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Rashid, Stephen, Matthew Tremmel, John Waggott, and Randall Moll. "Curtis Stage Nozzle/Rotor Aerodynamic Interaction and the Effect on Stage Performance." Journal of Turbomachinery 129, no. 3 (June 16, 2006): 551–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2720481.
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Curtis, or velocity compounded, stages commonly don’t achieve the same accuracy of performance prediction expected of most other turbine stages. A review of Curtis stage design practices, field wear, and dirt patterns, in conjunction with performance testing and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling, determined that the nozzle/rotor aerodynamic interaction is far more complex than typical design and performance calculations assume. Understanding this nozzle/rotor interaction is key to obtaining both improved performance, and a more accurate performance prediction. This paper discusses the nature of this interaction, and it’s implications to Curtis stage performance prediction.
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Koprowski, Arkadiusz, and Romuald Rządkowski. "Optimization of Curtis stage in 1 MW steam turbine." E3S Web of Conferences 137 (2019): 01039. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201913701039.
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When operating at 3000 rpm, small turbines do not require a gear box and the generator does not require complex electronic software. This paper analyses the various geometries of the Curtis stage, comprising two rotor and stator blades with and without an outlet, from the efficiency point of view. Presented are 3D steady viscous flows. The results were compared with the performance of an axial turbine.
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Gidley, Mick. "“The Vanishing Race” in Sight and Sound: Edward S. Curtis's Musicale of North American Indian Life." Prospects 12 (October 1987): 59–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0361233300005536.
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On November 19, 1911, Edward S. Curtis (1868–1952), the “photohistorian” of American Indians, wrote to his friend Edmond S. Meany, Professor of History at the University of Washington, about his latest triumphs. “Dear Brother Meany,” he began, “I think we can say that my lecture entertainment ‘arrived’. I wish you could have been present at the Carnegie Hall affair. The tremendous auditorium was filled to overflowing, a sea of people from the stage to the very ‘sky’ itself.” Curtis had been introduced by Henry Fairfield Osborn, Director of the American Museum of Natural History; just before they stepped into view Osborn looked through the foliage and, according to Curtis, had remarked, ‘“Do you realise that that is almost an appalling audience, and one that few men in their life-time have the privilege of facing?’” “I think,” Curtis added, “he was a little nervous on his own account and slightly so on mine, [but] rather than causing nervousness … it gave me courage and I was absolutely certain of myself after my first two words.” “Osborn's voice,” Curtis explained, “lacks the carrying power and his slight nervousness meant a rather halting introduction. This was evidently greatly to my advantage, as the minute I spoke I reached the farther-most corners and my voice caught and held the people.”
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Kamrowski, Ruth L., Col Limpus, Kellie Pendoley, and Mark Hamann. "Influence of industrial light pollution on the sea-finding behaviour of flatback turtle hatchlings." Wildlife Research 41, no. 5 (2014): 421. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr14155.
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Context Numerous studies show that artificial light disrupts the sea-finding ability of marine turtle hatchlings. Yet very little has been published regarding sea-finding for flatback turtles. Given the current industrialisation of Australia’s coastline, and the large potential for disruption posed by industrial light, this study is a timely investigation into sea-finding behaviour of flatback turtle hatchlings. Aims We investigate sea-finding by flatback turtle hatchlings in relation to ambient light present in areas of planned or ongoing industrial development, and evaluate the fan and arena-based methods that are frequently used for quantifying hatchling dispersion. Methods Using a combination of methods, we assessed the angular range and directional preference of sea-finding hatchlings at two key flatback turtle rookeries, Peak and Curtis Islands, during January–February 2012 and 2013, and at Curtis Island in January 2014. Relative light levels at each site were measured using an Optec SSP-3 stellar photometer, and moon phase, moon stage and cloud cover were also recorded. Key results We found no evidence of impaired hatchling orientation, and observed very low levels of light at Peak Island. However, at Curtis Island, hatchlings displayed reduced sea-finding ability, with light horizons from the direction of nearby industry significantly brighter than from other directions. The sea-finding disruption observed at Curtis Island was less pronounced in the presence of moonlight. Conclusions The reduced sea-finding ability of Curtis Island hatchlings was likely due to both altered light horizons from nearby industry, as well as beach topography. Both methods of assessing hatchling orientation have benefits and limitations. We suggest that fan-based methods, combined with strategically placed arenas, would provide the best data for accurately assessing hatchling sea-finding. Implications Sky glow produced by large-scale industrial development appears detrimental to sea-finding by flatback turtle hatchlings. As development continues around Australia’s coastline, we strongly recommend continued monitoring of lighting impacts at adjacent turtle nesting beaches. We also advise rigorous management of industrial lighting, which considers cumulative light levels in regions of multiple light producers, as well as moon phase, moon-stage, cloud cover and time of hatchling emergence. All these factors affect the likelihood of disrupted hatchling sea-finding behaviour at nesting beaches exposed to artificial light-glow, industrial or otherwise.
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Rodger, Johnny. "Putting Holl and Mackintosh in multi-perspective: the new building at the Glasgow School of Art." Architectural Research Quarterly 17, no. 1 (March 2013): 24–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s135913551300033x.
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The announcement that American architect Steven Holl had won the competition to design a new building for the Glasgow School of Art opposite Charles Rennie Mackintosh's original (built 1897–1909), and the revelation of his plans to the public, provoked plenty of criticism about the possible relationship between the two buildings. Professor William Curtis first wrote on the topic in the Architects' Journal almost a year from the announcement, and his opinions on the relationship were forthright: ‘Rather than dialogue’, he argued, ‘there is a dumb lack of articulation in construction and material.’ A response came in the following issue of the AJ from David Porter, then Professor at the Mackintosh School of Architecture. He disagreed with Curtis, claiming that the new building will have ‘an extraordinary spatial richness’ and that ‘the original sketch Curtis saw in Glasgow last December has progressed very rapidly’, for it was but an early stage in ‘a design strategy driven forward with a mixture of poetics and ruthless pragmatics: qualities that are singularly appropriate in this context, and developed with artistry and skill’.Curtis subsequently wrote a further open letter to ‘the Governors, the Director, the Faculty, Students, Staff, Alumnae and Alumni’ of Glasgow School of Art, which was published in facsimile in the Architects' Journal on 3 March 2011:What a disappointment then to contemplate Steven Holl's proposed addition. It is horrendously out of scale, it dominates Mackintosh, it does not create a decent urban space, it fails to deal with the context near and far, it is clumsy in form and proportion, it lacks finesse in detail, has no relationship to the human figure, and is a stillborn diagram dressed up in Holl clichés such as ‘iceberg’ glass.
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Holland, Peter. "Curtis A. Price, Henry Purcell and the London Stage. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 1984. xiv + 380 pp." Early Music History 5 (October 1985): 275–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0261127900000735.
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Song, Yuxin, Lei Li, YinJiao Fei, Wenquan Chen, Guan qun Wo, and Jinhai Tang. "SGK1 regulated apoptosis in invasive breast carcinoma." Journal of Clinical Oncology 39, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2021): e13061-e13061. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2021.39.15_suppl.e13061.
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e13061 Background: Worldwide, breast cancer is the most common type of cancers and the presentation of drug resistance is often associated with poor prognosis. Previous studies have shown the mechanism of drug resistance was affected by apoptosis at different levels in the signaling cascades. This article is aimed to explore the relationship between the serum and glucocorticoid-regulated kinase 1 (SGK1) and apoptosis in invasive breast cancer (IBC). Methods: We evaluated the expression of SGK1 in IBC using publicly available data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Curtis Breast program. TaqMan probe-based qRT-PCR assay and Western Blot analysis were performed to quantitatively detect the expression of SGK1 at RNA and protein levels in the IBC specimens. Clinicopathologic characteristics associated with overall survival were tested by Cox regression. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) was performed to mine the biological pathways involved in IBC pathogenesis related SGK1 regulatory network using MSigDB database. Immunohistochemistry staining (IHC) was used to detect apoptotic markers Fas, Bcl2 and SGK1 in the IBC specimens. Results: Totally 1109 IBC samples with SGK1 expression data were downloaded from TCGA databases for analyzed. SGK1 expression was elevated in normal breast tissues compared with both invasive ductal carcinoma and invasive lobular carcinoma (p < 0.0001). Among them, SKG expression in 112 tumor tissues was significantly lower than that in paracancerous tissues, especially in advanced patients with TNM stage IV. Western Blot and qRT-PCR assay confirmed that SGK1 expression in IBC was distinctly lower than normal. The Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that decreased expression of SGK1 was significantly correlated with the clinical stage (p = 0.036). In Curtis Breast program, we further verified SGK1 gene expression was reduced in stage IV than stage I. The univariate analysis demonstrated that clinicopathologic variables associated with poor survival include age, advanced stage, lymph nodes, distant metastasis and deep myometrial invasion. GSEA revealed that apoptosis was differentially enriched when SGK1 was highly expressed. Similarly, TCGA data indicated that the positive rate of SGK1 was higher in Fas positive IBCs, and the same result was also obtained by IHC in the IBC specimens. Conclusions: Expression of SGK1 regulated apoptosis in invasive breast carcinoma, which might be a potential therapeutic target to overcome refractory and drug-resistant breast cancer.
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Muller, Eridani. "Queensland’s Threatened Animals." Pacific Conservation Biology 20, no. 1 (2014): 127. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pc140127.
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THE explosion of the mining industry, recent change of government and ongoing debates over climate change and use of national parks makes threatened animals and their protection a red hot issue for many in the conservation sector in Queensland. Under “How to use this book” (p. 16) Lee Curtis states that “we hope that the information offered will lead you quickly and efficiently to the next step that will help to halt the population declines of threatened animals in our state”; the naivety of such a statement will not appeal to scientists in the field who constantly fight for increased legislative protections for threatened species, and actively work on on-ground management programs in attempts to halt such population declines. Anybody who has reached a stage where they are able to effect such a change
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Ge, Chen, Jiayao Hu, Zimiao Zhao, Ary A. Hoffmann, Shuojia Ma, Li Shen, Jie Fang, Jianqing Zhu, Weidong Yu, and Weibin Jiang. "Phylogeny and Density Dynamics of Wolbachia Infection of the Health Pest Paederus fuscipes Curtis (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae)." Insects 11, no. 9 (September 11, 2020): 625. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects11090625.
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The maternally inherited obligate intracellular bacteria Wolbachia infects the reproductive tissues of a wide range of arthropods and affects host reproduction. Wolbachia is a credible biocontrol agent for reducing the impact of diseases associated with arthropod vectors. Paederus fuscipes is a small staphylinid beetle that causes dermatitis linearis and conjunctivitis in humans when they come into contact with skin. Wolbachia occur in this beetle, but their relatedness to other Wolbachia, their infection dynamics, and their potential host effects remain unknown. In this study, we report the phylogenetic position and density dynamics of Wolbachia in P. fuscipes. The phylogeny of Wolbachia based on an analysis of MLST genotyping showed that the bacteria from P. fuscipes belong to supergroup B. Quantitative PCR indicated that the infection density in adults was higher than in any other life stage (egg, larva or pupa), and that reproductive tissue in adults had the highest infection densities, with similar densities in the sexes. These findings provide a starting point for understanding the Wolbachia infection dynamics in P. fuscipes, and interactions with other components of the microbiota.
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Hare, Arnold. "Henry Purcell and the London Stage. By Curtis Alexander Price. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1984. Pp. xiv + 380 + 8 illustrations. £30." Theatre Research International 10, no. 3 (1985): 243–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0307883300011020.
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WEBB, J. M., LUKE M. JACOBUS, and S. P. SULLIVAN. "The state of systematics of North American Baetis Leach, 1815 (Ephemeroptera: Baetidae), with recommendations for identification of larvae." Zootaxa 4394, no. 1 (March 12, 2018): 105. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4394.1.6.
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The North American species of Baetis Leach (Ephemeroptera: Baetidae) are reviewed. Nearly one-third of species are either unknown or inadequately described in the larval stage, a fact not reflected in most keys or standard taxonomic efforts for bioassessment, which typically recommend species-level identifications of larvae. Furthermore, our new observations indicate that some previously published stage associations should be viewed as only tentative, and molecular evidence suggests that current species taxonomy does not reflect biological species. In order to acknowledge these deficiencies, but at the same time provide a degree of higher taxonomic resolution beyond the genus level, we recommend a scheme for identifications incorporating previously established species groups and the species complexes and species included within them. Species complexes are proposed for instances when there are either multiple species that cannot be differentiated in the larval stage or when multiple lines of evidence indicate more than one actual species is included in a single species concept. Complexes include B. flavistriga complex (B. flavistriga McDunnough + B. phoebus McDunnough + B. rusticans McDunnough), B. intercalaris complex (B. intercalaris McDunnough), B. vernus complex (B. brunneicolor McDunnough + B. vernus Curtis), B. bicaudatus complex (B. bicaudatus Dodds), B. tricaudatus complex (B. tricaudatus Dodds), and B. piscatoris complex (B. piscatoris Traver + B. palisadi Mayo + B. persecutus McDunnough [=B. persecutor McCafferty n. obj. syn]). A new larval identification key incorporating the B. piscatoris complex is provided.
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Mclaughlin, Noel, and Martin Mcloone. "Hybridity and national musics: the case of Irish rock music." Popular Music 19, no. 2 (April 2000): 181–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0261143000000106.
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Introduction: Irishness and the ‘gift of song’A key element in the range of stereotypes characteristically assigned to the Irish has been their natural proclivity for music and song, a feature of colonial discourse that can be traced back even to the Norman invasions of the twelfth century. However, the powerful link between the Irish and musicality (along with a host of other, considerably less attractive traits) was finally consolidated in the Victorian era at the height of the British imperial project (Curtis 1971; Busteed 1998). Irish music by this stage was constructed as a specific ethnic category based on the assumption that there was an identifiably Irish musical style that existed as an expression of the people, a reflection of their innate feelings and sensibilities. Music, therefore, became a feature of ‘race’, taking on properties for the coloniser that appeared to transcend the passage of time, that remained fixed and unchanging.
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Shu-Sheng, Liu, and Mary Carver. "Studies on the biology of Aphidius sonchi Marshall (Hymenoptera: Aphidiidae), a parasite of the sowthistle aphid, Hyperomyzus lactucae (L.) (Hemiptera: Aphididae)." Bulletin of Entomological Research 75, no. 2 (June 1985): 199–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007485300014280.
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AbstractThe hymenopterous parasite, Aphidius sonchi Marshall, has been introduced into Australia as a biological control agent of the sowthistle aphid, Hyperomyzus lactucae (L.), the principal vector of lettuce necrotic yellows virus disease. Some aspects of its biology were studied in the laboratory. Females reared at 22°C contained a mean ± s.e. of 179·4 ± 10·26 eggs on emergence, and more eggs were formed during adult life. Unmated females produced male progeny only; mated females produced progeny of both sexes. At 22°C, both males and females mated within 12 h of emergence. Virgin females could mate successfully after having commenced oviposition and switch to producing progeny of both sexes. At 20°C, both virgin and mated females started oviposition within 7 h of emergence. The female oviposited in all nymphal instars and both apterous and alate adults of the host. Only one egg was laid per insertion of the ovipositor. Superparasitization was common, but only one parasite per aphid survived to the adult stage. Females at 22°C and LD 12:12 oviposited during both the photophase and the scotophase; the proportion of eggs laid in the scotophase was correlated with the availability of hosts. Adult females lived longer in the absence of hosts than in their presence and lived longer than males, and those supplied with water and honey lived longer than those without. Facultative diapause occurred. The integumental coloration of adults varied according to the temperature during their immature stages. Females of A. sonchi oviposited readily in Macrosiphum euphorbiae (Thomas), but their progeny did not develop beyond the egg stage. A. sonchi was parasitized by Alloxysta ancylocera (Cameron), Pachyneuron aphidis (Bouché) and Dendrocerus carpenteri (Curtis) in the field.
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Raffel, S. J., E. R. Kazmar, R. Winberg, E. S. Oplinger, J. Handelsman, R. M. Goodman, and C. R. Grau. "First Report of Root Rot of Soybeans Caused by Corynespora cassiicola in Wisconsin." Plant Disease 83, no. 7 (July 1999): 696. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis.1999.83.7.696b.
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Corynespora cassiicola (Berk. & M. A. Curtis) C. T. Wei was isolated from diseased soybean plants (Glycine max) collected in two fields near Racine and Arlington, WI. Plants sampled at seedling emergence (VC), late vegetative (V5), and mid-reproductive (R5) stages exhibited reddish to dark brown longitudinal lesions on the exterior of the tap root extending vertically on the hypocotyl to the soil line, and extensive necrosis of lateral roots. Sample size at each growth stage was 144 plants per site. Roots were surface sterilized in 0.5% sodium hypochlorite for 2 min and sections of symptomatic tissue placed on water agar (12 g/liter) containing 100 μg of streptomycin per ml. Sporulation occurred on lesions and on mycelium that had grown out from the plant tissue onto the water agar following a 2-week incubation at 24°C under fluorescent light (280 μmol s-1 m-2). Incidence of isolation of C. cassiicola at both sites was 40% of plants sampled at growth stage VC, 67% at V5, and 78% at R5. Conidia characteristic of C. cassiicola were particularly abundant on the surface of necrotic lateral root tissue. Elongated conidia produced on water agar were 151 ± 5 μm × 15 ± 0.5 μm with an average of 13 ± 0.4 cells separated by hyaline pseudosepta (1). To confirm pathogenicity, a 1-cm lateral slice into each of four 5-day-old soybean seedling roots was made and a plug of agar taken from the margin of a colony of C. cassiicola grown on potato dextrose agar was placed in each wound and incubated for 14 days at 24°C in a growth chamber. Symptoms similar to those of diseased field plants were observed and C. cassiicola was reisolated from all plants inoculated with C. cassiicola; all controls treated with agar alone had no symptoms and C. cassiicola was recovered from none of the noninoculated controls. This is the first report of root rot caused by C. cassiicola on soybean in Wisconsin. Reference: (1) W. L. Seaman and R. A. Shoemaker. Can. J. Bot. 43:1461, 1965.
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Stezhko, N. G. "The history of television documentary drama genesis, its ontological characteristics." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Humanitarian Series 63, no. 4 (October 31, 2018): 482–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.29235/2524-2369-2018-63-4-482-489.
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The article analyses the genesis of television documentary drama and its dual nature that causes much controversy among film theorists. The ontological characteristics of docudrama are considered, in particular its intrinsic connection with documentary theatre. Docudrama originated at the junction of feature films and documentary films at the time when directors raised important social and historical issues that occurred in the state. The docudrama prototype emerged long before the invention of television and is associated with the first newsreels and films of E. Curtis and R. Flaherty. This experiment had developed greatly with the advent of television, which is characterized by a combination of intimacy, focus on close-ups and the ability to tell stories based on real events. The article highlights the formation of documentary drama on BBC that explored all spheres of life with great interest - from British culture and history to social and political topics. The article traces the popularity and relevance of docudrama at the present stage and its settlement into a stable form. This allows to establish docudrama as an independent form of screen arts. The article studies also the formation and development of docudrama in Belarus that is first of all connected with the director Vladimir Bokun.
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Zhuang, Yimin, Jianmin Chai, Kai Cui, Yanliang Bi, Qiyu Diao, Wenqin Huang, Hunter Usdrowski, and Naifeng Zhang. "Longitudinal Investigation of the Gut Microbiota in Goat Kids from Birth to Postweaning." Microorganisms 8, no. 8 (July 24, 2020): 1111. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8081111.
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Early microbial colonization in the gut impacts animal performance and lifelong health. However, research on gut microbial colonization and development in young ruminants, especially after weaning, is currently limited. In this study, next-generation sequencing technology was performed to investigate the temporal dynamic changes of the microbial community in the jejunum and colon of goats at 1, 7, 14, 28, 42, 56, 70, and 84 days (d) of age. As age increased, significant increases in microbial diversity, including the number of Observed OTUs and the Shannon Index, were observed in both the jejunum and colon. Regarding beta diversity, significant shifts in community membership and structure from d1 to d84 were observed based on both Bray–Curtis and Jaccard distances. With increasing age, dominant genera in the jejunum shifted from Lactobacillus to unclassified Ruminococcaceae, unclassified Lachnospiraceae and unclassified Clostridiales through starter supplementation, whereas colonic dominant genera changed from Lactobacillus and Butyricicoccus, within d1–d28, to unclassified Ruminococcaceae, unclassified Clostridiales and Campylobacter after solid diet supplementation. The linear discriminant analysis (LDA) effect size (LEfSe) analysis revealed bacterial features that are stage-specific in the jejunum and colon, respectively. In the jejunum and colon, a significantly distinct structure and membership of the microbiota was observed across all ages. The growth stage-associated microbiota in each gut compartment was also identified as a marker for biogeography. Our data indicate the temporal and spatial differences of the gut microbiota in goats are important for their performance and health. Early microbial colonization can influence microbial composition in later life (e.g., post-weaning phase). This study provides insights that the temporal dynamics of gut microbiota development from newborn to post-weaning can aid in developing feeding strategies to improve goat health and production.
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Liu, Yang, Yulai Zhao, Jintao Li, Fangquan Xi, Shuanghe Yu, and Ye Zhang. "Research on Fault Feature Extraction Method Based on NOFRFs and Its Application in Rotor Faults." Shock and Vibration 2019 (July 2, 2019): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/3524948.
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Rub-impact between the rotating and static parts is a more common fault. The occurrence of faults is often accompanied by the generation of nonlinear phenomena. However, it is difficult to find out because the nonlinear characteristics are not obvious at the beginning of the fault. As a new frequency domain-based method, nonlinear output frequency response functions (NOFRFs) use the vibration response to extract the nonlinear characteristics of the system. This method has a better recognition rate for fault detection. Also, it has been applied in structural damages detection, but the high-order NOFRFs have the characteristics that the signals are weak and the features are difficult to extract. On this basis, the concept of the weighted contribution rate of the NOFRFs is proposed in this paper. The variable weighted coefficients with orders are used to amplify the influence of high-order NOFRFs on the nonlinearity of the system so as to extract its fault characteristics. The new index RI is proposed based on Clenshaw–Curtis quadrature formula to eliminate the effect of artificially selected weighted coefficients on sensitivity. Especially in the early stage of the fault, the new index varies greatly with the deepening of the fault. Both simulation and experimental results verify the validity and practicability of the new index. The new index has certain guiding significance in the detection of mechanical system faults.
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SUN, LU, and W. P. MCCAFFERTY. "Cladistics, classification and identification of the brachycercine mayflies (Insecta: Ephemeroptera: Caenidae)." Zootaxa 1801, no. 1 (June 16, 2008): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.1801.1.1.
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The mayfly subfamily Brachycercinae (Pannota: Caenidae) is redefined and shown to be an apotypic, monophyletic group based on numerous synapomorphies, including, for example in the larvae, the presence of ocellar tubercles, an anterior row of long setae on the larval head capsule, a patch of long setae posterior to the base of the glossae, a broad prosternum, and the absence of toothlike claw denticles. Over 100 morphological characters of larvae, adults, and eggs discovered to be useful for phylogenetic analysis and diagnoses are detailed and illustrated. Thirty-eight species are recognized among the genera Brachycercus Curtis, Caenoculis Soldán, Cercobrachys Soldán, Insulibrachys Soldán, Sparbarus, n. gen., Oriobrachys, n. gen., Latineosus, n. gen., Susperatus, n. gen., and Alloretochus, n. gen., by adopting a strictly phylogenetic classification, including a first tribal classification within the subfamily. Brachycercus ojibwe, n. sp., Cercobrachys fox, n. sp., C. lilliei, n. sp., C. pomeiok, n. sp., C. winnebago, n. sp., Latineosus cayo, n. sp., L. cibola, n. sp., Oriobrachys mahakam, n. sp., Sparbarus choctaw, n. sp., S. coushatta, n. sp., S. miccosukee, n. sp., and Susperatus tonkawa, n. sp. are newly described. The Nearctic Brachycercus articus Soldán, n. syn., and B. edmundsi Soldán, n. syn., are shown to be equivalent to B. harrisella Curtis, proving the latter to be a widespread Holarctic species. Sparbarus capnicus (Zhou, Sun and McCafferty), n. comb., S. corniger (Kluge), n. comb., S. europaeus (Kluge), n. comb., S. gilliesi (Soldán and Landa), n. comb., S. japonicus (Gose), n. comb., S. kabyliensis (Soldán), n. comb., S. lacustris (Needham), n. comb., S. maculatus (Berner), n. comb., S. nasutus (Soldán), n. comb., S. tubulatus (Tshernova), n. comb., Susperatus prudens (McDunnough), n. comb., and S. tuberculatus (Soldán), n. comb., are transferred from Brachycercus. Alloretochus peruanicus (Soldán), n. comb., and Latineosus colombianus (Soldán), n. comb., are transferred from Cercobrachys. Caenis dangi (Soldán), n. comb., is transferred from Caenoculis and Brachycercinae to Caeninae, and provisionally placed in Caenis Stephens. Sparbarus flavus (Traver), n. comb., is transferred from Brachycercus and considered to be a nomen dubium. Nomenclatural history, new or revised descriptions as appropriate, diagnoses, illustrations, and keys are provided for known stage of species. Origins and evolutionary relationships of the Brachycercinae are hypothesized based on cladistic results. Brachycercinae is considered to have originated from a Caenis-like ancestor. The genera Cae-WORLD BRACHYCERCINAEnoculis and Insulibrachys represent more ancestral lineages, whereas the genera Sparbarus, n. gen., Brachycercus, Oriobrachys, n. gen., Latineosus, n. gen., Susperatus, n. gen., Alloretochus, n. gen., and Cercobrachys appear more derived. Cercobrachys pomeiok and other closely related species are most apotypic in terms of numbers of accumulated apomorphies.
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Stępień, Edyta, and Stanisław Rosadziński. "Communities of the Bidentetea class of small coastal river valleys of the Western Pomerania (Poland)." Ecologica Montenegrina 28 (February 11, 2020): 8–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.37828/em.2020.28.3.
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The aim of work was to investigate the diversification, structure, physiognomy and floristic richness of riverside terophytes from Bidentetea tripartitae class in selected coastal river valleys. The investigates area encompassed the lower and middle section of the river valleys of Rega, Parsęta, Wieprza, Słupia, Łupawa in the Western Pomerania (Poland). 68 phytosociological records were made according to the system of Braun-Blanquet. A database was created with the help of the software Turboveg for Windows.The hierarchy classification with the MVSP package was used in order to arrange and group the collected phytosociological data and to single out the types of plant communities. In order to evaluate similarity of samples with respect to species composition the Bray Curtis was calculated and the Unweighted Pair Group Method with Arithmetic Mean (UPGMA) was applied. Three plant communities belonging to one alliance Bidention tripartitae were identified: Bidenti-Polygonetum hydropiperis (Miljan 1933) Lohmeyer in R.Tx. 1950 nom invers., Bidentetum cernui Kobendza 1948, community with Polygonum minus, and one plant community belonging to the alliance Chenopodion glauci: Chenopodietum rubri Timar 1947.Given the natural origin of most of the patches, their structure, and the relatively small share of synanthropic species, including alien species, it should be emphasized that they constitute a spontaneous stage of succession of riparian vegetation. The presence of therophyte communities in the valleys of the coastal rivers, as well as their structure and physiognomy, testify to the preservation of their natural character.
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Fu, Wenpeng, Ran Liu, Heng Wang, Rashid Ali, Yongping He, Zhiqiang Cao, and Zhenghong Qin. "A Method of Multiple Dynamic Objects Identification and Localization Based on Laser and RFID." Sensors 20, no. 14 (July 16, 2020): 3948. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20143948.
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In an indoor environment, object identification and localization are paramount for human-object interaction. Visual or laser-based sensors can achieve the identification and localization of the object based on its appearance, but these approaches are computationally expensive and not robust against the environment with obstacles. Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) has a unique tag ID to identify the object, but it cannot accurately locate it. Therefore, in this paper, the data of RFID and laser range finder are fused for the better identification and localization of multiple dynamic objects in an indoor environment. The main method is to use the laser range finder to estimate the radial velocities of objects in a certain environment, and match them with the object’s radial velocities estimated by the RFID phase. The method also uses a fixed time series as “sliding time window” to find the cluster with the highest similarity of each RFID tag in each window. Moreover, the Pearson correlation coefficient (PCC) is used in the update stage of the particle filter (PF) to estimate the moving path of each cluster in order to improve the accuracy in a complex environment with obstacles. The experiments were verified by a SCITOS G5 robot. The results show that this method can achieve an matching rate of 90.18% and a localization accuracy of 0.33m in an environment with the presence of obstacles. This method effectively improves the matching rate and localization accuracy of multiple objects in indoor scenes when compared to the Bray-Curtis (BC) similarity matching-based approach as well as the particle filter-based approach.
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Wang, Chia-Yu, Lee-Jin Bong, and Kok-Boon Neoh. "Adult Paederus fuscipes (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae) Beetles Overcome Water Loss With Increased Total Body Water Content, Energy Metabolite Storage, and Reduced Cuticular Permeability: Age, Sex-Specific, and Mating Status Effects on Desiccation." Environmental Entomology 48, no. 4 (June 10, 2019): 911–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ee/nvz065.
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Abstract The ability of Paederus beetles to resist desiccation stress is vital to their adaptability in various ecological niches. How water relations and their response to desiccation vary among adult beetles of different age, sex, and mating status is unclear. We examined the water relations of adult Paederus fuscipes Curtis and the mechanisms used to reduce desiccation stress. One-day-old beetles had an exceptionally high percent total body water (%TBW) content and tolerated a high level of %TBW loss. Newly emerged beetles contained a high level of trehalose and 40 to 60% lipid content of their total dry mass, which allowed them to endure desiccation. Beetles that were 10 wk old and older exhibited reduced cuticular permeability. Glucose, glycogen, and lipid contents were crucial throughout most of the adult life span, as they helped compensate for water loss via increased water vapor absorption and metabolic water. In particular, the accumulation of lipid after mating was significant and may further confer tolerance to water loss. The effect of melanization on the desiccation tolerance of beetles was not significant. Females had better tolerance in response to desiccation stress compared with males. We suggest that the observed differences between sexes likely were a function of water relations and an effect of energy metabolite reserves. However, the mortality of females at 24-h postdesiccating stage was marginally significant compared with males. These results demonstrate that P. fuscipes adults prevent dehydration using multiple mechanisms that collectively reduce desiccation stress and increase dehydration tolerance.
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Bennett, Betsy K. "Now & Then: Counting On the Air: Time through the Age." Mathematics Teaching in the Middle School 1, no. 8 (January 1996): 630–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.5951/mtms.1.8.0630.
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Now … “I play music. I sing. I talk, but mostly I do math,” Kenny Curtis replies when asked about his work as a disc jockey. “Mostly math” is probably not what his audience expects this twenty-six-year-old entertainer to say, but when he describes the careful counting, adding, and subtracting of times essential to live radio broadcasting, his description of his work during his time on the air seems accurate. The preparation for his radio show includes selecting music, taping segments, gathering information from a variety of sources, and organizing them all into a show that will entertain and inform his audience. Once on the air, he is a disc jockey, actor, public speaker, comedian, director, and manager of the radio's stage. While presenting the content of the show, he constantly checks his computer clocks showing the current time and the times for airing pretaped commercials, adds and subtracts the exact times of songs and taped reports, and adjusts his live segments so that the time required for the material and the time available between commercials match exactly. His accurate arithmetic in units of minutes and seconds is extremely important because he has only a ten-second window of time during which he must act on the computer's directions to play a commercial. He is a talented entertainer who uses both his college training in theater and mass communication and his basic mathematics skills during every minute of the five hours each day that he is on the air.
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Lucas, Radika, Andy Jones, Wesley Ford, and Matt Doyle. "The effective use of data analytics in an advanced compressor performance and degradation monitoring system." APPEA Journal 58, no. 2 (2018): 723. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj17086.
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Origin is the upstream operator and joint venture partner in Australia Pacific LNG. Origin’s integrated gas operations require reliable, sustainable delivery of gas to the downstream LNG facility on Curtis Island. This scale of operation requires establishing a ‘single source of truth’ regarding compressor condition and performance while achieving maximum and reliable compression capacities. Therefore, capability of monitoring performance of centrifugal compressors across the fleet is considered an essential component of production surveillance. Xodus leveraged Origin’s OSIsoft PI AF (PI Historian Asset Framework) tool. This system was used to build a compressor performance and degradation monitoring tool to accurately identify early indications of degradation in a multi-stage centrifugal compression train. The tool utilises live data from the PI historian to calculate key performance indicators which define compressor and driver operation. Dimensionless parameter analysis allows Origin to accurately quantify performance degradation regardless of variations in plant inlet conditions at each gas processing facility. Deviation from baseline performance in dimensionless parameters such as polytropic efficiency, work input number and polytropic head coefficient is used to quantify capacity losses, additional power consumption and increase in suction pressure. The tool provided the ability to use performance indicators to confidently determine the mode and extent of compressor degradation and prevent accelerated fouling which can lead to premature bundle changes. Also, this information helps streamline and has led to a major step change for the decision-making process concerning maximum production from rotating equipment. Additionally, this allowed operations to be confident on the condition of the compressor bundle, continue operation with higher capacities during high demand periods and ensure compressor bundle changeout is optimised for availability and economic aspects.
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Carpenter, Chris. "Method Quantifies Separator-Oil Shrinkage." Journal of Petroleum Technology 72, no. 12 (December 1, 2020): 48–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/1220-0048-jpt.
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This article, written by JPT Technology Editor Chris Carpenter, contains highlights of paper IPTC 19775, “Quantifying Separator-Oil Shrinkage,” by Mathias Lia Carlsen, SPE, and Curtis Hays Whitson, SPE, Whitson, prepared for the 2020 International Petroleum Technology Conference, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia, 13-15 January. The paper has not been peer reviewed. Copyright 2020 International Petroleum Technology Conference. Reproduced by permission. In tight unconventionals, oil and gas rates often are measured daily at separator conditions. Consequently, converting these rates reliably to volumes at standard conditions is necessary in cases where direct stock-tank measurements are not available. Because of changes in producing-wellstream compositions and separator conditions, the separator-oil shrinkage factor (SF) can change significantly over time. The complete paper presents a rigorous and consistent method to convert daily separator rates into stock-tank volumes. Recommendations for developing field-specific shrinkage correlations using field test data also are proposed. SF and Flash Factor (FF) Separator-Oil SF. Separator-oil SF is the fraction of metered separator oil rate that remains (or transforms into) stock-tank oil after further processing to standard conditions of 1 atm and 60°F. Put simply, the SF quantifies the decrease in oil volume from separator conditions to stock tank. The magnitude can range from less than 0.65 to 0.99. Separator-Oil FF. Separator-oil FF is the ratio of liberated gas from metered separator oil after further processing to standard conditions of 1 atm and 60°F. The FF accounts for the increase in gas volume from separator conditions to stock tank and explains why oil is shrinking (i.e., gas is coming out of the solution). The magnitude of the FF can range from 5 to 1,000 scf/STB. Total producing gas/oil ratio (GOR) can be calculated easily when SF and FF are known. An SF always is associated with an FF and is literally the solution GOR of the separator oil. Both SF and FF are a function of the top-side surface process and an associated wellstream composition. Surface Process. The surface process represents the number of topside separation stages and the associated separator pressure and temperature of each stage. In shale basins, two- and three-stage separation trains are common. The number of separation stages typically is fixed throughout the lifetime of a well. However, the separator temperature and pressure may vary significantly. Wellstream Composition. The well-stream composition quantifies the relative amounts of different components flowing out of a well at a given day. This measurement is typically expressed in mol%. Tight unconventional basins contain many kinds of in-situ reservoir fluid compositions from dry gas to black oils. The produced-wellstream compositions from these systems tend to change considerably with time because of producing flowing bottomhole pressures below the saturation pressure, as seen in the field example presented in Fig. 1. In the figure, the shut-in period after approximately 330 days results in a transient period with large compositional changes.
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Woodruff, Kelly, Gwendolynn Hummel, Kathleen Austin, Travis Smith, and Hannah Cunningham-Hollinger. "PSV-16 Influence of the late gestation maternal rumen microbiome on the calf meconium and early rumen microbiome." Journal of Animal Science 98, Supplement_3 (November 2, 2020): 164. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skaa054.290.
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Abstract Understanding the development of the calf rumen microbiome is important in developing manipulation strategies to improve efficiency as the animal ages. We hypothesized that the cow maternal microbiome would influence the colonization of the calf rumen microbiome. Our objective was to relate the microbiomes of the cow rumen fluid (RFC) to the calf meconium (M) and calf rumen fluid (RFN) at twenty-eight days of age. Mature, multiparous Angus crossbred cows (n = 10) from the University of Wyoming beef herd were used in this study. Rumen fluid was collected from the cows prior to parturition. Immediately following parturition, meconium was collected from the calf and at 28 days post-parturition, rumen fluid was collected from the calves. Microbial DNA was isolated using a lysis buffer and mechanical bead-beating procedure and purified using the QIAamp DNA Stool Mini Kit (Qiagen). Amplicon sequencing of the 16S rRNA V4 region was completed on the MiSeq and analyzed with QIIME2. Both alpha and beta diversity were evaluated by sample type and day. Richness and evenness differed by sample type. The greatest richness and evenness was in RFC (q < 0.01) followed by RFN and M, which did not differ from each other (q ³ 0.5). Bray-Curtis and Jaccard beta diversity differed by each sample type (q < 0.01). These data indicate that the M and RFN do not differ in number and distribution of features, but the samples are compositionally different. Additionally, the RFC differed in both alpha and beta diversity from both calf samples. These profiles can be used to develop hypotheses for the pathway of colonization in the early gut yet still reflect the vast differences in the developmental stage between the cow rumen microbiome and the early calf gastrointestinal microbiome.
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Pereira, Jardely de Oliveira, Maralina Torres da Silva, Lisandro Juno Soares Vieira, and Rosemara Fugi. "Effects of flood regime on the diet of Triportheus curtus (Garman, 1890) in an Amazonian floodplain lake." Neotropical Ichthyology 9, no. 3 (September 2, 2011): 623–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1679-62252011005000029.
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We analyzed the diet of Triportheus curtus in Lake Amapá on the Acre River (AC - Brazil), during three distinct phases of the hydrological cycle (pre-flooding, flooding, and post-flooding stages). The flooding occurred between January and June of 2009. Samples were collected monthly from October 2008 through September 2009. After collection (at 19:00, 01:00, 07:00, and 13:00 hs) and taxonomic identification, fish were eviscerated and their stomachs preserved in a 4% formalin solution for later analysis. The diet was evaluated by the Index of Relative Importance (IRI), and temporal variations (pre-flooding, flooding, and post-flooding) in the diet were summarized by an ordination technique (DCA). The diet of T. curtus was comprised of several orders of insects and microcrustaceans. In the pre-flooding stage, more than 62% of the diet consisted of Ostracoda. In the flooding phase, T. curtus fed mainly on Chaoboridae larvae (Diptera) (44.3%) and terrestrial insects (fragments) (33.7%). In the post-flooding phase, Chaoboridae comprised 80% of the diet. These results indicate that the utilization of food resources by T. curtus was variable, changing with alterations in the availability of resources, as influenced by the hydrological cycle. The population of T. curtus proved to be opportunistic, changing its diet in the course of the hydrological cycle.
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Silva, Leandro Mariano da, Ricardo Felicio, Frederico da Costa Mendes Silva, Ivan Carneiro Custódio, Patrícia Souza da Silveira, and Fábio Santos Matos. "Temperature and maturation stage: its effects on the germination of Jatropha seeds." Journal of Seed Science 39, no. 1 (March 13, 2017): 27–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2317-1545v39n1166552.
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Abstract: The present study had as objective to identify the adequate maturation stage for fruit harvest as well as the ideal temperature for germination of Jatropha curcas seeds. The fruit were collected to form a composite sample, and then classified by color in three maturity stages as follows: Stage I - yellow fruit with shiny black seeds; Stage II - yellow fruit, with more than 50% brownish black, and shiny black seeds; Stage III - dry black fruit with matt black seeds. Subsequently, evaluations of the degree of moisture, germination, electrical conductivity and water absorption at different temperatures (20, 25, 30, 35 and 40 °C). The study followed a 3x5 factorial experimental design with four replications. The maximum germination occurs at a temperature of 35 ºC, it is recommended to harvest the seeds of Jatropha curcas at maturity stage II.
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Krisher, R., A. Auer, K. Clark, K. Emsweller, S. Rogers, K. Thomas, F. Chatiza, and P. Bartels. "246 IN VITRO PRODUCTION OF SPRINGBOK (ANTIDORCAS MARSUPIALIS) EMBRYOS." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 19, no. 1 (2007): 239. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rdv19n1ab246.
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The objective of this experiment was to develop in vitro embryo production (IVP) technologies in springbok (Antidorcas marsupialis), a southern African antelope. Springbok, a fairly common species on game farms in parts of South Africa, may be used as a model species for gamete rescue and IVP techniques to be applied to the conservation of other threatened antelope species. Springbok belong to the family bovidae, subfamily antilopinae, tribe antilopini, which comprises about twenty species in genera Gazella, Antilope, Procapra, Antidorcas, Litocranius, and Ammodorcas. In this tribe alone, there are 4 species or subspecies that are critically endangered, 3 that are endangered, and 10 that are considered vulnerable, demonstrating the need for antelope conservation efforts. In addition, our studies contributed to the South African biological resource bank, so that banked springbok semen and embryos might be used in the future for managed genetic contribution to isolated captive or wild populations via assisted reproductive technologies. Oocytes were recovered (3 replicates) from ovaries obtained at supervised culls for management purposes in South Africa, and cultured in defined Gmat or undefined TCM-199 with FCS maturation medium for 28-30 h (Brad et al. 2004 Reprod. Fertil. Dev. 16, 223). Oocytes were fertilized with frozen-thawed springbok epididymal spermatozoa in modified SOF fertilization medium with caffeine (Herrick et al. 2004 Biol. Reprod. 71, 948–958). Eighteen hours after insemination, a randomly selected subset of the zygotes were fixed to determine fertilization success. The remaining zygotes were cultured in G1/G2 media. On Day 7 of culture, embryos were analyzed for development to the morula or blastocyst stage. A total of 259 selected oocytes were collected from 50 females (5.2 selected oocytes/female on average). There was no difference in the percentage of oocytes normally fertilized (2 pronuclei, PN) between oocytes matured in Gmat (n= 43; 12%) and those matured in TCM-199 (n= 42; 10%). There were significantly (P < 0.05) more oocytes penetrated (e2 PN) when matured in TCM (50%) compared to Gmat (23%). There were no differences in embryonic cleavage or morula/blastocyst development (of total oocytes inseminated) between treatments (Gmat,n= 89, 54%, 9.0%; TCM-199, n= 85, 68%, 9.4%, respectively). In both treatments, the average blastocyst grade was 2.125 using the standard bovine grading system (Curtis, Cattle Embryo Transfer Procedure, 1991). In conclusion, in vitro oocyte maturation, fertilization, and embryo culture to the blastocyst stage is possible in springbok. Importantly, blastocysts can be produced in vitro under semi-defined conditions, demonstrating that oocyte maturation without serum does support developmental competence. This is important for the potential international movement of IVP embryos to be used for genetic management in the conservation of antelope species.
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BAIDENG, E. L., J. J. PELEALU, B. H. ASSA, and H. A. W. LENGKEY. "EFFICACY OF JATROPHA CURCAS L. SEED EXTRACT ON MORTALITY OF CABBAGE CROP LARVAE (CROCIDOLOMIA BINOTALIS ZELLER: LEPIDOPTERA: PYRALIDAE)." Cercetari Agronomice in Moldova 53, no. 3 (October 16, 2020): 307–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.46909/cerce-2020-026.
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Along with the awareness to obtain quality plant products, the use of plant-based insecticides is increasingly being used. One of the plants used as a plant-based insecticide is Jatropha curcas L. (Jarak pagar) because it contains toxic ingredients to kill cabbage caterpillar pests (Crocidolomia binotalis). This study aims to determine the effectiveness of Jatropha curcas L. on the mortality of Crocidolomia binotalis cabbage caterpillars. The research method used was a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) 7 × 3, consisting of seven treatment concentrations (0,000 ppm, 10,000 ppm, 20,000 ppm, 30,000 ppm, 40,000 ppm, 50,000 ppm, 60,000 ppm), with three replications. Observations were made at 24, 48, 72, 96, 120, 144 hours after application (HAA) of Jatropha. The research activities were carried out in two stages, namely 1) the extraction stage of Jatropha curcas L. seeds and the breeding of the Crocidolomia binotalis test larvae and 2) the testing stage with seven concentration levels of Jatropha curcas L. extract as a plant-based insecticide. ANOVA test showed that the treatments of Jatropha curcas L. extract gave the death effect on larvae [F-count > F-table (116.8 > 2.37)]. Dead larvae change color to black and their body shape will curve. The fastest larval death occurs 24 HAA, with a concentration of 40,000 ppm, which is 50%. At lower concentrations (30,000 ppm), which can kill larvae up to 50%, occurs 120 HAA. With a concentration of 50,000 ppm, 90% of larvae can be killed occurring 96 HAA.
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Domiciano, Gisele Pereira, Adilson Kenji Kobayashi, Hugo Bruno Correa Molinari, Bruno Galveas Laviola, and Alexandre Alonso Alves. "Photosynthetic performance of contrasting Jatropha curcas genotypes during the flowering and fruiting stages." Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira 53, no. 1 (January 2018): 10–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-204x2018000100002.
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Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate physiological processes in contrasting physic nut (Jatropha curcas) genotypes during the flowering and fruiting stages. Gas exchange parameters were measured using an infrared gas analyzer, and morphological traits were evaluated during each stage under natural conditions, in a randomized complete block design with five replicates. Differences in yield between J. curcas accessions were not related to photosynthetic performance, but rather to the number of inflorescences and female flowers, which are genetically determined. Moreover, the net CO2 assimilation was equivalent in both genotypes, although they produced different amount of fruit. The genotypes differed consistently in terms of carboxylation efficiency and ribulose bisphosphate regeneration. Finally, J. curcas branch growth is not impaired by the increased sink strength during fruiting, and fruit may have been actually exerting a positive effect on the net CO2 assimilation, which may have enabled plants to maintain growth while producing flowers and fruits.
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Rabey, David Ian. "Adrian Curtin. Death in Modern Theatre: Stages of Mortality." Modern Drama 62, no. 4 (November 2019): 567–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/md.62.4.br2.
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Silva, L. J., C. F. S. Dias, L. A. S. Dias, and P. C. Hilst. "Physiological quality of Jatropha curcas L. seeds harvested at different development stages." Seed Science and Technology 39, no. 3 (October 1, 2011): 572–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.15258/sst.2011.39.3.04.
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Tsuji, Y., M. Tamai, S. Morimoto, D. Sasaki, M. Nagayoshi, F. Nonaka, S. Y. Kawashiri, et al. "AB1232 ORAL DYSBIOSIS REFLECTS THE IMMUNOLOGICAL ALTERATION OF RA REGARDING TO ACPA AND HLA DRB1*SE: NAGASAKI ISLAND STUDY." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 79, Suppl 1 (June 2020): 1907.2–1907. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-eular.5147.
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Background:Anti-citrullinated protein antibody (ACPA) production is observed in several organs even prior to the onset of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and oral mucosa is considered to be one of the important tissues. The presence of HLA-DRB1*SE closely associates with ACPA production. Saliva is considered to reflect the oral microbiota including periodontal disease. Alteration of oral microbiota of RA becomes to be normalized by DMARDs treatment, however, the interaction of HLA-DRB1*SE, ACPA and oral microbiota of RA patients remains to be elucidated.Objectives:The Nagasaki Island Study, which had started in 2014 collaborating with Goto City, is intended for research of the preclinical stage of RA, including ACPA/HLA genotype screening and ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging examinations in high-risk subjects. Using the samples accumulated in this cohort, we have tried to investigate the difference of oral microbiota among RA patients and healthy subjects regarding to ACPA and HLA-DRB1*SE.Methods:Blood and salivary samples were obtained from 1422 subjects out of 4276 who have participated in the Nagasaki Island Study from 2016 to 2018. ACPA positivity was 1.7 % in total. Some of RA patients resided in Goto City participated in the Nagasaki Island Study. At this point, we selected 291 subjects, who were ACPA positive non-RA healthy subjects (n=22) and patients with RA (n=33, 11 subjects were ACPA positive and 22 ACPA negative respectively) as the case, age and gender matched ACPA negative non-RA healthy subjects (n=236) as the control. ACPA was measured by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and HLA genotyping was quantified by next-generation sequencing (Ref.1). The operational taxonomic unit (OUT) analysis using 16S rRNA gene sequencing were performed. The richness of microbial diversity within-subject (alpha diversity) was scaled via Shannon entropy. The dissimilarity between microbial community composition was calculated using Bray-Curtis distance as a scale, and differences between groups (beta diversity) were tested by permutational multivariate analysis of variance (PERMANOVA). In addition, UniFrac distance calculated in consideration of the distance on the phylogenetic tree were performed.Results:Median age 70 y.o., % Female 58.8 %. Among RA and non-RA subjects, not alpha diversity but beta diversity was statistically significance (p=0.022, small in RA). In RA subjects, both alpha and beta diversity is small (p<0.0001), especially significant in ACPA positive RA (Figure 1). Amongt RA subjects, presence of HLA-DRB1*SE did not show the difference but the tendency of being small of alpha diversity (p=0.29).Conclusion:Our study has suggested for the first time the association of oral microbiota alteration with the presence of ACPA and HLA-DRB1*SE. Oral dysbiosis may reflect the immunological status of patients with RA.References:[1]Kawaguchi S, et al. Methods Mol Biol 2018;1802: 22Disclosure of Interests:None declared
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Kristan, Mojca, Samuel G. Thorburn, Julius C. Hafalla, Colin J. Sutherland, and Mary C. Oguike. "Mosquito and human hepatocyte infections with Plasmodium ovale curtisi and Plasmodium ovale wallikeri." Transactions of The Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 113, no. 10 (June 4, 2019): 617–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/trstmh/trz048.
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Abstract Background Human ovale malaria is caused by the two closely related species, Plasmodium ovale curtisi and P. ovale wallikeri. Both species are known to relapse from quiescent hepatic forms months or years after the primary infection occurred. Although some studies have succeeded in establishing mosquito transmission for ovale malaria, none have specifically described transmission and human hepatocyte infection of both sibling species. Methods Here we describe a simplified protocol for successful transmission of both P. ovale curtisi and P. ovale wallikeri to Anopheles coluzzii mosquitoes and streamlined monitoring of infection using sensitive parasite DNA detection, by loop-activated amplification, in blood-fed mosquitoes. Results In one experimental infection with P. ovale curtisi and one with P. ovale wallikeri, viable sporozoites were isolated from mosquito salivary glands and used to successfully infect cultured human hepatocytes. Conclusions This protocol provides a method for the utilisation of pretreatment clinical blood samples from ovale malaria patients, collected in EDTA, for mosquito infection studies and generation of the hepatic life cycle stages of P. ovale curtisi and P. ovale wallikeri. We also demonstrate the utility of loop-activated amplification as a rapid and sensitive alternative to dissection for estimating the prevalence of infection in Anopheles mosquitoes fed with Plasmodium-infected blood.
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Curtin, Adrian. "Orchestral Theatre and the Concert as a Performance Laboratory." New Theatre Quarterly 35, no. 04 (October 8, 2019): 291–311. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266464x19000356.
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In the past decade the National Theatre has presented two restagings of earlier productions, now featuring an onstage orchestra (the Southbank Sinfonia) that has been choreographed and made a key part of the spectacle: Every Good Boy Deserves Favour, by Tom Stoppard, with a musical score by André Previn, performed in 2009 and 2010, and Peter Shaffer’s Amadeus, performed in 2016 and 2018. Contemporaneously, a vanguard of British orchestras has begun to explore how concerts can be presented in ways that are more theatrically sophisticated than the standard concert format. Here Adrian Curtin investigates ‘orchestral theatre’ as an aesthetic proposition by examining the collaborations between the Southbank Sinfonia and the National Theatre, and their legacy in a series of experimental concerts staged by the Southbank Sinfonia entitled #ConcertLab. He aims to identify the artistic and cultural significance of these collaborations and #ConcertLab so as to better understand contemporary efforts to present orchestras (and, more broadly, classical music) in a theatrically innovative manner. Adrian Curtin is a senior lecturer in the Drama Department at the University of Exeter. He is the author of Avant-Garde Theatre Sound: Staging Sonic Modernity (Palgrave, 2014) and Death in Modern Theatre: Stages of Mortality (Manchester University Press, 2019), and principal investigator of the AHRC research network ‘Representing “Classical Music” in the Twenty-First Century’.
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Treanor, Louise M., Sheng Zhou, Taihe Lu, and Brian P. Sorrentino. "Loss of p19Arf Increases the Self-Renewal Capacity of Immature Thymocytes That Over-Express LMO2." Blood 116, no. 21 (November 19, 2010): 4198. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v116.21.4198.4198.
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Abstract Abstract 4198 LMO2 is a lim-only domain transcription factor that mediates protein-protein interactions in a multimeric complex containing LDB1, E47, Tal1 and either GATA1 or GATA2. It was discovered as a result of chromosomal translocations in T-cell leukemia; where it becomes abnormally regulated by T-cell receptor elements and is involved in approximately 9% of cases. LMO2 transgenic mice develop T-cell leukemia with a latency of between 10–12 months indicating that other co-operating genetic events are required. In recent X-SCID gene therapy trials 4 patients developed T-cell leukemia due to vector–induced activation of LMO2 gene expression. Two out of the 4 patients had loss of the CDKN2A locus with another having an activating insertion in BMI1, a known repressor of the CDKN2A locus. The CDKN2A locus encodes both p19Arf and p16INK4A, and p19Arf suppression is known to increase self-renewal in a variety of different stem cell systems. Because LMO2 has been shown to promote thymocyte self-renewal (Curtis et al, Science 2010); we investigated whether Arf loss could collaborate with LMO2 in regulating self-renewal of thymocyte progenitors. We utilized OP9-DL1 stromal cells that express the Notch ligand; Delta-ligand 1 which enables differentiation of immature bone marrow cells and thymocytes into mature T-cells. When cultured on OP9-DL1 stromal cells LMO2+Arf+/+ and LMO2+Arf-/- populations had a block in progression to mature T-cells at the DN2 stage of thymocyte differentiation. These DN2 thymocytes were sorted and replated onto fresh OP9-DL1 stromal cells and analysis 7 days later showed that both populations had 99% DN2 stage thymocytes, indicating that LMO2 was inducing a complete block in thymocyte differentiation. LMO2+ Arf-/- DN2 thymocytes had 3 fold more thymocytes than the Arf+/+ population 11 days after the thymocytes had been sorted. This indicates that Arf loss may be increasing the self-renewal of the DN2 population. We next transplanted either 2×105 LMO2+ Arf-/- or 2×105 LMO2 Arf+/+ DN2 thymocytes together with 2×105 WT bone marrow cells into 2 groups of 10 WT lethally irradiated syngenic recipients. After only three weeks LMO2+ Arf-/-(n=7) cells were detected in the thymi of recipient mice. Marked cells came to represent about 18% of total thymocytes between weeks 6 to 15 post-transplant, these LMO2+ Arf-/- thymocytes were able to differentiate into mature T cell lineages in the thymus. By week 18 the LMO2+ Arf-/- cells dramatically increased to 97% of total thymocytes indicating that they maybe a preleukemic pool. In contrast, no thymic repopulation with LMO2 Arf+/+ (N=7) cells was noted. Serial transplant experiments were performed by isolating mCherry+, LMO2+ thymocytes 12 weeks post transplant. Then 2×105 LMO2+ thymocytes were transplanted into secondary Rag2-/-γc-/- recipients. After 6 weeks the thymi of 2 secondary mice were analyzed and were 100% mCherry+, LMO2+ and contained mature T-cells. These LMO2+ Arf-/- thymocytes had the capacity to be serially transplanted demonstrating that Arf loss was contributing to the self-renewal potential of these LMO2+DN2 thymocytes. Comparing our data to the published result for LMO2+Arf+/+, a 100 fold less thymocytes were transplanted in our assay potentially explaining the lack of engraftment with our LMO2+Arf+/+ cells. Furthermore we observed activation of the Arf locus when these thymocytes were transplanted in vivo, indicating that somehow these LMO2+thymocytes were inducing Arf activation at later times after transplant. p19Arf expression in thymocytes has been reported to induce p53 dependent apoptosis (Miyazaki et al, Immunity 2008). This supports the concept that Arf loss contributes to the self-renewal potential of thymocytes in and above the context of LMO2 over-expression. The combination of an increase in self-renewal induced by LMO2 and loss of the gatekeeper function of self-renewal through p19Arf loss leads to acceleration in the pathogenesis of LMO2 induced T-cell malignancies. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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MOREIRA, GILSON R. P., GISLENE L. GONÇALVES, RODRIGO P. ELTZ, GERMÁN SAN BLAS, and DONALD R. DAVIS. "Revalidation of Oliera Brèthes (Lepidoptera: Cecidosidae) based on a redescription of O. argentinana and DNA analysis of Neotropical cecidosids." Zootaxa 3557, no. 1 (November 21, 2012): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3557.1.1.
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Larvae of Oliera argentinana, Brèthes 1916 (Lepidoptera: Cecidosidae) were rediscovered inducing spindle-shaped gallsenclosed within swollen stems of Schinus (Anacardiaceae) in central Argentina and Rio Grande do Sul, the southernmoststate of Brazil. Male, female, immature stages, and plant galls of O. argentinana are redescribed, using optical andscanning electron microscopy. The genus Oliera Brèthes, 1916, previously a junior synonym of Cecidoses Curtis, 1835,is revalidated, by comparing morphological characteristics within the family and through an analysis of mitochondrial(COI) DNA sequences, including putative members of the four Neotropical cecidosid genera. Information on preliminary Cecidosidae phylogeny and taxonomy is also provided.
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Oguike, Mary C., and Colin J. Sutherland. "Dimorphism in genes encoding sexual-stage proteins of Plasmodium ovale curtisi and Plasmodium ovale wallikeri." International Journal for Parasitology 45, no. 7 (June 2015): 449–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpara.2015.02.004.
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SCHMIDT, HEIKE, AXEL STRAUß, FRANK GLAW, MEIKE TESCHKE, and MIGUEL VENCES. "Description of tadpoles of five frog species in the subgenus Brygoomantis from Madagascar (Mantellidae: Mantidactylus)." Zootaxa 1988, no. 1 (January 27, 2009): 48–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.1988.1.4.
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We describe the larval stages of five frog species classified in the Madagascan subgenus Brygoomantis of the genus Mantidactylus, which were identified by DNA barcoding: Mantidactylus alutus, Mantidactylus curtus, and three taxonomically undescribed species here named Mantidactylus sp. aff. biporus "Ranomafana", M. sp. aff. biporus "Marojejy", and M. sp. aff. curtus "Ankaratra". The larvae of M. alutus, and of M. sp. aff. curtus "Ankaratra", had been described before, and we confirm and complement the previous studies. Our data confirm that Brygoomantis tadpoles are benthic, of a rather generalized body shape and oral disc morphology. All species for which tadpoles are known so far have a large dorsal gap of marginal papillae, a labial tooth row formula of 3-5 rows on the anterior labium of which only the first is continuous and the others have distinct medial gaps, and three rows of labial teeth on the posterior labium of which the first usually has a very small medial gap which however can sometimes be undetectable. Total number of marginal and submarginal papillae ranges from 50 to 103 and density of labial teeth (on the second upper row) from 19 to 76 per mm.
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Triadiati, Triadiati, Kurniati Kurniati, Utut Widyastuti, and Dasumiati Dasumiati. "Androgynomonoecious Jatropha curcas: Chromosomes, Isozymes, and Flowers Gender." HAYATI Journal of Biosciences 26, no. 3 (December 2, 2019): 139. http://dx.doi.org/10.4308/hjb.26.3.139.
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Jatropha curcas (J. curcas) is usually monoecious plants, which have male and female flowers on the same inflorescence. However, J. curcas can be found as an androgynomonoecious plant (have male, female, and hermaphrodite flowers), even though very rare. Androgynomonoecious J. curcas can be identified after six months of planting when it had started flowering. Therefore, it is important to identify the characteristics of androgynomonoecious J. curcas that can differentiate between androgynomonoecious and monoecious plants in earlier stages of growth. The objectives of the research were to observe isozymes, chromosome and flowers gender of androgynomonoecious and monoecious J. curcas Banten and Lampung accessions. Seeds from five genotypes of J. curcas were used in the research. The observation was carried out on the chromosome and isozymes (Peroxidase and Esterase isozymes) could be used as markers to differentiate androgynomonoecious and monoecious plants. Observations about the flower gender from offsprings derived from different seeds were important to know the inheritance of flower gender. The androgynomonoecious and monoecious J. curcas were diploid with number of chromosomes 2n=2x=22. The chromosomes of androgynomonoecious have longer than that of monoecious J. curcas. The isozymes of androgynomonoecious J. curcas had four alleles and monoecious J. curcas (Banten female monoecious) had three alleles. The flower inflorescence and gender derived from androgynomonoecious plants were unstable, due to androgynomonoecious is intermediate state.
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Romuli, Sebastian, Shkelqim Karaj, and Joachim Müller. "Physical Properties of Jatropha curcas L. Fruits and Seeds with Respect to Their Maturity Stage." Applied Sciences 9, no. 9 (April 30, 2019): 1802. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9091802.
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Jatropha curcas L. is a multipurpose bioenergy crop. Physical properties of J. curcas fruits and seeds are a fundamental knowledge required for the design of processing machinery. Therefore, this research investigates the physical properties at different maturity stages as indicated by pericarp color of the fruits (green, yellow, and black). Rupture force, hardness, deformation at rupture point, deformation ratio at rupture, and energy used for rupture were measured in the length and width direction of the fruits and in the length, width, and thickness of the seeds. During the course of maturing, a decrease in the unit mass and the surface area of the fruits was observed with a simultaneous increase for the seeds. Moisture content decreased during maturing. Bulk density and solid density were considerably different among maturity stages. The lowest porosity was observed in black fruits as well as “black” seeds. The highest dynamic and static angle of repose was detected for black fruits, while no substantial difference was observed between “yellow” and “black” seeds. The highest and lowest coefficient of static friction for all fruits and seeds was found on rubber and plastic surfaces.
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Wei, Y. X., H. Zhang, J. J. Pu, and X. M. Liu. "First Report of Target Spot of Cotton Caused by Corynespora cassiicola in China." Plant Disease 98, no. 7 (July 2014): 1006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-12-13-1243-pdn.
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Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) is one of the most important economic crops in China and fungal diseases are the major limiting factors in its production. In September 2013, cotton plants infected with leaf spots were observed in Sanya, Hainan Province, China. Initial symptoms developed as brick-red dots that led to the formation of irregular to circular lesions with gray centers surrounded by brown borders. Individual leaf spots formed concentric rings of alternating light and dark brown bands. Leaf tissue segments collected from the border between symptomatic and healthy tissue were surface disinfested in 75% ethanol for 1 min, then rinsed three times in sterile water with streptomycin sulfate. Fungal isolates obtained from these segments were purified by the single spore technique on potato dextrose agar (PDA) at 28°C. The initial color of the colonies was olivaceous, turning dark brown after 5 days. Conidiophores were scattered or clustered, brown, straight to curved, unbranched, and glabrous. Conidia had 4 to 12 pseudosepta and were 56 to 230 μm long and 5 to 15 μm wide, brown, straight to slightly curved, obclavate to cylindrical, glabrous, and apex obtuse. These characteristics were consistent with the description of Corynespora cassiicola (Berk. & M.A. Curtis.) C.T. Wei (3). A pathogenicity test was conducted with the four isolates on detached young cotton leaves (two to four true leaf stage). For each isolate, three slightly wounded and three unwounded leaves were inoculated with 5.5-mm-diameter mycelial plugs. For the control treatment, wounded and unwounded leaves were mock inoculated with sterile PDA plugs of the same size. The inoculated leaves were placed in a moist chamber and incubated with a 12-h photoperiod at 28°C. Necrotic lesions appeared on wounded spots after 2 days of incubation and on unwounded leaves 3 days after incubation. All symptoms were similar to those observed in the field. Symptoms were not observed on control leaves. The same fungus was always re-isolated from the diseased tissue according to Koch's postulates. To confirm the identity of the pathogen, DNA was extracted from a 1-week-old culture grown on PDA and the internal transcribed spacer region (ITS) of one isolate (GenBank Accession No. KF924624) was amplified using primers ITS1 and ITS4 (4) and sequenced. BLAST search in GenBank revealed 100% homology with sequences of C. cassiicola (EU364535.1, EU364536.1, FJ852574.1, and FJ852575.1). Based on the symptoms, fungal morphology, ITS sequence comparison, and pathogenicity test, this fungus was identified as C. cassiicola. Target spot of cotton associated with C. cassiicola has been reported in Georgia (2) and Alabama (1). To our knowledge, this is the first report that C. cassiicola can infect cotton in China inducing target spot of cotton (2). This report will establish a foundation for further study of C. cassiicola to aid disease measurement and control. References: (1) K. N. Conner et al. Plant Dis. 97:1379, 2013. (2) A. M. Fulmer et al. Plant Dis. 96:1066, 2012. (3) J. Y. Lu. Page 407 in: Plant Pathogenic Mycology. China Agricultural Press, Beijing, 2000. (4) T. J. White et al. Page 315 in: PCR Protocols: A Guide to Methods and Applications. Academic Press, San Diego, CA, 1990.
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Singh, Prabhsimranjot, Sudhamshi Toom, Makardhwaj S. Shrivastava, Jason Shaw, David A. Silver, Jasminka Balderacchi, and Jay S. Lipshitz. "Synchronous Hodgkin's Lymphoma and Seminoma, a Rare Co-Existence and an Important Lesson." Blood 128, no. 22 (December 2, 2016): 5318. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v128.22.5318.5318.
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Abstract Introduction: Second malignancies, including lymphoma, occur at a higher incidence in men previously treated for germ cell tumors than in the general population (1). Synchronous presentation of seminoma and lymphoma is rare but has important ramifications for the treatment of both malignancies. Without clinical vigilance this situation may be easily missed, leading to inappropriate management of each cancer. We describe a patient found to have synchronous seminoma and Hodgkin Lymphoma and discuss the effects of the dual diagnoses on his evaluation and care. Case presentation: A 59 year old male with no significant medical history presented with progressive swelling and erythema of the right testis. Testicular cancer was suspected and he underwent a radical right inguinal orchiectomy. Pathology revealed a 5.7cm seminoma of the testis with lymphovascular invasion and without spermatic cord involvement (pT2) (Fig. 1). His tumor markers including AFP, LDH, and Beta-HCG were normal (S0). A CT scan of the chest, abdomen and pelvis followed by a PET/CT revealed enlarged, hypermetabolic mediastinal, hilar and periportal lymphadenopathy interpreted by the radiologist as concerning for metastatic disease. Given the atypical distribution for lymphadenopathy from testicular seminoma, an excisional biopsy of a left hilar node was performed and revealed Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma with IHC positive for CD15, CD30 and PAX-5 (Fig 2). He denied any B-symptoms and his bone marrow was uninvolved by lymphoma (stage IIIA). Adjuvant therapy for his germ cell tumor, otherwise an important consideration, was deferred and he began chemotherapy with adriamycin, bleomycin, vinblastine and dacarbazine (ABVD) for 6 cycles. Interim PET/CT after 2 cycles of ABVD showed a complete response. He has completed 6 cycles of ABVD and chose observation as opposed to single dose of adjuvant carboplatin for his seminoma and is currently under surveillance for both malignancies. Discussion: The unusual coexistence of Hodgkin Lymphoma and seminoma has rarely been documented in medical literature, with three other cases previously reported (2, 3). In each case a biopsy of lymphadenopathy, primarily outside the retroperitoneum, yielded a diagnosis of lymphoma. Both Hodgkin Lymphoma and germ cell tumors commonly involve lymph nodes and present in young men. Lymphadenopathy may understandably be assumed to represent metastatic disease in a young man with known testicular cancer. Clinical vigilance is necessary to question the nature of atypical sites of lymphadenopathy in such a patient, and to pursue the possibility of an alternate diagnosis with a lymph node biopsy. A missed diagnosis of lymphoma in such a patient would also mean harmful over-staging of the germ cell tumor. While these two cancers represent two of the most curable malignancies, their treatment is different and would be grossly wrong if each cancer is not correctly diagnosed and staged. Conclusion: Our report highlights the importance of clinical suspicion of a lymphoma in patients with another cancer and lymphadenopathy not typical of metastatic disease for that tumor type. In such situations a lymph node biopsy is crucial in order to proceed with the correct therapy of each malignancy. While the simultaneous presentation of Hodgkin Lymphoma and seminoma is rare, cases like ours highlight the importance of questioning metastatic disease when lymphoma seems to be a possibility. References 1. Travis LB, Curtis RE, Storm H, Hall P, Holowaty E, Van Leeuwen FE, et al. Risk of second malignant neoplasms among long-term survivors of testicular cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst 1997;89:1429-39 2. Dexeus FH, Kilbourn R, Chong C, et al: Association of germ cell tumors and Hodgkins disease. Urology 37:129-134, 1991 3. Gerl, A., Clemm, C., Salat, C., Mittermüller, J., Bomfleur, W. and Wilmanns, W. Testicular cancer and Hodgkin disease in the same patient. (1993) Cancer, 71: 2838-2840. Figure 1 Testicular mass- Seminoma Figure 1. Testicular mass- Seminoma Figure 2 Lymph node biopsy- Classic Hodgkin's lymphoma Figure 2. Lymph node biopsy- Classic Hodgkin's lymphoma Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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Gayakvad, Paresh, D. B. Jadeja, and S. Bhalawe. "Effect of foliar application of GA3, ethrel and copper sulphate on flowering behaviour and sex ratio of Jatropha curcas L." Journal of Applied and Natural Science 6, no. 1 (June 1, 2014): 286–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.31018/jans.v6i1.416.
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Effect of various plant growth substances viz., GA3 (25, 50,100 ppm), ethrel (1500, 2000, 2500 ppm), copper sulphate (0.1, 0.2, 0.5%) as foliar spray treatment applied during January to October was studied at 15 days intervals. The flowering behaviour and sex-expression of Jatropha curcas was investigated during in randomized block design (RBD) at the College Farm, Navsari. Looking to the results, it was noticed that GA3 50 ppm resulted in increased number of inflorescence per plant (31.25), number of flower per inflorescence (76.87), number of (male 94.75/female 4.01) flowers, flower sex ratio (24.22) in J. curcas. The Male: Female flower ratio was the lowest at 14th spray stage under majority of treatments indicating increased number of female flowers which is ultimately reflected by increased fruit and seed yield of J. curcas.
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Abdelghany, Mohammed, Zakaria Yahia, and Amr B. Eltawil. "A new two-stage variable neighborhood search algorithm for the nurse rostering problem." RAIRO - Operations Research 55, no. 2 (March 2021): 673–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/ro/2021027.
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The nurse rostering problem refers to the assignment of nurses to daily shifts according to the required demand of each shift and day, with consideration for the operational requirements and nurses’ preferences. This problem is known to be an NP-hard problem, difficult to be solved using the known exact solution methods especially for large size instances. Mostly, this problem is modeled with soft and hard constraint, and the objective is set to minimize the violations for the soft constraints. In this paper, a new two-stage variable neighborhood search algorithm is proposed for solving the nurse rostering problem. The first stage aims at minimizing the violations of the soft constraints with the higher penalty weights in the objective function. While the second stage considers minimizing the total solution penalty taking into account all the soft constraint. The proposed algorithm was tested on the 24 benchmark instances of Curtois and Qu (Technical Report, ASAP Research Group, School of Computer Science, University of Nottingham (2014)). The test results revealed that the proposed algorithm is able to compete with the results of a recent heuristic approach from literature for most of the tested instances.
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Frazão do Nascimento, Mariana Ruiz, Donato Alexandre Gomes Aranda, Ana Elizabeth Cavalcante Fai, Sandro Dourado Silveira, Yordanka Reyes Cruz, Felipe Santiago Soares, and Eduardo Homem da Siqueira Cavalcanti. "Dual-stage methodology for production, characterization, and storage stability of Jatropha curcas biodiesel." Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery 6, no. 2 (December 11, 2015): 209–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13399-015-0193-3.
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Hughes, Bethany. "Jesse Rae Archibald-Barber, Kathleen Irwin, and Moira J. Day, eds., Performing Turtle Island: Indigenous Theatre on the World Stage." Modern Drama 64, no. 1 (March 2021): 109–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/md.64.1.br1.
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Performing Turtle Island curates experiences with and philosophies of Indigenous theatre. Critical Companion to Native American Theatre and Performance provides brief overviews of important events, artists, and organizations in North American Indigenous theatre. The former ranges in tone and topic; the latter is introductory and especially useful in undergraduate classrooms.
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Kumar, Veeresh, S. C. Topagi, B. S. Rajendra Prasad, Revanasidda Revanasidda, K. B. Tharini, and C. T. Ashok Kumar. "Biology and management of mealybug, Paracoccus marginatus Williams and Granara de Willink on Jatropha curcas L." Journal of Applied and Natural Science 6, no. 2 (December 1, 2014): 770–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.31018/jans.v6i2.534.
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Jatropha cultivation is gaining importance as potential source of biofuel. Recently Paracoccus marginatus has been found to cause serious damage on Jatropha. Studies on the biology and management of P. marginatus at GKVK, Bangalore revealed that the females had three nymphal instars without any pupal stage, while the male had three nymphal instars besides, pre-pupal and pupal stages. The total nymphal period for female ranged from 14 to 21 days, (mean- 17.32±1.6 days) while for male the range was 16 to 23 days, (mean- 18.9±1.3 days). Bisexual and parthenogenetic modes of reproduction were observed. The fecundity of the female mealybug ranged from 248 to 967, with an average of 618.9±19 eggs. Evaluation of insecticides revealed that during first spray and second spray, mean per cent reduction of mealy bug population was highest in profenophos 0.05% (68.05 and 79.35) followed by buprofezin 0.025% (63.61 and 72.69). Least per cent reduction of mealy bug was observed in the NSKE 5% (17.94 and 25.77) treatment.
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Fulmer, A. M., J. T. Walls, B. Dutta, V. Parkunan, J. Brock, and R. C. Kemerait. "First Report of Target Spot Caused by Corynespora cassiicola on Cotton in Georgia." Plant Disease 96, no. 7 (July 2012): 1066. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-01-12-0035-pdn.
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In 2005, crop consultants in southwestern Georgia reported an unusual occurrence of leaf spot in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.). Initial symptoms first developed as brick red dots that led to the formation of irregular to circular lesions with tan-to-light brown centers. Lesions further enlarged and often demonstrated a targetlike appearance formed from concentric rings within the spot. Observations included estimates of premature defoliation up to 70%, abundant characteristic spots on the leaves and bracts, and losses of several hundred kg of lint/ha. When symptomatic leaves were submitted to the University of Georgia Tifton Plant Disease Clinic in Tifton, GA, for identification in 2008, the causal agent was tentatively diagnosed as Corynespora cassiicola (Berk. & M.A. Curtis) C.T. Wei on the basis of similar symptoms and signs previously reported on cotton (3). In September 2011, symptomatic leaves were obtained from diseased cotton within a field (var. DP 1048B2RF) near Attapulgus, GA. Symptomatic tissue from diseased leaves was surface disinfested in 0.5% sodium hypochlorite for 1 min and plated on potato dextrose agar (PDA). Ten isolates were incubated at 21.1°C for 2 weeks with a 12/12 h light/dark cycle using fluorescent light located approximately 70 cm above the cultures. After 1 week, two isolates were transferred to quarter strength PDA for enhanced sporulation and were grown under the same conditions. Conidiophores from the isolated fungus were simple, erect, intermittently branching and septate, and gave rise to single, subhyaline conidia. Conidia had 4 to 17 pseudosepta and were 50 to 197 μm long and 7 to 16 μm wide, straight to curved, and obclavate to cylindrical. Pathogenicity tests were conducted by spraying 10 cotton seedlings (DP 555BR and DP 1048B2RF, two to four true leaf stage) until runoff with a blended suspension from a 2-week-old pure culture of the fungus diluted with 100 mL of sterile water. Five plants were sprayed with sterile water as noninoculated controls. Cotton seedlings were then incubated in a moist chamber at 21.1°C for 48 h. Within 1 week, all inoculated plants showed symptoms similar to those of diseased field plants. Symptoms were not observed on noninoculated control plants. The fungus was reisolated five times from symptomatic leaves and grown in pure culture. Conidia and conidiophores were identical to the morphology of the original isolates, and were similar to descriptions of C. cassiicola (2). To confirm the identity of the pathogen, DNA was extracted from a week-old culture and amplified with specific primers for loci “ga4” and “rDNA ITS” (1). DNA sequences obtained with the Applied Biosystems 3730xl 96-capillary DNA Analyzer showed 99% identity to C. cassiicola from BLAST analysis in GenBank. The resulting sequence was deposited into GenBank (Accession No. JQ717069). To our knowledge, this is the first report of this pathogen in Georgia. Given the increasing prevalence of this disease in southwestern Georgia, its confirmation is a significant step toward management recommendations for growers. Because foliar diseases caused by C. cassiicola are commonly referred to as “target spot” in other crops (e.g., soybeans), it is proposed that Corynespora leaf spot of cotton be known as “target spot of cotton.” References: (1) L. J. Dixon et al. Phytopathology 99:1015, 2009. (2) M. B. Ellis and P. Holliday. CMI Description of Pathogenic Fungi and Bacteria, 303, 1971. (3) J. P. Jones. Phytopathology 51:305, 1961.
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Tsuji, Y., M. Tamai, S. Morimoto, D. Sasaki, S. Y. Kawashiri, K. Yanagihara, K. Aoyagi, et al. "POS1429 ORAL DYSBIOSIS REFLECTS THE IMMUNOLOGICAL ALTERATION OF RA REGARDING TO HLA DRB1*SE, ACPA AND CIGARETTE SMOKING: NAGASAKI ISLAND STUDY." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 80, Suppl 1 (May 19, 2021): 998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2021-eular.2270.
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Background:Anti-citrullinated protein antibody (ACPA) production is observed in several organs even prior to the onset of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and oral mucosa is considered to be one of the important tissues. Saliva is considered to reflect the oral microbiota(oralMB) including periodontal disease. A gene-environment interaction between cigarette smoking and shared epitope genes in HLA-DRB1*shared epitope (SE) provides a high risk of ACPA-positive RA. However, the interaction of HLA-DRB1*SE, ACPA, cigarette smoking and oralMB of RA patients remains to be elucidated.Objectives:We investigated that the difference of oralMB among RA patients and healthy subjects(HS) regarding to ACPA, HLA-DRB1*SE and cigarette smoking.Methods:The Nagasaki Island Study, which had started in 2014 collaborating with Goto City, Nagasaki Prefecture, Japan, is intended for research of the preclinical stage of RA, including ACPA, HLA genotype screening, oralMB and lifestyle habit. Both of blood and salivary samples were obtained from 1422 subjects out of 4276 participants in this study from 2016 to 2018. ACPA positivity was 1.7 % in total 4276 subjects. At this point, we selected 291 subjects, who were ACPA positive non-RA HS(n=22) and patients with RA (n=33, 11 subjects were ACPA positive and 22 ACPA negative, respectively) as the case, age and gender matched ACPA negative non-RA HS (n=236) as the control. In RA subjects, current smoker was n=1(3.0%) and ever smoker was n=8(24.2%). In HS, current smoker was n=29(11.2%) and ever smoker was n=55(21.3%). ACPA was measured by ELISA, and HLA genotyping was quantified by next-generation sequencing (Ref.1). The operational taxonomic unit (OTU) analysis using 16S rRNA gene sequencing were performed. The richness of microbial diversity within subject (α-diversity) was scaled via Shannon entropy. The dissimilarity between microbial community composition was calculated using Bray-Curtis distance as a scale, and differences between groups (β-diversity) were tested by permutational multivariate analysis of variance (PERMANOVA). In addition, UniFrac distance calculated in consideration of the distance on the phylogenetic tree were performed.Results:Median age 71 y.o., % Female 58.4 %. Among RA and non-RA subjects, not α-diversity but β-diversity was statistically smaller significantly in RA (p=0.022). In the HS, there was no decrease in α-diversity between the ACPA-positive and HLA-DRB1*SE-positive groups, but in the ACPA-positive group, there was a decrease in α-diversity in the HLA-DRB1*SE-positive group. When we compared α-diversity stratified by the presence or absence of three factors (RA, ACPA, and HLA-DRB1*SE), the RA group with ACPA and HLA-DRB1*SE positive tended to have the lowest diversity (Figure 1 lower right). RA subjects, presence of HLA-DRB1*SE did not show the difference but the tendency of lower α-diversity (p=0.29).Conclusion:HS with ACPA-positive HLA-DRB1*SE tended to show lower α-diversity than ACPA-positive HS and HLA-DRB1*SE positive HS. Furthermore, RA subjects with ACPA-positive HLA-DRB1*SE showed lower α-diversity than HS with ACPA-positive HLA-DRB1*SE.Our study suggested that the oral dysbiosis may reflect the immunological status of patients with RA. Because of the small number of ACPA-positive patients, stratification by smoking history was difficult. Further examination is needed to clarify the gene-environment interaction and microbiome.References:[1]Kawaguchi S, et al. Methods Mol Biol 2018;1802: 22.Disclosure of Interests:None declared