Journal articles: 'Curtain Wall Design'

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He, Mengqi. "On the Function and Exertion of Management in Architectural Curtain Wall Design." Architecture and Design Review 2, no. 1 (April 22, 2020): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.18282/adr.v2i1.1077.

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<p>Curtain wall structure is the common type of external fixation structure of high-rise and super-high-rise buildings. The application advantages of curtain wall structure have been paid attention to by engineers, so its application is more and more extensive. Based on this, this paper briefly expounds the basic concept of curtain wall, and puts forward the development strategy of management work in building curtain wall construction, aiming at deeply analyzing the current situation of building curtain wall construction in China and deeply exploring the role of management work in building curtain wall construction stage from the project management level.</p>

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Al-Hammad, Abdul-Mohsen, Mohammad A. Hassanain, and Mohammed N. Juaim. "Evaluation and selection of curtain wall systems for medium-high rise building construction." Structural Survey 32, no. 4 (August 5, 2014): 299–314. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ss-10-2013-0035.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to present a systematic approach for the evaluation and selection of curtain wall systems for medium-high rise building construction. Design/methodology/approach – The authors have identified the different types of curtain wall systems that are commonly used in the building construction industry in Saudi Arabia; examined the various performance as well as financial and non-financial criteria affecting the evaluation and selection of these systems; and subjected the identified different types of curtain wall systems to several filtering processes, namely feasibility ranking, evaluation by comparison and weighted evaluation to facilitate making a decision on the most suitable system to select. Findings – The analysis of the collected data indicated that the precast concrete curtain wall system is considered to be the first choice. The second choice is the prefabricated brick panel curtain wall system. Originality/value – Curtain walls are the most recognized elements of contemporary structures today. There exists ample variety of materials and designs that could be utilized for the development of these building elements. This paper is of practical value to project owners, architects and design professionals endeavoring on the process of selecting and specifying curtain wall systems in their projects.

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Han, Ze Guang, Xin Fang Song, and Rui Qin Hao. "The Assembled Structure Analysis of Energy Conservation and Material Saving Unit Sheet Aluminum Curtain Wall." Advanced Materials Research 243-249 (May 2011): 6165–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.243-249.6165.

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The joint between all plains in unit sheet aluminum curtain wall which is hanged on main body architecture is plugboard combination. The change of ambient temperature and wind load generates the change of expansion joints, which are the performance index of curtain wall required gas and water tightness, among curtain walls and suspension members. Thus obtained value of expansion joint among curtain walls is very important to guide the curtain wall’s installation. Here, an assemble structure model of curtain wall has firstly been established, the changing law of expansion joints among curtain walls has also been obtained under all kinds of work conditions based on previous model and the ANSYS software’s application. Some better suggestions have been also provided associating the construction technical specification. It can provide future protection for revised this technical specification, and accelerate the scientific normalization of the design in construction curtain wall.

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Ding, Da Yi, Chang Shu, Yang Gao, Yuan Qing Wang, Da Peng Pei, and Yan Tang. "Design and Analysis of Section-III Cable Net Curtain Wall of Hefei Xinqiao International Airport Terminal." Applied Mechanics and Materials 71-78 (July 2011): 903–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.71-78.903.

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Section-Ⅲ landside curtain wall of Hefei Xinqiao International Airport terminal adopted single layer cable net curtain wall, while others adopted stick-system curtain wall structure. In this paper, the section-Ⅲ overall structure model of Hefei Xinqiao International Airport terminal was established by using the finite element method (FEM) software ANSYS. The load bearing capacity and deformability of landside curtain wall under load cases with seismic loads and wind loads were analyzed. Also the cable net curtain wall’s effect on the main structure was discussed. The results showed that the displacements of curtain wall and the internal forces of cables met the requirements, and the cable net curtain wall had little effect on the main steel structure.

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Lin, Yi, and Yan Fei. "Energy-Efficient Curtain Wall Design for Super High Rise Building — A Case Study on Curtain Wall Design of Guangzhou Fortune Plaza." Applied Mechanics and Materials 193-194 (August 2012): 94–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.193-194.94.

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Taking the curtain wall design of Guangzhou Fortune Plaza, a high-rise in Guangzhou, as example, this paper discusses the technical approach for improving energy-efficient performance of curtain wall in terms of energy-efficient glass selection, the design of external sun-shading elements and the construction detail that can facilitate the natural ventilation, so as to enhance acclimatization of curtain wall in Lingnan Area

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Fu, Ya Nan, and Hai Tao Mao. "Construction Technology Research on Super Glass Curtain Wall of the Henan Art Center." Applied Mechanics and Materials 170-173 (May 2012): 3212–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.170-173.3212.

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Henan Art Center has a new curtain wall structure - the structure cable net glass wall. Because of the cable net structure for glass curtain wall construction and design difficulties, the design of curtain wall performance to deepen the main points of cable net structural wall of the working principle, design connections, cable net structural wall of the cable construction steps, cable pre-stressing and tension when the technical parameters and under the glass curtain wall materials and installation was introduced. And the main factors affecting the performance curtain wall and the cable tension when the ambient temperature and the tension stress was studied. The results showed that the construction program was optimize and construction quality and safety was ensure.

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Zhang, Qiao, Yue Liu, and Shi Shi Wang. "Unit Type Curtain Wall Mullions to Strengthen the Design and Structure Calculations." Applied Mechanics and Materials 275-277 (January 2013): 989–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.275-277.989.

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During the design process of Unit type curtain wall, there are lots of problems which are worthy of exploring and need to be addressed. Through the International Plaza curtain wall engineering, the methodology of design is that forming a cross-section of steel and aluminum combination by inserting steel ferrule in to unit male frame and the female frame; meanwhile, by using a reasonable design to the shape and size, we can meet the requirement of the overall strength and stiffness of the unit mullion. Mechanical model, actual design of the project parameters and drawing conditions, which detail the design process and calculation results, are reasonable enough for curtain walls researchers and designers.

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Zhang, Qiao, and Nan Zheng. "Research and Engineering in the Design of Building Walls." Applied Mechanics and Materials 578-579 (July 2014): 527–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.578-579.527.

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Modern building walls is no longer a decoration, a simple external maintenance of the structure, but more and more deeply into an organic part of the whole building and involved in the functional construction of the entire building. The impact on the safety and energy saving performance of the whole building has come to a crucial point. A height of 237.7m core tube frame structure actually works in Qingdao cited as an example and the design of high-performance curtain wall system is studied. Many considerations in choosing the design and construction aspects of wall materials,design methods are described in watertight, airtight, wind pressure, the safety and reliability of modern curtain wall project.

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Fan, Shan, Lei-lei Han, and Chao-ying Meng. "Design of the Curtain Wall Cleaning Robot." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 538 (June 4, 2019): 012044. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/538/1/012044.

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Wang, Qin Hua, Bi Qing Shi, and Ping Sheng Xu. "Peak Pressure on Curtain Wall of a High-Rise Building with above 200 Meters High." Applied Mechanics and Materials 71-78 (July 2011): 1421–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.71-78.1421.

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In this paper, pressure time history on curtain wall of high-rise building are sampled through synchronous multi-spots pressure measurement test in wind tunnel. Peak pressures are calculated by using the method mentioned in this paper for design of curtain wall. Some results and conclusion are useful for design of curtain wall on high-rise building.

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Jin-gang, Jiang, Zhang Yong-de, and Zhang Shu. "Implementation of glass-curtain-wall cleaning robot driven by double flexible rope." Industrial Robot: An International Journal 41, no. 5 (August 12, 2014): 429–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ir-01-2014-0303.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to implement a glass-curtain-wall cleaning robot driven by a double flexible rope, so as to replace manual cleaning. The glass-curtain-wall, because of its excellent daylighting performance, damp-proofing characteristics, heat insulation properties and aesthetics, is widely used in modern city buildings. For glass-curtain-wall buildings, regular cleaning of the glass-curtain-wall is necessary to ensure that the surface of the building appears clean and tidy, which in turn contributes toward preserving the overall aesthetic appearance of the city. Currently, the primary method of cleaning glass curtain walls is manual cleaning by workers on a suspended platform. Design/methodology/approach – The mechanical structure of the proposed glass-curtain-wall cleaning robot driven by a double flexible rope is inspired by the way a spider moves by pulling its silk draglines in the air. For self-locking protection and increased rope friction, the robot’s moving section includes a worm reducer and multislot master–slave roller. The cleaning section comprises a water tank, control valve, shower nozzle and brush. The wall adsorbing section is realized by a double rotor. The workspace of the robot is analyzed. Flexible rope winding and unreeling control of the cleaning robot is deduced. The force of the cleaning robot when the double rotor is working is analyzed and calculated. The prototype of the glass-curtain-wall cleaning robot model driven by a double flexible rope is established, and experiments wherein the robot moves along a preset track, as well as cleaning experiments, are performed. Findings – The prototype of the glass-curtain-wall cleaning robot model driven by a double flexible rope can move along the preset track, satisfy the design functions and clean effectively. The experimental results verify the validity and practicality of the robot. Research limitations/implications – The implication of this research is that a glass-curtain-wall cleaning robot model driven by a double flexible rope fulfills the movement strategy and drive-type requirements for cleaning glass curtain walls. The limitation of this research is that it is difficult to implement rapid cleaning. Originality/value – The traditional method of manual cleaning by workers on a suspended platform will be changed after the glass-curtain-wall cleaning robot is manufactured, and the advent of this cleaning robot for the low- and mid-rise buildings will reduce the cost of cleaning buildings, improve the working environment and enhance production efficiency.

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Lai, Chi-ming, and Shuichi Hokoi. "Experimental and numerical studies on the thermal performance of ventilated BIPV curtain walls." Indoor and Built Environment 26, no. 9 (October 19, 2015): 1243–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1420326x15611194.

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In this study, we integrated a photovoltaic (PV) system, a double-skin structure and a thermal flow mechanism to design ventilated building-integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) curtain walls that can autogenously control an environment using buoyant force. Full-scale experiments and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations were conducted to investigate the flow pattern characteristics for the channel airflow and the thermal performance of the ventilated BIPV curtain walls under various heating conditions, wall thicknesses and types of openings. Channel flows for different channel widths under the same wall heating exhibited different flow patterns and therefore variations in thermal performance. The developed ventilated BIPV curtain walls effectively removed their solar heat gain while maintaining adequate wall thermal performance.

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Zhang, Rong, Hui Li, Yan Chen, Jun Xiong, Chang Song Chen, Yu Ren Ke, Jun Hu, and Ying Jun Chao. "Cleaning Machine Design of Building Glass Curtain Wall." Advanced Materials Research 940 (June 2014): 258–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.940.258.

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This paper designs a new type of building glass curtain wall cleaning machine safely and effectively, which can replace artificial cleaning operations, This washing machine is mainly composed of crawling mechanism and cleaning mechanism designed through the modular design method.First of all, under the premise of correct and reasonable function decomposition,this article discuss about the overall movement scheme and control part design in sequence. Secondly,based on the 3 d design software Solidworks,the author built the virtual prototype model of building glass curtain wall washing machine in order to motion analysis and then ensure the rationality of the design.Finally,in view of the existing design, further improvements and optimization suggestions are presented , at the same time, the developing foreground of this machine was prospected.

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Zhang, Tongtong, and Di Cao. "Simulation Study on the Influence of Fire Partition on Curtain Wall Temperature in Super High-Rise Buildings in China." Complexity 2021 (June 30, 2021): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/4124049.

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The poor fire resistance characteristic of super high-rise curtain wall makes the curtain wall design one of the main approaches to improve its capacity for prevention and control over fire and smoke spread. The propagation of smoke leads to the increase in the temperature of the curtain wall on the upper and lower floors of the fire floor and consequently leads to glass fracture and other serious consequences. Current codes have control over fire resistance performance and size of fire partition materials but do not include requirements on the position of curtain walls on floors. By changing the position of fire partition in curtain walls, the paper carries out three comparative simulation experiments on two forms of fire partition: spandrel and fire prevention cornice. Besides, PyroSim is used to calculate the comparative simulation of fire and smoke spread and obtain the data on temperature variation nephogram and monitoring points in the center line of glass curtain walls during different fire scenarios, so as to discuss the influence of different positions of spandrels and fire canopy on fire hazard and smoke. This study finds out the following: fire canopy can better prevent the longitudinal spread of fire smoke than spandrels. The fire canopy above spandrels can reduce the flue-gas temperature. The higher the spandrels above floors, the faster the temperature of the central lines of glass curtain walls above fire floors reduced. However, the higher the spandrels above floors, the more uneven the distributions of high-temperature regions and low-temperature regions, thus leading to the increase in horizontal temperature differences of glass panels. This research conclusion can be taken as a reference for fire protection design of super high-rise glass curtain wall.

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Ji, Jie, Hua Yi, Wei He, and Gang Pei. "PV-Trombe Wall Design for Buildings in Composite Climates." Journal of Solar Energy Engineering 129, no. 4 (November 1, 2006): 431–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2770751.

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The design of the novel PV-Trombe wall in Hefei is theoretically processed in this paper. The area of winter air vents and width of PV-Trombe wall are determined, the effects of two improvements (thermal insulation and shading curtain) are investigated, and the different operating results for winter heating and summer cooling are also obtained. Results show that if compared to the original PV-Trombe wall, after thermal insulating, the indoor temperature increases by 2.36°C in winter and decreases by 2.47°C in summer and the electrical efficiency decreases by <2%. After curtain shading, the indoor temperature decreases by 2.00°C in summer and the electrical efficiency increases by ∼1%. It is recommended that thermal insulation in both winter and summer and appending a shading curtain in summer are adopted for PV-Trombe wall, especially for the diurnally used PV-Trombe wall.

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Naqash, Muhammad Tayyab, Antonio Formisano, and Gianfranco De Matteis. "Aluminium Framing Members in Facades." Key Engineering Materials 710 (September 2016): 327–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.710.327.

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Curtain wall systems are considered as envelop of a building, generally made of a lightweight material such as aluminium. The curtain wall façade does not carry any weight from the building, rather it transfers loads that are incident upon it to the main building structure through connections with floors or columns. This paper addresses some key issues in satisfying the respective limit state design checks. Two mullion profiles 85mm and 125mm deep of three manufacturers are analysed showing that the different extrusions of mullion profiles does not have any drastic effect on its structural behavior. Due to the versatility and lightweight, aluminum has many advantages when used as a curtain wall framing material, but it has the distinct disadvantage of being three times more deformable than steel. Therefore, the fulfillment of serviceability limits is an important issue when designing the framing members, in order to avoid damage of connected glasses. Also, the importance of connections and steel insert are highlighted. Finally, some completed and in-progress ALUTEC projects with different curtain wall systems are presented. The paper is therefore interesting for the Façade Engineers involved in the design of curtain walls.

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Liu, Ruo Fei, Cheng Wei Huang, and Zhi Peng Huo. "Dynamic Response of the Glass Curtain Wall of the Cable Truss under Wind Loads." Advanced Materials Research 594-597 (November 2012): 921–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.594-597.921.

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The point-supported cable truss curtain wall is widely applied in today's high-rise construction structural design. The wind load is the main loads which are bore by Point supported glass curtain wall structure. When the curtain wall glass panels are subject to wind load, the panel will transform form surface loads to point load by spider claws passed to the supporting structure. This paper adopts the method of time domain and ANSYS software to analyse point-supported glass curtain wall cable truss structure of wind-induced vibration response.

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Baniotopoulos, Charalampos C., Themistoklis N. Nikolaidis, and Georgios Moutsanidis. "Optimal structural design of glass curtain-wall systems." Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Structures and Buildings 169, no. 6 (June 2016): 450–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1680/jstbu.13.00088.

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DENG, RONG-BING, and XIAN-LONG JIN. "THREE-DIMENSIONAL SIMULATION OF CONDENSED EXPLOSIVE-INDUCED FLOW PROPAGATION AND INTERACTION WITH GLASS CURTAIN WALL." Modern Physics Letters B 24, no. 09 (April 10, 2010): 833–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217984910022895.

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In order to carry out blast response of curtain wall, the first step is to understand the complex flow of the air blasts around the structures and predict the blast loads acting on the structures. But in earlier studies related to blast resistant design of glass curtain wall, blast flow induced by condensed explosive is not taken into account due to expensively computational resources required. Based on high performance computing, this paper presents a new three-dimensional numerical simulation method of condensed explosive-induced flow propagation and impact on a complex glass curtain wall, where the fluid is represented by solving Navier–Stokes equations with a multimaterial arbitrary Lagrangian–Eulerian (ALE) formulation. In particular, the whole analytical model consists of condensed explosive, air, detailed curtain wall system, and ground, which comprehensively represents the real fluid–structure interaction environment. Final calculation has been performed on the Dawning 4000A supercomputer based on the domain decomposition method. The flow mechanisms of blast wave rounding curtain wall is visualized and the simulated pressure history of gauge is in good agreement with the experimental result which validates this method. The present method is shown to be a useful tool for blast resistance design of curtain wall in the future.

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Han, Ze Guang, Zhi Wei Li, Rui Qin Hao, Tao Han, and Jian Fen Yang. "The Optimal Structural Design of Energy Conservation and Weight Reduction Sprung Parts of Unit Aluminum Plate Curtain Wall." Applied Mechanics and Materials 148-149 (December 2011): 180–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.148-149.180.

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In this paper, the parameter and optimal model of the sprung parts of unit aluminum plate curtain wall has been proposed, and its analysis software has also been programmed based on the APDL Language of ANSYS. The optimal dimensions of the sprung parts of unit aluminum plate curtain-wall have been obtained under the most dangerous working conditions by using our software. The goals of the automation of design, small size and light weight for the sprung parts are easily realized, and the protection of weight reduction, lower cost and less material reserve has also been gotten in the curtain wall project. It is a real Green Design.

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Yu, Yan, Tao Liu, Qilin Zhang, and Bin Yang. "Wind-Induced Response of an L-Shaped Cable Support Glass Curtain Wall." Shock and Vibration 2017 (2017): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/4163045.

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Due to its flexibility, cable support glass curtain wall is sensitive to wind loads and its wind-induced dynamic response has attracted more and more attention recently. However, the wind-resistant study for this kind of structure mainly focuses on single-layer plane cable support curtain walls but is rare on irregular ones. In this paper, the wind-induced response of an L-shaped cable support glass curtain wall is analyzed. In order to truly reflect the force transmission, a finite element model of curtain wall is established to ensure collaborative deformation between glass and cable, including glass panel, cable, sealant, and claw connection. Time-domain vibration analysis of the curtain wall is carried out with the random sequence of multinode fluctuating wind velocity time history simulated by autoregressive linear filtering method based on Kaimal wind velocity spectrum. Four wind flow directions are specified, namely, 0°, 15°, 30°, and 45°, to analyze the wind-induced dynamic response of this structure with consideration of the fluid-structure interaction effect. Finally, the deflection of the glass surface is studied by statistical analysis of displacement so as to obtain the wind vibration coefficient suitable for structural design of practical projects, and the variation of cable force is investigated as well.

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Hu, Zhen Zhong, Fang Qiang Yu, Guo Xing Li, and Zhong Li Wang. "An Approach to Multi-Constrained 3D Modeling for Curtain Wall System Based on Spatial Point-Line Model." Advanced Materials Research 201-203 (February 2011): 15–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.201-203.15.

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The accurate spatial 3D models and corresponding coordinates of every key point are needed to determine the sizes, shapes, and locations of installation for all curtain wall elements in the process of production and construction. To solve the transition problems between architectural design and construction design of curtain wall system, four kinds of single-constrained computer-aided 3D modeling algorithm for spatial point-line models were discussed in detail. Then, a multi-constrained iterative 3D modeling process was proposed by considering coupling relationships amongst the various constraints. A 3D modeling system named T3-CW-CAD was developed and applied to the Shenzhen Airport Terminal 3. The application results showed that the presented-algorithm can meet the overall demand for automatically generating multi-layer 3D models according to spatial point-line model, along with sizes and other restraints amongst curtain wall elements, therefore playing a key role in guiding the production and construction of curtain wall system.

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Wang, Guoqing, Fanzhao Meng, and Yonghai Yang. "Design of Robot System for Cleaning Glass Curtain Wall." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1635 (November 2020): 012045. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1635/1/012045.

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Rounis, Efstratios Dimitrios, Andreas K. Athienitis, and Theodore Stathopoulos. "BIPV/T curtain wall systems: Design, development and testing." Journal of Building Engineering 42 (October 2021): 103019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2021.103019.

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Vijayalakshmi, M. M. "Advances in Photovoltaic Materials for Building Integration." Applied Mechanics and Materials 766-767 (June 2015): 489–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.766-767.489.

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Solar energy is inexhaustible and renewable energy, lower in cost, sustainable and independent resource for producing electricity through photovoltaic systems. Building Integrated Photovoltaic (BIPV) system became one of the most promising technologies and recently experienced extraordinary growth. There is a consensus that these advancements lead to novel methods of domestic energy generation. This paper deals with design and analysis of unitized curtain wall with photovoltaic system for a proposed office building, which is having Curtain wall area of 4890 m2. Using photovoltaic system in Unitized Curtain wall spandrel area to produce electricity through solar energy is an innovative method utilized in the proposed corporate office building. Recyclable materials like Aluminium, Glass and sealant are used in Curtain wall. By using Building Integrated Photovoltaic System (BIVP), 50% of Electricity required for the building is produced and its relative merits and cost are discussed.

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Gong, Ling Feng, Yin Bai, and Si Qi Li. "Mechanical Performance Calculation of Single-Layer Cable Mesh Point-Supported Glass Curtain Wall under Fire Conditions." Applied Mechanics and Materials 580-583 (July 2014): 2702–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.580-583.2702.

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High-strength prestressed cables were main bearing parts in single-layer cable mesh point-supported glass curtain wall structures, and it was always unable to take effective fire prevention measures on steel cables due to small sections. That the elastic modulus and yield strength of prestressed cables decreased sharply under fire conditions would threaten safety performance of the whole structure seriously. When glass breakage is considered and not considered, nonlinear finite element complete-process analysis for the single-layer cable mesh point-supported glass curtain wall structure was conducted. Influences of various factors on structure mechanical performance were studied under fire conditions. Through the calculation analysis of different joint constraint models, the ultimate temperature table suitable for different sizes and cable spacing of glass curtain walls was obtained under uniform heating conditions, and proposals for fire-resisting design were given.

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Denman, Derek S. "On fortification: Military architecture, geometric power, and defensive design." Security Dialogue 51, no. 2-3 (December 13, 2019): 231–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0967010619889470.

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Fortification calls to mind images of high walls establishing clear lines between inside and outside and immobilizing enemies. However, even the most seemingly inert fortifications rely on subtle forms of mobility and more elaborate spatial relations. This article examines fortification as a technique of power in which warfare, the design of the built environment, and the organization of space are intertwined. Where research on fortification tends to emphasize the symbolic, sovereign aspirations of wall-building, the approach advanced here focuses on the spatial technologies and infrastructural projects of military architecture and engineering that remake space through martial means. The article follows the trajectory within military architecture by which linear fortifications became defense in depth and asks how transformations of ‘depth’ in contemporary warfare have come to integrate more complex, non-linear notions of space and time. By tracing the ways in which the curtain wall of Vauban’s bastion fortress transformed into the radar curtain, I argue that fortification constitutes a ‘becoming war’ in which ‘defensive’ war intensifies organized violence. As such, the concept of fortification proves indispensable for understanding the reinforced boundaries and delineated pathways cutting across the global space of contemporary warfare.

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Tang, De Dong, Ming Yang Cui, Jia Liang Zhang, Jing Feng Chu, and Bin Li. "Design of Structure and Drive System for Pneumatic Glass Curtain Wall Cleaning Robot." Applied Mechanics and Materials 336-338 (July 2013): 1068–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.336-338.1068.

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In order to improve the cleaning efficiency of curtain wall, a pneumatic robot is designed. The robot is consists of mobile system, adsorption system and cleaning system. The mobile system is a cross-shaped framework that is driven by the pneumatic system and moves mutually. Vacuum sucker scheme is adopted in the adsorption system. Cleaning brush is driven directly backward and forward by the cylinder. The adsorption and detachment of robot feet sucker, body movement and sequence control of the robot cleaning task are controlled by the PLC. The function that robot can clean glass curtain wall efficiently by the harmony operation is achieved.

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Gong, Zhenwen, Bin Zeng, Weichi Han, and Suduo Xue. "Discussion on Structure Design and Optimization of Building Curtain Wall." Open Journal of Civil Engineering 07, no. 02 (2017): 303–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/ojce.2017.72020.

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Sharbaf, Asem, Mitra Sharbaf, and Ghasem Sharbaf. "CONSTRUCTIONAL DESIGN OF CURTAIN WALL FAÇADE INSPIRED BY “HYDRAULICS” SCIENCE." TURKISH ONLINE JOURNAL OF DESIGN, ART AND COMMUNICATION 6, APRIL SPECIAL EDITION (April 10, 2016): 44–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.7456/1060ase/005.

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Arztmann, Daniel. "Climate Change and its Influence on Glazed Curtain Wall Design." ce/papers 2, no. 5-6 (October 2018): 149–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cepa.918.

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Zhang, Shu Long, and Fen Ting Lu. "Numerical Analysis of Composite Soil Nailing Wall." Advanced Materials Research 1065-1069 (December 2014): 48–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1065-1069.48.

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Abstract. The horizontal displacement of soil in slope and the change law of ground surface settlement are dynamically analyzed by building three dimensional-model of foundation pit with the finite element software, ABAQUS, to simulate the construction process of excavation and support, to figure out the influence of micro pile and waterproof curtain on composite soil nailing wall. The study indicates that mechanical model of soil nailing, waterproof curtain, micro pile, pre-stressed anchor interacting with soil can better simulate the construction process of composite soil nailing wall support and have higher calculation accuracy. The calculation can provide a reference for the design and construction of composite soil nailing wall.

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Meng, Hui Ling, and Li Xia Si. "Selection and Arrangement Structure of the Point Support Glass Screen Wall." Applied Mechanics and Materials 256-259 (December 2012): 888–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.256-259.888.

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The selection and arrangement structure is the starting point of glass curtain wall building structure design. On the basis of the structural partition types, the paper discusses the various structural system which be used in engineering in detail. Especially introduces the reasonable layout of the beam system, truss system, framework, arch structure, space truss system, suspension system and so on. Finally, the basic principles and key points of the connection glass curtain wall system structure are also discussed in the paper.

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Zhao, Chun Zhi, Yi Liu, Quan Jiang, and Shi Wei Ren. "Test and Optimal Design of New Type Aluminum-Plastic Composite Panel." Key Engineering Materials 726 (January 2017): 591–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.726.591.

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Aluminum-plastic composite panel is a kind of new type energy-saving and environmental-friendly curtain wall decorative material, and is widely used in building exterior wall, curtain wall board, old building reconstruction and renovation and other projects. With the development and improvement of production and application technology, the performance and functions of aluminum-plastic composite panel products have been optimized continuously; especially at present, all countries in the world have more and more strict requirements on fire safety, and the fire safety standards of buildings also have been improved continuously. In this context, all the manufacturing enterprises have been actively developing new techniques to produce new type aluminum-plastic composite panels, and have significantly improved the fireproof and flame-retardant properties of the products on the basis of ensuring all the performance levels of the products being acceptable. This paper proposes optimal design suggestions via detection analysis on three groups of aluminum-plastic composite panel samples, and is of important practical significance to the research and development of the aluminum-plastic composite panel with low-combustion-heat and flame-retardant core material.

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Zhao, Chun Zhi, Yi Liu, Quan Jiang, and Shi Wei Ren. "Ecological Design of New Type Aluminum-Plastic Composite Panel Based on LCA." Materials Science Forum 898 (June 2017): 2033–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.898.2033.

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Aluminum-plastic composite panel is a kind of new type energy-saving and environmental-friendly curtain wall decorative material and is widely used in building exterior wall, curtain wall board, old building reconstruction and renovation and other projects. With the development and improvement of production and application technology, the performance and function of aluminum-plastic composite panel products are constantly optimized. Especially at the present, all countries in the world have increasingly strict requirements on fire safety, and the fire safety standards of buildings also have been improved continuously. Against this background, manufacturing enterprises have been actively developing new techniques and manufacturing new type aluminum-plastic composite panel, and have significantly improved the fireproof and flame-retardant properties of products on the basis of ensuring all the performance levels of products being acceptable. In this paper, the life cycle environmental impact of new type aluminum-plastic panels in three different ecological designs are compared based on life cycle assessment (LCA), and the suggestions on optimizing ecological design are proposed in combination with the performance indicator of aluminum-plastic composite panel, so it has important guiding significance for developing ecological design in industry of metal composite decorative panels.

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Hong, Xiaobin, Jinfan Lin, Yuan Liu, and Weiying Xu. "Active Thermal Sensing for Bonding Structure Damage Detection of Hidden Frame Glass Curtain Wall." Sensors 18, no. 11 (October 23, 2018): 3594. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s18113594.

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Adhesive bonded structure damage of hidden frame glass curtain wall will cause falling glass, which threatens the security of people and property. Therefore, the damage detection of the adhesive bonded structure of glass curtain wall has great significance. In this paper, active thermal sensing technology for bonding structure damage detection was introduced. Firstly, the thermal wave propagation of bonded structure was analyzed. Second, the simulated annealing algorithm and TracePro simulation were utilized to design the heat source. Thirdly, the platform of active thermal sensing was built, and experiments were conducted. Finally, image fusion enhancement of Laplacian pyramid was utilized to the enhancement process of thermal images. The simulation results showed that the irradiance of the cross-optimization was more uniform, and the uniformity was 17.50% higher than the original design value. The experiments results showed that defects of different sizes and depths can be distinguished. The gray differences of the damages on the depth of 0 mm and 4 mm were 0.025 and 0.045, respectively. The thermal wave testing can detect damage intuitively and rapidly, which is significant for the future research of unmanned detection of bonding structure damage of hidden frame glass curtain wall.

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Li, Chunying, Haida Tang, Jianhua Ding, and Yuanli Lyu. "Numerical research on thermal performance of water-flow window as hospital curtain-wall." E3S Web of Conferences 111 (2019): 01059. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201911101059.

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Water-flow window can reduce indoor cooling load from direct solar radiation and preheat domestic hot water at the same time. It is quite suitable for hospital with patient wards and large demand of hot water, especially buildings with large area of glazing curtain-wall. Field measurement was carried out during July 2018 at a major comprehensive hospital in Shenzhen, and the inner surface of the four-storey west-facing glazing curtain-wall reached over 45.6oC in the daytime. The year-round energy-saving potential is investigated by applying water-flow window to the curtain-wall through programme simulation, with a pre-validated FORTRAN programme. The results show that the year-round solar energy utilization rate can reach as high as 9.4%, and the indoor thermal environment is better, compared with conventional window design. The preheated water can be used in wards for showering and help building energy conservation. Water-flow window has great potential for large-scale application within similar buildings.

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Liu, Kui Xing, Neng Zhu, Zhe Tian, and Meng Lei Wang. "Analysis of Energy-Saving Design of Glass Curtain Wall in the Terminal." Advanced Materials Research 280 (July 2011): 110–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.280.110.

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Airport Terminal has some unique architectural features, however, there is no design standard for Airport Terminal. In this paper, first, on the basis of researches and field tests, we make the dynamic load simulation using TRNSYS and analyze the characteristics of load of the Airport Terminal. We find the solar radiation has great impact on the building energy consumption. Second, we analyze the impact of sunshade and g-value on solar radiation. We find the L0 (L0=L/H) of southward should less than 0. 5, g-value should not be too small. Through this work, we hope to give a guide to the design of the Airport Terminal.

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Moon, Sun-Wook. "Development of Open Joint Curtain Wall Exterior Insulation System for Passive Design." KIEAE Journal 19, no. 1 (February 28, 2019): 75–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.12813/kieae.2019.19.1.075.

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Frangetto, Polyana. "Spertus Institute of Jewish Studies: Sound isolation of unique curtain wall design." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 124, no. 4 (October 2008): 2463. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.4782677.

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Hachem, Caroline, Andreas Athienitis, and Paul fazio. "Design of Curtain Wall Facades for Improved Solar Potential and Daylight Distribution." Energy Procedia 57 (2014): 1815–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2014.10.045.

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Gao, Yong Tao, and Xiao Hu. "Member Stability Calculation and Analysis of the Unit Glass Curtain Wall." Applied Mechanics and Materials 71-78 (July 2011): 109–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.71-78.109.

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The formula to calculate the stability of the unit glass curtain wall (UGCW) is given on the theory of the structure stability is applied to analyze the whole stability of the frame of the UGCW and the calculation formula is provided. Due to the special structure form of the vertical column of the UGCW the formula is given to calculate the critical moment of the vertical column when torsional and flexural buckling occur, and then, the design basis is provided for reasonable and safe design of the UGCW.

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Petrichenko, Mikhail, Darya Nemova, Arina Bogomolova, and Anastasiya Kopylova. "Humidity Conditions of Enclosing Structure with Silicate Brick Veneer and Variable Air Gap." Applied Mechanics and Materials 725-726 (January 2015): 71–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.725-726.71.

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The main function of walling system is to protect from environmental impact and to create favorable climate indoors. At the present time people use such tape of structures, such as: wall with silicate brick veneer, curtain wall system with a thin plaster layer and curtain wall system with air gap as well as without it. The results of the thermomoist calculation of enclosing structures with silicate brick veneer without air gap is presented in article. Technical guidelines for normalization of humidity conditions for data structures are provided in article. The main purpose is to calculate and to develop design consideration for realization enclosing structures with silicate brick veneer without air gap. The results of the calculation show conformity of the walling system to the required energy efficiency, hygiene and comfort standards.

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Lacasse, Michael A., Nathan Van Den Bossche, Stephanie Van Linden, and Travis V. Moore. "A brief compendium of water entry results derived from laboratory tests of various types of wall assemblies." MATEC Web of Conferences 282 (2019): 02050. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201928202050.

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There is an increase in the use of hygrothermal models to complete the performance evaluation of walls assemblies, either in respect to design of new assembles or the retrofit of existing wall assemblies. To this end there are guides available in which is provided information on moisture loads to wall assemblies. This includes, for example, Criteria for Moisture-Control Design Analysis in Buildings given in ASHRAE 160, Assessment of moisture transfer by numerical simulation provided in EN 15026, and NRC’s “Guidelines for Design for Durability of the Building Envelope”. The designer of a new assembly or evaluator of an existing wall is tasked with having to determine what moisture loads to apply to the wall and where to apply this load within the assembly. Typically there is little or no information that is readily available regarding moisture loads to walls and thus the suggested hourly moisture load, as given in ASHRAE 160, is 1% by weight of the total driving rain load to the wall (i.e. kg/m2-hr). In this paper, a brief compendium of water entry test results derived from laboratory tests of various types of wall assemblies is provided from which estimates of moisture loads to different types of wall can be developed. Water entry test results are given of wood frame walls typically used in housing, but also metal-glass curtain walls and other commercial wall assemblies, where possible, in terms of driving loads to the wall.

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Bedon, Chiara, and Claudio Amadio. "Passive Control Systems for the Blast Enhancement of Glazing Curtain Walls Under Explosive Loads." Open Civil Engineering Journal 11, no. 1 (June 30, 2017): 396–419. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874149501711010396.

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Glass curtain walls are used in modern buildings as envelopes for wide surfaces due to a multitude of aspects. In glass curtain walls, tensile brittle panels are connected - through mechanical or adhesive joints - with steel frameworks or aluminum bracing systems, and due to the interaction of several structural components, the behaviour of the so assembled system is complex to predict, especially under exceptional loading conditions such as explosive events. In the paper, glazing curtain walls are investigated by means of Finite-Element (FE) numerical simulations, under the effect of air blast pressures of variable intensity. Their typical dynamic behaviour and criticalities under high-strain impact loads are first analyzed. By means of extended nonlinear dynamic FE parametric studies, innovative devices are applied to traditional curtain walls, at their support points, in order to improve their expected dynamic response. Two possible solutions, namely consisting of viscoelastic (VE) or elasto-plastic (PL) dampers, are proposed as passive control systems for the mitigation of maximum effects in the façade components deriving from the incoming blast pressures. As shown, although characterized by specific intrinsic mechanical behaviours, either VE or PL dampers can offer beneficial structural effects. In the first case, major advantages for the façade components derive from the additional flexibility and damping capacities of VE devices. In the latter case, PL dampers introduce additional plastic energy dissipation in the traditional curtain wall assembly, hence allowing preventing severe damage in the glazing components. It is thus expected that the current outcomes could represent a valid background for further experimental validation as well as detailed assessment and optimization of the proposed design concept.

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Naqash, Muhammad Tayyab. "Design and Fabrication of Aluminum Cladding and Curtain Wall of a Sports Club." Open Journal of Civil Engineering 09, no. 01 (2019): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/ojce.2019.91001.

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Bayer, Jeffrey A., and Charles D. Clift. "Use of physical property data and testing in the design of curtain wall." International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences & Geomechanics Abstracts 30, no. 7 (December 1993): 1563–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0148-9062(93)90157-9.

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Zong, De Xin, and Jun Chen. "Study on Envelop Influence for Building Performance." Advanced Materials Research 374-377 (October 2011): 361–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.374-377.361.

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Envelop is an important component of building. Well designing on envelop makes great sense to promoting climate adaptability for the building, improving building comfort and driving forward energy conservation. This paper starts with the design principle of adaption to climate, variability, economy, localization and integration, then carries on the elaboration to design strategies on wall, glass curtain wall, window sunshade, balcony and corridor, roof and other parts; lastly a typical office building model is established to simulate and analyze envelop performance.

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Zhao, Lan Ming, Hai Bing Hu, Heng Ze Zhao, Jun Qin, and Lan Ming Zhao. "Fire Resistance of High-Rise Building External Wall Using Water Spray Curtain: An Exploration of Fire Protection Design." Advanced Materials Research 935 (May 2014): 265–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.935.265.

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To find out practical design of high-rise building external wall fire protection, a preliminary study of water spray curtain was performed. The characteristic of the spray was analyzed through experiments. Basic characteristics such as exponential relationship between discharge rate and working pressure of the nozzle were obtained. The spread behavior of water film on the wall, such as spread width, was tested and analyzed. Feasible design and apply layout of the spray system on external wall was presented. The probable design was proved to be much more energy-saving than traditional sprinklers. In the end, a workable pattern of application was presented and further explained how the design worked and reduced construction energy.

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Kruszka, Leopold, and Pawel Muzolf. "Diagnostics of the structural failure of sports hall external wall layers." MATEC Web of Conferences 284 (2019): 02005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201928402005.

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The paper presents the diagnostics of the technical condition of the external layers of the sports hall walls. Structural failures related to construction defects themselves constitute a relatively small percentage (4.1% in 2017, 5.05% in 2014-2017 [1]), although the main reason for them is the lack of maintaining technological rigors (76.9% in 2017, 68.4% in 2014-2017 [1]). The presented and described case study of the technical condition of the newly built sports hall does not refer to structural failure, but to the reduction of the risk of that failure as a result of non-compliance with construction technology, in particular, in relation to the external walls. Contrary to the design, the walls of the sports hall were made of aerated concrete. According to the declaration of a designer, the contractor neither consulted the changes with the designer nor gain the acceptance of the designer for using aerated concrete instead of the primary proposed and designed brick structure. In addition, aerated concrete curtain walls with a height of about 4.5 m were made without any wall connectors. This resulted in a risk of a structure failure involving the collapse of its curtain walls. The technological requirements for the repairing of the elements of supporting walls as well as the diagnostic process of the other damaged finishing cladding of external walls are also provided in this paper.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Curtain Wall Design'

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