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Journal articles on the topic 'Cursed objects'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 26 July 2024

Last updated: 27 July 2024

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1

Jilan, Muhammad Fa’iz, and Rahayu Puji Haryati. "Meaning Reconstruction in Fairy Tales Across Eras: An Intertextual Study on A Grain of Truth and Beauty and the Beast." Language Circle: Journal of Language and Literature 18, no. 2 (April 30, 2024): 280–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/lc.v18i2.50284.

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Intertextuality is a study that observes the relation and connection that text has with other texts. By looking at intertextuality, it can be seen how one text can have resemblances to another text, whether that resemblance is intentional or not. This study uses a story by Andrzej Sapkowski, titled A Grain of Truth as the material objects of the study. It tells the story of a cursed human with a monstrous body who desires to find love to be human again. This research uses qualitative research methods, and the data were analyzed using intertextuality theory to answer the research questions. This paper aims at finding out the intertextuality connection between A Grain of Truth and Beauty and the Beast, through their resemblances in theme and due to the sociocultural enironment erround the stories. The result shows that there are sesemplances in terms of theme, characterization, and symbols in the story. This is related to the collective unconsciousness about the perception of love and curse in fantasy.

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Ibrahim, Abdullahi Ali. "Saḥirand Muslim Moral Space." International Journal of Middle East Studies 23, no. 3 (August 1991): 387–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s002074380005635x.

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Metaphors of the evil eye (sahir) are interpreted as posing a threat to the Muslim Arab Rubāṭāb1of the Sudan. A common situation in which these metaphors are used is when the speaker(saḥḥār)attempts to cast or “shoot” asahirmetaphor at persons or objects by comparing them to something else. A victim may then try to counteract the shot by uttering protective invocations. The victim's later account of the event in which the evil eye was cast upon him will include subsequent misfortunes and perhaps justifications for personal failure. For example, asahhārlikened someone eating a green onion to somebody speaking into a microphone. The man threw away the onion, cursed thesahhār, and complained thereafter that his hand had never been the same. The audience evaluates the metaphors. Good comparisons evoke much laughter. “He is really evil,” or “He killed him,” are often pronounced by the audience both in appreciation of the theoretical powers of the metaphor shooter and in anticipation of the harm that may come in the shot's wake. The audience later reports the interaction as a joke or legend.

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MARSHALL, JONATHAN A., and VISWANATH SRIKANTH. "CURVED TRAJECTORY PREDICTION USING A SELF-ORGANIZING NEURAL NETWORK." International Journal of Neural Systems 10, no. 01 (February 2000): 59–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129065700000065.

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Existing neural network models are capable of tracking linear trajectories of moving visual objects. This paper describes an additional neural mechanism, disfacilitation, that enhances the ability of a visual system to track curved trajectories. The added mechanism combines information about an object's trajectory with information about changes in the object's trajectory, to improve the estimates for the object's next probable location. Computational simulations are presented that show how the neural mechanism can learn to track the speed of objects and how the network operates to predict the trajectories of accelerating and decelerating objects.

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Chuquichambi, Erick G., Letizia Palumbo, Carlos Rey, and Enric Munar. "Shape familiarity modulates preference for curvature in drawings of common-use objects." PeerJ 9 (July 6, 2021): e11772. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.11772.

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Drawing is a way to represent common-use objects. The contour of an object is a salient feature that defines its identity. Preference for a contour (curved or angular) may depend on how familiar the resulting shape looks for that given object. In this research, we examined the influence of shape familiarity on preference for curved or sharp-angled drawings of common-use objects. We also examined the possibility that some individual differences modulated this preference. Preference for curvature was assessed with a liking rating task (Experiment 1) and with a two-alternative forced-choice task simulating approach/avoidance responses (Experiment 2). Shape familiarity was assessed with a familiarity selection task where participants selected the most familiar shape between the curved and the angular version for each object, or whether both shapes were equally familiar for the object. We found a consistent preference for curvature in both experiments. This preference increased when the objects with a curved shape were selected as the most familiar ones. We also found preference for curvature when participants selected the shape of objects as equally familiar. However, there was no preference for curvature or preference for angularity when participants selected the sharp-angled shapes as the most familiar ones. In Experiment 2, holistic and affective types of intuition predicted higher preference for curvature. Conversely, participants with higher scores in the unconventionality facet showed less preference for the curved drawings. We conclude that shape familiarity and individual characteristics modulate preference for curvature.

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Swoboda, Anna. "Entre la tradition sénégalaise et le néo-colonialisme français : l’oppression systématique des jeunes filles dans La nuit est tombée sur Dakar d’Aminata Zaaria." Interlitteraria 27, no. 2 (December 31, 2022): 261–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.12697/il.2022.27.2.11.

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Between Senegalese tradition and French neo-colonialism: Systematic oppression of young girls in La nuit est tombée sur Dakar by Aminata Zaaria. The purpose of this article is to examine the systematic, intercultural oppression of young girls in La nuit est tombée sur Dakar, a 2004 novel by the Senegalese author Aminata Zaaria. Her female protagonists, two seventeenyear- olds, subject themselves to sexual exploitation by white men in order to escape poverty. In their birthplace, the village of Lëndëm (‘darkness’ in Wolof, the most commonly spoken language in Senegal), the girls are forced into traditional gender roles from a very young age, i.e. their sexuality is strictly controlled by men. This environment is, however, influenced by the Western way of life: on TV and in glossy magazines, Europe is presented as a paradise on earth. Dakar, viewed by the elder inhabitants of Lëndëm as a “cursed city”, is a place where white men have all the power and, just as in colonial times, they use it in order to sexually abuse African women. By analysing traditional society from a sociological perspective (based on the works of Abdoulaye Bara Diop and Rosalie Aduyai Diop), as well as by applying the postcolonial and psychological theoretical framework to the dynamics presented in the text, this paper strives to demonstrate that it is difficult to speak of “freedom of choice” in the case of a vulnerable, traumatised subject. For both protagonists, this “disguised prostitution” is a survival strategy, going beyond a simple materialism: they are led to believe that it is a small price to pay for a better life. The article presents intercultural oppression as a double-edged sword in that in every environment, young girls are treated as mere objects, expected to silently play their roles.

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Duarte, Joao, Isabel Espírito Santo, M. Teresa T. Monteiro, and A. Ismael F. Vaz. "Curved layer path planning on a 5-axis 3D printer." Rapid Prototyping Journal 28, no. 4 (October 7, 2021): 629–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/rpj-02-2021-0025.

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Purpose This paper aims to provide an approach to print shell-type objects using a 5-axis printer. The proposed approach takes advantage of the two additional printer degrees of freedom to provide a curved layer path planning strategy. Design/methodology/approach This paper addresses curved layer path planning on a 5-axis printer. This printer considers movements along the three usual axes together with two additional axes at the printing table (rotation and tilt), allowing to build more complex and reliable objects. Curved layer path planning is considered where polygons obtained from the slicing stage are approximated by linear and cubic splines. The proposed printing strategy consists in building an inner core supporting structure followed by outer curved layers. Findings The curved layer path planning strategy is validated for shell-type objects by considering a 5-axis printer simulator. An example with an aeronautic object is presented to illustrate the proposed approach. Originality/value The paper presents an approach to curved layer path planning on a 5-axis printer, for shell-type objects.

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Chib, Vikram S., James L. Patton, Kevin M. Lynch, and Ferdinando A. Mussa-Ivaldi. "Haptic Identification of Surfaces as Fields of Force." Journal of Neurophysiology 95, no. 2 (February 2006): 1068–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00610.2005.

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The ability to discriminate an object's shape and mechanical properties from touch is one of the most fundamental somatosensory functions. When exploring physical properties of an object, such as stiffness and curvature, humans probe the object's surface and obtain information from the many sensory receptors in their upper limbs. This sensory information is critical for the guidance of actions. We studied how humans acquire an internal representation of the shape and mechanical properties of surfaces and how this information affects the execution of trajectories over the surface. Experiments involved subjects executing trajectories while holding a planar manipulandum that renders planar virtual objects with variable shape and mechanical properties. Subjects were instructed to make reaching movements with the hand between points on the boundary of a curved virtual disk of varying stiffness and curvature. The results suggest two classifications of adaptive responses: force perturbations and object boundaries. In the first case, a rectilinear hand movement is enforced by opposing the interaction forces. In the second case, the trajectory conforms to the object boundary so as to reduce interaction forces. While this dichotomy is evident for very rigid and very soft objects, the likelihood of an object boundary classification depended, in a smooth and monotonic way, on the average force experienced during the initial movements. Furthermore, the observed response across a variety of stiffness values lead to a constant average interaction force after adaptation. This suggests that the nervous system may select from the two responses through a mechanism that attempts to establish a constant interaction force.

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Жихарев, Л., and L. Zhikharev. "Reflection from Curved Mirrors in a Plane." Geometry & Graphics 7, no. 1 (April 8, 2019): 46–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/article_5c9203adb22641.01479568.

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Reflection from a certain mirror is one of the main types of transformations in geometry. On a plane a mirror represents a straight line. When reflecting, we obtain an object, each point of which is symmetric with respect to this straight line. In this paper have been considered examples of reflection from a circle – a general case of a straight line, if the latter is defined through a circle of infinite radius. While analyzing a simple reflection and generalization of this process to the cases of such curvature of the mirror, an interesting phenomenon was found – an increase in the reflection dimension by one, that is, under reflection of a one-dimensional object from the circle, a two-dimensional curve is obtained. Thus, under reflection of a point from the circle was obtained the family of Pascal's snails. The main cases, related to reflection from a circular mirror the simplest two-dimensional objects – a segment and a circle at their various arrangement, were also considered. In these examples, the reflections are two-dimensional objects – areas of bizarre shape, bounded by sections of curves – Pascal snails. The most interesting is the reflection of two-dimensional objects on a plane, because the reflection is too informative to fit in the appropriate space. To represent the models of obtained reflections, it was proposed to move into three-dimensional space, and also developed a general algorithm allowing obtain the object reflection from the curved mirror in the space of any dimension. Threedimensional models of the reflections obtained by this algorithm have been presented. This paper reveals the prospects for further research related to transition to three-dimensional space and reflection of objects from a spherical surface (possibility to obtain four-dimensional and five-dimensional reflections), as well as studies of reflections from geometric curves in the plane, and more complex surfaces in space.

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Pietrzak OP, Jacek. "„Zaklinać [się] i przysięgać” (Mk 14,71; Mt 26,74)." Biblical Annals 9, no. 2 (March 10, 2019): 315–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.31743/biban.4523.

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The wording describing Peter's third denial: "curse and swear" gave rise to several contradictory interpretations. Some think that it is hendiadys meaning nothing but swearing. Advocates of the transitive sense of the verb ἀναθεματίζω try to guess who is the object of Peter's curse. The dominant view is that Peter curses Jesus. Others think that Peter curses himself or those who accuse him. But formula "curse and swear" appears in the Henochic myth about fallen angels (1 Hen 6:4.5.6). Peter, who denies Jesus, resembles one of the fallen angels, who opposed God's will on Mount Hermon and separated themselves from God. The following pattern, which can be observed in the First Book of Enoch (1-6): the revelation of God, the announcement of the Last Judgment and the fall of those who belong to God appear in the Gospels of Mark and Matthew twice: in Caesarea Philippi (Mark 8:27-38, Matt 16:13-28 ) and in the Caiaphas palace (Mark 14:53-75, Matt 26:57-72). The apocryphal context helps to understand that the curse always touches one who opposes God. Throwing a curse on yourself is confirmed by examples from ancient culture.

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Diel, Hans H. "A Model of Spacetime Dynamics with Embedded Quantum Objects." Reports in Advances of Physical Sciences 01, no. 03 (September 2017): 1750010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2424942417500104.

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General relativity theory (GRT) tells us that (a) space and time should be viewed as an entity (called spacetime), (b) the spacetime of a world that contains gravitational objects should be viewed as curved, and (c) spacetime is a dynamical object with a dynamically changing extent and curvature. Attempts to achieve compatibility of GRT with quantum theory (QT) have typically resulted in proposing elementary units of spacetime as building blocks for the emergence of larger spacetime objects. In the present paper, a model of curved discrete spacetime is presented in which the basic space elements are derived from Causal Dynamical Triangulation. Spacetime can be viewed as the container for physical objects, and in GRT, the energy distribution of the contained physical objects determines the dynamics of spacetime. In the proposed model of curved discrete spacetime, the primary objects contained in spacetime are “quantum objects”. Other larger objects are collections of quantum objects. This approach results in an accordance of GRT and quantum (field) theory, while coincidently the areas in which their laws are in force are separated. In the second part of the paper, a rough mapping of quantum field theory to the proposed model of spacetime dynamics is described.

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CHEN, SHUANG, and HERBERT FREEMAN. "CHARACTERISTIC-VIEW MODELING OF CURVED-SURFACE SOLIDS." International Journal of Pattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence 10, no. 05 (August 1996): 537–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218001496000335.

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Given a 3-D object (solid), it is possible to divide the exterior viewing space of the solid into maximally connected subspaces of vantage points such that the perspective views of the solid from all vantage points within a subspace have identical labeled line-junction graphs. We refer to such subspaces as the characteristic-view domains (CVDs) of the solid, and to a representative perspective view from within a domain, as a characteristic view (CV). The concept suggests a scheme for modeling 3-D objects in which the infinite number of possible views of a given solid are represented by a finite set of characteristic views (together with their respective projection-defining parameters). The concept was introduced more than 15 years ago as a modeling scheme to facilitate real-time recognition of 3-D objects. However, the difficulty of determining the CVs hindered its application. This article describes a technique for computing the characteristic views of general solids bounded by quadric surfaces (including polyhedra as a special case), and suggests how the technique can be used for 3-D object recognition.

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Mitra, Abhas, and Krishna Kumar Singh. "Thermal Radiation from Compact Objects in Curved Space-Time." Universe 8, no. 10 (September 26, 2022): 504. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/universe8100504.

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We highlight here the fact that the distantly observed luminosity of a spherically symmetric compact star radiating thermal radiation isotropically is higher by a factor of (1+zb)2 compared to the corresponding flat space-time case, where zb is the surface gravitational redshift of the compact star. In particular, we emphasize that if the thermal radiation is indeed emitted isotropically along the respective normal directions at each point, this factor of increment (1+zb)2 remains unchanged even if the compact object would lie within its photon sphere. Since a canonical neutron star has zb≈0.1, the actual X-ray luminosity from the neutron star surface could be ∼20% higher than what would be interpreted by ignoring the general relativistic effects described here. For a static compact object, supported by only isotropic pressure, compactness is limited by the Buchdahl limit zb<2.0. However, for compact objects supported by anisotropic pressure, zb could be even higher (zb<5.211). In addition, in principle, there could be ultra-compact objects having zb≫1. Accordingly, the general relativistic effects described here might be quite important for studies of thermal radiation from some ultra-compact objects.

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Vitalii, Berdyshev. "OBSERVER’S TRAJECTORY TRACKING OBJECT BYPASSING OBSTACLE ON THE SHORTEST CURVE." Eurasian Journal of Mathematical and Computer Applications 9, no. 4 (December 2021): 4–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.32523/2306-6172-2021-9-4-4-16.

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Motion of some object is considered. The object t moves from the initial point t∗ to the final one t ∗ . But since absent of the direct path, he should bypass an obstacle a connected bodily set G. It is supposed that t moves by the most short trajectory T = Tt , and the trajectory T is a convex curve. The observer’s f task is to find the trajectory Tf that provides tracking the object on the most part of the object’s motion and, if possible, the lesser object’s stealth of motion along the trajectory T . The latency is defined by the distance that the observer must pass to see the object in the field of vision. The object and observer start at the same initial instant, and their velocities are equal. In the paper, examples of the trajectories Tf in R 2 are presented, on which the observer can see the object’s trajectory T ; also, the value of the object’s latency is shown for the invisible parts of the trajectory T . The variant of Tf in R 3 is shown.

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Okawa, Marina, Takafumi Taketomi, Goshiro Yamamoto, Makoto Fujisawa, Toshiyuki Amano, Jun Miyazaki, and Hirokazu Kato. "A model-based tracking framework for textureless 3D rigid curved objects." Journal on Interactive Systems 3, no. 2 (January 23, 2013): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5753/jis.2012.611.

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This paper addresses the problem of tracking texturelessrigid curved objects. A common approach uses polygonalmeshes to represent curved objects inside an edge-based trackingsystem. However, in order to accurately recover their shape,high quality meshes are required, creating a trade-off betweencomputational efficiency and tracking accuracy. To solve thisissue, we suggest the use of quadrics calculated for each patchin the mesh to give local approximations of the object contour.This representation reduces considerably the level of detail of thepolygonal mesh while maintaining tracking accuracy. The noveltyof our research lies in using curves to represent the quadrics’projection in the current viewpoint for distance evaluation insteadof comparing directly the edges from the mesh and detectededges in the video image. In our tracking framework, we alsoinclude a method to calculate the measurable Degrees of Freedom(DoF) of the target object. This is used to recover the poseparameters when the object has less than 6DoF. Experimentalresults compare our approach to the traditional method ofusing sparse and dense meshes. Finally, we present a potentialAugmented Reality application of the proposed method.

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Petitjean, Sylvain. "A Computational Geometric Approach to Visual Hulls." International Journal of Computational Geometry & Applications 08, no. 04 (August 1998): 407–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218195998000229.

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Recognizing 3D objects from their 2D silhouettes is a popular topic in computer vision. Object reconstruction can be performed using the volume intersection approach. The visual hull of an object is the best approximation of an object that can be obtained by volume intersection. From the point of view of recognition from silhouettes, the visual hull can not be distinguished from the original object. In this paper, we present efficient algorithms for computing visual hulls. We start with the case of planar figures (polygons and curved objects) and base our approach on an efficient algorithm for computing the visibility graph of planar figures. We present and tackle many topics related to the query of visual hulls and to the recognition of objects equal to their visual hulls. We then move on to the 3-dimensional case and give a flavor of how it may be approached.

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Hanke, A., and S. Dietrich. "Critical adsorption on curved objects." Physical Review E 59, no. 5 (May 1, 1999): 5081–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physreve.59.5081.

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Bar, Moshe, and Maital Neta. "Humans Prefer Curved Visual Objects." Psychological Science 17, no. 8 (August 2006): 645–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9280.2006.01759.x.

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Agarwal, P. K., M. Vankreveld, and M. Overmars. "Intersection Queries in Curved Objects." Journal of Algorithms 15, no. 2 (September 1993): 229–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jagm.1993.1040.

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Liu Xingjun, 刘兴军, and 陆彦婷 Lu Yanting. "基于计算光场成像的曲面客体表面指纹提取." Laser & Optoelectronics Progress 58, no. 18 (2021): 1811024. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/lop202158.1811024.

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Hayuhantika, Diesty, and Dwi Shinta Rahayu. "EKSPLORASI IDE-IDE MATEMATIKA PADA KESENIAN REYOG TULUNGAGUNG." Prismatika: Jurnal Pendidikan dan Riset Matematika 2, no. 1 (October 21, 2019): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.33503/prismatika.v2i1.545.

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Mathematical learning is abstract. A learning innovation is needed by considering aspects of daily life so abstract mathematical concepts can be understood by students. Mathematics and culture are two interrelated things, the bridge between the two is called ethnomatematics. The focus of the research is on the 6 main elements of Reyog Tulungagung. This research is a qualitative research with ethnographic approach. The results of research in the form of mathematical ideas which are found based on the physical form of Reyog Tulungagung art elements, including: (1) mathematical ideas in gong, namely circles, arcing curved spaces, volumes of rotating objects, and symmetry; (2) mathematical ideas on the selompret, namely construct curved side spaces, rotating objects volume, and symmetry; (3) mathematical ideas on kenong namely circles, build curved side spaces, and rotary object volumes; (4) mathematical ideas on iker namely lines, circumference of circles, and symmetry; (5) mathematical ideas on dhodhog, that are circles, arcing curves, volume of rotating objects, triangles, and one-to-one correspondence; (6) mathematical ideas on goseng namely counting and arithmetic (addition and multiplication). In addition there is also a mathematical idea of how to play musical instruments, namely repetitive patterns.

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Jenmalm, Per, Antony W. Goodwin, and Roland S. Johansson. "Control of Grasp Stability When Humans Lift Objects With Different Surface Curvatures." Journal of Neurophysiology 79, no. 4 (April 1, 1998): 1643–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1998.79.4.1643.

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Jenmalm, Per, Antony W. Goodwin, and Roland S. Johansson. Control of grasp stability when humans lift objects with different surface curvatures. J. Neurophysiol. 79: 1643–1652, 1998. In previous investigations of the control of grasp stability, humans manipulated test objects with flat grasp surfaces. The surfaces of most objects that we handle in everyday activities, however, are curved. In the present study, we examined the influence of surface curvature on the fingertip forces used when humans lifted and held objects of various weights. Subjects grasped the test object between the thumb and the index finger. The matching pair of grasped surfaces were spherically curved with one of six different curvatures (concave with radius 20 or 40 mm; flat; convex with radius 20, 10, or 5 mm) and the object had one of five different weights ranging from 168 to 705 g. The grip force used by subjects (force along the axis between the 2 grasped surfaces) increased with increasing weight of the object but was modified inconsistently and incompletely by surface curvature. Similarly, the duration and rate of force generation, when the grip and load forces increased isometrically in the load phase before object lift-off, were not influenced by surface curvature. In contrast, surface curvature did affect the minimum grip forces required to prevent frictional slips (the slip force). The slip force was smaller for larger curvatures (both concave and convex) than for flatter surfaces. Therefore the force safety margin against slips (difference between the employed grip force and the slip force) was higher for the higher curvatures. We conclude that surface curvature has little influence on grip force regulation during this type of manipulation; the moderate changes in slip force resulting from changes in curvature are not fully compensated for by changes in grip force.

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Zhang, Fahong, Yilei Shi, Zhitong Xiong, and Xiao Xiang Zhu. "Few-Shot Object Detection in Remote Sensing: Lifting the Curse of Incompletely Annotated Novel Objects." IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing 62 (2024): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2023.3347329.

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Grimson, W. E. L. "On the recognition of curved objects." IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence 11, no. 6 (June 1989): 632–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/34.24797.

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Sawhill, Bruce K. "Extended objects in curved space-time." Physics Letters B 203, no. 1-2 (March 1988): 69–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0370-2693(88)91572-9.

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Alt, Helmut, Otfried Cheong, and Antoine Vigneron. "The Voronoi Diagram of Curved Objects." Discrete & Computational Geometry 34, no. 3 (August 4, 2005): 439–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00454-005-1192-0.

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Malik, Jitendra. "Interpreting line drawings of curved objects." International Journal of Computer Vision 1, no. 1 (1987): 73–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00128527.

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Lorencs, Aivars, Ints Mednieks, and Juris Siņica-Siņavskis. "Fast object detection in digital grayscale images." Proceedings of the Latvian Academy of Sciences. Section B. Natural, Exact, and Applied Sciences. 63, no. 3 (January 1, 2009): 116–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10046-009-0026-5.

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Fast object detection in digital grayscale images The problem of specific object detection in digital grayscale images is considered under the following conditions: relatively small image fragments can be analysed (a priori information about the size of objects is available); images contain a varying undefined background (clutter) of larger objects; processing time should be minimised and must be independent from the image contents; proposed methods should provide for efficient implementation in application-specific electronic circuits. The last two conditions reflect the aim to propose approaches suitable for application in real time systems where known sophisticated methods would be inapplicable. The research is motivated by potential applications in the food industry (detection of contaminants in products from their X-ray images), medicine (detection of anomalies in fragments of computer tomography images etc.). Possible objects to be detected may include compact small objects, curved lines in different directions, and small regions of pixels with brightness different from the background. The paper describes proposed image processing approaches to detection of such objects and the results obtained from processing of sample food images.

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Vasiliadis, Angelo V., Nikolaos Koukoulias, and Konstantinos Katakalos. "From Three-Dimensional (3D)- to 6D-Printing Technology in Orthopedics: Science Fiction or Scientific Reality?" Journal of Functional Biomaterials 13, no. 3 (July 21, 2022): 101. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jfb13030101.

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Over the past three decades, additive manufacturing has changed from an innovative technology to an increasingly accessible tool in all aspects of different medical practices, including orthopedics. Although 3D-printing technology offers a relatively inexpensive, rapid and less risky route of manufacturing, it is still quite limited for the fabrication of more complex objects. Over the last few years, stable 3D-printed objects have been converted to smart objects or implants using novel 4D-printing systems. Four-dimensional printing is an advanced process that creates the final object by adding smart materials. Human bones are curved along their axes, a morphological characteristic that augments the mechanical strain caused by external forces. Instead of the three axes used in 4D printing, 5D-printing technology uses five axes, creating curved and more complex objects. Nowadays, 6D-printing technology marries the concepts of 4D- and 5D-printing technology to produce objects that change shape over time in response to external stimuli. In future research, it is obvious that printing technology will include a combination of multi-dimensional printing technology and smart materials. Multi-dimensional additive manufacturing technology will drive the printing dimension to higher levels of structural freedom and printing efficacy, offering promising properties for various orthopedic applications.

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Pengfei Li, Pengfei Li, Ping Cai Ping Cai, Jun Long Jun Long, Chiyue Liu Chiyue Liu, and Hao Yan Hao Yan. "Measurement of out-of-plane deformation of curved objects with digital speckle pattern interferometry." Chinese Optics Letters 16, no. 11 (2018): 111202. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/col201816.111202.

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Ennis, Robert, and Katja Doerschner. "The color appearance of curved transparent objects." Journal of Vision 21, no. 5 (May 19, 2021): 20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/jov.21.5.20.

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31

Bottino, A., and A. Laurentini. "The visual hull of smooth curved objects." IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence 26, no. 12 (December 2004): 1622–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tpami.2004.130.

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32

Efrat, Alon, and Matthew J. Katz. "On the union of κ-curved objects." Computational Geometry 14, no. 4 (December 1999): 241–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0925-7721(99)00036-x.

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ALT, HELMUT, and LUDMILA SCHARF. "COMPUTING THE HAUSDORFF DISTANCE BETWEEN CURVED OBJECTS." International Journal of Computational Geometry & Applications 18, no. 04 (August 2008): 307–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218195908002647.

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The Hausdorff distance between two sets of curves is a measure for the similarity of these objects and therefore an interesting feature in shape recognition. If the curves are algebraic computing the Hausdorff distance involves computing the intersection points of the Voronoi edges of the one set with the curves in the other. Since computing the Voronoi diagram of curves is quite difficult we characterize those points algebraically and compute them using the computer algebra system SYNAPS. This paper describes in detail which points have to be considered, by what algebraic equations they are characterized, and how they actually are computed.

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Bischof, Walter F., and Mario Ferraro. "Curved Mondrians: shading analysis of patterned objects." Computational Intelligence 5, no. 2 (February 1989): 121–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8640.1989.tb00321.x.

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Kanoulas, Dimitrios, Jinoh Lee, Darwin G. Caldwell, and Nikos G. Tsagarakis. "Visual Grasp Affordance Localization in Point Clouds Using Curved Contact Patches." International Journal of Humanoid Robotics 14, no. 01 (March 2017): 1650028. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219843616500286.

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Detecting affordances on objects is one of the main open problems in robotic manipulation. This paper presents a new method to represent and localize grasp affordances as bounded curved contact patches (paraboloids) of the size of the robotic hand. In particular, given a three-dimensional (3D) point cloud from a range sensor, a set of potential grasps is localized on a detected object by a fast contact patch fitting and validation process. For the object detection, three standard methods from the literature are used and compared. The potential grasps on the object are then refined to a single affordance using their shape (size and curvature) and pose (reachability and minimum torque effort) properties, with respect to the robot and the manipulation task. We apply the proposed method to a circular valve turning task, verifying the ability to accurately and rapidly localize grasp affordances, under significant uncertainty in the environment. We experimentally validate the method with the humanoid robot COMAN on 10 circular control valves fixed on a wall, from five different viewpoints and robot poses for each valve. We compare the reliability of the introduced local grasp affordances method to the baseline that relies only on object detection, illustrating the superiority of ours for the valve turning task.

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Wang, Changfa, Tuo Yao, and Qinghua Yang. "Multi-Scale Indoor Scene Geometry Modeling Algorithm Based on Segmentation Results." Applied Sciences 13, no. 21 (October 27, 2023): 11779. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app132111779.

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Due to the numerous objects with regular structures in indoor environments, identifying and modeling the regular objects in scenes aids indoor robots in sensing unknown environments. Typically, point cloud preprocessing can obtain highly complete object segmentation results in scenes which can be utilized as the objects for geometric analysis and modeling, thus ensuring modeling accuracy and speed. However, due to the lack of a complete object model, it is not possible to recognize and model segmented objects through matching methods. To achieve a greater understanding of scene point clouds, this paper proposes a direct geometric modeling algorithm based on segmentation results, which focuses on extracting regular geometries in the scene, rather than objects with geometric details or combinations of multiple primitives. This paper suggests using simpler geometric models to describe the corresponding point cloud data. By fully utilizing the surface structure information of segmented objects, the paper analyzes the types of faces and their relationships to classify regular geometric objects into two categories: planar and curved. Different types of geometric objects are fitted using random sampling consistency algorithms with type classification results as prior knowledge, and segmented results are modeled through a combination of size information associated with directed bounding boxes. For indoor scenes with occlusion and stacking, utilizing a higher-level semantic expression can effectively simplify the scene, complete scene abstraction and structural modeling, and aid indoor robots’ understanding and further operation in unknown environments.

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Theys, Tom, Pierpaolo Pani, Johannes van Loon, Jan Goffin, and Peter Janssen. "Three-dimensional Shape Coding in Grasping Circuits: A Comparison between the Anterior Intraparietal Area and Ventral Premotor Area F5a." Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 25, no. 3 (March 2013): 352–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jocn_a_00332.

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Depth information is necessary for adjusting the hand to the three-dimensional (3-D) shape of an object to grasp it. The transformation of visual information into appropriate distal motor commands is critically dependent on the anterior intraparietal area (AIP) and the ventral premotor cortex (area F5), particularly the F5p sector. Recent studies have demonstrated that both AIP and the F5a sector of the ventral premotor cortex contain neurons that respond selectively to disparity-defined 3-D shape. To investigate the neural coding of 3-D shape and the behavioral role of 3-D shape-selective neurons in these two areas, we recorded single-cell activity in AIP and F5a during passive fixation of curved surfaces and during grasping of real-world objects. Similar to those in AIP, F5a neurons were either first- or second-order disparity selective, frequently showed selectivity for discrete approximations of smoothly curved surfaces that contained disparity discontinuities, and exhibited mostly monotonic tuning for the degree of disparity variation. Furthermore, in both areas, 3-D shape-selective neurons were colocalized with neurons that were active during grasping of real-world objects. Thus, area AIP and F5a contain highly similar representations of 3-D shape, which is consistent with the proposed transfer of object information from AIP to the motor system through the ventral premotor cortex.

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Rose, David, and Randolph Blake. "Motion perception: from phi to omega." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences 353, no. 1371 (June 29, 1998): 967–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.1998.0261.

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When human observers view dynamic random noise, such as television ‘snow’, through a curved or annular aperture, they experience a compelling illusion that the noise is moving smoothly and coherently around the curve (‘the omega effect’). In several series of experiments, we have investigated the conditions under which this effect occurs and the possible mechanisms that might cause it. We contrast the omega effect with ‘phi motion’, seen when an object suddenly changes position. Our conclusions are that the visual scene is first segmented into objects before a coherent velocity is assigned to the texture on each object' surface. The omega effect arises because there are motion mechanisms that deal specifically with object rotation and these interact with pattern mechanisms sensitive to curvature.

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Chávez, Edgar, Verónica Ludueña, Nora Reyes, and Fernando Kasián. "All Near Neighbor GraphWithout Searching." Journal of Computer Science and Technology 18, no. 01 (April 25, 2018): e07. http://dx.doi.org/10.24215/16666038.18.e07.

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Given a collection of n objects equipped with a distance function d(·, ·), the Nearest Neighbor Graph (NNG) consists in finding the nearest neighbor of each object in the collection. Without an index the total cost of NNG is quadratic. Using an index the cost would be sub-quadratic if the search for individual items is sublinear. Unfortunately, due to the so called curse of dimensionality the indexed and the brute force methods are almost equally inefficient. In this paper we present an efficient algorithm to build the Near Neighbor Graph (nNG), that is an approximation of NNG, using only the index construction, without actually searching for objects.

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40

Lamotte, R. H., R. M. Friedman, C. Lu, P. S. Khalsa, and M. A. Srinivasan. "Raised Object on a Planar Surface Stroked Across the Fingerpad: Responses of Cutaneous Mechanoreceptors to Shape and Orientation." Journal of Neurophysiology 80, no. 5 (November 1, 1998): 2446–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1998.80.5.2446.

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LaMotte, R. H., R. M. Friedman, C. Lu, P. S. Khalsa, and M. A. Srinivasan. Raised object on a planar surface stroked across the fingerpad: responses of cutaneous mechanoreceptors to shape and orientation. J. Neurophysiol. 80: 2446–2466, 1998. The representations of orientation and shape were studied in the responses of cutaneous mechanoreceptors to an isolated, raised object on a planar surface stroked across the fingerpad. The objects were the top portions of a sphere with a 5-mm radius, and two toroids each with a radius of 5 mm along one axis and differing radii of 1 or 3 mm along the orthogonal axis. The velocity and direction of stroking were fixed while the orientation of the object in the horizontal plane was varied. Each object was stroked along a series of laterally shifted, parallel, linear trajectories over the receptive fields of slowly adapting, type I (SA), and rapidly adapting, type I (RA) mechanoreceptive afferents innervating the fingerpad of the monkey. “Spatial event plots” (SEPs) of the occurrence of action potentials, as a function of the location of each object on the receptive field, were interpreted as the responses of a spatially distributed population of fibers. That portion of the plot evoked by the curved object (the SEPc) provided a representation of the shape and orientation of the two-dimensional outline of the object in the horizontal plane in contact with the skin. For both SAs and RAs, the major vector of the SEPc, obtained by a principal components analysis, was linearly related to the physical orientation of the major axis of each toroid. The spatial distribution of discharge rates [spatial rate surface profiles (SRSs), after plotting mean instantaneous frequency versus spatial locus within the SEPc] represented object shape in a third dimension, normal to the skin surface. The shape of the SA SRSs, well fitted by Gaussian equations, better represented object shape than that of the RA SRSs. A cross-sectional profile along the minor axis [spatial rate profile (SRP)] was approximately triangular for SAs. After normalization for differences in peak height, the falling slopes of the SA SRPs increased, and the base widths decreased with curvature of the object's minor axis. These curvature-related differences in slopes and widths were invariant with changes in object orientation. It is hypothesized that circularity in object shape is coded by the constancy of slopes of SA SRPs between peak and base and that the constancy of differences in the widths and falling slopes evoked by different raised objects encodes, respectively, the differences in their sizes and shapes regardless of differences in their orientation on the skin.

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41

Theys, Tom, Siddharth Srivastava, Johannes van Loon, Jan Goffin, and Peter Janssen. "Selectivity for three-dimensional contours and surfaces in the anterior intraparietal area." Journal of Neurophysiology 107, no. 3 (February 2012): 995–1008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00248.2011.

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The macaque anterior intraparietal area (AIP) is crucial for visually guided grasping. AIP neurons respond during the visual presentation of real-world objects and encode the depth profile of disparity-defined curved surfaces. We investigated the neural representation of curved surfaces in AIP using a stimulus-reduction approach. The stimuli consisted of three-dimensional (3-D) shapes curved along the horizontal axis, the vertical axis, or both the horizontal and the vertical axes of the shape. The depth profile was defined solely by binocular disparity that varied along either the boundary or the surface of the shape or along both the boundary and the surface of the shape. The majority of AIP neurons were selective for curved boundaries along the horizontal or the vertical axis, and neural selectivity emerged at short latencies. Stimuli in which disparity varied only along the surface of the shape (with zero disparity on the boundaries) evoked selectivity in a smaller proportion of AIP neurons and at considerably longer latencies. AIP neurons were not selective for 3-D surfaces composed of anticorrelated disparities. Thus the neural selectivity for object depth profile in AIP is present when only the boundary is curved in depth, but not for disparity in anticorrelated stereograms.

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42

Galley, Knopf, and Kashkoush. "Pneumatic Hyperelastic Actuators for Grasping Curved Organic Objects." Actuators 8, no. 4 (November 5, 2019): 76. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/act8040076.

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Soft robotic grippers often incorporate pneumatically-driven actuators that can elastically deform to grasp delicate, curved organic objects with minimal surface damage. The complexity of the actuator geometry and the nonlinear stress–strain behavior of the stretchable material during inflation make it difficult to predict actuator performance prior to prototype fabrication. In this work, a scalable modular elastic air-driven actuator made from polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) is developed for a mechanically compliant robotic gripper that grasps individual horticultural plants and fungi during automated harvesting. The key geometric design parameters include the expandable surface area and wall thickness of the deformable structure used to make contact with the target object. The impact of these parameters on actuator displacement is initially explored through simulation using the Mooney–Rivlin model of hyperelastic materials. In addition, several actuator prototypes with varying expandable wall thicknesses are fabricated using a multistep soft-lithography molding process and are inserted in a closed ring assembly for experimental testing. The gripper performance is evaluated in terms of contact force, contact area with the target, and maximum payload before slippage. The viability of the gripper with PDMS actuators for horticultural harvesting applications is illustrated by gently grasping a variety of mushroom caps.

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43

Leder, Helmut, Pablo P. L. Tinio, and Moshe Bar. "Emotional Valence Modulates the Preference for Curved Objects." Perception 40, no. 6 (January 2011): 649–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/p6845.

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44

Jin-Long Chen and G. C. Stockman. "Determining pose of 3D objects with curved surfaces." IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence 18, no. 1 (1996): 52–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/34.476010.

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45

Sauer, C. W., G. J. Andersen, and A. Saidpour. "Detection of collision objects travelling on curved paths." Journal of Vision 2, no. 7 (March 14, 2010): 345. http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/2.7.345.

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46

Hirobumi Nishida. "A structural approach to representation of curved objects." Pattern Recognition 30, no. 1 (January 1997): 45–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0031-3203(96)00062-3.

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47

Sridharan, K. "Computing two penetration measures for curved 2D objects." Information Processing Letters 72, no. 3-4 (November 1999): 143–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0020-0190(99)00131-3.

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48

Bhandarkar, Suchendra M., and Minsoo Suk. "Recognition and localization of objects with curved surfaces." Machine Vision and Applications 4, no. 1 (December 1991): 15–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01240388.

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49

Kavšek, Michael J. "Infants' Responsiveness to Line Junctions in Curved Objects." Journal of Experimental Child Psychology 72, no. 3 (March 1999): 177–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jecp.1999.2488.

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Shah, Syed Aziz, Zhiya Zhang, Aifeng Ren, Nan Zhao, Xiaodong Yang, Wei Zhao, Jie Yang, Jianxun Zhao, Wanrong Sun, and Yang Hao. "Buried Object Sensing Considering Curved Pipeline." IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters 16 (2017): 2771–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lawp.2017.2745501.

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