Ils offrent une grande efficacité de protection, en réduisant le détachement et l'apoptose. Nous avons aussi analysé l'effet protecteur de la doxycycline, anti-protéase. Son efficacité de protection est limitée par sa toxicité propre. Cependant, sa capacité d'inhiber la prolifération cellulaire et d'induire une apoptose dépendante de la mitochondrie, pourrait représenter une avancée en chimiothérapie Yperite and mechlorethamine induce cell death in airway cells by apoptosis related to cell detachment, or anoikis. Preliminary processes generating detachment included mitochondria alteration, activation of caspase-2, disruption of microfilaments network and reorganization of adhesion membrane proteins. After detachment, the apoptotic process involved the implication of caspases, mitochondria and p53. According to these signaling pathways, we identified protectors, inhibitors of mitochondrial alteration: ebselen, melatonin and cyclosporin A. They exerted a protective effect in decreasing both cell detachment and cell death and provided maintain of microfilaments and adhesion proteins, thus contributing to the cell survey. A protective effect of doxycyclin, an anti-protease, was also revealed, but limited since it interfered with its own toxicity. However, doxycyclin induces cell proliferation inhibition and mitochondrial-dependent apoptosis, representing new insight in cancer therapy

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Shahiduzzaman, Md. "Combination of cell culture and quantitative PCR (cc-qPCR) for assessment of efficacy of drugs and disinfectants against Cryptosporidium parvum." Doctoral thesis, Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2010. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-20100316-075533-2.

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Cryptosporidium parvum is an obligatory intracellular parasitic protist that belongs to the phylum Apicomplexa. Cryptosporidiosis is an infection for which no satisfactory efficient curative treatment is known, especially in immunocompromised individuals. Furthermore, the parasite oocysts show considerable tenacity in the environment. Therefore, new potent drugs along with a simple and reliable experimental model for evaluation of anticryptosporidial measures are urgently needed. The present studies were undertaken to establish a combined cell culture and quantitative PCR assay (cc-qPCR) to assess efficacy of pharmacological compounds against C. parvum. Human ileocecal adenocarcinoma cells (HCT-8) were selected for culture of C. parvum. Oocysts were excysted directly on confluent monolayers for infection. After 3 h of incubation the non invasive parasite remains were removed by washing. At the end of the incubation period the cells were harvested and subjected to DNA extraction. Real time PCR was performed to quantify the target parasite DNA (fragments of 70 kDa heat shock protein gene) copy numbers. Each reaction was run in triplicate. A standard curve calculated on the basis of serial dilutions of plasmid DNA or infected control culture DNA was run in each experiment. A series of oocyst suspensions were applied to cell cultures to determine the sensitivity of the cc-qPCR assay and also to generate a calibration curve to calculate the infectivity of oocysts. A dilution series of heat inactivated oocysts (70°C for 1 h) were used to determine the size of the oocyst inoculum at which complete elimination of extracellular parasite material by washing is reliably achieved. The results obtained by the assays were reproducible and the method sensitive with a detection limit of infection with 10 oocysts 48 h post infection (p.i.) and with 100 oocysts 24 h p.i. Percent effects of drugs and disinfectants were enumerated by comparing DNA copies between treated and non treated samples. The suitability of cc-qPCR for screening of pharmacological compounds was validated by confirming the in vitro efficacy of monensin (98.15% ± 1.09 at 0.144 µM) and halofuginone (98.05% ± 0.59 at 25 µM) over the entire incubation period with a dose dependent reduction of parasite multiplication demonstrated 27 h p.i. The inhibition of parasite proliferation by 0.144 µM monensin in the period from 3 h p.i (time defined to represent the initial level of parasite development before drug application) to 27 h p.i. or 45 h p.i. was 97 and 99% respectively, and by 25 µM halofuginone 99% (27 h p.i.). Hexadecylphosphocholine (miltefosine), a new anti-leishmanial compound, was tested against cryptosporidia and provided a maximum of 98% reduction of parasite multiplication at 45 h p.i. The potential activity of curcumin (extract from the herb Curcuma longa) against C. parvum was also evaluated by cc-qPCR. Curcumin appeared to be sensitive to degradation after prolonged incubation and the observed inhibition of multiplication of C. parvum was significantly increased when medium was replaced by fresh medicated medium after 12 h of exposure. The effects on parasite multiplication (>95% inhibition with IC50 value of 13 µM) and on sporozoite invasion (assessed 3 h p.i.; 65% inhibition at 200 µM) suggest that further exploration of anticryptosporidial efficacy of curcumin may be rewarding. The cc-qPCR was further optimized to analyse inactivation measures directed against oocysts of C. parvum. The suitability of the assay for assessment of inactivation measures was confirmed by the reproducible demonstration of effectiveness of cresolic disinfectants at the recommended concentration of 4% and incubation period of 2 h (Neopredisan® 135-1, Menno Chemie, Norderstedt, Germany: 99.91% ± 0.08; Aldecoc® TGE, EWABO Chemikalien GmbH & Co. KG, Wietmarschen, Germany: 99.91± 0.05) and by using thermally inactivated oocysts (complete inactivation by 56°C and 70°C for 20 min). Based on the in vitro results and previously obtained data from the chicken infection model 99.5% inactivation is proposed as a suitable threshold value that needs to be consistently exceeded by a product to be considered efficient. Application of Neopredisan® 135- 1 and Aldecoc® TGE (4% for 2h) consistently inactivated more than 99.5% of oocysts while other disinfectants that are not certified as anticoccidial products like Aldecoc® XD (EWABO Chemikalien GmbH & Co. KG, Wietmarschen, Germany) and IGAVET® FF spezial (COS OHLSEN Chemie & Gerätevertrieb GmbH, Geltorf-Esprehm, Germany) and bleach (sodium hypochlorite) did not. It can be concluded that the cc-qPCR method is suited to easily and reliably assess anticryptosporidials in vitro. The method demonstrated that miltefosine and curcumin display anticryptosporidial efficacy under the applied conditions. The cc-qPCR is a highly standardized method supposedly appropriate to replace the chicken infection model for Eimeria tenella as currently practised for certification of anticoccidial disinfectants according to the guidelines of DVG (German Veterinary Society).

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