Academic literature on the topic 'Curcuma comosa'

The genus Curcuma is part of the Zingiberaceae family, and many Curcuma species have been used as traditional medicine and cosmetics in Thailand. To find new cosmeceutical ingredients, the in vitro anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, and cytotoxic activities of four Curcuma species as well as the isolation of compounds from the most active crude extract (C. aromatica) were investigated. The crude extract of C. aromatica showed 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity with an IC50 value of 102.3 μg/mL. The cytotoxicity effect of C. aeruginosa, C. comosa, C. aromatica, and C. longa extracts assessed with the 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay at 200 μg/mL were 12.1 ± 2.9, 14.4 ± 4.1, 28.6 ± 4.1, and 46.9 ± 8.6, respectively. C. aeruginosa and C. comosa presented apoptosis cells (57.7 ± 3.1% and 32.6 ± 2.2%, respectively) using the CytoTox-ONE™ assay. Different crude extracts or phytochemicals purified from C. aromatica were evaluated for their anti-inflammatory properties. The crude extract of C. aromatica showed the highest potential to inhibit NF-κB activity, followed by C. aeruginosa, C. comosa, and C. longa, respectively. Among the various purified phytochemicals curcumin, germacrone, curdione, zederone, and curcumenol significantly inhibited NF-κB activation in tumor necrosis factor (TNF) stimulated HaCaT keratinocytes. Of all compounds, curcumin was the most potent anti-inflammatory.

For the functional food applications, antioxidant properties and the bioactive compounds of the 23 Curcuma species commercially cultivated in Thailand were studied. Total phenolic content and DPPH radical scavenging activity were determined. The concentrations of eight bioactive compounds, including curcumin (1), demethoxycurcumin (2), bisdemethoxycurcumin (3), 1,7-diphenyl-(4E,6E)-4,6-heptadien-3-ol (4), germacrone (5), furanodienone (6), zederone (7), and ar-turmerone (8), were determined from the Curcuma by HPLC. While the total phenolic content of C. longa was highest (22.3 ± 2.4 mg GAE/g, mg of gallic acid equivalents), C. Wan Na-Natong exhibited the highest DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl-hydrate) radical scavenging activity. Twenty-three Curcuma species showed characteristic distributions of the bioactive compounds, which can be utilized for the identification and authentication of the cultivated Curcuma species. C. longa contained the highest content of curcumin (1) (304.9 ± 0.1 mg/g) and C. angustifolia contained the highest content of germacrone (5) (373.9 ± 1.1 mg/g). It was noteworthy that 1,7-diphenyl-(4E,6E)-4,6-heptadien-3-ol (4) was found only from C. comosa at a very high concentration (300.7 ± 1.4 mg/g). It was concluded that Thai Curcuma species have a great potential for the application of functional foods and ingredients.

L’érythropoïèse est un processus extrêmement prolifératif, et qui doit donc être très étroitement régulé. L’érythropoïétine (EPO) est l’un des facteurs absolument nécessaires à l’érythropoïèse. Cependant, dans la moelle osseuse, la quantité d'EPO circulante est sous-optimale et la capacité des érythroblastes à survivre dépend donc de leur sensibilité à l'EPO. Les facteurs modulant la réponse à l'EPO au cours de l'érythropoïèse sont encore largement inconnus.Nous avons donc voulu explorer plusieurs facteurs pouvant potentiellement être impliqués dans la régulation de l’érythropoïèse et plus précisément dans la réponse à l’EPO : tout d’abord, la transferrine ainsi que ses récepteurs (TfR), la transferrine et le TfR1 étant également essentiels à l’érythropoïèse, ainsi qu’un phytoestrogène provenant d’une plante nommée Curcuma comosa, les oestrogènes étant eux aussi connus pour favoriser l’érythropoïèse.Concernant la transferrine, nous avons voulu principalement explorer son rôle sur la signalisation, ayant récemment montré au laboratoire que le TfR1, essentiellement connu pour son rôle dans l’endocytose du fer, est également capable d’entraîner une signalisation.Nous avons montré que la transferrine potentialise la stimulation induite par l’EPO des voies ERK, AKT et STAT5. Cet effet est conservé même en l’absence d’endocytose du TfR1. Aucune coopération n’a été trouvée entre la transferrine et le stem cell factor (SCF).Nous avons également observé qu’en l’absence du TfR2, il existe une augmentation de l’expression de l’EPO-R et de la signalisation induite par l’EPO, sans impact de la transferrine dans ce contexte. Par ailleurs, nous avons montré que le Curcuma comosa améliore la prolifération et la différenciation des progéniteurs érythroïdes précoces, par un mécanisme de potentialisation de la signalisation induite par l’EPO impliquant le récepteur aux oestrogènes ER-α.En conclusion, la transferrine et ses récepteurs, ainsi qu’un phytoestrogène et l’ER-α, sont impliqués dans la régulation de l’érythropoïèse via leur action sur la signalisation induite par l’EPO. L’approfondissement de ces données pourrait ouvrir de nouvelles pistes thérapeutiques dans le traitement de l’anémie
Erythropoiesis is an extremely proliferative process and must be very closely regulated. Erythropoietin (EPO) is one of the major factors necessary for erythropoiesis. However, in the bone marrow, the amount of circulating EPO is suboptimal and the ability of erythroblasts to survive therefore depends on their sensitivity to EPO. The factors modulating the response to EPO during erythropoiesis are still largely unknown. We therefore wanted to explore several factors that could potentially be involved in the regulation of erythropoiesis and more specifically in the response to EPO: first, transferrin and its receptors (TfR), transferrin and TfR1 being also essential for erythropoiesis, as well as a phytoestrogen from a plant called Curcuma comosa, as estrogens are also known to promote erythropoiesis. Regarding transferrin, we mainly wanted to explore its role on signaling, having recently shown in the laboratory that TfR1, essentially known for its role in iron endocytosis, is a signaling-competent receptor. We have shown that transferrin potentiates EPO-induced stimulation of the ERK, AKT and STAT5 pathways. This effect is maintained even in the absence of TfR1 endocytosis. No cooperation was found between transferrin and stem cell factor (SCF). We also observed that in the absence of TfR2, there is an increase in EPO-R expression and EPO-induced signaling, without any impact of transferrin in this context.In addition, we have shown that Curcuma comosa improves the proliferation and differentiation of early erythroid progenitors through a mechanism involving the ER-α estrogen receptor, able to potentiate EPO-induced signaling. In conclusion, transferrin and its receptors, as well as a phytoestrogen and ER-α, are involved in the regulation of erythropoiesis through their action on EPO-induced signaling. Further investigation of these data could provide new therapeutic strategies in the treatment of anemia

Curcuma comosa (Zingiberaceae) is widely grown in tropical and subtropical areas of Asia, like Thailand, Indonesia, Malaysia, and Myanmar. In Myanmar, the rhizome of Curcuma comosa is called Sa-nwin-ga, and local people had used it as a traditional medicine for stomach ache, diabetes mellitus, and hypertension. This species produces secondary metabolites of phenolic and nonphenolic groups. Phenolic groups like diarylheptanoids and flavonoids. While nonphenolics are terpenoids, especially sesqui- and monoterpenes. In this chapter, the group of sesquiterpene compounds from Curcuma comosa starts from the isolation technique, followed by the elucidation of the molecular structure, and their activity tests have been discussed.

Introdução: Curcuma longa, popularmente conhecida como açafrão-da-terra, pertence à família Zingiberaceae, é uma planta herbácea de clima tropical quente e úmido, originária da Ásia, e foi introduzida no Brasil no período colonial. A cúrcuma possui flavor característico, aroma picante e sabor amargo que são rotulados como especiaria na maioria das classificações encontradas (AOAC, 1995). Além da sua ampla utilização como especiaria na culinária, a cúrcuma vem sendo utilizada amplamente na medicina asiática tradicional o que desencadeou estudos sobre as suas propriedades. Na literatura há relatos confirmado as atividades antioxidantes, anti-inflamatórias, antimicrobianas e anticancerígenas da cúrcuma (ASAI et al., 1999; GUL et al., 2004; FERRARI et al., 2019). Objetivos: Obtenção de plantas axênicas e criação de um banco de germoplasma. Materiais e Métodos:: O presente estudo é dividido em quatro partes de execução. A primeira, a obtenção do material vegetal, onde os Rizomas de C. longa foram coletados de uma cultura comercial cultivada na fazenda Macaúba em Catalão, Goiás, Brasil. A segunda, a obtenção dos explantes para o cultivo in vitro. A terceira, a desinfestação do explantes para a não propagação de contaminantes e a quarta, o cultivo in vitro da Cúrcuma, o qual foi utilizado a metodologia descrita por RODRIGUES et al. (2007). Resultados: Com o decorrer da execução do projeto, houveram incidências de contaminação, o que fez ser necessária a adequação do protocolo de desinfestação dos explantes, e posteriormente, a produção de plantas axênicas e a elaboração de um banco de germoplasma. Conclusão: Um banco de germoplasma é importante para posteriores estudos e cultivos de uma espécie. Ao final desse trabalho, por se tratar de um projeto em andamento, espera-se que haja um considerável número de plantas e um banco de germoplasma para posterior estudo da atividade biológica do óleo essencial da Curcuma longa.