Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Culture et societe'
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Ranivo, Martin. "Societe, culture et bibliographie nationale a madagascar." Bordeaux 3, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990BOR30025.
Full textThis research work aimsat explaining how the evolution of a ociety some pressure on its information system, mainly on the bibliological circuits and structures (as far as the editorial production is concerned) and on the bibliographical ones (particularly the conception of national bibliographies). The study has been implemented to some periods of the malagasy history. In this way, we have ended up with a model of national bibliography that may be called "a dominated model", of which the national editorial production is not the only component. It appears under various aspects : the precolonial sub-model, the colonial one, the neo-colonial one and the one of an independance endeavour
Py, Michel. "Culture, economie et societe protohistoriques dans la region nimoise." Montpellier 3, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987MON30023.
Full textAn enquiry into the evolution of a protohistoric regional civilization, from the late bronze age to our era, based on excavations and archaeological discoveries made in eastern languedoc around nimes. Systematic study of the information, through chronological, typological and quantitative aspects. Data-synthesis emphasizing, at every phase (late bronze age, first and second iron age), the specific features of the producing, manufacturing and exchanging economy, and the structural transformations of social communities, in connection with the historical context
BELRHITI, AMINA. "Le reve dans la societe feminine marocaine (1960-1980)." Paris 3, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA030108.
Full textMoroccans attach a great importance to dreams and to their interpretations. This phenomenon persits particularly within feminine society. A corpus of dreams which was the object of different interpretations has revealed several themes. Firstly, we have dealt with 101 dreams on feminine sexuality, with focus on marriage. Recurrent syntagmas in the manifest content were reintegrated into the dreamers' daily life. This has shown the overwhelming influence of dominant culture on femimine psychology, and theoretical justifications for such a finding were elaborated. Secondly, we have provided a detailed presentation on dream interpretation within the islamic classical culture, bringing out that there is still need for a theory of the psyche, such as freud's or jung's. Suggestions were made as to how one might develop a psychology of the islamic being which would be grounded in islamic philosophy. Avicenna's theory of the psyche and of dreaming was mentioned as a case in point. On such a theretical basis, an analysis of interpretations concerning a subgroup of the 101 dreams has revealed their transformation into premonetory dreams as well as the existence of an imaginary production. The latter is particularly overwhelming when dreams, death, maraboutism, demonism, and magic meet. These themes were analyzed through a sample of 34 other dreams
Nérée, Marcel. "Langue, culture et societe dans la litterature contemporaine au mexique : le cas d'octavio paz." Antilles-Guyane, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999AGUY0040.
Full textTo bring to light the connections between octavio paz's literary creation and the profound mexican culture,the thesis undertakes in its first book(words as roots) a lexicographic analysis of these works the second part(the song of mexican soul) investigates the presence in octavio paz's writings of the idiosyncratic elements which characterize more plainly the mexican soul and culture. The third book(duality and sun: foundations of a universe and a creating work) studies the duality (themes and stylistic aspects) in the prehispanic world and in this mexican writer's works,then the solar symbol as an expression of the mexican reality. The conclusion(intraliterature and intrareality) brings out the essential and synthetic lessons from this study by defining,through these concepts of intraliterature and intrareality,the links that intimately unite the profound structures of octavio paz's works and the basic precolumbian elements still alive in the mexican reality. The thesis includes a bibliography conceived to offer the reader useful references about the various themes tackled during the research,as well as an onomastic index
Cheikh-Moussa, Abdallah. "De l'adab. Litterature arabe et societe a l'epoque classique." Paris 3, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA030029.
Full textConsidered as a social and historical discourse, adab literature in the classical period, can enlighten us on some social or cultural practices and phenomena as they were perceived by the khassa, the production and reception milieu of this literature. The works presented here and devoted to the representation of negative figures, such as eunuchs, the mob, ayyarun, madmen, singing-slaves or sophist misers try to define more accurately the "idelogy" of one of the components of arabic-islamic society and culture, by bringing out the supposed common norms of this "social semiotic group", and describing his global vision of the world and the society
Morel, Michel. "Praxis de la lecture." Paris 3, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA030112.
Full textDubar, Christian. "Danse : sport, culture ou education ? le probleme de l'enseignement des danses de societe en france." Paris 8, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA081607.
Full textBougere, Jean-Pierre. "Les elements affectifs dans l'apprentissage de l'anglais." Paris 4, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA040048.
Full textThe starting-point of this study is the fact that despite the advances in linguistics and language-teaching, the final results of french school-children learning english remain consistently poor, and detrimental both to international relations and to the french language. The study goes on to show how success in this field is powerfully conditioned from early infancy by the hazards at play in the way the mother tongue is acquired, when family, social context and school may create or hinder the pleasure to be found in speaking, writing and especially reading. The important part that imagination and play, singing and music should have at that stage is only too often neglected. Then, throughout secondary schooling, a wide variety of environmental factors, in their turn, exert favourable or antagonistic effects on the feelings of adolescents as they develop into young adults. Heavy stress is laid on the fact that english has its own specific originality calling, to a higher degree than other languages and other subject-matters, for a warm relational atmosphere and one in which phonological aspects play a decidedly essential part, sometimes unduly overlooked by some of the most up-to-date methods. The ultimate success or failure depends on the quality of methods but pays a tribute to a whole system
KNOPPER, GOURON FRANCOISE. "Le regard du voyageur. L'image de l'allemagne du sud et de l'autriche dans les relations de voyageurs allemands. (1775-1803)." Université Marc Bloch (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990STR20045.
Full textThe mode for travel accounts specific to germany begins around 1775. Their model was english "home travels" which had replaced the grand tour. Generally, the travellers did not describe all of the holy roman empire, only those administrative areas that habored intellectuals. The itinerary was seriously prepared with the aid of travel-documents, maps, guides and newspaper-articles. These mature travellers wanted to add to their education by confronting their literary knowledge with empirical verification, which permited the use of reason. They are lawyers, professors, scientists, clergymen, booksellers or journalists. There are as many catholics as protestants and as many northern as southern or austrians. These latter retorted vigorously to foreigners' comments which incited inquiries by other intellectuals. The description of the southern regions of the holy roman empire polarizes even more the ideological and intellectual polemic between the north and the south, protestants and catholics, and reformers and conservatives. The travellers relate how religion influences cultural, social and political life. In particular, they criticize the theologians' power in wurttemberg and bavaria. They reveal indirectly their conception of germany in their manner of comparing regions, above all ecclesiastical principalities, imperial cities and vienna. They believe in a multilevel patriotism. But it is possible to reconstitute their nationalist sentiment
Gardes, Jean-Claude. "L'image de la france dans la presse satirique allemande (1870-1970)." Paris 8, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA080532.
Full textFrom 1870 to 1970, with only are exceptions, france was constantly present in german caricature and satire. In general, the images of france presented by the satirical press appear to be highly changeable, shadowing political events, and only on rare occasions arising from a detailled analysis of the essence of the french character. Political ideas have a huge influence on the way one's neighbour is seen: left-wing newspapers are always more francophile (or less francophobe) than those of the right. Nevertheless, these positive or negative stratocentric representations often clash with the overall images of different forms of ethnocentrism, the national images usually dictated by government policies. Only extremist magazines escape more or less completely from the stanglehold of the dominant ideology. When there is a serious crisis or war, national reason almost always prevails without resistance over any political hesitation. Despite the prerennity of some cliches, the overall image evolved significantly between 1870 and 1970. The indisputable (but in no way linear) improvement of the image comes in part from the decline of french political influence, as well as the increasing assertion of german identify and the german people, which no longer feels the need to oppose others in order to impose itself moreover, it seems that since the end of the second world war, the infernal circle of inferiority and superiority complexes has been broken. Finally it can be noted that the terms erbfeindschaft and reconciliation used to characterize the periods 1870-1945 and 1945-1970 seem highly exaggerated when all of the components of the successive images are considered
ULLMO, HORNN SYLVIA. "La question ouvriere dans la revue forum (1886-1902). Reflets de la conscience sociale de la classe dirigeante americaine confrontee a la crise." Paris 8, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA080452.
Full textForum was a quality periodical, whose readers were clearly meant to be the intellectual elite of the nation. Yet its influence went far beyond the class to which it was destined. The success of forum was largely due to the debate it opened on the major issues of its time, thereby allowing a confrontation of the major currents ofthoughts through their most famous spokesmen. The violence and the great number of social conflicts in the late nineteenth century, together with the rise of the labor movement contributed to increase the social awareness that found two forms of expressions : a reformist appeal to fight social injustice; and a conservative disquisition on the virtues of laissez-faire and social darwinism. Both the conservatives and the refomists shared a same desire to explore the social scene, though they were at times struck by selective blindness. Their sense of innovation also semms to have been paralyzed in many fields. The following work has tried to trace the components of the social awareness of the american ruling-class through seven items : the perception of the workers' condition; the exploration of the city and of its slum areas; immigration and the immigrants; the comments on the strike, and on contemporary strikes; the analysis of the labor issue; and the debate on socialism. On more than one count, forum may thus be said to have participated in a vast attempt to avoid the coming of another revolution, through intellectual exorcism and confrontation
Niemann, Roger. "Le renouveau culturel et pedagogique a hambourg de 1886 a 1914 (alfred lichtwark et ses contemporains)." Paris 4, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA040086.
Full textThe crux of this work concerns the project for cultural renewal undertaken in hamburg by algred lichtwark (1852-1914) as director of the "kunsthalle" between 1886 and 1914 (the "lichtwarkzeit"). With justus brinckmann (1843-1915) for the craft and technical museum,gustav schiefler (1857-1935) in graphic arts, fritz schumacher (1869-1948) for town planning, werner von melle (1953-1937) in teaching, lichtwark planned to make hamburg the cultural capital of northern germany. To foster popular identity, he put "cultural models" before the merchant middle classes - a whole life style ranging from "wohnkultur" (interior design') to fine arts and town planning. He sponsored painters, and to nurture a sense of quality, encouraged "dilettantism". He pioneered the art education movement, and initiated reforms in the teaching of german, and the arts (drawing, music, dancing. . . ) in primary schools. Thanks to the writers detlev von liliencron (1844-1909), gustav falke (1953-1916), richard dehmel (1863-1920), otto ernst (1862-1909) and to the development of writing in low german, hamburg witnessed a literary renewal during this time, supported by the growth of a fabric of cultural societies. At the same time, the jewish community and the social democrats created their own cultural networks. Due to the lack of long-term official cultural policy, this attempt at cultural regionalisation through the strengthening of hamburg identity did not entirely succeed. For the bourgeoisie in power, artistic education was no answer to social problems. .
Gantier, Hélène. "Etude de l'anglais et formation de la personnalite. ( enquete realisee sur un echantillon d'adolescents annees 1985-1986 )." Paris 3, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA030093.
Full textThis research deals with the relationship between the learning of british english as a second language and the development of personality. The problem of american english will not be tackled here. I intend to examine in detail a sample of french adolescents who have just finished their 7-year study in secondary school. This research is divided into three books. In book one, an excursion into the field of the psychology of personality, i shall endeavour to give a summary of all the books i have read these last 10 years in reference to this particular subject. That will lead me to assume a certain number of hypothese which will be invalidated or confirmed at the end of the research. In book two and book three, i shall conduct various investigations. Book two is called "pre-investigation through interviews"; book three "the investigation proper through the questionnaire". Book two recalls the interviews of a sample of adolescents (1st year-university students) that i made in 1985-1986. The methodology i used is that of the semidirective interview considered as an exploratory interview. All these interviews i recorded on tape, and from their analysis sprang the 1st version of the questionnaire
Lemosse, Michel. "Les syndicats d'enseignants anglais : identite, politiques et strategies (1944-1985)." Paris 3, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA03A098.
Full textThis study of teachers'unions in england between 1944, when a reform of the school system was launched, much to the satisfaction of the profession, and 1985, when the relations between central government and the teachers reached their lowest ebb, seeks in book one to define the individual and collective identity of teachers'organisations. Three basic strategies have been developed in order to caulk these cracks : there have been attempts to construct a federation centred on the national union of teachers, schemes to set up a teachers'general council, and policies for joining the trades union congress. At the present time, the latter strategy alone has met with some success. In book two, the study concentrates on the policies worked out by teacher unions in three fields : the school system, teacher training, and salary negotiations. Book three finally deals with the types of relationship - based either on cooperation or on conflict- which teacher unions have developed with central and local government : "partnership", with its heyday in the 1950's and 60's, and strife as evidenced in the 1970's and 80's. The conclusion provides an assessment of the strengths and weaknesses of teacher unionism in the thatcher era
SOW, DIOUF SOW MAME. "L'image du medecin dans la collection hippocratique." Paris 4, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA040037.
Full textThis doctoral thesis is an attempt at giving a global portrait of the physicians in the series of greek medical writings called the hippocratic collection (from the name of the famous physician hippocrates of cos (460 375 or 350 bc. ). We must insist that if most of the works date back to the age of the historic hippocrates, a small number belong to the post-aristotelian or christian era. In our study where a certain historical perspective can be constantly noted, we first tried to determine the first constituent features of the image of the hippocratic physician by considering the context where he evolues and by observing him in his various functions. Then, far from being a humdrum practitioner. This man is capable of thinking over his profession which he aims at ranking up as art by providing it with a set of "scientific" and deontological rules. The analysis of the content of this reflexion has permitted us to complete the portrait by locating the hippocratic physician on the intellectual and ethical planes. Depending on individualities and eras, a few elements of archaism can be found in the portrait, but in the whole, the hippocratic physician belongs to the intellectuals of pericles's
Guillaume-Coirier, Germaine. "Couronnes et guirlandes vegetales a rome des origines jusqu'a la mort d'auguste : mots et objets." Poitiers, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987POIT5023.
Full textBoniffay, Jacqueline. "Promotion du francais scientifique et technologique dans l'enseignement superieur. Problemes generaux et recherches appliquees." Toulouse 2, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987TOU20003.
Full textFAMOUS FRENCH SCIENTISTS HAVE BEEN WORRYING SINCE 1980 ABOUT THE DECLINE OF THE FRENCH LANGUAGE within THE INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC COMMUNITY. THE GOVERNMENT FELT SIMILARLY CONCERNED AND CONSEQUENTLY LAUNCHED A RESEARCH PROGRAMME ON "HOW TO PROMOTE FRENCH FOR SCIENTIFIC PURPOSES". ALTHOUGH FRENCH NO LONGER HAS ITS FORMER PROMINENCE IT CAN STILL HOLD ITS GROUND' OWING TO THE QUALITY OF FRANCE'S SCIENCES AND SCIENTISTS' DETERMINATION AS WELL AS THANKS TO ITS ESSENCE. HIGHER EDUCATION AIMS AT MAKING STUDENTS PROFICIENT IN SCIENTIFIC FRENCH, FOR THEM NOT TO USE ENGLISH INSTEAD, AT THE FIRST OPPORTUNITY. IN MORE OR LESS ALL CURRICULA, WRITTEN AND ORAL EXPRESSION ARE TO BE FOUND BUT OUR SURVEY REVEALS THAT FRENCH FOR SCIENTIFIC PURPOSES IS STILL BUT RARELY THOUGHT OF. OUR PURPOSE IS TO SHOW THAT FRENCH CAN BE TAUGHT TO SCIENTIFIC STUDENTS, ABIDING BY THE CRITERIA OF THE LANGUAGE OF SCIENCES, VIZ. PRECISION, CLARITY ANALYTICAL AND SYNTHETIC CHARACTERISTICS. THROUGH ANALYSING MANY TOULOUSE INSA STUDENTS' WRITTEN PRODUCTIONS ANS AFTER SEVERAL YEARS' EXPERIMENTING WE HIT UPON THIS SYLLABUS' LEADING IDEA; PRACTICE WORK IN FRENCH MUST BE DESIGNED FOR SCIENTISTS AND MARKED USING COMPUTERS SO THAT STRICT AND PRECISE ANALYSES MAY MOTIVATING FOR STUDENTS. THUS SCIENTIFIC STUDENTS WHEN THEY ARE RESEARCH WORKERS OR EXECUTIVES SHOULD NO LONGER SCORN THEIR OWN LANGUAGE BECAUSE THEY WILL HAVE A BETTER COMMAND OF IT. FRENCH FOR SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL PURPOSES CAN THEN BE EXPECTED TO SURVIVE
Humbert, Geneviève. "L'allemagne et sa jeunesse. Mythe du renouveau et conflits de pouvoirs 1918-1939." Université Marc Bloch (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989STR20029.
Full textAmong the myths which are the expression of the german national conscience, one of the most important and most constant is that of youth: germany is, in some way, seen as the "youth of the modern world": this has been assepted with renewed vogour since the beginning of the 20th century, the "century of youth". This "youthfulness" of germany as a specific feature of the nation, naturally also coincides, in the deutsches reich, with the successives groups, or "cohorts", of young germans. In studying the three major epochs of the deutsches reich in the 20th century (the so-called "wilhelminian" epoch, that of the 1918 republic, and that of hitler's reich between 1933 and 1939), we have identified a certain number of permanent features which are such that the transition takes place mutatis mutandis from the wandervogel and the freideutsche jugend to the bundische jugend with its post-1919 organised movements, and from the latter to the hitler-jugend. With regard to the ideological, economic, social and political transformations of the reich, this evolution was defined, successively or concomitantly, by trends or individuals: the main trends are: socio-darwinism, materialism, vitalism, the spirit of revolt or reform, or of renewal, the spirit of revenche after 1918 and the myth of langemarck, the messianism of racial purety, the politicisation of youth movements, accompanying the centralisation of the reich; individuals of particulat interest include: a. Ploetz, e. Krieck, wyneken, w. Flex,. .
Cleynen-Serghiev, Ecaterina. "La vie culturelle roumaine et la france durant l'entre-deux-guerres (1919-1939)." Lyon 2, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987LYO21002.
Full textThe period between the two world wars was the second great period of french influence in romania. Allthough this influence played an important part, other european important cultural movements were also there. In order to assess the french cultural hegemony, we used various surveys such as the teaching of french and the part of the french language in the cultural and political life, the influence of travels, the politics played by private and public institutions. The success of french works and of their translations, of french plays and films give an image of the general characters of the taste of the public, of romanian state of mind as well as in insight of the way france was considered abroad. The success and influence of french works in romania is not only due to a relationship between master and disciple, but rather to complexe actions, reactions and interactions between an old country with established literary values and a new country, great romania, the national population of which has to assess its cultural identity towards neighbouring countries and also towards its russian and german minorities. In the thirties, some intellectuals who were to be among the personalities of european culture excelled on the bucharest literary scene : the critic eugen ionescu, the philosopher emil cioran and mircea eliade who was to become the famous historian of religions. That intellectual fertility was due to the free circulation of ideas, works, arts and music coming from france but also from romania and from all parts of europe. So, romania had become an important element, full of promise, of the western culture
Sanagustin, Floréal. "Les doctrines medicales d'avicenne (iba sina) d'apres le canon de la medecine (al-qanun fil-tibb). Pour une problematique generale." Paris 3, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA030168.
Full textThe aim of this thesis is the study avicenna's medical doctrines according to the canon of medicine. For this, we fellewed a historico-epistemological method to show how these doctrines constitutes a logical medical system. The basis of this paradigm is the centre of the spirit and the body; the physiological balance, the movement of fluids in the body; the causal law, the theory of the elements. . . In the different part of this work, we study the avicenna's autobiography and bibliography, the origins of avicenna's medical thinking, his physiology, anatomy, his pathology and his therapies
Lambin, Gérard. "La chanson grecque dans l'antiquite." Lille 3, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990LIL30013.
Full textStudy of songs (or fragments of songs) of ancient greece and of the testimonies with, in conclusion, the elements of an anthropology of ancient greece according to these songs
Capdeville, Gérard. "Volcanus. Recherches comparatistes sur les origines du culte de vulcain." Paris 4, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA040283.
Full textA comparative study on the lifes of servius tullius, caeculus, romulus and cacus seems to reveal a common type of initiation for the "first king", the founder of a new city; and for at least a part of the tradition, all of them are said to be the sons of vulcan. In crete, we found a prehellenic god named velchanos, who has been substituted by zeus as the archetype of the initiated young boys. In others countries of the aegean world, the substitute is different : apollo at delos and cyprus, hephaistos at lemnos and, partially, athens. Etruria, where the smithgod is called sethlans, gives only one occurrence of a god velchans, but seems to have conserve same old customs, as revelated by figurative representations and legends. The relation between vulcan and the initiation can explain same pecu
Civardi, Christian. "Le mouvement ouvrier ecossais (1918-1931)." Université Marc Bloch (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988STR20027.
Full textThe thesis is divided into four main parts. The first two are devoted to a study of the demographic, economic, social and cultural background to the scottish labour movement. We first take stock of the demographic and economic decline, which is a feature of scotland in the post-wwi decade which greatly determined the working and living conditions of its labouring population. Our second part is a study of the various components of scottish working-class culture, conducted through an analysis of the various institutions church, school, family, pub, stadium, library, etc. . - through which it is conveyed. We also examine in this part the attempts at creating a workers' counter-culture, based upon specifically proletarian values. Our third part is devoted to the labour movement itself : we study its political, trade union and co-operative organisations, with a particular emphasis on the i. L. P. Devoted to a study of the "workers' struggles", our final part follows a chronological pattern, from the revolutionary optimism of 1919 to the failure of the 1926 general strike and its aftermath
Renard, Philippe. "De la felure a la fracture. Etudes sur la culture et la litterature italiennes." Paris 3, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA030044.
Full textBased upon three major fields of research (cultural sociology, contemporary prose and poetry) these studies resort to the concepts of fissure and disrupture as critical tools which are likely to shed a new light upon 20th century culture. This may concern examples of social fissures (the crisis of the rural world, of the church of florence, of such priviliged cities as tieste), of literary disruption (numerous emotional gaps in pavese's writings, but also in lampedusa's, landolfi's ortese's, morante's, bonaviri's, calvino's and buzzati's) or poetical fissures (in saba, but also in della casa, montale, caproni, basolini, and above all in luzi); all these examples enable us to bring together the various components of a culture which introjected the ideas of weakness, restlessness, mobility. We thus come across two antithetic poles: umberto eco who endeavours to deny castration (another type of disruption so to speak), by filling in the gap inherent in the tight network of multiple signs reflecting one another, and on the other hand mario luzi who starting from the radical disruption of the modern world and of today's individual, all this leads to the utopia of a new notion of wholeness: all the various significations of modernity torn by torment
GIBAUD, VIET ANNICK. "Jardins et jardiniers en angleterre de 1600 a 1660." Paris 3, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA030084.
Full textThere are three important new elements in seventeenth century england as far as gardens are concerned : the birth of botany as a science, the division between the garden for vegetables and the garden for pleasure, and the grant of royal charters to the gardeners and fruiterers of the city of london. Through the contemporary gardening books, plans and descriptions, we try to capture the originality of the small gardens of this period. Beyond their ornaments, designs and techniques which at first seem backward, we can find a spiritual quest, which will grow during the years of the commonwealth. The gardener tries to understand the position and attributions of man within nature and to get nearer to god through contemplation and meditation. The garden connects itself to a whole artistic and moral context. The quest for beauty through the sense of order enters into the baroque. Landscape painting, architecture and stage scenery are brought together into a single thought on the links between art and nature. The world of gardens combines them concretely and sheds a new light on the relationship between man, nature and god
Philippon, Jean. "L'affaire Ro͏̈hm : reconstitution et analyse des mécanismes d'une crise du système nazi." Nice, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991NICE2019.
Full textThe rohm affair has been interpreted as a conflict between conservatives and "revolutionaries". Historians however have not really noticed the contradiction. Two thirds of the victims belonged to the SA (revolutionaries ?), but a good third were conservatives. At the beginning, there was the participation of the SA regarding the secret rearmement of the Reich and a conflict of competence and authority between the Reichswehr and the SA. This conflict of control, classical in its kind, between two related social organisations could not be resolved in a peaceful manner for two reasons : the secrecy surrounding the rearmement, and the desire of those in power to govern in a totalitarian way. Once all powerful, they could theoretically do anything they liked, and in this atmosphere the most unlikely rumours could become believable. The occurence of several incidents convinced international opinion, opinion in Germany and even the government itself that a clash between conservatives and "revolutionaries" was imminent. The army feared that the chancelor would side with the "revolutionaries". To prevent such a possibility, Reichenau, Goring, Himmler set up a plot to mislead Hitler
Azeyeh, Albert. "Relecture axiologique et critique des livres de lecture française de l'école primaire au Cameroun de 1936 à 1962." Paris 3, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA030104.
Full textMbodj, Gora. "Corporeite et socialisation en milieu wolof : place et importance du corps et des pratiques corporelles dans la societe wolof (traditions et changements sociaux)." Toulouse 2, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987TOU20096.
Full textSocialization in the wolof milieu is basically dependent upon corporeaty considered as the all social significant acts of the body. In the corse of his development. The wolof person makes use permanenthy of his body and of "the things of the body". These are present in the myth, the magic, the cales and the oral stories and one can notice them in the daily practices. They participante in the clarification and the pertinence of the verbal messages which appear during the talks, the quarrels and the written stories. They become a reality in the mental illness, take root deeply in the imaginary and the reality of the wolof world. They go with and surround the person from his birth to his death. They are at the source of the acculturation and the "enculturation" phenomenom of the wolof person in the colonial and postcolonial periods. Socialization and "corporeisation" in the wolof milieu, strongly linked to develop the person in the traditional environment, must find again their cohesion which is interrupted by the exogenous cultural influences thanks to a redistribution of family and scholastic functions. From this point of view, the school will appear as a democratic, popular and national school in the service of development
LABRUDE, ESTENNE LABRUDE JACQUELINE. "Medecins et medecine dans l'oeuvre romanesque de tobias smollett et de laurence sterne (1748-1771)." Paris 3, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA030115.
Full textThis thesis has been inspired by a recurrent theme in 18th-century novels, that of medecine. The transdisciplinary methodology intends to analyse tobias smollett's and laurence sterne's outlook on medecine from 1748 to 1771. The subject is set in a large cultural perspective. In the first part, a theoretic and synoptic approach gives precedence to the historic of medecine, trying to assess what is owes to former centuries. The second part, the medical world and fiction, borrows both from literature and medical texts. It discusses the medical institutions - the physician's legal and social status, professional training and medical practice - then it analyses the concepts of patient and illness. The third part, the field of medical knowledge in fiction, deals with three main branches of medicine, obstetrics, mental medicine, military medicine. The question raised is whether the two authors' satiric vision is justified. Both lay the blame on men and institution which is in contradiction with what is known of 18th-century medicine, aza turning point in the history of this science and a capital period before the advent of modern anatome-clinc medicine. Neither smollett norsterne appear to have been aware of the changes underway
Courtault-Deslandes, Jean-Louis. "Les temoignages inedits de camille mallarme. 1914-1924. Un essai de mediation culturelle et politique entre la france et l'italie." Paris 4, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA040134.
Full textIn this memoire c. Mallarme relate the ten richest years of life in italy from 1914 to 1924 : she witnessed d'annunzio's comeback met p. Claudel in rome and discovered pirandello. Because her friendship with e. Duse was able to consign her memoirs as an actress and as a person. The critical edition of their correspondence, highlight the contradictions, with duse simultaneously torn between identifying with the myth of the diva while recoiling from it and between the conflicting images of woman lost and saved as put across by the realist and symbolist plays. Thus her encounter with claudel in 1915-16 took on a particulary significance. In her, claudel recognised his own lechy, and she ratified the symbolic position held by the actress in the poet's vision. For claudel, duse became an allegory of italy, the land that the author of the trilogy had so yearned after - land of light and meanings - corroborated eschatological view of history sustaining claudel's work right from le pere humilie to le soulier de satin
Le, Rider Jacques. "Modernité viennoise et crises de l'identité." Paris 4, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA040129.
Full textThe "viennese modernity", which began in the 1880's and ended in the 1930' appears to be an essential reference for our own "end of the century". The viennese modernists lived and reflected the crisis of individualism and of the liberal rationalism. The statement of the impossibility of any reconstitution of a solid identity seems to bee a basic aspect of the "postmodern" condition. Two themes are particularly revealing for this crisis: the uncertainties of masculine identity and the problems of jewish identity. This deconstruction also contains hidden a certain utopian potential. "the man without qualities" of robert musil affirms himself as a man of the possible and of the provisional. Theandrogyny of the post-modern psychic constitution, and the interpenetration of the jew and the non-jew lead to a creative redistribution. The cases of schreber and weininger introduce to the deconstruction of masculinity and the affirmation of feminity in (post) modernity. Otto gross defends the law of the mother against patriarchy. The triangle masculine feminine jew is epochal in the discourse of anti-semitism and antifeminism. Sigmund freud and theodor herzl open opposite waystowards a
MAYAUX, ODE CATHERINE. "Le référent chinois dans l'oeuvre de Saint-John Perse." Pau, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PAUU1001.
Full textDrieux, Jean-Pierre. "Les lothians depuis la seconde guerre mondiale : problemes humains et vie politique." Université Marc Bloch (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988STR20017.
Full textVolume 1 : a a detailed 18 page table of contents. B the context (heritage from the past, demography, impact of the media). C a survey of local politics (changes in the local government system, local issues, local politics in edinburgh 1949-73, and in the lothian region and its four districts 1974-84). Volume 2: national politics in the lothians : political parties, national issues, electoral campaingns, constituency boundary changes ; with a chronological study of political developments in greater edinburgh : back to democracy (1945-50), the "two-party" years (1950-64), the rise of a three-party system (1966-74), towards a four-party system? (1974-84). Volume 3: a sociological survey of the lothians electorate, mps, euromps and local councillors: turnout at the different kinds of elections, the influence of factors such as type of housing, religion, economic activity; an attempt to answer the question "who are these elected representatives?" in theory this survey stops with the 1984 euro-elections; but the 1987 general election results, with a brief comment, are given in an appendix. Volume 4: illustrations, maps, statistical documents (general and by-election results in the ten lothians constituencies 1945-87; local election results in edinburgh 1949-73). Bibliography. Index
Weber, Edgard. "Aspects de l'imaginaire arabe." Paris 3, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA030031.
Full textAspects of the arabic imaginary is a collection of studies submitted in equivalence of a thesis, which analyse the speech of the law in the notion of resurection in the koran and crusades of yesterday and djihad of to-day, as well as the speech of desire studied in the secret of the thousand and one nights, violence in the secret of speech and the arabic imaginary and erotic tales. A symbolic and psycho-analytical approch explains the specific side of the arabic imaginary. The intercultural approach of these two faces of the same culture : the law and desire, highlights the originality of the arabo-muslim imaginary. In this order, such notions as the person, the body, the subject, space and time appear as fundamental to understand two different cultures. The study of the arabic imaginary invites the reader to become conscious of the mecanisms leading ato a deeper comprehension, to a finer understanding of a foreign civilisation according to criteria void of any ethnocentrism
LE, DUC ANTOINE. "La zarzuela de 1832 a 1851 -genese, evolution et signification d'un genre." Paris 4, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA040053.
Full textThe zarzuela is the spanish modality of the lyrico-dramatic genre. It presents the same characteristics as the comic-opera. This book tells the story of the zarzuela, from 1832 to 1851, i. E. , at the time of its greatets success. It appeared in 1832, at the moment when was created the madrid conservatory. After a seven years silence, it appeared again, and developped itself regularly, till its climax in 1851. In its form and style, it was influenced by the vaudeville, tonadilla and sainete. In the beginning, it is a popular, xenophob and patriotic genre, which defends the old values of rural spain. The foreign fashions, the aristocrats and italian opera are laughed at. From 1847, it stages modern types and resembles mors civilized french comic-opera. In 1850, it presents again the popular types of the old madrid though it appeared in madrid, it was success full in andalucia and many works were created there. Whe studied the zarzuela in chronological perspective ; every book allows to follow the evolution of the genre : structure of the librettos, and of music, nad thye imbrication of both elements, to lead to a set which presents the same formal coherence as the french comic opera. .
WALLE, FAULLIMMEL MARIANNE. "Contribution a l'histoire des femmes en allemagne entre 1848 et 1920 a partir des itineraires de louise otto, helene lange, clara zetkin et lily braun." Paris 7, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA070091.
Full textMy personal approach was to examine une exploited archives written by women who talked about themselves with a degree of sincerity that depended on wether their texts were intended for the public or the private audience. The itineraries of the four women i chose for their representative value serve as a basis for analysis and as landmarks in the social, political and economic reality of germany. The evolution of german women's rights from 1848 to 1920 according to the liberal and the social-democratic theses constitutes the main theme of my study: the important stages of their history, the lessons they drew from their years of struggle, including the errors and limitations that can be ascribed to the women themselves. For louise otto, the social and cultural ideas were very closely linked with the patriotic ideals of german unity. From 1880, two women, helene lange and clara zetkin became more prominent and two trends emerged. Helene lange and the movement of middle-class women concentrated their efforts on a better female education. After the creation of the social-democratic party, a second female movement of working-women headed by clara zetkin was born, giving priority to economic ans social equality. Lily braun, "the red aristocrat" 's attempt to combins the movements and struggle for the same fundamental claims was a fuilvre. .
Ahadji, Valentin. "Les plantations coloniales allemandes au Togo et leur évolution de 1884 à 1939." Paris 7, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA070107.
Full textTogo is a filiforme country whose main activity was agriculture. But on their arrival, the european colonial powers imposed their policy substained by the creation of large plantations. So german created the first plantations in the coastal region (kpeme, baguida and lome). But the true land acquisitions and plantations creations got achieved as of 1897-98 by friedrich hupfeld and sholto douglas notably in agou, misahohe and buem regions. The contracts were signed under irregular conditions that were denounced within the reichstag and assemblee nationale francaise by somes members who, in so doing, accused the colonial administration of being involved in scandals and speculation. German and french used forced labour and people got displaced sometimes against their will to virgin areas to be developed. But the impact plantation agriculture made on the overall production of the colony ist not important. After 20 years of experiences, the german acknowleged that european and traditional agriculture stood the same chance of successful development in togo. In conclusion, the impact of european type of plantation is not identifiable at the level of quantity but rather at the level of incentive means which, unfortunately, were insufficient under german and french administration
Albizú, Labbé Francisco. "Identidad cultural y etnohistoria americana : el indio en la formacion de la nacionalidad chilena : (siglos XV-XVII)." Nice, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991NICE2003.
Full textA study of the indian societies of contemporary Chile indicates that these societies live not only in a state of socio-economic exclusion but also outside the cultural identity and nationality forged by chilean society since the conquest. This society behaves as if there had never been an indian past, historical ecolution or traces of indian culture. It considers itself a unit ; an ethnic and cultural monolith, which institutionalises the conditioning of Chile's historical and collective social memory, whilst creating a gap between the two. This process of global exclusion of indian societies is characterised by a series of discontinuities : between prehispanic indigenous Chile, Chile during the conquest, during the colonial era and, later, under the Republic. The war of Arauco and particularly the period of 1536-1655 mark the beginning of this socio-cultural rejection. The indian resistance to the spanish conquest - and the social suffered bu societies which oppose it shape not only the colonial society but also the historical-cultural identity generated by this period. In the elaboration of this identity - elaboration whose nost faithful interpretations is traditionalist historiography - chilean society systematically rejected the different ethnic and cultural traces of the indigenous societies
Poumet, Jacques. "La satire en republique democratique allemande (1971-1980) : conditions, fonctions et problemes. etude des cabarets satiriques et de la revue eulenspiegel." Paris 8, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA080244.
Full textThe satirical cabarets and the satirical press have strong institutional foundations in the gdr. After the eighth congress of the sed, the speech used on satire in the gdr is characterized by a swaying movement between encouragement and reserve. Cabaret texts usually go further than those of eulenspigel: they question the cogency of certain standards and tackle topics which continue to be tabooed in the satirical press (the sed, the excesses of ideological surveillance, intershops, etc. ). Satirical texts reflect the neuralgic points of public opinion: they give information abaout a number of ideas shared by most adressees, on aggregate yearnings and dissatisfactions, on the way in which the specific features of public space in the gdr are felt. The implicit and comedy are two basic strategies of satire. By using the implicit, the satirist stresses the illicit aspect of his speech and suggests that his public should look for innuendoes in the whole of the speech. Comedy has a complex strategic function of attraction (establishing connivance) and of provocation (irreverence towards the symbols of power). Cabarets and eulenspiegel make different uses of these two strategies
POIRIER, FRANCOIS. "Aspects de la conscience ouvriere en angleterre de la reforme de 1832 a nos jours." Paris 8, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA080733.
Full textThis thesis is based on a selection of published work written between 1980 and 1992. The unpublished introduction examines recent developments in british labour historiography and presents a critical study of such notions as 'class' and 'identity' in their national and regional dimensions. The emphasis is laid on the multiple identities of any human group and it is suggested to consider political analysis in a long-term historical perspective. The selected works are then presented under five headings : (1) a study of a few themes over long periods (modes of unionisation, working class autonomy, skill and training, divisions and positioning within the working class) ; (2) a critical study of the representatioins of labour and of the 'labour aristocracy' in the 19th c. ; (3) a study of how english political culture operates today ; (4) a study of the decline and restructuring of trade unions today, and recent changes in training bearing on occupational culture ; (5) a study of some of the above themes in a local perspective : that of liverpool. These studies together are an interpretation of the decline and the specificity of english 'labourism' as a 20th-century expression of one aspect of a 'working class consciousness' in the making since the industrial revolution
Carrasco, Raphaël. "Etat, societes et religion en espagne au siecle d'or. Recherches sur les mecanismes du pouvoir." Montpellier 3, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986MON30017.
Full textThe fourteen works of which the present thesis is composed are devoted to the study of the sixteenth and seventeenth century activities of the spanish holy office inquisition courts. We have chosen to consider two forms of repression: the repression of ill-integrated minority cultures i-e judaism and mohammedanism and the repression of sexual deviations namely sodomy. The study of the persecution of jewish offspring remained faithful to their ancesters'creed, carried on the single court of cuenca focuses on an important case brought from 1590 to 1600. The punishment of sodomy has been considered on a longer span (1565-1785). Again reliable sources. With regard to the repression of mohammedanism, and reliable sources. With regard to the repressionof mohammedanism, we have taken a wider scope ranging seven courts among which those of zaragoza and valencia which after 1570 were first to be confronted to the moriscos'minority. For each persecution our first attempt was at quantifying the phenomenon following court after court, a detailed chronology and inserting each offence in the wider activities of the above. So doing, we have been able to draw a map of repression and a diagram of sentences and penalities. .
Guyot-Sander, Hélène. "La studienstiftung des deutschen volkes. Un exemple de begabtenforderung (soutien aux etudiants doues) en r. F. A." Strasbourg 2, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987STR20029.
Full textThe studienstiftung des deutschen volkes is the most important of the begabtenfurderungswerke, the eight foundations in the federal republic of germany which provide financial, intellectual and moral support to highly gifted students. Till now there has been no in-depth study dealing with this particular and little-known form of furthering young talent. In effect a means of recruiting new elites, this system encompasses a strict selection of the applicants judged to be most highly gifted, relatively generous material aid, and a humane and intellectual framework consisting in the tutelage of scholars by university professors and foundation staff members as well as a variety of opportunities for scholars to enrich their studies : language courses, sojourns abroad, internships, and programs of high-level summer courses ("sommeruniversitat). Receiving about 78 % of its funding from the federal government, the studienstiftung is, juridically speaking, an incorporated civil-law organization. First founded in 1925, dissolved in 1935 and reestablished in 1948, this institution can already look back on a fairly long tradition ; typical are the extremely high standards it sets for its scholars, who currently number over 4,000. A considerable number of its some 16,000 alumni hold important public
Sraïeb, Noureddine. "Une institution scolaire : le college sadiki de tunis, essai d'histoire sociale et culturelle." Paris 3, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA030035.
Full textBrennan, Paul. "L'etat en irlande. Aspects de son developpement. 1801-1949." Paris 3, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA030071.
Full textBetween 1801 and 1949 there were two successive states in ireland, the british state and the irish state. In order to study them this thesis is divided into four main parts. The first, entitled ireland in the british state, deals with the setting up of the union, the three major issues : religion, the constitution and the economy, which were of such importance for the development of the state. The second part, entitled the british state in ireland, studies the workings of the state through its government, administration, local government, electoral system and elections. In turn it questions state differentiation from civil society and considers the integration of ireland in the state. The birth of the irish state is the title of the third part. The collapse of the old order in a context of popular and state violence is its object. In the fourth part, the developments of the irish state are investigated. The nature of the new state is studied through an analysis of its constitutions, the effects of the civil war, the creation of its new institutions, its links with great britain and its quest for international recognition
Brey, Gérard. "Economie et mouvement syndical en galice (1840-1911)." Pau, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PAUU1003.
Full textBy the time the spanish federation of the iwa was started (1870), most industries in galicia had failed or were stagnant. However, the commercialization of agricultural staples, the linking up of ports with the national railway network, the intensification of trans-oceanic migrations, and the beginnings of the fish processing industry stimulated the local economy in vigo and la coruna as of 1882-83. The construction workers took advantage of those favorable circumstances to put their claims forward. In the first place, such a fighting spirit remained the prerogative of the descendants of those who, at the dawn os spanish liberalism, hat set up their own mutual aid societies, and then had been attracted by the manifold cooperatives of the republicans. The collectivist-anarchists led the first strikes, only to be challenged by the socialists from 1894 onwards. New trades were organized, turning the boycott into an efficient form of action, and making it possible to organize a general strike in la coruna. However, limited strikes remained the weapon the most often resorted to, and the bargaining spirit prevailed over adventurism. Whether anarchists or socialists, the most "enlightened" workers adopted as their own the legacy of their forerunners (mutualism, cooperation, community democracy, education, leisure). New values were popularized (internationalism, secularism). A workers' culture emerged. .
Banniard, Michel. "Viva voce. Communication orale et communication ecrite du ive au ixe siecle en occident latin." Paris 4, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA040057.
Full textConio, Gérard. "Crise des valeurs et renouvellement des modes d'expression dans la vie culturelle russe a la fin du xixe siecle et au debut du xxe siecle." Paris 3, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA030093.
Full textThis thesis in comparative literature deals with the mutations in aesthetic values that occurred in russian cultural life. During the period corresponding to the development of modernism, russian poetry is in search of new modes of expression. After being influenced by french symbolisms, it turns to national sources of inspiration. The necessity to eschew stereotypes entails interaction between the different modes of expression culmination in the idea of a synthesis of all the arts. Consequently the research undertaken in this thesis comprises the relationship between literature, music, painting, sculpture and architecture that successively constitute the poles of reference of artistic creation conceivedas constant experimentation. This liberation of form theorised by formalism, determines the quest for a new meaning. The revolutionary ideology, when transposed to aesthetic field, will give birth to constructivism whose object is to rebuild life through art
Palmier, Jean-Michel. "Weimar en exil. Le destin de l'emigration intellectuelle allemande antinazie en europe et aux etats-unis. 1933-1945." Paris 8, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA080281.
Full textConsequent to the emergence of national socialism in 1933, many writers, artists and intellectuals left germany. From 1933 to 1945, although dispersed throughout the world, they continued their battle against national socialism by creating political and cultural organizations as well as by writing plays novels and poems. We have attempted to trace the course of their stuggle in all their countries of refuge by describing the conditions of their exile and opportunities they seized to make an inpact on history. Volume i traces this emigration from the reichstag fire to the spanish civil war. Volume ii covers the period from the beginning of world war ii until their return to a germany in ruins
BARBAZZA, MARIE-CATHER. "La part du paysan. La famille rurale en nouvelle castille aux seizieme et dix-septieme siecles." Montpellier 3, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992MON30008.
Full textThis work is mainly based on the study of the rural family in a small village located north-west of madrid, pozuelo de aravaca (pozuelo de alarcon today). The sources are mostly represented by the notarial deeds (marriage contracts, share-outs of possessions, testaments, bills of sale and other documents) recorded on the local notaries' registers between 1578 and 1640, the fiscal inquiries, the censsus of the population made in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, and the archives kept at pozuelo parish church. In the first part, the geogrpahic setting, the institutional frame, the economic aspects and the demogrpahic evolution of the village are introduced. The second part is devoted to the presentation of marriage, widowhood and remarriage. The third part deals with the birth of patrimonies, their development and reproduction. The share-outs, the testaments are compared to the castilian succession law and human behaviours, family and marriage strategies are brought out. Finally, in the last part, the different social groups presented; the rich (ecclesiastics, notaries, wealthy ploughmen), peasant families with either average or very low incomes, artisans. The mechanics of the alliance are stressed
Lasserre, René. "Contributions a l'etude des relations sociales en allemagne et des dimensions socio-economiques de la cooperation franco-allemande." Paris 3, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA030180.
Full textThge thesis is composed of a body historical and sociological research into the development of the trade union movement, industrial relations and the social organization of german companies, as well as a series of studies of the german economy and of franco-german economic relations since the mid 1980s. These studies are completed by a synthesis which, in its opening section, offers a comparative analysis of the development of the french and german systems of industrial relations since 1945, from which two types of contrasting regulation emerge: while the german system of negociation between unions and employers is characterized by the predominance of mechanisms of autonomous contractual regulation, operated by the af0re-mentioned, the french system remains marked by their weak capacity to concert and revolves around the codifying and regulatory intervention of the state. In a second part that deals with a consideration of the socio-economic dimensions of franco-german cooperation in the construction of europe at the beginning of the 1990s, the synthesus reveals, beyond the sporadically emerging crises and tensions, a growing interdependence and voncergence of interests and policies pursued by the two countries within the framework of the community