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1
Patil, Pranali, Rushikesh Tithe, Prasad Gaikwad, Avdhoot Pasalkar, and Tejas Khirid. "Economical Curing Method by Curing Pad for Beam." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 11, no. 5 (2023): 2492–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2023.51946.
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Abstract: Efficient uninterrupted curing is a key to quality concrete. Proper curing of concrete is crucial to obtain design strength and maximum durability considering the cost of curing. Curing is designed primarily to keep the concrete moist, by preventing the loss of moisture from the concrete during the period in which it gains strength. Due to rising problem of scarcity of water and expensive conventional methods of curing, it had become necessary to build-up a new method for concrete curing. This paper represents the experimental work related to a newly developed, effective and economical method of beam curing. This method consists of a technology namely ‘Curing Pad’ that not only absorbs and retains water for an extended period of time but also reduces evaporation losses. Concrete pad consists of 3 layers. The top layer is of a reflector material that reduces evaporation losses. The middle layer comprises of an absorbent material that stores and transmits water to the concrete beam. Bottom layer is binding or packing layer that holds all three layers together. Various tests are performed to check the durability of Curing Pad as well as its performance on concrete beam. These test results are compared to those of ponding method of beam curing.
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kizi, Otaniyozova Farangiz Ogamurod. "FOLK METHOD OF CURING VITAMIN DEFICIENCY IN POULTRY." Eurasian Journal of Medical and Natural Sciences 03, no. 02 (2023): 172–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/ejmns-v03-i02-p1-27.
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The article presents the data of scientific research on the treatment of vitamin deficiency D in poultry. The signs of vitamin deficiency, treatment with herbs and the addition of lower plants to food, the use of the biotechnology method were determined.
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VARSHA, V. YEWALE, L. HAKE SANDEEP, and MOHAN.N.SHIRSATH. "EFFECT ON GEOPOLYMER CONCRETE FOR DIFFERENT TYPES OF CURING METHOD." JournalNX - A Multidisciplinary Peer Reviewed Journal 2, no. 8 (2018): 17–20. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1469368.
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n today’s world the problems we are facing day to day life is pollution and disposal of waste material of industries. In the manufacturing process of cement, emission of CO2 is more and also consumes significant amount of natural resource. In thermal power station, Main problem is disposal of waste material as well as industrial by- product like fly ash from thermal power plant. In this paper, we had studied different types of curing method for Geopolymer concrete and evaluate the best method of curing. In this four types of curing had been done to study the effect on the geopolymer concrete and which one is the more efficient. Oven curing and steam curing had been done for different elevated temperature to evaluate optimum temperature. Water curing had been done similar to that of conventional concrete. https://journalnx.com/journal-article/20150105
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Jeong, Jin-Hoon, and Dan G. Zollinger. "Development of Test Methodology and Model for Evaluation of Curing Effectiveness in Concrete Pavement Construction." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1861, no. 1 (2003): 17–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1861-03.
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Early-age moisture loss from the surface of a concrete pavement may induce undesirable effects that play a factor in long-term performance. Early-age detrimental behavior such as slab curling, warping, delamination, and even plastic shrinkage cracking are affected by the amount of evaporation and the effectiveness of the curing medium. The rate of evaporation is a key item in the monitoring of the quality of the curing. However, most approaches for this are largely empirical and are useful only under laboratory conditions. The effective curing thickness concept is introduced as a method to evaluate the effectiveness of a curing method. The surface relative humidity has the biggest influence on both the effective curing thickness and the rate of evaporation. Thus, prediction of the rate of evaporation of the water from concrete depends on the relative humidity of the surface and is important for evaluation of the curing method. Existing evaporation models, including the American Concrete Institute nomograph, were evaluated for their capabilities in predicting evaporation from curing concrete. Data from a series of laboratory experiments with a modified version of Penman’s evaporation model are also presented.
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Zhang, Kun, Bai Ru Lu, Xun An Zhang, Yi Hong Wang, and Zhan Qu. "Research on Weibull Distribution Theory for Cubic Compressive Strength Test Method of Raw Earth Materials with Different Curing Methods and Time." Key Engineering Materials 896 (August 10, 2021): 129–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.896.129.
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Cube compressive strength of raw-soil based mater is an important index of mechanical property. Because the test results vary by different curing modes and trial curing time, compressive strength test on 160 cubic raw-soil test-pieces which were made by 4 curing modes (natural curing, indoor curing, indoor+ preservative film curing, curing in standard curing chamber) and 4 Curing period (4d, 14d, 21d, 28d) was designed.In this study,the failure mechanism, failure mode, force mechanism of test were analyzed.Using Weibull distribution theory, the influence of different environmental factors on material strength is discussed.The research revealed that the different curing methods and curing time had remarkable effect on failure mode of material, but the load displacement curves had not affected. The compressive strength with 21d and 28d ‘s indoor curing and standard curing method were same in the test.The strength of raw soil increases with time, and the curing temperature had a significant effect on the early strength of raw soil materials, but had little effect on the later strength. The humidity had a great influence on the later growth of material strength. Constant temperature and humidity could effectively ensure the full response of internal water loss hardening of raw soil-based materials, and the strength of specimens increases obviously.The recommended curing mode and standard curing time for standard test of raw-soil test-pieces were temperature of 25-30oC, humidity of 50%-55%, and 28day, respectively.
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Raza, Muhammad Saleem, Haresh Kumar, Danish Kumar, and Naraindas Bheel. "Effect of Various Curing Methods and Curing Days on Compressive Strength of Plain Cement Concrete." Quaid-e-Awam University Research Journal of Engineering, Science & Technology 18, no. 02 (2020): 29–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.52584/qrj.1802.04.
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Concrete is the most important and most consumed construction material in global construction industry. The properties of concrete are greatly influenced by properties of its constituents and curing methods utilized for preparation of specimens. This study is focused on investigating the influence of three common curing methods, i.e., ponding, sprinkling and wet cover curing on compressive strength behavior of concrete. In total, 45 cubes were casted and tested after curing for 3, 7, 14, 28 and 56 days. The obtained results suggest that ponding method of concrete curing is most effective among all the three methods of concrete curing considered in this study. After ponding, the performance of concrete cured with wet cover curing method was quite acceptable. Moreover, the study also suggested that sprinkling method of curing gives lowest compressive strength due to greater moisture movement which abates the hydration of binder in concrete. This study will be helpful for construction practitioners in deciding the best-suited curing method under given conditions and available methods of preparation of concrete.
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Purnomo Adi, Tri. "PENGARUH PERAWATAN BETON (CURING) TERHADAP KUAT TEKAN BETON NORMAL." JITSi : Jurnal Ilmiah Teknik Sipil 3, no. 2 (2023): 61–66. https://doi.org/10.36423/jitsi.v3i2.1489.
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Abstract— Concrete is a mixture consisting of sand, small stones, cement, and water that forms a solid mass. To produce good-quality concrete, concrete work control is needed, and one of those that must be considered is curing during the concrete hardening process until the planned concrete strength age. The curing is carried out to keep the concrete humid and avoid excess water evaporation that might affect the quality of the concrete negatively. This research aimed to determine the effect of three methods of curing (immersion curing method, water curing method, and natural curing method) on normal concrete compressive strength fc’ 20 MPa. From the 28 days of testing, it shows the results: immersion curing method at 25,267 MPa, water curing method at 29,604 MPa, and natural curing method at 23,29 MPa. Based on the three test results above, water curing methods have a higher optimal compressive strength value than the rest of the methods, which are immersion curing methods and natural curing methods. Keywords — Concrete, curing, compressive strength. Abstrak— Beton merupakan suatu campuran yang berisi pasir, kerikil, semen dan air yang membentuk suatu masa padat. Untuk menghasilkan mutu beton yang baik diperlukan kontrol pengerjaan beton, salah satu yang harus diperhatikan ialah perawatan beton (curing) selama proses pengerasan beton sampai umur kekuatan beton yang direncanakan. Perawatan tersebut dilakukan untuk menjaga kelembapan beton dan mencegah terjadinya penguapan air berlebih yang dapat memberi pengaruh negatif terhadap mutu beton. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh dari tiga metode curing (rendam, perawatan siram, dan tanpa perawatan) terhadap kuat tekan beton normal fc’ 20 MPa. Dari pengujian yang dilakukan selama 28 hari diperoleh hasil sebagai berikut metode perawatan rendam sebesar 25,267 MPa, metode perawatan siram sebesar 29,604 MPa, dan metode tanpa perawatan sebesar 23,29 MPa. Berdasarkan hasil dari ketiga metode diatas, metode perawatan siram memiliki nilai kuat tekan yang lebih optimal dibandingkan dengan dua metode lainnya yaitu metode perawatan rendam dan metode tanpa perawatan. Kata kunci — beton, perawatan beton (curing), kuat tekan.
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Zahid, Mohd.Wani, Bhutani Kapil, and Thakur Ajay. "Warm Water Method of Accelerated Curing of Concrete." Journal of Advanced Cement & Concrete Technology 3, no. 2 (2020): 1–3. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3958726.
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The accelerated curing has many applications in manufacturing of precast concrete production. Quality control of concrete is the one of the most important purpose of accelerated curing methods. Conventional structural concrete design is based upon the compressive strength at 28 days determined by casting and curing standard specimens under controlled conditions. Curing of concrete is the process of prevention of loss of moisture and heat from freshly placed concrete by various means so that proper hydration is achieved.
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Sun, He, Yu Yan Liu, Hui Feng Tan, and Chang Guo Wang. "The Two-Stage Curing Method for Shape-Memory Materials." Advanced Materials Research 476-478 (February 2012): 2227–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.476-478.2227.
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In this paper, a various shape-memory materials had been prepared by two-stage curing method. The purpose of using this approach was to maintain the excellent shape memory properties and low glass transition temperature (Tg) of shape-memory materials after first stage curing, furthermore, improve the Tg and heat resistence effectively after second stage curing. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) and fold-deploy shape memory tests were used to characterize the feasibility of two-stage curing, thermodynamics properties and shape memory performance of these polymers. DSC results showed that two different curing stages could be achieved successfully, DMA results suggested that heat resistance of materials had been improved after second curing stage, while the fold-deploy shape memory tests proved that the composites possessed excellent shape memory properties, it could be deformed into different shape and recovered its original shape fully within three minutes.
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Huang, Bei Qing, Kai Yuan Luo, Xian Fu Wei, Ling Ya Gu, and Mu Qun Yu. "Study on a Characterization Method of Curing Rate of UV Curing System Based on Rheokinetics." Applied Mechanics and Materials 262 (December 2012): 454–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.262.454.
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Curing rate is one of the most important performance parameters of UV curing system. During the curing process, curing degree is closely related to curing rate. Cross linking and curing degree of the system could be reflected by rheological characteristics. A method based on rheokinetics was used to characterize radical polymerization reaction which initiated by UV light. Changes of G’ (dynamic modulus) in every stage of curing process were real-time monitored by a rheometer equipped with UV curing accessory. The influence of varieties and contents of photo-initiators on curing process of polyester acrylates was studied. Associating conversion rate with dynamic modulus, a nonlinear kinetic equation was set up to describe the cure reaction. The results show that, this paper has put forward a method based on rheokinetics, to study the curing rate of UV curing system, and provided a new approach to study UV cure reaction.
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Yang, Wenfeng, Xinguang Yin, Shaolong Li, et al. "Design and Validation of a Dielectric Method-Based Composite Material Curing Monitoring Platform." Sensors 25, no. 6 (2025): 1686. https://doi.org/10.3390/s25061686.
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Monitoring the curing process is crucial for guiding and optimizing the curing procedures of composite material repair patches. Traditional embedded online monitoring methods are limited in their ability to track the curing process of these patches. This paper presents a composite material curing monitoring platform designed using dielectric methods. It integrates temperature control, pressure control, dielectric signal acquisition, control and display modules, and is specifically tailored for bag molding curing of repair patches. The platform measures the ionic viscosity of T300 2019B composites, analyzes the curing index, and correlates it with DSC-cured degree tests. The results indicate that the multiple ionic viscosity curves obtained from monitoring exhibit consistent trends, with correlation coefficients between curves exceeding 0.96. The changes in curing index align with the changes in curing degree, demonstrating that the platform can reliably and accurately monitor the ionic viscosity of repair patches. This platform enables effective monitoring of the ionic viscosity during the curing process of composite material repair patches.
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Yang, Lai Xia, Kun Bao, Cheng He, and Di Chen Li. "Research on the Method of Microwave Curing in Selective Laser Sintering." Applied Mechanics and Materials 271-272 (December 2012): 1110–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.271-272.1110.
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Curing process takes play an important role in the selective laser sintering. The advantage and disadvantage of several traditional curing processes was firstly analyzed in this paper. And then the collapse, warping and cracking of coated sand parts in the microwave curing process were studied by experiments and also the solutions was put forward. Using microwave heat to curing coated sand parts is not only high efficiency,energy saving and environmental protection, but also reduced the shrinking and the defect rate of the parts in the curing process.
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Dong, Wanying, Xiaojing Gu, Jianghao Han, and Liwen You. "Universal Adhesives- Different Curing Methods and Applications." E3S Web of Conferences 290 (2021): 01021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202129001021.
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The adhesive is a kind of material with good adhesion properties which could join objects by adhesion of surfaces via forces of adhesion and cohesion. There are many kinds of adhesives. This paper mainly classifies them by curing method, from UV curing and heat curing to moisture curing and microwave curing, and describes the corresponding mechanisms. Furthermore, it covers the advantages and disadvantages, application ranges, and related chemical compounds of different curing ways for adhesives. This can broaden our understandings of different ways of adhesive curing. Besides, it could also help us choose the most appropriate curing method according to different requirements in daily life.
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Ahn, Chi-Hyung, Jinbok Lee, Dong-Jin Kim, and Hyun-Oh Shin. "Development of a Novel Concrete Curing Method Using Induction Heating System." Applied Sciences 11, no. 1 (2020): 236. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11010236.
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This study aimed to develop an accelerated concrete curing method based on induction heating (IH) technology. The proposed curing method provides improved heating efficiency and safety since it directly heats only the metallic forms in a non-contacting manner. It also has the advantage of being capable of heating the concrete according to a desirable heating scenario. The effects of several parameters on its performance were evaluated using a finite element method (FEM)-based thermal analysis and heating performance tests. The FEM analysis revealed the steel form to be appropriate for the IH system. The analysis also revealed that equally spaced three-turn coils yielded increased temperature uniformity in the steel form, which was verified by results of the steel form heating experiments. Furthermore, the minimum temperature generated in the form was sufficient for concrete curing. The efficiency of the use of IH for concrete curing and the effects of curing parameters were further investigated through compression tests after applications of various curing methods and by examining the temperature distributions during curing. The test results revealed early strength development even under water freezing conditions. This demonstrated the effectiveness of IH for concrete curing in cold weather. However, the efficiency decreased when the cross-sectional dimension of the specimen increased. The test results also verified that the maximum temperature and duration of induction heat curing affect the early age strength of concrete.
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Budiono, Herru Santoso, Eko Surojo, Nurul Muhayat, and Wijang Wisnu Raharjo. "Effect of post curing method on flexural strength of composite friction brake." MATEC Web of Conferences 159 (2018): 02008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201815902008.
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Friction brake material is important component in the braking system of the vehicles. These materials are usually made of asbestos and non-asbestos materials. Some non-asbestos materials use natural fibers as reinforcement and phenolic resin as a binder. The post-curing process is carried out by heating a material with specific temperature and time. During post curing, ammonia gas as the reaction of the phenolic resin and HMTA diffuses out from the friction brake material. The heating rate in post curing was supposed affecting process of removal ammonia gas from composite and it will affect mechanical properties of the composite. Therefore, this paper is concerned with effect of post curing method on the composite flexural strength. Composite specimen were manufactured by mixing the ingredients, preforming, hot molding and followed by post curing. Bending tests performed to determine the effect of post curing the flexural strength. The results showed that heating rate in post curing affected flexural strength of composite. Flexural strength of composite decreased with increasing heating rate. Internal defect that were formed during post curing decreased composite flexural strength.
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Akçaözoğlu, Kubilay, and Adem Kıllı. "The effect of curing conditions on the mechanical properties of SIFCON." Revista de la construcción 20, no. 1 (2021): 37–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.7764/rdlc.20.1.37.
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In this study, the effect of curing conditions on the mechanical properties of slurry infiltrated fiber reinforced concrete (SIFCON) was investigated. For this purpose, SIFCON samples containing 4% and 8% steel fiber with two different aspect ratios were produced. The samples were subjected to three different curing types, namely standard, dry and accelerated curing methods. Ultrasonic wave velocity, flexural strength, fracture toughness, compressive strength, impact resistance and capillary water absorption tests were performed on the samples. The highest flexural strength was found to be achieved in the samples with an aspect ratio of 55 and a content of 8% steel fiber. The most suitable curing method was determined as the standard curing method and the best flexural strength was achieved at the rate of 8%. According to the test results, the best strength properties were achieved in the samples exposed to the standard curing method. In addition, the samples exposed to the accelerated curing method showed satisfactory values. The accelerated curing method can be used as an alternative in SIFCON production especially in applications requiring mass production.
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Zhong, Chunling, Mo Liu, Yunlong Zhang, and Jing Wang. "Study on Mix Proportion Optimization of Manufactured Sand RPC and Design Method of Steel Fiber Content under Different Curing Methods." Materials 12, no. 11 (2019): 1845. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12111845.
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This study investigated four factors (water/binder ratio, silica fume, fly ash, and sand/binder ratio) using the orthogonal experimental design method to prepare the mix proportions of a manufactured sand reactive powder concrete (RPC) matrix to determine the optimal matrix mix proportions. On this basis, we assessed the compressive and splitting tensile strengths of different steel fiber contents under natural, standard, and compound curing conditions to develop an economical and reasonable RPC for various engineering requirements. A calculation method for the RPC strength of the steel fiber contents was evaluated. The results showed that the optimum steel fiber content for manufactured sand RPC is 4% under natural, standard, and compound curing conditions. Compared with standard curing, compound curing can improve the early strength of manufactured sand RPC but only has a small effect on the enhancement of late strength. Although the strength of natural curing is slightly lower than that of standard curing, it basically meets project requirements and is beneficial for practical applications. The calculation formula of 28-day compressive and splitting tensile strengths of manufactured sand RPC steel fiber at 0%–4% is proposed to meet the different engineering requirements and the flexible selection of steel fiber content.
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Saražin, Jaša, Bogdan Šega, and Milan Šernek. "Curing characterization of tannin-hexamine adhesive by automated bonding evaluation system, dielectric analysis, and dynamic mechanical analysis." BioResources 16, no. 3 (2021): 6174–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.16.3.6174-6185.
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The characterization of the curing process allows the determination of the optimal pressing parameters, which is essential for the economical production of wood-based composites. In this study, an automated bonding evaluation system (ABES), dielectric analysis (DEA), and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) were used to determine the curing parameters of biobased pine tannin-hexamine adhesive at five temperatures ranging from 75 to 175 °C. This study aimed to compare the three above methods and to find correlations between them. All methods showed the same trend of the curing process, which became faster with increasing temperature. Due to various heating rates among the different methods, the curves representing the degree of cure were shifted to the left for the period in which nearly isothermal conditions were reached. It was determined that these methods could be mutually comparable. The ABES was regarded as the reference method; the DEA was regarded as a method that overestimates the curing process and that describes the beginning of the curing process more precisely; and the DMA method was regarded as a method that underestimates the curing process and that describes the end of the curing process more precisely. Linear trend lines were found between the observed methods.
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FURUICHI, Hiroaki. "Experimental evaluation method of curing condition and shrinkage for UV curing adhesive." Transactions of the JSME (in Japanese) 87, no. 897 (2021): 20–00344. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/transjsme.20-00344.
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Rohith T Y, Naidu, and G. V. V. Satyanarayana. "Comparative study on aerated concrete using steam curing and conventional curing method." E3S Web of Conferences 309 (2021): 01205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202130901205.
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Aerated concrete is made by introducing gas into concrete, the number dependent upon the necessities for strength. One methodology to attain this can be by utilizing Al Powder that reacts with the lime made upon association of the cement. The aim of the present study was to research the comparison between the steam curing method and the conventional curing method. The results specified that a rise in powdered aluminium content caused a decrease within the compressive strength, and an increase in change in volume when the aluminium powder is increased.
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Tayebi, Salar, Ali Pourkazemi, Nicolas Ospitia Patino, Kato Thibaut, Olsi Kamami, and Johan Stiens. "A Novel Approach to Non-Destructive Rubber Vulcanization Monitoring by the Transient Radar Method." Sensors 22, no. 13 (2022): 5010. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22135010.
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Rubber is one of the most used materials in the world; however, raw rubber shows a relatively very low mechanical strength. Therefore, it needs to be cured before its ultimate applicatios. Curing process specifications, such as the curing time and temperature, influence the material properties of the final cured product. The transient radar method (TRM) is introduced as an alternative for vulcanization monitoring in this study. Three polyurethane-rubber samples with different curing times of 2, 4, and 5.5 min were studied by TRM to investigate the feasibility and robustness of the TRM in curing time monitoring. Additionally, the mechanical stiffness of the samples was investigated by using a unidirectional tensile test to investigate the potential correlations between curing time, dielectric permittivity, and stiffness. According to the results, the complex permittivity and stiffness of the samples with 2, 4, and 5.5 min of curing time was 17.33 ± 0.07 − (2.41 ± 0.04)j; 17.09 ± 0.05 − (4.90 ± 0.03)j; 23.60 ± 0.05 − (14.06 ± 0.06)j; and 0.29, 0.35, and 0.38 kPa, respectively. Further statistical analyses showed a correlation coefficient of 0.99 (p = 0.06), 0.80 (p = 0.40), and 0.92 (p = 0.25) between curing time–stiffness, curing time–permittivity (real part), and curing time–permittivity (imaginary part), respectively. The correlation coefficient between curing time and permittivity can show the potential of the TRM system in contact-free vulcanization monitoring, as the impact of vulcanization can be tracked by means of TRM.
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Amartey, Bilkisu Hassan Sada, Ibrahim Aliyu, and Bashir Usman. "DEVELOPMENT OF COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH PREDICTIVE MODELS OF SELF-COMPACTING CONCRETE CURED USING DIFFERENT CURING METHODS." FUDMA JOURNAL OF SCIENCES 8, no. 1 (2024): 305–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.33003/fjs-2024-0801-1012.
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Curing is the process of controlling the rate and extent of moisture loss, relative humidity and temperature from newly poured concrete for a certain period of time after it has been cast or finished to ensure that the cement has been properly hydrated and the concrete has hardened. The concrete strength, durability and other physical properties are affected by curing and application of the various types as it relates to the prevailing weather conditions in a particular locality, as curing is one of many requirements for concrete production, as such it is important to study the effect of different curing method. The concrete cube specimens produced with cement, fine aggregate, and coarse aggregate mix-ratio of 1:2.23:1.62 were prepared with a water-cement ratio of 0.5 and superplasticizer (SP) dosages of 0.5%, 1.0%, and 1.5%. The SP dosages were computed as percentages by weight of the cement content. The cubes were tested for compressive strength after curing for 7, 14, 21, 28, and 56 days using three curing methods namely; Immersion, open air, and wet burlap curing methods. This study assessed the effect of different curing methods on compressive strength of self-compacting concrete through the development of a mathematical method to model and analyze the effect of the curing methods used on the compressive strength of the SCC and also to validate the reliability of the method used. Data Fit software was used in the model development, the curing age and super-plasticizer dosage were used as independent variables while the compressive strength...
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Harith, Iman Kattoof, Basim H. Amanah, and Maryam Hameed Naser. "Effect of Proposed Accelerated Curing Method on High Volume Fly Ash Concrete." Key Engineering Materials 924 (June 30, 2022): 213–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-97s10r.
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In the modern construction practice high amounts of fly ash are not accepted by the construction industry due to a slower rate of strength gain at early age. A study has been undertaken to hasten the hydration process by proposed accelerated curing method of high volume fly ash concrete. Large amount of cement (up to 70% by weight) has been replaced by fly ash. The test results of the compressive strength of accelerated cured mixtures gives about (87-100)% strength ratios from itsa28 days compressive strength within one day only. That indicates, the compressive strength at 28 days can be achieved within 1 day only by using proposed accelerated curing. The results of drying shrinkage show that, the drying shrinkage of mixtures under conventional and accelerated curing conditions are comparable and these results add further benefit of this proposed accelerated curing. Key word: accelerated curing, high volume fly ash , curing cycle, drying shrinkage, flow ability.
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Elleithy, Wael, Chin Chee Fung, Jayaprakash Jaganathan, Teck Leong Lau, and Mohammed Parvez Anwar. "Effect of Curing Method on Concrete with Palm Oil Fuel Ash as a Cement Replacement." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 3.36 (2018): 68. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i3.36.29081.
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In this paper, the effect of different curing methods on the strength of concrete with palm oil fuel ash as a cement replacement is investigated. An experimental program was carried out to study the effect of five different curing methods, i.e., water curing (WC), air curing (AC), plastic-wrapped curing (PC), oven and water curing (OWC), and oven and air curing (OAC), on the compressive and flexural strengths of palm oil fuel ash concrete (POFA20), where 20% of the cement was replaced by palm oil fuel ash. The results obtained from this investigation showed that POFA20-WC has the highest compressive and flexural strength, whilst POFA20-AC has the lowest at the age of 28 days. Both of the POFA20-OWC and POFA20-OAC have the highest compressive and flexural strength at the age of 3 days. The results emphasize the positive effect of oven curing procedure to achieve high compressive and flexural strength at early stage. However, the rate of hydration started to decrease at later stages, which leads to much lower rate of gaining strength in POFA20-OWC and POFA20-OAC. Water curing method is thus recommended in the construction industry except for extraordinary requirements and/or circumstances.
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Rath, Badrinarayan, Shirish Deo, and Gangadhar Ramtekkar. "Curing: The easiest and cheapest method to increase the durability and strength of concrete." Facta universitatis - series: Architecture and Civil Engineering 16, no. 3 (2018): 475–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/fuace180919023r.
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Curing is a process which follows immediately after placing and finishing of concrete. It maintains a satisfactory moisture content and temperature in concrete for a period of time so that the desired properties may develop. Curing has a strong influence on the properties of hardened concrete. With proper curing concrete becomes stronger, more impermeable, and more resistant to stress, abrasion, and freezing and thawing. Using of fiber in concrete may improve these properties but it increases the cost of concrete. This paper reports the results of a study conducted to assess the effect of ages of curing on durability and strength of fiber and non fiber reinforced concrete. Also a comparative study of cost per unit strength and cost per unit service life period is done in between fiber reinforced concrete and non fiber reinforced concrete with proper curing. The concrete cubes were prepared by varying three water cement ratios and by curing them for a different number of curing days. Bulk electrical resistivity test, ultrasonic pulse velocity test, compressive strength test, flexural strength test and carbonation depth test of the cured cubes were performed. From the test results it is found that proper curing of traditional concrete is more economical than fiber reinforced concrete in achieving the same strength and durability.
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Zhang, Xuejian, Lincai Ge, Yunlong Zhang, and Jing Wang. "Mechanical Properties of Carbon-Fiber RPC and Design Method of Carbon-Fiber Content under Different Curing Systems." Materials 12, no. 22 (2019): 3759. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12223759.
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Natural, standard, and compound curing are adopted to study the effect of different curing systems on the reinforcement of carbon fiber in reactive powder concrete (RPC). This work systematically studies the changes in RPC compressive and tensile strengths under different curing systems. Taking age, fiber content, and curing system as parameters, Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) microscopic methods are used to study the influencing mechanism of carbon-fiber content and curing systems on RPC. The calculation methods of the RPC strength of different carbon-fiber contents are studied. Results show that the optimum carbon-fiber content of carbon-fiber RPC is 0.75% under the natural, standard, and compound curing conditions. In comparison with standard curing, compound curing can improve the early strength of carbon-fiber RPC and slightly affect the improvement of late strength. The strength is slightly lower in natural curing than in standard curing, but the former basically meets the requirements of the project and is beneficial for the practical application of this project. The calculation formula of 28-day compressive and splitting tensile strengths of carbon-fiber content from 0% to 0.75% is proposed to select the carbon-fiber content flexibly to satisfy different engineering requirements.
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Yong, Chee Lok, Kim Hung Mo, and Suhana Koting. "Influence of thermal activation on the properties of non-ferrous slag blended cement mortar." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1289, no. 1 (2023): 012081. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1289/1/012081.
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Abstract In this paper, the influence of different thermal activation methods, namely the hot water curing method and steam curing method on the properties of cement mortar blended with low-volume non-ferrous slag (NFS) (15% cement replacement) is investigated. Therefore, mortar specimens are intrinsically prepared and cured at a controlled temperature of 60 °C in the different curing methods for a short period of 6 hours. Results showed that the steam curing method can significantly improve the compressive strength, reduce the water absorption level and densify the morphology of NFS blended cement mortar. The findings may contribute to accelerating the strength gain of NFS in cement-based material and reduce the amount of cement used.
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Wu, Yuheng, Zhiming Guo, Hongjian Yu, and Xiaolong Fu. "Research on Curing Reaction Kinetics and Curing Process of Nitrate Ester Plasticized Polyether (NEPE) Propellants." Polymers 17, no. 4 (2025): 464. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym17040464.
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The casting−curing process is a common technology for manufacturing the Nitrate Ester Plasticized Polyether (NEPE) propellants. The curing process involves a coupled thermal-chemical reaction of the adhesive systems of propellant, which influences the curing stage. Using GID 16 software, a propellant grain curing simulation model was conducted. This study employs a model-fitting method based on non-isothermal DSC experiments to analyze the curing reaction kinetics of propellants. Two methods, Kissinger and Ozawa, were used to determine the activation energy of the curing reaction. The reaction activation energy obtained by the Ozawa method was chosen as the simulation parameter Ea = 59.378 based on the fitting coefficients. The simulation comprehensively onsidered flow, temperature, and curing reaction parameters, achieving multi-field coupling of thermal and curing degree fields during the curing process. The macroscopic temperature variations of the pillars were monitored using thermocouples. The experimental results show that the final curing temperature is stable at about 48.2 °C. At about 21,000 s, the overall temperature of the grain converges. The experimental results were compared with the simulation results, revealing minor discrepancies. Experimental and simulation methods were used to verify the changing law of the temperature field inside the propellant grain. Furthermore, these results have significance for improving the casting−curing industrial process of the composite solid propellant.
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Chen, Ming Qiang, Shao Min Liu, Feng Li, Zhong Lian Yang, and Ye Zhang. "The Study on Curing Kinetics of Lignin Based Epoxy Resin System Using Non-Isothermal DSC Method." Advanced Materials Research 788 (September 2013): 223–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.788.223.
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The synthesis of Lignin Base Epoxy Resin was based on industrial alkali lignin, and lignin-based epoxy resin curing characteristics were analyzed using the thermal weight loss technology under the oxygen atmosphere conditions. In light of the infra-red analysis of raw materials, the curing reaction kinetic parameters of lignin-based epoxy resin system were calculated using the Kissinger-Crane and Flynn-Wall-Ozawa method, and the curing reaction kinetics model of lignin-based epoxy resin system was established. The results showed that the kinetic parameters obtained using two methods were approximate, which validated that the curing reaction was consistent with the principle of the first-order reaction model. Initial curing temperature Ti0=454.88 K, curing temperature Tp0=507.55 K, and terminal temperature Tf0=598.77 K of lignin-based epoxy resin system were obtained when the extrapolation method was applied.
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Adibah Ayuni Abd Malek, Nur, Khairunnisa Muhamad, Mohd Zulham Affandi Mohd Zahid, et al. "Evaluation of bond strength between normal concrete and high performance fiber reinforced concrete (HPFRC)." MATEC Web of Conferences 195 (2018): 01015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201819501015.
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High Performance Fiber Reinforced Concrete (HPFRC) has been proposed to be used as a repair material for the deterioration of concrete structure since its very low porosity that leads to a low permeability and high durability. This characteristic makes it suitable for rehabilitation and retrofitting reinforced concrete structures or for as a new repair material. The bond strength between HPFRC and old concrete should have a good bond strength, thus surface preparation method and curing method can help strengthen the bond strength between HPFRC and normal concrete. This paper was performed to study the effect of surface preparation and curing method on the bond strength between HPFRC and normal concrete. In this study, three surface preparations were prepared: sandblasting, grooved and drill hole. Then, the curing methods that were performed in this study are ambient curing and water curing. The tests that were conducted to evaluate the bond strength between HPFRC and normal concrete are slant shear test and splitting tensile test. The result from this study shows that sandblasting gave the highest bond strength result between normal concrete and HPFRC. For the curing method, water curing gives the highest bond strength between normal concrete and HPFRC.
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A. I., Muhammad, Shashivendra D., Abhishek U., et al. "A Review on the Curing of Concrete using Different Methods." International Journal of Mechanical and Civil Engineering 7, no. 2 (2024): 15–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.52589/ijmce-4envmzox.
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The hardened properties and durability of concrete are dependent on the moisture and temperature condition of the concrete during its hydration process. This review explores various methods of curing concrete focusing on their effectiveness in improving the performance and sustainability of concrete structures. Traditional methods of curing (such as ponding, sprinkling) and the modern curing techniques (such as curing compounds, self-curing agents and steam curing) are compared. The advantages and disadvantages of these methods are highlighted and water curing is found to be the most effective method of concrete curing, for it allows for the maintenance of adequate moisture and temperature, and it does not change the macro and microscopic structure of the concrete. The research methodology includes extensive literature, experimental studies and performance evaluations. The review aimed at providing a comprehensive understanding of the best curing practices for different projects and working conditions.
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Jiang, Xiao Shu, Jian Xin Wang, and Fang Lei Xu. "A New Method of Preparation of Photo-Thermal Conversion of Ceramifiable Coatings." Applied Mechanics and Materials 713-715 (January 2015): 2572–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.713-715.2572.
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Photo-thermal conversion of ceramifiable coatings were prepared by poly(siloxanes), glass and Al, CNTs powders as adhesive and pigment, respectively. The influence of Al concentration, curing temperature, single-doped, double-doped on the property of photo-thermal conversion was systematically investigated. The detailed results of experimental investigation indicate that the thermal emissivity of coatings composite with Al would slightly elevated after curing at 500 °C, after curing at 700 °C, the thermal emissivity of these coatings have litter to do with the Al concentration. The coatings composite with 40% Al and 10% CNTs after curing at 500 °C exhibited superior in photo-thermal conversion property.
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Cheng, Yan Fang, Ying Zhou, Ran Yan, et al. "Effect of Different Curing Catalysts on Curing Behavior of Transparent Epoxy Molding Compound for SMD LED Packaging." Applied Mechanics and Materials 692 (November 2014): 272–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.692.272.
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The transparent epoxy molding compound (EMC) for integrated circuits (IC) packaging was prepared by using tetrahydromethyl-1,3-isobenzofurandione as curing agent, respectively using 2-methyl imidazole and triphenyl phosphine as curing accelerator. The effect of curing accelerator type on curing behavior of EMC was investigated by non-isothermal DSC method in this paper. Based on Kissinger method, Crane method and Ozawa method, the kinetic parameters such as activation energy and reaction order of the curing reaction were obtained. The characteristic temperatures of the curing process such as gel temperature, curing temperature and post-curing temperature were calculated by extrapolation. The results showed that EMC with 2-methyl imidazole had a lower activation energy compared to EMC with triphenyl phosphine, which provided the basic data for the optimal recipe of EMC and the determination of IC packaging technologies.
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Luo, Yong Hui, Zhen Guo Gao, and Guo Lin Miao. "Prediction of Cement Compressive Strength Based on Accelerated Curing Method." Advanced Materials Research 250-253 (May 2011): 118–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.250-253.118.
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Prediction of cement compressive strength was studied with accelerated curing methods, e.g. warm water and boiling water curing. The results indicate that fineness and the type of cements is few influencing on the 28-day compressive strength, and the difference is not distinct between the two methods. The boiling water fast-curing method is recommended since it doesn’t need additional equipments and has the advantage of convenient and high-speed. The prediction equation adopts linear model, and robust estimation of parameters is also applied to eliminate influences of outliers.
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Jiang, Wei, Jilai Xue, Kaixi Jiang, et al. "Recovery of Valuable Metals from Polymetallic Refractory Concentrate by a Sulfuric Acid Curing and Leaching Method." Separations 11, no. 1 (2023): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/separations11010007.
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Sulfuric acid curing and leaching is a promising technology for treating refractory ores. In this work, a refractory concentrate containing 3191 ppm uranium (U), 2135 ppm niobium (Nb), and 0.7% rare earth minerals (REMs) went through two stages: curing by high-concentration H2SO4 and leaching by low-concentration H2SO4. We investigated the behavior of those valuable metals during the two stages. For both curing and leaching, the operating parameters include the acid-to-solid ratio, time, temperature, and H2SO4 concentration. The recovery for U, Nb, and REMs was as high as 95%, 86%, and 73.5% using a curing acid-to-solid ratio of 1:1, curing temperature of 200 °C, curing time of 1 h, H2SO4 concentration of 98%, leaching liquid-to-solid ratio of 4:1, leaching time of 2 h, leaching temperature of 60 °C, and leaching H2SO4 concentration of 5 g/L. A “sulfuric acid curing–leaching-U extraction by N235–Nb recovery by resin adsorption–REMs’ recovery by resin adsorption” method was implemented, where the overall U, Nb, and REMs’ recovery reached 93.1%, 84.5%, and 69.6%, respectively.
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Al Rawi, R. S., Firas F. Abdul-Hameed, and Zena K. Abbas. "ESTIMATION THE 7 AND 28- DAY NORMAL COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH BY ACCELERATED TEST METHODS IN CONCRETE." Journal of Engineering 17, no. 06 (2011): 1426–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.31026/j.eng.2011.06.10.
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Curing of concrete is the maintenance of a satisfactory moisture content and temperature for aperiod of time immediately following placing so the desired properties are developed. Acceleratedcuring is advantages where early strength gain in concrete is important. The expose of concretespecimens to the accelerated curing conditions which permit the specimens to develop a significantportion of their ultimate strength within a period of time (1-2 days), depends on the method of thecuring cycle.Three accelerated curing test methods are adopted in this study. These are warm water,autogenous and proposed test methods. The results of this study has shown good correlationbetween the accelerated strength especially for the proposal curing test method and normal strengthusing normal curing method at ages 7 and 28 day for the five different chemical composition ofcement with different water to cement ratios equal to 0.45, 0.55, 0.65 and 0.75. Linear andnonlinear regression analysis show high correlation for the different types of the accelerated curingmethods with coefficient of correlation (R2) more than 0.9.
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Amar, R. Chougule*1 M. B. Patil 2. K. B. Praksh3. "AN EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION ON COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH OF HVGGBFS CONCRETE CURED WITH DIFFERENT CURING TECHNIQUES." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING SCIENCES & RESEARCH TECHNOLOGY 7, no. 8 (2018): 188–93. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1336719.
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Improvement in construction and chemical industry have covered an approach for development of new curing techniques. Significant amount of research has been conducted to evaluate curing effectiveness and its effect on various concrete properties. This paper synthesizes outcome from experimental investigation carried out as per IS: 10262-2009 standards to evaluate the compressive strength of high volume ground granulated blast furnace slab (HVGGBFS) concrete made by replacing cement by 0%, 50% and 60% GGBFS at various curing techniques. The curing techniques adopted for the present experimental work are water curing, steam curing, steam curing with high pressure, compound curing, lime water curing and curing by super absorbent polymers (SAP). Finally comparing the results of compressive strength of different curing techniques. An effort has been made here to understand the compressive strength property of HVGGBFS concrete for different curing methods adopted and are compared with conventional water curing method. Results indicates that, HVGGBFS concrete cured by using lime water curing technique gives more compressive strength compared to conventional water curing technique.
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A, Sasikumar, Harikrishnan R, Abarna M, and Karthick A. "A Comparative Study on the Behaviour of Various Methods of Curing Concrete." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 12, no. 10 (2024): 1200–1203. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2024.64784.
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Abstract: The properties of cement-based products, especially their durability, are predominantly influenced by curing, since it has a remarkable effect on the hydration of the cement. Proper curing of cement-based products is crucial to obtaining design strength and maximum durability. The curing period depends on the type of cement works, the purpose for which it is to be used and the surrounding atmosphere, namely temperature and relative humidity. Curing is designed primarily to maintain the moisture, by avoiding the loss of moisture from the period in which it is gaining strength. Curing may be applied in a number of different processes and the mass appropriate means of curing may be directed by the site or the construction method. In this critique, a paper struggle has been made to understand the working and efficiency of curing system which are generally adopted in the construction industry and compared with the standard water curing method.
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Guo, Lixia, Minghua Wang, Ling Zhong, and Yanan Zhang. "Calculation Model for the Mixing Amount of Internal Curing Materials in High-strength Concrete based on Modified MULTIMOORA." Science and Engineering of Composite Materials 27, no. 1 (2020): 455–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/secm-2020-0048.
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AbstractThe internal curing technology has been widely applied to high-strength concrete, for it can make the high-strength concrete marked by low shrinkage and durable frost resistance. The key to its extension and application lies in the reasonable mixing amount of internal curing materials. To address this problem, scholars have proposed a method for determining the water demand in internal curing; however, the water release of internal curing materials is difficult to obtain by measurement due to the mixing method. Therefore, this paper proposed a calculation model for the mixing amount of internal curing materials based on the modified MULTIMOORA method (Multi-Objective Optimization on the basis of Ratio Analysis plus full multiplicative form). First, different internal curing materials (super absorbent polymer (SAP), lightweight aggregate (LWA)) and pretreatment methods were selected to calculate their compressive strength, self-shrinkage and frost durability according to a proposed test scheme on the mixing amount of internal curing materials, and in such case, the comprehensive performance evaluation of the above indexes was turned into a multi-attribute decision-making problem. Second, the ordered weighted averaging (OWA) method and the entropy weight method were used to determine the subjective and objective weights of the indexes respectively, to eliminate the impact of outliers in the subjective evaluation values. Finally, the comprehensive performance of each test group was sorted using MULTIMOORA, and based on the sorting results and the calculation model, the mixing amount of internal curing materials was determined. The numerical example application results showed that the mixing amount of SAP curing material calculated based on the model herein was 1.276 kg/m3, and the mixing method adopted the pre-water absorption method with the total water-binder ratio unchanged. The numerical example evaluation results were in good agreement with the test results. The internal curing effect of SAP was better than that of LWA, and reached the best when the mixing amount was calculated at 25 times the water release rate and the requirement for the maximum total water diversion was met. The study may provide new ideas for extension and application of the internal curing technology.
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Al Rifai, Mohammad. "Dental Composite Curing System Apparatus and Method." Dental News 22, no. 3 (2015): 64–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.12816/0017113.
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Minh, Tran Nhat, Tan Khoa Nguyen, Ninh Thuy Nguyen, Tan Hung Nguyen, and Anh Tuan Le. "Investigation of the Compressive Strength of Fly Ash–based Geopolymer Concrete cured by Oven and Microwave Radiation." Engineering, Technology & Applied Science Research 15, no. 2 (2025): 20972–78. https://doi.org/10.48084/etasr.10272.
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This study investigates the influence of three different curing methods -oven, microwave, and hybrid microwave–oven- on the compressive strength of Fly Ash (FA)-based geopolymer concrete. Five mixtures with an Alkaline Liquid (AL) to FA ratio varying from 0.6 to 1.0, combined with different curing conditions, were tested to evaluate the highest compressive strength values. The results revealed that the maximum compressive strength was observed at 30.2 MPa for oven-curing at 80 ℃ for 16 hours, 13.7 MPa for microwave curing at 400 W for 10 minutes, and 33.1 MPa for hybrid curing (microwave at 400 W for 10 minutes) followed by oven at 80 ℃ for 8 hours. These findings indicate that the hybrid curing method is an optimal solution, developing higher compressive strength in a shorter time compared to traditional curing methods.
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KIM, JUNG SU, DONG SOO KIM, MIN CHEOL LEE, and WON HEE LEE. "A METHOD OF 3D FREEFORM FABRICATION USING A CURING OF PHOTOPOLYMER RESIN." International Journal of Modern Physics B 22, no. 09n11 (2008): 1839–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021797920804750x.
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Recently, Study of 3D freeform fabrication method was working in the various applications. For example, in the powder base, it's laminated using a binding method or laser sintering method. However, the demerits of these methods are to take long time for post process and not enough to keep high strength of manufacturing part. The binding method needs the post process and the time for post process needs longer time than a manufacturing time. The sintering method has huge size of system with module of the laser. In this paper, we introduce a method of 3D freeform fabrication using a curing of photopolymer resin. A photopolymer curing method has simply fabrication process and high strength of manufacturing part. So, we are configuration the system with compact type module for the office environment and experiment a UV curing test with photopolymer resin in the 3D freeform fabrication method. In the conclusion, we fabricate the 3D freeform part, which is suitable to the office environment using a photopolymer curing method.
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Zhang, Zhaoyun, Chuang Xie, Zhaohu Sang, and Dejun Li. "Optimizing the Mechanical Performance and Microstructure of Alkali-Activated Soda Residue-Slag Composite Cementing Materials by Various Curing Methods." Sustainability 14, no. 20 (2022): 13661. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su142013661.
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Aiming to promote further the application of alkali-activated soda residue-ground granulated blast furnace slag (SR-GGBS) cementing materials, this study explored the optimal curing method for enhancing mechanical performance. The optimal curing method was determined based on the development of compressive strengths at different curing periods and microstructural examination by XRD, FTIR, SEM, and TG-DTG. The results show that the strength of cementing materials after room-temperature (RT) dry curing was the poorest, with the slow development of mechanical performance. The 7d and 28d compressive strengths were only 14.62 and 20.99 MPa, respectively. Compared with the values after RT dry curing, the samples’ 7d and 28d compressive strengths after RT water curing, standard curing, and RT sealed curing were enhanced by 16.35%/24.06%, 30.98%/23.77%, and 38.24%/37.97%, respectively. High-temperature (HT) curing can significantly improve the early strength of the prepared cementing materials. Curing at 60 °C for 12 h was the optimal HT curing method. Curing at 60 °C for 12 h enhanced the 3d strength by 100.84% compared with standard curing. This is because HT curing promoted the decomposition and aggregation of GGBS, and more C-A-S-H gel and crystal hydration products, including ettringite and calcium chloroaluminate hydrate, were produced and filled the inner pores, thereby enhancing both the overall compactness and mechanical performance. However, curing at too high temperatures for too long can reduce the material’s overall mechanical performance. After excess HT curing, many shrinkage cracks were produced in the sample. Different thermal expansion coefficients of different materials led to a decline in strength. The present study can provide a theoretical foundation for extensive engineering applications of alkali-activated SR-GGBS composite cementing materials.
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Li, Bixiong, Xin Wei, Zhibo Zhang, and Bo Peng. "The Influence of Excitation Method on the Strength of Glass Powder High-Strength Cementitious Materials." Buildings 14, no. 3 (2024): 569. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings14030569.
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Recycling economy and the re-utilization of solid waste have become important parts of sustainable development strategy. To improve the utilization rate of waste glass, glass powder high-strength cementitious material (GHSC) was prepared by replacing part of the cement in the cementitious material with ground waste glass powder. Firstly, the effect of glass powder particle size on the flexural and compressive strength of GHSC was investigated by the gray correlation method, and the optimal grinding time was obtained. Additionally, the effect of the magnitude of steam curing temperature and the length of steam curing time on the compressive strength and flexural strength of GHSC was investigated, and the mechanism of the effect of the curing regime on the strength was explored by examination of the microstructure. Finally, to simplify the curing process of GHSC, the effects of Ca(OH)2 and Na2SO4 as excitation agents on the compressive strength and flexural strength of GHSC at different dosing levels were compared. The results showed that glass powder with a particle size of less than 20 μm would improve the compressive strength and flexural strength of the specimen. Steam curing can significantly improve the flexural strength and compressive strength of GHSC specimens. At a steam curing temperature of 90 °C for a duration of three days, the compressive strength and flexural strength of GHSC increased by 76.7% and 98.2%, respectively, compared with the standard curing specimens. Ca(OH)2 and Na2SO4 as excitation agents significantly enhanced the compressive and flexural strengths of GHSC under standard curing conditions.
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Jasim, Hawar Hasan. "Assessment of The Effectiveness of Available External Curing Environmentally Sustainable Techniques on Concrete Compressive Strength Grade C30, in Kurdistan-Iraq." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1507, no. 1 (2025): 012059. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1507/1/012059.
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Abstract The influence of compressive strength on concrete application in construction is significant. The 28-day compressive strength of concrete cubes is considered the minimum specified strength in design codes. Samples are tested in the lab and kept moist throughout. However, actual curing conditions on site often differ significantly. Curing is crucial for achieving final strength, but its importance is often ignored and misunderstood. Curing affects quality and strength by preventing moisture loss and shrinkage. Cracks from inadequate curing can lower construction quality and risk user safety. External curing methods help achieve desired concrete properties. Most methods use water; a lot is used to cure concrete. Water scarcity in Kurdistan-Iraq is a challenge. Curing concrete externally with eco-friendly materials is a new method where water in the mix is retained for hydration without more water. This research has two main goals: assess curing methods in Kurdistan - Iraq and evaluate their efficiency. Results show curing is often neglected in construction projects due to excessive curing time can increase costs and cause unnecessary project delays. Curing on vertical surfaces like columns is challenging with water. Civil engineers are aware of curing benefits but its implementation is found to be inadequate. This study examines the impact of five curing methods on concrete compressive strength for vertical surfaces: blanket with sprinkling water, burlap with sprinkling water, plastic sheet (polythene sheet), PVC stretch film 25mic, and curing compound. These methods are compared with water submersion and without curing to identify unsuitable methods that could compromise concrete quality. Concrete mix design 1:1.5:3 with w/c 0.5 per ASTM standards is used to prepare cubic concrete specimens. Results indicate varying effects of the five curing methods on compressive strength, meeting requirements, while without curing is ineffective.
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Zulkiflee, Normarliana, and Ahmad Zurisman Mohd Ali. "The Development of Geopolymer Concrete Mix and Portable Steam Curing Technique." E3S Web of Conferences 65 (2018): 02009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20186502009.
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Geopolymers concrete is environmental-friendly constructions material utilizing waste as the main ingredient in a concrete binder. Various properties of heat-cured geopolymer concrete have shown its suitability for applications such as precast concrete structure. However, the heat-cured method for geopolymers such as steamer generator and a dry-air oven is limited due to the curing system is not mobilized and it is an industrial form. Thus, these types of curing system is not suitable for cast in situ applications. Based on the study carried out, new finding will be proposed to determine the effectiveness of portable steam curing as the new alternative curing technique for geopolymer concrete. Engineering properties of Class F fly ash based geopolymer concrete after curing with portable steam curing method are study and the corresponding results will be compared with the oven curing method. At the end of the research, the portable steam curing method can offer the effectiveness of geopolymer concrete for cast-in-situ alternatives. Besides, the maximum compressive strength of geopolymer concrete with a portable steam curing can be achieved within 24 hours at 80°C.
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XU, Haoqing, Yuan FANG, Aizhao ZHOU, et al. "Curing Kinetics and Mechanism Research of E44/T31 Insulation Paint." Materials Science 25, no. 4 (2019): 478–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.ms.25.4.22095.
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Epoxy resin insulation paint was prepared with epoxy resin (E44) as binder and with proper inorganic fillers and curing agent (T31) as additives. The isothermal curing reaction process of paint was studied by the differential scanning calorimetry method (DSC), and the curves of curing reaction rate versus time of paint were obtained. The curing reaction kinetics was investigated by using the phenomenological method, and the corresponding parameters of the n-order model, autocatalytic model and Kamal model were determined by fitting the experimental data, respectively. According to the values of R2 and the sum of square due to error (SSE), a suitable curing reaction kinetic model was determined. The curing reaction mechanism of paint was ascertained by the dynamic temperature DSC method and IR spectroscopy (FTIR) method. The results show that the Kamal model can be used to describe the curing kinetics of epoxy resin paint, and the total reaction orders increase from 1.30 to 2.14. The two rate constants increase with the increase of the curing temperature. The activation energy is 90.5832 kJ/mol and 68.3733 kJ/mol respectively, and the pre-exponential factors are 6.521 × 1015 s-1 and 6.3807 × 109 s-1. The curing reaction of paint consists of two steps: the first step is the addition reaction of epoxy group and primary amine or secondary amine; the second step is the etherification reaction of epoxy group and phenolic hydroxyl or alcoholic hydroxyl.
 Epoxy resin insulation paint was prepared with epoxy resin (E44) as binders and with proper inorganic fillers and curing agent (T31) as additives. The isothermal curing reaction process of paint was studied by differential scanning calorimetry method (DSC), and the curves of curing reaction rate versus time of paint were obtained. The curing reaction kinetics was studied by using the phenomenological method, the corresponding parameters of the n-order model, autocatalytic model and Kamal model were determined by fitting the experimental data, respectively. According to the values of R2 and the sum of square due to error (SSE), a suitable curing reaction kinetic model was determind. The curing reaction mechanism of paint was ascertained by dynamic temperature DSC method and IR spectrogram (FTIR) method. The results show that the kamal model can be used to describe the curing kinetics of epoxy resin paint, the total reaction orders increase from 1.30 to 2.14. The results also show that the two rate constants increase with increasing curing temperature, The activation energies are 90.5832 kJ/mol and 68.3733 kJ/mol, and the pre-exponential factor are 6.521×1015 s-1 and 6.3807×109 s-1. The curing reaction of paint in two steps, the first step is the addition reaction of epoxy group and primary amine or secondary amine. The second step is the etherification reaction of epoxy group and phenolic hydroxyl or alcoholic hydroxyl.
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Hadi, Furqan M., and Zena K. Abbas. "The Influence of Curing Method on the Mechanical Properties of Reactive Powder Concrete: A Comparative Study." Engineering, Technology & Applied Science Research 15, no. 3 (2025): 23043–47. https://doi.org/10.48084/etasr.10823.
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Reactive Powder Concrete (RPC) is known for its high compressive strength and exceptional durability due to the fine and steel fiber combination. The objective of the current research is to examine the influence of different curing types and their effects on the mechanical properties of concrete. Using Jet Cure Gp - red coating along with heat cycle curing, which includes 1-day warm+27-day normal (C.A1N), 2-day warm+26-day normal (C.A2N), and 3-day warm+25-day normal (C.A3N), the results revealed a compressive strength improvement of up to 27.36%, 29.82%, and 30.05% at 7, 28, and 90 days, respectively, compared to normal curing. A flexural strength increase by 26.1%, 26.8%, and 27.5% at 7, 28, and 90 days and a tensile strength improvement of 24.8%, 25.2%, and 26.6% at 7, 28, and 90 days, respectively, were also demonstrated. Based on these findings, it is observed that the best curing technique is the heat cycle method (A3N) with 3 days of heat curing and 25 days of normal curing, which significantly enhances the mechanical properties of RPC.
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Dai, Xianghe. "Experimental Study on Compressive Strength of Concrete Under Simple Curing and Encased in Steel Mould." Journal of Civil Engineering and Construction 13, no. 2 (2024): 67–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.32732/jcec.2024.13.2.67.
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This paper presents a comparison and analysis of compressive strength development of normal concrete under three typical simple curing methods: air curing, water immersion curing, plastic film cover curing, and maintained in steel mould. Portland cement with 30% fly ash was used, concrete cubic compressive strength at 28 days and 60 days were tested. The comparison of experimental results shows that concrete samples applied 7-day water immersion curing and samples maintained in steel moulds up to testing date displayed excellent compressive strength development compared with concrete samples under air curing. This implies core concrete in steel tubular members might develop a higher strength than design assumption based on standard curing procedure. Wrapping concrete with plastic film for more than 7 days as a curing method might delay the concrete strength development in early stage. Water immersion curing for long period may not accelerate concrete compressive strength gain.
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Tang, Wenyuan, Yingjie Xu, Xinyu Hui, and Wenchang Zhang. "Multi-Objective Optimization of Curing Profile for Autoclave Processed Composites: Simultaneous Control of Curing Time and Process-Induced Defects." Polymers 14, no. 14 (2022): 2815. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14142815.
Full textAbstract:
The contribution of this work is introducing a multi-objective optimization method based on finite element (FE) numerical simulation to simultaneously control the curing time and cure-induced defects of C-shaped composites during a curing cycle. Thermochemical and thermomechanical coupled analysis is performed and validated experimentally to understand the evolution details of temperature, degree of cure and curing deformation. Aiming to achieve the simultaneous control of manufacturing cost and composite quality, the curing profile is optimized by employing the critical factors including the total curing time, the maximum degree of cure difference, and the curing deformation. The optimization result shows that the designed curing profile can effectively reduce the curing time and guarantee the curing quality. The total curing time of the optimization is reduced by 19%. The verification experiment is also conducted to prove the accuracy and effectiveness of the proposed optimization method.