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Journal articles on the topic 'Curriculum Teaching of mother tongue'
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Erokhina, E. L., and O. Yu Knyazeva. "On the Сontinuity between the School Subjects «School Rhetoric» and «Russian Language as a Mother Tongue»." Russian language at school 81, no. 2 (March 20, 2020): 7–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.30515/0131-6141-2020-81-2-7-12.
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This research was aimed at justifying the continuity between the course «Russian language as a mother tongue» and the course «School rhetoric», as well as to actualize the semantical and methodological aspects of school rhetoric, which can serve as a pillar in the teaching of a new subject. The primary research method was a comparative analysis of the curricula «Russian language as a mother tongue» and «School rhetoric». It is shown that, despite differences in the curriculum, these subjects share the function of supporting the main course of the Russian language. Although both relying on the linguistic competence of students formed by the course «Russian language», these courses have their own goals and objectives, as well as the content and teaching methods. It is concluded that the goals of the «Russian language as a mother tongue» course are largely consistent with those of «School rhetoric», including the pedagogical objective of forming students’ respectful attitude towards their mother tongue and native culture; developing students’ civic and patriotic qualities; improving communication skills and speech technique of students; the formation of meta-subject competencies.The content of the «Russian language as a mother tongue» and «School rhetoric» courses overlap in covering the following topics: orthology, speech etiquette, the concept of a communicative situation, language activities, genres of oral and written speech, text as a unit of communication, netiquette, etc. The potential of the rhetoric method in organizing the learning activities aimed at the formation of students’ communicative competence are demonstrated on the example of the topic «Scientific and academic styles. Report, presentation» covered in Year 9 of the «Russian language as a mother tongue» course. The general conclusion is that teachers can use the experience of teaching rhetoric at school when implementing a new course «Russian language as a mother tongue».
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Dudics Lakatos, Kateryna, and Natalia Libak. "TRANSCARPATHIAN EDUCATION THROUGH THE PRISM OF DIALECT ATTITUDE." Philological Review, no. 1 (May 31, 2021): 34–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.31499/2415-8828.1.2021.232641.
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Most of the pupils who go to school speak the language version they have learned at home and only during the teaching process acquire the standard version of the spoken language. That is why it is extremely important that any negative, unpleasant experience should not be connected to the primary language version, as the only basis, building onwhich, mother tongue teaching can be effective.
In our study, based on the data from a repeated questionnaire collection, we would like to illustrate what do the teachers of the Transcarpathian secondary schools with the Hungarian language of instruction think about the non-standard versions and theirs speakers. In 2008, 150 teachers responded to the questions about a language and dialect attitude, and in 2018, the same questionnaire was completed by 100 colleagues online or on paper basis. In the study, we used the SPSS statistical processing program, so it turns out whether there has been a significant change in the perception of dialects in the last 10 years in the studied community. After all, the teaching of Hungarian as a mother tongue was reformed during this period, and the curriculum also gave priority to the issue of mother tongue’ version and communication competence.
Based on the partial results of the repeated study, we can state that in the past 10 years the opinion of Transcarpathian teachers of secondary schools with the Hungarian language of instruction has changed in a positive direction.There was a higher proportion of responses suggesting an additive approach mediated by the formal curriculum than in 2008. Nevertheless, the explanatory answers received in addition to the more positive statistics still show a trace of the previous approach: the linguistic and dialectal consciousness of the majority of the respondents is far from definite and confident.There are a number of stereotypes in seemingly benign but rather forgiving writings that take longer to undress.However, it is clear that the reform of mother tongue education has an impact, even a positive one.
In order to be even more effective, the mother-tongue education in Transcarpathia must follow this way. Therefore, it is important that teachers who teach in both Ukrainian and minority languages show a definite and objective attitude towards their pupils in addition to/despite the changing mother tongue curricula and inconsistent textbooks that do not meet local needs.
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Pieniążek, Marek. "Przełamywanie systemowej izolacji...: środkowosłowiańskie dydaktyki literatury i języków ojczystych." Annales Universitatis Paedagogicae Cracoviensis. Studia ad Didacticam Litterarum Polonarum et Linguae Polonae Pertinentia 11, no. 315 (December 28, 2020): 10–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.24917/20820909.11.1.
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This paper focuses on policy of mother tongue education in Slavonic countries like the Czech Republic, Serbia, Slovakia and Poland. The presented article covers mainly issues concerning language policy in the context of teaching of national languages. The comparison shows that the common history of Slavs and socio-geographical factors don’t play important role in planning of the L1 Slavonic educational systems. The analysis reveals also the lack of interdependence between the Slavonic national curriculum. That is why the author proposes new direction in comparative studies to include the mother tongue education in the process of building the regional, cultural and economic community of the Slavs.
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Nocoń, Jolanta. "Linguistic and communication education at Polish lessons during the period of cultural change. Musings on the curriculum." Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Litteraria Polonica 56, no. 1 (March 31, 2020): 19–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.18778/1505-9057.56.02.
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The article discusses the challenges posed in the 21st century in terms of linguistic and communication education in terms of teaching Polish as the mother tongue. The author posited that socialisation cannot replace education, which is why one of the major goals of linguistic education in terms of the mother tongue is to satisfy the linguistic and communication needs of pupils resulting from the cultural transformations happening in the modern world. The new tasks which Polish teachers face include the development of the so-called new communicational competence, which enables communication in a world dominated by the media, including digital media, and to counter the process of lowering the standards of verbal communication, including verbal aggression and language primitivism.
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Kerndl, Milena, and Metka Kordigel Aberšek. "THE EFFECTIVENESS OF DISTANCED E-LEARNING IN TEACHERS’ EDUCATION: A CASE STUDY IN SLOVENIA." Problems of Education in the 21st Century 72, no. 1 (August 25, 2016): 16–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.33225/pec/16.72.16.
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In the last two decades a remarkable shift from conventional forms of teaching toward e-learning happened on all levels of education. This shift included also teachers’ permanent, lifelong education. The purpose of the study was to find and compare the effectiveness of conventional workshop and an e-learning module in teachers’ lifelong/permanent professional training. A study included 30 mother tongue teachers. The aim of the teachers training course curriculum was focused in their competence for developing students’/reader’s reception metacognition (RRM), a competence which is a prerequisite for differentiation/individualization in the process of implementation of literature curriculum in the frame of mother tongue education. Pre- intervention and post- intervention teaching practice of both groups of teachers were observed and compared to find out, which form of lifelong education influenced participants’ teaching practice in a more effective way. The qualitative and quantitative analysis of data, gained in e-module and compared with those, gained in the traditional workshop education, shows a significantly bigger effect of education on the case study participants teaching practice for the group of teachers, which participated in traditional educational form – a workshop. Key words: distanced e-learning, lifelong learning, reader’s reception metacognition, teachers’ training.
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BAUTISTA, JUDY, Ilynne Samonte, Cecille Marie Improgo, and Merry Ruth Gutierrez. "Mother Tongue versus English as a Second Language in Mathematical Word Problems: Implications to Language Policy Development in the Philippines." International Journal of Language and Literary Studies 2, no. 2 (June 8, 2020): 18–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.36892/ijlls.v2i2.283.
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This study investigated the performance of 150 Tagalog and 131 Sinugbuanong Bisaya grade three pupils with regard to solving mathematical word problems written in their mother-tongue (L1) and in English as their second language (L2). The respondents were subjected to a validated teacher-made parallel tests based on the competencies stipulated in the first and second quarter mathematics curriculum guide of the Philippines. Results of which were compared and analyzed using two-tailed t-test. Findings show that the Tagalog pupils performed better in their mother-tongue over English as their second language. On the other hand, Sinugbuanong Bisaya pupils performed better in English as their second language over their mother-tongue. While results appear contradictory, contextual discussions offer valuable insights into the situation, allowing avenues for more exploration and investigations. As implication to language policy development, this study offers the use of translanguaging in content area instruction and assessment, specifically in the teaching and learning of mathematical problem solving
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Hansén, Sven‐Erik. "Word and world in mother tongue teaching in Finland: Curriculum policy in a bilingual society." Language, Culture and Curriculum 4, no. 2 (January 1991): 107–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07908319109525097.
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Khadijah Abdul Razak, Hafizhah Zulkifli, Firdaus Abdul Fatah,. "Exploring Methodology for Sharia Subject in Accordance with Dini Integrated Curriculum." Psychology and Education Journal 58, no. 1 (January 1, 2021): 2456–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.17762/pae.v58i1.1122.
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Ensuring teaching objectives to be achieved among pupils is not an easy task, especially if the subject is newly introduced to them. Sharia subject in this research, is using Dini Integrated Curriculum (DIC) which was introduced not long ago in 2015. It is unique that this subject is taught in the Arabic Language and not the mother tongue of Malaysians. This research applied quantitative method. Data was collected through interviews with 8 research respondents and then triangulated by observations and document analysis. Research findings showed that teachers used methods connected to games and active class participations. The implications of this research revealed that teaching techniques for this subject can be varied and not mundane.
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Guerra, Joaquim. "Will education in the mother tongue contribute to the increase of digital literacies?" World Journal on Educational Technology: Current Issues 6, no. 3 (August 5, 2017): 139. http://dx.doi.org/10.18844/wjet.v6i3.1975.
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We live undoubtedly in a digital era in which younger people have more technological knowledge and use technology more than older people who mostly must adapt their lives and practices, learning how, why, and when to use digital tools. In schools, this gap is visible if we compare the curricula for teaching the Portuguese mother tongue and teachers’ practices. As we demonstrate, the references in syllabi are residual, and teachers use digital tools as they used other tools before. This paper aims to summarize and to intersect the results from previous studies on information and communication technologies (ICT), Portuguese mother tongue syllabi, and teachers’ practices with ICT. It also points out some causes of the lack of aims for the increase of digital literacy in mother tongue education.
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DEMÉNY, Piroska. "Digital life stories in year four of primary school." Acta Didactica Napocensia 13, no. 2 (December 31, 2020): 43–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.24193/adn.13.2.3.
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"Abstract: In Romania, the curriculum for mother tongue education for grade three and four of primary school defines spoken and written text production in various communication situations as a general educational requirement and competence. (see the curriculum for competence-based teaching of the mother tongue approved by Ministerial Decree No. 5003 of 4 December 2014. Hungarian Language and Literature, grade three and four). This experimental study examines the impact of digital storytelling on children’s text production skills. Our aim was to design an interventionprogramme that develops primary school children’s selfexpression, text production skills, creativity but also their digital competencies. The goal is to use digital storytelling to develop children’s composition skills, including staying on the subject, creating the connection between title and content, spelling, text appearance, and reaching the desired length. In order to achieve our objective, we devised experiments involving two cohorts of children in year four of primary school who were given stories selected from Angi Máté’s book Volt egyszer egy… (Once upon a time there was a…). Using these stories as a starting point, the members of the both groups created their own stories, the experimental group applying digital storytelling, while the control group applied the technique of collage."
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Handayani, Dini. "IMPROVING EFL NON-ENGLISH TEACHERS IN TEACHER TALK ABILITY THROUGH TEACHERS’ TRAINING AT SD TUNAS GLOBAL." IJLECR - INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF LANGUAGE EDUCATION AND CULTURE REVIEW 7, no. 1 (June 30, 2021): 69–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.21009/ijlecr.071.06.
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Foreign curriculum in Indonesia schools become more in demand. The schools facilitate the teachers with the students’ book written in English. The teachers must be able to deliver the lesson into the correct English that is specifically made and used in the classroom. Not all the teachers know that English for teaching is different from daily English. Since SD Tunas Global combined the new curriculum from the Cambridge in the education year 2020-2021 with the goverment curriculum, the needs of using English inside and outside the classroom is a must. Phenomena which were often appeared from the observation were teachers often used mother-tongue language; Bahasa Indonesia and they tend to directly translate Bahasa Indonesia into English without knowing whether the language was proper English to use in teaching. Techer talk is the sentences and expressions that can be used both inside and outside classroom. The data were taken from the interview, observation and the result from the test. This research employed qualitative and quantative method.
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Kodan, Hülya, and Kürşad Kara. "Grammar Teaching in the Turkish Language Course Curriculum: An Examination in the Context of Acquisitions, Activity, and Teachers’ Opinions." Journal of Curriculum and Teaching 10, no. 2 (May 18, 2021): 28. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/jct.v10n2p28.
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This research aimed to reveal teachers’ opinions about how the grammar-teaching process is related to the acquisitions in the curriculum, activities, and acquisitions presented in the textbooks teaching in mother tongue, the study reviewed different textbooks from four publishers, Cem, Sonuç, Koza, and Ministry of National Education (MEB) publications prepared for the 2018 primary school Turkish language course curriculum and Education Information Network (EBA) of the Turkish Ministry of Education. Moreover, opinions of ten primary school teachers who have taught all grades regarding the teaching process for grammar acquisition were investigated. The study conducted a case study method, which is one of the qualitative research techniques. Besides, a document analysis was conducted to obtain the research findings. Structured interview protocol and document review were used as the data collection tool. The findings of the study revealed that acquisition in the learning areas of reading and writing for grammar in the curriculum was not clearly and transparently identified, and the limits of the teaching framework were not specified. The study findings also revealed that information was transferred only in the majority of the grammar activities in the textbooks. Also, classroom teachers reported that they used different methods on the subjects they could embody in the teaching process, but they claimed to have difficulties in teaching abstract concepts.
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Corcheş, Horia, and Mușata Bocoș. "A short critical analysis of curricular paradigms involved in teaching the mother tongue." Educatia 21, no. 17 (December 20, 2019): 179–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.24193/ed21.2019.17.19.
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van Rijt, Jimmy H. M., and Peter-Arno J. M. Coppen. "The conceptual importance of grammar." Pedagogical Linguistics 2, no. 2 (May 18, 2021): 175–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/pl.21008.van.
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Abstract Knowledge about Language (KaL) is an important part of L1 language education around the world. A controversial part of KaL is grammatical or syntactic knowledge, i.e., knowledge about the form, meaning and use of sentences and phrases. In the current international discourse on L1 grammar teaching, grammar is principally motivated by the desire to enhance students’ literacy development, befitting the communicative turn in mother tongue education and following high quality research which has shown that contextualized grammar teaching can impact on students’ writing development. However, there are also other potentially meaningful reasons to teach grammar, which remain underresearched and underdiscussed in curriculum discussions: (1) the general importance of language justifies that L1 speakers understand how their language works; (2) grammar teaching provides more insight into the workings of the human mind; (3) grammar teaching can be used to facilitate students’ reasoning and stimulate their critical thinking abilities. These reasons for teaching grammar do not necessarily relate to literacy development; rather, they pertain to a general conceptual importance of knowledge about grammar. This paper explores these arguments and argues, partly based on empirical evidence from recent research, that knowledge-related rationales deserve a more prominent place in curriculum discussions about grammar teaching.
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Shinco, Tayibat. "CHALLENGES OF EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION IN SOKOTO STATE OF NIGERIA: IMPLICATION FOR COUNSELLING." International Journal of Strategic Research in Education, Technology and Humanities 8, no. 1 (September 3, 2020): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.48028/iiprds/ijsreth.v8.i1.01.
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Contemporary Early Child Care, Development and Education (ECCDE) in Nigeria are becoming more diverse. Nevertheless, it is still bedeviled with issues and problems. This paper discusses the existing UBE programme, policies and strategies in the implementation of the ECCDE in Nigeria. The paper further examines the challenges of ECCDE in Nigeria. The main issues of which include the use of English as medium of communication and instruction; lack of competent and qualified teachers; lack of effective supervision; and the ratio of teacher to pupils. The paper concludes that for Nigeria to achieve sustainable education development, interventions to improve the quality of ECCDE in Nigeria, the school-based curriculum must be adequately promoted. The paper suggest the use of mother tongue in teaching at this level, provision of more infrastructures and the introduction of unified standardized curriculum for set of programme.
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Wikholm, Miikka, and Juli-Anna Aerila. "Teaching mathematics with children’s literature in Finland." International Journal of Learning and Teaching 8, no. 4 (October 31, 2016): 253. http://dx.doi.org/10.18844/ijlt.v8i4.1187.
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The Finnish school system will transfer to the new Core Curriculum for Basic Education 2014 in 2016. The new curriculum emphasizes integration of subjects. In Finland, mathematics and the mother tongue are the two subjects which are taught the most and therefore play a significant role in every primary teacher’s weekly routine. Unlike English-speaking countries, Finland lacks children’s literature aimed towards use in mathematics teaching. This study aimed to understand teachers’ and teacher-trainees’ points of view on the extent to which they use children’s literature in teaching mathematics in primary school and how to efficiently use children’s literature in teaching mathematics in primary school. This study was a part of an international study entitled ‘Teachers’ beliefs on the integration of children’s literature in primary mathematics learning and teaching: A comparative study’, including universities from England, Hong Kong, Australia, and Finland. The aim was to determine teachers’ beliefs concerning integration of children’s literature into mathematics teaching and to the extent to which this benefits learning. Data collection was conducted via web-based questionnaires translated into Finnish from spring to autumn 2015. Mixed methods data analysis showed that teachers/teacher-trainees do not use children’s literature in mathematics teaching, but they still recognize various ways to implement it into their teaching. Previous studies on the use of literature in mathematics teaching show that children’s literature may provide a meaningful context to develop mathematical skills and foster children’s positive attitudes towards mathematics, as the stories in the literature are presented in an engaging and approachable manner.Keywords: mathematics, children’s literature, teaching
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Pham, Quang Nam. "Can Indirect, Delayed Error Correction Improve Students’ Willingness to Speak in the Target Language?" Anglica. An International Journal of English Studies, no. 27/2 (September 17, 2018): 173–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.7311/0860-5734.27.2.10.
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At a high school where I have worked as a visiting lecturer, students of English as a Foreign Language (EFL) tend to use their mother tongue (L1) instead of the target language (L2) in communicative activities. Many factors are to blame for this issue, such as the seating arrangement, the language curriculum, the influences from the interlocutors, and the teacher correction methods (Pham 2005). This study aims to propose a strategy to correct student errors during communicative activities. Data analysis shows that the strategy of error correction that a teacher uses will have a substantial impact on student use of L2 in oral activities. Drawing from such fi ndings, I suggest some practical teaching strategies to maximize L2 and minimize L1 in speaking activities.
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Heaney, Liam F. "Children Using Language: Can Computers Help?" Gifted Education International 8, no. 3 (September 1992): 146–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026142949200800305.
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This article considers some of the ways in which computers and appropriate software can be used to encourage children to use language purposefully. It discusses the range of computer software that is available for Primary School children and suggests ways of incorporating such software into the various subject areas. While highlighting the valuable contribution that computers can make to the teaching and learning process in schools, the article stresses the need for the planned integration of computers and computer software into an overall curriculum strategy which has an evident cohesiveness and a continuity. The surest means by which children are enabled to master their mother tongue is by exploiting the process of discovery through language in all its uses. A Language for Life
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Nagy, Gábor Tolcsvai. "The application of functional cognitive linguistic pedagogy under the conditions of linguistic minorities." Journal of Linguistics/Jazykovedný casopis 71, no. 3 (December 1, 2020): 373–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jazcas-2021-0005.
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Abstract The paper gives an overview of the general and special factors of L2 learning of Hungarian minorities across the borders of Hungary, that is, in Slovakia. Indigenous minorities like Hungarians in Slovakia are strongly interested in fluent state language knowledge. Still, the state school system failed to work out and implement a suitable language pedagogy for linguistic minorities, since the state curriculum comprised only one type of Slovak lessons, the one for pupils speaking Slovak as their mother tongue. This curriculum does not consider the special needs for bilingual pupils (on different levels of bilingualism) and those growing up in pure minority environment. The paper introduces functional cognitive linguistics as a usage-based theory and descriptive activity that gives new methods for L2 learning and teaching, building on the vernacular linguistic and conceptual knowledge of the pupils, focusing on the meaning – form pairs of linguistic expressions both in the vernacular and the second (state) language. In the second part, certain grammatical units are discussed as the topic of functional language pedagogy: lexical units and their grammatical adjustment to the syntactic and semantic structure of the sentence, or metaphor in use. In the third part, the topics of the previous section are treated in a comparative Hungarian – Slovak style, as examples of L2 teaching methodology.
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Ipek Egilmez, Nigar. "Comparison of Mother Tongue Teaching Curriculums Implemented at the Middle School Level in Turkey and England." Universal Journal of Educational Research 6, no. 10 (October 2018): 2384–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.13189/ujer.2018.061038.
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Rubdy, Rani, and T. Ruanni F. Tupas. "Research in applied linguistics and language teaching and learning in Singapore (2000–2007)." Language Teaching 42, no. 3 (July 2009): 317–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s026144480900576x.
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In this review of research in applied linguistics and language teaching and learning in Singapore, more than one hundred national publications for the period 2000–2007 will be reviewed. Since this period encompasses certain changes that were introduced in Singapore schools at the start of the new millennium, it would be appropriate to take stock of the studies that showcase these changes. These studies fall under five main areas of local research: norms, standards and models; English language curriculum and policy; reading and writing instruction and research; mother tongue teaching and learning; and the teaching of English to international students. In this review, representative work under each research area will be discussed, and this will be done within the broad historical and sociopolitical context of research in Singapore. The results of the review suggest that practical concerns assume priority over theoretical issues, which are relegated to secondary importance. This can be explained in terms of the role of the state in education reform and governance and its top–down decision-making processes, the impact of globalization on education, and the role of education in the management of race relations in the country.
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Lundberg, Osa. "Obstacles to bilingual education." Apples - Journal of Applied Language Studies 11, no. 3 (October 26, 2017): 29–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.17011/apples/urn.201712104583.
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The purpose of this paper is to present some of the main findings from my thesis (Lundberg, 2015) that concern the policy formulation and implementation of bilingual education in a multi-ethnic lower secondary school in an urban suburb in Gothenburg, Sweden. This school was strategically chosen for its pedagogical approach towards social and linguistic diversity1. This article examines the formulation and appropriation of a bilingual and bicultural education program and what obstacles exist with regards to implementation of bilingual education in the realization arena. The theoretical impetus comes from the sociology of knowledge which examines how social policy connects to social practice by applying the concepts of formulation, realization and transformation (Lindensjö & Lundgren, 2000). Data was derived from interviews and participant observations between 2006 and 2009 with three different ninth grade classes from same school. The results show that in the formulation arena the policy was in favor of active bilingualism (a holistic and comprehensive approach throughout the curriculum), strong support for mother tongue education, and creating in students a bicultural identity. However, in the realization arena, the bilingual education program was reduced to the employment of bilingual teachers who provided mother tongue tuition. Support for the bicultural and multilingual development of students’ language and culture was never fully incorporated into the ordinary teaching and instruction. This was due in part to obstacles in the formulation and realization arenas (Lindensjö & Lundgren, 2000). Five types of obstacles to the appropriation of bilingual education were observed. Two primary obstacles in the formulation arena were 1) a strong separation of languages, and 2) bilingual teachers as representatives of diversity. In the realization arena the following three obstacles were observed: 1) teacher resistance to polylingual education, 2) insufficient study support for mother tongue tuition, and 3) a monolingual norm. In sum, the overriding obstacle is an overall lack of consensus about the aim and purpose of bilingual education. The discussion develops issues concerning the gap between what should be versus what could be in both the formulation and realization arenas (Lundberg, 2015).
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Ho, Pham Vu Phi, Than Thanh Long, and Truong Minh Hoa. "Vietnamese High School Students’ Appraisal of Speaking Problems and Influential Factors." International Journal of English Language Studies 2, no. 3 (August 30, 2020): 33–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.32996/ijels.2020.2.3.4.
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This study was predominantly conducted to examine 280 eleventh-grade students’ appraisal of their speaking problems and potential influential factors at Tay Ninh high school, Vietnam. The data were garnered by 40-item questionnaire copies and analyzed by SPSS 22.0 for descriptive statistics (e.g. mean, standard deviation, and percentages) and inferential statistics (e.g. Beta and significance values). The findings of the study revealed that a greater part of the eleventh graders at this site frequently experienced linguistic problems of accuracy, fluency and appropriateness; alongside, many students also encountered with some non-linguistic problems such as inhibition, nothing to say, low participation, and mother tongue use. These speaking problems derived from two main influential factor domains, including internal (e.g. limited language input and topical knowledge, negative psychological states), and external factors (e.g. pressured performance conditions, rigid ELT curriculum, counter-productive ELT materials, inconvenient classroom environment, teachers’ inflexible roles, fixed teaching methods).
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Cueto, María del Carmen Hernández, María del Refugio Navarro Hernández, and Master Lía Márquez Pérez. "La Vinculacion De Los Conocimientos Academicos Y Los Saberes Ancestrales En La Educacion Básica Intercultural En Presidio De Los Reyes, Nayarit México." European Scientific Journal, ESJ 14, no. 28 (October 31, 2018): 136. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2018.v14n28p136.
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This paper focuses on analyzing the teaching-learning process that takes place in second level basic education in the community of Presidio de los Reyes in Nayarit, Mexico. The study aims at knowing if this links the ancestral knowledge of the Naayeri community (Cora) with the official academic curriculum of the Ministry of Public Education (MPE). The study sample were the teachers and the management staff of Pentecatl Elementary located in a community in Cora baja, in the municipality of Ruiz in Nayarit, Mexico. The methodology of this study was transversal for one year and then qualitative. The instruments used in this study was a semi-structured interview about the knowledge of the basic education profile, as well as the analysis of the teaching sequences of the teachers. The results of the research show how teachers promote traditional knowledge, culture, and the learning of the Cora language as a national language and not as a mother tongue. They design materials and perform activities that relates and links traditional knowledge with academics. They also establish approaches with the traditional authorities, and bridges are being constructed that intertwine the ancestral knowledge with the academic contents proposed by the MPE.
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Bogush, Alla. "Methodology- and speech-oriented training of the future Master students majoring in Preschool Education." Scientific bulletin of South Ukrainian National Pedagogical University named after K. D. Ushynsky, no. 3 (128) (October 31, 2019): 9–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.24195/2617-6688-2019-3-1.
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The article is focused on the problem dealing with the methodology- and speech-oriented training of the future Master students majoring in Pre-school Education. The essence of the notion “methodological work of the educator-methodologist at a preschool institution” has been revealed; it requires, on the one hand, an excellent command of the normative literary Ukrainian language, the knowledge of the speech etiquette formulas, the culture of professional speech communication; on the other hand, ‒ the ability to provide necessary methodological assistance to the educators in implementing the content line of the Basic Component of Preschool Education (the BCPE) “Child’s Speech”, in particular, in developing various types of children’s speech and communicative competencies. The methodology as an independent science is considered in the aggregate of interconnected means, forms, methods and techniques for achieving the set educational goal. At the same time, the notion “methodology” is ambiguous; in the pedagogical science, there is a variety of phenomena: “teaching techniques”, “education methods”, “teaching methods”. The study deals with the “Methodology aimed at developing children’s speech and teaching preschool children their mother tongue” as a discipline within the curriculum of the Bachelor courses. The course “Ukrainian Preschool Linguodidactics” is taught to the Master course students: the theory of the methodology aimed at speech development, the development of speech, artistic speech and communicative-speech activities. The phenomenon “methodology- and speech-oriented training of the future masters majoring in Preschool Education” is defined as a motivational positive predisposition to master the norms of the Ukrainian language in perfection demonstrated by the future masters; the acquisition of the content and teaching methods of the discipline “Methodology aimed at developing children’s speech and teaching preschool children their mother tongue at pre-school institutions” by the undergraduate students (Bachelor courses students); the positive emotional and value-centred attitude to the implementation of the evaluative controlling educational and speech activities of children and educators in the process of methodological work at pre-school institutions, which allows providing educators with, on the one hand, methodological assistance and support, on the other hand, ‒ guarantees the efficiency of children’s speech development. The motivational orientation-targeted, cognitive-innovative, methodologically accompanying, reflexive and appraisal components comprise this training. The methodology- and speech-oriented training of the future masters majoring in Pre-school Education performs these functions: prognostic, stimulating, correctional, value-oriented, emotional. Keywords: masters, pre-school education, methods, orientation, educator-methodologist, Ukrainian Preschool Linguodidactics, speech development, education.
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Kovacs Rac, Eleonora, and Sabina Halupka-Rešetar. "Sense of local identity, attitudes toward dialects and language teaching: The Hungarian minority in Serbia." Poznan Studies in Contemporary Linguistics 54, no. 1 (March 26, 2018): 115–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/psicl-2018-0004.
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Abstract A large body of academic literature (e.g. Fishman 1977, 1999; Giles and Johnson 1981; Romaine 2000, among others) claims that language is one of the most significant markers of ethnic identification and that it plays a crucial role not only in the external perception of an ethnic group by outsiders but also in the selfidentification of an ethnic group. In a minority environment, sense of ethnic identity and language retention are connected very tightly, which is why it is of extreme importance to study attitudes towards the dialects of a language and value judgments about them. The paper presents the results of a research into attitudes toward dialects, conducted with approximately three hundred 5th and 8th grade pupils (age 12 and 15, respectively) attending school in Hungarian in two regions of Vojvodina, Serbia. It explores the subjects’ local features of identity, given that the research was conducted in eight different localities. The results of the research serve as a sound basis for developing use-centered, functional-situational mother tongue education of Hungarian minority pupils living in Serbia, since the current curriculum completely disregards the language varieties of many Hungarian minority pupils brought up and living in rural areas, who acquire and use the dialect spoken in the family.
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Kruger, E. "Die insluiting van ’n (multi-)kulturele komponent in die kurrikulum vir Afrikaans as addisionele taal." Literator 22, no. 3 (June 13, 2001): 75–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/lit.v22i3.370.
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The inclusion of a (multi-)cultural component in the curriculum for Afrikaans as additional language In this article the author pleads for a democratisation of Afrikaans as an additional language curriculum so that the teaching and learning of Afrikaans could contribute towards cross-cultural consciousness. Relevant definitions of the concept culture are discussed, as well as intercultural understanding, stereotyping and communication. The relationship between literature, culture and cognitive development as well as culture and nonverbal communication is perused. Several ways are indicated by which culture could be integrated into a communicative Afrikaans language programme, such as giving attention to different sociolinguistic speech routines, including authentic media texts, as well as the study of folklore and stereotypes in literary texts (with examples of each of these cultural components). Broadening the learning content in this way could assist in neutralising the negative effects of the political-historical past of the Afrikaans language. This aim can be reached if the non-mother tongue learner’s interests are stimulated and his/her needs are addressed. Being involved in and exposed to these kinds of cultural components in Afrikaans, the learners would feel at home in the additional language classroom. Consequently they would feel free to participate actively – both emotionally and cognitively – and would ultimately accept responsibility for their own learning.
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Iwuchukwu, Matthew O. "LANGUAGE EDUCATION IN NIGERIA: CONTEMPORARY ISSUES AND WAY FORWARD." Cognizance Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies 1, no. 2 (February 28, 2021): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.47760/cognizance.2021.v01i02.001.
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Nigeria is a highly multiethnic and multilingual African country that speaks over 500 indigenous languages and two official languages, English and French, some of which are taught and learned at the primary, secondary and tertiary levels of education. This descriptive study has attempted to discuss the state of language education and related issues in the education sector, involving the mother tongue, English, French and Arabic languages. The paper elucidates a few omissions in the National Policy on Education (NPE) and other factors that militate against effective implementation of the language curriculum such as negative perception, inadequate teaching staff and instructional resources, falling students' enrolment and performance, year abroad challenges, lack of funds and controversies generated by debates on a good lingua franca, etc. Based on the findings and their implications for achieving the objectives of the NPE, some recommendations have also been made for a way forward, for example, the need to review the existing NPE and language curriculum, implement trilingual education, compulsory and free basic education, provide sufficient funds, constitute internal quality assurance committees, carry out research and publish standard textbooks for pupils and students, and create umbrella associations of language teachers at the primary, secondary and tertiary levels of education.
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Moret, Márcia Cristina Florêncio Fernandes, and João Guilherme Rodrigues Mendonça. "Proposta bilíngue na educação de surdos: práticas pedagógicas no processo de alfabetização." Revista Produção e Desenvolvimento 2, no. 3 (December 31, 2016): 14–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.32358/rpd.2016.v2.197.
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The teaching and use of the LIBRAS, in the deaf people education are indispensable for their development, building of their identity, autonomy, beside the communication with the world. The acquisition of the Portuguese Language is part of the regular school curriculum, and its command provides a relationship between language and society, which is mostly formed by hearing and users of this language. There is a concern related to the deaf people education, especially in literacy phase, which consequently extends through all the regular schooling, where the most part of the deaf students are finishing the high school without knowing how to read and/or produce in Portuguese Language. This problem affects the social development of these subjects, since the Portuguese Language is still required as if it were the deaf mother tongue, not respecting his/her culture, that has LIBRAS as their first language. The object of this research it to verify the methods and techniques in the deaf people literacy process and seek for other models, based on bilingual theory, ensuring the acquisition of LIBRAS, as a natural language and the teaching of Portuguese Language in a second language methodology, so that, in fact, the acquisition of reading and writing skills to materialize.
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Makgabo, Connie, and Penelope M. Modise. "Linguistic challenges faced by Grade 7 Setswana learners when writing Science examinations in English." Journal for Language Teaching 54, no. 2 (March 29, 2021): 35–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/jlt.v54i2.2.
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The paper investigates the linguistic challenges faced by Setswana-speaking Grade 7 learners when writing Science examinations in English. In South African schools, non-mother tongue speakers of English learners are only introduced to English as a language of learning and teaching in Grade 4, which creates problems for these learners because English is foreign to them. The purpose of conducting this research was to help policymakers meet the linguistic needs of non-native English speakers, make curriculum development specialists aware of the linguistic challenges faced by non-native speakers of English and help readers gain a better understanding of why some teachers prefer to use indigenous languages when they teach in English. The participants comprised four purposively selected Grade 7 Natural Science teachers, two school governing bodies (SGBs) and Grade 7 learners from two primary schools in Hammanskraal, Gauteng. Data gathered indicated that Setswana-speaking learners made basic errors related to spelling, sentence construction, grammar, incomplete sentences, mixed languages, using words that do not exist, tenses and understanding instructions. As a result, SGBs should consider these linguistic challenges when they draft language policies for rural and township schools.
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Dobroń, Agnieszka. "The comparison of the method of harpsichord teaching included in the textbook by Jean Nandi entitled "Starting on the Harpsichord" with the principles of the present core curriculum for primary music schools." Notes Muzyczny 2, no. 12 (December 13, 2019): 99–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0013.7169.
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The article touches on the comparison of the method of teaching included in the book entitled Starting on the Harpsichord by Jean Nandi with the principles of the present core curriculum for primary music schools in harpsichord classes. The book is one of not many available teaching materials related to harpsichord playing. The publication is aimed at comparing the topics presented in the textbook with the guidelines set out by the Minister of Culture and National Heritage. The article also includes a short description written by the author and a presentation of the content of the textbook plus selected teaching methods. The textbook as such, apart from the topics connected with harpsichord playing, also covers basic topics in the theory of music. It is written using a very simple and understandable language accessible to young students and persons who would translate it into their mother tongues. The article has a chart which clearly shows that the elements determined by the core curriculum are present in the book Starting on the Harpsichord. The content of the article and its illustration and music examples will help readers to familiarise themselves with the content of the textbook and with the learning aims related to harpsichord playing set out in the Ordinance of the Minister of Culture and National Heritage of 6 September 2017 on the core curricula for education in artistic professions at public artistic schools (Journal of laws of 2017 item 1793). The text is addressed to people interested in harpsichord playing methodology, especially to students and young teachers searching for interesting and simple practice materials and music examples which can be used for working with beginners learning the harpsichord.
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KRULATZ, ANNA, GEORGIOS NEOKLEOUS, and FRØYDIS VIK HENNINGSEN. "TOWARDS AN UNDERSTANDING OF TARGET LANGUAGE USE IN THE EFL CLASSROOM: A REPORT FROM NORWAY." International Journal for 21st Century Education 3, Special (June 30, 2016): 137. http://dx.doi.org/10.21071/ij21ce.v3ispecial.5713.
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For a considerable number of years, mother tongue (MT) use has been ostracized in English as a foreign language (EFL) classrooms as a form of poor teaching that negatively affects target language (TL) acquisition (McMillan and Rivers, 2011). However, research on the potential disadvantages of teaching approaches that integrate MT use is inconclusive, as is research on the positive effects of an all-TL learning environment (Hall and Cook, 2012). Thus, EFL teachers who share the same language with their students are often left wondering to what extent and in what contexts they should employ TL and MT. Unlike the curricula of other countries, where policy makers often suggest the maximal use of TL, the Norwegian curriculum for the subject of English does not contain any direct statements prescribing English as the sole language of instruction. The present study investigated the perceptions of Norwegian primary school teachers in different grades regarding their TL use when teaching EFL using an online survey. Specifically, the project addressed the following research questions: (1) How often do teachers use English in the EFL classroom? (2) In what situations and for what purposes do teachers use the TL? (3) Is there a correlation between years of teaching experience and the amount of TL use in the classroom? (4) Do teachers who have college credits in English employ the TL to a larger extent than the teachers who do not? The participants’ self-reports suggest that while the TL is used up to 50% of the time, its use varied from giving instructions and stating objectives to giving praise and criticism. This implies that Norwegian teachers may employ the TL to a lesser extent than the existing literature suggests (Macaro, 2005). However, no correlation was found between the amount of TL used and teachers’ expertise in and experience teaching the TL. To caution against an overdependence on MT, the article concludes by reiterating the need to develop and define systematic practices of MT use that facilitate foreign language acquisition and by calling for future research to shed light on bilingual or multilingual approaches in foreign language teaching.
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Christensen, Vibeke. "Elevers produktion af multimodale tekster. Hvad ved vi og hvad mangler vi?" Acta Didactica Norge 10, no. 3 (September 27, 2016): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.5617/adno.2841.
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I Danmark er der med de nye Fælles Mål fra 2014 indført et krav om, at eleverne skal kunne lave større multimodale produktioner. Også i de øvrige skandinaviske lande indgår arbejde med multimodale tekster med forskellig betegnelse i læreplanen for modersmålsfaget. Det er således relevant at undersøge, hvad man ved om elevers produktion af multimodale tekster. Denne artikel bidrager med en gennemgang af nordisk forskning inden for området og med udblik til den øvrige vestlige verden. Teoretisk beskrives multimodalitet med udgangspunkt i New London Groups programartikel fra 1996 og den udvikling af multimodalitet, som gruppen omkring Kress og van Leeuwen har bidraget med. Resultaterne af forskningsgennemgangen præsenteres i fem temaer: terminologi, didaktik, undervisning, elevudbytte og vurdering. Diskussion pågår løbende inden for hvert tema, og der peges på didaktiske perspektiver.Nøgleord: multimodale tekster, tekstkompetence, elevpræstation, skrive-pædagogik, produktion, vurderingAbstractIn the new curriculum for the subject Danish from 2014, it is a requirement that students should be able to create major multimodal productions. Working with multimodal texts in the mother tongue subject is included in the curricula for all three Scandinavian countries. Therefore, it is relevant to consider what is already recognized as students’ production of multi-modal texts. This article offers a brief review based on the Nordic research together with a brief look towards the rest of the Western world’s research on multimodality. This paper’s theoretical foundation is based on the New London Group’s article from 1996, “Pedagogy of Multiliteracies: Designing Social Futures”, and the development of multimodality that re-searchers and scholars surrounding Kress and van Leeuwen have contributed with. The results of the research will be presented in the following five themes: terminology, education, teaching, pupil performance, and assessment. Furthermore, the results are discussed within each theme and the didactic perspectives are identified.Key words: multimodal texts, text competence, student achievement, teaching of writing, text production, assessment
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Pinto, Violet N., Sumit Wasnik, Sumedha M. Joshi, and Deepa H. Velankar. "Medical students’ perceptions of stress factors affecting their academic performance, perceived stress and stress management techniques." International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 5, no. 5 (April 24, 2018): 1791. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20181411.
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Background: Medical students during their training period to become competent physicians are themselves vulnerable to various stresses which can affect their health and academic performance. The objectives of the study were to study MBBS students perceptions of stress factors affecting their academic performance; to assess the perceived stress in the students; to identify the stress management techniques used by the students.Methods: A cross-sectional was conducted on 169 MBBS students in a private medical college in Navi Mumbai after taking their consent. Data collection was by pretested, pre-coded, semi-structured self-administered questionnaire. Statistical analysis was done by SPSS Version 20.0 and relevant tests for data analysis.Results: The mean PSS score in the students was 26.96 (SD=6.332). Moderate stress and severe stress were present in 37.3% and 1.1% students respectively. Perceived stress was significantly associated with female sex, mother tongue; vastness of curriculum, dissatisfaction with clinical teaching, competition with peers and high parental expectations. More than 50% students felt that they were not able to adequately manage their stress. The most commonly used stress management techniques were social media usage and engaging in hobbies/sports.Conclusions: There is an urgent need for conducting screening programmes for stress in medical students and implementing measures which will equip them with skills to manage their stress.
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López Pérez, Sidoní, and Hanane Benali Taouis. "Analysis of noun (direct object) collocations with the high-frequency verb DO by Spanish students in an online learner corpus." Complutense Journal of English Studies 27 (October 4, 2019): 99–120. http://dx.doi.org/10.5209/cjes.63337.
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This paper analyzes noun (direct object) collocations with the high-frequency verb do by Spanish university students in a computerized learner corpus that includes 155 participants and a total of 246 writing samples. The corpus includes the students' spontaneous written contributions to a compulsory online forum from the nonlinguistic subject, ICT Tools Applied to the Learning of English, included in the curriculum of the Degree in Early Childhood Education at Universidad Internacional de La Rioja (UNIR), from 2014-2015 to 2015-2016. The analysis reveals that these learners produce collocation errors with the high-frequency verb do in two different cases: 1) when they use do instead of make; and, 2) when they make use of do as an alternative to other verbs. Results show different underlying factors which are clearly interrelated. First, the students have problems to differentiate between do and make. Second, they make use of do with delexical constructions that require make and with causative make structures. Third, they make use of patterns from their mother tongue which are not always accurate in English. Finally, the students show low collocational awareness and competence. All these aspects suggest pedagogical implications for the teaching and learning of collocations with do which are also included in the paper.
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Sari, Tita Tanjung, and Ratna Novita Punggeti. "INOVASI KURIKULUM BERBASIS BUDAYA LOKAL DI SDIT AL – WATHONIYAH PAJAGALAN SUMENEP." Autentik : Jurnal Pengembangan Pendidikan Dasar 3, no. 2 (June 29, 2020): 108–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.36379/autentik.v3i2.40.
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Abstract: Culture-based curriculum innovation in the Al-Wathoniyah Integrated Islamic Elementary School (SDITA) Sumenep includes several objectives, objectives, learning materials, media and infrastructure, learning strategies, learning processes, and evaluation or assessment. The goal of cultural-based curriculum innovation at SDITA is that religiosity, mutual respect, and positive competitive. Teaching materials are adapted to the 2013 revised 2018 curriculum with the development of teaching materials tailored to each grade level and student characteristics. Innovation in learning media is realized in the form of the SAC (Student Advisory Center) room. The learning methods applied at SDITA are three main methods. First, love by giving an example by instilling good values in children. Second, mother tongue, namely the language of affection for children, because SDITA is a parent partner in educating children. Third, joint learning is to utilize the local environment and culture as the widest and most comprehensive laboratory that is the main source of children's learning. And evaluation in every learning is monitored and communicated well with parents as a form of Parenting education. Which is that SDITA applies that the school is a partner of parents in educating and teaching students. Learning evaluation is not only measured through tests but also focuses more on student learning experiences.
Keywords: Curriculum Innovation, Local Culture.
Abstrak : Inovasi kurikulum berbasis budaya di Sekolah Dasar Islam Terpadu Al – Wathoniyah (SDITA) Sumenep mencakup beberapa yakni tujuan yang ingin dicapai, materi belajar, media dan sarana prasana, strategi pembelajaran, proses pembelajaran, serta evaluasi atau penilaian. Tujuan inovasi kurikulum berbasis budaya di SDITA agar religiusitas, saling menghormati, dan kompetitif positif. Materi ajar disesuaikan dengan kurikulum 2013 revisi 2018 dengan pengembangan materi ajar disesuaikan dengan setiap jenjang kelas dan karakteristik siswa. Inovasi dalam media pembalajaran diwujudkan berupa ruang SAC (Student Advisory Center). Metode pembelajaran yang diterapkan di SDITA adalah tiga metode utama. Pertama, cinta dengan memberikan keteladanan dengan menanamkan nilai-nilai kebaikan pada anak. Kedua, bahasa ibu yakni dengan bahasa kasih saying pada anak, sebab SDITA adalah mitra orang tua dalam mendidik anak. Ketiga, belajar bersama yaitu memanfaatkan lingkungan dan budaya setempat seabagai laboratorium terluas dan terlengkap yang menjadi sumber utama belajar anak. Dan Evaluasi dalam setiap pembelajaran dipantau dan dikomunikasikan dengan baik dengan orang tua siswa sebagai salah satu bentuk Parenting education. Yang bahwasanya SDITA menerapkan bahwa sekolah adalah partner orang tua dalam mendidik dan mengajar siswa. Evaluasi pembelajaran tidak hanya di ukur lewat tes namum juga lebih menitikberatkan pada pengalaman belajar siswa.
Kata Kunci: Inovasi Kurikulum, Budaya Lokal.
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Hasirci Aksoy, Sevil. "A critical perspective in terms of SOLO taxonomy for reading outcomes in mother-tongue teaching curriculums (1981, 2006 and 2019) in Turkey." Journal of Language and Linguistic Studies 17, no. 1 (March 30, 2021): 327–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.52462/jlls.20.
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Wewer, Taina M. "Good Practices for Primary-Level Content-based Foreign Language Instruction Identified in Finland." Colombian Applied Linguistics Journal 19, no. 2 (August 4, 2017): 277. http://dx.doi.org/10.14483/22487085.11576.
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This practice-oriented article, also applicable for general foreign and second language instruction, outlines experiences and classroom practices recognized as functional and effective in CLIL (content and language integrated learning) contexts. CLIL can be defined as a comprehensive approach to foreign language teaching because it aims at learning language through various content across the curriculum. Since one of the guidelines in the Finnish basic education is teacher autonomy, the fluctuation in materials, practices and methods is notable. Therefore, there is no sole authenticated model of CLIL implementation, but the practices rather vary significantly from one classroom to another. Furthermore, the extent of the target language (TL) exposure has an impact on the instructional choices as well as the pre-negotiated and defined learning objectives. In most cases, the primary aim is that the child learns to read and write in the mother tongue or the main language of instruction (most often Finnish in Finland), and the target language (in this case English) is gradually and increasingly incorporated into the everyday classroom practice. Hence, instruction is bilingual. Research on foreign language teaching and learning helps to formulate some of the recurring linguistic practices in CLIL classrooms which is important in shaping the language used for social purposes. The integration of language and content and academic language need special attention in CLIL. In a similar manner, assessment of the target language, has to be specifically addressed. I will touch upon all these issues in the three main sections drawing on CLIL instruction with approximately 25% English exposure of total instruction.
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Mostafa, Massrura, and Marium Jamila. "From English to Banglish: Loanwords as opportunities and barriers?" English Today 28, no. 2 (May 17, 2012): 26–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266078412000120.
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As a mother tongue English is the second most spoken language in the world. Chinese is the first, but English is far more widely spoken around the world. ‘Today English is spoken or written, with varying levels of fluency, by a third of the world's population’ (Crystal, 2010: 8). It has been accepted as the most common means for international communication worldwide. Hence, it occupies a special position as the international language of communication in almost all the countries of the world. Before 1971 in Bangladesh, English was used as a second language. It was first introduced when the country was a part of India when British imperialists mandated the teaching of English in 1835 throughout India. After its introduction in the curriculum, English consolidated its position as the language of the ruling class. It became the most important subject of study in the curriculum. Its dominance increased when it replaced Persian as the official and court language in 1837 and even further in 1844 when Lord Harding announced that Indians who had received an education in English would receive preference in all government appointments. However, towards the end of the British rule, a reaction arose against English education and the use of English generally. With the departure of the British rulers in 1947, English lost its earlier prominence and prestige. During the Pakistan period, when Bangladesh became a part of Pakistan (1947–1971), English retained its position as an essential subject of study. Learning English was still considered indispensable for social, intercultural and international communication, educational advancement, professional success and progress in life. In independent Bangladesh, English occupies the place of being the most important foreign language. It is taught and learned as a compulsory subject alongside Bangla, the first language, from the primary level up to the highest level of study.
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Zainuddin, Muhammad, and Silvana Kardinar Wijayanti. "PENGEMBANGAN BUKU AJAR DAN KURIKULUM MUATAN LOKAL BAHASA KUTAI BAGI SISWA SEKOLAH DASAR DI KEC. TENGGARONG." VOX EDUKASI: Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Pendidikan 12, no. 1 (April 29, 2021): 94–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.31932/ve.v12i1.1013.
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ABSTRAKBanyak bahasa di Dunia sudah mengalami kepunahan, kepunahan dalam bahasa khususnya bahasa ibu menjadi aspek fokus dalam pengajaran bahasa sebagai muatan lokal di sekolah. Upaya pemertahanan ini diwujudkan dalam pengembangan kurikulum dan buku ajar. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan kurikulum dan buku ajar muatan lokal Bahasa Kutai di Sekolah dasar di Kec. Tenggarong Penelitian ini termasuk dalam jenis penelitian, penelitian dan pengembangan (research and development). Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode angket, observasi, interview.adapun langkah penelitian sebagai berikut penelitian dan pengumpulan data kuisioner pada sekolah dasar di Kecamatan Tenggarong, perencanaan pembuatan buku, pengembangan draf produk buku ajar, uji coba lapangan awal pada sekolah dasar, revisi hasil, uji coba lapangan, penyempurnaan produk hasil, uji pelaksanaan lapangan, penyempurnaan produk akhir, diseminasi dan impelementasi, hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Buku ajar sudah layak digunakan dengan prosentasi validasi 80% dan 79%, tampilan fisik buku 78%( baik), Materi 79% (baik) dan Penggunaan Bahasa 79% (baik), secara keseluruhan rata-rata keterbacaan peserta didik adalah 78.67% (baik).Kata Kunci: Pengembangan kurikulum, buku ajar, Bahasa Kutai ABSTRACTThere are many languages in the world have experienced extinction, extinction in languages, especially mother tongue, has become a focus aspect in language teaching as a local content in schools. This defense effort is manifested in the development of curricula and textbooks. Therefore, this study aims to develop curricula and textbooks for local content in the Kutai language in elementary schools in the district. Tenggarong This research is included in the type of research, research and development (research and development). Data collection was carried out using the questionnaire method, observation, interview. The research steps were as follows: research and data collection of questionnaires in elementary schools in Tenggarong District, planning for making books, developing draft textbook products, initial field trials in elementary schools, revising results, field trials, product improvement results, field implementation tests, final product improvement, dissemination and implementation, research results show that textbooks are suitable for use with validation percentages of 80% and 79%, physical appearance of books is 78% (good), material 79% (good) and Language Usage 79% (good), the overall average readability of students was 78.67% (good).Keywords : Curriculum development, teaching textbook, Kutai language
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Naidoo, U., and K. Reddy . "Perceptions of Educators of Reading Literacy; A Case Study of the Intermediate Phase in South African Primary Schools." Journal of Economics and Behavioral Studies 4, no. 10 (October 15, 2012): 555–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.22610/jebs.v4i10.357.
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The achievement of worldwide participation in education is essentially determined by the quality of education available. How well learners are instructed and how much they learn determines how regularly learners attend schools. Sound education is further affected by the following factors: time spent learning by learners, assessment methods for monitoring learner progress, styles of teaching, education spending, the language of instruction, and classroom organisation strategies (EFA Global Monitoring Report, 2005). However, the development of learners’ literacy in South Africa as a developing country is accentuated by several challenges. Many learners in South Africa have difficulty understanding the language in which they are taught which is English, as they are not taught in their mother tongue. However, the language of instruction is not solely responsible for the poor performance in international reading tests and schooling in general. Learners are also faced with socio-economic issues, very little or hardly any parental supervision and educators are faced with the challenge of finding reading methods and strategies suitable to improving reading. Learners in the foundation phase are explicitly taught reading skills. In the intermediate phase, learners are expected to apply the skills acquired in the foundation phase to access the curriculum. In reality, this is difficult to achieve. The purpose of this article is to determine educator perceptions of reading literacy in the intermediate phase with the aim of enhancing reading literacy in the intermediate phase.
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Stošić, Aleksandra, and Nataša Janković. "Integrating music and language contents and skills in the academic course English language for children through songs and movement." Inovacije u nastavi 33, no. 4 (2020): 61–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/inovacije2004061s.
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A song is a musical content in which melody and poetic text are unified, which makes it an ideal tool in all music activities with children of preschool and early primary school age. It also represents the core of integration of different school subjects, with a huge educational potential in language teaching (both mother tongue and foreign languages). In this paper we elaborate on the advantages of integrating English Language and Music Education academic courses in working with pre-service primary and preschool teachers who are trained to teach English to preschool and early primary school children. We examine students' music experience and their preferences, as well as their familiarity with the phonological elements of the language with the aim of improving the quality of teaching. The paper also presents the key results of the research conducted in 2018 and 2019 with the first and the second generations of students attending the course English Language for Children through Songs and Movement at the first year of their studies at the Teacher Education Faculty in Belgrade. Apart from providing useful insights for further teaching, the results of the research conducted on a convenience sample of 58 students (N = 58) confirmed the importance of integrating the two academic courses by reinforcing students' vocal development in English through songs and action songs as a fundamental tool in the cross-curricular integration. The results also offer new guidelines for the future exploratory research of teaching in university education. These guidelines have a broader pedagogical significance and methodological implications for the work of the future preschool and primary school teachers.
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Iordăchescu, Grigore-Dan. "Ambigapathy Pandian, Thomas Chow Voon Foo, and Shaik Abdul Malik Mohamed Ismail, (Eds.) Curriculum Development, Materials Design and Methodologies: Trends and issues. Pulau Pinang: Penerbit Universiti Sains Malaysia, 2011. Pp. 1-342. ISBN 978-983-861-493-1 (Print). e-ISBN 978-967-461-089-0." JOURNAL OF LINGUISTIC AND INTERCULTURAL EDUCATION 12, no. 1 (April 30, 2019): 169–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.29302/jolie.2019.12.1.13.
Full textAbstract:
The book titled Curriculum Development, Materials Design and Methodologies: Trends and Issues, brings together contributions that offer an insight into innovative strategies, noteworthy ideas and stimulating methods of teaching English used by teachers in their ESL Classrooms. The main objective of this book is to provoke the reader to bring in his or her own expertise and expand the learning possibilities in language teaching methods. It invites to self-reflection, and ultimately to self-improvement and development in order to achieve successful teaching and learning. It is structured into six major sections, dealing with various topics, as follows: I. Innovative teaching strategies (Chapters 1-5), II. Teaching strategies and language learning issues (Chapters 6-9), III. A review of past language teaching methodology – principles and practices (Chapters 10-15), IV. Using multimedia in English language teaching (Chapters 16-18), V. Curriculum design in the ELT/EFL context (Chapters 19-25) and VI. Teachers’ involvement in the creation, adaptation and selection of teaching materials (Chapters 26-29). Sarjit Kaur and Malini Ganapathy’s contribution, Innovative Ideas to Promote Creative Literacy Practices, tackles the concept of multiliteracy and its association with ICT’s and multimedia that underpin culturally-specific forms of literacy in pluralistic societies. Shobha Shinde, in Innovative Strategies in English Teaching – Learning in the Rural Context deals with strategies that teachers can adopt in a rural learning environment, where students are little exposed to authentic English language. The Use of Adapted Movies from Novels (The Kite Runner and The Namesake) as a Way to Stimulate Reading for Malaysian Students by Saabdev Kumar Sabapathy and Swagata Sinha Roy investigates the benefits of classroom reading practice, through watching a movie. Siti Rafizah Fatimah Osman and Mohamad Jafre Zainol Abidin’s contribution, Role-Play: Taking the Line of Least Resistance presents the way in which experiential learning, through role-play, contributes to the development of learner autonomy. The fifth chapter, A New Horizon in Writing Classes: Increasing Learners’ Autonomy, by Leily Ziglary and Rouzbeh Khalili explores the importance of collocations in language teaching. Language Learning Strategies: Current Issues, by Nafiseh Salehi and Rahim Kaviani examines learning strategies that are conducive to learner autonomy and empowerment. Mariah Ibrahim and Mohamad Jafre Zainol Abidin discuss in their chapter, Pedagogy of the Heart: Understanding Resistance in the English Language Classroom, the way in which students’ skills, behaviours, attitudes and interests are affected by what students actually bring from outside the classroom. The eighth chapter, Students’ and Teachers’ Preferences of ESL Classroom Activities, by Punitha Vayaravasamy and Anna Christina Abdullah brings forth the results of research into how teachers’ teaching is being received by Malaysian rural secondary school students. Innovative Ways of Teaching English and Foreign Languages by Peggy Tan Pek Tao looks into how drama and games improve students’ confidence and communicative skills. Collin Jerome’s contribution, titled What Do They Really Need? Developing Reading Activities to Explore the Elements in Literary Texts investigates the attitudes and opinions of undergraduate TESL and ESL students currently taking a specialised literature course. Chapter 11, The Teaching of Writing: Looking at the Real Classroom Scenes, by Mohd. Saat Abbas, Suzihana Shaharan and Yahya Che Lah discusses the efficiency of teaching methods for the development of writing skills in the case of rural secondary school students. Feedback in Process Genre-Based Approach to Teaching Technical Writing, by Shahrina Md Nordin, Norhisham Mohammad and Ena Bhattacharyya examines the role feedback plays in boosting students’ motivation for further study. Sohel Ahmed Chowdhury’s chapter, Lesson Plan and Its Importance in English Language Classroom, analyses the importance of planning, especially in schools with limited resources and teaching aids. Chapter 14, Unteaching Strategies: An Approach Based on Error Analysis, Learners’ Learning Strategies and Task-Based Instruction, by Ma’ssoumeh Bemani Naeini and Ambigapathy Pandian Su-Hie Ting and Mahanita Mahadhir’s contribution, Letting Communicative Purpose Direct Teaching of Grammar: Using the Text-Based Approach, introduces the idea of using the mother tongue in order to achieve the success of their tasks. Annotations in Multimedia On-Screen Text in Comparison to the Printed Text in Enhancing Learners’ of Process-Based Expository Text in Malaysia, by Saraswathy Thurairaj assesses whether the annotations identified in a multimedia on-screen text enable and enhance learners’ comprehension ability. Chapter 17, by Sarjit Kaur and Wong Chiew Lee, titled Transforming ESL Teaching by Embedding Information and Web Literacies into the Classroom, aims at identifying a what a computer-literate student’s skills are and how computer literacy should be integrated within the ESL classroom. Inranee R. Liew’s text, Scary Spiders and Beautiful Butterflies: A Creative Multimedia Approach to Develop Information Literacy Skills in the Integrated Science and English Classroom reinforces the importance of developing and using information literacy skills for lifelong learning. Chapter 19, The ESL Curriculum as an Additional Resource for Making Meaning, by Amy B.M. Tsui provides methodological guidelines as to teaching through story-writing. Mohamed Abu Bakar discusses the importance of teaching presentation skills in his chapter titled Speaking in the Language Curriculum: The Challenges of Presenting. In Chapter 21, GOLDEN RICE: Using Simulations in EAP Classes, Shashi Naidu tackles the issue of adapting simulations for Malaysian EAP classrooms at tertiary level. Are the Teaching Practices of Preschool Teachers in Accordance with the Principles and Learning Components of the National Preschool Curriculum? by Lily Law presents the result of a study aiming at assessing activities meant to meet the requirements of the National Preschool Curriculum. Mohammad Alshehab discusses in his chapter, The Contribution of Language Planning on Military Terminology provides practical suggestions as to the development of military students’ specialised lexicon. Chapter 24, The EFL Constructivist Classroom, by Hosna Hosseini, provides useful information for syllabus designers in organizing the curriculum based on “constructivist epistemology”. Zhang Xiaohong’s contribution, The Role of EFL Teachers’ Knowledge in Current EFL Curriculum Reform: An Understanding from a Reconstructionist Perspective tackles the importance of reconstructionist philosophy for teacher continuous education. Chapter 26, Using Materials Development to Bridge the Gap Between Theory and Practice, by Brian Tomlinson advocates the process of materials development in boosting teacher’s confidence and students’ involvement. Ting Su Hie and Diana Carol discuss in Teething Problems in Materials Development for Teaching Social Interaction Skills in English an experience of adopting a genre-based approach to creating a set of materials aimed at both students and teachers for the teaching of social interaction skills in English. In the chapter Principles to Follow When Adopting and Adapting Textbooks and Materials Earl D. Wyman brings forth a matrix for selecting, adopting or adapting teaching materials. Norhisham Mohamed and Alauyah Johari investigate in Politeness Strategies as an Incorporated Component in Material Development politeness strategies considered as such in a Malay academic setting. All in all, the book is an interesting source of information about the Malaysian educational settings.
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Wijaya, Mualim. "Error Analysis for Students of the Department of Arabic Language Teaching/تحليل الأخطاء لطلبة قسم تعليم اللغة العربية." IJ-ATL (International Journal of Arabic Teaching and Learning) 1, no. 1 (August 19, 2018): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.33650/ijatl.v1i1.271.
Full textAbstract:
The aim of this research is to find out the mistakes of the students of the Department of Arabic Language Teaching at the New Islamic University of Paiton and to find out the reasons for their mistakes in verbal errors and then provide the corresponding solutions. The methodology of the research is the quantitative approach to the analytical description using the non-random input (Random Non Sample). Research tools are documents and observation. The research community is the students of the Department of Language Education at Nurul Jadid University for the academic year 2017-2018, and the number of students is 102 students. The results of the research showed that the mistakes of the words of the students of the Department of Arabic Language mistakes verbal mistakes are synthetic as you?, and semantic as I first, and the basic as I want to go. The causes of verbal errors are the impact on the mother tongue, the narrow curriculum, the quality of teaching, the lack of Arabic language and the negation of the Arabic language environment. The appropriate solutions for verbal errors are that the teacher should be a good linguistic character at every occasion, expand the educational quota and provide the means specified and the Arab environment.يهدف هذا البحث إلى معرفة الأخطاء الكلامية لطلبة قسم تعليم اللغة العربية بجامعة النور الجديد الإسلامية بيطان ومعرفة أسباب وقوعهم في الأخطاء الكلامية ثم تقديم الحلول المطابق لها. ومنهجية البحث هو المدخل الكيفي الوصف التحليلي باستخدام المدخل غير العشوائي (Random Non Sampel). وأما أدوات البحث فهي الوثائق والملاحظة فالمقابلة. ومجتمع البحث هو طلبة قسم تعليم اللغة بجامعة النور الجديد الإسلامية للعام الدراسي 2017-2018 مـ، وعدد الطلبة فيها 102 طالبة وطالبة. وقد دلت نتائج البحث على أن الأخطاء الكلامية لطلبة قسم تعليم اللغة العربية الاخطاء الكلامية هي الأخطاء التركيبية كأنت من؟، والدلالية كأرجع أولا، والقواعدية كأريد أن أذهبُ. وأسباب الأخطاء الكلامية هي التأثر باللغة الأم والمنهج الدراسي الضيق ونوعية التدريس وعدم الأسوة اللغوية العربية ونفي البيئة اللغوية العربية. والحلول المناسبة للأخطاء الكلامية هي ينبغي أن يكون المعلم أسوة لغوية حسنة في كل مناسبة ويوسع الحصة التعليمية ويوفر الوسائل المعينة ويكوّن البيئة العربية.
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Vyushkina, Elena. "Mediation: Framing a Clil Course." Studies in Logic, Grammar and Rhetoric 53, no. 1 (March 1, 2018): 213–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/slgr-2018-0012.
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Abstract Mediation in a legal sense is a means of alternative dispute resolution (ADR). Having evolved in the USA in the last half of 20th century the procedure is growing in popularity and proliferation all over the world. Many countries enacted particular legislation, and others included relevant articles into Civil and/or Criminal Procedure Codes. Howbeit, lawyers are to be aware of mediation and roles they may play within the process. Law school curriculum drafters face the challenge of including a new up-to-date course in mediation into busy and very full academic programmes. Analysis of existing instructing practice showed that in Anglo-American law schools mediation teaching is a part of clinical legal education. As for European countries, there is a broad range of scenarios and no established experience. Recognition of communicative skills as key skills for mediators prompts the use of a CLIL approach in structuring such a course. Listening, reframing, summarising, questioning are skills to be mastered by law-students both in a foreign language and their mother tongue. Language teachers are in charge of this part of the course while law teachers can work out text contents built on the branches of law mediators deal with more often (family law, employment law, contracts, etc.). Moreover, some texts may cover mediation law in a home country and abroad. Another important factor to take into account is a career path chosen by a law-student – if s/he is going to become a mediator or a lawyer securing clients in mediation. Role plays and scenarios are an integral part of the course. Moreover, the course developed can serve as an introduction to internship in a law clinic.
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Metslang, Helena, Mare Kitsnik, and Ingrid Krall. "Lõimitud aine- ja keeleõppe metoodikast vene õppekeelega koolis." Eesti ja soome-ugri keeleteaduse ajakiri. Journal of Estonian and Finno-Ugric Linguistics 5, no. 3 (December 31, 2014): 71–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.12697/jeful.2014.5.3.04.
Full textAbstract:
Aastatel 2007–2012 toimus vene õppekeelega gümnaasiumide üleminek eestikeelsele aineõppele. Tallinna Ülikooli 2012. aasta sügisel koolides korraldatud uuring „Kakskeelne õpe vene õppekeelega koolis” kinnitas, et eestikeelne aineõpe on tõepoolest käima läinud ja kiirelt arenemas. Artikkel käsitleb lähemalt mõningaid õppe tulemuslikkuse faktoreid, mida uuringu käigus eestikeelses aineõppes ja seda toetavate eesti keele kui teise keele tundide juures analüüsisime. Eri sihtrühmade anketeerimise, fookusgrupiintervjuude ning ligi 80 tunnivaatluse põhjal teeme järeldusi eestikeelse õppe olukorra ja arenguvõimaluste kohta, keskendudes metoodika aspektile. Uuringu teoreetilisteks lähtekohtadeks on LAK-õpe (lõimitud aine- ja keeleõpe) ning aktiivõppe ja kommunikatiivõppe metoodika. Enamik artiklis vaadeldud metoodilisi jooni on olulised ka läbivalt eestikeelse hariduse kontekstis – nii keeleõppes kui ka aineõppes. Hoolimata vene õppekeelega koolide õpilaste arvu vähenemisest on kasulik jätkuvalt toetada haridustöötajate pädevuste arengut nendes metoodikavaldkondades – eriti arvestades õpilaskonna kultuurilist mitmekesistumist eesti õppekeelega koolis.Abstract. Helena Metslang, Mare Kitsnik, and Ingrid Krall: Content and language integrated learning methodology at Russian-medium schools. Estonian secondary schools include both the majority of schools where the language of tuition is Estonian and a minority of schools where most pupils speak Russian as their mother tongue and the language of tuition is mainly Russian. In 2007–2012, upper secondary schools of Russian-medium education in Estonia shifted to teaching 60% of the curriculum in Estonian. This was aimed at supporting Russian-medium schools’ graduates’ better coping in society, education and labour market. The study ‘Bilingual Education in Russian-medium Schools’ that our research team at Tallinn University carried out in autumn 2012 confirmed that the schools have implemented this change – Estonian-medium teaching is indeed taking place (as legislated) and is swiftly developing. This article describes, with a focus on methodology, some questions of effectiveness that we studied in content and language integrated learning (CLIL) lessons and supporting Estonian lessons. We discuss the situation and development perspectives of Estonian-medium CLIL in Russian schools. Theoretically, the study relies on CLIL principles and the methodologies of active learning and communicative language learning. Most of the methodological features described in this article are also important for the majority (Estonian-medium) education system. Despite the decrease of the number of students in Russian-medium schools, it is still useful to support the development of education practitioners’ skills in these areas of methodology – especially considering the increasing cultural diversification of the student body at Estonian-medium schools.Keywords: Estonian, second language, national minorities’ education, language teaching methodology, content and language integrated learning
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Tran, Ly Thi. "Teaching and Engaging International Students." Journal of International Students 10, no. 3 (August 15, 2020): xii—xvii. http://dx.doi.org/10.32674/jis.v10i3.2005.
Full textAbstract:
International student mobility has been increasingly subject to turbulences in politics, culture, economics, natural disasters, and public health. The new decade has witnessed an unprecedented disruption to international student flows and welfare as a consequence of the COVID-19 outbreak. COVID-19 has laid bare how fragile the current transactional higher education model is, in Australia and in other major destination countries like the United States, United Kingdom, Canada and New Zealand. This health crisis hitting international education presents a range of challenges for host universities. In such a fallout, the connection between university communities and international students is more critical than ever. This connection is vital not only to university’s operations and recovery but more importantly, to international students’ learning and wellbeing. This in turn will have longer term impacts on host countries’ and universities’ sustainable international recruitment and reputation as a study destination. Therefore, it is timely to reflect on how we view and conceptualize the way we engage and work with international students. This article presents a new frame for conceptualizing the teaching, learning, and engagement for international students, which emphasizes people-to-people empathy and people-to-people connections.
Conceptualize Student Connection Through Formal and Informal Curriculum
Dis/connection has been argued to play “an important role in shaping international students’ wellbeing, performance and life trajectories” (Tran & Gomes, 2017, p. 1). Therefore, it is important to frame international student connectedness not only within the context of formal teaching and learning on campus, but also in a broader setting, taking into account the dynamic, diverse, and fluid features of transnational mobility.
Some of the primary dimensions of international student connection vital to their academic and social experience and wellbeing have been identified as:
• Connection with the content and process of teaching and learning• Bonding between host teachers and international students• Engagement with the university communities• Interaction between domestic and international students and among international peers• Integration into relevant social and professional networks, the host community, and the host society• Connection with family and home communities• Online and digital connection
Based on interviews with around 400 international students, teachers, and international student support staff across different research projects, I identified four main principles underpinning effective engagement and support for international students. Most participants stressed the importance of understanding international students’ study purposes, needs, expectations, and characteristics in the first place in order to meaningfully and productively engage with and cater for this cohort (Tran, 2013). Second, effective teaching of and engagement with international students is based on understanding not only their academic needs but also other aspects that are interlinked with their academic performance, including pastoral care needs, mental health, employment, accommodation, finance, life plans, and aspirations. Third, a sense of belonging to the content of teaching and learning and the pedagogy used by teachers is essential to international students’ engagement with the classroom community. In this regard, connection is intimately linked to international students being included and valued intellectually and culturally in teaching and learning, and in being treated as partners (Green, 2019; Tran, 2013) rather than ‘others’ in the curriculum. Fourth, to position international students as truly an integral component of campus communities, it is essential to develop explicit approaches to engage them not only academically and interculturally, but also mentally and emotionally, especially during hard-hitting crises in international education such as the 2019–2020 COVID-19 outbreak, the 2003 SARS epidemic, and the 2001 September 11 attacks.
Productive Connectedness
The lack of engagement between international and domestic students is often identified as a primary area for improvement for universities that host international students, especially in Anglophone countries (Leask, 2009). While international education is supposed to strengthen people-to-people connections and enrich human interactions, ironically it is this lack of connection with the local community, including local students, that international students feel most dissatisfied about in their international education experience. To support and optimize the learning and wellbeing of international students, productive connectedness is essential. Productive connectedness is not simply providing the mere conditions for interaction between domestic and international peers (Tran & Pham, 2016). These conditions alone cannot ensure meaningful and real connectedness but can just lead to artificial or surface engagement between international students and the host communities. Productive connectedness is centered around creating real opportunities for international and local students to not only increase their mutual understandings, but importantly also to reciprocally learn from the encounter of differences and share, negotiate, and contribute to building knowledge, cultural experiences, and skills on a more equal basis. In this regard, productive connectedness is integral to optimizing teaching and learning for international students.
Teaching and Learning for International Students
Over the past 15 years, I and my colleagues have undertaken various research on conceptualizing the teaching and learning process for international students, an evolving and dynamic field of scholarship (Tran, 2011; Tran, 2013a, 2013b; Tran & Nguyen, 2015; Tran & Gomes, 2017; Tran & Pham, 2016). Figure 1 summarizes the six interrelated dimensions of teaching and learning for international students emerging from our research: connecting, accommodating, reciprocating, integrating, “relationalizing,” and empathy.
Connecting
It is critical in effective teaching and learning for international students that conditions are provided to engage them intellectually, culturally, socially, and affectively. Curriculum, pedagogies, and assessment activities should aim at supporting international students to make transnational knowledge, skills, experience, and culture, as well as people-to-people connections (Tran, 2013).
Accommodating
Effective teaching and learning for international students cannot be achieved without an effort to understand their purposes to undertake international education, their cultural and educational backgrounds, their characteristics, their identities, and their aspirations. Good teaching and learning practices in international education are often built on educators’ capacities to tailor their curriculum and pedagogies to cater to international students based on an understanding of their study purposes, backgrounds, and identities.
Reciprocating
Reciprocal learning and teaching is integral to international education (Tran, 2011). It is centered around positioning international students as co-constructors of knowledge and educators as reciprocal co-learners (Tran, 2013b). It refers to extending beyond mutual understanding and respect for diversity, to validate and reciprocally learn from diverse resources, experiences, and encounters of differences that international classrooms can offer. This is vital to making international students feel included and valued as an integral part of the curriculum and the university community.
Integrating
Integrating refers to the purposeful incorporation of international examples, case studies, materials, and perspectives into the curriculum. Strategies to diversify the teaching and learning content and pedagogies are closely connected with de- Westernizing the curriculum and moving away from Euro-centric content (Tran, 2013a). Integrating contributes to enriching students’ global awareness, world mindfulness, and intercultural competence, which are central to internationalizing student experience and outcomes.
“Relationalizing”
“Relationalizing” is crucial in assisting domestic and international students to develop open-minded and ethno-relative perspectives. Engaging students in a comparing–contrasting and reflexive process about professional practices, prior experiences, and cultural norms in different countries represents a critical step in assisting them to develop multiple frames of reference and build capacities to relationally learn from richly varied perspectives and experiences that an international classroom can offer.
Empathy
International students’ sense of belonging to the classroom and university community significantly depends on the empathy local teachers and students display toward them. Teachers can develop activities that enable students to develop an understanding and empathy toward what it feels like to be an international student in an unfamiliar academic and social environment, studying in a language that is not their mother tongue. One of the teacher-participants in our research shared an activity she used to help all students develop empathy:I asked for volunteers, I’d speak to them in English and they had to answer in their language. The group had to try and figure out from their body language and tone of voice what they were actually saying to me...But what I try and make them understand that part of the reason we’re doing that, not in English, is because it’s like excluding the local students and it’s making them look like foreigners and to understand the challenge.
Conclusion
Effective practices in engaging, teaching, and learning for international students enrich the international classroom community and optimize learning for all, including international and domestic students and teachers themselves (Carroll & Ryan, 2007; Tran, 2013b; Tran & Le, 2018). Good pedagogical practices in teaching and learning for international students depend on teachers’ commitment to step outside of their comfort zone and take on a new learning curve (Tran, 2013). It is, however, vital that internationalizing teaching and learning and building intercultural interactions among students from diverse backgrounds and—in particular between international and domestic students—should be prioritized at both program and course development levels, making them explicit in course objectives and assessments (Tran & Pham, 2016). It is crucial to have a coherent whole-institution approach toward a purposeful, transformative, and empathetic internationalization of teaching and learning content, pedagogies, and assessment, one that is supported by the broader institution’s core goals about internationalizing the student experience and graduate outcomes. An internationalized program of learning for international and domestic students alike should prioritize enhancing their abilities to learn from global encounters, abilities to connect and empathize, skills to navigate intercultural relationships, and skills to capitalize on opportunities and also to deal with pressures and challenges. Importantly, the teaching and learning for international students needs to be built on an approach emphasizing people-to-people empathy and people-to-people connections.
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Segura, Marta, Helena Roquet, and Júlia Barón. "Receptive Vocabulary Acquisition in Pre-Primary Education through Soft-Content and Language Integrated Learning." English Language Teaching 14, no. 10 (September 2, 2021): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/elt.v14n10p1.
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Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL) has become the focus of Foreign Language (FL) research within the last decades. CLIL provides a more complete, naturalistic, and meaningful context to FL learning, which has proven to brings many benefits to learners, such as a higher motivation and promotion of creativity, and better results in receptive skills, vocabulary, morphology and fluency. Nevertheless, most CLIL research has focused on primary and secondary level students and, thus, more research is needed with younger learners, namely, pre-primary students. The present study examines the learning of FL vocabulary in pre-primary learners following a soft-CLIL program, as compared to their same age peers following Formal Instruction (FI) of English. Over the course of six months, pre-primary students of two grades, namely 4- and 5-year-old students (N=155), took part in such program, aiming at teaching two curricular preschool units, traditionally taught in the mother tongue (L1), in English in the FL sessions. A longitudinal study was conducted, and students were administered a general vocabulary level pre-test, as well as a target words receptive vocabulary post-test after the two units had been worked on. The focus of the research was on receptive vocabulary acquisition, but age and word frequency effects were also analyzed. Results showed positive tendencies in receptive vocabulary development through soft-CLIL, although not statistically significant. A significant frequency effect was found, indicating that high-frequency words are recalled more easily than lower-frequency ones, but no significant differences were found when comparing learners from the two grades.
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Mossman, Robert C. "Teaching Demetria Martinez' "Mother Tongue"." English Journal 86, no. 8 (December 1997): 38. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/821621.
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Al-Ta’ani, Mohammed Hamid. "The Use of Arabic (L1) in the EFL Classrooms: How Do Umm Al-Quwain Teachers and Students Perceive It?" International Journal of Contemporary Education 2, no. 2 (April 24, 2019): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.11114/ijce.v2i2.4229.
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The role of students’ native language (L1) in the second language (L2) classrooms has been a debatable issue for a long time in the field of English Language teaching as a foreign language (EFL). The present study which took place in the United Arab Emirate (UAE), more specifically, at Umm Al-Quwain Educational Zone,(UAQ) aimed at investigating both students’ and teachers’ perceptions and attitudes towards the use of (L1) in the EFL classrooms. To achieve this, the researcher used both qualitative and quantitative research methods. Thus, it surveyed one hundred fifty (150) secondary students and fifty (50) teachers of English and observed three (3) EFL classes. The data were collected through two questionnaires and classroom observations. The classroom observations were intended to reflect the quantity of (L1) use in the (L2) classrooms. The data collected through the questionnaires were analyzed with the aid of frequency and percentage, those collected through the open-ended question of the questionnaires and the classroom observations were sorted and summarized.The findings obtained from classroom observations indicated that the respondents support the well-planned use of Arabic (L1) in certain situations in the EFL classrooms. The questionnaire results revealed that (72%) of the students and (54%) of the teachers felt that Arabic (L1) should be used in their EFL classrooms. The findings also showed that (71% ) of the students and (56%) of the teachers thought that cultural, religious, traditional and political concepts and ideas should be taught by referring to the students’ native language (L1).What is more, almost all the respondents objected to using the (L1) excessively and untimely in (EFL ) classes. The quantitative data on the percentage of (L1) in EFL classes showed that most of the respondents preferred only 10 % use of mother tongue (L1) in a 50- minute class. No teachers and students answered higher than 20% and 40% respectively. In view of these findings, teachers as well as text writers and curricula planners and designers should take the learners’ native language (L1) as a teaching / learning tool.