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Tom-Lawyer, Oris Oritsebemigho. "An evaluation of the implementation of the English Language Nigeria Certificate in Education curriculum : a case study of three Colleges of Education." Thesis, University of Central Lancashire, 2015. http://clok.uclan.ac.uk/16727/.
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This thesis was conducted to examine the adequacy of the skills and preparation of the Nigeria Certificate in Education (NCE) English language teachers as the poor performance of Nigerian students in external English language examinations has become a source of concern to educational stakeholders (Patrick, Sui, Didam & Ojo, 2014). The NCE is the basic qualification for teaching in Nigeria. The concern for the quality of teachers in Nigeria is crucial as the Nigerian government recognized a problem with the training of teachers at the NCE level in 2010 and proposed to abolish the colleges and phase out the NCE (Idoko, 2010). The Context, Input, Process and Product (CIPP) Evaluation model is used as a theoretical framework in the study. The research questions were: What is the context of the English language programme of the Nigeria Certificate in Education? How does the implementation of the curriculum equip students to develop the four language skills? What are the lecturers and students’ perceptions of the implementation of the curriculum and how have the objectives of the curriculum been achieved? In examining these issues, a mixed methods approach was adopted within the framework of the CIPP model, while utilizing a case study. The study showed the ineffective implementation of the curriculum as a factor for the failure of Nigerian students in external English language examinations. The research established the deficiency of the students in the basic skills of the language. The process and product evaluations noted failures in the procedural design of the curriculum and demonstrated a lack of achievement of the objectives of the curriculum. The recommendations arising from the research emphasized an immediate review of the admission policy and an extensive involvement of the lecturers in the future reform of the curriculum. Future research is concerned with an investigation of the measures that will curb systemic failures in the colleges.
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Shorrock, Sarah. "Protecting vulnerable people : an exploration of the risk factors and processes associated with Lancashire's Multi-Agency Safeguarding Hubs (MASH)." Thesis, University of Central Lancashire, 2017. http://clok.uclan.ac.uk/23075/.
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Clarke, Michael Douglas. "Dynamic response and noise of recording media." Thesis, University of Central Lancashire, 1992. http://clok.uclan.ac.uk/20346/.
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A study of medium noise and Neutron Depolarisation in recording media has been made as a function of remanent magnetisation along the isothermal remanence and dc demagnetisation remanence curves. The measurements are discussed in relation to VSM measurements of the remanent characteristics. Medium noise measurements are presented for commercial particulate media, experimental barium ferrite media and commercial metal evaporated thin film media, while Neutron Depolarisation measurements are presented for commercial particulate media alone. The results show that medium noise is not a unique function of magnetisation, but is also dependent upon the magnetic rnicrostructure brought about through its magnetic history; a microstructure which is in turn also dependent upon the physical microstructure. This is seen through asymmetry in the observed noise during dc demagnetisation, and also in observed differences in noise between the two remanence curves In particular, a distinct difference is seen between the dc erased and ac erased states, where efficient flux closure and lower energy configurations are attributing factors to the lower ac erased noise. An effect which is also supported by Neutron Depolarisation results in these states. Through the choice of samples with distinctly different physical microstructures within each media type studied, the medium noise measurements show how important a role the physical rnicrostructure has in its effect on the magnetic microstructure, illustrating that the sensitivity of medium noise measurements as a natural probe of the magnetic and physical microstructures is an important source of information towards the general characterisation and understanding of magnetic recording materials.
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Lee, Chang Hee. "Synaesthesia materialisation : approaches to applying synaesthesia as a provocation for generating creative ideas within the context of design." Thesis, Royal College of Art, 2019. http://researchonline.rca.ac.uk/3756/.
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For the past three decades, research on the topic of synaesthesia has been largely dominated by the field of psychology and neuroscience, and has focused on scientifically investigating its experience and causes to define the phenomenon of synaesthesia. However, the scientific research on this subject is now enquiring into potential future implementations and asking how this subject may be useful to wider audiences, and is attempting to expand its research spectrum beyond the mere scientific analysis. This PhD research in design by practice attempts to contribute and expand this scope: it shares a creative interpretation of synaesthesia research and questions its existing boundary. The past synaesthesia research in design has been largely focused on the possibility and potentials of sensory optimisation and cross-modal sensory interaction between users and artefacts. However, this research investigates the provocative properties and characteristics of synaesthesia and shares different approaches to its application for generating creative ideas in design. This PhD research presents nine projects, and they consist of approaches to synaesthesia application, toolkits and validations. Synaesthesia is one of those rare subjects where both science and creative context intersect and nurture each other. By looking into this PhD research, readers may gain insights of how a designer tries to discover a new value within this interdisciplinary context. This research contributes three types of new knowledge and new perspectives. Firstly, it provides a new interpretation and awareness in and of synaesthesia research, and expands its research boundaries, moving from analysis based research to application based research. Secondly, it outlines three approaches, a range of themes and toolkits for using synaesthesia as a provocation in generating creative ideas in the design process. Thirdly, it identifies the differences between previous synaesthesia application research and current application research within the context of design. Research on the topic of synaesthesia has been boosted significantly since the technological innovations (e.g. fMRI brain scanning and neuroimaging) in the early 1990s. However, this research was somewhat limited to scientific analysis analysis in order to understand the nature of the phenomenon. This research paradigm and the scientific focus have now shifted, and they are attempting to discover the potentials of synaesthesia's usefulness through different disciplines and channels. How can we apply the provocative qualities of synaesthesia within the context of design? This research journey begins by investigating this foundational question from a designer's point of view.
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Deffor, Sally Selase. "An evaluation of the impact of the digital platform on hard news storytelling at the BBC and SABC online news sites." Thesis, University of Central Lancashire, 2015. http://clok.uclan.ac.uk/16637/.
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Digital technologies are impacting news cultures across the globe in various ways. In this thesis, I explore specifically how the digital platform is influencing hard news reporting practices at the online news websites of the British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) and the South African Broadcasting Corporation (SABC). I investigate how the formats of the news reports, as well as the techniques and practices adopted for producing them are changing within these institutions. I also investigate the extents to which the role and identity of newsmakers are seen to be shifting in response to specific influences of digital technologies. These analyses are grounded on the theory that media convergence is a significant influencer in this changing space. This thesis finds that the context within which a news organisation operates is a strong influence on how it adapts digital techniques into the existing newsmaking practice. Consequently, the BBC as a PSB (Public Service Broadcaster) from a developed world is seen as having experiences that differ significantly from its counterpart, the SABC which is from the global South. Together, they are both being impacted in ways that are significantly different from private-sector mainstream or alternative news organisations across the two contexts. It also finds that the norms that govern the production of hard online news are deeply rooted in the old media platforms of print, radio and television such that significant continuities can be seen with respect to specific techniques and practices. Further, it finds that some of the hypothesised affordances of the space with regards to the combined use of multimedia, hypertextuality and interactivity to engage the audience are not fully experienced. This thesis therefore concludes that though the digital platform is evolving and hard to predict, its impact on hard news reporting practices is not particularly revolutionary at this present time within these two contexts. However, it is acknowledged that the web does have the immense capacity to support highly innovative interactive forms of storytelling demonstrated through news platforms, formats, and genres such as mobile, live blogs, and multimedia magazine-style soft news projects. Hence, this thesis’ deficiency is that it does not explore the significance of these newest and growing forms. However, in addition to drawing out specific nuances of the British and the South African digital media space, it contributes to providing a non-Western standard for measuring how the online news space is evolving, and fills the perceived gap about how under-researched contexts are appropriating specific digital techniques.
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Scanlon, Thomas Joseph. "Work and non-work stress among solicitors : modelling the work-home interface." Thesis, University of Central Lancashire, 2005. http://clok.uclan.ac.uk/22005/.
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Focusing upon solicitors working in private law firms in England and Wales, the study investigates the interrelationships between domain-specific and work-home interference factors and their predictive value in relation to different categories of strain symptomatology and satisfaction outcomes. The research also examines the moderating influences of gender and family type on the interface between work and home, and their differential impacts on well-being. Data were gathered in two stages. Stage one involved 20 interviews that allowed respondents to identify sources of work and home pressures for themselves. Content analysis of the interview transcripts facilitated the development of separate work and home pressure inventories. In addressing the difficulties associated with construct measurement, stage two developed an unorthodox approach for measuring both forms of work-home interference, which was part of an extensive survey instrument that included established outcome measures. The sample group was devised using a cluster sampling strategy whereby legal firms were grouped according to their size and then by regional cities. Nearly 2,500 surveys were distributed with a return rate of nearly 30%. The data set was split into two sub-sets via a cluster sampling strategy based on gender and family type to allow for a series of exploratory and confirmatory analyses in the development and testing of structural equation models of the work and home domain. A distinguishing feature of this study is its examination of the work-home interface at the microlevel, which involved developing a series of structural equation models relevant to the most salient sources of work-home interference and domain-specific pressures experienced by solicitors. Through a series of exploratory and confirmatory analyses, the study' tested three differing sets of explanatory relations as to the interplay between specific aspects of the two domains, and the implications of this interplay for a range of outcomes. The findings provide strong empirical support to assert that work-to-home interference (e. g., concerns over ability) and home-to-work interference (e. g., unfulfilled domestic responsibilities) represent two distinct dimensions of individuals functioning with different rates of prevalence and different role related antecedents and outcomes that indicate that solicitors are being stretched in both domains. The empirical evidence indicates an increasing convergence in the public and private roles of male and female solicitors, highlighting the importance of both sexes having the opportunity to attain a balance between the domains of work and home. The study also demonstrates that work-home interference is not exclusively a problem for employees located in traditional nuclear families and shows that solicitors within differing familial situations (e. g., single persons) experience high levels of work-home interference that can exacerbate domainspecific pressures resulting in a poor state of health and low levels of work and home satisfaction.
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Milner, S. E. "The French Confederation Generale du Travail and the International Secretariat of National Trade Union Centres (1900-1914) : French syndicalist attitudes towards internationalism and the International Labour Movement." Thesis, Aston University, 1987. http://publications.aston.ac.uk/10269/.
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This thesis examines relations between the French Confederation Generale du Travail (CGT) and the labour movements of other countries in the years leading up to the First World War. The aim of the study is to examine the CGT's policy of internationalism in practice, both in relations with other labour movements and in its membership of the International Secretariat of National Trade Union Centres (between 1900 and 1914). In particular, the relationship between the French and German labour movements is explored in the light of the events of August 1914. This study shows that the relationship was a reflection of the respective positions of the French and German labour movements in the international movement. It also subjects to close scrutiny the assumption, widely made before 1914, that workers had more in common with each other than with the ruling classes of their own country, by analysing the extent of, and the reasons for internationalism and international cooperation in the labour movement. As a study of the International Secretariat of National Trade Union Centres, an organisation about which very little has previously been written, this thesis complements existing work on the international labour movement prior to 1914. It also provides new insights into the French CGT by concentrating on the fundamental areas of internationalism and opposition to war, and offers fresh contributions to the continuing debate on the international labour movement and its response to the outbreak of war.
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Wharton, Steve. "Au service du marechal? : French documentary under German occupation." Thesis, Aston University, 1991. http://publications.aston.ac.uk/10272/.
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Following the fall of France in June 1940 and the installation of the Vichy Regime, government set about establishing its own New Order. A reprogramming of national consciousness was attempted through an emphasis on a return to traditional values which was disseminated in various fora. Despite publications on divers aspects of Vichy's propaganda machine, work on film production of the period has merely touched on mainstream documentary without further analysis. Such a lacuna appears inexplicable in light of the production of 550 or so documentaries between 1940 and 1944, especially in view of a 1948 comment by the film writer Roger Régent that documentary in many ways provided a focal point for the regime's wishes for "moralisation collective". This thesis sets out the first steps of a new evaluation of the role of documentary during the Occupation. After an overview of the changes to the industry and the ideological framework of the Révolution nationale, the thesis discusses theories of propaganda together with direct examples of Vichy propaganda documentary. The 'control' thus established is then applied to an examination of the 'Arts, Sciences, Voyages' series of documentary screenings (1941-43) and the Premier congrès du film documentaire (1943), tracing thematic and ideological consonances and evaluating the use of documentary film of the Occupation in the Service of the Marshal.
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Mugglestone, Hilda. "Peer assisted learning in the acquisition of musical composition skills." Thesis, University of Lincoln, 2006. http://eprints.lincoln.ac.uk/2471/.
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The purpose of the study was to discover the effects of using peer assisted learning in acquiring skills in music composition. The ten criteria used for assessing the effects of peer assisted learning comprised six concerning social qualities and four relating to cognitive aspects of what might be learned from working and learning together. The research used both qualitative and quantitative methods, encompassing interviews with the teacher, questionnaires for the students and observation. The latter included a quantitative element. The research took place in the natural settings of timetabled music lessons in Year Seven at an English comprehensive secondary school. This peer assisted learning research is believed to be the only such project conducted entirely in the unadulterated classroom settings. The lessons followed the teacher’s choice of lesson material and the length of time normally allowed for lessons in that school. No changes in classroom organisation, timing, or for any other reason were requested by, or made for, the researcher. Each class was divided into groups whose size, ability and gender were determined by the teacher. From these groups, the teacher selected the three which were the focus of this research. All three of the sample groups showed some evidence of the beneficial effects of peer assisted learning socially and cognitively although this varied according to the children’s different ability levels. Peer assisted learning was found to be most successful where children were able to work together cohesively and communicate well, either verbally or musically. Most children either acquired new musical skills or enhanced those they already possessed through the use of peer assisted learning.
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Mendelson, Zoë. "Psychologies and spaces of accumulation : the hoard as collagist methodology (and other stories)." Thesis, University of the Arts London, 2014. http://ualresearchonline.arts.ac.uk/11730/.
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Taking hoarding as a model for amassing materials within art practice, this research questions the borders of a productive or rational relationship to collation and the development of pathology. In practice, I focus on how materials can be manipulated to reflect or imply attachments and value systems within disorder, collection and their interpretations/ analyses. Using historical examples, I question how disorder is formed, spatially, aesthetically and through clinical record-keeping, making specific reference to written/visual case-studies from Charcot and Freud. I question whether disorder can ever be seen as a culturally produced phenomenon in parallel to its clinical counterpart and suggest its uses to knowledge production within the fields of Fine Art and critical theory. I suggest hoarding – and the cultural construction of disorder - as collagist and create works, which reflect on the borders of psychopathological attachments to ‘stuff’; psychologies inherent to accumulation; and conscious and unconscious spaces occupied by both object and analysis. Creating new collagist and fictive methodologies out of the construction of case histories, and through the cooption of diagnostic tools and narratology used in psychoanalysis, I write about the work and within the work. This research questions how psychological disorder is re-narrated through fictive and visual forms within culture and via collective understandings of psychoanalytic subjectivities. I suggest how these fictions connect, accumulate and reflect back on themselves, affecting research and crossovers within psychoanalytic, spatial and cultural fields. I make links between the modern city and psychological disorder, drawing on the psychical affects of changes in urban space. Examining collation, the construction of psychological spaces and temporality in art practice (from Kurt Schwitters’ Merzbau to Michael Landy’s Break Down and Tomoko Takahashi’s collation of objects) alongside new clinical research into Hoarding Disorder, I relate compulsion and space to a rationalisation of clutter in contemporary practice.
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Rezende, Livia Lazzaro. "The raw and the manufactured : Brazilian modernity and national identity as projected in international exhibitions (1862-1922)." Thesis, Royal College of Art, 2010. http://researchonline.rca.ac.uk/1143/.
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This thesis discusses nineteenth- and early twentieth-century representations of Brazil, with em-phasis on Brazilian national identity and the country’s engagement with modernity. It addresses these broad themes by focusing on the national participation in key international exhibitions, from Brazil’s first official appearance at the International Exhibition of 1862 in London to the Brazilian Centennial Exposition held in Rio de Janeiro in 1922. Using a multidisciplinary theoretical and methodological framework, this thesis examines ‘national objects’ – exhibits, exhibition displays, publications and pavilions – shown at home and abroad. It questions what sort of national identity these objects materialised and how they propelled Brazilian experience of modernity. Despite being a multicultural and diverse country, from 1862 to 1922 Brazil was frequently repre-sented by its exhibition commissioners as a homogeneous and cohesive nation. In less than a hun-dred years, Brazil turned from being a liberal but slavery-bound Empire to become an oligarchic Republic. Alongside manumission, urban expansion, and industrialisation, the nation underwent unprecedented political, economic, and cultural changes. These changes, however, were displayed differently at home and abroad. This thesis, thus, is concerned with the cleavages in the national representation from the Empire to the Republic and questions what sort of nation was being repre-sented abroad, and why. This thesis reveals that the Brazilian exhibitionary efforts during this period largely excluded representations of its population, especially of those who did not conform to the modern and civi-lised images attributed to the nation by the state. It also sustains that, despite their commercial and economic imperatives, exhibitions were used by the Brazilian state, during Empire and Republic, for the affirmation and conservation of political power. This thesis is tested in five chapters. The first discusses previous attempts at studying exhibitions in Brazil and abroad, and defines the con-cepts considered in this thesis. The second chapter addresses issues of agency and representation by examining the imperial representation sent to the Centennial International Exhibition in Phila-delphia in 1876. The third chapter focuses on two exhibitions, one Imperial and one Republican, to enquire about ruptures and continuities in the Brazilian representation abroad. This chapter centres on the displays of Brazilian raw materials mounted at the Exposition Universelle of 1867 in Paris, and at the Louisiana Purchase International Exposition in St Louis in 1904. The fourth chapter examines objects that communicated Brazilian ‘civilisation and progress’ at the World's Columbian Exposition in Chicago in 1893. These objects were used by the newly instated republi-can government to manipulate national historical symbols that legitimised their ascension to power and promoted them as the future. The final chapter investigates the Rio exhibition in 1922 as a place where modernisation and modernity were made visible for a Brazilian audience.
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Menhat, Masha Nur Salsabiela Binti. "Performance measurement framework for the oil and gas supply chain." Thesis, University of Central Lancashire, 2017. http://clok.uclan.ac.uk/22998/.
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This study examines performance measurement in the oil and gas industry. The aim is to identify the prevalence of performance measures and to provide evidence of the potential impact in the usage of performance measures on organisational performance. The study investigates the links between organisational strategies, choice of performance measures, and organisational performance. The resource-based view (RBV) theory and Miles and Snow's organisational fit theory were, respectively, used to explain the research and as the basis for analysis of results. The organisational fit theory states that organisation's approach to competition can be classified into four main strategies. These strategies will influence the way they manage their organisations and lead to different performance outcomes. This may include the way they measure their supply chain performance. The resource-based view suggests that organisations can achieve superior performance through internal resources and competencies. Based on this theory, performance measurement framework is viewed as one of the important organisations’ resources. A literature review on supply chain performance measurement was carried out to identify performance measures that are relevant to the oil and gas industry. This resulted in an initial list of measures based on the review. Exploratory interviews were then conducted to confirm the measures, understand the contextual definitions of the measures, and to find out from practitioners what additional measures they consider important beyond those obtained from the literature. This resulted in a broader set of performance measures, which were then validated through a self-administered questionnaire survey. A total of 550 questionnaires were sent out to UK companies whilst 120 to Malaysian companies. A total of 100 responses were received from both countries, which accounts to 15% response rates. The outcomes of the survey clarify the prevalence of performance measures in the industry according to the level of importance. Correlation and regression analyses indicate that there is a link between the choice of performance measures and organisations’ strategies. Also, the results indicate a link between choice of performance measures and the actual performance of the organisations, suggesting that performance measures are critical resources of organisations used to support competitiveness in line with resource-based view theory. In addition, this study identifies the most influential strategy and performance measures in enhancing organisations’ performance within the oil and gas industry.
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Rebernjak, Rujana. "Designing self-management : objects and spaces of everyday life in post-war Yugoslavia." Thesis, Royal College of Art, 2018. http://researchonline.rca.ac.uk/3480/.
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The Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia was often labelled a country “in-between”. Following the split with Stalin in 1948, socialist Yugoslavia established its “third way”, one that was based on workers’ self-management as an alternative to both capitalism, as well as to Soviet-style communism. Yugoslavia’s “in-betweenness” was emphasised in public rhetoric and propaganda during its existence, and has since been carefully examined by economic, political, social and cultural historians. This thesis explores this narrative about Yugoslav exceptionalism through the lens of design practice, asking to what extent has the experience of its unique system of self-management been “designed”. It positions design practice as an active agent in the processes of construction of Yugoslav socialism, through an in-depth analysis of important public projects, mass produced objects, design institutions, exhibitions and publications. Designing Self-Management offers a new understanding of post-war modernity in Yugoslavia by contextualising the analysis of design practice within the structures of self-management and, vice versa, by situating the study of self-management within the framework of design. To understand the impact design had on the experinece of self-management, this thesis positions the study of Yugoslav socialism within wider discussions about post-war modernity and seeks to reassess its claim to exceptionalism. On the one hand, the Yugoslav economic and social system that was based on workers’ councils proposed a more authentic and democratic form of socialism, in contrast to the dictatorial regimes of Eastern Europe. However, the success of self-management was indexed to the materialisation of the “good life” that was characterised by Western-style consumerism. Between 1955 and 1975, the Yugoslav experience of everyday life was shaped by modern mass-produced goods, mass housing, increased mobility, and the proliferation of pop-culture, all provided through the system of self-management. This lived experience of post-war modernity was not unique to Yugoslavia. Instead, it was part of broader social, cultural, political and economic processes that shaped everyday life on both sides of the Cold War divide. Within this context, Designing Self-Management examines the role of design in shaping Yugoslav post-war modernity, focusing on the spaces and places of everyday life, and the objects that defined them: from kiosks to washing machines; from telephones to public seating systems; from mass housing blocks to TVs and radios. Each chapter examines a specific space through a case-study approach. Chapter 1 focuses on design practice within the workplace through the work of designers in Iskra and Rade Končar companies. The second analyses spaces of consumption through printed pages of Svijet magazine and physical spaces of department stores, supply centres and the Zagreb Fair. In the third chapter, the home is examined through normative discussions about kultura stanovanja (domestic culture), as well as DIY practices shaped by Naš dom and Sam svoj majstor magazines. The final chapter looks at public space through K67 kiosk designed by Saša Mächtig as well as UNI87 seating system produced by Jadran company. All four chapters explore the relationship between design discourse and practice, government policies and propaganda, and consumers-self-managers, and argue that the material culture of everyday life shaped Yugoslav citizens’ understanding of and compliance with self-management. This builds on research undertaken across public and private archives, such as the Archive of Yugoslavia in Belgrade, Rade Končar Archive in Zagreb, Croatian State Archive in Zagreb, Ljubljana Historical Archive in Kranj, Archive of the Technical Museum and Museum of Architecture and Design in Ljubljana.
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Emmanouil, Marina. "Graphic design and modernisation in Greece, 1945-1970." Thesis, Royal College of Art, 2012. http://researchonline.rca.ac.uk/1349/.
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The primary aim of this work is to give voice to the silent history of graphic design in Greece, long uncharted and undocumented in both the international forum and the local design community. This study focuses on the professional modernisation of graphic design and its role in providing the means for change in Greek society. The research is supported by interdisciplinary analysis of commercial advertisements, posters, leaflets and magazines, as well as other supporting documentation, in the historical and cultural context of Athens, Greece from 1945 to 1970. The time examined was a transitional and vociferous period in the history of Greece, one of intense and rapid economic modernisation during the post-Second World War decades from the mid-1940s to 1970. This was a time when, along with broader changes in the social, economic and political life of Greece, important developments in design education, print technology, and professional organisation marked a new age for graphic design, as a profession emerging from the broader ‘graphic arts’ field (inclusive of both technological and creative processes) and claiming autonomy over the more established fine arts sector. All four chapters deal with modernisation in relation to the assumed divisions of traditional/modern, continuity/change, centre/periphery. Main areas of investigation are: trade organisation, graphic design education, advertising and urbanisation, electricity and tourism promotion. This research offers a view of the ways the ‘modern’ and the condition of modernity were experienced in the case of Greece through certain applications of graphic design and its agents of influence: graphic designers, artists, managers, publishers, the state and private entrepreneurs. The research benefited significantly from a number of interviews with design professionals and related individuals. The present endeavour has a modest aim: to enable understanding of how and why Greek graphic design at the time came to be, and to stress the validity of the visual as a means of historical documentation.
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García-Verdugo, Lino Vital. "Multidisciplinary development of an electric vehicle typology for the city." Thesis, Royal College of Art, 2012. http://researchonline.rca.ac.uk/1354/.
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Suterwalla, Shehnaz. "From punk to the hijab : British women’s embodied dress as performative resistance, 1970s to the present." Thesis, Royal College of Art, 2013. http://researchonline.rca.ac.uk/1355/.
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This thesis investigates how British women since the 1970s have used dress to resist dominant ideals of femininity and womanhood. I focus on examples of subcultural and alternative style as anti-fashion, as a rebuke to and also as the manipulation of the fashion system. The research is based on oral interviews with women in four case studies: punks in the 1970s, women who lived at Greenham Common Peace Camp in the 1980s, black women in hip-hop in the 1980s and 1990s, and Muslim women in the hijab since 2001. Participants were found using a combination of opportunity or volunteer sampling and snowball sampling techniques to gather a sample of approximately five interviewees per case study. The case studies are deliberately disparate, but they have been chosen because each one represents an important turn in British gendered identity politics of the last forty years, since punk style was interpreted by subcultural theory as resistance. They offer a wide range—from subcultural to religious dress—of cross-cultural examples to explore gender in terms of ethnicity, class, and nation, and to explain the ways in which these notions interact and overlap within contemporary British culture and history. Through my juxtapositions I provide an alternative narrative, a ‘new’ analysis of style as gendered to challenge any empiricist logic of conventional scholarship and to expose the fashion system as cyclical. This is a post-postmodern interdisciplinary investigation. I analyse the postmodern techniques of collage, bricolage, mixing and sampling in women’s style, where appropriation and customisation act as revolutionary practices of deconstruction of 5 meaning and interrupt grand historical narratives, However, I move beyond any postmodern focus purely on image and spectacle, or on simulacra and representation to locate women’s behaviour in situated bodily practice, and within their extended biographies. My interviews focus on women’s material and experiential views of their dress and style with an emphasis on their interpretations of style as lived experience. In this way I offer a turning out of fashion history; one that analyses the agentive action of each group’s style which I define as the punk ‘cut’, the Greenham Common ‘layer’, the hip hop ‘break’ and the ‘fold’ of the hijab. My emphasis is on the analytics of construction as displays that reveal the structures behind the fashioning of gender and identity, and I explore how these create new temporal and spatial subjective positions for women such as deterritorialisation for punks, utopianism for women at Greenham, reality for women in hip-hop, or a heterotopia in the case of British women in hijab. This study throws into crisis essentialist ideas: about the body, gender, a fashion object or the fashion system and its ideals to question the performativity of identity and history. Through its multi-layered discussion and interdisciplinary breadth, the thesis pushes at the boundaries of conventional design and fashion history scholarship in its exploration of embodied style as intertextual, and women’s fashion histories as shifting and mutating.
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Jones, Michelle. "Less than art - greater than trade : English couture and the Incorporated Society of London Fashion Designers in the 1930s and 1940s." Thesis, Royal College of Art, 2015. http://researchonline.rca.ac.uk/1676/.
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This study examines the creation and professionalisation of a recognisable English couture industry in the mid-twentieth century and in particular the role designer collaboration played within this process. The focal point is the Incorporated Society of London Fashion Designers, a design group established as a wartime measure in order to preserve and protect a number of London’s made-to-measure dress houses and to promote the creative aspirations of the wider British fashion industry. The focus on this specific design group and collaborative practice, rather than the individual couturiers, offers an exceptional case study of designers working in association and the impact this can have on design practice. A number of central themes emerge that focus on the networks and mediated representations that supported this field of design. In dealing with these themes this study recognises that the Incorporated Society’s formation and operation did not occur in a vacuum but within a specific industrial, political, economic and social infrastructure. It therefore explores the networks and narratives that were used to sustain its specific form of luxury fashion production throughout a particularly turbulent period. Today London is acknowledged, alongside Paris, New York and Milan, as one of the world’s major fashion cities and this thesis aims to achieve a better understanding of the role couturier-collaboration played in the early development of this recognition. Through the analysis of an extensive range of previously unconsidered primary material it questions whether and how, through the process of collaboration, the London couturiers established unprecedented and much needed cohesion for British design talent and the exact nature of their role within the construction and understanding of London as an internationally recognised fashion centre. The period under consideration allows not only an exploration of the creation of a London couture industry but also the cultural politics of design practice throughout a difficult period of economic depression, war and post-war reconstruction. In so doing, it explores the wider significance of the Incorporated Society’s elite made-to-measure dressmakers both for and beyond the discipline of Design History.
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Godfrey, Clinton David. "Attitudes towards education in a professional football academy : the scholar's perspective." Thesis, University of Central Lancashire, 2017. http://clok.uclan.ac.uk/24009/.
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Despite an array of research focusing on elite sport in the UK, less attention has been afforded towards academy football within these elite environments, particularly in relation to the educational programmes that the players aged 16-18 are required to undertake. Little is known about the perspectives of these players and therefore the aim of this thesis was to explore their attitudes towards education and identify the factors that influenced them. A relativist ontological position was adopted in fitting with the constructivist paradigm in an attempt to understand the phenomenon from the perspective of the scholars focusing on one specific Premier League club. A phenomenological case study approach was adopted to understand the shared meanings created by the scholars in relation to their educational programme at the club. After undertaking eight focus groups and a further six in-depth interviews six main themes emerged in relation to the scholars’ attitudes and the factors that influenced them. It was clear from this research that the scholars at this club were diverse by way of past educational attainment and levels of engagement, they had mixed views of their educational programme at the club and their attitudes towards education were influenced to varying degrees by parents, peers and experiences with teachers. The scholars were focused more on their football ambitions and their intentions were to pursue careers in elite football with education being perceived as a back-up. Staff changes at the club resulted in a renewed focus on education, yet this was still set against the backdrop of the ambiguous and uncertain world of professional football. Due to the methodological approach that underpins this study, the findings are not expected to be regarded as generalisations across all elite level football clubs. They are intended to serve as a starting point for practitioners in these settings to develop practice accordingly.
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Schmid, Helga. "Uchronia : time at the intersection of design, chronosociology and chronobiology." Thesis, Royal College of Art, 2017. http://researchonline.rca.ac.uk/2748/.
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The societal transformation from an agricultural to an urbanised 24/7 society, reflected in a move from natural time to the mechanical clock to the contemporary digital age, has significantly influenced our daily biological and social rhythms. Modern technology has fostered an increasing temporal fragmentation, heralding an era of flexible time with ever more complex processes of synchronisation. These inhumane rhythms conflict with the natural rhythmicity of the human biological clock. This thesis investigates the potential of new perceptions of time through the application of uchronia - a term derived from the Greek word ou-chronos meaning ‘ no time ’ or ‘ non-time’, and from utopia, from the Greek ou-topos. This research is situated within contemporary debates on the nature of temporality, often denoted as time crisis or dyschronia. It investigates uchronia as temporal utopia and in the way it generates insights about our knowledge of contemporary temporality. The research develops an original uchronian methodology and applications of uchronian thinking in practice-led design research, intertwining design, chronobiological and chronosociological research to propose a new area of chronodesign. Through design practice, I explore how scientific research can be translated into lived, aesthetic experience. The methods range from critical and speculative design ( thought experiments ), artistic research ( unlearning methods ), to methods drawn from chronobiological research ( zeitgeber method ). I investigate practical work which challenges thought patterns regarding the temporal structure of contemporary life, in which participants explore alternative time-givers or synchronisers, in order to think outside the boundaries of clocks and calendars. By providing a broadened definition of uchronianism, I aim to establish uchronia as a platform for critical thought and debate on the contemporary time crisis, with chronodesign as a practical design initiative.
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Orr, Emily Marshall. "Designing display in the department store : techniques, technologies, and professionalization, 1880-1920." Thesis, Royal College of Art, 2017. http://researchonline.rca.ac.uk/2775/.
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Between 1880 and 1920 displays in leading department stores reached an unprecedented level of artistic and commercial ambition that required professional skill, engaged with technology, earned consumer attention, and provided distinction between stores. Merchandise arrangements conveyed technical proficiency and innovation specific to the retail setting while their form and content were also in conversation with current events, art, urban life, and popular culture. This thesis explores the making, viewing, and meanings of display. Discussion will be framed around the following questions: What role did display design play in the development of department stores in Chicago, New York and London at the turn of the twentieth century and how can the impact and significance of display be identified in the stores’ material and visual cultures? Drawing from a diverse range of unexplored primary resources and archives, this thesis reveals a set of previously underrepresented design roles, tools, and techniques of display production in the practice of architects, window dressers, shopfitters, and interior decorators who employed manual and mechanical methods to create displays that were on constant view and in continual flux. In this newly changeable retail environment, display’s alignment with fin-de-siècle modernity is explored through the themes of speed, variation, fragmentation, rationalization, and theatricality. Overall this thesis analyzes how display achieved an agency to transform everyday objects into commodities and to make consumers out of passersby.
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Kearney, Helen L. "Mapping modernity : the London Postal Map of 1856." Thesis, Royal College of Art, 2017. http://researchonline.rca.ac.uk/2813/.
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The London Postal Map was introduced in 1856. It drew a boundary around London, and then divided the city into ten districts: EC, WC, N, NE, E, SE, S, SW, W and NW. It was a technological innovation that greatly increased the speed and efficiency of the movement of post around London, in a period when the postal service was the primary form of communication. Service became incredibly quick, frequent, and accessible; almost as instantaneous as the internet today. Deliveries began at 7.22am, with deliveries on the hour, every hour throughout the day. Letters posted at 7.30pm in central London would reach outer London suburbs that same evening. This thesis considers a period from 1830 until 1918, corresponding to the period of the beginnings of the Map’s story, to a major change in the Map during the First World War. It describes the origins of the Postal Map, and then explores its effects in the context of a rapidly developing city. It speculates on meanings of mapping the city where new names and boundaries are introduced and visualized. It investigates the development of the city, understanding the post as an essential part of London’s infrastructure. It considers how people experienced a city in which millions of letters, thousands of postmen, and hundreds of mail carts were moving each week. The Postal Map is argued to be one of the causal factors of modernity within London; it meant urban space was linked to a particular temporality – modern, fast-paced, connected. It changed how Londoner’s conceived their city through providing a new framework for labelling places in relation to each other, stating what was east, what was west. The project uses the extensive archives held by the Postal Museum, which include hundreds of maps, to tell the story of the Postal Map. It combines methodologies from social history, technological and administrative histories, mapping theory, urban planning history, and design history to gain a rich understanding of the full spatial implications of this designed object: the London Postal Map.
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Kilburn-Toppin, Jasmine. "Crafting artisanal identities in early modern London : the spatial, material and social practices of guild communities c.1560-1640." Thesis, Royal College of Art, 2013. http://researchonline.rca.ac.uk/1356/.
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In recent decades, scholars have begun to substantially reassess the economic and political significance of the craft guilds of sixteenth and seventeenth century London. Revisionist work by economic historians (Epstein and Prak, 2008), has convincingly overturned the notion that guilds were unanimously restrictive of commercial growth, opposed to innovative practices and exploitative of their members. Several political and social studies (Rappaport, 1989; Archer, 1991; Gadd and Wallis, 2002) have demonstrated the dynamic and philanthropic nature of these corporate bodies, which provided avenues for occupational mobility and charitable support; ensuring that London remained stable despite the extraordinary demographic, financial and social pressures of the final decades of the sixteenth century. The longstanding interpretation of ‘guild decline’ in the early modern era has thus been widely problematized and shown to be anachronistic. This thesis proposes a new methodology for examining the craft guilds of late sixteenth and early seventeenth century London, and suggests that the established scholarship has overlooked the significance of artisanal knowledge, skills and identities in the construction of meaningful communities of workshop practitioners, small-scale merchants, and the regulators of the crafts and trades. In this study, the built environments and material artefacts associated with London guilds are considered as active cultural and social agents (Appadurai; Kopytoff, 1986) which both reflected, and in turn reinforced identity formation, and the ritual and political boundaries of communal life. The changing structure of livery halls, their internal configurations and external designs, and the material furnishings and collections gifted, displayed and utilised within these institutional homes, are shown to be essential means through which guildsmen established competing claims for civic authority and professional artisanal accomplishment. Using textual, visual and material evidence from a range of London craft guilds - primarily, but not exclusively, the Goldsmiths’, Armourers’, Carpenters’ and Pewterers’ Companies - this work examines the physical and epistemological place of artisanal cultures, c.1560-1640. It considers the collaborative processes through which workmanship was evaluated by master craftsmen on early modern building sites, and the political and social value of such artisanal skills, techniques and knowledge within their associated livery halls. It is demonstrated that through the donation of visual and material artefacts to company buildings, and their subsequent use in the convivial, political and religious rites of the guilds, craftsmen were able to shape their reputations and post-mortem legacies. Their material gifts and bequests reveal that guild halls were simultaneously sites of memorisation (Archer, 2001), sociability, craft regulation and artisanal innovation. Within communities of living guildsmen, freemen wished to be remembered as affluent civic philanthropists, guardians of illustrious histories and, crucially, as masters of their respective artisanal practices. The changing spatial and material environments of guild halls are shown to be social products of complex organisations, which honoured both commensality and hierarchy; fraternal values and political and epistemological distinctions. The rebuilding projects of the London livery halls are considered in juxtaposition to the strained spatial and political relationships between guild halls and city workshops, and contemporary efforts to uphold the authority of liverymen to inspect artisanal standards and material quality within the wider urban environment.
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Beech, Dave. "Neither capitalist nor wage-labourer : an economic examination of the exceptionalism of artistic production vis-à-vis the capitalist mode of production." Thesis, University of the Arts London, 2017. http://ualresearchonline.arts.ac.uk/12374/.
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This PhD by Publication is a contribution to art and art theory through the book Art and Value in the context of the practice of the Freee art collective. This thesis situates Art and Value within contemporary art practices and debates. Art and Value addresses itself directly to misrecognitions of the relationship between art and capitalism within the humanities and social sciences. The conviction that art was a commercial activity had penetrated the discourses of contemporary art in the UK, Western Europe and North America since the 1960s and therefore constituted, in part, the milieu in and against which Freee has operated since 2004. The historical study of the emergence of the theory of art’s economic exceptionalism in classical political economy gives an alternative historical framework in which to situate the discussion of art’s relationship to capitalism. The rationale for my economic analysis of art – comprising separate critiques of the economics of art in classical, neoclassical, welfare and Marxist economics – is to reset the coordinates for thinking politically about art’s relationship to capitalism. Art and Value does not claim to cover every aspect of art’s encounter with capitalism, which would require sociological, semiotic, psychoanalytic, geographical, philosophical and historical inquiries, at the very least, but establishes the economic groundwork for the interdisciplinary study of art’s relationship to capitalism. Economic analysis provides this ground; not because economics is the master discipline of the social sciences, but because the question of art’s relationship to capitalism must be understood, first and foremost, by understanding what capitalism is and how the production of art has or has not been incorporated into the capitalist mode of production.
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Howard, Susan. "A Christian perspective on enabling spiritual formation in relation to work." Thesis, University of Winchester, 2017. http://repository.winchester.ac.uk/721/.
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This thesis is an action research investigation into the influence of my Christian habitus on my consultancy practice. My research question: How does my Christian faith inform the work I do? is located within the academic field of Spirit at Work. The complexity and difficulties of my professional practice are explored using the literature on Christian spirituality. My investigation uses the research method of practical theology to explore: my own Christian perspective; my role as a spiritual mentor; the nature of spiritual formation; and, faith in relation to work. The analytical methods of theological reflection, narrative inquiry, and autoethnography support the critical reflection. Five themes emerge: the evangelical basis of my Christian perspective; an understanding of the grace of God; the consideration of resistance as sin; strategies to enable spiritual formation; and complex combinations of faith in relation to work. This study has enabled me to interrogate my approach to spiritual formation in relation to work. My inquiry in a variety of contexts – with colleagues, one individual, and with a client –has developed my ability as a reflexive practitioner, and has strengthened my vocation as a spiritual mentor. I have used the Holistic Development Model (HDM) to underpin my approach to spiritual mentoring, and created a Christian interpretation of it. Spiritual formation is explored through the topics of: church, faith, purpose and mission using scripture, adventure and leadership, and difficulty and struggle. The research provides insights into my work as a professional consultant in the area of leadership development. My reflexive learning, combined with participative inquiry, provides an insider perspective on living within an evangelical Christian worldview. Difficulties over how to interpret Christian faith in work contexts are explored, particularly with regard to inclusivity. The research links spiritual formation with leadership, concluding that, in my practice, faith takes precedence.
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Dash, D. P. "Vocabulary of agency : development and assessment of a generic conceptual framework to guide action-oriented research in multiple domains." Thesis, University of Lincoln, 1999. http://eprints.lincoln.ac.uk/31384/.
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The study has produced a generic conceptual framework for action-oriented research to guide such research in multiple domains of application. The conceptual framework has been expressed in terms of the "vocabulary of agency." It contains the notions of agency, enhancing agency, resource, roles, mobility, form of interaction, agency-enhancing device, local learning, global learning, operational coupling, etc. The conceptual framework has been subjected to a multi-stage process of assessment. The assessment shows that the conceptual framework has a certain generality in addressing a whole range of issues being discussed in management systems thinking and action research fields. Besides, the framework also seems capable of functioning as an effective guide in designing and conducting action-oriented research projects in several domains of application. The framework is expected to facilitate transfer of insights from research fields which investigate complex, interactive, and collective phenomena. It is also expected to guide action-oriented research in the direction of increasing the general capacity to bring forth new and useful resources in multiple domains.
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(13538521), Sandra Burke. "New mind new school: A curriculum for the future." Thesis, 1993. https://figshare.com/articles/thesis/New_mind_new_school_A_curriculum_for_the_future/20742061.
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<p>This dissertation is based on a project which sought to use a community consultation process as a school development medium.lt was adapted from a similar process used in the Ministerial Consultative Council on Curriculum's 1991 project, New World New Mind: A curriculum for the future.The process was to focus on active consultation, collaboration and cooperation, and future visioning in identifying issues and implications for future curriculum and in framing action plans for implementation. Although the community consultation process proper did not eventuate, the planning phase of its vehicle, the New Mind New School project, emerged as an important consultation in itself, with personal and interpersonal dynamics highlighting a range of issues pertinent to the planning of future curriculum consultations.</p>
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(13538959), Kirsten Elliott. "A socially critical approach to Indonesian studies in Australian schools." Thesis, 1997. https://figshare.com/articles/thesis/A_socially_critical_approach_to_Indonesian_studies_in_Australian_schools/20742337.
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<p>This is a thesis about curriculum change, focusing on Studies of Indonesia in Australian schools generally, Languages Other Than English (LOTE) - Indonesian - specifically'. It explores the possibilities for a socially critical approach to curriculum negotiation informed by research on critical pedagogies, immersion and postcolonialism and it applies a critical discourse analysis methodology to inform its proposed version of school programs in this field. Readings from Indonesian language sources are presented as sample contributors to an ongoing mediation and negotiation of Australian studies of Indonesia.</p>
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(9874406), S. Sytsma. "Changing meaning : the leading way." Thesis, 2003. https://figshare.com/articles/thesis/Changing_meaning_the_leading_way/13423694.
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"Studying leading as a way of changing meaning, this research documents a journey of inner exploration amongst five self-nominated leaders in education. In contrast to change limited by outer dimensional structure, changing meaning in an inner dimension was seen as the necessary complement in creating real difference in educators and in educating. Over a period of almost a year, the leaders participated in an online project, travelling together through email dialogue focused around leading, changing and meaning. In this, they experimented with a changing way of researching, developing a personalised space of changing in which they could truth-test their thoughts and feelings about the multiple facets of leading and meaning. Such a space - interstitial to their outer working and inner personal lives, but deeply connective of both - was found useful in supporting coherent change processes in the participant leaders." - abstract
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(9841511), Mark Tyler. "Mediating conflict in the community: A curriculum framework for training mediators." Thesis, 1997. https://figshare.com/articles/thesis/Mediating_conflict_in_the_community_A_curriculum_framework_for_training_mediators/21172213.
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<p>Mediation, as defined in this study, is a dispute resolution process for dealing with disagreements between community members and differs from other forms of conflict resolution such as arbitration, conciliation and adjudication. Mediation is a relatively new field of professional endeavour, consequently, community mediators are few and no current accredited course exists in the vocational education and training sector.</p>
<p>This study aimed to develop a curriculum for training community mediators which individuals of various professions could undertake through the vocational education and training sector in order to become accredited mediators.</p>
<p>An initial review of the literature identified existing mediator competencies. Following this review, the first phase of the study was to survey practising community mediators to obtain their views on which additional competencies mediators should possess.</p>
<p>In the second phase of the study, various curriculum models were reviewed and one model selected which fitted the contextual constraints of the vocational education and training sector. The Competency Based Training model for curriculum development was selected to develop a curriculum which incorporated the list of competencies elucidated in the first phase of the study.</p>
<p>A curriculum suitable for teaching community mediation skills to trainee mediators through a course offered through the vocational education and training sector is presented in the fifth chapter.</p>
<p>This study is significant in that it attempts to objectify what it is that mediators do by way of establishing a collection of mediator competencies pertinent to community mediation. The challenge was to undertake this task in an environment in which mediation as a skill, was considered malleable; a skill which requires fine adjustment to fit the various contexts in which mediation is practised.</p>
<p>Finally, this study also highlighted the need for further research into mediation. Issues such as 'hard' versus 'sot mediation and the development of specific competencies related to the practice of mediation within specific contexts, for example, divorce mediation and land right mediation, are discussed.</p>
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Conway, Lyn. "The South Australian curriculum standards and accountability framework in preschools: influence and outcomes." 2008. http://arrow.unisa.edu.au:8081/1959.8/47058.
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The thesis topic seeks to address to what extent early childhood practitioners have adopted teaching methodology and pedagogical practices to embrace the SACSA Framework in the Communication and Language Learning Area.
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(13788315), Cheryl Robert. "A case for change: A report on the use of action research as a framework in the professional development of teachers." Thesis, 2001. https://figshare.com/articles/thesis/A_case_for_change_A_report_on_the_use_of_action_research_as_a_framework_in_the_professional_development_of_teachers/21099433.
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<p>In 1998, early childhood teachers throughout Queensland were required to attend a professional development program to familiarise them with the new Preschool Curriculum Guidelines. While this 'top down' or mandated professional development activity was characteristic of the type of professional development usually accessed by early childhood teachers, it provided no guarantees that any changes to teaching or learning would be subsequently incorporated into early childhood classrooms. The professional development activity also demonstrated the continued use of the 'expert' model as a means of bringing about changes to teaching practices.</p>
<p>This report explores the shortcomings of this 'expert' model. Using the outcomes from a teacher initiated professional development activity that used action research strategies as its' framework, the report demonstrates the explicit links between professional development and change, and highlights the advantages of using action research as a framework for effective professional development activities. The report concludes with a series of recommendations for future professional development activities in the field of early childhood.</p>
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Scavone, MC. "Teacher and learner perceptions of student-initiated active citizenship in primary schools." Thesis, 2014. https://eprints.utas.edu.au/19414/3/Scavone_Mellina_EPF420_Dissertation.pdf.
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Active citizenship is an important aspect of global education, assisting students to
develop the understanding that they can make a difference in the world, as well as encouraging
students to develop empathy, self-confidence and moral thinking. Whilst active citizenship can
assist students in their preparation for the future, it is rarely occurring to its full extent in schools.
Research shows that students in Australian primary schools generally take a secondary role in
active citizenship, participating most frequently in teacher-chosen projects, rudimentary service
learning or no projects at all, rather than being a part of the decision-making process.
Considerable benefits have been reported for students when they take an active and informed
role in meaningful projects, such as a feeling of empowerment, a sense of pride, greater self esteem,
and positive effects on schoolwork and mood.
This study aimed to uncover perceptions of student-initiated active citizenship, from the
viewpoints of students, school staff and volunteers in two Australian primary schools. The study
also sought teacher and school staff perceptions of the relevance of student-initiated active
citizenship, gaining an indication of how much space teachers feel is in the curriculum for active
citizenship opportunities in the upper primary classroom. The research is a partial replication of
Hannam’s pilot study into the impact of student participation in secondary schools in England,
but on a smaller scale, concentrating only on the impact for schools and school communities.
This phenomenological study took a qualitative approach to data collection, focusing on
understanding participants’ lived experience of active citizenship through semi-structured
interviews.
The findings from this study revealed that students perceived the experience of benefits
such as enhanced mood, changes in their way of thinking and feeling pride in themselves.
Teachers perceived the most beneficial aspects of the students’ active citizenship to be the
development of important life skills, and students learning to make decisions and act
independently. Teachers perceived the difficulties being that active citizenship is time consuming,
and the students observed the organisational aspects of their projects to be the most significant
difficulty. Overall, the data revealed that students and school staff perceive great benefits from
students participating in informed active citizenship projects.
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Krieg, Susan. "Competing professional identities in contemporary early childhood teacher education." 2008. http://arrow.unisa.edu.au:8081/1959.8/42993.
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This thesis is a qualitative case study of curriculum change within a contemporary Australian university. The curriculum change involved a repositioning of early childhood teacher education into a course structure that would qualify teachers to work across both the early childhood and primary years. The study explores the ways some of the institutional social practices of a university at a particular socio historic moment constructed ways of 'being' for the people involved in the change process. In particular, the research investigates language as a social practice within the university and focuses on the ways university curriculum texts privileged some discourses over others, legitimating particular versions of teaching and excluding others.
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Leask, Betty. "Discursive constructions of internationalisation at an Australian University: implications for professional practice." 2005. http://arrow.unisa.edu.au:8081/1959.8/28306.
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The portfolio explores the construction, representation and interpretation of internationalisation at the University of South Australia (UniSA) within the broader concept of internationalisation in higher education. The research is situated within a postmodern, postcolonial world and is influenced significantly by the work of Foucault ([1972] 2003), Fairclough (1989; 1992), Said (1995 [1978]) and Cherryholmes (1988). The portfolio consists of three related research reports and a meta-analysis which both connects these individual reports and conducts further analysis of the issues and themes arising from the research. The literature reviewed in Research Report 1 describes a range of approaches to internationalisation and issues associated with its definition and implementation in universities. It is concluded that internationalisation in higher education is part of a network of constantly developing and changing discourses all of which both influence and are influenced by political, social and economic contexts and agendas. The nature of the discourse of internationalisation at UniSA and the power/knowledge relations which are embedded within and support it are the focus of the second research report which consists of a critical discourse analysis of a corpus of documents related to internationalisation and Graduate Quality #7 at UniSA. Five discourses of internationalisation at UniSA are identified and the roles associated with the primary subjects of the discourse (academic staff, Australian students and international students) are described. Significant shifts in the discursive construction of internationalisation at UniSA over time are also identified, including the tendency for the economic discourse to be viewed as dominant and the associated ideology to be naturalised. The third research report consists of ‘snapshots’ of the experience of internationalisation in different places and from different perspectives. It strives for a deeper understanding of the complexity of internationalisation at UniSA through exploration of the construction of Graduate Quality #7 (that students of UniSA will develop international perspectives as professionals and citizens) in two different cultural and educational contexts ���������������� Adelaide and Hong Kong. The research highlights the need to embed and integrate intercultural learning into the culture of UniSA – to assist all staff and all students to move into uncomfortable intercultural spaces; to learn from and with each other within those spaces; to challenge their stereotypes and prejudices and to move on from them. The three reports are drawn together in the meta-analysis which concludes that although there are signs of ideological struggle within the discourse of internationalisation, the constructions of internationalisation and its subjects and actors at UniSA and beyond are consistent with a construction of internationalisation as a neo-colonialist activity. It suggests a modified approach to internationalisation – one that challenges the stereotypes and hegemonies currently associated with it. This has implications for the focus of professional development and student services to support internationalisation at UniSA and other Australian universities.
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(7023182), Hamdan Abdulaziz Alamri. "EFFECTS OF PERSONALIZED LEARNING AS AN INSTRUCTIONAL APPROACH ON STUDENTS’ SELF-DETERMINATION AND LEARNING ENGAGEMENT IN ONLINE HIGHER EDUCATION." Thesis, 2019.
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Online higher education courses are often designed using a one-size-fits-all model that treats students as instructional users rather than participants who contribute according to their learning needs and interests. Although many scholars have discussed personalized learning as a means to customize instruction over the past three decades, few have investigated the impact of personalized learning interventions. In particular, there is a gap in the literature on interventions using customized instructional content in online courses to provide individuals with opportunities to address their own learning needs and choices. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of this instructional approach on students’ self-determination, intrinsic motivation, learning engagement, and online learning experiences.<br><div>The researcher applied a convergent parallel mixed-methods design to collect, analyze, and merge quantitative and qualitative data simultaneously. Qualitative findings have converged with and diverged from the quantitative data. Quantitative results revealed that personalized learning has a statistically significant effect on students’ perceived feelings of autonomy and their online learning experiences. The approach also showed a significant effect on students’ perceptions toward their instructors. The findings showed that the majority of learners perceived personalized learning to be an effective instructional approach. According to the qualitative findings, this approach showed a positive effect on students’ self-determination (autonomy and competence), intrinsic motivation, engagement, and online learning experiences. However, the intervention did not show a positive effect on students’ feelings of relatedness.<br></div><div>This study may contribute to the understanding of effective and influential teaching and learning approaches, especially in online learning environments. The final findings might inform educators, instructional designers, and instructors about the personalized learning potential of tailoring online courses to students’ needs and interests, which may increase student motivation and engagement.<br></div>
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(11779546), Meng-yi (Monica) Huang. "Incorporating an on-line exchange student language program within second language curricula: A case study of Taiwanese primary school students working with Australian students." Thesis, 2011. https://figshare.com/articles/thesis/Incorporating_an_on-line_exchange_student_language_program_within_second_language_curricula_electronic_resource_a_case_study_of_Taiwanese_primary_school_students_working_with_Australian_students/13456766.
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The planning and promotion of a foreign or second language education in the primary school seems a worldwide trend. English and Chinese, as global communication media, are particularly emphasised recently. In Taiwan, learning English is regarded as a Foreign Language study (hereafter referred to as ‘EFL’), as it is far different from learning English as a Second Language (hereafter referred to as ‘ESL’), or as a First Language (hereafter referred to as ‘L1’). In the learning environment of L1 or ESL, it is necessary to use English in daily life, such as, going to school, going shopping and even watching television. However, in EFL learning environments, learners have limited opportunity to practice English particularly speaking and listening in authentic contexts with other speakers of compatible age and interest. This foreign language learning situation also occurs for Australian students of Mandarin. Therefore, this research project assumed that Information and Communication Technology (hereafter referred to as ‘ICT’) can enhance opportunity for structured practice and development of spoken language, both in and out of the classroom for second language (hereafter referred to as ‘L2’) students, is a potentially powerful application and warrants trial and evaluation.
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Collins, Carol. "Education for a just democracy : the role of ethical inquiry." 2004. http://arrow.unisa.edu.au:8081/1959.8/45976.
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In this thesis, it is argued that the fundamental goal of education is one of equipping individuals to partake of the good life as members of a just democratic society. It is argued further that a necessary condition for the realisation of this goal is that individuals are equipped to think well; more precisely, to make decisions on the basis of arguments that are both logically cogent (that is, which have true premises and which are either inductively strong or deductively valid) and ethically grounded (that is, with premises which express appropriate regard for the welfare of others). The concern of the thesis is the role education might play in fostering both the capability and the readiness to engage widely in such thinking. Although this concern has a long and complex history within the Western tradition, insufficient educational progress has been made. It is suggested that progress has been hampered on the one hand by the stark disciplinary divide between the descriptive approach of psychology and the normative stance of philosophy; and on the other, by a failure on the part of educational programme developers to take into account the constraints of prevailing educational structures. It is argued that what is needed is a new model of interdisciplinary research.
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(11198013), Kevin Wee. "Creation, deconstruction, and evaluation of a biochemistry animation about the role of the actin cytoskeleton in cell motility." Thesis, 2021.
Find full textAbstract:
<p>External representations (ERs) used in science education are multimodal ensembles consisting of design elements to convey educational meanings to the audience. As an example of a dynamic ER, an animation presenting its content features (i.e., scientific concepts) via varying the feature’s depiction over time. A production team invited the dissertation author to inspect their creation of a biochemistry animation about the role of the actin cytoskeleton in cell motility and the animation’s implication on learning. To address this, the author developed a four-step methodology entitled the Multimodal Variation Analysis of Dynamic External Representations (MVADER) that deconstructs the animation’s content and design to inspect how each content feature is conveyed via the animation’s design elements.</p><p><br></p><p> </p><p>This dissertation research investigated the actin animation’s educational value and the MVADER’s utility in animation evaluation. The research design was guided by descriptive case study methodology and an integrated framework consisting of the variation theory, multimodal analysis, and visual analytics. As stated above, the animation was analyzed using MVADER. The development of the actin animation and the content features the production team members intended to convey via the animation were studied by analyzing the communication records between the members, observing the team meetings, and interviewing the members individually. Furthermore, students’ learning experiences from watching the animation were examined via semi-structured interviews coupled with post- storyboarding. Moreover, the instructions of MVADER and its applications in studying the actin animation were reviewed to determine the MVADER’s usefulness as an animation evaluation tool.</p><p><br></p><p> </p><p>Findings of this research indicate that the three educators in the production team intended the actin animation to convey forty-three content features to the undergraduate biology students. At least 50% of the student who participated in this thesis learned thirty-five of these forty-three (> 80%) features. Evidence suggests that the animation’s effectiveness to convey its features was associated with the features’ depiction time, the number of identified design elements applied to depict the features, and the features’ variation of depiction over time.</p><p><br></p><p>Additionally, one-third of the student participants made similar mistakes regarding two content features after watching the actin animation: the F-actin elongation and the F-actin crosslink structure in lamellipodia. The analysis reveals the animation’s potential design flaws that might have contributed to these common misconceptions. Furthermore, two disruptors to the creation process and the educational value of the actin animation were identified: the vagueness of the learning goals and the designer’s placement of the animation’s beauty over its reach to the learning goals. The vagueness of the learning goals hampered the narration scripting process. On the other hand, the designer’s prioritization of the animation’s aesthetic led to the inclusion of a “beauty shot” in the animation that caused students’ confusion.</p><p><br></p><p> </p><p>MVADER was used to examine the content, design, and their relationships in the actin animation at multiple aspects and granularities. The result of MVADER was compared with the students’ learning outcomes from watching the animation to identify the characteristics of content’s depiction that were constructive and disruptive to learning. These findings led to several practical recommendations to teach using the actin animation and create educational ERs.</p><p><br></p><p> </p><p>To conclude, this dissertation discloses the connections between the creation process, the content and design, and the educational implication of a biochemistry animation. It also introduces MVADER as a novel ER analysis tool to the education research and visualization communities. MVADER can be applied in various formats of static and dynamic ERs and beyond the disciplines of biology and chemistry.</p>
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(9801764), Julie Hanson. "Nursing students' preparation for adversity: Exploring the curriculum as a source of learning that prepares nursing students to cope with workplace adversity." Thesis, 2015. https://figshare.com/articles/thesis/Nursing_students_preparation_for_adversity_Exploring_the_curriculum_as_a_source_of_learning_that_prepares_nursing_students_to_cope_with_workplace_adversity/13437800.
Full textAbstract:
Nursing, like many other professions, is impacted negatively by the problem of adversity. It is widely documented that nurses experience stress and anxiety as a result of bullying, difficult working conditions and the accumulation of multiple stressors that deplete job satisfaction. Adversity amongst nursing students has not been widely explored, and it was hypothesised that with greater understanding of the unique experience of these students, that solutions could be generated that could enrich the curriculum. A study was designed to elicit stories of adversity from nursing students in order to understand what they anticipated might happen in the workplace and, uncover what they actually experienced. The study was undertaken at the University of the Sunshine Coast (USC), Australia, in an undergraduate Bachelor of Nursing Science 3-year programme. Critical social theory methodology, as developed by Antonio Gramsci, was chosen to illuminate how inequalities that nursing students experience are not always perpetuated consciously, but can be a failure to notice that injustice is taking place. When taking a critical social stance, educational solutions that address adversity can focus on awareness raising on the impact of culture and cultural norms on interpersonal and interprofessional relationships. By examining how discursive practices can be perpetuated, and resisted, the study sought to identify possibilities for change to build a more resilient workforce. Data were collected in three stages: individual interview groups (stage 1 and 2) included 7 nursing students from years 1-3 of the programme. Recruitment of nursing student interviewees was completed through email on the university intranet site. The focus group interview (stage 3) was composed of 5 academic staff. These participants were the researcher’s peers as they were involved in teaching into the undergraduate nursing programme at USC. Convenience sampling was used to recruit these academics for their role as peer educators.<p></p>
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(9776870), Jeanne Allen. "The "theory-practice gap": Turning theory into practice in a pre-service teacher education program." Thesis, 2009. https://figshare.com/articles/thesis/The_theory-practice_gap_Turning_theory_into_practice_in_a_pre-service_teacher_education_program/13455275.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis investigates the theory-practice gap using the exemplar of teacher education. The research is situated in a pre-service teacher education program that explicitly seeks to bridge the theory-practice gap so that it produces “learning managers” who can negotiate the contemporary knowledge society in ways different to those of their predecessors. The empirical work reported in this thesis describes and interprets the experiences of preservice and beginning teachers in turning theory into practice. In order to accomplish this outcome, the thesis draws on Mead’s theory of emergence and symbolic interactionism to provide a theoretical perspective for meaning-making in social situations. Data for the study were collected through interviews and focus groups involving a sample of first-year graduate teachers of an Australian pre-service teacher education program. The main finding of this thesis is that the theory-practice gap in pre-service teacher education under present institutional arrangements is an inevitable phenomenon arising as individuals undergo the process of emergence from pre-service to graduate and then beginning teachers. The study shows that despite the efforts of the program developers, environmental, social and cultural conditions in teacher education processes and structures and in schools inhibit the trainee and novitiate teacher from exercising agency to effect change in traditional classroom practices. Thus, the gap between theory and practice is co-produced and sustained in the model that characterises contemporary preservice teacher education in the perspectives of lecturers, teachers and administrators -- Abstract.
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(9803717), Elspeth Hibberd. "Studies of Mycoses in farmed estuarine crocodiles (Crocodylus porosus Schneider 1801)." Thesis, 1996. https://figshare.com/articles/thesis/Studies_of_Mycoses_in_farmed_estuarine_crocodiles_Crocodylus_porosus_Schneider_1801_/13426844.
Full textAbstract:
Project aims to investigate the epidemiology of systemic mycotic disease in juvenile farmed estuarine crocodiles and to describe the histopathology of the infection.. The ubiquitous fungus, Fusarium solani (Mart.) Sacc., (teleomorph Nectria haematococca Berk and Broome) was frequently isolated, both superficially and systemically, from diseased juvenile farmed crocodiles, Crocodylus porosus Schneider 1801. At autopsy, various internal tissues sllowed granulomatous inflammations from which the .same fungal pathogen was readily isolated. Asymptomatic tissues were also shown to be infected. Other fungi isolated with less frequency from the animals were Paecilomyces lilacinus, Cladosporium sp. and Aspergillus sp. Infection rates at a commercial crocodile farm had reached epidemic proportions with mortality and morbidity in excess of 50% of each year's eggs and 50% of each year's hatchlings. Environmental samples showed that the pathogen was widely distributed in the farm environment. Contamination of freshly laid eggs by the pathogen was determined as the probable primary cause of infection, along with subsequent physical trauma in juveniles. Natural nesting material was implicated as a major source of egg contamination. To prevent infection of eggs, changes to procedures in the artificial incubation techniques used at the fann were carried out and a significant increase in hatchability was achieved. Treatments of diseased animals met with varying degrees of success. Attempts weremade to control the incidence of the disease by modifying husbandry practices afterinvestigation of environmental parameters. Hatchling survival was significantly improved. Standard autopsy, histological and mycological procedures were used to isolate andidentify the pathogens. Various environmental monitoring methods were employedwith a view to minimising stress on the animals. Scanning electron microscopy wasused to determine the method of access by the fungi into the eggs.
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(9782615), Ray Boyle. "Mount Morgan Limited: The triumphs and disappointments 1932 - 1990." Thesis, 2014. https://figshare.com/articles/thesis/Mount_Morgan_Limited_The_triumphs_and_disappointments_1932_-_1990/13438298.
Full textAbstract:
The 108 year history of the Mount Morgan mine has been told and retold but little attention has been paid to the sixty-one year history of Mount Morgan Limited. It is now over twenty-three years since production ceased, so fewer people remain who were associated with this period of the mine history. Most are unaware of the reasons for its success or failure, and of the management decisions that ultimately affected the lives and prosperity of the Mount Morgan community. Consequently, there have been areas of narration, especially in this latter period, which have drawn either praise or criticism, often without sufficient and accurate historical detail by way of comparison. The thesis addresses these shortcomings across the relevant areas, drawing principally on primary material contained in company archives lodged with CQUniversity, Rockhampton and supported by pertinent secondary literature. By examining areas of ‘praise or criticism’ in the operation of Mount Morgan Limited, and placing these within the context of the broader mining community, the thesis offers a new analysis of the history of the mine. The thesis establishes that, while returning significant dividends to its shareholders, and providing a guaranteed income, social and educational support to generations of Mount Morgan people, the Company failed to expand its activities and initially disregarded the surrounding environment. In evaluating these commercial, social, operational and environmental areas of its operations, the thesis addresses not just the perceptions of the triumphs and disappointments of Mount Morgan Limited, but also examines its relationship with the broader mining community, both national and international. It addresses the extent to which the Company followed or departed from industry practices elsewhere, including the extent of influence exerted by directors and senior staff, the introduction of a welfare scheme and social initiatives, as well as its persistent, but ill-fated attempts to diversify its operations.
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(9875831), X. Qiu. "Studies on cartilage-derived inhibitors of angiogenesis." Thesis, 2002. https://figshare.com/articles/thesis/Studies_on_cartilage-derived_inhibitors_of_angiogenesis/13426838.
Full textAbstract:
"This work arose from anecdotal evidence for the existence of anti-angiogenic factors in shark cartilage powders. The project aimed to elucidate the mechanisms of anti-angiogenesis of shark cartilage, identify at least one novel anti-angiogenic factor from shark cartilage, and search for other natural anti-angiogenic factors in cartilage of other species." -- abstract.. This work arose from anecdotal evidence for the existence of anti-angiogenic factors in shark cartilage powders. The project aimed to elucidate the mechanisms of anti-angiogenesis of shark cartilage, identify at least one novel anti-angiogenic factor from shark cartilage, and search for other natural anti-angiogenic factors in cartilage of other species. The goals of the work have been successfully achieved. Firstly, a large number of commercially available shark cartilage powders have been investigated and it was found that 22% of samples tested showed no anti-angiogenic activity (CAM assay), while the remaining 78% showed variable anti-angiogenic activity. Secondly, cartilage from other species including emu, ostrich, deer, camel, crocodile and kangaroo have been investigate, and most were found to be bioactive in anti-angiogenesis. The screening potency of the bioactive agents not only varied between different cartilage depots in the one species but also varied between species. Bioactive fractions comparable in activity to those of shark were obtained from crocodile ischeum. In contrast, cartilage fractions obtained from the ostrich sternum and camel nasal septum did not show any anti-angiogenic activities. Mammalian representatives (deer, camel and kangaroo) in this study all had cartilage depots which provided variable bioactivity. Kangaroo rib and camel ear seem likely to be promising substitutes for shark cartilage if considering the efficiency of cartilage collection and availability and together with potency. Thirdly, mechanisms of anti-angiogenesis of shark cartilage have been investigated, it was found that shark cartilage inhibits angiogenesis on CAM by blocking heparin-binding of bFGF with heparin sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs) on the surface of endothelial cells involving nitric oxide (NO). Finally, two active fractions have been isolated from shark cartilage, high anti-angiogenic activity has been shown in the bioassay, two proteins purified from these two active fractions were demonstrated on SDS-PAGE. The implications of these findings in terms of further scientific research and the cartilage trade are discussed_
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(11799615), Peter John Brown. "Studies on the epidemiology and other aspects of Chalara elegans." Thesis, 1999. https://figshare.com/articles/thesis/Studies_on_the_epidemiology_and_other_aspects_of_Chalara_elegans/17132273.
Full textAbstract:
<div>Chalara elegans is a fungal pathogen of a wide range of plant hosts including several of economic importance such as citrus, tomato, legumes and lettuce. The pathogen elicits a range of symptoms, the overall syndrome commonly</div><div>being referred to as black root rot. Although recognised as a common member of the soil mycobiota, it has been reported that more virulent strains have been introduced from overseas in sphagnum peat. This material is frequently used in seedling nurseries to raise seedlings prior to transplantation to field situations</div><div>for crop maturation.</div>
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(9798107), Geeta Gautam Kafle. "Some studies on the physiology of Stevia rebaundiana (Bertoni)." Thesis, 2011. https://figshare.com/articles/thesis/Some_studies_on_the_physiology_of_Stevia_rebaundiana_Bertoni_/13457141.
Full textAbstract:
"Stevia, a zero calorie natural sweetener, is a new crop for Australia. It was approved in 2008 for use as a food ingredient by Food Standard Australia and New Zealand (FSANZ). Steviol Glycoside (SG) found in the leaves is responsible for the sweetness of Stevia. As a new crop to Australia, commercial cultivation of Stevia is yet to commence. The agronomic requirements of the crop in Australian conditions are yet to be determined. Therefore, the current study aims to lay the foundation for developing both agronomic practice and varietal selection for stevia cultivation in Australia"--Abstract.
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(13283710), Caroline Browning. "Catholic principals' images of quality preschool practice: A far north Queensland perspective." Thesis, 1999. https://figshare.com/articles/thesis/Catholic_principals_images_of_quality_preschool_practice_A_far_north_Queensland_perspective/20540196.
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<p>Preschool education in Queensland is undergoing a series of redevelopments. The process of redefining preschool education is a long and involved one. In the final publication stage, these developments have been given a curriculum focus, with a framework proposed to link all aspects of preschool curriculum. As the vehicle through which the preschool curriculum is delivered, the Guidelines highlight and promote developmentally, socially and culturally appropriate learning opportunities and outcomes for children in a preschool program. Determining whether such outcomes are appropriate has in the past, been a task relegated to the professional judgment and decision making of the teacher. The focus of the renewed Preschool Curriculum Guidelines explores a new perspective, by highlighting the need to develop worthwhile and 'workable' partnerships with parents, children, professional colleagues and community members to influence the quality of the learning outcomes for children. Resolving whether such outcomes meet quality measures introduces a focus on the value of preschool education, and particularly, its contribution to establishing foundations for lifelong learning. At the same time as introducing a focus on what is appropriate, understanding 'quality' involves the interpretation and understanding of 'quality' asa more inclusive term, incorporating all elements of practice.</p>
<p>It has been argued that the Queensland Preschool Curriculum Guidelines are reaffirming the like-minded and that, since it is the responsibility of principals and school administrators to disseminate the Guidelines, the focus should be narrowed to identifying and exploring their views regarding the Preschool Guidelines and understanding of quality preschool practice. This research represents a new and innovative approach to the study of professional knowledge and the way it is used to make judgments about the provision of a quality curriculum in the preschool context.</p>
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(5929757), James S. Holly. "“Of The Coming Of James”: A Critical Autoethnography On Teaching Engineering To Black Boys As A Black Man." Thesis, 2018.
Find full textAbstract:
In W. E. B. Du Bois’ The Souls of Black Folk there is a story entitled “Of the Coming of John” that features two boys named John, one black from a poor family, the other white from a wealthy family. As the two are away at college each family awaits ‘of the coming of John,’ the title is also a reference to maturity because black John becomes disillusioned with race relations as he is awakened to the injustices that seemed so normal. Like black John, I too went to college far away from my hometown, developed a heightened awareness of society’s racism, and retained a desire to return home to teach youth in my community. And like black John, I want to teach by implementing a pedagogy that promotes equity for black Americans amid inequitable conditions.<div><br></div><div>The research problem addressed in this study relates to the absence of sociopolitical teaching practices in K-12 engineering education, which I argue is necessary for equitable inclusion of underrepresented racial/ethnic minorities in general, and black males in particular. Black Americans are plagued by racial inequities that transcend all domains of societal living (e.g., economics, education, health, etc.); this lamentable reality is the direct result of historical disenfranchisement of this racial group within the United States. Therefore, engineering must be taught with pertinence to the social, political, and cultural realities of the pupils. This self-study was an investigation into my story of living as a black male and studying engineering, and how my experience (along with my sociological understanding of other black males) shaped the way I taught engineering to black boys. Critical autoethnography was used to articulate the cultural and experiential knowledge that guided my instructional methods. Black Critical Theory, an offshoot of Critical Race Theory, served as one theoretical framework for this study because it centralizes the prevalence of anti-blackness as a lens to understand the experiences of black citizens. African American Male Theory is a complementary framework as it takes a broader ecological perspective to analyze the experiences of black male citizens. Taken together, these frameworks reveal the distinct features of American life negotiated by black males.<br></div><div><br></div><div>Resultantly, my life events led me to merge black racial identity, black politics, and the dynamics surrounding the education of black boys to teach K-12 engineering within a critical race pedagogical framework. I was socialized to be present and authentic among the people I want to lead and serve, hence, my devotion to community-engage scholarship. I grew tired of watching educators give-up on black students or become volatile, therefore, I spent time with the hyper-marginalized to build up the requisite resilience to avoid dysfunctional teaching and a cynical demeanor. I have felt undervalued and left-out in some classroom experiences, so I prioritize connecting with students over presenting content. I’ve witnessed engineering educators ostracize and belittle students unwilling to assimilate to its cultural norms, contrarily, I taught black boys with the goal of making engineering relatable to them, not vice versa.<br></div>
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(13285968), Kerry Lupton-Kelso. "Bullying in schools: Guidance officer and student perspectives." Thesis, 1997. https://figshare.com/articles/thesis/Bullying_in_schools_Guidance_officer_and_student_perspectives/20546061.
Full textAbstract:
<p>Bullying in schools has been a problem for as long as schools have existed. The issues are complex and research indicates that incidents of children being victimised are increasing.</p>
<p>Two related studies are discussed in this report. Respondents for Study 1 are guidance officers from the Central Queensland region and issues of interest are: their perceptions regarding the frequency of bullying in schools; whom victims of bullying would be most likely to confide in; whether students would seek assistance from guidance officers if they are being bullied at school; and what strategies are successful for victims. For Study 2, respondents are students at a local Central Queensland high school. The focus is upon whom victims of bullying would be most likely to confide in.</p>
<p>Results for both Studies 1 and 2 indicate that victims of bullying are more likely to tell their friends, and very unlikely to seek assistance from guidance officers, if they are being bullied at school. In Study 1 all respondents, further, report that bullying occurs in their respective schools and many feel that the most successful strategy for dealing with victims of bullying is to adopt a 'whole school' approach.</p>
<p>Both previous studies and this present research indicate some hope for future action against bullying in schools. It is this researcher's opinion, however, that future prospects may be far more sombre and that intervention by guidance officers and school administrators will do little to alleviate the problem while dominance over others is encouraged by society.</p>
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(12162601), Margery Ruth Cass. "Constructions of childhood in the works of Ethel Turner and Mary Grant Bruce: Pilgrims and Peter Pans." Thesis, 1998. https://figshare.com/articles/thesis/Constructions_of_childhood_in_the_works_of_Ethel_Turner_and_Mary_Grant_Bruce_Pilgrims_and_Peter_Pans/19253597.
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<div>This thesis investigates the way in which children's literature acts as a site for the construction of discourses about childhood, and how the situating of children's literature</div><div>within wider paradigms of childhood involves the circulation of competing discourses and opposing models of childhood. This leads to an examination of how texts produce different</div><div>versions of childhood and the values and ideologies these entail. The works of Australia's earliest major children's writers, Ethel Turner and Mary Grant Bruce, and in particular their best known novels, Seven Little Australians and A Little Bush Maid (from the Billabong series) are used to illustrate this contestation and provide examples of the two main</div><div>discourses I have identified, which I call the Pilgrim and the Peter Pan models of childhood. The narratives constructed by these two models produce certain roles and power relations for children and reproduce certain value systems.</div><div><div>My analysis is based on Fairclough's concepts of intertextuality and interdiscursivity, which regard text and discourse as active forces in the social construction of knowledge. Halliday's systemic -functional linguistics, as a functional and semantically -based grammar, also</div><div>facilitates analysis of how texts construct social relations. To demonstrate how the language of the text constructs the social relations determined by the Pilgrim and Peter Pan models of childhood, I have used a transitivity analysis to investigate how the selection of material or mental processes, and of certain types of participant, determine and construct characterization. I have also used a mood analysis to reveal some of the power structures operating and coming into conflict with each other as different discourses are activated in the text. Other aspects of narrative such as focalization round out the analysis of how these</div><div>models function, showing how the novels of these two authors thus participate in and reaccentuate widely circulating discourses of childhood, which effectively construct versions of childhood which disempower children and circumscribe the identities and narratives available to them.</div></div>
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Murray, C. "Scott of the Antarctic: The Conservation of a Story." 2006. http://eprints.utas.edu.au/2627.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis examines the present status and enduring significance of the story “Scott of the Antarctic.” It critically reviews the story’s century-long history of
interpretation and, via literary analysis, considers its meaning for a contemporary audience. It argues that while Captain Robert Scott’s historic hut is being conserved as an icon of the heroic era of Antarctic exploration, the story which gives that hut its meaning is in a less satisfactory condition and is also in need of conservation.
In keeping with the twofold nature of its subject—a story which is based on fact—the thesis acknowledges both historiographical and literary critical perspectives. In addition, it draws on a wide range of data: manuscript letters and journals, newspaper and magazine commentary, historical monographs, biographies, literary works and film.
The thesis reviews recent scholarly commentary on Scott’s story and identifies a variety of shortcomings. These include the polarized nature of the discussion, heavy uncritical use of a single influential debunking biography and a concomitant neglect of earlier sources. A detailed analytical survey of the story’s interpretation, from its genesis to the present, highlights principal
themes and the influence of intellectual fashions. Veneration of the central character has always been accompanied by criticism. But judgements of Scott’s
last expedition necessarily lack full knowledge of the circumstances, and many exhibit partisanship, faulty reasoning and the bias of hindsight. Two aspects of
the story that have remained surprisingly unexamined are critiqued: the saintly reputation of Lawrence Oates, and the methods and accounts of the other contender for the South Pole, Roald Amundsen. Despite some recent
favourable appraisals of Scott, evidence is presented that the character assassination that began in the late 1970s persists today.
The final part of the thesis directs attention away from judicial and historical debates, and seeks the story’s deeper resonances through literary analysis. Although the quality of Scott’s writing and the tragic nature of his story are often mentioned, they have previously received scant critical attention. Aspects of the explorer’s literary skill are examined, and comparisons explored between his story and Greek tragedy as described in Aristotle’s Poetics. The discussion locates a large part of the transhistorical meaning of “Scott of the Antarctic” in its tragic qualities, and concludes by considering how the story’s potential has been exploited in imaginative renderings.