Relevant bibliographies by topics / Culvert Failure

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  4. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Culvert Failure'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Culvert Failure"

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Wissink, Katherine, Meghan McKee, Robert Houghtalen, and Kevin Sutterer. "Simple Rating System for Identification of Failure-Critical Culverts and Small Structures." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1928, no. 1 (January 2005): 226–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198105192800124.

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Although bridges are a highly visible and crucial part of the highway infrastructure, smaller structures typically classified as culverts exist in even greater numbers. Nearly invisible to the public, culverts are crucial components of highways. Failure of culverts can lead to flooding, roadway damage, interruption of traffic, and even fatal accidents. Several states have implemented successful culvert inspection programs, but others are only beginning to formalize their culvert inspection and maintenance. Even after periodic inspection programs are in place, planners need a tool for consistent guidance to identify structures most in need of attention. This paper reports on a simple rating system based on a new culvert inspection program recently implemented by the Indiana Department of Transportation. The rating system uses weighting factors that can be adjusted by the user to provide an overall rating of a culvert based on ratings of specific characteristics of a culvert. The tool can be used to provide a consistent comparison with other culverts across the state and to provide quality control of the inspectors’ overall rating as entered into a database.
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Piratla, Kalyan R., He Jin, and Sepideh Yazdekhasti. "A Failure Risk-Based Culvert Renewal Prioritization Framework." Infrastructures 4, no. 3 (July 15, 2019): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/infrastructures4030043.

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Transportation agencies are currently challenged to keep up with culvert infrastructure that is rapidly deteriorating due to lack of adequate maintenance and capital improvement. It is imperative for the transportation agencies to identify and rehabilitate deteriorated culverts prior to their failures. Among several concerns, lack of rational rehabilitation prioritization tools is foremost. Complicating this need further, current practices vary widely across the state departments of transportation (DOTs) which makes it difficult to develop a universal approach for prioritizing failing culverts. This paper presents and demonstrates a failure risk-based culvert prioritization approach that is compliant with the inspection procedures of the South Carolina DOT. The approach presented in this paper is specifically developed for reinforced concrete pipe (RCP) and corrugated metal pipe (CMP) materials because of their wide popularity. Outcomes from a survey of state DOTs informed the development of parametric weightings using the principles of analytical hierarchy process (AHP). Weightings developed for several critical inspection parameters are combined with the corresponding condition assessment scores to determine the failure criticality of culverts, which are subsequently combined with estimated failure consequences to determine failure risk estimates. The prioritization approach is demonstrated using the condition assessment scores of over 5200 culvert structures in South Carolina.
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Beaver, Jesse L., and Timothy J. McGrath. "Management of Utah Highway Culverts." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1904, no. 1 (January 2005): 113–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198105190400112.

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More than 47,000 culverts have been installed under the highways of Utah. The Utah Department of Transportation (DOT) maintains these culverts but has no comprehensive system for assessing condition and planning maintenance activities. Utah DOT initiated a study to determine the condition of its culverts by field surveys. The objective was to develop a system of qualitative and quantitative performance measures to assess both the long- and short-term behavior of highway culverts and to support the Utah DOT effort to modify and populate a computerized database designed to store culvert inspection data that can be used for statewide culvert asset management. Culvert management practices currently used by Utah DOT and other agencies are described. A total of 272 culvert inspections conducted during this project showed the inventory to be aging but not generally in need of immediate maintenance. The Utah DOT database, developed to track culvert condition, is effective but could be improved. Improvements would streamline both culvert inspections and priority ranking of culvert repairs. The FHWA system for rating culvert maintenance action was adopted, with a new proposed table for rating thermoplastic pipe. Culvert ratings were adjusted with an importance modifier that focused inspection and maintenance activity on critical culverts with higher consequence of failure. Critical culverts should be placed on a regular inspection schedule, whereas other culverts can be inspected during periodic roadway repaving or rehabilitation. Culvert inspection results will be added to the database to provide more insight eventually into culvert service life than is now possible.
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Cao, Ji Wei, Cheng Man Sha, Bin Liu, and Yue Sun. "Research on Numerical Simulation of High Filling Culverts Foundation Failure Mode." Advanced Materials Research 594-597 (November 2012): 1257–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.594-597.1257.

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Foundation failure mode of high filling culverts involves calculation theory and method of subgrade bearing capacity, and it has great theoretical and practical values. After model of the culvert has been established, finite difference method will be used to do the numerical simulation in FLAC3D. Reaserch suggests that traditional Terzaghi/Meyerhof failure mode are not suitable for relatively deep buried subgrade of high filling culvert. Foundation failure of high filling culvert is caused by difference in stiffness and earth press, which result in settlement difference, and then forms subsidiary shear stress on the sliding surface. When stress value reaches shear strength of the foundation soil, shear failure occured.
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Zhi, Chun Hong. "Economic Analysis of Buried Corrugated Steel Culverts Considering Deterioration." Advanced Materials Research 960-961 (June 2014): 281–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.960-961.281.

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The characteristics of the corrugated steel culvert and the deterioration of the structure are analyzed. The Life Cycle Cost (LCC) approach is put forward to analysis the initial, maintenance and recycling cost of the different material culverts. The user delay costs are added to the typical LCC values considering the deterioration and the failure of structures. The analysis and the economic comparison results show that the total LCC values at the failure emergency situation is much larger than the situation when the deterioration is considered initiatively. Such economic analysis can help the project decision makers better understand the risks associated with deterioration and failure. The inspection and maintenance schedule should be formulated considering the culvert size, the environment in which the culvert is placed, and the characteristics of the soil and the backfill.
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Kavanagh, Leonnie, Haithem Soliman, and Ahmed Shalaby. "Toward best practices for construction and maintenance of through-grade culverts to mitigate pavement roughness." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 43, no. 2 (February 2016): 99–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjce-2015-0137.

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Culverts are used to preserve pavement embankments by draining water from the structures. However pavement roughness caused by excessive bumps, sags, and depressions at a culvert location are signs of failure or improper construction. The surface roughness at a culvert location can be caused by inadequate compaction of granular base material, erosion of the backfill or supporting materials, and (or) differential frost heaving. Pavement roughness can adversely affect ride quality and create potentially unsafe driving conditions. The objective of this study is to recommend construction and maintenance solutions to mitigate bumps, sags, and depressions at through-grade culverts on highways in Manitoba. The study consists of a review of the state of the art practices in culvert construction and maintenance; a survey questionnaire to obtain construction and performance history of through-grade culverts in Manitoba; and a forensic investigation and case study analysis of failed culverts with excessive bump, dip or sags. Culverts with minor or no pavement roughness were also investigated to identify design and construction elements that favor good performance. The results of the forensic investigation and recommended best practices construction and maintenance solutions to mitigate excessive pavement roughness at culverts are presented.
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Moawad, A., J. A. McCorquodale, and G. Abdel-Sayed. "Hydraulic loading in culvert inlets." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 22, no. 6 (December 1, 1995): 1104–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l95-128.

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Flexible corrugated metal pipes are commonly used as an alternative to concrete bridges for small and medium sized streams. If these flexible culverts are improperly designed they can fail dramatically. One cause of failure is uplift at a submerged inlet. With the pipe flowing partly full, the weight of the pipe and the net force due to the internal water pressure may be less than the buoyant force acting on the submerged pipe; this may result in an upward bending moment. This paper describes an experimental study of the hydraulic forces inside culvert inlets. The tests were carried out on a plexiglass pipe with projecting and flush inlets. The effect of the flow separation on the pressure fluctuation at the inlet was investigated in this study. The internal pressures for the case with a headwall were found to be significantly higher than for the projecting inlet. The formation of a scour hole at the upstream end of the inlet increased the uplift potential. Internal pressure profiles were integrated to determine the internal load distributions on culverts with different inlet treatments. Key words: culvert, projecting inlets, headwall inlets, uplift failure, scour, hydraulic loading.
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Wang, Zhanbin, Xin Yu, Weijie Zhang, Fei Zhang, Yundong Zhou, and Yufeng Gao. "SPH-Based Analysis on the Lateral Response of Pipe Culverts in the Flowing Process of Liquefied Sand." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2019 (January 30, 2019): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/4351501.

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This study proposes a solid-fluid-coupled Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics model to investigate the behavior of pipe in the liquefied sand after failure. In this model, the liquefied soil is simulated as a Bingham fluid material combined with the equivalent Newtonian viscosity. Then the pipe culvert is treated as an elastic solid material, and the culvert-soil interaction is assumed as the solid-fluid coupling force. Verification has been conducted through a dam-break model to demonstrate the accuracy of simulating the flow behavior of liquefied sand. At the same time, the applicability of the SPH simulation in the two-phase-coupled force has been checked compared with previous researches. After that, parametric studies are performed on the lateral force and movement of pipe culverts in the flowing sand. The derived results demonstrate that the culvert size and buried depth are the significant factors when estimating the maximum lateral force of culvert-soil system, while the slope angle severely affects the run-out distance of culvert and the velocity of flowing sand.
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Gong, Yafeng, Yulin Ma, Guojin Tan, Haipeng Bi, Yunze Pang, and Chen Ma. "Experimental Study and Numerical Simulation on Failure Process of Reinforced Concrete Box Culvert." Advances in Civil Engineering 2020 (August 13, 2020): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/5423706.

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Culvert is an important part of roads whose healthy operation is related to the efficiency and safety of road transportation. Therefore, it is very important to evaluate the safety of culvert structure by load test. Four types of prefabricated reinforced concrete box culverts (integral BC, round hinged BC, flat seam BC, and mortise BC) were designed in this paper. By designing a scale model test, the sensor system was used to test the mechanical properties of BC, which included dial indicators, strain gauges, and a pressure sensor. The finite element analysis based on material nonlinearity and contact nonlinearity of round hinged BC and integral BC was carried out. After validating the finite element models, mechanical properties of reinforcement and concrete of BCs were analyzed. The experimental results show that the failure mode of BC was tensile failure of concrete at the bottom of top slab under bending action, and integral BC had the maximum carrying capacity. The contact behaviour of sliding and rotating at hinge joints caused the first principal tensile stress of concrete at the internal surface of the side wall below hinge joints.
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Chennareddy, Rahulreddy, Susan Bogus Halter, and Mahmoud M. Reda Taha. "Fit-in GFRP Liner for Retrofitting Corroded Metal Culverts." MATEC Web of Conferences 271 (2019): 01013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201927101013.

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Corrugated metal pipes (CMPs) have been used as culverts in North America since the 1950s. Today, corrosion of CMPs is a major problem that requires an urgent and efficient solution to retrofit thousands of corroded CMPs across the country. One potential solution gaining wide acceptance is to use a fit-in Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer (GFRP) liner inside the old CMPs and to connect them using polymer grout. In this paper, a methodology to retrofit corrugated metal culvert using a fit-in GFRP profile liner was developed and implemented. First, material characterization of the GFRP material and the epoxy grout were carried out for proper design of the retrofit system. Second, full-scale CMP-GFRP composite section was tested under three-point bending configuration to observe the retrofitted culvert behavior to failure. The new CMP-GFRP section develops full composite action and shows failure capacity of 75 kip with a deflection of 3.52 in at the end of the test. Post failure of the polymeric grout, GFRP pipe failure was observed at mid-span location starting on the tension side. A finite element model was developed to understand the behavior of the CMP-GFRP composite pipe and to allow for the efficient design of the proposed retrofitting system.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Culvert Failure"

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Jospe, Alexandra C. "Aquatic Barrier Prioritization in New England Under Climate Change Scenarios Using Fish Habitat Quantity, Thermal Habitat Quality, Aquatic Organism Passage, and Infrastructure Sustainability." 2013. https://scholarworks.umass.edu/theses/1129.

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Improperly designed road-stream crossings can fragment stream networks by restricting or preventing aquatic organism passage. These crossings may also be more vulnerable to high flow events, putting critical human infrastructure at risk. Climate change, which will require access to suitable habitat for species persistence, and is also predicted to increase the frequency and magnitude of extreme floods, underscores the importance of maintaining stream connectivity and resilient infrastructure. Given the large number of road-stream crossings and the expense of replacement, it is increasingly important to prioritize removals and account for the multiple benefits of these management actions. I developed an aquatic barrier prioritization scheme that combines potential habitat gain, stream thermal resilience, aquatic organism passage, and culvert risk of failure. To assess relative thermal resilience, I deployed paired air-water thermographs in several New England watersheds and analyzed relative thermal sensitivity (relationship of water to air temperature) and exposure (duration, frequency, and magnitude of warm stream temperature episodes) among streams. These were combined into a single metric of thermal resilience corresponding with the distance of that stream’s sensitivity and exposure from the watershed median. To test the relationship between risk of failure, culvert dimensions, and stream connectivity, I developed a logistic regression to predict risk of failure using data from two watersheds that experienced extreme flooding from Hurricane Irene (2011). Finally, I applied the resultant prioritization scheme to 66 road-stream crossings in the Westfield River watershed (MA). Thermal habitat quality varied considerably within and among watersheds. Stream sensitivity was generally lower than the widely accepted 0.8 ̊C increase in stream temperature for every 1 ̊C increase in air temperature (Westfield median sensitivity = 0.44), with substantial differences among streams. Exposure also varied widely among streams, indicating that some headwater streams in New England are more thermally resilient than previously thought. Risk of infrastructure failure was predicted with a logistic regression using culvert constriction ratio and predicted aquatic organism passage as predictors (Likelihood ratio test, X2=59.1, df=3, p- value=9.2e-13), indicating that underdesigned culverts were more likely to be barriers to passage and more likely to fail in extreme flow events. To prioritize culverts, this study ultimately used a piecewise approach that identified culverts opening the longest reaches of thermally resilient habitat, and then ranked those culverts by infrastructure replacement need. In the Westfield River, the prioritization clearly identified crossing replacements most likely to yield multiple benefits. The scheme I developed can accommodate changes in the relative weights of the different criteria, which will reflect differences in management and conservation concerns in the confidence of inputs. In conclusion, increasing connectivity by removing barriers may be one of the most effective ways to mitigate the effects of climate change on aquatic systems, but it is important to remove the right barriers.
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Books on the topic "Culvert Failure"

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National Research Council (U.S.) Transportation Research Board. Culvert Distress & Failure Case Histories & Trenchless Technology. Transportation Research Board National Research Council, 1994.

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Conference papers on the topic "Culvert Failure"

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Wilsnack, M. M., J. Zeng, H. Gao, E. Damisse, J. A. González-Castro, and L. T. Deaton. "Failure Analysis of Gated Culvert Structure by Numerical Simulations." In World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2010. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/41114(371)180.

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Nakhostin, E., S. Kenny, and S. Sivathayalan. "Buried Corrugated Steel Culvert Failure Mechanisms Due to Environmental Deteriorations." In International Conference on Sustainable Infrastructure 2019. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784482650.004.

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Kim, D., S. K. Bhowmik, J. L. Willmer, and E. Leo. "A Case History and Finite Element Modeling of a Culvert Failure." In Geo-Frontiers Congress 2011. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/41165(397)168.

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Majer, Stanislaw. "FAILURE OF A DN 600 GRAVELITE STRENGTHENED ROAD CULVERT IN THE ROAD EMBANKMENT." In 18th International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference SGEM2018. Stef92 Technology, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2018/1.2/s02.032.

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Gassman, Sarah, Inthuorn Sasanakul, Charles Pierce, Emad Gheibi, William Ovalle Villamil, Mostaqur Rahman, and Ryan Starcher. "GEOSYSTEM FAILURES FROM A 1000-YR FLOOD EVENT: PIPE CULVERTS." In 65th Annual Southeastern GSA Section Meeting. Geological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2016se-273421.

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Douglas, S. Caleb, and Tyrel G. Wilson. "Integrated Emergency Construction and Engineering Response to 2013 Colorado Storm Damage." In 2015 Joint Rail Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/jrc2015-5686.

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Union Pacific Railroad’s Moffat Tunnel Subdivision, west of Denver, Colorado, was significantly impacted by an approximately 500 to 1,000 year storm event that occurred between September 9, 2013 and September 13, 2013. As a result of this historic event, washouts, earth slides, and debris flows severely impacted track infrastructure by eroding track embankments, destabilizing surrounding native slopes, and overwhelming stormwater infrastructure. Emergency response activities performed to restore track operations at Milepost (MP) 25.65 and MP 22.86 required the integration of civil, hydraulic, environmental and geotechnical engineering disciplines into emergency response and construction management efforts. Additionally, support from UPRR’s Real Estate Division was required when addressing private ownership and site access issues. The following text summarizes how coordinated efforts between various groups worked together in a pressure setting to restore rail service. The most significant damage occurred at MP 25.65 in a mountainous slot canyon between two tunnels accessible only by rail and consisted of a washout, approximately 200 feet (61 m) in length with a depth of 100 feet (30 m). MP 22.86 experienced slides on both sides of the track resulting in an unstable and near vertical track embankment which required significant fill and rock armoring. In addition to the embankment failures at MP 22.86, flood flows scoured around the underlying creek culvert, further threatening the geotechnical stability of the track embankment. The storm event highlighted the vulnerability of fill sections, where original construction used trestles. The repair plan engineered for MP 25.65 was developed to restore the lost embankment fill to near pre-flood conditions while limiting environmental impacts in order to minimize regulatory permitting requirements. Fill replacement performed during the initial emergency response was completed within 22 days, notwithstanding site remoteness and difficult access. Repair of the embankment required the placement of approximately 90,000 cubic yards (68,800 cubic meters) of fill and installation of four 48-inch (122-cm) culverts. Repair of embankment sloughing and scour damage at MP 22.86 was accomplished without the need for environmental permits by working from above the ordinary high water mark, using a “one track in – one track out” approach while restoring infrastructure to pre-flood conditions. A new headwall to address flow around the culvert inlet received expedited permit authorization from the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers by limiting the construction footprint through implementation of best management practices and minimizing placement of fill below the ordinary high water mark. Service interruptions, such as those at MP 22.86 and MP 25.65, require sound engineering practices that can be quickly and efficiently implemented during emergency response situations that often occur in less than ideal working environments. Track outages not only impact the efficiency of a railroad’s operating network, but also impact interstate and global commerce as transportation of goods are hindered. The need to have a team of experienced engineering and construction professionals responding to natural disasters was demonstrated by this storm event.
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Gassman, Sarah L., Inthuorn Sasanakul, Charles E. Pierce, Emad Gheibi, Ryan Starcher, William Ovalle, and Mostaqur Rahman. "Failures of Pipe Culverts from a 1000-Year Rainfall Event in South Carolina." In Geotechnical Frontiers 2017. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784480441.013.

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