Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Cuna Indians'

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Ohio State University, 2005.
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Ecological research aimed at the conservation of useful plants has rarely considered the spatial distribution of resources nor the potential implications for management. In this thesis I examined the spatial patterning of a group of 23 useful plant species on the 3,500 ha territory of a Kuna community in Darien, Panama. A systematic random sampling scheme was used to survey the distribution and abundance of the species, as well as the physical environment. A series of canonical analyses was conducted to evaluate the species-environment relationships and to identify spatial structures in the species distributions left unexplained by the environmental variables. Four distinct distribution patterns were identified among the species; these were most strongly explained by land-use, the degree of canopy closure and topography. Significant spatial structures, independent of the environmental variables, were related to anthropogenic pressures and an edaphic gradient. The habitat associations of the individual species are described and data on one species, Sabal mauritiiformis , is used to illustrate the utility of these data in the management of plant resources on human landscapes.

Cuno Kibele was the most prolific and most influential architect to live and work in Muncie, Indiana, in the first decades of the twentieth century. From 1905 to 1927, Kibele designed Muncie's grandest public buildings as well as schools, churches, factories, and commercial buildings. Kibele is most often identified with these buildings. The purpose of this thesis is to study a portion of Kibele's work that has been generally overlooked, his residential designs.Kibele was a reputable residential designer in Muncie. He was a sought-after architect for the city's rising middle class who lived in the suburbs just outside of town. Kibele's residential designs were unlike his other types of commissions in their simplicity and restraint of form and style. Kibele did not include stylistic details in his residential designs to the extent that he did in his other commissions. The few stylistic elaborations that Kibele did include in his residential designs were common-place Craftsman and Prairie style details.Kibele's residences were not high style or innovative in design, however they incorporated the latest social thinking and technological advances. In the early decades of the twentieth century, middle class residential design in America underwent a dramatic transformation. The Victorian home, with its rambling, asymmetrical plan, dense cluttered interior, and ornate detailing was pushed aside in favor of a new, modem aesthetic that favored simple clean lines, reduction of ornamentation, and an open interior arrangement. Kibele's residential commissions demonstrate the modem design principles that resulted from this transformation: the inclusion of modem technological advances; a kitchen redesigned for efficiency; simpler outline and reduction of ornamentation; a simple, open floor plan; and provisions for healthy living.
Department of Architecture

Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Antropologia Social, Florianópolis, 2002
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Par suite de sa recente devitalisation economique et sociale, la region de baracoa (cuba) a opte pour un plan de restructuration axe sur le developpement touristique. Mais ce developpement souhaite par les dirigeants et la population locale pour redynamiser la vie economique et sociale de la region ne devra pas denaturer son idiosyncrasie culturelle et perturber son equilibre ecologique actuel. Comment y parvenir ? comment amenager rationnellement et a des fins touristiques ce territoire sans alterer ses caracteristiques structurales et patrimoniales ? comment "marier" culture nature et tourisme ? c'est precisement a ces questions que la presente these tente d'apporter des elements de reponse par son approche methodologique de l'ecoamenagement touristique. L'application de cette reflexion a la region de baracoa essaie de mettre en evidence le role fondamental des lectures heuristique et hermeneutique dans une perspective eco-amenageante pour favoriser un developpement local garant de la sauvegarde de l'identite du milieu d'accueil
Owing to the recent economic and social devitalization it has been through, the baracoa region (cuba) has opted for a restructuring program based on the development of tourism. But this development, calledfor both by the country's officials and the local population to revive the economic and social life of the region, must neither distort its cultural idiosyncrasy nor upset its present ecological balance. How can that be achieved ? how can this land adapt to tourism in a rationalway without altering its structural and patrimonial features ? how can culture nature and tourism be "matched" ? those are the questions that this thesis will try to answer through a methodologist approach of the tourist eco-amenagement. By applying this line of research to the baracoa region we intend to undescore the fundamental role of heuristic and hermeneutic reading in an ecodeveloping perspective, with a view to favouring local expansion while safegarding the genuine identity of this land

Definitions and boundaries of race and ethnicity are socially constructed. They are malleable inventions created by the negotiation of ascribed ideas from outside groups and asserted notions from the inside group's membership. The revitalization of Taíno identity and culture within the Puerto Rican and related communities is a classic case example of this negotiation. Although objective conditions exist to recognize the descendants of these Caribbean aboriginals as an identifiable group, their identities are contested and sometimes ridiculed. Even though Taíno heritage is accepted as an essential root of Puerto Rico's cultural and biological make-up, this group has been classified as extinct since the early 16th century. This thesis analyzes the official newsletters of the Taíno Nation of the Antilles--one of the leading organizations working for revitalization. The content of this material culture was dissected and organized into rhetorical categories in order to reveal patterns of endogamic assertions of race and ethnicity. This thesis will provide a descriptive analysis of the Taíno Nation's rhetorical process of convincing the world that they do in fact exist.
M.A.
Department of Sociology
Sciences
Applied Sociology

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
Nesta dissertação são analisadas, a partir de uma situação social específica, as articulações entre práticas de cura e relações de gênero entre grupos Maxakali população indígena que reside no Vale do Mucuri, Minas Gerais, Brasil. Trata-se de uma abordagem antropológica sobre uma situação social na qual grupos Maxakali e a equipe de atendimento sanitário da Fundação Nacional de Saúde (FUNASA) enfrentaram uma epidemia de diarréia infantil. O estudo etnográfico aborda a maneira como os diferentes sujeitos em interação lidaram com a perturbação buscando o restabelecimento da condição de saúde, a partir de dois referenciais de conhecimento: a concepção Maxakali e a medicina ocidental. De acordo com a perspectiva de entendimento sobre a perturbação, distintos recursos de cura foram utilizados, demonstrando a interdependência entre os sujeitos e percepções nesta situação social específica.
This thesis analyzes, from a specific social situation, the articulation between the healing practices and the relations of gender in Maxakali groups indigenous people from the Valley do Mucuri, Minas Gerais, Brazil. It is an anthropological take on a social situation where Maxakali groups and the team of sanitary service of the National Heath Foundation (FUNASA) faced an epidemic childrens diarrhea. From the knowledge frameworks of both the Maxakali conceptions and those of Western medicine, the ethnographic study shows how the different subjects have dealt with the problem trying to achieve the improvement of the health condition of the population. Depending on the perspective assumed to understand the disturbances, it was observed that different resources for healing were used, showing the reciprocal dependence among the subjects and perceptions involved in this specific social situation.

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Esta dissertação busca se aproximar das concepções Pankararu de cura e suas relações com a biomedicina. Embora os Pankararu sejam originários da região do submédio São Francisco, no Estado de Pernambuco, depois de um intenso processo de migração, muitos deles passaram a residir na Favela do Real Parque, em São Paulo. Este estudo se concentra nos Pankararu do Real Parque. Este trabalho descreve partes da cosmologia Pankararu e suas formas tradicionais de cura, na busca de compreender a integração dessas práticas com o atendimento biomédico do Município de São Paulo. Descrevo então como ocorre essa integração, assinalando os conflitos e os processos de “tradução” e ressignificação de seus elementos rituais para o contexto urbano. O crescente número de etnias que vivem na metrópole suscita indagações quanto à transformação e readaptação de seus discursos. Esta etnografia pretende explicitar como é realizado esse movimento e as formas de afirmação identitária e de conquistas políticas, principalmente, no campo da saúde.
This essay seeks to approach the Pankararu concepts of healing and their relations with Biomedicine. Although Pankararu originate from the region of São Francisco submid, in the State of Pernambuco, after an intense process of migration, many ofthem took up residence in the shantytown of Real Parque, in São Paulo city. This study focuses on the Pankararu of Real Parque. This paper describes parts of the Pankararu cosmology and their traditional ways ofhealing, seeking to understand the integration of these practices with biomedical care in São Paulo city. I describe,then, how this integration occurs, pointing out the conflictsand the processes of "translation" and their redefinition of ritual elements to the urban context. The growing number of ethnic groups living in the metropolis raises questions aboutthe transformation and upgrading of their speech es. This ethnography aims to explainhow this movement takes place and the forms of identity affirmation and political achievements, especially in the health field.
TEDE
BV UNIFESP: Teses e dissertações

Spanish Indian is a generic term that has been used repeatedly in written documents over the past three centuries to describe a range of different social, ethnic, and economic groups in the southeastern United States. In this thesis, a comparative analysis of the material culture from Cuban fishing ranchos of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries on the west coast of Florida addresses the ways in which specific Spanish Indian artifact assemblages fit into the archaeological record. Three archaeological assemblages from known Rancho sites are detailed and analyzed. In addition, this thesis details a public archaeology project undertaken in conjunction with the Florida Public Archaeology Network, which led to the development of a traveling exhibit and public presentation on the origins of local place names. The thesis also provides suggestions for how historical archaeologists might contend with difficulties in determining and documenting identity at early historical sites in coastal Florida. The research undertaken for this thesis demonstrates a pressing need for additional data collection and research in the field. As it currently stands, however, the preliminary analysis conducted in this thesis indicates an economic basis for cultural interaction and intermarriage rather than an actual cultural synthesis, creolization, or ethnogenesis, which would imply shared cultural systems of belief and meaning. This thesis is also a proposal for a typology of ranchos. Through a cross-comparison of the similarities and differences in subsistence strategies and labor practices, a research design for rancho archaeology is outlined.

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Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPq
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES
Milk is a food of nutritional and functional importance for all phases of life; however, of all constituents, the fat and protein components are considered to be the most economical value within milk quality payment programs. This fact suggests a greater importance given to these constituents by the main actors of the milk production chain within the economic scenario (MADALENA, 2000). Dürr (2004) reports that milk fat and protein concentrations vary mainly depending on the nutritional management and genetic potential of the animals. As a consequence of the genetic differences responsible for the variation of 25% of the total milk production and 50% in the variations of fat, protein and non-greasy solids (GONYON et al., 1987) ). According to Bonfatti et al. (2010), it is estimated that the additive genetic variance for milk composition characteristics is between 14 and 39% of the total variance. In relation to the polymorphisms of the genes coding for the main milk proteins, such as caseins, β-Lg and α-La, these became markers of interest in milk production, composition and processing. They are excellent models for understanding the behavior of the dairy raw material during the industrial process, since they are closely related to the milk casein fraction, the main protein portion involved with the high yield in the production of cheeses and other derivatives. In addition, genetic polymorphisms of milk proteins are frequently used for the characterization of several breeds of animal production (CAROLI et al., 2010). In order to promote improvements in the genetics of milk production, composition and processing characteristics, research in the field of molecular biology has made it possible to map and identify genomic, transcriptomic and proteomic levels of polymorphisms that contribute to variations in milk composition , In this way, the process of selection of animals in breeding programs. In view of the above, the objective of this research was to study the genetic polymorphisms of kappa-casein and alpha-lactalbumin in cattle of the Girolando and Siboney races
O leite é um alimento de importância nutricional e funcional para todas as fases da vida, entretanto, de todos os constituintes, os componentes gordura e proteína são considerados os de maior valor econômico dentro dos programas de pagamento de leite por qualidade. Esse fato sugere uma maior importância dada a esses constituintes pelos principais atores da cadeia produtiva leiteira dentro do cenário econômico (MADALENA, 2000). Dürr (2004) relata que as concentrações de gordura e proteína do leite variam principalmente em função do manejo nutricional e potencial genético dos animais. Desta forma, como principal fator de variação têm-se os efeitos das diferenças genéticas responsáveis pela variação de 25% do total da produção de leite e 50% nas variações dos teores de gordura, proteína e sólidos não gordurosos (GONYON et al., 1987). Segundo Bonfatti et al. (2010), estima-se que a variância genética aditiva para as características de composição do leite encontra-se entre 14 e 39% da variância total. Com relação aos polimorfismos dos genes que codificam as principais proteínas do leite, como as caseínas, β-Lg e α-La, estes se tornaram marcadores de interesse na produção, composição e beneficiamento do leite. São excelentes modelos de compreensão do comportamento da matéria prima láctea durante o processo industrial, já que estão intimamente relacionados à fração caseínica do leite, principal porção proteica envolvida com o alto rendimento na produção de queijos e demais derivados. Além disso, os polimorfismos genéticos das proteínas lácteas são frequentemente utilizados para a caracterização de diversas raças de produção animal (CAROLI et al., 2010). Deste modo, para promover melhorias na genética das características de produção, composição e beneficiamento do leite, pesquisas no ramo da biologia molecular têm possibilitado realizar o mapeamento e identificação em nível genômico, transcriptômico e proteômico dos polimorfismos que contribuem para variações na composição do leite facilitando, desta forma, o processo de seleção dos animais em programas de melhoramento genético. Diante do exposto, o objetivo desta pesquisa foi estudar os polimorfismos genéticos da kappa-caseína e alfa-lactoalbumina em bovinos das racas Girolando e Siboney.

Cette thèse de doctorat analyse la lutte de peuple kuna pour sa territorialité -en tant que territoire et en tant que gouvernement autonome- et le rôle des intellectuels indigènes dans ce processus. Il s'est agit de comprendre les implications de leur rôle de médiateurs avec les pouvoirs panaméens et internationaux tant sur les plans culturels que politiques. Dans ce travail j'ai tenté de suivre des sujets de recherche classiques dans l'ethnographie kuna -comme par exemple la différenciation et le changement social dans les communautés de la comarca de Kuna Yala -en même temps que j'ai essayé de réfléchir sur les processus sociaux et politiques contemporains qui ont transformé la réalité locale et globale de ce peuple autochtone. Parmi ces processus, j'ai porté mon regard sur l'émergence des Organisations Non Gouvernementales (ONG) Kunas, leur participation dans les espaces de médiation transnationaux et les effets de la mobilisation de l'écologie dans les argumentations indigènes qui sont utilisées dans la lutte globale pour les droits indigènes
This thesis analyses the struggle of the Kuna people of Panamá, for ther territory as the sine qua non of their political autonomy and the decisive role indigenous intellectuals have played in this historical process. The main aim of the dissertation is to examine the political and cultural relevance of these intellectuals' mediation between the Kuna nation and the Panamanian government as well as the international development agencies. I have addressed the classical topics of Kuna ethnography -social change and differentiation- but framed by the ethnographic study of contemporary social and political transformations at the local and global levels. I have paid special attention to the historical emergence of Kuna non governmental organisations (NGO), their activities of transnational mediations and the special relevance ecological issues have acquired among Kuna political claims vis-à-vis Panamanian and international agencies as a way to legitimate their struggle for the acknowledgement of indigenous rights

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Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES
O atual modelo de desenvolvimento predominante na sociedade global ? ditado por uma racionalidade econ?mica que p?e em risco meio ambiente e justi?a social. Cada vez mais se tem despertado para os riscos dessa forma de produ??o e consumo, impulsionando a busca pelo desenvolvimento sustent?vel, com uma racionalidade ambiental que concilie as atividades humanas com preserva??o da natureza e bem estar de todas as classes socioecon?micas. Um dos esfor?os nesse sentido ? a altera??o da matriz que atende ? demanda energ?tica, substituindo combust?veis f?sseis por fontes renov?veis e mais limpas, como os biocombust?veis. Carthamus tinctorius (c?rtamo) ? uma planta oleaginosa com potencial para produ??o de biodiesel, com bom rendimento e perfil qu?mico de ?leo aliados ? boa adapta??o a climas como o do semi?rido nordestino. Com fomento de pol?ticas p?blicas, o uso da esp?cie pode ser alternativa interessante ? agricultura familiar. Na agricultura em geral ? comum o uso de agrot?xicos para prevenir e combater doen?as e pragas, pr?tica n?o sustent?vel. Por isso, investiga-se o uso de subst?ncias alternativas menos danosas. Neste estudo objetivou-se avaliar se o extrato foliar de nim (Azadirachta indica) (20% m/v) e a calda bordalesa (sulfato de cobre) exercem efeitos na esp?cie do c?rtamo. Objetivou-se tamb?m verificar a aceitabilidade da cultura entre agricultores do munic?pio de Apodi-RN, tendo em vista situarem-se na regi?o-alvo para o cultivo da esp?cie, al?m da compreens?o de que seu conhecimento e disposi??o para adotar a cultura ? fundamental para a introdu??o da esp?cie e crescimento socioecon?mico associado ? sua explora??o. Al?m disso, foi elaborada uma cartilha informativa sobre o c?rtamo. No experimento em campo, os referidos fungicidas alternativos foram pulverizados em plantas cultivadas em parcelas experimentais, havendo coleta de folhas para an?lise de anatomia, cut?cula foliar e morfologia da cera epicuticular, camada protetora que faz a interface planta-ambiente. Em Apodi, 45 agricultores da Cooperativa Potiguar de Apicultura e Desenvolvimento Rural Sustent?vel (COOPAPI) passaram por entrevistas semiestruturadas, abordando tamb?m a avalia??o das esp?cies atualmente cultivadas e a percep??o do uso de agrot?xicos e alternativas sustent?veis. Ap?s compara??o por an?lise de vari?ncia, constatou-se que n?o houve diferen?a entre tratamentos no experimento, tamb?m n?o sendo observadas modifica??es anat?micas ou morfol?gicas. A aceita??o do c?rtamo entre agricultores foi ampla, com 84% dos entrevistados acreditando na perspectiva de lucratividade. O cen?rio atual, com pouca diversidade de culturas, fr?gil ante estiagens e pragas, pode explicar parcialmente essa opini?o. A cartilha elaborada foi bastante eficaz em chamar aten??o das pessoas para o potencial da esp?cie. Houve amplo reconhecimento da import?ncia dos defensivos alternativos, justificados pela seguran?a ? sa?de. Com base no aspecto avaliado nos resultados da pesquisa, os tratamentos podem ser recomendados para uso como fungicidas em c?rtamo. Com a suscetibilidade da cultura aos fungos em per?odo chuvoso, aconselha-se que sua potencial introdu??o na regi?o se concentre no semi?rido.
The currently main development model on global society is driven by an economic rationality that endangers the environment and social justice. More and more, attention to this way of production and consumption is increasing, boosting research for sustainable development, with an environmental rationality that can harmonize nature preservation and welfare of all socioeconomic classes. One of the efforts on this sense is changing the sources supplying the energy demand, replacing fossil fuels for renewable and cleaner sources, such as biofuels. Carthamus tinctorius (safflower) is an oilseed crop with potential for biodiesel production, with good oil yield and chemical profile, allied to good adaptation to climates such like the northeastern semiarid lands of Brazil. With public policies fomentation, the use of this species may be an interesting alternative for family farming. In farming in general, the use of pesticides to prevent and combat diseases and plagues is common, which is not a sustainable practice. Thus, there are researched alternative, less dangerous substances. In this study, it was aimed to assess if neem (Azadirachta indica) leaf extract (20% m/v) and Bordeaux mixture (copper sulfate) have effects on safflower. It was also aimed to verify acceptance of farmers on safflower crop in Apodi, a municipality in Rio Grande do Norte state, Brazil, in view of it being localized in the aimed region for this crop cultivation. Besides that, understanding that the farmers? knowledge and inclination to adopt the crop is fundamental for the introduction of this species and socioeconomic growth due to its exploration. In addition, a booklet with basic information on safflower was produced. In the field experiment, the fungicides were pulverized on plants cultivated in field experimental plots, with collection of leaf samples for analysis on anatomy, cuticle, and epicuticular wax morphology, the protective layer that interfaces with the surrounding ambient. In Apodi, forty-five farmers from Potiguar Cooperative of Apiculture and Sustainable Rural Development (COOPAPI) underwent semi-structured interviews, which also addressed their assessment on currently cultivated crops and perception of pesticide uses and sustainable alternatives. After comparing using analysis of variance, it was found that there was no difference between treatments in the experiment, as well as no anatomical or morphological modifications. Safflower acceptation among farmers was wide, with 84% of interviewees believing in a perspective of good incomes. The current scenario, comprised of low crop diversity, fragile in face of droughts and plagues, can partially explain this opinion. The booklet was effective in catching people attention for the species potential. There was wide acknowledgement on the importance of alternative pesticides, justified by health security. Based on the assessed parameter in the results of this research, the treatments here utilized may be recommended as fungicides for safflower. Given the crop susceptibility to fungi in heavy rainy period, it is advised that its potential introduction on the region shall be focused on semiarid areas.

La presente tesis es un estudio de las dinámicas internas del clero secular parroquial del siglo XVIII en la Provincia de la Plata, una región minera ubicada al sur del Valle de Toluca, que en el periodo novohispano abarcó los reales de minas de Sultepec, Temascaltepec y Zacualpan con sus respectivas jurisdicciones políticas. El trabajo atiende aspectos vinculados a la organización parroquial, los ingresos de los curatos, la movilidad de los clérigos, la participación de los sacerdotes en los ámbitos espiritual, social y económico de la región, y sobre todo, los principales puntos de conflicto entre los ministros religiosos y los feligreses, particularmente el que compete a las disensiones por el cobro de los derechos parroquiales a la luz del proyecto reformista borbónico

Between 1500 and 1800, Spaniards and their Native allies captured hundreds of Apache Indians and members of neighboring groups from the Rio Grande River Basin and subjected them to a variety of fates. They bought and sold some captives as slaves, exiled others as prisoners of war to central Mexico and Cuba, and forcibly moved others to mines, towns, and haciendas as paid or unpaid laborers. Though warfare and captive exchange predated the arrival of Europeans to North America, the three centuries following contact witnessed the development of new practices of violence and captivity in the North American West fueled by Euroamericans’ interest in Native territory and labor, on the one hand, and the dispersal of new technologies like horses and guns to American Indian groups, on the other. While at times subject to an enslavement and property status resembling chattel slavery, Native peoples of the Greater Rio Grande often experienced captivities and forced migrations fueled more by the interests of empires and nation-states in their territory and sovereignty than by markets in human labor.
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A presente tese tem como objetivo principal fazer uma análise crítica da historiografia da literatura goesa escrita em língua portuguesa, composta por textos publicados entre a segunda metade do século XIX e a segunda metade do século XX (1864-1999). Em primeiro lugar, comparo três obras que se configuram como os maiores repositórios historiográficos de informações sobre essa literatura, a que dedico bem três capítulos. Estas são, designadamente: Literatura indo-portuguesa: figuras e factos de Vicente de Bragança Cunha (1926), Esboço da história da literatura indo-portuguesa de Filinto Cristo Dias (1963), A literatura indoportuguesa de Vimala Devi e Manuel de Seabra (1971). Pretendo estudar os seus parâmetros de edificação, a voz autoral e o seu discurso, os critérios de seleção – inclusivos ou de exclusão – de autores, obras e géneros literários, por meio dos conceitos de narratividade e abrangência, e quando for possível, a finalidade dessas obras, bem como o tipo de público a quem se direcionam. Além disso, não será negligenciada a relação dessas obras com algumas problemáticas genuinamente goesas, como a questão da identidade cultural e a residualidade da língua portuguesa em Goa. Estas três obras são, ulteriormente, postas em relação com outros textos, de natureza secundária, que também se interessaram pela sistematização da literatura indo-portuguesa, ou goesa de língua portuguesa, e que servem para reconstruir uma genealogia da historiografia literária de Goa e estudar as ligações entre um texto e outro, olhando para as possíveis influências ou divergências. O aparato teórico de referência é o da teoria da história literária e da literatura comparada, sendo que os primeiros capítulos são dedicados ao debate sobre a crise e a reforma da história literária, enquanto âmbito de estudo, mantendo sempre constante a relação com o caso goês.
The main goal of this thesis is to make a critical analysis of the historiography of Goan literature written in Portuguese. The latter is composed of texts published between the second half of the 19th century and the second half of the 20th century (1864-1999). Three chapters are dedicated to the comparison of three works that are considered the largest historiographic repositories of information on this literature. These are Literatura indo-portuguesa: figuras e factos by Vicente de Bragança Cunha (1926), Esboço da história da literatura indo-portuguesa by Filinto Cristo Dias (1963), A literatura indo-portuguesa by Vimala Devi and Manuel de Seabra (1971). Taking these books into analysis, I study how the authorial voice and its discourse are articulated and, through the concepts of narrativity and comprehensiveness, which selection criteria were used to include or exclude authors, works and literary genres, as well as the type of public to which they are aimed. Besides, I consider the relationship between these works and some genuinely Goan issues, such as Goan cultural identity and the residuality of the Portuguese language in Goa. Apart from these three main works, I also take into account other texts which have had an impact on the systematization of Indo-Portuguese literature (or Goan literature in Portuguese language) and that allow us to reconstruct a genealogy of literary historiography of Goa and study the links between one text and another, looking for possible influences or divergences. The theoretical apparatus of reference is that of the theory of literary history and comparative literature. In the light of that, the first two chapters are dedicated to the debate on the crisis and the reform of literary history, as a field of study, always maintaining a special focus to the Goan case.

U.S. naval expansion is considered to be inevitable. When it is discussed at all, especially in recent scholarly works, it merits at most a few paragraphs briefly mentioning that in the late nineteenth century the United States constructed a modern navy. It is portrayed as if U.S. leaders mostly favored greatly expanding the nation’s naval power and that little to no serious opposition existed among government leaders. Naval expansion, however, fundamentally altered U.S. foreign policy. It represented one of the most significant shifts in the Gilded Age, an era often thought of as a forgettable period in U.S. politics with no major political events taking place. If anything, naval expansion should be the single most discussed political decision to come out of this period and President Benjamin Harrison should be remembered for his role in this development. After all, there are few presidential actions from this period that continue to greatly affect U.S. policy today, and Harrison and his fellow naval expansionists deserve more than a footnote in history.