Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Culture civique'
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Mabboux, Carole. "Cicéron et la Commune : présence(s) d’une autorité rhétorique et politique dans la culture civique citadine : (XIIIe-XIVe siècles)." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016GREAH036.
Full textCicero’s writings on rhetoric (De inventione, Rhetorica ad Herennium) and on society (De officiis, De amicitia, De senectute) are well known in Italian city-states of Late Middle Ages. Lay intellectuals often use the character and his texts in order to give a model of perfect citizen and of successful political speech. Considered as an auctoritas, Cicero’s precepts on rhetoric are invested in ars concionandi, intended for the men in power, and transposed in written version in ars dictaminis, in practice in each chancery. Communal notaries and judges are then deeply involved in theoretical elaboration of the rules of an ethically and efficiently good discourse. It is not a surprise to find some of them as first translators of Ciceronian rhetoric in vernacular languages. At the same time, libri de regimine are profiling distinctive aspects of communal government. Promoter of the vita activa and defender of a shared power, Cicero seems to be the perfect spokesman of this project. Quoted in political treatises (sometimes mistakenly), his definitions of common good, of justice or of honestum contribute to the legitimation of a power promoting itself as recollection of Roman republic.Nevertheless, Cicero’s figure is transformed by communal ideals in return. The selection of a few passages of his work reveals a contextualized reading of Cicero’s texts: specific to communal spirit, or even to some urban groups. Using Cicero’s example is not neutral, politically and socially, as we could see exploring the disparate treatment made of his character and his texts in the sources
Biskupovic, Consuelo. "Forger la participation : une ethnographie de la culture civique experte à Santiago du Chili : le cas du réseau de défense de la précordillère." Paris, EHESS, 2015. https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01182670.
Full textThis thesis discusses how a citizen association – the Red de Defensa de la Precordillera (RDP) – turns a forest in the Andes foothills in Santiago, Chile, into a defense, claim and research object. This forest, known as « El Panul », located in La Florida commune, is threatened by real estate projects. Citizens gradually undertake to protect the forest they consider « endangered ». Through an ethnography conducted between 2007 and 2010 with the RDP and other associations and citizens of Santiago, this research addresses how everyday citizens invent ways to participate. It is interested in the strategies used by citizens to try to have an impact in a context characterized by the lack of citizen participation policies. Engaged citizens thus forge their own path of contradictions, mistakes, successes and failures to try to influence in projects that affect them and where they do not feel considered by authorities. In order to describe how RDP members enter politics by making public a controversy about a specific territory, we first analyze how the association is configured and how the members configure the problem of the precordillera. We focus on how, following the 1993 mudslide disaster occurred in Lo Cañas, the precordillera becomes a political cause of the association. We then discuss the post-dictatorship process of collective action (1973-1990) to understand the conditions allowing the emergence of new protests in Santiago. Then we focus on the two main strategies used by the citizens of RDP to show the uniqueness and the importance of El Panul: scientific and legal expertise. Finally, we analyze the role of the affective dimension in democratic exchanges, observing how the success or failure of interactions often depend on emotions, affects or empathy between officials and citizens. This thesis proposes to study the possibilities of participation through ethnography, not from institutional structures, but as a political project created by citizens
Brown, Claire. "Le journal télévisé pour enfants en France et au Royaume-Uni : l'enfant téléspectateur, l'information, l'actualité et la citoyenneté." Thesis, Paris 3, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA030052/document.
Full textThe following dissertation looks at the production of news programmes for children,through a comparison between the French news programme Mon Kanar (2002-2005)and the British news programme Newsround (1972-today). We specifically look atcultural concepts of childhood, and how thèse conceptions influence the longevity of aprogramme Inside a public channel’s programmation (France Télévisions and theBritish Broadcasting Corporation). We look at the child viewer’s projected imageInside the news programme, through not only the presenters and the content of thenews programme but also through the editorial team, the producers, the Children’sprogramme directors, the channel’s personnel, and through the controlling institutionslike the CSA, BBC trust and Ofcom
Crémonèse-Faller, Christine. "L' enseignement de défense globale, entre volontés politiques et réalités de terrain." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013MON30007.
Full textFew voices criticize the teaching of global defence. Nevertheless, it seems that the former pupils, once adults, forget a great deal about these courses. The reasons for this failure are multiple: first, there is the abstract concept of global defence andnational security, which must be added to the fact it is mainly integrated into civics education. Moreover, the management of this teaching depends on two different and rival administrations. Eventually, one should also take into account the lastingdecrease in the army numbers over the past decades. While the risks and threats tend to complicate, alongside with the growing demand of youth for points of reference, the need for such teaching from childhood or preadolescence appears to be vital. a Few years ago, a junior high school and an academy created an educational laboratory to experiment and innovate through a new class system which focused on a global defence project. Several years later, and within a newly national experiment framework, these classes have undoubtedly proved to be a means to motivate the pupils, to develop a common set of core skills, and to open their school on the challenges of today's world
Zida, Raguidissida Emile. "Les industries culturelles dans les pays francophones d'Afrique subsaharienne : cas du Burkina Faso." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018GREAL022/document.
Full textTHESIS SUMMARYAfrica is no exception to the debates on the cultural industries, already in vogue, at the global level. Although well developed in the North, cultural industries are less developed in Africa. In the continent, while some countries have successful models of development in this sector, like Nigeria or South Africa, the cultural industries in francophone countries of sub-Saharan Africa are still in a precarious level. This seems likely due to a late awareness of their issues, socio-political considerations, or a misunderstanding of the roles of the actors. Hence our interest in studying the role of public authorities in the process of cultural industries development in Burkina Faso, through the following subject: Cultural industries in francophone countries of sub-Saharan Africa: case of Burkina Faso. To carry out our reflection on the subject, the methodology consisted as well of a theoretical brusaillage and field investigations, allowing to confirm the hypotheses emitted.In Burkina Faso, the cultural industries are dynamic, by their organization, despite some shortcomings in the development of cultural sectors. This dynamic, favorable to the implementation of major initiatives and cultural events, makes the country as a "cultural crossroads" in Africa. Cultural industries generate considerable social, political and economic impacts for the country. However, these profits are the subject of conflicts between mainly industrial culture sector and the public sector. It is therefore essential that public authorities and cultural private sector work in synergy, with well-defined roles, to take the challenges seriously, for a more viable, dynamic and sustainable sector
Bouzouita, Kerim. "Underground et mainstream : anthropologie des dominations et des résistances musicales." Paris 8, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA084121.
Full textWith the rise of mass media and the industrialization of music and, cultural and media production have become tools of power. Two worlds, the Mainstream versus the Underground, compe in the collective and the scientific imaginaries. In democracies, as in dictatorships, these ideas are often translated into cultures. Both on a global and a local scale, phenomena such as Lady Gaga or Tunisian Rap enable us to grasp the forces at play in these cultures. This thesis is an attempt to clarify the relationship between music, power, and society by examining the very sense of the words « Mainstream » and « Underground » as well as separately the issues, the strategies, the processes, and the discourses related to them. Two main queries are : first, a methodological one that seeks appropriate tools to answer the previous questions in order to grasp the objects of our scientific study ; and, second, one that deals with the specificities and antagonisms of these two objects as well as their impact on the imaginary
Pralong, Sandra. "Does Culture matter ? : regional differences in the development of Romania's civil society (1990-2005)." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008IEPP0047.
Full textThis thesis establishes the existence of large regional variations in Romania’s associative life and seeks to probe whether the origin of such discrepancies is cultural. I reveal that in the Hungarian-speaking enclave of Secui there are up to four-times more associations than in the rest of the country. Also, I show that Transylvania as a whole has a higher associational density and a more vibrant civil society than the rest of the country, in spite of the fact that that the legal and institutional constraints were similar throughout the country when civil society re-emerged in 1989. To assess the relevance of cultural factors as explanatory variables I use Geert Hofstede’s methodology, and find that of all 5 cultural dimensions (Power Distance, Individualism/Collectivism; Masculinity/Femininity; Uncertainty Avoidance and Short/Long Term Orientation), Power Distance and Uncertainty Avoidance seem the most relevant in terms of civil society development
Vetta, Theodora. ""Let’s Get Up!" : NGOs, class and culture in Serbia : an anthropology of democracy aid." Paris, EHESS, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013EHES0526.
Full textThis thesis sets out to unpack the ‘‘associational revolution’’ in Serbia, the boom of local NGOs since the violent Yugoslav dissolution. Far from normative views, celebrating NGOs as democratic incarnations, we have to explain this phenomenon within its dialectical constitution with global systems of political economy, aid, and current neoliberal state restructuring. First, I analyze what democratization actually does, what kind of epistemologies of change it produces, how it collides to local political constellations, how it ‘pathologizes’ history and suggests technologies of the self as a form of social intervention. Second, I examine the politics of culture behind the dominant framework “Democrats vs. Nationalists” through the analytical prism of class: by depicting the ‘‘practical cosmopolitanism’’ that the salon NGOs deploy as a legitimizing strategy for consolidating power; and by analyzing the ‘‘nationalists’’ through class-based experiences of material and symbolic dispossessions. Third, I look at the art of NGOing; how project-making deradicalizes knowledge and political action; what labor patterns it produces through the formation of a local precariat. Finally, I discuss the overstated NGO-State clash through the welfare reform (outsourcing policy/provision). I argue that power hierarchies are instead to be drawn between a technocratic élite of experts, circulating among NGOs-donors-state, and nonprofit and public institutions in service provision, stigmatized for their “resistance”. Aid, I conclude, not only creates the conditions for its own institutional reproduction, but critically partakes to the social reproduction of unequally structured global systems
Shiroya, Tamiyo. "La "spiritualité", une nouvelle forme rhizomique de religiosité : étude comparative s'appuyant sur des festivals de spiritualité au Japon, en France et aux Pays-Bas." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AIXM0419.
Full textThe decline or even disappearance of religion in modern societies is extensively discussed in the field of social sciences and in particular in the world of sociology of religion during the second half of the 20th century.Questioning this view, this thesis aims to account for a new form of religiosity, spirituality, which tends to develop on a worldwide scale, especially in advanced industrial societies, since the late 20th century, penetrating various spheres of social life: leisure, health, nutrition, education, economy, politics, etc.The goal is to provide an overview of this phenomenon, which has been unfolding outside institutionalized religious frameworks, mainly through an individual approach, focusing on links with socio-cultural factors and with traditional religions in three selected societies: Japanese, French, and Dutch. Furthermore, this study is interested in the relationship of this "invisible religion" with the civil society and in its potentialities as a source of multiple commitments.This research is based on fieldwork conducted in festivals dedicated to spirituality, a central expression of spirituality, which this work attempts to assess through qualitative methods: interviews and participant observation are the main approaches. This research makes us understand that spirituality, although globalized, is nuanced and declined nevertheless locally under the influence of political and societal contexts
Couttenier, Mathieu. "Facteurs naturels, influence politique, institutions et culture : une contribution aux causes fondamentales de l'économie du développement." Paris 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA010041.
Full textLempérière, Annick. "Les intellectuels mexicains entre l'Etat et la société civile (1920-1968)." Paris 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA010581.
Full textGallerani, Lucia. "Applicazioni geomatiche nello studio e documentazione del patrimonio artistico-culturale." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2018.
Couvrat, Christine. "La montée en occident d'une culture politique "démocrate radicale" : analyse descriptive du phénomène et mise en relation avec la question de l'intégration rationnelle des sociétés complexes." Paris, EHESS, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004EHES0132.
Full textMURRU, MARIA FRANCESCA. "SFERE PUBBLICHE NELLA RETE. PROMESSE PARTICIPATIVE E UTOPIE COMUNICATIVE." Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/787.
Full textThe notions of deliberation and the frame of the discourse theory of democracy (Habermas, 1996), have inspired a substantial strand of studies focused on the internet’s democratic potential (See e.g. Kellner (1999), Rheingold (1993), and Wilhelm (1999)). The central accomplishment of these various contributions lies in the assessment of the extent to which dialogical exchanges taking place in the cyberspace conform to the normative requirements of the ‘counter-factual ideal’ of public sphere (Dryzek, 1990). However, the contradictions that appear when analyzing practical research findings from a comparative global view, pose a dilemma that deals more with theoretical assumptions rather than with the empirical methods applied. The basic aim of the thesis will be the proposal of a cultural turn in the analysis of online public spheres, inspired by the model of “civil cultures” developed by Dahlgren (2009). For this purpose, two major lines of reasoning will be developed. On one hand, the theoretical roots of the concept of deliberation and the long wave of criticisms drawn out by them, will be explored in order to underscore the intrinsic shortages of the notion. It will be argued that the model of “civic cultures” seems to offer a more adequate analytical frame in order to make sense of the pluralized and fragmented online environment. In fact, its original assumptions offer a real antidote to technological determinism. If it is true that technology only makes sense within a social context from which it receives symbolic and pragmatic meanings (Lievrouw, 2002), we can think of civic cultures as a ‘community of practices’ (Wenger, 1998) within which specific ways of using and interpreting technologies are carried out in order to achieve political and civic purposes. On the other hand, the theoretical path will be supported by the references to an empirical case study that will show how the model can be conveniently used to study what is concretely happening in the living public spheres of the internet. The case study will be focused on Beppegrillo.it, an Italian weblog acting as a communicative platform for the development of a civic and political movement which is lead by Beppe Grillo, a well-known comedian.
Fregonese, Pierre-William. "De cendres et de braises : la stratégie culturelle de la France au XXIe siècle." Thesis, Paris 2, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PA020007.
Full textIn the 21st century, cultural strategy is a crucial component of a State’s overall strategies of power. France, a historically prominent cultural power whose strong diplomatic network structures its foreign cultural action, is being challenged by an emerging international rivalry. In order to maintain its status, France advocates for cultural diversity, as a process complementary to “cultural exception,” by retaining the traditional agents of influence. But in the age of the digital and of immediacy, and with the rise of private agents, the codes of influence are being renewed, which questions the suitability of a foreign cultural action that has largely remained publicly funded
Cerovic, Masha. "Les Enfants de Joseph : les partisans soviétiques : révolution, guerre civile et résistance armée à l'occupation allemande en URSS (1941-1944)." Paris 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA010669.
Full textDeladrière, Sophie. "Les monuments et les symboles religieux sur les monnaies de la province romaine d'Asie d'Auguste à Gallien : Images de la vie cultuelle dans une province de l'Orient romain, sous l'Empire, entre discours impérial et fierté civique (27 avant-268 après J.-C.)." Paris 4, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA040130.
Full textAfter the Roman conquest, cities of the province of Asia, free or not, applied themselves to praising their past or to prolonging the institutions which brought them prestige and wealth during classical and hellenistic ages. The choice of iconographical types, represented on the reverse of their coinages, was always significant. Religious types, representations, portraits or symbols, seem to have filed a really important place in the minting of the asiactic cities during the imperial period. One of the main purposes of this thesis is to show the importance of the representations of monuments and religious symbols on coins of the Roman province of Asia from Augustus to the end of civic coinages, under Gallienus'reign, for the study of religions, religious practices and greek art history
Leonetti, Antoine-Jean. "Les autonomies administratives en matière culturelle en Espagne, au Royaume-Uni et en France." Paris 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA010319.
Full textThe purpose of administrative autonomy in matter of culture is to protect the artist against all political interferences (autonomy of the cultural field towards the political field), and to protect all the expressions of culture, concerning living arts or cultural memory (cultural identities, heritage). Also, autonomous administrations must only deal with cultural subjects. Spain, U. K. And France have experienced various types of autonomy since the renaissance. Today, the autonomy appears in spain in the case of autonomous communities arts departments, in the U. K. With the nations' arts councils (based on the arm's length principle) and the regional arts boards, and in France with the cultural decentralization. The constitutional dispositions about art facilities and multiculturalism - objects of real "cultural constitutions", even if not written - are still very different according to the countries. Although international law and european law are in favour of a recognition of cultural minorities at a national level, france refuses constitutionnally such recognition. Nevertheless, some convergences do appear between the three countries, with the multiplication of autonomies at a local level, and the developpement, by supreme court decisions (Spain) or statutes (France, U. K. ), of concurrent cultural competences between the different public authorities in each country. In france, the notion of "pays" since a 1995 act may compensate today the local authorities' lack of cultural identities. Yet, the strong politisation of arts administration challenges the reality of administrative autonomies in matter of culture
Teixidor, i. Colomer Anna 1978. "Josep Puig Pujades (1883-1949) : cultura, periodisme i pensament polític en el catalanisme republicà." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/108719.
Full textJosep Puig Pujades (1883-1949) was key to the revival of Republicanism. This movement was a direct inheritor of the long federalist tradition in Empordà combined with Progressive Catalanism seen in the first part of the twentieth century. His extensive journalistic and literary writings show the important ideological role he played as an intellectual in the creation of a civic-cultural project as a means of transforming society through the promotion of education and culture. The government positions he held during the Second Republic and responsibilities on the board of Esquerra Republicana de Catalunya helped to consolidate him as one of the leading figures of Catalanist Republicanism before the Spanish Civil War.
Deyts, Rachel. "Homère dans la culture romaine entre la fin de la République et la fin de la dynastie julio-claudienne." Thesis, Paris 4, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA040146.
Full textThis memoir seeks to study the importance of Homer texts in the Roman culture between the beginning of the civil wars and the end of Nero's reign. We will first define how the homeric text corpus has been transmitted with the literary and artistic creations which were born from it, from Greece to Rome, throughout the centuries. We will then try to explain which place Homer occupied in the Romans' daily and private life, particularly speaking of literature and of the decorations of the Pompeian houses; finally, we will examine his importance in public life, for the Republican politicians and for the first principes. Homer, though he was a Greek author, was nonetheless considered as a fundamental reference in Rome. The homeric heroes constant presence in Roman cultural imaginary, in the literature of this time as well as in the artistic productions and in the speeches of the public men, can only make us wonder about this presence and seek to analyse the rôle that these fictional characters played, in this century where a new Rome was being elaborated
Toscano, Elena. "Analisi di immagini satellitari in ambiente GIS nel monitoraggio dei danni antropici al patrimonio archeologico in Siria." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2021.
Stanković, Isidora. "Les discursivités plurielles d'un lieu de mémoire : le patrimoine culturel du Marais à Paris." Thesis, Paris 1, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA01H097.
Full textThe Marais district is today a subject of various representations. For public authorities and heritage institutions, it is a protected area ; in the eyes of certain associations, it is a neighborhood whose heritage still needs to be preserved, beyond the attention than public policies apply to it; for inhabitants and communities, it is a constitutive part of their identity; finally, in the perception of tourist and commercial actors, it is the second most visited Parisian neighborhood by tourists and leisure visitors. This contemporary perception of Marais heritage is a result of a long process. In the early twentieth century, the urbanization projects and decisions of landlords were threatening the private mansions that are today promoted as (the most) important heritage of the district. During the Second World War the project of the area 16, one of the unsanitary Parisian areas, was risking to cause the demolition of the entire sector. The first plan for the preservation and valorization of the Marais, whose elaboration began in 1965, as well as its implementation through rehabilitations, prescribed not only the demolition of buildings of the 19th and 20th centuries, but also planned a relocation of an important number of commercial, industrial and craft facilities. It also aimed the creation of an important tourist and cultural place, a fashionable district. On the other hand, the new 2013 Plan of the Marais aims not only to protect 19th and 20th century buildings, but also to control the effects of gentrification and touristification. Several times through the history of Marais heritage, the civil society triggered the preservation and valorization of the neighborhood. The aim of this thesis is to question this long transition, from the late nineteenth to the early twentyfirst century, by examining the “major chapters” of the heritagization of the Marais. In order to do so, it highlights the main actors involved in the process of heritagization of the neighborhood in the studied period – especially public authorities, cultural institutions, associations, residents, as well as tourism and commercial actors. It intends to shed light on the ways and reasons through which they interpret and transmit the neighborhood’s heritage, and how they influence its preservation. Finally, the thesis intends to question the relationship between the different perceptions of the Marais that these actors create
Gonzalez, Aubin. "Les réseaux culturels et groupes de pression catholiques de l'immigration espagnole en France (1939-1976)." Thesis, Bordeaux 3, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019BOR30053.
Full textStarting from an analysis of the place of the Catholic groups in the transnational mobilization for the Spanish Republic, these pages are dedicated to the different strategies and policy of management developed in the direction of the groups of Spaniards settled in France between 1939 and 1976. Between the end of the Civil War and Franco's death, antifrancoism is far from constituting a group of homogeneous cultural groups and specificities. Following the work carried out in recent years on the cartography of the mobilization in favor of the Spanish Republic, this work analyzes solidarity practices in favor of Republican side between 1936 and 1940, as practices of a political objective emanating from different institutions. Then, in the light of a new international geopolitical situation that favors the emergence of new political labels based on two opposing systems of agreement (Western Bloc, Eastern Bloc), new criteria of identification mark the end of an institutional framework based exclusively on the political labels of the civil war. The maintenance of Franco at the head of Spain forces most groups of Spaniards, whether pro or antifranquist, to negotiate their terms of participation in the life of French society. For certain Catholic anti-Franco groups, these arrangements for negotiations with the host society necessarily imply the intervention of institutional frameworks that are no longer exclusively Spanish. If until the beginning of the sixties the Franco regime presented itself as the only defender of a Spanish culture thought to be Catholic and anti-Communist, the situation is quite different after the opening of the Second Vatican Council. For some Catholic institutions and for its trade union, apostolic or religious actors, the conversion to a Catholicism of action and / or commitment constitutes, between the beginning of the 1960s and the first half of the 1970s, a third way of antifrancoist expression. that allows emigrants and their families not to break with their culture of origin
Cendoya, Jessica. "Le Guernica : un tableau-monument en expositions. Support de réactivation et d’actualisation des mémoires de la Guerre Civile espagnole (1936-1939)." Thesis, Avignon, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AVIG1192.
Full textThe research aims to define how the construction of regimes of artistic, memorial and historical values of Guernica - a work of art made by Pablo Picasso in 1937 - participates in the patrimonial writing of the painting-monument, on the one hand, and becomes operative in the reactivation or updating of the memory of the events to which it refers, as part of the museum visit, on the other hand. Three levels of research have been thought out. The first was to circumscribe the Guernica object as an art object by placing a base of analysis of the object detached from any context, and this, in order to better understand those by which it exists as a cultural object signified in temporal and geographical contexts. In a second step, the analysis of the different exposures of Guernica made it possible to grasp the different values of use which were attributed to him and this to understand how it was constructed as a patrimonial object. Finally, in a third step, in the light of a detailed analysis of the exhibition of Guernica at MNCARS in 2009 and 2013, 60 interviews conducted according to a qualitative methodology after the visit were analyzed in order to understand the use values that mobilize the spaniards at the reception and for what reasons. The interest of the investigation is to have revealed that there was a range of memories and apprehensions related to the Guernica object. The surveys were analyzed under the prism of political sensitivity (Republicans and Nationalists), but especially under that of the generational prism, and for which four generations are identified. The results of analysis by generations, allow to distinguish two types of report to Guernica: reactivation and actualization. The notions of reactivation and actualization (Georgescu-Paquin, 2013) are part of a logic of rupture-continuity, which is necessary for any heritage-making process (Davallon, 2006). In this case of study, the MNCARS proposes a framework on a side of the history which, if not soothing the tensions, revives them for some (Nationalists); while others, find themselves in a process started recently (Republicans), following the so-called law of "historical memory" (2007). On the other hand, the new generations present a calm and distanced glance which allows them to make operative the patrimonial writing of Guernica
Verdeil, Eric. "Une ville et ses urbanistes : Beyrouth en reconstruction." Phd thesis, Université Panthéon-Sorbonne - Paris I, 2002. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-00003919.
Full textLa première partie décrit les chantiers de l'après-guerre au Liban : celui du centre-ville est exceptionnel par la place prise par le Premier ministre R. Hariri dans son élaboration et sa mise en œuvre, comme par le débat qu'il suscite et qui met en évidence d'autres conceptions de la reconstruction. Les autres chantiers de la période illustrent que les priorités du gouvernement ne suivent pas exactement les plans proposés par les urbanistes de la reconstruction.
Le deuxième partie analyse la convergence autour des politiques d'aménagement spatial qui caractérisait le mandat du président Fouad Chehab. Ses conseillers étrangers introduisirent des normes d'action exigeantes qui forment le socle des références d'une génération d'urbanistes, exerçant sous forme libérale ou dans l'administration libanaise. Leur influence se fait sentir jusqu'à l'époque de la reconstruction.
La troisième partie envisage la transformation de ces normes et des pratiques d'action urbanistiques à travers la guerre, où l'on observe une mutation de la commande politique, des bouleversements sociaux et une transformation des conditions d'exercice professionnel. Le centre-ville, la banlieue sud-ouest et les remblais du littoral nord constituent trois études de cas où se combinent différemment cultures professionnelles des urbanistes et nouvelles modalités des politiques urbaines à l'occasion du renouvellement du personnel politique, qu'illustrent les carrières croisées du. président A. Gemayel et du promoteur R. Hariri.
Graezer, Bideau Florence. "La danse du yangge en Chine contemporaine : enjeux politiques et pratiques sociales." Paris, EHESS, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005EHES0075.
Full textThis dissertation studies the role of cultural policy as a tool of power in 20th century China. By focusing on different categories of popular culture in their historical, political, intellectual and social context, this research shows how the notion of culture is, and has always been an important stake of the struggles taking place in the ruling elite. Through anthropological, historical and comparative analysis of several social and cultural activities -yangge dance, qigong exercises, festivities linked with some pilgrimages or traditional celebrations - this dissertation highlights the will of the chinese communist party to build a policy governing national cultural practices. Illustrations taken from fieldwork in Beijing and Shaanxi clarify not only the process of the making of cultural traditions and the issues it entails bu also the place these activities occupy in the emergence of a civil society and their role in the project of building a "spiritual civilization"
Ospina, D'Amours Marie-Astrid. "Les stratégies de l'imputabilité sociale au service de la consolidation démocratique : étude de cas en Argentine de 1990 à 2006." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/23184.
Full textNzoko, Mewawou Someu Anselme. "L'Université des Montagnes : une alternative citoyenne face à la crise de l'enseignement supérieur au Cameroun : (1990-2015)." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016STRAG004.
Full textThis sociological study offers a comprehensive study of the Université des Montagnes, a civil society initiative in response to the crisis in higher education in Cameroon in the 1990’s. A field study undertaken within the institution, using a participatory approach, enabled us to collect quantitative and qualitative data which was used to produce a grounded theory (Glaser and A. Strauss) approach that highlights the specific features of this alternative institution which is unique in Cameroon. The first break shown by our analysis is that the Université des Montagnes was entirely conceived, imagined, and established by a group of citizens determined to relieve the State of its monopoly on the development of higher education in Cameroon. To accomplish this, the founders, through a method that was reflective and critical in relation to the existing model, developed an innovative philosophy of education and pedagogy that reconciles the applied and professional sciences, and pedagogy founded on African culture. In short, our study shows the emergence of a general, professional, and people’s university. The project seeks to furnish a systematic and adaptive synthesis of reference university models that have structured higher education across the world. Notwithstanding the difficulties involved in collective adoption of the project, after fifteen years of existence, this people’s experiment appears to have been an analyser and catalyst for social innovation, considering its impact in the area of higher education in Cameroon
Elmas, Balancar Esra. "Sacralisation of Politics in Turkey : Kurdish Case." Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019EHES0008.
Full textThis study attempts to understand Abdullah Öcalan, Turkey’s most significant modern cult of personality next to that of Ataturk in the 21st century, within the framework of Turkey’s Kurds’ perception of him. Basing its arguments on the results of field research, it has endeavored to discuss the sacralization of politics, positively or negatively, in its changing forms through the person of Öcalan. In doing so, it prioritizes the viewpoints of ordinary people and therefore, tries to understand the sacralization of politics not just as a top-down process, imposed by manipulative authoritarian or totalitarian leaders and endured by the masses but also as a field of power and sovereignty that is formed bottom-up, collecting new and different meanings than intended, and taking on new functions in the process.Although the motive of “lack of leadership/ having a head” has been attributed as a historical problem/debate among Kurds in the last century, in the current Kurdish studies literature, there is lack of research on the phenomenon of leadership. However, Öcalan as one of the most significant leaders in the recent Kurdish history and being called as the indisputable leader of the current hegemonic Kurdish movement in Turkey has been studied mainly as part of the works which focus on Kurdish nationalism or the PKK and he has not himself been the sole subject of an academic study. More importantly there is no academic work in terms of place, meaning and function of Öcalan figure as a modern sacred in the diversified lives and imaginations of todays’ Turkey’s Kurds. This study is a first in terms of focusing on Öcalan figure and provides a plural repertoire regarding Öcalan perception of Turkey’s Kurds
Runceanu, Camelia. "Les intellectuels et la recomposition de l'espace public roumain après 1989. Le cas du Groupe pour le Dialogue Social." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PSLEH211/document.
Full textThe purpose of this research is to account for some of the dominant features of the Romanian intellectual space in connection with the regime change that followed the collapse of state socialism. Transition to pluralism and representative democracy effected in different on the spheres of intellectual life, which echoed the transfiguration of the social order from a centralized and planned economy to new economic relations governed by the market. This research is focused on a group of intellectuals set up during the last days of December 1989 at the time of the political transformations triggered by the fall of the communist regime in Romania, and which avowed goal was to make sense of this dramatic change.The Group for Social Dialogue (GDS) has been the first such association to be established and remains the most influential and stable group of its kind. The group typically includes authors that acquired public recognition under the communist regime as well as young scientists that completed their academic and intellectual training in the last decade of state socialism. One of the reasons for their success was the cultural authority capitalized by the group’s weekly publication, 22, widely regarded as the most prominent intellectual outlets of post-communism. The regular contributors to the journal were instrumental in redefining a public space marked after 1989 by an increased interest for the political issues and politics. The distinctiveness and the sustainability of this venture were the cumulative result of the personal prestige abs cultural authority enjoyed by most of the members of the group either as well published and widely read authors of the communist period, or as former dissidents. This prestige and authority was gradually on other members, whose public career started after 1990. These types of notoriety, joined together, took many different forms of engagement, collective and individual, consecutive and simultaneous: texts published in the journal of the Group, public statements during various meetings with politicians, open letters, expertise provided to civic organizations or political structures, papers published in the specialised press, political essays and studies, participation in civic associations, political party enrolment. The personal notoriety gained by a considerable number of intellectuals of the GDS, the resilience of the Group, the circulation of its journal 22, sequential investments in politics, of the Group itself but also individually, conferred a significant amount of clout to its (re)presentations of politics at a time when the political realm was structured around the rejection of communism (the post-communist “anti-communism”), as opposed to the electoral and social influence exercised by former “communists”, especially by those members of the nomenklatura who succeeded to set the tone of post-communist politics. The Group included representatives of literary professions who achieved the recognition and have even become famous before 1989, but the GDS does not hesitate to integrate also journalists and lawyers who did not reach recognition as authors, artists or scientists. The research was by and large devoted to isolate and examine intellectual practices, especially discursive practices, in the analysis of scientific and journalistic texts, looking at ways and means deployed by intellectuals in order to occupy the public space. In a socio-historical approach and in a vision inspired nu the sociology of relations, this research was concerned with various forms taken by the politicisation within specific fields – militancy, entrance into politics, political mobilisation and demobilisation of the intellectuals –, and intellectual professions at the dawn of the democratic regime
Orjuela, Camilla. "Civil society in civil war : peace work and identity politics in Sri Lanka /." Göteborg : Göteborg university, 2004. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb400665147.
Full textOnkerekakoula, Louis-Ange. "Approche cognitive des comportements politiques." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010LYO20033.
Full text. The objective of this study to seek the factors which underlie the political behaviors in the students. The developed approach is cognitive. For this reason knowledge, representations, and the mechanisms of reasoning are called upon like explanatory elements of the behaviors. These cognitive processes are apprehended using linguistic tools. The analysis of the results suggests the existence within the population of the political representations rather negative. These represented generate reasoning which induces of critical attitudes, being wary with regard to the political sphere within background the expression of many waiting. For as much, these overall negative representations should not occult the presence of positive perceptions of the political universe developed by the expert subjects which consider the policy in its bonds with related fields. Moreover, the analysis of the political choices emphasizes two subjacent forms of reasoning: the reasoning justified, more used by the subjects without proximity partisan, and the more heuristic reasoning founded on a memorized knowledge adopted by the more politicized guarantors
Minguez-Cunningham, Caroline. "Évolution des droits de l'homme aux États-Unis : étude des notions d'esclavagisme et de traumatisme culturel et du mouvement abolitionniste à travers trois représentations cinématographiques : the Birth of a Nation, de D. W. Griffith, (1915), Amistad, de Steven Spielberg, (1997) et The Help de Tate Taylor,(2011)." Thesis, Lyon 3, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LYO30014/document.
Full textSlavery in the USA has always been an interesting thematic to us. We have always wanted to learn more about it thus understanding how such a system could have been implemented for more than 200 years, have caused the division and a fracture in a nation, have led to the Civil War and have left permanent scars ont the United States of America. This particular interest led us to look into the concept of cultural trauma, and into its representation by three American film directors (D. W. Griffith, born in Kentucky in 1915, Steven Spielberg, born in Ohio in 1946 and Tate Taylor born in Mississippi in 1969), who picture at various distinct periods three different historical eras. We have considered the link existing between the physical reality of an event and its cinematographic representation, which is spatially or temporally distanced from the event. How can film directors faithfully represent historical reality ? How do (or don’t) they avoid to insert in their work personal or sociological filters ? How don’t they transform history, or shape it by not mentionning the elements that do not concur to the message one wants to deliver ? What if the director’s views are biased? How can the viewer be conscious of it and keep it in mind as he or she watches the film?Our work initiated from a reflexion upon the cultural and socialogical importance of the notion of cultural trauma in the cinematographic representation of slavery in the United States. The three movies we have chosen to work on are : The Birth of a Nation, (D.W. Griffith, 1915), Amistad (Steven Spielberg, 1997) and The Help (Tate Taylor, 2011). These films represent three distinct periods in the life of the American society since The Birth of a Nation pictures the progress of the American Civil War inside a Confederate family, Amistad is set between the years 1839 and 1841, and The Help takes place in the sixties, in Jackson, Mississippi.In choosing films that represent various historical periods and that have been directed at different periods of time, we wanted to take into account both the notions of re-adapting and re-interpreting the traumatic event. We have wished to demonstrate, through our work, how film directors adapt a real fact or a book by deleting some elements or adding some others, by adapting historical reality to turn it into a fiction showing a representation of reality. We have also tried to show how « cultural trauma » acts upon the audiovisual work of film directors who choose to picture the cultural heritage of slavery. We have analyzed to what extent cultural trauma has an influence on filmic creation and how its characteristics can be applied to our corpus. What aspects of it are most represented ?We have decided to analyze our corpus in a chronological order. We have started with D. W. Griffith’s The Birth of a Nation (1915), we have then analyzed S. Spielberg’s Amistad, (1997), and ended with T. Taylor’s (2011). For each of these films, we have first studied the historic and geopolitic contexts of the historical periods represented, we’ve then dealt with the transition from historical reality to fiction and we’ve analyzed the entirety of each movie compared to to the notion of cultural trauma. How and to what extent can it be found into these artitic works ? As a mass media, cinema has an educational role and we have demonstrated its link with cultural trauma
Dhoorah, Marie Sabrina. "L'évolution du droit en matière de sûreté nucléaire après Fukushima et la gouvernance internationale." Thesis, Paris 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA020031/document.
Full textOn March 11, 2011, the Japan suffered an earthquake followed by a tsunami to the terrible consequences. In nuclear power plant Fukushima Dai-ichi happened a nuclear accident of level 7 (highest) on the international scale, which marked the spirits such as rivaled that of Chernobyl in 1986. This accident left the world agog with these new forms of threats, especially since the TEPCO operator did not master the situation or learn the lessons of the past. Since Fukushima, the fundamentals in Europe and worldwide has so upset been turned upside-down and this raises the question of safety and security of power plants with renewed acuity, which necessitated. It is imperative to redefine in law and in practice some standards and principles at the national, European and international level in accordance with these new threats to the highest level of safety. But the legal revisions need to be more ambitious. The future of nuclear power suggest therefore: at the European level: a more ambitious revision of the directive on nuclear safety; the establishment of a regulatory body with effective independence de jure ; the definition of a liability law harmonised throughout the EU and the IAEA for victims in the event of an accident. At the international level: the governance is necessary as a vector of a common safety culture and security culture ; although the diversity of national models of management and control of the nuclear industry appears a priori difficult to move towards common rules. As well as at the European level, the writing of a single text entitled to the repair of damages would be necessary for the same reasons already stated. The revision of the Convention on nuclear safety is also as important crucial for the future. For immediate harmonization concerns many fields, for the most part: during and after a nuclear accident crisis management; the implementation of the principles of safety and security at the most efficient and highest level from the conception to the dismantling of an installation; strengthening interaction adapted between nuclear safety and nuclear security ; but also the integration of the population in the decision-making process in the areas of nuclear is mandatory for the acceptance of nuclear energy
Bagal, Monique. "La protection des indications géographiques dans un contexte global : essai sur un droit fondamental." Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSE3077.
Full textSince two decades, the international protection of geographical indications is characterized by a “blockage” in the negotiations at the World Trade Organization opposing the countries favorable to the protection of geographical indications to countries more skeptical in this regard. Deriving from a compromise between the European conception of the protection of GIs and the American one, the minimum standards of TRIPS have revealed the different legal options in this field and have resulted in a passionate debate over the appropriate role of the State. History shows that the advocacy for, or indictment against one or the other way of protecting GIs focuses essentially on the philosophy of protection in one or the other territories. As a reminder, the European Union “culture” is to protect industries far too exposed to competition while the American “culture” is to preserve economic freedom of operators and to grant monopoly on a geographical name only where such name has been tested on the market and is recognized by the “public” as having a geographical anchorage. Equally compelling, neither of these philosophies has allowed reaching the most acceptable balance for GI regime. This work seeks to transcend them. It bets that everything has not been tried yet, at least from a legal perspective. In order to find a common solution and a way forward to multilateral protection of geographical indications, the paper relies on the culture of “human rights”, not really with a view to “moralize” the field of study but more to deduct practical answers deriving from the international human rights law. As a matter of fact, article 15.1 c) of the Convention on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights provides that “The States Parties to the present Covenant recognize the right of everyone […] to benefit from the protection of the moral and material interests resulting from any scientific, literary or artistic production of which he is the author”. The activation of this article could allow approaching geographical indications operators, not only as beneficiaries of certain rights but also as beneficiaries of public policies. By virtue of article 15.1 c), there shall be a right to benefit from the GI protection (“right-liberty”) but also, a right to claim certain public policies (“right-debt”) in this regard. Beyond this seemingly strict framework for GIs, the reference to international human rights law proves to beneficial to the necessary balance between the rights of GI operators and the rights of the public. Incidentally, this balance is inclusive of multiple issues which is essential to the legitimacy of the multilateral regime of protection of GIs
Le, Thi My Binh. "Tourisme et développement durable sur le littoral et les îles de la baie de Nha Trang (Vietnam)." Thesis, La Réunion, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LARE0030/document.
Full textSustainable tourism, and the principles with which it is generally associated, has become a major concern not only at global and national but also at local levels as in the case of Nha Trang, an age-old sea-swimming destination in Vietnam. Regarded as one of the leading tourist centers of the country, Nha Trang is now facing with problems of tourism sustainability, particularly from a socio-cultural viewpoint: the exodus of islanders, the shortage of competent personnel in tourism, insufficient involvement of private sectors in the policies for tourism development in Nha Trang, overexploitation of Nha Trang Bay and the decrease in the amount of international tourists. With this awareness, the main question for us would be: Can we consider the actual tourism development in Nha Trang as sustainable from a viewpoint of socio-cultural indicators? In other words, is it possible to satisfy tourists, preserve local tourist resources, help the local community benefit from tourism and get all the factors to participate in the decision-making process? This research presents a double objective. First of all, it is important to analyze tourism in from a point of view based on socio-cultural indicators. At the conclusion of this research, proposals are forwarded so as to compromise two apparently contradictory dynamics: tourism development on the one hand and the preservation of local cultural heritage on the other. With an aim at performing this task well, 901 questionnaires have been handed out to the residents and tourists in Nha Trang, as well as 15 interviews that have been carried out with local authorities. The results of these surveys have been obtained through a research allowed to contact 137 tourist enterprises in Nha Trang. Thanks to this, the results obtained show in the first place that some principles associated to sustainable tourism from a socio-cultural viewpoint are not sufficiently observed in Nha Trang. Among these, the preservation of tourist and cultural resources particularly present lots of concern for the future. All the same, recruitment stability and equitable distribution of benefits arising from tourist operations constitute a basis for worries, similarly to the degree of participation of private sectors in tourism policies. In sum, despite tourists' relative satisfaction concerning the staff now working in tourism and the quality of services offered, the tourism sector demands further training. In order to make Nha Trang's tourism more sustainable from a socio-cultural viewpoint, our prerequisite proposal is to put into operation a plan of renovating Nha Trang’s tourism, by bringing about a well-balanced relationship between the land and the sea, which will hopefully pave the way for diversifying tourist practices, making advantage of inland tourist resources in tourism, assisting the residents to participate further in tourism projects. This performance is accompanied with an operational governance among residents, private factors and public figures involved in the tourism sphere. This solution would aim at increasing the participation of the private sector and promulgating tourism policies, virtually compromising tourism development and preservation of resources
Brébant, Emilie. "La Vierge, la guerre, la vérité: approche anthropologique et transnationale des apparitions mariales rwandaises." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209913.
Full textEn 2001, la déclaration de reconnaissance mentionne, parmi les signes de crédibilité des apparitions, « la journée du 15 août 1982 qui fut marquée notamment, contre toute attente, par des visions effroyables, qui dans la suite se sont avérées prophétiques au vu des drames humains vécus au Rwanda et dans l’ensemble des pays de notre région des Grands Lacs ». Cette lecture officielle qui confère un horizon de sens aux événements, instituant la prophétie en des termes choisis permettant d’y entrevoir le génocide comme l’hécatombe du choléra dans les camps de réfugiés du Congo, est diversement négociée par les acteurs locaux, même si la conviction de la réalisation d’une prophétie est quasi-unanime. Du point de vue des pèlerins, les apparitions demeurent relativement problématiques. Elles exigent de chacun qu’il négocie sa position en fonction d’une représentation de l’orthodoxie constamment réévaluée dans les limites de ce qui est expérimenté et affirmé comme une identité catholique. Cette difficulté est notamment due à la multiplicité des individus qui ont revendiqué ou revendiquent encore des visions ou apparitions, alors que seules trois jeunes filles ont été reconnues par l’Eglise catholique en 2001.
Après avoir soigneusement défini le cadre socio-historique des apparitions rwandaises, en abordant la question depuis le point de vue de voyants non reconnus - dont l’une expatriée en Belgique - et de ceux qui leur sont proches, la thèse propose une analyse des discours par lesquels ceux-ci se définissent et négocient la légitimité de leur pratique religieuse. Une attention particulière a été portée aux outils stéréotypés de la critique (sexualité, politique, vénalité…), mobilisés dans le cadre des tensions et conflits qui opposent différents acteurs individuels et collectifs. Par ailleurs, les mécanismes qui président aux rhétoriques de la construction de soi ont été mis en lumière, notamment par le biais des récits de guerre qui fondent une identité de survivant liée à la conviction d’une intervention mariale. Ce processus se confond souvent avec ceux qui président à la construction du pouvoir de la Vierge, et donc des voyants. Finalement, au travers de l’analyse des représentations touchant notamment à la prophétie du génocide et de la guerre civile, les nouveaux rapports au national se font jour, les violences des années nonante étant intégrées dans un schéma biblique qui opère un basculement significatif :parce que le Rwanda serait touché de plein fouet par la Mal, il a été choisi par Dieu et par la Vierge comme noyau de la Nouvelle Evangélisation. À travers l’analyse du rapport au divin, à l’autorité, aux représentations de la modernité que les mots des acteurs reflètent, c’est le catholicisme vécu qui s’éclaire à l’ombre du sanctuaire et de son appareil médiatique foisonnant, ce catholicisme empirique dont la richesse se renouvelle à chaque « enculturation » comme au passage des générations successives et dont il importe, pour l’anthropologie comme pour l’histoire du christianisme, d’approcher l’infinie variété.
Doctorat en Philosophie
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Valkov, Nikolay. "Three essays on metamorphoses of social capital and associational culture in Eastern Europe." Thèse, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/4259.
Full textA triptych of essays presents the versatility and the evasiveness of the trendy concept of social capital on several planes – global, national, and regional, as well as in the present and in the past. The first article challenges the influential hypothesis that there is cohabitation between civic engagement and democracy. While valid at a general level, the relationship is not confirmed once heterogeneous categories are disaggregated. For the European post-Communist countries, the pattern of the relationship between the regime type and the propensity to associate closely resembles the one in Latin mature democracies, provided that membership in voluntary associations is chosen as a measurement of social capital. Less intensive civic life does not bode for predicaments in democracy. The second article is an original compilation of more than 100 organizations classified according to contemporary standards and a collection of narratives about a dozen of the most popular organizations in Bulgaria since the 19th century. This invaluable contribution to the historiography of Bulgarian associational life until 1944 is the result of field work which combined personal interviews with historians of the organizations and archival research of original documents. The organizational panopticon serves as an empirical refutation of the hypothesis inferring that present organizational weakness of post- Communism is due to the lack of developed organizational life in the past. The merits of the third article are twofold. On empirical level it is demonstrated that the most important cultural organization in Bulgaria emerged iv as a nation-building institution modeled initially by imitating similar ones in other European countries and later by adapting foreign experiences to the local specific conditions. The collection of original Bulgarian references is unique and it is again a product of meticulous work with documents and personal interviews. On a more abstract level it confirms the applicability of the voluminous and unstructured theory on policy transfer to a historical case existing before the appearance of the theory itself. Last, but not least, the overview of the major European precursors of the Bulgarian reading club represents a modest tribute to the less known field of political sociology of history of reading. Keywords: Eastern Europe, post-Communism, democracy, civil society, civic engagement, voluntary organizations, Third sector, membership, transfer of ideas, lesson-drawing.
Limoges, Jean-François. "Hors-jeu : transmission des valeurs du régime soviétique auprès des ouvriers dans la couverture du soccer de la Komsomol'skaâ pravda, 1948-1950." Mémoire, 2012. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/4862/1/M12450.pdf.
Full textSeney, Nicolas. "Tocqueville et Guizot: la fondation d'un libéralisme des moeurs." Thèse, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/3562.
Full textAlexis de Tocqueville is a canonical author of liberalism. His inscription within liberalism often commented as a unilateral emphasis of the defence of individual freedom. Certainly, Tocqueville defends individual freedom and it is a decisive part of his work where his proposed theoretical objective reveals his will to elevate the individual to the level of society and the State. But this defence is always thought of by Tocqueville in his questioning of the conditions of possibility of freedom which are inseparable of a political culture where political participation is an essential dimension. A political participation which melts collective habits, civic culture, thus insuring the permanence of its liberal democratic institutions. It appears that the liberalism of Tocqueville is determined by a broader frame than the only defence of individual freedom. For a real individual freedom that flourishes entirely, there is the absolute preference for a continuous practice of freedom, political freedom which constantly updates the conditions of possibility of individual freedom. This practice of political freedom contributes to the development of « free manners », these collective habits which organize a particular civic culture, manners necessary to the assertion of the free societies. We shall identify Tocqueville with a liberalism of manners. To properly grasp the true range of the tocquevillian thought, we shall reveal the fundamental intellectual influences which governed the drafting of Democracy in America. Indeed, we shall restore the intertextual space between Tocqueville and François Guizot. This space reveals the certain influence of Guizot on Tocqueville, but also reveals his emphasis on a practice of political freedom.
Genest, Benoit. "Le «travail du négatif» comme purification dans les Leçons sur la philosophie de la religion de Hegel." Thèse, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/11142.
Full textPurification is what moves the content of Hegel’s philosophy of religion. It is first active in the creation of Nature, which consumes itself in order to liberate the divine self-consciousness through human spirit. Secondly, it is active in the process of the objectivation of human spiritual productions, which are purified until Spirit comes to know itself in the world. The third form of purification is moral and gets its theoretical foundation in the Genesis. According to Hegel, Judaism was the first belief system to identify the unity between divine and human natures; however, the myth is also about the birth of guilt as man does not immediately express his divinity, but his finiteness. As such, the divine process implies purification from naturality in favour of substantiality. Christianity will explicit this task through Jesus’s heroism and heroism in general will maintain itself until the rise of modern individualism and the rise of a religion capable of producing social cohesion—Lutheran Protestantism. However, individualism will eventually show its defectiveness since it will create more egoism than reconciliation. This problem will be the opportunity to criticize Hegel’s analysis of Christianity. Indeed, it seems that Hegel came to believe that religious vitality was necessary to the State's proper functioning, even though Christianity is no longer capable of creating guilt and responsibility by itself. Nevertheless, as Christian values are now purified forms their contingencies and are now recuperated by customs and the State, it appears that society can now function without such a tradition.
Gagné, Martin. "«Tu ne tueras plus!» : une étude du processus de «recivilisation» de la société ouest-allemande d’après les catéchismes catholiques (1945-1970)." Thèse, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/10683.
Full textAmong scholars who have studied contemporary Germany, many consider that by perpetrating such a barbaric crime as the Holocaust, the Third Reich caused a “rupture of civilizationˮ (Zivilisationsbruch) in the history of the Western world. These experts have reflected on the meaning as well as on the historical and philosophical consequences of the Holocaust for the contemporary world. However, very few of them have examined the other side of this “rupture of civilizationˮ, i.e. the “recivilizingˮ process that occurred in West German society during the first postwar decades. Characterized by the rejection of violence and militarism, the restoration of elementary norms of civility and the growing importance attached to civic values such as democracy and human rights, this process explains how, within barely two decades, West Germans succeeded in building a stable and democratic state on the ruins of a genocidal dictatorship. Using the presentation of the Decalogue in the Catholic catechisms, this master’s thesis examines the role attributed to religious moral norms in the “recivilizingˮ process of West German society. It intends to show that during the 1950s and 1960s the Catholic catechisms published in the FRG presented numerous signs of a “recivilizingˮ will, which consisted in a particular attention to issues of war and peace, an updated view of parental authority and the adoption of a conception of civil authority based on the fulfilment of civic duties rather than on sheer obedience to hierarchy.
Huard, Alexandre. "Les intellectuels et le caractère antipolitique de la culture en RDA." Thèse, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/2811.
Full textThe focus of this study is based on the antipolitical conception of culture in Germany presented by the German sociologist Wolf Lepenies. The appeal to culture beyond politics would have well survived amongst “official” East-German intellectuals, hence the survival of a humanist tradition anchored in the German idealism of the 18th century. This study argues by means of hypotheses that the supremacy of culture over politics in the GDR is not as omnipresent as Lepenies believes it is, on the one hand, and that there is on the other hand an instrumentalization of culture by the party in power (SED), which gave way to an ideologization of the humanist heritage of the German classics and to a moralisation of politics. By considering “inofficial” East- German intellectuals left aside by Lepenies and starting from the confrontation of the ideal-types of political humanism of the Enlightenment, represented by opposition groups which worked along with the protestant Churches, and real humanism, understood as an extension of the materialist ideology stemming from Marxism, which inspired SED politics and which corresponded with a ritualization of labour in the GDR, this study explores the antithesis between democracy and totalitarianism under the light of two types of Aufklärung : the Aufklärung of citizen and the Aufklärung of man.
Dansereau, François. "Piédestal et indépendance féminine : la hiérarchie de genre sudiste pendant la guerre civile et la Reconstruction." Thèse, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/7692.
Full textDesrosiers, Judy-Ann. "Mémoire de la Guerre civile espagnole : l'engagement politique de Roberto Gerhard dans ses ballets Don Quixote et Pandora." Thèse, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/20804.
Full textLapierre, Patrick. "Franchiser l'hégémonie : éléments de rupture et de continuité dans l'ordre social post-guerre civile du Liban des années 1990." Mémoire, 2010. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/3041/1/M11415.pdf.
Full textCarpentier, Marie-Ève. "L'évolution du caractère autoritaire du régime russe postsoviétique : analyse critique des principales explications." Mémoire, 2011. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/3999/1/M12036.pdf.
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