Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Culture biologique'
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Li, Li. "Vieillissement de la peau : approches biométrologique (topographie et microcirculation) et biologique (biologie du fibroblaste dermique in vitro)." Besançon, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005BESA3009.
Full textSkin ageing is mainly characterized by the deterioration of the cutaneous texture and the formation of wrinkles. Ln this work, the evolution of the microrelief and the wrinkles have been studied using methods of descriptive, photographic scales and projection of fringes. The results show that the earliest and most marked wrinkles are those of the crow's feet as a result of the local muscles repeated movements. They are more marked in the Caucasian population compared with the Chinese population, and in the population of the South compared with the North (effect of UV). Besides, the dermal structure, the proliferation and the metabolism of the fibroblasts of the wrinkle (elastin, collagens I/III, capacity of retraction) were studied by immuno-histological colorings, the technique of monolayer and tri-dimensional culture modal. These investigations in the mechanisms of cutaneous ageing help to design better strategies in dermato-cosmetology treatments
Abdelgafour, Djamila. "Epuration biologique des effluents a forte charge." Lyon, INSA, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989ISAL0045.
Full textLIU, XUE-WU. "Etude du comportement physiologique et biologique d'algues marines en culture in vitro." Paris 6, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA066217.
Full textTachapattaworakul, Thunwadee. "Optimisation de la culture et de la traçabilité de la culture de Trichoderma atroviride destiné à la lutte biologique." Montpellier 2, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006MON20076.
Full textHamdi, Imane. "Impact biologique de biomolécules extraites de microalgues sur des cellules mammifères en culture." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLE019.
Full textMicroalgae form a group of diverse oceanic or clean water microorganisms. They are unicellular or multicellular, eukaryotic or prokaryotic microscopic organisms. Thanks to their diversity and speed reproduction, microalgae represent an untapped source that offers great opportunities for the isolation of original natural molécules with putative interest for food, health or biotechnological applications.In the recent years, microalgae have been the subject of intensive investigation notably for the discovery of anti-proliferative and candidate anticancer biomolecules. In this context, the present work aimed to extracting and purifying bioactive molecules from the microalgae N. gaditana acting on the cytoskeleton and more particularly on the microtubule network.A combined approach based on analytical chemistry and biological screening led us to extract and identify three families of substances: lipids (Triglycerides and fatty acids), pigments and phthalates. The first two families are known for their presence in microalgae. However, this study is the first one to show the presence of phthalates in microalgae, particularly in the N. gaditana specie.We then investigated the effect of a pure phthalate (Benzyl butyl phthalate: BBP) on the microtubules network of HeLa cells. This compound revealed to induce alterations of microtubules and that this effect became more important in the presence fatty acid (linoleic acid). This effect was associated with an induction of formation of lipid droplets. We also invastigated the impact of a type of pigment, Pheophorbide A, on cell morphology and on the microtubule network. This molecule appeared to have a direct or indirct effect on the polymerization of tubulin.Finally, we evaluated the interest of a biotechnological process based on the solubilization of hydrophobic phthalate and pheophorbide A in water using a synthetic triblock molecules studied in water by a synthetic triblock pMeOx-p(THF)-pMeOx polymer. This process revealed a significant gain of activity of these two molecules.Altogether, our results show that N. gaditana contains active biomolecules with putative interest to block cell division. They may be in the future a candidate molecules notably to fight cancer
Gigon, Vincent. "Optimisation de la lutte biologique contre l'acarien Tetranychus urticae en culture de tomate." Thesis, Rennes, Agrocampus Ouest, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016NSARA080/document.
Full textTo suppress pest populations to such levels that damage to thecrop is minimized, multiple biological control agents are oftenintroduced in greenhouses. However, negative interactionsamong them, such as intraguild predation, might appear thatcan decrease the effi ciency of the plant protection strategy.Furthermore, plant direct (physical or chemical) defenseshave a negative impact on the pests but might also have animpact on the natural enemies. Therefore, the question iswhether it is possible to limit the negative interactions amongbiological control agents and the infl uence of the crop on thebehavior and development of the natural enemies. To optimizebiological control of Tetranychus urticae, a very problematicpest in tomato greenhouses, the effi ciency of the predatorymite Phytoseiulus macropilis was tested on two cultivars withdifferent trichome densities and concentrations of secondarycompounds, in presence or absence of Macrolophus pygmaeus,a mirid often used to regulate whitefl y populations.During two years, under greenhouse conditions, P. macropiliswell-controlled the population of T. urticae. There was no evidenceof intraguild predation between the two predators, butin the presence of M. pygmaeus, P. macropilis tended to havea more clumped spatial distribution. However, in microcosms,M. pygmaeus fed on P. macropilis eggs. Moreover, P. macropilislaid signifi cantly more eggs on the tomato cultivar with thehighest density of non-glandular trichomes, but this resultwas only observed in microcosms. The different dynami
Filali, Rayen. "Estimation et commande robustes de culture de microalgues pour la valorisation biologique de CO2." Phd thesis, Supélec, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00765421.
Full textPatry, Bernard. "Étude de la séparation solide-liquide de l'effluent d'un réacteur biologique à culture fixée." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/27429.
Full textSolid-liquid separation represents a crucial step of biological wastewater treatment processes. It has a large impact on the effluent quality of the facilities. Until now, only few studies were conducted focusing on the separation of solids produced in fixed-film processes. First, the relatively low sludge concentrations do not facilitate bioflocculation making separation less efficient than in activated sludge secondary settlers, where hindered settling occurs. Second, the solids produced in fixed-film biological reactors are mostly sloughed biofilm fragments. The settling potential of that type of particulate matter is quite different from the separation potential of activated sludge. The aim of the present study was to characterize the settleability of solids produced in fixed-film biological reactors. Cells containing BIONEST® inert media allowing the attachment of biomass were incorporated in pilot reactors fed with domestic wastewater. The experimental setup allowed the evaluation of the impact of operating conditions on the settleability of the produced solids. The variables studied were the temperature and organic load. Effluent samples were taken directly downstream the pilot reactors in order to measure the influence of those parameters on the solids’ settling potential. Particle size distributions, settling velocity distributions as well as tests allowing quantification of settleable solids were performed on each sample. The obtained results show that the applied organic load (0,4 to 10 gDBO5Cs/m².d) does not have a statistically significant effect on settleability. The operating temperature (0,1 to 16°C), in contrast, significantly affects solids separability (95% confidence level). The reactors operated at temperatures lower than 14°C allowed the production of solids with the best settling performance (percentage of suspended solids settled and suspended solids concentration after settling). Considering the fact that the settling velocity is a function of particle size, particle size distribution measurements were used to explain the obtained results. Indeed, it can be noted that a larger fraction of large particles (>100 µm) is contained in the effluent of the pilots operated at temperatures between 0,1 and 10°C. The settling performance (central tendencies) as well as the fractions of large particles decreased for pilots operated at temperatures above 10°C.
Laurin-Lanctôt, Sara. "Effet de l'amendement en biochar des sols biologiques pour une culture de tomates sous serre : rétention en nutriments, activité biologique et régie de fertilisation." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/25931.
Full textPierre, Michel. "Diagnostic de la fatigue des sols en culture de blé : analyse de la composante biologique." Dijon, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985DIJOS067.
Full textKarimi, Youch Mahmoud. "Amélioration de la distribution de l'eau d'irrigation pour la culture biologique de la tomate de serre." Thesis, Université Laval, 2010. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2010/28043/28043.pdf.
Full textBréant, Lise. "Etude et valorisation industrielle d'halophytes du littoral breton : biodiversité chimique et biologique." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012STRAF023.
Full textFour halophile species, Silene maritima, Carpobrotus edulis, Senecio cineraria and Limonium latifolium have been studied phytochemically by bioguided fractionation. This work led to the discovery of thirty biologically active compounds able to reduce the production of reactive oxygen species that occur during inflammatory and/or radical stress, and to promote the adipocytary lipolysis. The visualization of the biotope’s impact on the halophyte Silene maritima metabolome helped us to identify markers playing an important role in the adaptative capacity of plants under environmental stress. Analysis of metabolite profiles clearly shows that the same individual harvested at a different moment and/or from a different biotope possesses an extremely variable chemical composition. In order to test elicitor effect, we used plant biotechnology. Finally, we were able to develop in vitro culture conditions permitting initiation of callus from the protected halophile Crambe maritima. The obtained callus could serve to initiate cell suspension, which is suitable for industrial purposes
Landreau, Anne. "Metabolites d'une souche de trichoderma koningii oudemans isolee du milieu marin : etude chimique, biologique et risques pour les coquillages en culture(doctorat chimie biologie)." Nantes, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001NANT10VS.
Full textHyrien, Olivier. "Les processus d'amplification genique : manifestations, signification biologique, mecanismes moleculaires." Paris 6, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA066303.
Full textBlondeaux, Anne. "Contribution à l'étude de la nucléation de l'eau par un agent biologique : Pseudomonas syringae : optimisation du milieu de culture, études physiologique et écologique." Compiègne, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994COMPD745.
Full textCronier-Dussol, Sabrina. "Etude du rôle biologique de la PrP cellulaire et pathologique dans des cultures primaires de cellules nerveuses." Paris 6, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA066580.
Full textBonnin, Alain. "Cryptosporidium parvum : étude biologique en culture in vitro : caractérisation et immunolocalisation de déterminants antigéniques à l'aide d'anticorps monoclonaux." Dijon, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991DIJOMU02.
Full textMasini-Etève, Valérie. "Activité biologique de différentes fractions du plasma humain sur culture de cellules cutanées humaines agressées ou non agressées." Paris 11, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA114851.
Full textLucena, Sérgio. "Commande non linéaire d'un réacteur biologique semi-continu de production de levures." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996INPL143N.
Full textGratecap, Jean-Baptiste. "Agriculture biologique et qualité des eaux dans des aires d’alimentation de captage : diversité des postures techniques d’agriculteurs conventionnels et biologiques et pressions nitrate et pesticide induites." Thesis, Paris, AgroParisTech, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AGPT0059/document.
Full textMany problems with nitrate and pesticide contamination from agriculture exist in European drinking water catchments. In France, a new mitigation approach aims at preventing water quality degradation in explicitly targeting agricultural non-point source pollutions associated with leaching of nitrates and pesticides. This work aims at assessing the opportunity to develop organic farming in water catchment areas in order to reduce nitrate and pesticide leaching from root zone. The objective was to analyze both i) feasibility of conversions to organic farming on farms concerned by water preservation and ii) the potential impacts of these conversions in terms of nitrate and pesticide leaching reduction.To explore the potential contribution of organic farming in water catchment areas, we develop an innovative typology approach to characterize farmers’ conceptions and strategies related to cropping systems’ organization on the farm territory. Our method was tested in two French water catchment areas characterized by diversified production systems, where semi-structured interviews were carried out with conventional and organic farmers. Resulting typologies of farmers were used to assess leaching risks variability related with current cropping systems and to identify potential similarities between conventional and organic farmers’ conceptions. Nitrate and pesticide leaching risks for cropping systems were assessed and spatialized by using four agro-environmental indicators. Our results show major variations for all indicators at both study sites, for example N-surpluses which range from -105 to 192 kg N ha-1 year-1. These variations are deeply related with diversity of farmers’ conceptions summarized in typologies. To assess proximity of conventional farmers to organic farming, we used typologies to compare conceptions related to organization of cropping systems between conventional and organic farmers. By analyzing specificities of organic farmers’ conceptions, we determined three main criteria of proximity to organic farming; these criteria were then used to identify various degrees of proximity to organic farming among conventional farmers in the catchment areas.To assess potential contribution of organic farming to water preservation in catchment areas, we firstly compared nitrate leaching risks between conventional and organic cropping systems. Our results reveal low leaching risks from organic systems, characterized by reduced N-surpluses and lower bare soils frequencies in autumn. According to these results, massive development of organic farming should decrease nitrate leaching in our two water catchment areas. However, analysis of similarities between conventional and organic farmers’ conceptions shows that a majority of farmers are characterized by a low level of proximity to organic farming. Moreover, the farmers who show strongest similarities with organic farmers’ conceptions are already those with low leaching risks cropping systems. To significantly lower nitrate leaching risks, conversions should concern conventional farmers with low degree of proximity to organic farming
Dembele, Diomiho Monique. "Production de verdurettes biologiques : niveaux de fertilisation et biostimulants." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/68778.
Full textAmong the fresh produce that can be grown in urban settings or in buildings, the production of nutrient-rich baby leafy vegetables or microgreens is booming. The management of fertilization applied to organic cultivation remains a major determinant of the agronomic performance of greenhouse crops and of product quality. In addition, several studies reported that biostimulants can lead to higher biomass and improve the quality of several vegetables and fruits by increasing nutrient uptake and plant resilience to abiotic and biotic stresses. However, little is known about the optimal fertilization and the benefits of adding biostimulants to organic growing media. Therefore, this project aimed to evaluate the effect of (1) 5 concentrations of organic fertilization (0%; 50%; 100%; 150%; 200%) for 3 growing media (without or with mycorrizae, seaweed and humates), (2) reusing the growing media and (3) 11 biostimulants (Bacillus pumilus, seaweed extract, triacontanol vermicompost, Trichoderma harzianum, humic acid, CaSiO3, insect fertilizer, frass and meal of Hermetia illucens and control) on 6 species of microgreens. The growing media had significant effects on plant biomass. The growing medium amended with mycorrhizae, algae and humic acids increased the total fresh and dry biomass of shiso, basil and lettuce, while no gain in productivity was observed for spinach and Swiss chard. For chicory, only the total dry biomass was increased. Spinach and Swiss chard had the highest biomass with 200% fertilization, while chicory, shiso, basil and lettuce achieved optimal yield with 100 and 150%. In general, a positive correlation was observed between yield, nutrient uptake and mineral availability. However, the nutrient use efficiency decreased with increasing rates of fertilization. The fertilization treatments had a significant effect on leaf NO3 content, which increased with N concentration. However, leaf NO3 content was within the standards of the European Commission EUn°1258/2011; 2000-7000 mg NO3/kg spinach according to species and seasons. When reusing the growing media, similar effects of fertilizer x growing medium treatments were observed. However, biostimulants had few significant effects on yield and the photobiological parameters. This could be explained by the short growth cycle, added to the lack of stress in the plants. Frass resulted in an increase in the biological activity of the growing medium compared with the control without any biostimulant, but reduced yield which could imply a possible immobilization and/or use of nutrients by soil microorganisms, while humic acid decreased the FDA.
Vallières, Marise. "Comparaison de méthodes de refroidissement et de déshumidification pour une production en serre de tomates biologiques." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/29481.
Full textTian, Jianghao. "Étude d'un prétraitement biologique des biomasses lignocellulosiques par une approche microbiologique et de bioprocédé." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016REN1S099/document.
Full textThe aim of the PhD project is to characterize bacterial populations potentially capable of degrading lignin within crop residues to optimize the bioavailability of holocellulose compartment to be valorized by anaerobic digestion. The originality of the subject lies in finding ligninolytic bacteria using approaches combining the isolation of strains and technique of molecular biology, and the application of these microorganisms on a reactor scale, as part of pretreatment of crop residues. Firstly, research work was carried out to find and identify potentially interesting micro-organisms and characterize their specific enzyme systems. Secondly, studies have been conducted on the application of micro-organisms isolated for a biological pretreatment of rape straw. Pretreatments were carried out in a series of laboratory reactors dedicated to follow the effect in real time. A method allowing the quantification of the cellulose accessibility for cellulases in substrate was established. In parallel, high-throughput sequencing analysis was performed to monitor and/or characterize the bacterial and archaeal communities in the reactors. The results obtained have shown that the main factor influencing the degradation of the straw was not the presence of ligninolytic strains which could not influence the development of endogenous community, but the supply of some nutrients included in a mixture with lignin and mineral salts which could enrich a particularly active community. The data obtained in the thesis allowed to capitalize knowledge on the biodegradation of lignocellulosic biomass. This prospective study allowed the consideration of using the biological pretreatments developed at the upstream of biogas and biofuel sectors
Barbouche, Naziha. "Réponse biologique de cellules animales à des contraintes hydrodynamiques : simulation numérique, expérimentation et modélisation en bioréacteurs de laboratoire." Thesis, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008INPL075N/document.
Full textThe global response of animal cells to hydrodynamic stress when cultivated in suspension in stirred tank reactors was studied. To do this, an integrative approach coupling biochemical engineering and fluid mechanics tools were used. First, the description of the global and local hydrodynamics of two bench-scale agitated reactors, a spinner flask and a bioreactor, was carried out. Then, macroscopic kinetics of CHO cells cultivated in a serum and protein-free medium were obtained at various agitation rates, in order to evaluate the impact of agitation on cellular growth and death, as well as substrates consumption and metabolites and recombining IFN-[gamma] production. IFN-[gamma] and cells physiological state were more precisely characterised by glycosylation, apoptosis state and intracellular proteins measurements. The effects of the agitation increase were represented by several global correlations that related: (i) in a medium containing Pluronic F68, the Integral of the Viable Cells Density to the Reynolds number, and the proportion of lysed cells with the average value of energy dissipation rate <[epsilon]? (ii) in a medium without pluronic, specific cell growth and death rates to <[epsilon]. Moreover, CFD analysis of the stress distribution indicated that the cellular lysis observed in the bioreactor at the highest agitation rate, would be related to very high local values of [epsilon], and to the exposure frequency of the cells in these energetic zones. An original hydro-kinetic model based on the intermittency of turbulence and coupling the local hydrodynamics with cell growth and death kinetics, allowed the prediction of the massive cell lysis observed in the bioreactor under some mixing conditions. To decouple shear stress effects from oxygen transfer improvement, the oxygen transfer coefficient was experimentally measured and modelled using a Volume Of Fluid numerical simulation. Our results indicated the absence of an oxygen limitation, which confirmed that this cell response resulted from the hydrodynamic stress increase alone. Lastly, an innovative continuous and perfused Couette-Taylor reactor, allowing a better-controlled hydrodynamic environment was designed and sized. Its hydrodynamic description was carried out using CFD calculations
Champeil, Agnès. "Contribution à la compréhension des effets des systèmes de culture sur l'infection des cultures de blé tendre d'hiver par la fusariose et la contamination des grains par les mycotoxines associées." Paris, Institut national d'agronomie de Paris Grignon, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004INAP0015.
Full textJean-Paul, Carline. "Effets de l'enrichissement en oxygène de la solution nutritive chez une culture de tomate biologique inoculée ou non avec des agents." Thesis, Université Laval, 2009. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2009/26887/26887.pdf.
Full textJean-Paul, Carline. "Effet de l'enrichissement en oxygène de la solution nutritive chez une culture de tomate biologique inoculée ou non avec des agents." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/21837.
Full textMoulin, Florence. "Etude des interactions Pythium spp. - Pseudomonas spp. Fluorescents dans la rhizosphère du concombre : application à la lutte biologique en culture hors-sol." Lyon 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994LYO10098.
Full textEyraud, Patrick. "Epuration des lixiviâts de décharge par lit bactérien à ruissellement : traitabilité du lixiviât de Menneville, : étude de perturbateurs chimiques." Lyon, INSA, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989ISAL0043.
Full textThe waste water from landfills must be treated in order to eliminate a maximum of pollutants prior to returning to nature. Research areas have been carried out by the LCPAE of INSA Lyon on trickling filter treatments. First, we studied the treatability of the landfill leachate from Menneville (Pas-de-Calais) owned by FRANCE-DECHETS. This work carried out on a semi-industrial pilot, allowed us to established the efficiency of the trickling filters in treating leachates which contain a pollution generally due to volatile fatty acids (VFA). The second part of this work consists in an approach to estimate the concentration limits supported by biological treatment. We tested four types of products: sodium salts, chlorides, sulphured products and heavy metals. This research was carried out on laboratory scales pilots. Their. Their size is one hundredth of the semi-industrial pilot. We designed a synthetic leachate of well defined composition. We followed the VFA graduation. The kinetic is an apparent order 1. We determine for each experiment kt, the no perturbation constant, kp, the perturbation experiment constant. The comparison of the different products is based on C0,5 concentration for which kp/kt=0,5. Our study confirms the toxicity of certain products but the notion of reference toxic substances for ClCd2, 2,5 h2o must be revised. This work emphasizes the fact that we have to speak of the toxicity of a product but not only of the ion one. By developing this research, we hope to obtain a better knowledge of the ability of trickling filter to support toxic substances
Gubanti, Paul. "Contribution à l'étude de l'efficacité de la coccinelle aphidiphage Coccinella septempunctata L (Col. Coccinellidae) en culture céréalière sous climat méditerranéen." Aix-Marseille 3, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988AIX3A001.
Full textKoumanov, Françoise. "Evaluation biologique d'analogues iodés du glucose : étude de leurs interactions avec le transporteur." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996GRE10115.
Full textDion, Pierre-Paul, and Pierre-Paul Dion. "Minéralisation et prélèvement direct de l'azote organique dans les cultures légumières biologiques en serre." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/37893.
Full textDevant la complexité du cycle de l’azote (N) et la variété de ses formes disponibles dans le sol, la planification de la fertilisation de cet élément repose sur des calculs et considérations complexes. La fertilisation biologique a de particulier que l’N est apporté sous forme organique, alors que les plantes le prélèvent principalement sous forme minérale. La disponibilité de l’N repose donc sur une minéralisation efficace des amendements. Cette situation peut mener des producteurs à surfertiliser, entraînant des pertes financières et d’N dans l’environnement. Parvenir à une meilleure synchronisation de la minéralisation de l’N avec les besoins de la plante est donc crucial pour le développement de la serriculture biologique, où les besoins en azote des cultures sont de loin plus élevés qu’au champ. De plus, la capacité de certaines plantes à prélever directement l’N sous forme organique est souvent considérée négligeable en agriculture, mais pourrait être plus importante qu’on ne le croit, contribuant ainsi substantiellement au bilan d’N de la plante. Les objectifs généraux de ma thèse étaient de : (1) évaluer les taux de minéralisation de fertilisants biologiques couramment utilisés en culture légumière sous serre au Québec ; (2) étudier l’impact de différentes sources fertilisantes sur la biodiversité des bactéries du sol ; (3) étudier la capacité du concombre à prélever l’N directement sous forme organique ; et (4) développer et valider un outil de gestion de la fertilisation biologique azotée. Une expérience d’incubation de cinq fertilisants biologiques d’usage commun en serriculture biologique a été menée. La minéralisation de l’N a plafonné dans un sol minéral et un substrat tourbeux à, respectivement, 41 et 63 % de l’N appliqué pour le fumier de poule granulé, 56-93 % pour la farine de sang, 54-81 % pour la farine de plume, 34-43 % pour la farine de luzerne et 57-73 % pour la farine de crevette. Dans un sol minéral, la biodiversité bactérienne alpha (indice Shannon) a été augmentée par l’apport de farine de luzerne, alors que dans un substrat organique à base de tourbe, ce sont la farine de crevette et le fumier de poule granulé qui l’ont le plus augmentée. En se basant sur ces résultats, le modèle NLOS a été adapté à la serriculture biologique pour produire le nouveau modèle NLOS-OG. Cet outil a été validé en serres expérimentales et commerciales et a permis une prédiction satisfaisante de la disponibilité d’N minéral pour une culture en sol minéral, ainsi que de la minéralisation cumulative de fertilisants appliqués dans un sol ou un substrat tourbeux. Par contre, de la recherche spécifique à la dynamique de l’eau dans les cultures biologiques en contenants sera nécessaire afin de prédire adéquatement la disponibilité de l’azote dans ce système. Une interface web est disponible pour les agronomes et producteurs (https://exchange.iseesystems. com/public/pierrepauldion/nlos-og/). Le contenu en C et N solubles du substrat biologique d’une culture de concombre en serre biologique a été positivement corrélé au contenu en C et N organiques de la sève du xylème et aux solides solubles du fruit, suggérant un prélèvement et un transfert de C et N organiques vers les parties aériennes et les fruits. Dans une seconde expérience, en milieu contrôlé, de jeunes plants de concombre ont été exposés à une solution d’alanine enrichie en 13C et 15N. En combinant l’utilisation de molécules marquées à une position spécifique (Position-specific labelling) et l’analyse isotopique spécifique au composé (Compound-specific isotopic analysis), nous avons développé une approche innovatrice permettant de suivre le métabolisme de l’assimilation de l’N issu d’un acide aminé prélevé par les racines. Nous avons ainsi démontré que les racines peuvent prélever et assimiler l’N sous forme organique, surtout en situation de rareté de l’N. Elles ont toutefois une nette préférence pour les formes inorganiques (nitrate et ammonium). Les contributions scientifiques découlant de cette étude doctorale sont : (1) une meilleure connaissance de la minéralisation des fertilisants biologiques azotés ; (2) l’intégration de ces taux de minéralisation dans un outil de gestion de l’N applicable en serriculture biologique; et (3) une meilleure compréhension du prélèvement et de l’assimilation de l’azote organique par des plants de concombre. Ces connaissances permettront une meilleure planification de la fertilisation à base de matière organique, et par conséquent un accroissement de la durabilité de la serriculture biologique.
Because of the complexity of the nitrogen (N) cycle and the diversity of its molecule forms in the soil, N fertilization management is based on complex calculations and considerations. For organic farming, N is provided via organic amendments and biological fixation. However, lack of precise tools that predict the N mineralization rate of N sources leads some producers to over-fertilize, resulting in the buildup of salinity, N leaching and possible loss of profits. Consequently, better knowledge of N availability following organic fertilization, to improve synchronization of N supply with crop N demand, is crucial to advance sustainable organic horticulture. In addition, the capacity of plants to take up N directly as organic molecules is seldom considered in agriculture and could be higher than previously thought, contributing significantly to the plant’s N budget. The objectives of this thesis were to: (1) evaluate the mineralization rates from organic fertilizers commonly used in greenhouse vegetable horticulture in Quebec; (2) study the impact of different fertilizer sources on soil bacterial diversity; (3) study the capacity of cucumber plants to take up and assimilate N directly as organic molecules; and (4) develop and validate a N management tool for organic fertilization. An incubation experiment with five organic fertilizers commonly used in organic greenhouse horticulture was performed. Nitrogen mineralization plateaued for a mineral soil and a peat substrate at respectively 41 and 63% of applied N for pelleted poultry manure, 56-93% for blood meal, 54-81% for feather meal, 34-53% for alfalfa meal, and 57-73% for shrimp meal. Organic fertilizers supported markedly contrasted bacterial communities, closely linked to soil biochemical properties, especially mineral N, pH and soluble C. Alfalfa meal promoted the highest alpha diversity (Shannon index) in the mineral soil, whereas shrimp meal and pelleted poultry manure increased it in the peat-based growing medium. Based on those results, we adapted the NLOS model to organic greenhouse horticulture and developed the new model NLOS-OG. This tool was validated in commercial and experimental greenhouses. It yielded a satisfying prediction of mineral N availability in a greenhouse crop grown in native mineral soil, and for the cumulative mineralization of fertilizers applied in a soil or organic substrate. However, further research should focus on water dynamics in containerized organic crops in order to achieve a precise prediction of N availability in that cropping system. A free web interface for NLOS-OG is now available for agronomists and growers (https://exchange. iseesystems.com/public/pierrepauldion/nlos-og/).In a greenhouse experiment, the C and N content of soil solution was positively linked to the xylem sap C and N content of mature cucumber plants and appeared to contribute to the accumulation of soluble solids in cucumber fruits, suggesting uptake and transfer of soil soluble organic N and C to the shoot and fruits. In a second experiment, in a growth chamber, young cucumber plants were exposed to 13C- and 15N-labelled alanine. By combining two methods, i.e., the use of Position-specific labelling (PSL) of alanine and Compound-specific isotopic analysis (CSIA) of free amino acids, we developed a novel approach allowing the study of the mechanism of the assimilatory metabolism of an amino acid taken up by the roots. We demonstrated that their roots can take up and assimilate N as organic molecules, although they showed a preference for inorganic N forms (nitrate and ammonium). The scientific contributions from this doctoral study are: (1) a better knowledge of the nitrogen release from nitrogen organic fertilizers; (2) the integration of mineralization rates into a N management tool adapted to organic greenhouse horticulture; and (3) a better understanding of the uptake and assimilation of organic N by cucumber plants. This knowledge will contribute to a better planning of N fertilization based on organic matter, thus increasing the sustainability of organic greenhouse horticulture.
Because of the complexity of the nitrogen (N) cycle and the diversity of its molecule forms in the soil, N fertilization management is based on complex calculations and considerations. For organic farming, N is provided via organic amendments and biological fixation. However, lack of precise tools that predict the N mineralization rate of N sources leads some producers to over-fertilize, resulting in the buildup of salinity, N leaching and possible loss of profits. Consequently, better knowledge of N availability following organic fertilization, to improve synchronization of N supply with crop N demand, is crucial to advance sustainable organic horticulture. In addition, the capacity of plants to take up N directly as organic molecules is seldom considered in agriculture and could be higher than previously thought, contributing significantly to the plant’s N budget. The objectives of this thesis were to: (1) evaluate the mineralization rates from organic fertilizers commonly used in greenhouse vegetable horticulture in Quebec; (2) study the impact of different fertilizer sources on soil bacterial diversity; (3) study the capacity of cucumber plants to take up and assimilate N directly as organic molecules; and (4) develop and validate a N management tool for organic fertilization. An incubation experiment with five organic fertilizers commonly used in organic greenhouse horticulture was performed. Nitrogen mineralization plateaued for a mineral soil and a peat substrate at respectively 41 and 63% of applied N for pelleted poultry manure, 56-93% for blood meal, 54-81% for feather meal, 34-53% for alfalfa meal, and 57-73% for shrimp meal. Organic fertilizers supported markedly contrasted bacterial communities, closely linked to soil biochemical properties, especially mineral N, pH and soluble C. Alfalfa meal promoted the highest alpha diversity (Shannon index) in the mineral soil, whereas shrimp meal and pelleted poultry manure increased it in the peat-based growing medium. Based on those results, we adapted the NLOS model to organic greenhouse horticulture and developed the new model NLOS-OG. This tool was validated in commercial and experimental greenhouses. It yielded a satisfying prediction of mineral N availability in a greenhouse crop grown in native mineral soil, and for the cumulative mineralization of fertilizers applied in a soil or organic substrate. However, further research should focus on water dynamics in containerized organic crops in order to achieve a precise prediction of N availability in that cropping system. A free web interface for NLOS-OG is now available for agronomists and growers (https://exchange. iseesystems.com/public/pierrepauldion/nlos-og/).In a greenhouse experiment, the C and N content of soil solution was positively linked to the xylem sap C and N content of mature cucumber plants and appeared to contribute to the accumulation of soluble solids in cucumber fruits, suggesting uptake and transfer of soil soluble organic N and C to the shoot and fruits. In a second experiment, in a growth chamber, young cucumber plants were exposed to 13C- and 15N-labelled alanine. By combining two methods, i.e., the use of Position-specific labelling (PSL) of alanine and Compound-specific isotopic analysis (CSIA) of free amino acids, we developed a novel approach allowing the study of the mechanism of the assimilatory metabolism of an amino acid taken up by the roots. We demonstrated that their roots can take up and assimilate N as organic molecules, although they showed a preference for inorganic N forms (nitrate and ammonium). The scientific contributions from this doctoral study are: (1) a better knowledge of the nitrogen release from nitrogen organic fertilizers; (2) the integration of mineralization rates into a N management tool adapted to organic greenhouse horticulture; and (3) a better understanding of the uptake and assimilation of organic N by cucumber plants. This knowledge will contribute to a better planning of N fertilization based on organic matter, thus increasing the sustainability of organic greenhouse horticulture.
Rakotovololona, Lucia. "Quantification expérimentale et modélisation de la production, des flux d'eau et d'azote en systèmes de culture biologiques." Thesis, Paris, Institut agronomique, vétérinaire et forestier de France, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018IAVF0024.
Full textNowadays, in a context of global changes, addressing the interlinked challenges of food security and environmental impacts is fundamental for the sustainability of agricultural systems. Therefore, the thesis aimed to assess agronomic and environmental performances of organic systems, by coupling the experimental monitoring of a 35 organic fields network in the Northern region of France with modeling the soil-crop continuum, to better understand the underlying processes in water and nitrogen dynamics within those systems, and to promote a more sustainable management.Water drainage and nitrate leaching were assessed by coupling soil, crop and climate data within LIXIM model. Then we analyzed N leaching pattern under diverse organic arable fields to explain its main driving factors. Leaving aside the strong soil type effect and the importance of climatic conditions on drainage, the combination of previous crops and autumn field management appeared to be a key determinant of nitrate leaching in the studied organic systems, as they both drive the amount of soil mineral nitrogen before draining period and explain the position of nitrate in the soil profile. We also showed the dichotomous role of legumes as preceding crop in organic cropping systems and the poor performance of the standard catch crops, sown in late summer in this context.Yield gap of cereals was investigated using a deterministic modeling approach as a diagnosis tool, to contribute in improving the productivity of organic agriculture. The soil-crop model STICS was used to estimate the potential yields of each studied winter wheat and winter triticale crop fields in their given soil and climate conditions. Our results reasserted how nitrogen stress could explain a major part of the yield gap occurring in organic crops and outweigh biotic limiting factors impacts, for cropping systems relying on few or no manures for nitrogen supply.Lastly, we aimed to address the challenge of nitrogen supply in organic arable systems for a better nitrogen use efficiency and improved crop yields. We used the model STICS to simulate the impact of alternative nitrogen management practices by carrying out a numerical experiment in a participatory approach involving farmers, technical advisors and researchers. The findings emphasized the importance of crop succession design and management practices, particularly the implementation of catch crops and the timing of the destruction of perennial legume crops. Optimizing the farmer’s actual practices could then be possible, reducing the potential emissions of nitrogen via leaching or gaseous losses, without decreasing the nitrogen supply for the following crop.Organic arable cropping systems, within the studied soil, technics and climate contexts, can achieve agronomic performances combined with low environmental impacts, with well-managed nitrogen practices
Kahia, Mouna. "Lutte biologique contre deux pucerons ravageurs en serre (Aphis gossypii et Aulacorthum solani) par l'utilisation des microorganismes du sol." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/35001.
Full textThe foxglove aphid Aulacorthum solani (Kaltenbach) and the melon aphid Aphis gossypii (Glover) are among the most harmful aphids for greenhouse crops. Microbial biological control may be an effective method against these insects. The combination of different microbial agents can increase their efficiency. This work evaluates the efficacy of Beauveria bassiana ANT-03, Bacillus pumilus PTB180 and B. subtilis PTB185, used individually or in combination, to control A. gossypii and A. solani on cucumber and tomato, respectively. In the laboratory, ten L2 larvae of each aphid were placed in Petri dishes containing a tomato leaf or a cucumber leaf disc fixed in the agar plate. These larvae were sprayed with 1 mL of suspensions prepared according to the treatment (Control, B. pumilus, B. subtilis, B. bassiana, B. pumilus+ B. subtilis, B. bassiana+ B. pumilus, B bassiana+B. subtilis, B. bassiana+ B. pumilus+ B. subtilis). The same treatments used in the laboratory were applied in the greenhouse, but adult aphids were used. Laboratory and greenhouse test results revealed that by causing A. solani mortality and by affecting A. gossypii reproduction, both bacteria (B. pumilus PTB180 and B. subtilis PTB185) were able to demonstrate aphicide effect equivalent to that of the commercial product (Bioceres) containing the fungus. When used as a mixture, no additive effect between the three microorganisms studied was observed. Spore survival tests of the two bacteria and the fungus conducted in a greenhouse have shown that they retain a high level of population 106CF U/g fresh leaves up to nine days after the application when used alone or as a mixture. Thus, on plants, the two bacilli do not exhibit antifungal effect against B. bassiana ANT-03.
puceron de la digitale, puceron tacheté de la pomme de terre, puceron du melon, puceron du cotonnier
Jacqua, Guy. "Contribution à l'étude biologique et écologique des principaux Helminthosporium (H. Maydis, H. Turcicum) affectant le mai͏̈s (Zea mays L. ) en Guadeloupe." Montpellier 2, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986MON20105.
Full textGermaini, Marie-Michèle. "Elaboration de céramiques phosphocalciques pour l'ingénierie tissulaire osseuse : étude de l’influence des propriétés physico-chimiques des matériaux sur le comportement biologique in vitro." Thesis, Limoges, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LIMO0003/document.
Full textThis transdisciplinary thesis, carried out in collaboration with the SPCTS laboratory (sciences of ceramic processes and surface treatment) and EA 3842 (Cellular homoeostasis and pathologies) of the University of Limoges, is a research project at the interface between biology and chemistry and was devoted to the study of the influence of the physico-chemical properties of calcium phosphate bioceramics on their biological behavior in vitro.The exploration of the processes of interaction between materials and cells remains a major scientific issue, both from a fundamental and applied point of view for the development of highperformance biomaterials. The ultimate objective is to optimize the therapeutic efficiency of phosphocalcic ceramics as substitute materials for bone regeneration.The first part of the thesis is a general bibliographic review presenting the current issues tackled with the clinical needs and limitations of current studies. Knowledge of the biology of healthy bone tissue as well as the regulatory aspects of the bone remodeling process was also discussed in this chapter. It includes also a bibliographic overview of biomaterials and bone regeneration.Chapter 2 relates to the synthesis and the physico-chemical characterization of ceramic materials. HA (hydroxyapatite: Ca10 (PO4) 6 (OH) 2, SiHA (silicated hydroxyapatite: Ca10 (PO4) 5.6 (SiO4) 0.42 (OH) 1.6 and CHA (carbonated hydroxyapatite: Ca9.5 (PO4) 5.5 (CO3) 0.48 (OH) 1.08 (CO3) 0.23, ceramics each with two different microstructures : dense or porous, have been elaborated and thoroughly characterized (porosity, surface topography, wettability, zeta potential, grain size, pore size and distribution, specific surface area). Chapter 3 describes the experimental approach used for the biological evaluation of the interactions between materials and cells. Biological analyzes were performed with two different cell lines. The pre-osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cell line and the RAW 264.7cell line of monocytes / macrophages, precursors of the steoclasts, (very important for the bone aspects, but less often explored than the osteoblastic lines in the literature). Finally, Chapter 4 reports and comments on the biological results obtained in this work. All biomaterials evaluated are biocompatible, nevertheless, the porous CHA biomaterial was the most promising of the six variants of biomaterials tested
Cerruti, Catherine. "Etude, sur des neurones en culture primaire, du transporteur de la dopamine, au moyen d'un inhibiteur spécifique, la BTCP : pharmacologie, influence sur la maturation neuronale, neuroprotection." Montpellier 2, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991MON20167.
Full textGiordano, Simona. "Agriculture traditionnelle et innovante.Le secteur vitivinicole biologique : une comparaison entre Les Pouilles (Italie) et le Languedoc-Roussillon (France)." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015MON30019/document.
Full textIn a global context characterized by a systemic and multi-faceted crisis, it is clear that the changes that could be defined structural and continuous (climate change, increasing pressure on renewable resources, population growth) are associated with a dramatic economic crisis whose consequences are still not entirely predictable in terms of deepening poverty, contraction of international markets, credit crunch and prospects for development. In this context, agriculture is facing decisive challenges, of uncertain outcome, especially in some regions of the world; the development patterns that emerge are different and are combined, on the one hand, in an agricultural sector "family" still very fragile and, on the other hand, in a capitalist-like farming more and more dominant. However, just by the crisis situation mentioned, it seems that new opportunities can be born, although in the long run; the rift that has arisen and the breaking of the schemes have revealed the vulnerability of agricultural and agro-food systems placing its focus on the need for innovation and on questioning the development models. In a context and in a time of enormous uncertainty, varying the values and norms underlying the society, they must show creative and reinvent the way of producing, processing and distribution of agricultural products in the long period that takes into account the territories and the communities that live there, all focusing attention on the concept of sustainability. In the framework of sustainable development, different farming and agro-food systems moved in an agro-ecological perspective, promoting local food systems. These ones are evolving in parallel, in competition or in complementarity with the dominant production systems, and take different forms depending on whether they themselves emerge in countries where agriculture is at high rate of capital consumption, chemical inputs and fossil energy, or in those countries where the access to such resources is scarce and, consequently, the labor productivity is low. At a global level, it is essential to increase the awareness of the existence of such innovative systems, to capitalize on these experiences, some of which in the embryo, and to bring out a new conceptual paradigm of development in agriculture, all this not only in a technological and organizational perspective. It is necessary to wonder about the state of knowledge necessary to promote sustainable development, calling into question the primacy of scientific knowledge in relation to other types of knowledge and creating new links between research, economic actors, civil society actors and policy makers. Accordingly, it is the agricultural research to play a leading role on the path to innovation, with the understanding that agriculture is no longer called to exercise only a purely productive role, but of complex interactions with the environment and with society as a whole. In a scientific debate that becomes increasingly lively, also thanks to the imminent opening of the event Expo 2015 in Milan, the role is highlighted that, in this process of innovation, each actor can play as well as the characterization of the factors that determine the innovations themselves, in a contrast and comparison of positions on which are the innovative processes really needed and useful for sustainable development. Without any claim of being exhaustive, the present work aims at investigating some aspects of innovation in agriculture and at providing some food for thought about the role that it can play in the journey towards a real development of rural communities , those who live in the territories where agriculture itself finds its “raison d'etre”
Pascault, Noémie. "Réponse des communautés microbiennes du sol à l'apport de résidus de culture : influence des pratiques agricoles et lien avec le fonctionnement biologique du sol." Phd thesis, Université de Bourgogne, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00582567.
Full textPicard, Karine. "Lutte biologique par Pythium oligandrum en culture hors-sol : dynamique des populations, antagonisme et rôle d’une protéine dans l’induction de résistance chez la tomate." Brest, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000BRES0001.
Full textLecron, Jean-Claude. "Caractérisation biologique et physico-chimique d'un facteur "prothymocyte differentiating activity" (ptda) capable de promouvoir la différenciation et l'activation de lymphocytes T humains." Poitiers, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988POIT2270.
Full textLatigui, Ahmed. "Etude de l'incidence de la fertilisation de l'aubergine et de la tomate cultivées hors-sol sur le potentiel biotique de Macrosiphum euhorbiae THOMAS : (Homoptera : Aphididae)." Aix-Marseille 3, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992AIX30023.
Full textTabarant, Perrine. "Effet d'apport de matières organiques sur le contrôle biologique des nématodes parasites du bananier en Guadeloupe." Phd thesis, AgroParisTech, 2011. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-01002831.
Full textChampeil, Agnès/A. "Contribution à la compréhension des effets des systèmes de culture sur l'infection des cultures de blé tendre d'hiver par la fusariose et la contamination des grains par les mycotoxines associées." Phd thesis, INAPG (AgroParisTech), 2004. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00001136.
Full textPerron, Béatrice. "Impact de la nutrition azotée sur l'activité microbienne du milieu de culture et sur la qualité de la tomate et du concombre biologiques de serre." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/31390.
Full textHaddaoui, Olfa. "Étude d'un concept novateur de culture du fraisier en buttes semi-permanentes : évaluation d'un substrat adapté." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/38151.
Full textMéthot, Johane. "Évaluation du potentiel de croissance et de rendement d'une culture de tomates biologiques cultivées dans une serre climatisée à l'aide d'un système géothermique." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/26753.
Full textThis project aims to compare the agronomic effects of an organic tomato semi-closed greenhouse that was fitted with a geothermal air conditioning system to a naturally ventilated greenhouse. Two greenhouses of 228 and 230 m2 were equipped with an air exchanger system using geothermal to cool and dehumidify greenhouse air (semi-closed greenhouse) and natural ventilation (open greenhouse). Comparisons were made during 2012 and 2013 when treatments were permutated. Parameters such as plant growth, yield, fruit caliber and physico-chemical properties were measured. The results demonstrated that the geothermal system has no significant effect on these parameters. The two greenhouses had CO2 concentration targets between 450 µL L-1 and 1000 µL L-1 depending on solar radiation. The quantity of CO2 injected was 11 kg/m2 and 15 kg/m2 in 2012 and 2013 in the semi-closed greenhouse respectively as compared to 24 kg/m2 and 25 kg/m2 in the open greenhouse for the same period. Although CO2 is less injected in the semi-closed greenhouse, concentrations were kept at 638 µL L-1in 2012 and 593 µL L-1in 2013. These concentrations were higher than those obtained in the open greenhouse which were respectively 385 µL L-1and 486 µL L-1in 2012 and 2013. Associated cost of carbon enrichment, was therefore 1,6 to 2,0 higher in the open greenhouse than the semi-closed greenhouse.
Dionne, Ariane. "Conception et mise à l'épreuve d'un prototype de pulvérisation de pupes de trichogrammes pour la lutte biologique contre la pyrale dans la culture du maïs sucré." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/33828.
Full textSweet corn requires many applications of insecticides to control its main pest: the European corn borer (Ostrinia nubilalis) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae). The biological control using Trichogramma is an effective alternative to reduce excessive use of pesticides in sweet corn. However, manual introduction of trichocards is time consuming when used at a large scale and its use remains marginal in Quebec. The mechanized introduction of Trichogramma pupae using a boom sprayer is an innovative and advantageous solution for growers. The objective of this study was to design and test a boom sprayer to introduce Trichogramma ostriniae (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) pupae under real field conditions. For this purpose, T. ostriniae pupae were sprayed at a rate of 800,000 pupae per hectare using a boom sprayer designed at the Department of Soils and Agri-Food Engineering of Université Laval. Trichocards were also introduced at a rate of 500,000 pupae per hectare. Eight releases were made during the 2016 season. Field trials results showed a reduction of 17.21% in the emergence rate of sprayed Trichogramma pupae compared to that of trichocards. Total fertility and longevity of sprayed T. ostriniae females were not negatively affected by spraying; indicating that spraying does not have any impact on their quality. The parasitism rates observed on natural and on sentinel masses were comparable for both methods. In the sprayed plots, all natural masses detected starting from the fifth release were parasitized whereas no mass detected before the fifth release was parasitized. At harvest, spray and trichocards treatments resulted in an adequate control of the European corn borer during the 2016 season. In addition, spraying was 1.7 times faster than the manual introduction of trichocards. However, the spraying cost per hectare per release was 30% higher than that of the use of trichocards due to the costs associated with the guar and the xanthan gums, the main components of the spray solution. Overall, the results indicate that spraying is a promising technique for an efficient and viable introduction of Trichogramma pupae. More research on larger plots with a strong history of European corn borer is recommended to further optimize the spraying parameters and thus make this technique more affordable. The spraying system successfully used in sweet corn could also be adapted to other crops such as pepper, beans, and potatoes to control the European corn borer.
Daligault, Franck. "Contribution à l'étude de bioconversions utilisant la microalgue Chlorella sorokiniana : : aspects mécanistiques de la désaturation ; oxydation de thioéthers par des cellules entières." Rennes 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001REN10063.
Full textSarrafzadeh, Mohammad Hossein. "Contraintes physiologiques et technologiques liées à la production en conditions industrielles d'un microorganisme entomopathogène." Montpellier 2, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005MON20124.
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